CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>JewishGen - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"4f224e9e-d179-4dc4-b806-e80bfe454299","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"JewishGen","wgTitle":"JewishGen","wgCurRevisionId":1250312048,"wgRevisionId":1250312048,"wgArticleId":21836541,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Pages using infobox organization with unknown parameters","Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia","Webarchive template wayback links","Genealogical societies","Jewish genealogy","Jewish organizations based in the United States","Non-profit organizations based in New York City","Jewish organizations"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName" :"JewishGen","wgRelevantArticleId":21836541,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q820610","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile", "model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="878"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="585"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="468"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="JewishGen - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/JewishGen"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JewishGen"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-JewishGen rootpage-JewishGen skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=JewishGen" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=JewishGen" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=JewishGen" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=JewishGen" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Databases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Databases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Databases</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Databases-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Databases subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Databases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-All_country_databases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#All_country_databases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>All country databases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-All_country_databases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resources_and_research_tools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resources_and_research_tools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Resources and research tools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resources_and_research_tools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">JewishGen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/JewishGen" title="JewishGen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="JewishGen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/JewishGen" title="JewishGen – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="JewishGen" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/JewishGen" title="JewishGen – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="JewishGen" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/JewishGen" title="JewishGen – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="JewishGen" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q820610#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/JewishGen" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:JewishGen" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/JewishGen"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/JewishGen"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/JewishGen" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/JewishGen" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&oldid=1250312048" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=JewishGen&id=1250312048&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJewishGen"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJewishGen"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=JewishGen&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:JewishGen" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q820610" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">International electronic resource for Jewish genealogy</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">JewishGen</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:JewishGenLogo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/JewishGenLogo.jpg/220px-JewishGenLogo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/JewishGenLogo.jpg/330px-JewishGenLogo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/JewishGenLogo.jpg/440px-JewishGenLogo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="634" data-file-height="141" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Preserving Our History for Future Generations</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg/220px-Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg/330px-Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg/440px-Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="387" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Jewish_Heritage" title="Museum of Jewish Heritage">Museum of Jewish Heritage</a> – A Living Memorial to the Holocaust in New York City</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data note">1987</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data">Susan E. King</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Non-Profit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Avraham Groll<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">2 full time staff<br />300+ volunteers - worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://JewishGen.org">jewishgen<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>JewishGen</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Non-profit_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit organization">non-profit organization</a> founded in 1987 as an international electronic resource for <a href="/wiki/Jewish_genealogy" title="Jewish genealogy">Jewish genealogy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes-ResearchingFamilyPt2-2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ResearchingFamilyPt2-2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, JewishGen became an affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Jewish_Heritage" title="Museum of Jewish Heritage">Museum of Jewish Heritage</a> – A Living Memorial to the Holocaust in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It provides amateur and professional genealogists with the tools to research their Jewish family history and heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-TracingTribe-JewishGenBegan-2008_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TracingTribe-JewishGenBegan-2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JewishGenLogo-old.