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processor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ultra-threaded_dispatch_processor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Texturing_and_anti-aliasing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Texturing_and_anti-aliasing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Texturing and anti-aliasing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Texturing_and_anti-aliasing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memory_controllers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memory_controllers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Memory controllers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memory_controllers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Half-generation_update" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Half-generation_update"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Half-generation update</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Half-generation_update-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Video_cards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Video_cards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Video cards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Video_cards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TeraScale_2_(VLIW5)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TeraScale_2_(VLIW5)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-TeraScale_2_(VLIW5)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle TeraScale 2 (VLIW5) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-TeraScale_2_(VLIW5)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Memory_controller" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memory_controller"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Memory controller</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memory_controller-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Power_saving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Power_saving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Power saving</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Power_saving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chips" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chips"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Chips</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chips-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> 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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chips_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Chips</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chips_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Successor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Successor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Successor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Successor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_of_TeraScale_chips" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_of_TeraScale_chips"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Comparison of TeraScale chips</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_of_TeraScale_chips-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22TeraScale%22+microarchitecture">"TeraScale" microarchitecture</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22TeraScale%22+microarchitecture+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22TeraScale%22+microarchitecture&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22TeraScale%22+microarchitecture+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22TeraScale%22+microarchitecture">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22TeraScale%22+microarchitecture&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>TeraScale</b> is the codename for a family of <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">graphics processing unit</a> <a href="/wiki/Microarchitecture" title="Microarchitecture">microarchitectures</a> developed by <a href="/wiki/ATI_Technologies" title="ATI Technologies">ATI Technologies</a>/<a href="/wiki/Advanced_Micro_Devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Micro Devices">AMD</a> and their second <a href="/wiki/Microarchitecture" title="Microarchitecture">microarchitecture</a> implementing the <a href="/wiki/Unified_shader_model" title="Unified shader model">unified shader model</a> following <i><a href="/wiki/Xenos_(graphics_chip)" title="Xenos (graphics chip)">Xenos</a></i>. TeraScale replaced the old <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_(computing)" title="Pipeline (computing)">fixed-pipeline</a> microarchitectures and competed directly with Nvidia's first unified shader microarchitecture named <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(microarchitecture)" title="Tesla (microarchitecture)">Tesla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>TeraScale was used in <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_2000_series" title="Radeon HD 2000 series">Radeon HD 2000</a> manufactured in 80 nm and <a href="/wiki/65_nm_process" title="65 nm process">65 nm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_3000_series" title="Radeon HD 3000 series">Radeon HD 3000</a> manufactured in 65 nm and 55 nm, <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_4000_series" title="Radeon HD 4000 series">Radeon HD 4000</a> manufactured in 55 nm and 40 nm, <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_5000_series" title="Radeon HD 5000 series">Radeon HD 5000</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_6000_series" title="Radeon HD 6000 series">Radeon HD 6000</a> manufactured in 40 nm. TeraScale was also used in the <a href="/wiki/AMD_Accelerated_Processing_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="AMD Accelerated Processing Unit">AMD Accelerated Processing Units</a> code-named "Brazos", "Llano", "Trinity" and "Richland". TeraScale is even found in some of the succeeding graphics cards brands. </p><p>TeraScale is a <a href="/wiki/Very_long_instruction_word" title="Very long instruction word">VLIW</a> <a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Single instruction, multiple data">SIMD</a> architecture, while Tesla is a <a href="/wiki/Reduced_instruction_set_computer" title="Reduced instruction set computer">RISC</a> SIMD architecture, similar to TeraScale's successor <a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next" title="Graphics Core Next">Graphics Core Next</a>. TeraScale implements <a href="/wiki/HyperZ" title="HyperZ">HyperZ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An LLVM code generator (i.e. a compiler back-end) is available for TeraScale,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it seems to be missing in LLVM's matrix.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> E.g. <a href="/wiki/Mesa_(computer_graphics)" title="Mesa (computer graphics)">Mesa 3D</a> makes use of it. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TeraScale_1_(VLIW)"><span id="TeraScale_1_.28VLIW.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="first"></span><span class="anchor" id="1.0"></span><span class="anchor" id="1"></span>TeraScale 1 (VLIW)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: TeraScale 1 (VLIW)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">TeraScale 1</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data">May 2007<span class="noprint">; 17 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">May 2007</span>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-size:105%;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data">Not publicly known<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#second">TeraScale 2</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-size:105%;">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Unsupported</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>At <a href="/wiki/SIGGRAPH" title="SIGGRAPH">SIGGRAPH 08</a> in December 2008, <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Micro_Devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Micro Devices">AMD</a> employee Mike Houston described some of the TeraScale microarchitecture.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At <a href="/wiki/FOSDEM" title="FOSDEM">FOSDEM09</a> Matthias Hopf from AMDs technology partner <a href="/wiki/SUSE_S.A." title="SUSE S.A.">SUSE Linux</a> presented a slide regarding the programming of <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_graphics_device_driver#ATI/AMD" title="Free and open-source graphics device driver">open-source driver</a> for the R600.