Protected Audience API overview | Privacy Sandbox

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data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Private advertising </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </devsite-header> <devsite-book-nav scrollbars > <div class="devsite-book-nav-filter" > <span class="filter-list-icon material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></span> <input type="text" placeholder="Filter" aria-label="Type to filter" role="searchbox"> <span class="filter-clear-button hidden" data-title="Clear filter" aria-label="Clear filter" role="button" tabindex="0"></span> </div> <nav class="devsite-book-nav devsite-nav nocontent" aria-label="Side menu"> <div class="devsite-mobile-header"> <button type="button" id="devsite-close-nav" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Close navigation" aria-label="Close navigation"> </button> <div 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Sandbox </a> </li> </ul> </span> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-book-nav-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-top"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/privacy-sandbox" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/privacy-sandbox/cookies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Cookies" track-name="cookies" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cookies" 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data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Privacy protections" track-name="privacy protections" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Privacy protections" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Privacy protections </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/privacy-sandbox/learn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Learn" track-name="learn" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Learn </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " 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track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>About private advertising</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Start your integration</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/chrome-facilitated-testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/chrome-facilitated-testing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/chrome-facilitated-testing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Chrome-facilitated testing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/relevance-testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/relevance-testing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/web/relevance-testing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Relevance APIs testing guidance</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Android</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up your development environment</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-api-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-api-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-api-access" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure AdServices</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/download" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/download" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/download" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up a device or emulator image</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-device-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-device-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/setup-device-access" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure devices to use Privacy Sandbox on Android</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/troubleshooting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/troubleshooting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/setup/android/troubleshooting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot your setup</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enrollment</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enroll your platform with Privacy Sandbox</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment/faqs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment/faqs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/enrollment/faqs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Frequently asked questions</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ads lifecycle</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-audience" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-audience" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-audience" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Audiences</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-auctions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-auctions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/manage-ad-auctions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Auctions</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/measure-ad-performance" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/measure-ad-performance" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/measure-ad-performance" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Performance</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Topics</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/why-topics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/why-topics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/why-topics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Why do we need Topics</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Topics API for Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Setup</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/implement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/implement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/implement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement Topics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/test-and-go-live" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/test-and-go-live" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/test-and-go-live" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Test & go live</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/tooling" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/tooling" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/tooling" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Tooling</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Customization & opt-out</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/support" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/support" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/web/support" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Support</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-experimental"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Topics API for Android</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="experimental" data-title="Experimental!" aria-hidden="true"></span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/implement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/implement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/implement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement Topics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics/android/controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Customization & opt-out</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Protected Audience</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/feature-status" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/feature-status" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/feature-status" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Status of pending API capabilities</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Experiment</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/ad-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/ad-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/ad-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Seller guide - Run ad auctions</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reporting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Auction reporting</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/guide/reporting-id" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/guide/reporting-id" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/guide/reporting-id" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reporting IDs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/latency" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/latency" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/latency" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Improve