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/> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form> </div> <button id="searchDialogCloseBtn" class="btn btn-close"><img src="https://stm-assoc.org/wp-content/themes/stmpress/images/red-close-button.svg" width="50" height="50"/></button> </div> </div> <div class="page__wrapper"> <div id="breadcrumbs"><span><span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/">Home</a></span> » <span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/">What We Do</a></span> » <span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/strategic-areas/">Strategic Areas</a></span> » <span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/strategic-areas/research-integrity/">Research Integrity</a></span> » <span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/strategic-areas/research-integrity/image-alterations-duplications/">Image Alterations & Duplications</a></span> » <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">Resource Center</span></span></div> <section class="flex__banner smalltext-bottom" style="background-image: url(https://stm-assoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/STM-REDESIGN-BANNER-A.png)"> <div class="flex__banner-inner"> <h2>Image Alterations and Duplications <br> Resource Center</h2> <div class="flex__banner_bottom"> <h3>An evolving hub of videos, tools and guidelines for publishers working to detect automatic image alteration and/or duplications.</h3> </div> </div> </section> <section class="flex__general_content_area flex_general_content_area__columns-1 flex_general_content_area__columnstyle---no-sidebar sidebar"> <div class="flex__general_content_area-inner"> <div class="block__heading"> <h2>Instructional Videos</h2> <div class="block__heading-divider"></div> </div> <h3><span style="font-weight: 400;">Image Integrity in Scientific Publication | Video Series</span></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A series of instructional video modules intended to serve as a tool for scholarly journal editors screening for manipulated images in submitted manuscripts.</span></p> </div> </section> <section class="flex__grid_callouts style-a"> <div class="flex__grid_callouts_grid columns-3"> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/-taHMZgh-9Q" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><br /> <strong>MODULE 1.</strong> This first module provides an overview of the most commonly found image aberrations in scientific publications and illustrates how they may be detected and verified. <a href="https://youtu.be/-taHMZgh-9Q">Watch the video here</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/UddQodWU__8" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><br /> <strong>MODULE 2. </strong>The second module offers an overview of commonly found<strong> image aberrations in blot images</strong> — and provides techniques for manually detecting and verifying these types of image issues. Although examples shown are all Western blots or immunoblots, the screening techniques introduced work equally well for northern blots, southern blots and agarose (DNA/RNA) gels. <a href="https://youtu.be/UddQodWU__8">Watch the video here.</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/iyAFY7JDNfE?si=aJ1opKpDlwDrswXZ" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe><br /> <strong>MODULE 3.</strong> Here, we zero in on microscopy images: taking a close look at the typical issues that you might encounter in an image screening routine — and offering tips and techniques to better detect and verify irregularities. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyAFY7JDNfE">Dive in here. </a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="flex__general_content_area flex_general_content_area__columns-1 flex_general_content_area__columnstyle---no-sidebar sidebar"> <div class="flex__general_content_area-inner"> <div class="block__heading"> <h2>Recommendations</h2> <div class="block__heading-divider"></div> </div> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In December of 2021, the working group released recommendations for </span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2021_12_07_Recommendations_for_handling_image_integrity_issues_V10-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span style="font-weight: 400;">handling image integrity issues (PDF).</span></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">This </span><a href="https://www.stm-assoc.org/events/webinar-on-stms-draft-recommendations-for-handling-image-integrity-issues/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">webinar</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> introduces the recommendations and offers attendees the opportunity to lend input.