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unified_shaders">Unified shaders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Unified shaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Very_long_instruction_word" title="Very long instruction word">Very long instruction word</a></div> <p>Previous GPU architectures implemented fixed-pipelines, i.e. there were distinct shader processors for each type of <a href="/wiki/Shader" title="Shader">shader</a>. TeraScale leverages many flexible shader processors which can be scheduled to process a variety of shader types, thereby significantly increasing GPU throughput (dependent on application instruction mix as noted below). The R600 core processes vertex, geometry, and pixel shaders as outlined by the <a href="/wiki/Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D</a> 10.0 specification for <a href="/wiki/High-Level_Shader_Language" title="High-Level Shader Language">Shader Model</a> 4.0 in addition to full <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> 3.0 support.<sup id="cite_ref-OpenGL3.0_support_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpenGL3.0_support-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new unified shader functionality is based upon a <a href="/wiki/Very_long_instruction_word" title="Very long instruction word">very long instruction word</a> (VLIW) architecture in which the core executes operations in parallel.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A shader cluster is organized into 5 stream processing units. Each stream processing unit can retire a finished single precision floating point MAD (or ADD or MUL) instruction per clock, <a href="/wiki/Dot_product" title="Dot product">dot product</a> (DP, and special cased by combining ALUs), and integer ADD.<sup id="cite_ref-B3DR600Arch_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B3DR600Arch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 5th unit is more complex and can additionally handle special <a href="/wiki/Transcendental_function" title="Transcendental function">transcendental functions</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Sine_and_cosine" title="Sine and cosine">sine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sine_and_cosine" title="Sine and cosine">cosine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-B3DR600Arch_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B3DR600Arch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each shader cluster can execute 6 instructions per clock cycle (peak), consisting of 5 shading instructions plus 1 branch.<sup id="cite_ref-B3DR600Arch_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B3DR600Arch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Notably, the VLIW architecture brings with it some classic challenges inherent to VLIW designs, namely that of maintaining optimal instruction flow.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the chip cannot co-issue instructions when one is dependent on the results of the other. Performance of the GPU is highly dependent on the mixture of instructions being used by the application and how well the real-time compiler in the driver can organize said instructions.<sup id="cite_ref-B3DR600Arch_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B3DR600Arch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>R600 core includes 64 shader clusters, while RV610 and RV630 cores have 8 and 24 shader clusters respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardware_tessellation">Hardware tessellation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hardware tessellation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TeraScale includes multiple units capable of carrying out <a href="/wiki/Tessellation_(computer_graphics)" title="Tessellation (computer graphics)">tessellation</a>. Those are similar to the programmable units of the <a href="/wiki/Xenos_(graphics_chip)" title="Xenos (graphics chip)">Xenos GPU</a> which is used in the Xbox 360. </p><p>Tessellation was officially specified in the major API's starting with DirectX 11 and OpenGL 4. TeraScale 1 based GPU's (HD 2000, 3000 and 4000 series) are only conformant to Direct3D 10 and OpenGL 3.3 and implements therefore a different tessellation principle which uses vendor specific API extensions.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The TeraScale 2 based GPU's (starting with the <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_5000_series" title="Radeon HD 5000 series">Radeon HD 5000 series</a>) were the first to conform with both Direct3D 11 and OpenGL 4.0 tesselation technique.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the TeraScale 1 tessellator is simpler in design, it is described by AMD as a subset of the later tesselation standard.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The TeraScale tessellator units allow the developers to take a simple polygon mesh and subdivide it using a curved surface evaluation function. There are different tessellation forms, such as <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9zier_surface" title="Bézier surface">Bézier surfaces</a> with <a href="/wiki/ATI_TruForm" title="ATI TruForm">N-patches</a>, <a href="/wiki/B-spline" title="B-spline">B-splines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Non-uniform_rational_B-spline" title="Non-uniform rational B-spline">NURBS</a>, and also some subdivision techniques of the surface, which usually includes <a href="/wiki/Displacement_mapping" title="Displacement mapping">displacement map</a> some kind of a texture.<sup id="cite_ref-ExtremeTech1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ExtremeTech1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Essentially, this allows a simple, low-polygon model to be increased dramatically in polygon density in real-time with very small impact on the performance. Scott Wasson of Tech Report noted during an AMD demo that the resulting model was so dense with millions of polygons that it appeared to be solid.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The TeraScale tessellator is reminiscent of <i><a href="/wiki/ATI_TruForm" title="ATI TruForm">ATI TruForm</a></i>, the brand name of an early hardware tessellation unit used initially in the <a href="/wiki/Radeon_R200_series" title="Radeon R200 series">Radeon 8500</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AnandTruform_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnandTruform-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/ATI_TruForm" title="ATI TruForm">ATI TruForm</a></i> received little attention from software developers. A few games (such as <a href="/wiki/Madden_NFL_2004" title="Madden NFL 2004">Madden NFL 2004</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serious_Sam" title="Serious Sam">Serious Sam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Tournament_2003" title="Unreal Tournament 2003">Unreal Tournament 2003</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Tournament_2004" title="Unreal Tournament 2004">2004</a>, and unofficially <a href="/wiki/The_Elder_Scrolls_III:_Morrowind" title="The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind">Morrowind</a>), had the support for the ATI's tesselation technology included. Such a slow adaptation has to do with the fact that it was not a feature shared with NVIDIA GPUs, since those had implemented a competing tessellation solution using Quintic-RT patches which had achieved even less support from the major game developers.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the Xbox 360's GPU is based on the ATI's architecture, Microsoft saw the hardware-accelerated surface tessellation as a major GPU feature. A couple of years later the tesselation feature became mandatory with the release of the DirectX 11 in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-ExtremeTech1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ExtremeTech1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-XNA1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XNA1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the tessellation principle introduced with TeraScale was not part of the OpenGL 3.3 or Direct3D 10.0 requirements, and competitors such as the <a href="/wiki/GeForce_8_series" title="GeForce 8 series">GeForce 8 series</a> lacked similar hardware, Microsoft has added the tessellation feature as part of their DirectX 10.1 future plans.<sup id="cite_ref-XNA1_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XNA1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, Microsoft introduced tessellation as a required capability not with DirectX 10.1 but DirectX 11.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#Geometric_processor" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN geometric processor</a> is AMD's (which acquired the ATI's GPU business) most current solution for carrying out tessellation using the GPU. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ultra-threaded_dispatch_processor">Ultra-threaded dispatch processor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ultra-threaded dispatch processor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the R600 is a significant departure from previous designs, it still shares many features with its predecessor, the <a href="/wiki/Radeon_X1000_series#Architecture" title="Radeon X1000 series">Radeon R520</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Ultra-Threaded Dispatch Processor</i> is a major architectural component of the R600 core, just as it was with the Radeon X1000 GPUs. This processor manages a large number of in-flight threads of three distinct types (vertex, geometry, and pixel shaders) and switches amongst them as needed.