auction latency</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reports" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reports" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/reports" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Report on auction results</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sequential-auction-setup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sequential-auction-setup" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sequential-auction-setup" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sequential auction setup with header bidding and multi-seller Protected Audience auction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/troubleshoot" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Troubleshoot</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/opt-out" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/opt-out" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/opt-out" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Opt out</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/k-anonymity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/k-anonymity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/k-anonymity" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>K-anonymity</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/publisher-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/publisher-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/publisher-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Publisher guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/define-audience-data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/define-audience-data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/define-audience-data" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Define audience data</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/update-audience-data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/update-audience-data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/update-audience-data" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Update audience data and refresh ads</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/delegate-audience-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/delegate-audience-management" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/delegate-audience-management" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Delegate audience management to a third-party</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/configure-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/configure-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/configure-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up an ad auction on the publisher's page</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/single-seller-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/single-seller-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/single-seller-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Run a browser based auction with a single seller</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/multi-seller-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/multi-seller-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/multi-seller-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Run a browser based auction with multiple sellers</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/sequential-auction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/sequential-auction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/sequential-auction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sequential auction setup with contextual ad auction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/render-ad" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/render-ad" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/render-ad" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Render an ad</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/bid-in-auction-ad-slot" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/bid-in-auction-ad-slot" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/bid-in-auction-ad-slot" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Bid in an auction to buy an ad slot</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-external"><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b6YlL5CFVfCo6hHMqfOYp2WJNdsBTSvM4eayrmbm7e4/view" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b6YlL5CFVfCo6hHMqfOYp2WJNdsBTSvM4eayrmbm7e4/view" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1b6YlL5CFVfCo6hHMqfOYp2WJNdsBTSvM4eayrmbm7e4/view" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API walkthrough</span><span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="external" data-title="External" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics-in-audiences" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics-in-audiences" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/topics-in-audiences" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use Topics to target an audience</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use cases</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/use-case/deals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/use-case/deals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience-api/use-case/deals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deals</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/pace-ad-delivery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/pace-ad-delivery" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/auction/pace-ad-delivery" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Pace ad delivery by frequency</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Android</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/mediation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/mediation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/mediation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mediation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/frequency-capping" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/frequency-capping" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/frequency-capping" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Frequency capping</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/appinstall-filtering" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/appinstall-filtering" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/appinstall-filtering" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>App install ads filtering</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Protected Audience developer guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/fetch-and-join" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/fetch-and-join" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/fetch-and-join" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Join Custom Audience Delegation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/profiling" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/profiling" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/profiling" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Profile a Protected Audience auction</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/debug-reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/debug-reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/debug-reporting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Debug reporting</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/inspect_audiences_cli" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/inspect_audiences_cli" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/developer-guide/inspect_audiences_cli" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Inspect custom audiences on the command line</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/integration-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/integration-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/integration-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API reference</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Protected App Signals</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Android</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals-developer-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals-developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/protected-app-signals-developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Bidding and Auction services</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-services" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-services" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-integration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-integration" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/protected-audience/android/bidding-and-auction-integration" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration and optimization</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Fenced frames</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/fenced-frame" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/fenced-frame" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/fenced-frame" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Web</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Attribution Reporting</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Web</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-updates" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-updates" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-updates" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API updates</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/chrome-shipping" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/chrome-shipping" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/chrome-shipping" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Why Chrome shipped the Attribution Reporting API</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/system-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/system-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/system-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>System overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Generate summary reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/report-schedules" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/report-schedules" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/report-schedules" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Report schedules</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/constraints" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/constraints" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/constraints" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Constraints</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/dev-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/dev-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/dev-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/getting-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/getting-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/getting-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-source" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-source" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-source" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Register an attribution source</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-trigger" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-trigger" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/register-attribution-trigger" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Register triggers</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/enable-conversion-measurement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/enable-conversion-measurement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/enable-conversion-measurement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enable conversion measurement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/change-attribution-logic" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/change-attribution-logic" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/change-attribution-logic" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Change attribution logic</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/define-filters" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/define-filters" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/define-filters" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Define filters</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/prevent-duplication" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/prevent-duplication" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/prevent-duplication" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Prevent duplication</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/custom-report-windows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/custom-report-windows" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/custom-report-windows" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Custom report windows</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Introduction to debug reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-2" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-2" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-2" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up debug reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-3" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-3" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-debugging/part-3" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Debugging cookbook</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports-intro" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports-intro" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/summary-reports-intro" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Introduction to summary reports</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/contribution-budget" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/contribution-budget" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/contribution-budget" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Contribution budget</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/aggregation-keys" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/aggregation-keys" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/aggregation-keys" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Aggregation keys</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/understanding-noise" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/understanding-noise" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/understanding-noise" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Understand noise</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/working-with-noise" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/working-with-noise" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/working-with-noise" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Work with noise</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/design-decisions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/design-decisions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/design-decisions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Noiselab</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-implementation-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-implementation-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-implementation-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measurement implementation guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-testing-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-testing-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/measurement-testing-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measurement testing guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-data-clearing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-data-clearing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/attribution-reporting-data-clearing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data clearing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross app and web measurement</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Android</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/attribution-app-to-web" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/attribution-app-to-web" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/attribution-app-to-web" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross app and web measurement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/simulation-library" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/simulation-library" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/simulation-library" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measurement Simulation Library</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/developer-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/cross-web-app" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross app and web measurement</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/xna-examples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/xna-examples" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/xna-examples" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross-network attribution