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A report on a session on the recommendations can be </span><a href="https://www.csescienceeditor.org/article/recommendations-for-handling-image-integrity-issues/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">read here</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">To access articles on the recommendations, </span><a href="https://retractionwatch.com/2021/09/21/fabulous-document-very-helpful-guidance-sleuths-react-to-recommendations-for-handling-image-integrity-issues/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">click here</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></li> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="flex__general_content_area flex_general_content_area__columns-1 flex_general_content_area__columnstyle---no-sidebar sidebar"> <div class="flex__general_content_area-inner"> <div class="block__heading"> <h2>Tools</h2> <div class="block__heading-divider"></div> </div> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In June of 2022, the working group </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">released a draft list of requirements and features</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> for screening tools for image integrity issues, with a suggested prioritization in availability and/or development. The working group has invited providers of image screening tools to self-evaluate their solutions against this list. <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/document/image-alterations-duplications-draft-list-of-requirements/">Learn more here</a>.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In December of 2022, we compiled information from four providers: ImageTwin, Proofig, FigCheck and Imacheck. This sheet is intended as an informative source of information for publishers about available tools and services. Please note that STM did not validate the claims made in this overview. </span><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/document/image-alterations-duplications-consultation-comparison/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">You can download the sheet here.</span></a></p> </div> </section> <section class="flex__grid_callouts style-a"> <div class="flex__grid_callouts_grid columns-2"> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="Proofig" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/0baYpRteasY" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/6hrcJXn1Kkg" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/OB0qVJtDeE8" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid__item --clickable-block style-white" > <div> <div class="grid__callout_description"><p><iframe title="YouTube video player" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/Z5LueVd9oTw" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="flex__general_content_area flex_general_content_area__columns-1 flex_general_content_area__columnstyle---no-sidebar sidebar"> <div class="flex__general_content_area-inner"> <div class="block__heading"> <h2>Related reading</h2> <div class="block__heading-divider"></div> </div> <ol> <li><span style="font-weight: 400;">Bik, E.M., Fang, F.C., Kullas, A.L., Davis, R.J., Casadevall, A. (2018), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Analysis and correction of inappropriate image duplication: The molecular and cellular biology experience</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, Molecular and Cellular Biology 38 (20), e00309</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Rossner, M. (2002), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Figure manipulation: assessing what is acceptable</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, The Journal of Cell Biology 158 (7), 1151</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Williams, C.L., Casadevall, A., Jackson, S. (2019), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Figure errors, sloppy science, and fraud: keeping eyes on your data</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, The Journal of Clinical Investigation 129 (5), 1805-1807</span></li> </ol> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">For more information, contact Joris van Rossum at joris@stm-solutions.org </span></p> </div> </section> <section class="flex__news"> <div class="flex__news_header"> <h2>The Latest from STM</h2> <a href="/latest/newsroom" class="btn btn-outline">VIEW ALL NEWS</a> </div> <div class="flex__news_list"> <div class="news-list__item newsroom__post_item"> <h3><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/strengthening-global-collaboration-caroline-suttons-annual-visit-to-japan-highlights-key-advances-in-open-access-and-scholarly-communication/">Strengthening global collaboration: Caroline Sutton’s annual visit to Japan highlights key advances in Open Access and scholarly communication </a></h3> <div class="newsroom_post_meta"> <span class="category__list"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/news-type/blog-news-type/">*Blog</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/geography/japan/">*Japan</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/open-research-strategic-area/">*Open Research</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/research-integrity-strategic-area/">*Research Integrity</a></span> <span class="post__date">11/18/24</date> </div> <div class="newsroom__post_excerpt"> <p>Caroline Sutton’s annual visit to Japan in late October was, as always, a productive journey marked by a full agenda of strategic meetings, collaborations and community engagement. At-a-glance: a packed itinerary Caroline’s itinerary included high-level external meetings with key government bodies like the Cabinet Office and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology…</p> </div> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/strengthening-global-collaboration-caroline-suttons-annual-visit-to-japan-highlights-key-advances-in-open-access-and-scholarly-communication/" class="btn