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a large number of threads being managed simultaneously it is possible to reorganize thread order to optimally utilize the shaders. In other words, the dispatch processor evaluates what goes in the other parts of the R600 and attempts to keep processing efficiency as high as possible. There are lower levels of management as well; each SIMD array of 80 stream processors has its own sequencer and arbiter. The arbiter decides which thread to process next, while the sequencer attempts to reorder instructions for best possible performance within each thread.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Texturing_and_anti-aliasing">Texturing and anti-aliasing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Texturing and anti-aliasing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Texturing and final output aboard the R600 core is similar but also distinct from R580. R600 is equipped with 4 texture units that are decoupled (independent) from the shader core, like in the R520 and R580 GPUs.<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The render output units (ROPs) of Radeon HD 2000 series now performs the task of <a href="/wiki/Multisample_anti-aliasing" title="Multisample anti-aliasing">Multisample anti-aliasing</a> (MSAA) with programmable sample grids and maximum of 8 sample points, instead of using pixel shaders as in the <a href="/wiki/Radeon_X1000_series" title="Radeon X1000 series">Radeon X1000 series</a>. Also new is the capability to filter FP16 textures, popular with <a href="/wiki/High-dynamic-range_rendering" title="High-dynamic-range rendering">HDR</a> lighting, at full-speed. ROP can also perform <a href="/wiki/Trilinear_filtering" title="Trilinear filtering">trilinear</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anisotropic_filtering" title="Anisotropic filtering">anisotropic filtering</a> on all texture formats. On R600, this totals 16 pixels per clock for FP16 textures, while higher precision FP32 textures filter at half-speed (8 pixels per clock).<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anti-aliasing capabilities are more robust on R600 than on the R520 series. In addition to the ability to perform 8× MSAA, up from 6× MSAA on the R300 through R580, R600 has a new <i>custom filter anti-aliasing</i> (CFAA) mode. CFAA refers to an implementation of non-box filters that look at pixels around the particular pixel being processed in order to calculate the final color and anti-alias the image.<sup id="cite_ref-B3DR600Arch_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B3DR600Arch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CFAA is performed by shader, instead of in the ROPs. This brings greatly enhanced programmability because the filters can be customized, but may also bring potential performance issues because of the use of shader resources. As of launch of R600, CFAA utilizes wide and narrow tent filters. With these, samples from outside the pixel being processed are weighted <a href="/wiki/Linearity" title="Linearity">linearly</a> based upon their distance from the <a href="/wiki/Centroid" title="Centroid">centroid</a> of that pixel, with the linear function adjusted based on the wide or narrow filter chosen.<sup id="cite_ref-B3DR600Arch_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B3DR600Arch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memory_controllers">Memory controllers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Memory controllers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Memory controllers are connected via internal bi-directional ring bus wrapped around the processor. In Radeon HD 2900, it is a 1,024-bit bi-directional ring bus (512-bit read and 512-bit write), with 8 64-bit memory channels for a total bus width of 512-bits on the 2900 XT.;<sup id="cite_ref-TechReportR600_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TechReportR600-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Radeon HD 3800, it is a 512-bit ring bus; in Radeon HD 2600 and HD 3600, it is a 256-bit ring bus; In Radeon HD 2400 and HD 3400, there is no ring bus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Half-generation_update">Half-generation update</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Half-generation update"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The series saw a half-generation update with <a href="/wiki/Die_shrink" title="Die shrink">die shrink</a> (55 nm) variants: RV670, RV635 and RV620. All variants support PCI Express 2.0, <a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> 10.1 with Shader Model 4.1 features, dedicated ATI <a href="/wiki/Unified_Video_Decoder" title="Unified Video Decoder">Unified Video Decoder</a> (UVD) for all models<sup id="cite_ref-vrzone-070822_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vrzone-070822-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/AMD_PowerPlay" title="AMD PowerPlay">PowerPlay technology</a> for desktop video cards.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Except the Radeon HD 3800 series, all variants supported 2 integrated DisplayPort outputs, supporting 24- and 30-bit displays for resolutions up to 2,560×1,600. Each output included 1, 2, or 4 lanes per output, with data rate up to 2.7 Gbit/s per lane. </p><p>ATI claimed that the support of DirectX 10.1 can bring improved performance and processing efficiency with reduced rounding error (0.5 <a href="/wiki/Unit_in_the_last_place" title="Unit in the last place">ULP</a> compared with average error 1.0 ULP as tolerable error), better image details and quality, <a href="/wiki/Global_illumination" title="Global illumination">global illumination</a> (a technique used in animated films, and more improvements to consumer gaming systems therefore giving more realistic gaming experience.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_cards">Video cards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Video cards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_2000_series" title="Radeon HD 2000 series">Radeon HD 2000 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_3000_series" title="Radeon HD 3000 series">Radeon HD 3000 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_4000_series" title="Radeon HD 4000 series">Radeon HD 4000 series</a></li></ul> <p>(see list of chips in those pages) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TeraScale_2_(VLIW5)"><span id="TeraScale_2_.28VLIW5.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="TeraScale_2"></span><span class="anchor" id="second"></span><span class="anchor" id="2"></span><span class="anchor" id="2.0"></span>TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: TeraScale 2 (VLIW5)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">TeraScale 2</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data">September 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">September 2009</span>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-size:105%;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#first">TeraScale 1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#third">TeraScale 3</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-size:105%;">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Unsupported</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>TeraScale 2 (VLIW5) was introduced with <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_5000_series" title="Radeon HD 5000 series">Radeon HD 5000 series</a> GPUs in "Evergreen" generation. </p><p>At <a href="/w/index.php?title=High-Performance_Graphics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High-Performance Graphics (page does not exist)">HPG10</a> Mark Fowler presented the "Evergreen" and stated that e.g. 5870 (Cypress), 5770 (Juniper) and 5670 (Redwood) support max resolution of the 6 times 2560×1600 pixels, while the 5470 (Cedar) supports 4 times 2560×1600 pixels, important for <a href="/wiki/AMD_Eyefinity" title="AMD Eyefinity">AMD Eyefinity</a> <a href="/wiki/Multi-monitor" title="Multi-monitor">multi-monitor</a> support.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the release of <i>Cypress</i>, the <i>Terascale graphics engine</i> architecture has been upgraded with twice the number of stream cores, texture units and ROP units compared to the RV770. The architecture of stream cores is largely unchanged, but adds support for DirectX 11/<a href="/wiki/DirectCompute" title="DirectCompute">DirectCompute</a> 11 capabilities with new instructions.