examples</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/integration-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/integration-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/attribution-reporting/android/integration-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Integration guide</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox/reference/packages" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>API reference</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Private Aggregation</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Web</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/fundamentals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/fundamentals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/fundamentals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Fundamentals</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/private-aggregation-experiment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/private-aggregation-experiment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/private-aggregation-experiment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Experiment</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use cases</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/unique-reach" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/unique-reach" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/unique-reach" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measure unique reach</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/k-freq-reach" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/k-freq-reach" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/k-freq-reach" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measure K+ frequency reach</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/user-demographics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/user-demographics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/user-demographics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Measure user demographic</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/multi-touch-attribution" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/multi-touch-attribution" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/private-aggregation/multi-touch-attribution" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Multi-touch attribution</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Aggregation Service</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/get-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/get-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get Started</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/coordinators-ags-purpose" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/coordinators-ags-purpose" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/coordinators-ags-purpose" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Coordinator's Purpose In Aggregation Service</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/privacy-protection-report-strategy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/privacy-protection-report-strategy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/privacy-protection-report-strategy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Privacy Protections & Report Strategy</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/operate-ags" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/operate-ags" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/operate-ags" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Operate Aggregation Service</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/receive-store-aggregatable-reports" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/receive-store-aggregatable-reports" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/receive-store-aggregatable-reports" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Receive & Store Aggregatable Reports</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/understand-ags-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/understand-ags-api" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/understand-ags-api" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Understand the API</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/batch-strategies" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/batch-strategies" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/batch-strategies" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Batch Strategies</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/load-testing-framework" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/load-testing-framework" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/load-testing-framework" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Load Testing Framework</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/tos" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/tos" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/aggregation-service/tos" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Terms of Service</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Shared Storage</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Web</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/content-selection" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/content-selection" track-type="bookNav" 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class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/creative-rotation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/creative-rotation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/creative-rotation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Rotate ad creatives</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/creative-selection-by-frequency" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/creative-selection-by-frequency" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/creative-selection-by-frequency" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Select ad creative by frequency</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/ab-testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/ab-testing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/ab-testing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Run A/B testing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/known-customer" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/known-customer" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/known-customer" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Customize experience for known customers</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/try-the-demo" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/try-the-demo" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/try-the-demo" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Try the demo</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/debugging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/debugging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/shared-storage/debugging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Debugging</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>SDK Runtime</span> </div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview for Android</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/ui-presentation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/ui-presentation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/ui-presentation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>UI presentation APIs</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/viewability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/viewability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/viewability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Viewability</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/backward-compatibility" 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/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/key-concepts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/key-concepts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/key-concepts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Key concepts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/dev-environment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/dev-environment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/dev-environment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up your developer environment</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/build-re-sdk" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/build-re-sdk" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/privacy-sandbox/private-advertising/sdk-runtime/developer-guide/build-re-sdk" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build a Runtime-Enabled SDK</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a 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class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build and test</span></a></li></ul></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </devsite-book-nav> <section id="gc-wrapper"> <main role="main" class="devsite-main-content" has-book-nav > <devsite-content> <article class="devsite-article"> <div class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Home </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developers.google.com/privacy-sandbox" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" 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track-metadata-position="header" class="nocontent" disable-product-feedback project-icon="https://developers.google.com/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/privacy-sandbox-logo.