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/JewishGenLogo-old.gif/220px-JewishGenLogo-old.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/JewishGenLogo-old.gif/330px-JewishGenLogo-old.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/JewishGenLogo-old.gif 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption>The old JewishGen logo</figcaption></figure> <p>JewishGen was founded in 1987 by Susan E. King in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>, as a <a href="/wiki/Fidonet" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidonet">Fidonet</a> <a href="/wiki/Bulletin_board_system" title="Bulletin board system">bulletin board</a> with approximately 150 users interested in Jewish genealogy. To access the bulletin board, users dialed into the connection via telephones. Annual donations of $25 were requested to fund the service.<sup id="cite_ref-DOROT-AccessingJewishGen-1995_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOROT-AccessingJewishGen-1995-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around 1989 to 1990, JewishGen moved to the internet as a mailing list and online forum, and was called the Jewish Genealogy Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was loosely managed by founding members and volunteers that included <a href="/wiki/Warren_Blatt" title="Warren Blatt">Warren Blatt</a>, Susan E. King, Bernie Kouchel, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Mokotoff" title="Gary Mokotoff">Gary Mokotoff</a>, Michael Tobias, and others active in the community.<sup id="cite_ref-Ancestry-GenealogicalComputing-King-2004_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ancestry-GenealogicalComputing-King-2004-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JewishGen had a website by 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-DOROT-Potpurri-1995_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOROT-Potpurri-1995-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JewishGenTidbytes-1995_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JewishGenTidbytes-1995-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of 2002, King announced that in 2003 JewishGen became an affiliate of the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Jewish_Heritage" title="Museum of Jewish Heritage">Museum of Jewish Heritage</a>. In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Jewish_Genealogical_Societies" title="International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies">International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies</a> (IAJGS) gave King an IAJGS Achievement Award for her work with JewishGen, citing the organization's worldwide impact.<sup id="cite_ref-IAJGS-King-2005_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAJGS-King-2005-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2008, King retired, and JewishGen moved their administrative office to the museum's facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, in a partnership with JewishGen, <a href="/wiki/Ancestry.com" title="Ancestry.com">Ancestry.com</a> took over the data center hosting of the JewishGen computerized assets.<sup id="cite_ref-JewishGen-Ancestry-2008_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JewishGen-Ancestry-2008-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The agreement improved the JewishGen website's performance, which had been problematic, and created a licensing agreement with Ancestry.com for database access that created a revenue stream for JewishGen.<sup id="cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-JewishGenAncestry-2008_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Avotaynu-Nu-JewishGenAncestry-2008-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The partnership increases Ancestry.com's access to and integration of Jewish genealogical resources from JewishGen.<sup id="cite_ref-Ancestry-Partnership-2008_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ancestry-Partnership-2008-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>JewishGen's website is designed to provide a simple and easy interface, and is offered as a free public service.<sup id="cite_ref-AncestryMag-Beginning-2003_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AncestryMag-Beginning-2003-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 1,000 active volunteers throughout the world contribute to its ever-growing collection of databases, resources, and search tools. It lists more than 21 million Jewish records, hundreds of translated <a href="/wiki/Yizkor_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Yizkor Books">yizkor (memorial) books</a>, research tools, a family finder, educational classes, historical components, and other resources.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamodia-Feature-2013_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamodia-Feature-2013-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a user base of over 500,000 registered users worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-DOROT-WhatsNew-2009_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOROT-WhatsNew-2009-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Databases">Databases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Databases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>JewishGen Family Finder (JGFF):<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a compilation of surnames and towns currently being researched by over 100,000 Jewish genealogists worldwide. It contains over 500,000 entries, including 140,000 ancestral surnames and 18,000 town names, and is indexed and cross-referenced by both surname and town name. The Family Finder, like JewishGen's other databases, uses <a href="/wiki/Daitch%E2%80%93Mokotoff_Soundex" title="Daitch–Mokotoff Soundex">Daitch–Mokotoff Soundex</a>, Beider-Morse Phonetic Matching<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Damerau%E2%80%93Levenshtein_distance" title="Damerau–Levenshtein distance">Damerau–Levenshtein distance</a> <i>fuzzy</i> technology to yield results on all the different spellings of the name being searched. It connects users who are researching the same surnames and towns.