<sup id="cite_ref-xbitlabs_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xbitlabs-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also similar to RV770, four texture units are tied to 16 stream cores (each have five processing elements, making a total of 80 processing elements). This combination of is referred to as a <i>SIMD core</i>. </p><p>Unlike the predecessor <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_4000_series" title="Radeon HD 4000 series">Radeon R700</a>, as DirectX 11 mandates full developer control over interpolation, dedicated interpolators were removed, relying instead on the SIMD cores. The stream cores can handle the higher rounding precision <a href="/wiki/Multiply%E2%80%93accumulate_operation#Fused_multiply–add" title="Multiply–accumulate operation">fused multiply–add</a> (FMA) instruction in both single and double precision which increases precision over <a href="/wiki/Multiply%E2%80%93accumulate_operation" title="Multiply–accumulate operation">multiply–add</a> (MAD) and is compliant to <a href="/wiki/IEEE_754-2008_revision" title="IEEE 754-2008 revision">IEEE 754-2008</a> standard.<sup id="cite_ref-BeHardware_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BeHardware-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The instruction <a href="/wiki/Sum_of_absolute_differences" title="Sum of absolute differences">sum of absolute differences</a> (SAD) has been natively added to the processors. This instruction can be used to greatly improve the performance of some processes, such as video encoding and transcoding on the 3D engine. Each SIMD core is equipped with 32 KiB local data share and 8 kiB of L1 cache,<sup id="cite_ref-xbitlabs_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xbitlabs-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while all SIMD cores share 64 KiB global data share. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memory_controller">Memory controller</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Memory controller"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each <a href="/wiki/Memory_controller" title="Memory controller">memory controller</a> ties to two quad <a href="/wiki/Render_output_unit" title="Render output unit">ROPs</a>, one per 64-bit channel, and dedicated 512 KiB L2 cache.<sup id="cite_ref-xbitlabs_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xbitlabs-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_saving">Power saving</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Power saving"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/AMD_PowerPlay" title="AMD PowerPlay">AMD PowerPlay</a></div> <p>AMD PowerPlay is supported, see there. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chips">Chips</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Chips"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Evergreen chips: <ul><li>Cedar RV810</li> <li>Cypress RV870</li> <li>Hemlock R800</li> <li>Juniper RV840</li> <li>Redwood RV830</li></ul></li> <li>Northern Islands chips: <ul><li>Barts RV940</li> <li>Caicos RV910</li> <li>Turks RV930</li></ul></li> <li>APU that include a TeraScale 2 IGP: <ul><li>Llano</li> <li>Ontario</li> <li>Zacate</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TeraScale_3_(VLIW4)"><span id="TeraScale_3_.28VLIW4.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="TeraScale_3"></span><span class="anchor" id="third"></span><span class="anchor" id="3"></span><span class="anchor" id="3.0"></span>TeraScale 3 (VLIW4)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: TeraScale 3 (VLIW4)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">TeraScale 3</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data">October 2010<span class="noprint">; 14 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">October 2010</span>)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-size:105%;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#second">TeraScale 2</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.25em;line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#first" title="Graphics Core Next">Graphics Core Next 1</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="font-size:105%;">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Unsupported</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>TeraScale 3 (VLIW4) replaces the previous 5-way VLIW designs with a 4-way VLIW design. The new design also incorporates an additional tessellation unit to improve Direct3D 11 performance. </p><p>TeraScale 3 is introduced in the <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_6000_series#Radeon_HD_6900" title="Radeon HD 6000 series">Radeon HD 6900</a>-branded graphics cards and also implemented in the <a href="/wiki/AMD_Accelerated_Processing_Unit#Piledriver_architecture_(2012):_Trinity_and_Richland" class="mw-redirect" title="AMD Accelerated Processing Unit">Trinity and Richland</a> APUs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Power_saving_2">Power saving</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Power saving"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg/220px-AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg/330px-AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg/440px-AMD_PowerTune_Bonaire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Architecture of a newer version of PowerTune introduced with <a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#1.1" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN1.1</a>-chips</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/AMD_PowerTune" title="AMD PowerTune">AMD PowerTune</a></div> <p>AMD PowerTune, <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_frequency_scaling" title="Dynamic frequency scaling">dynamic frequency scaling</a> for GPUs, was introduced with the <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_6000_series#Radeon_HD_6900" title="Radeon HD 6000 series">Radeon HD 6900</a> series on December 15, 2010 and has seen continued development, as documented in some reviews by <a href="/wiki/AnandTech" title="AnandTech">AnandTech</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chips_2">Chips</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Chips"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Northern Islands chips: <ul><li>Cayman RV970</li> <li>Antilles R900</li> <li>Trinity and Richland include a TeraScale 3 IGP</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Successor">Successor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Successor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#first" title="Graphics Core Next">Graphics Core Next 1.0</a></div> <p>At <a href="/w/index.php?title=High-Performance_Graphics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High-Performance Graphics (page does not exist)">HPG11</a> in August 2011 <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Micro_Devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Micro Devices">AMD</a> employees Michael Mantor (Senior Fellow Architect) and Mike Houston (Fellow Architect) presented <a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next" title="Graphics Core Next">Graphics Core Next</a>, the microarchitecture succeeding TeraScale.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_of_TeraScale_chips">Comparison of TeraScale chips</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Comparison of TeraScale chips"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Microarchitecture </th> <th colspan="12">TeraScale 1 </th> <th colspan="7">TeraScale 2 </th> <th>TeraScale 3 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Chip<sup>1</sup> </th> <th>R600 </th> <th>RV610 </th> <th>RV620 </th> <th>RV630 </th> <th>RV635 </th> <th>RV670 </th> <th>RV710 </th> <th>RV711 </th> <th>RV730 </th> <th>RV740 </th> <th>RV770 </th> <th>RV790 </th> <th>Cedar<br />(RV810) </th> <th>Redwood<br />(RV830) </th> <th>Juniper<br />(RV840) </th> <th>Cypress<br />(RV870) </th> <th>Caicos<br />(RV910) </th> <th>Turks<br />(RV930) </th> <th>Barts<br />(RV940) </th> <th>Cayman<br />(RV970) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Code_name" title="Code name">Code name</a> </th> <td><i>Pele</i> </td> <td><i>Laka</i> </td> <td><i>Koopa</i> </td> <td><i>Shaka</i> </td> <td><i>Wario</i> </td> <td><i>Boom</i> </td> <td colspan="2"><i>Luigi</i> </td> <td><i>Mario</i> </td> <td><i>Walden</i> </td> <td><i>Wekiva</i> </td> <td><i>Spartan</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td> <td><i>Victoria</i> </td> <td><i>?