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Protected Audience API overview </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <p>On-device ad auctions to serve remarketing and custom audiences, without cross-site third-party tracking.</p> <aside class="note"><b>Update:</b> FLEDGE has been renamed to Protected Audience API. To learn more about the name change, see the <a href="https://privacysandbox.com/intl/en_us/news/protected-audience-api-our-new-name-for-fledge">blog post</a>.</aside> <p><devsite-video video-id="HB0ALd1K2Uc"></devsite-video></p> <h2 id="who_is_this_article_for" data-text="Who is this article for?" tabindex="-1">Who is this article for?</h2> <p>This article covers the basics of the Protected Audience API and explains some underlying concepts, but doesn't go into much technical detail.</p> <ul> <li>If you work in <strong>advertising or ad tech</strong>, you'll get an overview of <a href="#overview">how Protected Audience works</a>.</li> <li>If you're a <strong>developer or software engineer</strong>, the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api">Protected Audience API Developer Guide</a> provides more in-depth technical detail about the API. Read the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/feature-status">latest status of pending Protected Audience capabilities</a>.</li> </ul> <p>Refer to the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary">glossary</a> for terms used across Protected Audience documentation. At the end of this article, you can learn how to <a href="#engage">engage and share feedback</a>.</p> <h2 id="what" data-text="What is the Protected Audience API?" tabindex="-1">What is the Protected Audience API?</h2> <p>The Protected Audience API is a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/overview">Privacy Sandbox</a> technology to serve remarketing and custom audience use cases, designed so third parties cannot track user browsing behavior across sites.</p> <p>The Protected Audience API enables on-device auctions by the browser, to choose relevant ads from websites the user has previously visited.</p> <p>The Protected Audience API is the first experiment to be implemented in Chromium within the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove">TURTLEDOVE</a> family of proposals. The difference between Protected Audience and TURTLEDOVE primarily pertain to separation of the on-device role of the ad buyer and seller. The following sections explain how the Protected Audience API works.</p> <h3 id="overview" data-text="Protected Audience API in one minute" tabindex="-1">Protected Audience API in one minute</h3> <p>For a more in-depth overview of the Protected Audience API, read the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api">Protected Audience API developer guide</a>.</p> <figure> <a href="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/protected-audience-overview.png"> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/protected-audience-overview.png" alt="An overview of each stage of the Protected Audience API lifecycle" width="800" height="366"> </a> <figcaption>The Protected Audience API lifecycle.</figcaption> </figure> <p>The Protected Audience API uses <a href="#interest-group-detail">interest groups</a> to enable sites to display ads that are relevant to their users.</p> <p>For example, when a user visits a site that wants to advertise its products, an interest group <a href="#interest-group-detail">owner</a> (such as a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#dsp">demand-side platform (DSP)</a>) can ask the user's browser to add membership for the interest group. If the request is successful, the browser records:</p> <ul> <li>The <strong>name</strong> of the interest group: for example, 'custom-bikes'.</li> <li>The <strong>owner</strong> of the interest group: for example, 'https://dsp.example'.</li> <li>Interest group <strong>configuration information</strong> to allow the browser to access bidding code, ad code, and real-time data, if the group's owner is invited to bid in an ad auction.</li> </ul> <aside class="note"><b>Note:</b> There are other use cases for interest groups; see the <a href="#interest-group-types">examples of owners and types</a>.</aside> <p>Later, when the user visits a site with available ad space, the ad space seller (a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#ssp">sell-side provider (SSP)</a>, or the site itself) can use Protected Audience to run an ad auction to select the most appropriate ads to display to the user. The seller calls the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.runAdAuction()</code> function, which provides a list of interest group owners who are invited to bid.</p> <p>Bids can only be provided by interest groups that the browser is a member of, whose owners have been invited to bid.</p> <p>Bidding code is retrieved from a URL provided in the interest group's configuration. This code provides data about the interest group and information from the seller, along with contextual data about the page and from the browser.</p> <p>Each interest group providing a bid is known as a buyer.</p> <p>When the browser calls the function to run the ad auction, each buyer's code generates a bid with the help of real-time data provided by their <a href="#key-value-service-detail">Protected Audience Key/Value service</a>. Then, the seller receives these bids as well as seller-owned real-time data and scores each bid. The bid with the highest score wins the auction.</p> <p>The winning ad is displayed in a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/fenced-frame">fenced frame</a>. The ad creative's URL is specified in the bid, and the origin must match one in the list provided by the interest group's configuration.</p> <p>The seller can report the auction outcome (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportResult()</code>), and buyers can report their wins (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportWin()</code>).</p> <p>Learn about <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/reports">Protected Audience auction reports</a>.</p> <h2 id="why" data-text="Why do we need the Protected Audience API?" tabindex="-1">Why do we need the Protected Audience API?</h2> <p>Understanding user interests can enable more relevant ads than just choosing ads based on site content (contextual targeting) or by using information provided by a user to the site on which the ad appears (first-party data targeting).</p> <p>Traditionally, ad platforms have learned about user interests by tracking their behavior across sites. Browsers need a way to enable ad platforms to select relevant ads, so content publishers can get ad revenue without cross-site tracking.</p> <p>The Protected Audience API aims to move the web platform closer to a state where the user's browser on their device—not the advertiser or ad tech platforms—holds information about what that person is interested in.</p> <aside class="caution"><b>Caution:</b> Read the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api">Developer's Guide</a> and <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/feature-status">status of pending Protected Audience capabilities</a> to understand what features are available for testing in Chrome. Protected Audience features will be added over time, and we'll regularly update a list of which features are already implemented and what's still in progress.</aside> <h2 id="try-fledge" data-text="How can I try the Protected Audience API?" tabindex="-1">How can I try the Protected Audience API?</h2> <ul> <li><p>The <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api">Protected Audience API developer guide</a> describes how to use the API and how to test locally.</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://protected-audience-demo.web.app/">protected-audience-demo.web.app</a> provides a walkthrough of a basic Protected Audience deployment across advertiser and publisher sites. The Protected Audience demo video explains how this code works and previews how to use Chrome DevTools for debugging.