btn-primary">LEARN MORE</a> </div> <div class="news-list__item newsroom__post_item"> <h3><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/new-report-feasibility-of-technical-solutions-for-the-detection-of-falsified-images-in-research/">New report: Feasibility of technical solutions for the detection of falsified images in research</a></h3> <div class="newsroom_post_meta"> <span class="category__list"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/news-type/announcements/">*Announcements</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/library-type/reports-papers/">*Reports & White Papers</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/research-integrity-strategic-area/">*Research Integrity</a></span> <span class="post__date">11/13/24</date> </div> <div class="newsroom__post_excerpt"> <p>Amidst the ongoing issues of research integrity and paper mills, image integrity is a growing concern. The rise of generative AI poses significant additional risks, as it allows for the generation of images and other types of data that are very hard — if not impossible — to detect with current technologies. For this reason,…</p> </div> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/new-report-feasibility-of-technical-solutions-for-the-detection-of-falsified-images-in-research/" class="btn btn-primary">LEARN MORE</a> </div> <div class="news-list__item newsroom__post_item"> <h3><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/new-stm-report-trusted-identity-in-academic-publishing/">STM report: Trusted Identity in Academic Publishing</a></h3> <div class="newsroom_post_meta"> <span class="category__list"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/news-type/announcements/">*Announcements</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/research-integrity-strategic-area/">*Research Integrity</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/standards-tech/">*Standards and Technology</a></span> <span class="post__date">10/31/24</date> </div> <div class="newsroom__post_excerpt"> <p>As the digital landscape evolves, the foundational trust that has long supported academic publishing faces new vulnerabilities. Rising cases of identity fraud and integrity breaches are challenging the scholarly community to protect research integrity without imposing unnecessary burdens on genuine contributors. In response, STM Solutions released Trusted Identity in Academic Publishing: The Central Role of…</p> </div> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/new-stm-report-trusted-identity-in-academic-publishing/" class="btn btn-primary">LEARN MORE</a> </div> <div class="news-list__item newsroom__post_item"> <h3><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/the-stm-conference-frankfurt-2025-advancing-trusted-research-in-the-era-of-ai/">The STM Conference Frankfurt 2024: Advancing Trusted Research in the era of AI</a></h3> <div class="newsroom_post_meta"> <span class="category__list"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/topics/ai-topics/">*AI</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/news-type/events-news-type/">*Events</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/open-research-strategic-area/">*Open Research</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/research-integrity-strategic-area/">*Research Integrity</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/social-responsibility-strategic-area/">*Social Responsibility</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/standards-tech/">*Standards and Technology</a> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/category/strategic-area/">*Strategic Area of Activity</a></span> <span class="post__date">08/12/24</date> </div> <div class="newsroom__post_excerpt"> <p>We’re thrilled to invite you to join us this October for the STM Annual Conference in Frankfurt: a night of connection over dinner, followed by a full day of ideation, collaboration and connection—right before the Frankfurt Book Fair. This year, we’ve tailored a program that delves into the theme: Advancing Trusted Research in the AI…</p> </div> <a href="https://stm-assoc.org/the-stm-conference-frankfurt-2025-advancing-trusted-research-in-the-era-of-ai/" class="btn btn-primary">LEARN MORE</a> </div> </section> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <div class="footer__left"> <div class="menu-footer-menu-container"><ul id="footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-84" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-84"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/who-we-are/">Who We Are</a></li> <li id="menu-item-83" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-83"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/what-we-do/">What We Do</a></li> <li id="menu-item-82" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-82"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/get-involved/">Get Involved</a></li> <li id="menu-item-81" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-81"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/latest/">Latest</a></li> <li id="menu-item-80" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-80"><a href="https://stm-assoc.org/get-involved/membership/join-2/">Join</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="footer__center"></div> <div class="footer__right"> <a href="/" class="footer-logo"><img src="https://stm-assoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/stm-logo.png" /></a> <div class="footer__social_media"> <a href="https://x.com/STMAssoc" target="_blank"> <img alt="" title="link to X" src="https://stm-assoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/twitter-x-icon.png" /></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/international-association-of-stm-publishers/" target="_blank"> <img alt="" title="link to LinkedIn" src="https://stm-assoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/linkedin-icon.png" /></a> </div> <a href="https://stm-assoc.us4.