</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Chip variant(s) </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M72<br />M74 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M82 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M76 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M86 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M88 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M92 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M93 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M96 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M97 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">M98 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Park<br />Robson </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Capilano<br />Madison<br />Pinewood </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Broadway<br />Granville </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Hemlock<br />Lexington </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Seymour </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Onega<br />Thames<br />Whistler </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Blackcomb </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">Antilles </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabrication" title="Semiconductor device fabrication">Fab</a> (nm) </th> <td>80 </td> <td>65 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>65 </td> <td colspan="5">55 </td> <td>40 </td> <td colspan="2">55 </td> <td colspan="8">40 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Die size (mm<sup>2</sup>) </th> <td>420</td> <td>85 / 82 (M74)</td> <td>67</td> <td>153</td> <td>135</td> <td>192</td> <td colspan="2">73</td> <td>146</td> <td>137</td> <td>256</td> <td>282</td> <td>59</td> <td>104</td> <td>166</td> <td>334</td> <td>67</td> <td>118 / 104 (Thames, Whistler)</td> <td>255 / 212 (Blackcomb)</td> <td>389 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Transistors (million) </th> <td>720</td> <td>180</td> <td>181</td> <td>390</td> <td>378</td> <td>666</td> <td colspan="2">242</td> <td>514</td> <td>826</td> <td>956</td> <td>959</td> <td>292</td> <td>627</td> <td>1,040</td> <td>2,154</td> <td>370</td> <td>716</td> <td>1,700</td> <td>2,640 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Transistor density<br />(MTr/mm<sup>2</sup>) </th> <td>1.7</td> <td>2.1 / 2.2 (M74)</td> <td>2.7</td> <td>2.5</td> <td>2.8</td> <td>3.5</td> <td colspan="2">3.3</td> <td>3.5</td> <td>6.0</td> <td>3.7</td> <td>3.4</td> <td>4.9</td> <td>6.0</td> <td>6.3</td> <td>6.4</td> <td>5.5</td> <td>6.1 / 6.9 (Thames, Whistler)</td> <td>6.7 / 8.0 (Blackcomb)</td> <td>6.8 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Compute units </th> <td>4</td> <td colspan="2">2</td> <td colspan="2">3</td> <td>4</td> <td colspan="2">1</td> <td>4</td> <td>8</td> <td colspan="2">10</td> <td>2</td> <td>5</td> <td>10</td> <td>20 / 5 (Lexington)</td> <td>2</td> <td>6</td> <td>14</td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Thread processors </th> <td>16</td> <td colspan="2">4</td> <td colspan="2">8</td> <td>16</td> <td colspan="2">8</td> <td colspan="2">32</td> <td colspan="2">40</td> <td>8</td> <td>20</td> <td>40</td> <td>80 / 20 (Lexington)</td> <td>8</td> <td>24</td> <td>56</td> <td>96 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unified_shader_model" title="Unified shader model">Stream processors</a> </th> <td>320</td> <td colspan="2">40</td> <td colspan="2">120</td> <td>320</td> <td colspan="2">80</td> <td>320</td> <td>640</td> <td colspan="2">800</td> <td>80</td> <td>400</td> <td>800</td> <td>1600 / 400 (Lexington)</td> <td>160</td> <td>480</td> <td>1120</td> <td>1536 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Texture_mapping_unit" title="Texture mapping unit">Texture mapping units</a> </th> <td>16</td> <td colspan="2">4</td> <td colspan="2">8</td> <td>16</td> <td colspan="2">8</td> <td colspan="2">32</td> <td colspan="2">40</td> <td>8</td> <td>20</td> <td>40</td> <td>80 / 20 (Lexington)</td> <td>8</td> <td>24</td> <td>56</td> <td>96 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Render_output_unit" title="Render output unit">Render output units</a> </th> <td>16</td> <td colspan="4">4</td> <td>16</td> <td colspan="2">4</td> <td>8</td> <td colspan="3">16</td> <td>4</td> <td>8</td> <td>16</td> <td>32 / 8 (Lexington)</td> <td>4</td> <td>8</td> <td>32</td> <td>32 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Stencil_buffer" title="Stencil buffer"><abbr title="Z/Stencil render output units">Z/Stencil OPS</abbr></a> </th> <td>32</td> <td colspan="4">8</td> <td>32</td> <td colspan="2">4</td> <td>32</td> <td colspan="3">64</td> <td>4</td> <td colspan="3">40</td> <td>16</td> <td>32</td> <td>40</td> <td>128 </td></tr> <tr> <th>L1 <a href="/wiki/Cache_(computing)#Examples_of_hardware_caches" title="Cache (computing)">cache</a> (KB) </th> <td colspan="6">32 per 4 SPs (Stream processors)</td> <td colspan="6">16 per CU (Compute unit)</td> <td colspan="8">8 per CU </td></tr> <tr> <th>L2 cache (KB) </th> <td>256</td> <td>32</td> <td colspan="2">64</td> <td>128</td> <td>256</td> <td colspan="2">64</td> <td colspan="2">128</td> <td colspan="2">256</td> <td>128</td> <td colspan="2">256</td> <td>512 / 256 (Lexington)</td> <td>128</td> <td>256</td> <td colspan="2">512 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Display Core Engine </th> <td colspan="2">2.0</td> <td>3.0</td> <td>2.0</td> <td>3.0</td> <td>2.0</td> <td colspan="4">3.2</td> <td colspan="2">3.1</td> <td colspan="4">4.0</td> <td colspan="4">5.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unified_Video_Decoder" title="Unified Video Decoder">Unified Video Decoder</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/ATI_Avivo" title="ATI Avivo">Avivo HD</a></td> <td colspan="5">1.0</td> <td colspan="4">2.2</td> <td colspan="2">2.0</td> <td colspan="4">2.3</td> <td colspan="4">3.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Initial launch </th> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-05-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 2007</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 2007</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 2008</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-06-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 2007</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 2008</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-11-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 2007</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-09-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Sep 2008</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-05-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 2010</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-09-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Sep 2008</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 2009</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-06-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jun 2008</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-04-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 2009</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-02-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 2010</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 2010</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-10-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 2009</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-09-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Sep 2009</span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span data-sort-value="000000002011-02-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 2011</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-10-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 2010</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-12-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Dec 2010</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Series </th> <td colspan="6">R600 (<a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_2000_series" title="Radeon HD 2000 series">Radeon HD 2000</a> / <a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_3000_series" title="Radeon HD 3000 series">Radeon HD 3000</a>) </td> <td colspan="6">R700 (<a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_4000_series" title="Radeon HD 4000 series">Radeon HD 4000</a>) </td> <td colspan="4">Evergreen (<a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_5000_series" title="Radeon HD 5000 series">Radeon HD 5000</a>) </td> <td colspan="4">Northern Islands (<a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_6000_series" title="Radeon HD 6000 series">Radeon HD 6000</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>References </th> <td><sup id="cite_ref-R600-techpowerup_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R600-techpowerup-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-R600-videocardz_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R600-videocardz-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV610-techpowerup_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV610-techpowerup-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV610-videocardz_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV610-videocardz-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M72-techpowerup_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M72-techpowerup-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-M74-techpowerup_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M74-techpowerup-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV620-techpowerup_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV620-techpowerup-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV620-videocardz_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV620-videocardz-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M82-techpowerup_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M82-techpowerup-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV630-techpowerup_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV630-techpowerup-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV630-videocardz_