</p></li> </ul> <p><devsite-video video-id="znDD0gkdJyM"></devsite-video></p> <h3 id="user-controls" data-text="What browser configuration is available?" tabindex="-1">What browser configuration is available?</h3> <p>Users can adjust their participation for Privacy Sandbox trials in Chrome by enabling or disabling the top-level setting in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">chrome://settings/adPrivacy</code>. During initial testing, users can opt out of the Protected Audience API using the Privacy Sandbox settings.</p> <p>Chrome plans to allow users to see and manage the list of interest groups they've been added to across the sites they've visited. As with the Privacy Sandbox technologies, user settings may evolve with feedback from users, regulators, and others.</p> <p>We'll update the available settings in Chrome as the Protected Audience API progresses, <a href="/privacy-sandbox/overview/proposal-lifecycle#testing">based on tests and feedback</a>. In the future, we'll offer more granular settings to manage Protected Audience and associated data.</p> <p>API callers can't access group membership when users browse in Incognito mode, and membership is removed when users clear their site data.</p> <h3 id="opt-out" data-text="Can I opt out of the Protected Audience API?" tabindex="-1">Can I opt out of the Protected Audience API?</h3> <p>Learn how you can <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/opt-out">block access to the Protected Audience API</a>, either as a site owner or as an individual user.</p> <h2 id="key_concepts" data-text="Key concepts" tabindex="-1">Key concepts</h2> <p>Looking for more information on Protected Audience terminology? Refer to the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary">Privacy Sandbox glossary</a>.</p> <h3 id="interest-group-detail" data-text="What is an interest group?" tabindex="-1">What is an interest group?</h3> <p>A Protected Audience API interest group represents a group of people with a common interest, corresponding to a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#remarketing">remarketing</a> list.</p> <p>Every Protected Audience API interest group has an owner. Different types of owners will create different types of interest groups with different use cases.</p> <p>The owner asks the user's browser to add membership of their interest group by calling the JavaScript function <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.joinAdInterestGroup()</code>, providing information such as data about ads relevant to the interest group, and a URL for JavaScript used in bidding. Interest group data (such as the ads) can be updated, and an interest group can be enabled for up to 30 days.</p> <aside class="note"><b>Note:</b> Interest groups are stored in the browser and can make bids in Protected Audience API in-browser auctions, but aren't programmatically 'readable.' In other words, there's nothing like navigator.getAdInterestGroups(), as this would expose cross-site identity.</aside> <h4 id="interest-group-types" data-text="Interest group types" tabindex="-1">Interest group types</h4> <p>The followng table provides examples of different types of Protected Audience API interest groups and owners.</p> <div class="w-table-wrapper"> <table class="w-table--top-align"> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">Owner</th> <th style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">Example</th> <th style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">Interest</th> <th style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">Example</th> <th style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">Use cases</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Advertiser</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Bike maker</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Products</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">People who viewed product pages for a particular category of bike.</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#remarketing" title="Glossary entry for remarketing">Remarketing</a> to people who have previously interacted with the brand.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Publisher</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">News website</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Content</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">People who read about cycling.</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> Publishers can use first-party data to enable advertisers to buy ads that are relevant to readers on their site. A publisher-owned interest group could let publishers do the same even when those people are browsing other sites. Publishers may be able to charge for the ability to show ads to specific segments of their audience.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Ad tech</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">DSP</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">Category of products</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> People who showed an interest in cycling gear. </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> An ad tech company might create and manage an interest group of people they believe are in the market for some category of item. This interest group could then be used to advertise products on sites that sell things in that category (and who work with the ad tech company).</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p>Chrome allows up to 1000 interest groups per owner, and up to 1000 interest group owners. These limits are meant as guard rails, not to be hit in regular operation.</p> <h3 id="what_is_a_buyer" data-text="What is a buyer?" tabindex="-1">What is a buyer?</h3> <p>In the Protected Audience API, a buyer is a party that owns an <a href="#interest-group-detail">interest group</a> and bids in an ad auction.</p> <p>For example:</p> <ul> <li><strong><a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#advertiser">Advertiser</a></strong>: acting for itself.</li> <li><strong><a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#dsp">Demand-side platform</a></strong> (DSP): acting for advertisers.</li> <li><strong>Interest group owner</strong>: working for multiple advertisers.</li> </ul> <p>Buyers have three jobs:</p> <ul> <li>Choose whether to participate in an auction.</li> <li>Choose ads and calculate a bid.</li> <li>Report the auction outcome.</li> </ul> <p>These jobs are done programmatically, in code provided by the buyer that is run during a Protected Audience API ad auction.</p> <p>When a buyer asks a user's browser to add an interest group to the groups it is a member of (by calling the JavaScript function <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.joinAdInterestGroup()</code>) the buyer provides the browser with:</p> <ul> <li>A URL for bidding code, that will be used when the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#seller">seller</a> runs an <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#ad-auction">ad auction</a>.</li> <li>Potentially, URLs for <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#ad-creative">ad creatives</a> for the interest group. (Ad URLs may be added later with an update.)</li> <li>A list of data <a href="#key-value">keys</a> to be queried, and the URL of the buyer's <a href="#key-value-service-detail">Key/Value service</a>, to enable bidding code to get real-time data during an auction.</li> </ul> <p>The buyer's code can also include a <code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportWin()</code> function to report the auction outcome.</p> <p><a id="seller-detail"></a></p> <h3 id="who_runs_an_ad_auction" data-text="Who runs an ad auction?" tabindex="-1">Who runs an ad auction?</h3> <p>There are multiple parties that might run an auction to sell ad space.</p> <p>For example:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Content publisher</strong>: acting for itself to host ad content on its website.</li> <li><strong><a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#ssp">Supply-side platform</a></strong> (SSP): working with the publisher and providing other services.</li> <li><strong>Third-party script</strong>: acting for a publisher, to enable participation in ad auctions.</li> </ul> <p>With the Protected Audience API, an ad space <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#seller">seller</a> has three jobs:</p> <ul> <li>Enforce publisher rules: stating which buyers and which bids are eligible.</li> <li>Run auction logic: JavaScript run in <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#worklet">worklets</a> to calculate a desirability score for each bid.</li> <li>Report the auction outcome.</li> </ul> <p>These jobs are done programmatically, in code provided by the seller when it initiates an ad auction by calling the JavaScript function <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.runAdAuction()</code>.