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=7eb4d60c1aa610bfd0a9d0ff7&id=bc3a89abba" target="_blank" class="btn btn-outline">SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTER</a> <div class="footer__privacy-links"> <a href="/sitemap_index.xml" class="btn btn-default">Sitemap</a> <a href="/feed" class="btn btn-default">Feeds</a> <a href="/privacy-statement/" class="btn btn-default">Privacy</a> <a href="/cookie-policy-eu/?cmplz_region_redirect=true" class="btn btn-default">Cookies</a> </div> </div> </footer> </div>  <div id="cmplz-cookiebanner-container"><div class="cmplz-cookiebanner cmplz-hidden banner-1 banner-a optin cmplz-bottom-right cmplz-categories-type-view-preferences" aria-modal="true" data-nosnippet="true" role="dialog" aria-live="polite" aria-labelledby="cmplz-header-1-optin" aria-describedby="cmplz-message-1-optin"> <div class="cmplz-header"> <div class="cmplz-logo"></div> <div class="cmplz-title" id="cmplz-header-1-optin">Manage Consent</div> <div class="cmplz-close" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="close-dialog"> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="times" class="svg-inline--fa fa-times fa-w-11" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 352 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M242.72 256l100.07-100.07c12.28-12.28 12.28-32.19 0-44.48l-22.24-22.24c-12.28-12.28-32.19-12.28-44.48 0L176 189.28 75.93 89.21c-12.28-12.28-32.19-12.28-44.48 0L9.21 111.45c-12.28 12.28-12.28 32.19 0 44.48L109.28 256 9.21 356.07c-12.28 12.28-12.28 32.19 0 44.48l22.24 22.24c12.28 12.28 32.2 12.28 44.48 0L176 322.72l100.07 100.07c12.28 12.28 32.2 12.28 44.48 0l22.24-22.24c12.28-12.28 12.28-32.19 0-44.48L242.72 256z"></path></svg> </div> </div> <div class="cmplz-divider cmplz-divider-header"></div> <div class="cmplz-body"> <div class="cmplz-message" id="cmplz-message-1-optin">To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. 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Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.</span> </div> </details> <details class="cmplz-category cmplz-marketing" > <summary> <span class="cmplz-category-header"> <span class="cmplz-category-title">Marketing</span> <span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="cmplz-marketing-optin" data-category="cmplz_marketing" class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-marketing" size="40" value="1"/> <label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-marketing-optin" tabindex="0"><span class="screen-reader-text">Marketing</span></label> </span> <span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18" ><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg> </span> </span> </summary> <div class="cmplz-description"> <span class="cmplz-description-marketing">The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.</span> </div> </details> </div> </div> <div class="cmplz-links cmplz-information"> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-options cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">Manage options</a> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-third-parties cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-cookies-overview">Manage services</a> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-vendors tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-tcf-wrapper">Manage {vendor_count} vendors</a> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-external cmplz-read-more-purposes tcf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://cookiedatabase.org/tcf/purposes/">Read more about these purposes</a> </div> <div class="cmplz-divider cmplz-footer"></div> <div class="cmplz-buttons"> <button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-accept">Accept</button> <button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-deny">Deny</button> <button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-view-preferences">View preferences</button> <button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-save-preferences">Save preferences</button> <a class="cmplz-btn cmplz-manage-options tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">View preferences</a> </div> <div class="cmplz-links cmplz-documents"> <a class="cmplz-link cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a> <a class="cmplz-link privacy-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a> <a class="cmplz-link impressum" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a> </div> </div> <div class="cmplz-cookiebanner cmplz-hidden banner-1 banner-a optout cmplz-bottom-right cmplz-categories-type-view-preferences" aria-modal="true" data-nosnippet="true" role="dialog" aria-live="polite" aria-labelledby="cmplz-header-1-optout" aria-describedby="cmplz-message-1-optout"> <div