CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135c290dc57f912',cH: '815WFz1iVn.aXF_UaXYr6tSAEFB0beChMHV4vEDgAnk-1739795125-1.2.1.1-1T8E2Z2VYXNE8Dx_LrjhXI8XCXbdctm5SK8Lytd3diZLXquJSfVoeCU1KIyyx4R7',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=David%20S.%20Nobes&__cf_chl_tk=0x3PA1GC4JHAzCAWSytwsLe3UxPDojBfWX27V2jlfsQ-1739795125-1.0.1.1-CNtJU8cV.9Zlo7slEMAjZS34BiRjc3.Q.jIxiivmjR0",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739795125',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=David%20S.%20Nobes&__cf_chl_f_tk=0x3PA1GC4JHAzCAWSytwsLe3UxPDojBfWX27V2jlfsQ-1739795125-1.0.1.1-CNtJU8cV.9Zlo7slEMAjZS34BiRjc3.Q.jIxiivmjR0",md: "ERCFjfWQGMoJYx6LJ6_ficLNCmpn7QHuUHB4ha5b38k-1739795125-1.2.1.1-hkgRO.ALUqhu.4GhXOIu40xyjf67v4Ais8xuug_6PhUXCCCir0ZImEBWgC17CpcwviCG.xL8QwrVOI1niMOmbe5_1Ehq5PUSsV8j2bKMwajUHBA89Ov7MU2kzFNCDDP3DxXoTVFMXaAjMG0H9Qb2xNjWP0IIDAqlejXm7hrkccPVClbrC443W9XyZewI0VSAVk7elAnZpORg3XAFLz9xrMYS_LJUD5ENBbFmpqw2W_h0a4bCWQkiAwqyeJXoTC02n85f3b08JwCpjnQtWJ9SnjtBH9HxNsxnTuGhRhFDNF8iO7A5Z.KKsrUKQt9iHXLBokBAPtbxi7WuS3laXQ3b9q.sbJE5zrqL45Nb9afzS6y1Hj.IOHlvLuRgqSOA_uRhYoGNKAGCtZbO_tW79JECSffrWOxh69oqT5ka9HU1P3PDoO8EBsgidmLiyKkuhZjc40.nAWSybW6ljOnFX80xFNMlf5v_MkuBPY9AXnZczLgx94uVwkXrBiQnt0fmfhUvSdMj6JCTSIDwdaoJArGKOD.e5N0.F3ef_vqS_HlNJvwptFJurbrmsF3wcVw41fwN2yUbrXSA3Q_Ctui.Gdg2XxXXiXnWIxbzXSCTuo2Wi3mLI0UDaeLr15fcZXZyG49LjJT7w_puqzHvy.kD1MVo3Q2UMPRrvZvdCloMO8RVe5EOS9bBsm3Y476COTG6e5zpKyjf893o_KqGZjiDR6AJmdTMJAtCvW7QLduPjfaiwQDtG_rRNz6kRum_5rq9yfMvjhDgTRT8fO2cu6EB5fkXlKrbsOWfbO6ZNky.EKjD2tnu0RwIj1u9d11uzV3eMkv9O.Rm8ZxHy1KUZPQea512GK6Nc2Ifk63.i3CF092Mud.hbakoyunUxAvMIoMNmrracacYHq4slzTVNV6SGobwNMp4YxCRUiEJzuUXhOVNAW72VrpeyRhhYnn5DWFVS9Clpxjl95T519xjUpfFUxYKZETawQAK_56w81jGq4UKERQONzpC939sNXthY0ZGzCliNnh4nPj3BU9T.7qbkHuqnlM4jZvPw2dDib2J3_WWWf3Tcv9dj968mZUnU2VMFbnPlswSE1LoY2wR3nzLNSHhrn61EuAQ3p9woFU1az9sRBDcRHr._ZOcXowyKdmQ4vNYcIX4PPozPCva7KG.xkRTrU_60EbUnjapb0MX04JehyCraHfQeLowrZneuaETykoDR7QF.Cx6O9NeZoad.VRGSFpmL8R.C0FwBdnN8nzKqzllkwrZ7eEMSH1udWDCzsJc4y9KpX5UQxldySw_9flOMOUQmBKxqPGTBUhyynZXdHvrah47VX.I_EWVcpWA1F3__lREmgm2PC8uSU5O7X7P8r_Vc1kZ07QA0Hdpdk364IQetefRNLam7SFcB.E3sCQZ_hCaq9CgzlklIqZvoCAKdG48DXsAGmQqJ0tOAwP0q27Z0TCCI7eWDrYo5Opdkbx6s7K7SttpD8HaKM6nE1gsEhuQrBLnckeDk3JqwmnBbDaHmFjTne4pD3beeenNJJjimX7Oey_LXV2zS3mEA8WLTx6CSmJ8ta_4aZqZEtYsLmEMvenm8kE48.NiM74CrJsoveFCMVYP327_FxqXXVWVciA7zrF5UAz8hrF1.e4SapwwEAlsUuWEFYBTbg8fZlpQL1mlsHxyiSyZxHOCw4f6PwLg6DMd_br4t9FlzNmj6TsYkopDfZVh47G0iFqEUF0_ljgEdqd0I_qLzPcx.x8aJXggOukdNs5GIC2q0bE8wIAQ9GrnHWbwKngGCI59DbH5t8yHxDBF0Kb7QJfNfDN78uDABr544HLU5Ev.8RJNb6UB8lWtplfBXbC.J7HTDHqur6RndBjlQL5IwiizinWn02BYqd6ew2R8Ps4htjbbrFxo5hkTnSJAoWlMRXD26XK1oZQdnTL6rkzRsZFW6xIYFWbPwmAHFgqm7LK72pAA7DY",mdrd: "BobxwVhzjes.gm83LGArQU.Ed.d.uJj_Vmg42sDgCQs-1739795125-1.2.1.1-kYjmh8fw7IDWrJcl_YI2jELA8gpoaZmDcABFS0rgthXdAdlJi9rjyEVZHoTe5qins4s6nZZIj_vWXhkP4mLojO25LAPjIe81fYk6TKs0jtSgtwm.FbuHiDIhHd_B90CG.xk30JuML.tjvWyY45Sv2dYba2208H2aTZG6UsQWnsJA9lCM.7S6wRdY4ZAmAuT4gi9CHHp86c28X93pjZ6lSLJNYvtqZoNkaiqLFjcMTNtMdd7gMvT6jrFqgODuySZX.HtRjEgfMtzRphDEwOm4eyxv0l_1lpN_HolybTkn1JpD3j9VEL3S1a3dKO2jeIfn_QOPt6i_qBz2w2i80ktW6_NSa8eGDWLWsWWuFLOliuo1nOWKckwqU1KbA4DK_8uebDejBT0NAh1XCP2y1krMoSs5Bmq_KsaCxjNK73UfVuQOR8CaHAKN.X3cVwatPeoieSvKjMWDEZehAwFSuT3ilXdVuDNvtRQjSgh2HdXNu07xYn_5hHmRixdD7plngG4Hbr7Q2xeUBpLdk_XBLWxbA6tez9yRK0oC4Aaw6xPSkQOiiBrpH9NEvy1pDl7y0Ce1vWZZavs9MOOqqIjuwP9s7G3nRvNZWwJ29sA0wonxu_kX2GLrwjceq2tBA17FONNoirpSoLgIU3Aso6wmf4X9e8xJfAbHMrqaugukPtyJUtG2jIX_lJB5AnKT4rK.ESObqQbAEzSftQIErHcIoBRNV9Et4qnTi9NjfvhJbzTQmjUzUx2ZmPN9qBN0itpEpWzaJFKwVnoMCLfkXWUl38V5q19rEWktO5jfWNJsaoaLZZxPt8pVTHgxnYGG5KpnfDbMFAfV3Uc_Hn9xcUv1wz_CkdGBhNoxuowlTbD3tMTtTmXJgm78lk10aAYJtIxaViWd03GKo36EsfbDGt.zSPYT2MTP9i2O4A71yRopYfzS0rO.Nhk1tyzbufO1LbGL75mzfWUbA7ff1clmzMS7feZHyggjCkhPxrJyTxaQsaS1n1DJaQq2V_3KHH0eo_a40nLWIOQ5bFtxyiSfoFn4M14wCBipn2HlhFxgjsuuwNOmDlfWMuFiYZ8DKqRMGqrcBE8f9pwGkkjHJbb2b4AHhy8YKPTy4bNoIhvKuZXuhAxD9LdChkC0GlXGO2qJGf.tr6ln_MbUxChbN6eQWsuOYfoE.EXeSAEAAJ_LfKzG2pixDANeHVLhbchUVqhRlS5nyFxImKqsW2VeK9ZcePS3FWBm7803qBPvUppWUrdjOPVFQWw2BtPvvgkR.krg90mMIf6y0tXrcpsrAO4uc2iAvoAnyHY9i02yvGy8ZvfXUvbgJB2VboYpRCf.YGVZlkTMFT8idCaWv3JE_fMsBwhC4l3aU5ox8A3EDJyQZa0IkV6o5IwL.lzJkuJbiPb1Y9.858OR7yazNbRaT06R38nQzLK4m0DSQ8R_37OFDEWEvUnvjXs5f4w.tT4fdwcd1oRQkIxE8DYMLJUcnMTkQaPpoCWMF9eiVO9EBQr2pRqjsMue_E_8HdGIyFqlNkcZloD9m6mGZGlV4VpoJk_StLjKhD0xPER0AHk3YaMcU1IfPGxFqu_ZcHwC6qaYJd5xnexaFujiXL0DMWq0aHmZdw.e2NPCzRcdUUAmvPpHrb.6PclNJrVb7RSaUHBh4Mprnm7bUdqP7NjIRkb6oPahHi3WUJZ4tfsXLN_19rqRKGTqwxiGREGEtYQPv75BXfpItByz0JqYmz_spxmx6MGXOcFh95V0ttye0cCm2d1xKg4BqzgIghcLXaJHAmiMQWNLHxyPsmCn2KiEbInrhhaqzUlKeAcStdGiEeUnaBw.tFvvR8VQiH5nmjpLWf.4cwrvmAOh2jsKMZmocTS2e.jOvVOUk5xup4_sKfBAMd7SctPxZaSER50UdFe1v1n1POqyE_.z7TBvuRtW2XnwUBcZLLzEhrr5G2_Op9HIAsIt9xRTcb_RtFSQs4YvcHkjHLaWOhsAjIfS"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135c290dc57f912';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=David%20S.%20Nobes&__cf_chl_rt_tk=0x3PA1GC4JHAzCAWSytwsLe3UxPDojBfWX27V2jlfsQ-1739795125-1.0.1.1-CNtJU8cV.9Zlo7slEMAjZS34BiRjc3.Q.jIxiivmjR0" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>