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The COVID-19 pandemic has only made the situation more desperate. In 2020, the U.S. set a record for the most overdose deaths in a year—more than 93,000 people died of an overdose that year, up almost 30% from the year before.</p><p class="p1">Addiction treatment is expensive, and techniques and results vary widely. Medications like methadone and buprenorphine can help with opioid addiction. Cognitive behavioral therapy can help people cope with cravings. Group therapy and 12-step programs are popular as well. But people who are addicted to drugs or alcohol often suffer from social, family, and legal problems. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-712241d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="712241d" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b277d53 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b277d53" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b658c78 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-pie-chart" data-id="b658c78" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="jet-pie-chart.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-jet-pie-chart jet-elements"><div class="jet-pie-chart-title-container"><h5 class="jet-pie-chart-title"></h5></div> <div class="jet-pie-chart-container" data-chart="{"datasets":[{"data":[80.599999999999994315658113919198513031005859375,19.39999999999999857891452847979962825775146484375],"backgroundColor":["#488E9A","#62BECD"],"borderWidth":0,"borderColor":"#ffffff","hoverBorderColor":"#ffffff"}],"labels":["Google","Twitter"]}" data-options="{"animation":{"duration":1000,"easing":"easeOutQuart","animateScale":false},"legend":{"display":false,"position":"top","reverse":false,"align":"center"},"tooltips":{"enabled":false}}" data-tooltip=""> <canvas class="jet-pie-chart" role="img"></canvas> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ebce1dd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ebce1dd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">19.4% of people have used illicit drugs at least once</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fbadb69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="fbadb69" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">20.3 million people aged 12 or older had a substance use disorder in the past year <br><br> In 2020, about 2.7 million people aged 12 or older in the U.S. had an opioid use disorder in the past year <br><br> 700K drug overdose deaths in the U.S. since 2000 <br><br> The federal government budgeted $35 billion for drug control in 2020</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c93a989 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="c93a989" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bc14ea6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="bc14ea6" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75c34c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="75c34c1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">As with many public health problems, Key Publications prevention is the key. </h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a7c5a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7a7c5a1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="p1">That’s why Lieber Institute scientists are examining the biological mechanisms that lie at the root of addiction. They’ve analyzed the genetics from human postmortem brain tissue, trying to determine what portion of addiction is heritable, passed down through generations in a family. Identifying the genes that make people prone to addiction and the mechanisms that regulate the expression of those genes in the brain could provide therapeutic targets to more effectively treat and prevent addiction.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a10a953 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a10a953" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="p1">“Using advanced molecular neurobiological techniques, we are studying postmortem human brain tissue to better understand the molecular identity and spatial relationships of cells necessary for motivated behavior and reward processing. We can also ask if these cells and circuits are particularly vulnerable to genetic risk for psychiatric and substance use disorders to identify targets for prevention and treatment. In particular, we use advanced techniques such as single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to define the molecular neuroanatomy of critical brain structures. We are also committed to providing tools and resources to the broader scientific community to advance their own studies.”</p><p class="p1"> </p><p class="p1"><strong>Kristen Maynard, PhD, Investigator</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f749726 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="f749726" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0312451 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="0312451" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="700" height="823" src="https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-9323" alt="" srcset="https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3.jpg 700w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-255x300.jpg 255w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-388x456.jpg 388w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-656x771.jpg 656w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-558x656.jpg 558w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-340x400.jpg 340w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-273x321.jpg 273w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-629x740.jpg 629w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-406x477.jpg 406w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-400x470.jpg 400w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-20x24.jpg 20w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-31x36.jpg 31w, https://www.libd.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Recurso-1-100-3-41x48.jpg 41w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-02e9203 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="02e9203" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ab835f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ab835f6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Key Publications</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7c5e0a4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="7c5e0a4" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"jet_parallax_layout_list":[]}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f663a6f elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-zoom-in elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action" data-id="f663a6f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="call-to-action.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a class="elementor-cta" href="#"> <div class="elementor-cta__content"> <span class="elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Transcriptome-scale spatial gene expression in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.   </span> <div class="elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Nature neuroscience, 2021 </div> <div class="elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item "> <span class="elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-"> Read More </span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b06290d elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-zoom-in elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action" data-id="b06290d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="call-to-action.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a class="elementor-cta" href="#"> <div class="elementor-cta__content"> <span class="elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Single-nucleus transcriptome analysis reveals cell-typespecific molecular signatures across reward circuitry in the human brain   </span> <div class="elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item"> Neuron, 2021 </div> <div class="elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item "> <span class="elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-"> Read More </span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <footer class="footer">  <div class="footer-top-section"> <div class="social-links"> <ul> <li class="facebook-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/LieberInstitute/" title="Facebook" target="_blank"><span><i 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