class="cmplz-header"> <div class="cmplz-logo"></div> <div class="cmplz-title" id="cmplz-header-1-optout">Manage Consent</div> <div class="cmplz-close" tabindex="0" role="button" aria-label="close-dialog"> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="times" class="svg-inline--fa fa-times fa-w-11" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 352 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M242.72 256l100.07-100.07c12.28-12.28 12.28-32.19 0-44.48l-22.24-22.24c-12.28-12.28-32.19-12.28-44.48 0L176 189.28 75.93 89.21c-12.28-12.28-32.19-12.28-44.48 0L9.21 111.45c-12.28 12.28-12.28 32.19 0 44.48L109.28 256 9.21 356.07c-12.28 12.28-12.28 32.19 0 44.48l22.24 22.24c12.28 12.28 32.2 12.28 44.48 0L176 322.72l100.07 100.07c12.28 12.28 32.2 12.28 44.48 0l22.24-22.24c12.28-12.28 12.28-32.19 0-44.48L242.72 256z"></path></svg> </div> </div> <div class="cmplz-divider cmplz-divider-header"></div> <div class="cmplz-body"> <div class="cmplz-message" id="cmplz-message-1-optout">To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions.</div>  <div class="cmplz-categories"> <details class="cmplz-category cmplz-functional" > <summary> <span class="cmplz-category-header"> <span class="cmplz-category-title">Functional</span> <span class='cmplz-always-active'> <span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="cmplz-functional-optout" data-category="cmplz_functional" class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-functional" size="40" value="1"/> <label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-functional-optout" tabindex="0"><span class="screen-reader-text">Functional</span></label> </span> Always active </span> <span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18" ><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg> </span> </span> </summary> <div class="cmplz-description"> <span class="cmplz-description-functional">The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network.</span> </div> </details> <details class="cmplz-category cmplz-preferences" > <summary> <span class="cmplz-category-header"> <span class="cmplz-category-title">Preferences</span> <span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="cmplz-preferences-optout" data-category="cmplz_preferences" class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-preferences" size="40" value="1"/> <label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-preferences-optout" tabindex="0"><span class="screen-reader-text">Preferences</span></label> </span> <span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18" ><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg> </span> </span> </summary> <div class="cmplz-description"> <span class="cmplz-description-preferences">The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user.</span> </div> </details> <details class="cmplz-category cmplz-statistics" > <summary> <span class="cmplz-category-header"> <span class="cmplz-category-title">Statistics</span> <span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="cmplz-statistics-optout" data-category="cmplz_statistics" class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-statistics" size="40" value="1"/> <label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-statistics-optout" tabindex="0"><span class="screen-reader-text">Statistics</span></label> </span> <span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18" ><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg> </span> </span> </summary> <div class="cmplz-description"> <span class="cmplz-description-statistics">The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes.</span> <span class="cmplz-description-statistics-anonymous">The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.</span> </div> </details> <details class="cmplz-category cmplz-marketing" > <summary> <span class="cmplz-category-header"> <span class="cmplz-category-title">Marketing</span> <span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" id="cmplz-marketing-optout" data-category="cmplz_marketing" class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-marketing" size="40" value="1"/> <label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-marketing-optout" tabindex="0"><span class="screen-reader-text">Marketing</span></label> </span> <span class="cmplz-icon cmplz-open"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18" ><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg> </span> </span> </summary> <div class="cmplz-description"> <span class="cmplz-description-marketing">The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.</span> </div> </details> </div> </div> <div class="cmplz-links cmplz-information"> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-options cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">Manage options</a> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-third-parties cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-cookies-overview">Manage services</a> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-vendors tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-tcf-wrapper">Manage {vendor_count} vendors</a> <a class="cmplz-link cmplz-external cmplz-read-more-purposes tcf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" 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