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamodia-Feature-2013_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamodia-Feature-2013-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DOROT-JGFF-1996_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOROT-JGFF-1996-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Family Tree of the Jewish People (FTJP):<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a database of Jewish family trees. The central purpose of the FTJP is to enhance Jews' ability to connect and re-connect their families and to increase interest in Jewish genealogy.</li> <li>JewishGen Gazetteer:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (formerly the "ShtetlSeeker") a database containing the names of all localities in 54 countries in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. The data is based on the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Board_on_Geographic_Names" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Board on Geographic Names">U.S. Board on Geographic Names</a> databases and contains more than 3 million names.</li> <li>JewishGen Communities Database:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contains information on over 6,000 Jewish communities in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, together with Jewish population figures, historical town names and jurisdictions, inset maps, and links to JewishGen resources.</li> <li>JewishGen Online Worldwide Burial Registry (JOWBR):<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a database of names and other identifying information from cemeteries and burial records worldwide. Contains more than three million burial records from 7,300 cemeteries in 128 countries, as of January 2018.</li> <li>JewishGen's Holocaust Database:<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a collection of databases containing information about Holocaust victims and survivors. It currently contains more than 2.75 million entries, including concentration-camp lists, transport lists, ghetto records, census lists, and ID cards.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="All_country_databases">All country databases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: All country databases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>JewishGen's All Country Databases contain historical records, including birth, marriage and death records, census records, military records with new data added regularly.<sup id="cite_ref-DOROT-Notes-1999_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOROT-Notes-1999-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Country databases currently exist for the following areas: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li>JewishGen Austria-Czech Database<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Belarus Database<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Canada Database<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen France Database<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Germany Database<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Hungary Database<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Latvia Database<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Lithuania Database<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>All Poland Database<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> —in partnership with <a href="/wiki/JRI-Poland" title="JRI-Poland">JRI-Poland</a></li> <li>JewishGen Romania Database<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> —includes Romania and Moldova</li> <li>JewishGen Scandinavia Database<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Ukraine Database<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>United Kingdom Database<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> —in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Genealogical_Society_of_Great_Britain" title="Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain">Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain</a> (JGSGB)</li> <li>JewishGen USA Database<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Resources_and_research_tools">Resources and research tools</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Resources and research tools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yizkor Books:<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Translates <a href="/wiki/Yizkor_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Yizkor Books">Yizkor Books</a>, predominantly written after the Holocaust, into English. There are currently hundreds of completed or partially completed translated books online.</li> <li>KehilaLinks:<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Creates "virtual" Yizkor Books online, by creating specific pages for towns and uploading information such as pictures, maps, personal recollections, and research data.</li> <li>Family Pages:<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allows family researchers to create their own webpage for free in order to help connect with relatives and learn about their history.</li> <li>ViewMate:<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allow users to post photographs and documents online, and request help in translating or identifying information.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamodia-Feature-2013_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamodia-Feature-2013-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IAJGS-ViewMate-2012_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAJGS-ViewMate-2012-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Discussion Groups:<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Provide researchers with the opportunity to connect, ask questions, exchange information and learn from others. Discussion groups are categorized by general and specific areas/topics of interest.