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV630-videocardz-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M76-techpowerup_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M76-techpowerup-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV635-techpowerup_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV635-techpowerup-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV635-videocardz_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV635-videocardz-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M86-techpowerup_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M86-techpowerup-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV670-techpowerup_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV670-techpowerup-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV670-videocardz_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV670-videocardz-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M88-techpowerup_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M88-techpowerup-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV710-techpowerup_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV710-techpowerup-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV710-videocardz_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV710-videocardz-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M92-techpowerup_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M92-techpowerup-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RG220-gpuzoo_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RG220-gpuzoo-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M93-techpowerup_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M93-techpowerup-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV730-techpowerup_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV730-techpowerup-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV730-videocardz_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV730-videocardz-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M96-techpowerup_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M96-techpowerup-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV740-techpowerup_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV740-techpowerup-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV740-videocardz_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV740-videocardz-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M97-techpowerup_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M97-techpowerup-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV770-techpowerup_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV770-techpowerup-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV770-videocardz_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV770-videocardz-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-M98-techpowerup_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M98-techpowerup-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-RV790-techpowerup_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV790-techpowerup-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RV790-videocardz_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RV790-videocardz-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-cedar-techpowerup_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cedar-techpowerup-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cedar-videocardz_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cedar-videocardz-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-park-techpowerup_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-park-techpowerup-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-robson-techpowerup_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-robson-techpowerup-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-redwood-techpowerup_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-redwood-techpowerup-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-redwood-videocardz_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-redwood-videocardz-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-capilano-techpowerup_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capilano-techpowerup-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-madison-techpowerup_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madison-techpowerup-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pinewood-techpowerup_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinewood-techpowerup-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-juniper-techpowerup_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-juniper-techpowerup-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-broadway-techpowerup_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-broadway-techpowerup-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-granville-techpowerup_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-granville-techpowerup-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-cypress-techpowerup_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cypress-techpowerup-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cypress-videocardz_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cypress-videocardz-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-hemlock-techpowerup_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hemlock-techpowerup-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lexington-techpowerup_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexington-techpowerup-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-caicos-techpowerup_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-caicos-techpowerup-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-caicos-videocardz_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-caicos-videocardz-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-seymour-techpowerup_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seymour-techpowerup-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-turks-techpowerup_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turks-techpowerup-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-turks-videocardz_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turks-videocardz-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-onega-techpowerup_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onega-techpowerup-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thames-techpowerup_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thames-techpowerup-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-whistler-techpowerup_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whistler-techpowerup-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-barts-techpowerup_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barts-techpowerup-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-barts-videocardz_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barts-videocardz-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-blackcomb-techpowerup_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blackcomb-techpowerup-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-cayman-techpowerup_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cayman-techpowerup-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cayman-videocardz_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cayman-videocardz-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-antilles-techpowerup_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antilles-techpowerup-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup>1</sup> Duo chips such as R680 (2x RV670) and R700 (2x RV770) are not listed.<sup id="cite_ref-R680-techpowerup_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R680-techpowerup-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HD3870x2-videocardz_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HD3870x2-videocardz-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-R700-techpowerup_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R700-techpowerup-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HD4870x2-videocardz_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HD4870x2-videocardz-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=TeraScale_(microarchitecture)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKevin_Parrish2011" class="citation web cs1">Kevin Parrish (March 9, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tomshardware.com/news/Radeon-HD-6990-DirectX-11-Dual-BIOS-TeraScale-3-dual-GPU,12351.html">"The TeraScale 3 architecture of the HD 6990"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tom%27s_Hardware" title="Tom's Hardware">Tom's Hardware</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+RV610+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-rv610.g55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV610-videocardz-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV610-videocardz_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/ati-rv610">"ATI RV610 GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+M72+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-m72.g260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-M74-techpowerup-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-M74-techpowerup_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-m74.g660">"ATI M74 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+M74+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-m74.g660&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV620-techpowerup-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV620-techpowerup_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-rv620.g63">"ATI RV620 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+RV730+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-rv730.g70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV730-videocardz-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV730-videocardz_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/ati-rv730">"ATI RV730 GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+M96+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-m96.g124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV740-techpowerup-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV740-techpowerup_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-rv740.g95">"ATI RV740 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+RV740+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-rv740.g95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV740-videocardz-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV740-videocardz_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/ati-rv740">"ATI RV740 GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VideoCardz&rft.atitle=ATI+RV740+GPU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideocardz.net%2Fgpu%2Fati-rv740&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-M97-techpowerup-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-M97-techpowerup_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-m97.g276">"ATI M97 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+M97+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-m97.g276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV770-techpowerup-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV770-techpowerup_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-rv770.g62">"ATI RV770 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+M98+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-m98.g277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RV790-techpowerup-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RV790-techpowerup_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-rv790.g432">"ATI RV790 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+Cedar+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-cedar.g79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cedar-videocardz-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cedar-videocardz_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/ati-cedar">"ATI Cedar GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Broadway+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-broadway.g107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-granville-techpowerup-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-granville-techpowerup_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-granville.g102">"AMD Granville GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Granville+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Famd-granville.g102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cypress-techpowerup-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cypress-techpowerup_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-cypress.g77">"ATI Cypress GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+Cypress+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-cypress.g77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cypress-videocardz-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cypress-videocardz_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/ati-cypress">"ATI Cypress GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VideoCardz&rft.atitle=ATI+Cypress+GPU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideocardz.net%2Fgpu%2Fati-cypress&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hemlock-techpowerup-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hemlock-techpowerup_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-hemlock.g78">"ATI Hemlock GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+Hemlock+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-hemlock.g78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lexington-techpowerup-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lexington-techpowerup_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-lexington.g867">"AMD Lexington GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Lexington+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Famd-lexington.g867&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-caicos-techpowerup-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-caicos-techpowerup_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-caicos.g114">"AMD Caicos GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Caicos+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Famd-caicos.g114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-caicos-videocardz-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-caicos-videocardz_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/amd-caicos">"AMD Caicos GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VideoCardz&rft.atitle=AMD+Caicos+GPU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideocardz.net%2Fgpu%2Famd-caicos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-seymour-techpowerup-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-seymour-techpowerup_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-seymour.g105">"AMD Seymour GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Seymour+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Famd-seymour.g105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turks-techpowerup-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turks-techpowerup_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-turks.g92">"AMD Turks GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Turks+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Famd-turks.g92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turks-videocardz-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turks-videocardz_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/gpu/ati-turks">"ATI Turks GPU"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VideoCardz&rft.atitle=ATI+Turks+GPU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideocardz.net%2Fgpu%2Fati-turks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-onega-techpowerup-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-onega-techpowerup_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-onega.g377">"AMD Onega GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 22,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=AMD+Onega+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Famd-onega.g377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thames-techpowerup-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thames-techpowerup_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/amd-thames.g197">"AMD Thames GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VideoCardz&rft.atitle=ATI+Radeon+HD+3870+X2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideocardz.net%2Fati-radeon-hd-3870-x2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-R700-techpowerup-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-R700-techpowerup_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techpowerup.com/gpu-specs/ati-r700.g645">"ATI R700 GPU Specs"</a>. <i>TechPowerUp</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechPowerUp&rft.atitle=ATI+R700+GPU+Specs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techpowerup.com%2Fgpu-specs%2Fati-r700.g645&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeraScale+%28microarchitecture%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HD4870x2-videocardz-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HD4870x2-videocardz_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videocardz.net/ati-radeon-hd-4870-x2">"ATI Radeon HD 4870 X2"</a>. <i>VideoCardz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AMD_graphics" title="Template:AMD graphics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AMD_graphics" title="Template talk:AMD graphics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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href="/wiki/List_of_AMD_processors_with_3D_graphics" title="List of AMD processors with 3D graphics">List of APUs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:AMD_APU_features" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:AMD APU features">APU features template</a>)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fixed pipeline</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATI_Wonder" title="ATI