</p> <h3 id="auction-diagram" data-text="How does a Protected Audience API ad auction work?" tabindex="-1">How does a Protected Audience API ad auction work?</h3> <p>The following diagram outlines each stage of a Protected Audience API ad auction:</p> <figure> <a href="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/protected-audience-steps.png"> <img src="/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/protected-audience-steps.png" alt="Six stages in a Protected Audience API ad auction" width="800" height="481"> </a> <figcaption>Protected Audience ad auction stages.</figcaption> </figure> <p>In the Protected Audience API, an ad auction is a collection of small JavaScript programs the browser runs on the user's device to choose an ad. To preserve privacy, all ad auction code from the seller and buyers is run in isolated JavaScript <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#worklet">worklets</a> that can't talk to the outside world.</p> <p>A seller (a publisher or a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#ssp">supply-side platform</a>) initiates a Protected Audience ad auction on a site that sells ad space (such as a news site). The seller chooses buyers to participate in the auction, indicates what space is for sale, and provides additional criteria for the ad. Each buyer is the owner of an interest group.</p> <p>The seller provides the browser with code to score bids, which includes each bid's value, the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#ad-creative">ad creative</a> URL, and other data returned from each buyer. During the auction, bidding code from buyers and bid-scoring code from the seller can receive data from their <a href="#key-value-service-detail">Key/Value services</a>. Once an ad is chosen and displayed (in a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/fenced-frame">fenced frame</a> to preserve privacy) the seller and the winning buyer can report the auction result.</p> <ol> <li>A user visits a site which displays ads.</li> <li>The seller's code starts an auction. The seller specifies which ad space is for sale and who can bid, as well as a method to score those bids.</li> <li>The invited buyer's code executes to generate a bid, URL for a relevant ad creative, and other data. The bidding script can query for real-time data, such as the remaining ad campaign budget, from the buyer's <a href="#key-value-service-detail">Key/Value service</a>.</li> <li>The seller's code scores each bid and selects a winner. This logic uses the bid value and other data to return a bid's desirability and reject an ad that can't beat the contextual ad winner. The seller can use their own <a href="#key-value-service-detail">Key/Value service</a> for real-time data. Before an auction starts, the seller finds the best contextual ad for the available ad slot.</li> <li>The winning ad is returned as a fenced frame config object when the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">resolveToConfig</code> flag is set in the auction config. The config is used to navigate the fenced frame to the ad creative, and the URL of the creative is hidden from both the seller and the publisher. If the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">resolveToConfig</code> flag is set to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">false</code> or not passed in, the winning ad is returned as an opaque <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Name">URN</a> that can be used to render the ad in an iframe. The fenced frame config object is available starting from M114.</li> <li>The auction is reported to the seller and winning buyers. <aside class="note"><b>Note:</b> The seller's <code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportResult()</code> and buyer's <code translate="no" dir="ltr">reportWin()</code> can include a call to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">sendReportTo()</code>. This is available <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#5-event-level-reporting-for-now">temporarily</a>, until aggregate reporting is available with <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/private-aggregation">Private Aggregation</a>.</li> </ol> <p>A reporting mechanism for losing buyers is <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#54-losing-bidder-reporting">under discussion</a>.</aside></p> <h3 id="key-value-service-detail" data-text="What is a Protected Audience API Key/Value service?" tabindex="-1">What is a Protected Audience API Key/Value service?</h3> <p>The Protected Audience API Key/Value service allows ad techs to query for real-time data when a bid is made by the buyer, and for sellers to score ads while preserving privacy. You can read about the Protected Audience API Key/Value service and others in <a href="/privacy-sandbox/blog/fledge-service-overview">Protected Audience API services</a>.</p> <p>The Key/Value service is deployed to the ad tech's own cloud infrastructure, and the service runs in a <a href="/privacy-sandbox/resources/glossary#tee">trusted execution environment</a>. A request to a Key/Value service cannot result in event-level logging or have other side effects. The Key/Value service will also support <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE_Key_Value_Server_trust_model.md#support-for-user-defined-functions-udfs">user-defined functions (UDFs)</a> that allow ad techs to execute their own custom logic within the Key/Value service.</p> <p><a id="key-value"></a> A buyer or seller provides a list of 'keys' to specify the data they require from a Protected Audience API Key/Value service. The Key/Value service responds with a value for each key.</p> <p>The Protected Audience API Key/Value service code is now available in a <a href="https://github.com/privacysandbox/fledge-key-value-service">Privacy Sandbox GitHub repository</a>. This service can be used by Chrome and Android developers.</p> <p>Learn more about the Protected Audience API Key/Value service from the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE_Key_Value_Server_API.md">API explainer</a> and the <a href="https://github.com/privacysandbox/fledge-docs/blob/main/key_value_service_trust_model.md">trust model explainer</a>.</p> <h3 id="how_is_real-time_data_incorporated_into_auctions" data-text="How is real-time data incorporated into auctions?" tabindex="-1">How is real-time data incorporated into auctions?</h3> <p>The <a href="#buyer-detail">buyers</a> or <a href="#seller-detail">seller</a> in an ad auction may need access to realtime data. For example, buyers may want to calculate the remaining budget in an ad campaign, or the seller may be required to check ad creatives against publisher policies.</p> <p>To meet the privacy requirements of the Protected Audience API, real-time data required during an ad auction is provided by the <a href="#key-value-service-detail">Key/Value service</a>. When each buyer calls <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.joinAdInterestGroup()</code>, the buyer specifies a Key/Value service URL and specifies the keys to be queried to the service during an auction. Likewise, when the seller runs an ad auction by calling <code translate="no" dir="ltr">navigator.runAdAuction()</code>, the seller provides a URL for its Key/Value service. The seller's Key/Value service will be queried with the render URL of the creative.</p> <p>For initial testing, the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#3-buyers-provide-ads-and-bidding-functions-byos-for-now">"Bring Your Own Server"</a> model is used. In the long term, ad techs will need to use the open-source Protected Audience API Key/Value services running in <a href="https://github.com/privacysandbox/fledge-docs/blob/main/trusted_services_overview.md#trusted-execution-environment">trusted execution environments</a> for retrieving real-time data.</p> <p>To ensure that the ecosystem has sufficient time to test, we don't expect to require the use of the open-source Key/Value services or trusted execution environments until sometime after third-party cookie deprecation. We will provide substantial notice for developers to begin testing and adoption before this transition takes place.</p> <h3 id="how_is_first-party_data_used_in_a_protected_audience_auction" data-text="How is first-party data used in a Protected Audience auction?" tabindex="-1">How is first-party data used in a Protected Audience auction?</h3> <p>First-party data is data owned by the site on their users. For example, if a user has specified their favorite color on the advertiser's or publisher's site, that color is considered first-party data.