</li> <li>Special Interest Groups:<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Web pages and organized groups for Special Interest Group (SIGs) that focus on common geographic regions of origin or special topics.<sup id="cite_ref-JewishWeek-RootsJourneys-2015_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JewishWeek-RootsJourneys-2015-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Beginner Pages:<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Web pages that explain the basics of Jewish genealogy and how to navigate JewishGen.<sup id="cite_ref-BaltimoreJewishTimes-Net-1996_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BaltimoreJewishTimes-Net-1996-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>JewishGen Education Center:<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Online interactive courses in Jewish genealogy to help researchers learn methodology, research techniques and organization of information for proper analysis.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Avotaynu" title="Avotaynu">Avotaynu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dor_Yeshorim" title="Dor Yeshorim">Dor Yeshorim</a> - Committee for Prevention of Jewish Genetic Diseases</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesher_Galicia" title="Gesher Galicia">Gesher Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAJGS" class="mw-redirect" title="IAJGS">IAJGS</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Where_Once_We_Walked" title="Where Once We Walked">Where Once We Walked</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-ResearchingFamilyPt2-2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ResearchingFamilyPt2-2013_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShown_Mills2013" class="citation news cs1">Shown Mills, Elizabeth (13 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/13/booming/advice-on-how-to-research-family-history-part-2.html">"Advice on How to Research Family History, Part 2"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Advice+on+How+to+Research+Family+History%2C+Part+2&rft.date=2013-11-13&rft.aulast=Shown+Mills&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F11%2F13%2Fbooming%2Fadvice-on-how-to-research-family-history-part-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-KingRetires-2008_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMokotoff2008" class="citation news cs1">Mokotoff, Gary (1 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avotaynu.com/nu/V09N08.htm">"Special Edition: Susan King Retires from JewishGen"</a>. <i>Nu? What's New? The E-zine of Jewish Genealogy From <a href="/wiki/Avotaynu" title="Avotaynu">Avotaynu</a></i>. Vol. 9, no. 8<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nu%3F+What%27s+New%3F+The+E-zine+of+Jewish+Genealogy+From+Avotaynu&rft.atitle=Special+Edition%3A+Susan+King+Retires+from+JewishGen&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=8&rft.date=2008-04-01&rft.aulast=Mokotoff&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avotaynu.com%2Fnu%2FV09N08.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TracingTribe-JewishGenBegan-2008-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TracingTribe-JewishGenBegan-2008_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalalay_Dardashti2008" class="citation news cs1">Talalay Dardashti, Schelly (2 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tracingthetribe.blogspot.com/2008/04/jewishgen-how-it-all-began.html">"JewishGen: How it all began"</a>. <i>Tracing the Tribe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tracing+the+Tribe&rft.atitle=JewishGen%3A+How+it+all+began&rft.date=2008-04-02&rft.aulast=Talalay+Dardashti&rft.aufirst=Schelly&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftracingthetribe.blogspot.com%2F2008%2F04%2Fjewishgen-how-it-all-began.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOROT-AccessingJewishGen-1995-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOROT-AccessingJewishGen-1995_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGostin1995" class="citation journal cs1">Gostin, Ted (Spring 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jgsny.org/assets/Documents/dorot16-3spring1995.pdf">"Accessing the JewishGen Bulletin Board"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>DOROT</i>. <b>16</b> (3): 9–10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOROT&rft.atitle=Accessing+the+JewishGen+Bulletin+Board&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=9-10&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Gostin&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jgsny.org%2Fassets%2FDocuments%2Fdorot16-3spring1995.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ancestry-GenealogicalComputing-King-2004-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ancestry-GenealogicalComputing-King-2004_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrasner-Khait2004" class="citation news cs1">Krasner-Khait, Barbara (1 October 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041114181044/http://www.ancestry.com/learn/library/article.aspx?article=9301">"Susan E. King: Founder of JewishGen"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Genealogical_Computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Genealogical Computing">Genealogical Computing</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Ancestry.com" title="Ancestry.com">Ancestry.com</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancestry.com/learn/library/article.aspx?article=9301">the original</a> on 14 November 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genealogical+Computing&rft.atitle=Susan+E.