Wonder">Wonder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATI_Mach" title="ATI Mach">Mach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATI_Rage" title="ATI Rage">Rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-in-Wonder" title="All-in-Wonder">All-in-Wonder</a> (before 2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vertex and fragment shaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_R100_series" title="Radeon R100 series">R100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_R200_series" title="Radeon R200 series">R200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_R300_series" title="Radeon R300 series">R300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_R400_series" title="Radeon R400 series">R400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_X1000_series" title="Radeon X1000 series">R500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-in-Wonder" title="All-in-Wonder">All-in-Wonder</a> (after 1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unified_shader_model" title="Unified shader model">Unified shaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="TeraScale" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">TeraScale</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_2000_series" title="Radeon HD 2000 series">HD 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_3000_series" title="Radeon HD 3000 series">HD 3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_4000_series" title="Radeon HD 4000 series">HD 4000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_5000_series" title="Radeon HD 5000 series">HD 5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_6000_series" title="Radeon HD 6000 series">HD 6000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unified shaders & <a href="/wiki/Unified_Memory_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Unified Memory Architecture">memory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_7000_series" title="Radeon HD 7000 series">HD 7000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_HD_8000_series" title="Radeon HD 8000 series">HD 8000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_200_series" title="Radeon 200 series">200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_300_series" title="Radeon 300 series">300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_400_series" title="Radeon 400 series">400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_500_series" title="Radeon 500 series">500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_RX_Vega_series" title="Radeon RX Vega series">RX Vega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_600_series" title="Radeon 600 series">600</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RDNA_(microarchitecture)" title="RDNA (microarchitecture)">RDNA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_RX_5000_series" title="Radeon RX 5000 series">RX 5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_RX_6000_series" title="Radeon RX 6000 series">RX 6000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_RX_7000_series" title="Radeon RX 7000 series">RX 7000</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div id="Current_technologies_and_software" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Current technologies and software</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio/Video acceleration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Video_Decoder" title="Unified Video Decoder">Unified Video Decoder (UVD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Coding_Engine" title="Video Coding Engine">Video Coding Engine (VCE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_Core_Next" title="Video Core Next">Video Core Next (VCN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_TrueAudio" title="AMD TrueAudio">TrueAudio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">GPU technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Eyefinity" title="AMD Eyefinity">Eyefinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeSync" title="FreeSync">FreeSync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_PowerTune" title="AMD PowerTune">PowerTune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_CrossFire" title="AMD CrossFire">CrossFire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Hybrid_Graphics" title="AMD Hybrid Graphics">Hybrid Graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HyperMemory" title="HyperMemory">HyperMemory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HyperZ" title="HyperZ">HyperZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heterogeneous_System_Architecture" title="Heterogeneous System Architecture">HSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RDNA_(microarchitecture)" title="RDNA (microarchitecture)">RDNA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RDNA_2" title="RDNA 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RDNA_3" title="RDNA 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RDNA_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RDNA 4 (page does not exist)">4</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Radeon_Software" class="mw-redirect" title="AMD Radeon Software">AMD Radeon Software</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_HD3D" title="AMD HD3D">HD3D</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROCm" title="ROCm">ROCm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMDGPU" class="mw-redirect" title="AMDGPU">AMDGPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_GPU_PerfStudio" class="mw-redirect" title="AMD GPU PerfStudio">GPU PerfStudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPUOpen" title="GPUOpen">GPUOpen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TressFX" title="TressFX">TressFX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HLSL2GLSL" title="HLSL2GLSL">HLSL2GLSL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_APP_SDK" title="AMD APP SDK">AMD APP SDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Catalyst" class="mw-redirect" title="AMD Catalyst">Catalyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_to_Metal" title="Close to Metal">Close to Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_CodeAnalyst" title="AMD CodeAnalyst">CodeAnalyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(API)" title="Mantle (API)">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CodeXL" title="CodeXL">CodeXL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div id="Other_brands_and_products" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other brands and products</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">Workstations</a> <br />& <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">supercomputers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_Pro" title="Radeon Pro">Radeon Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radeon_Instinct" class="mw-redirect" title="Radeon Instinct">Radeon Instinct</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_FirePro" title="AMD FirePro">FireGL/FirePro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_FireMV" title="AMD FireMV">FireMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD_FireStream" title="AMD FireStream">FireStream</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">Consoles</a><br />& <a href="/wiki/Handheld_PC" title="Handheld PC">handheld PCs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flipper_(graphics_chip)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flipper (graphics chip)">Flipper</a> (<a href="/wiki/GameCube" title="GameCube">GameCube</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenos_(graphics_chip)" title="Xenos (graphics chip)">Xenos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Xbox_360" title="Xbox 360">Xbox 360</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_(graphics_chip)" title="Hollywood (graphics chip)">Hollywood</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wii" title="Wii">Wii</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_2" title="Graphics Core Next">Liverpool</a> (<a href="/wiki/PlayStation_4" title="PlayStation 4">PlayStation 4</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_2" title="Graphics Core Next">Durango</a> (<a href="/wiki/Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_4" title="Graphics Core Next">Neo</a> (<a href="/wiki/PlayStation_4_Pro" class="mw-redirect" title="PlayStation 4 Pro">PlayStation 4 Pro</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_4" title="Graphics Core Next">Scorpio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Xbox_One_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Xbox One X">Xbox One X</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_VCS_(2021_console)" title="Atari VCS (2021 console)">Atari VCS (2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_5" title="PlayStation 5">PlayStation 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox_Series_X_and_Series_S" title="Xbox Series X and Series S">Xbox Series X/S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_Deck" title="Steam Deck">Steam Deck</a></li></ul> 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