</p> <p>In a Protected Audience auction, the advertiser can use their first-party data to determine the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#11-joining-interest-groups">ad interest group membership</a>, and can also pass data into the interest group as <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#12-interest-group-attributes"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">userBiddingSignals</code></a>. The first-party data from the advertiser will be available only for the buyers during the bid generation step, and is not available for the sellers.</p> <p>For example, if the advertiser knows the user's favorite color, the value can be set in the interest group config as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">userBiddingSignals</code> when the user is added to an interest group:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-kd">const</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">interestGroup</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">owner</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'https://example-buyer.com'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">name</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'running-shoes'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">userBiddingSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">favoriteColor</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'blue'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// First-party data</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// ...other interest group settings</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">};</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-nx">navigator</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">joinAdInterestGroup</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">interestGroup</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-mf">3600</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">);</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <p>The publisher can also pass in their first-party data by setting the signals in the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/main/FLEDGE.md#21-initiating-an-on-device-auction">auction config</a> when initiating the auction, and can control who receives the first-party data. When a publisher passes the first-party data in as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">auctionSignals</code>, it is available to both buyers and sellers. When the data is passed in as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">sellerSignals</code>, it is available only to the seller, and when passed in as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">perBuyerSignals</code>, it is available only to the specified buyers. The publisher can also pass in first-party data to component auctions. The publisher and the auction participants should agree before on what first-party data needs to be shared, and how the data needs to be formatted.</p> <p>The following example describes how the first-party data can be passed in by the publisher to various auction participants:</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="JavaScript"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-kd">const</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">auctionConfig</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">seller</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'https://example-seller.com'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">auctionSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">favoriteColor</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'blue'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// Both buyer and seller will receive this signal</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">sellerSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">favoriteIceCreamFlavor</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'chocolate'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// Only the seller will receive this signal</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">perBuyerSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'https://example-buyer.com'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">favoriteDrink</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'tea'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// Only a specific buyer will receive this signal</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// The same pattern applies to the component auction</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">componentAuctions</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">[{</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">seller</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-s1">'https://example-component-seller.com'</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">,</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">auctionSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">...</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">sellerSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">:</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">...</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">},</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">perBuyerSignals</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">{</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">...</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">}</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">}],</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-c1">// ...other auction settings</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-p">};</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-nx">navigator</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">runAdAuction</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-nx">auctionConfig</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">);</span> </code></pre></devsite-code> <h2 id="find_out_more" data-text="Find out more" tabindex="-1">Find out more</h2> <p>For a more in-depth overview of the Protected Audience API, read the <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api">Protected Audience API developer guide</a>.</p> <h3 id="developers" data-text="Developers" tabindex="-1">Developers</h3> <p>If you're ready to start working with the Protected Audience API, read <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api/protected-audience-experiment">experiment and participate</a>.</p> <p>We've written an <a href="/privacy-sandbox/relevance/protected-audience-api">API developer guide</a> and built a <a href="https://protected-audience-demo.web.app/">Protected Audience API demo</a>, which offers a walkthrough of a basic Protected Audience API deployment. The <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znDD0gkdJyM&list=PLNYkxOF6rcICntazGfSVKSj5EwuR9w5Nv">Protected Audience API demo video</a> explains how the demo code works, and shows how to use Chrome DevTools for Protected Audience API debugging.</p> <h2 id="engage_and_share_feedback" data-text="Engage and share feedback" tabindex="-1">Engage and share feedback</h2> <ul> <li><strong>GitHub</strong>: Read the <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/blob/master/FLEDGE.md">explainer</a>, <a href="https://github.com/WICG/turtledove/issues">raise questions and follow discussion</a>.</li> <li><strong>Announcements</strong>: Join or view past announcements on the <a href="https://groups.google.com/u/0/a/chromium.org/g/fledge-api-announce">Protected Audience API mailing list</a>.</li> <li><strong>W3C</strong>: Discuss industry use cases in the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/web-adv/participants">Improving Web Advertising Business Group</a>.</li> <li><strong>Developer support</strong>: Ask questions about implementation and best practices, or join discussions on the <a href="https://github.com/GoogleChromeLabs/privacy-sandbox-dev-support">Privacy Sandbox Developer Support repo</a>.</li> <li><strong>Current implementation</strong>: For questions about Chrome's implementation of Protected Audience: <a href="https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/list?q=fledge">file a Chromium bug</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <devsite-recommendations display="in-page" hidden yield> </devsite-recommendations> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-feedback position="footer" project-name="Privacy Sandbox" product-id="5335444" bucket="" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464922260396498922" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="footer" class="nocontent" disable-product-feedback project-icon="https://developers.google.com/static/privacy-sandbox/assets/images/privacy-sandbox-logo.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <devsite-recommendations id="recommendations-link" yield></devsite-recommendations> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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