+King%3A+Founder+of+JewishGen&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.aulast=Krasner-Khait&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancestry.com%2Flearn%2Flibrary%2Farticle.aspx%3Farticle%3D9301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOROT-Potpurri-1995-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOROT-Potpurri-1995_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKieval1995" class="citation journal cs1">Kieval, Sheila (Fall 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jgsny.org/assets/Documents/dorot17-1fall1995.pdf">"JewishGen Potpurri"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>DOROT</i>. <b>17</b> (1)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOROT&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Potpurri&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Kieval&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jgsny.org%2Fassets%2FDocuments%2Fdorot17-1fall1995.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JewishGenTidbytes-1995-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JewishGenTidbytes-1995_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1995" class="citation web cs1">King, Susan (December 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishgen.org/InfoFiles/tidbyte2.txt">"A JewishGen InfoFile: JewishGen Tidbytes"</a>. <i>JewishGen</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JewishGen&rft.atitle=A+JewishGen+InfoFile%3A+JewishGen+Tidbytes&rft.date=1995-12&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FInfoFiles%2Ftidbyte2.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAJGS-King-2005-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IAJGS-King-2005_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iajgs.org/blog/awards/achievement-awards/iajgs-awards-2005/">"IAJGS Achievement Awards 2005: IAJGS Lifetime Achievement Award: Susan King"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IAJGS" class="mw-redirect" title="IAJGS">IAJGS</a></i>. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IAJGS&rft.atitle=IAJGS+Achievement+Awards+2005%3A+IAJGS+Lifetime+Achievement+Award%3A+Susan+King&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iajgs.org%2Fblog%2Fawards%2Fachievement-awards%2Fiajgs-awards-2005%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JewishGen-Ancestry-2008-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JewishGen-Ancestry-2008_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishgen.org/JewishGen/PR/Ancestry.08.08.htm">"Ancestry.com and JewishGen Align to Provide More Online Access to Millions of Jewish Historical Documents"</a>. <i>JewishGen</i>. 19 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JewishGen&rft.atitle=Ancestry.com+and+JewishGen+Align+to+Provide+More+Online+Access+to+Millions+of+Jewish+Historical+Documents&rft.date=2008-08-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FJewishGen%2FPR%2FAncestry.08.08.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Avotaynu-Nu-JewishGenAncestry-2008-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Avotaynu-Nu-JewishGenAncestry-2008_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMokotoff2008" class="citation news cs1">Mokotoff, Gary (24 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avotaynu.com/nu/V09N20.htm">"JewishGen and Ancestry.com Form an Alliance"</a>. <i>Nu? What's New? The E-zine of Jewish Genealogy From <a href="/wiki/Avotaynu" title="Avotaynu">Avotaynu</a></i>. Vol. 9, no. 20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nu%3F+What%27s+New%3F+The+E-zine+of+Jewish+Genealogy+From+Avotaynu&rft.atitle=JewishGen+and+Ancestry.com+Form+an+Alliance&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=20&rft.date=2008-08-24&rft.aulast=Mokotoff&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avotaynu.com%2Fnu%2FV09N20.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ancestry-Partnership-2008-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ancestry-Partnership-2008_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzucs2008" class="citation news cs1">Szucs, Juliana (20 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.ancestry.com/circle/?p=2786">"Ancestry.com and JewishGen to Provide Online Access to Millions of Jewish Historical Documents"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ancestry.com" title="Ancestry.com">Ancestry.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ancestry.com&rft.atitle=Ancestry.com+and+JewishGen+to+Provide+Online+Access+to+Millions+of+Jewish+Historical+Documents&rft.date=2008-08-20&rft.aulast=Szucs&rft.aufirst=Juliana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.ancestry.com%2Fcircle%2F%3Fp%3D2786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AncestryMag-Beginning-2003-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AncestryMag-Beginning-2003_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrasner-Khait2003" class="citation news cs1">Krasner-Khait, Barbara (March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JwHmJFw1464C&pg=PA35">"Beginning Jewish Research"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ancestry_Magazine" title="Ancestry Magazine">Ancestry Magazine</a></i>. pp. 34–39<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ancestry+Magazine&rft.atitle=Beginning+Jewish+Research&rft.pages=34-39&rft.date=2003-03&rft.aulast=Krasner-Khait&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJwHmJFw1464C%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hamodia-Feature-2013-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hamodia-Feature-2013_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hamodia-Feature-2013_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hamodia-Feature-2013_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurstyn2013" class="citation news cs1">Burstyn, Rochel (3 January 2013). "Connecting with the Past: Jewish genealogy". <i><a href="/wiki/Hamodia" title="Hamodia">Hamodia Magazine</a></i>. pp. 26–27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hamodia+Magazine&rft.atitle=Connecting+with+the+Past%3A+Jewish+genealogy&rft.pages=26-27&rft.date=2013-01-03&rft.aulast=Burstyn&rft.aufirst=Rochel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOROT-WhatsNew-2009-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOROT-WhatsNew-2009_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStein2009" class="citation journal cs1">Stein, Steve (14 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jgsny.org/assets/Documents/summer2009.pdf">"What's New on JewishGen?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>DOROT</i>. <b>30</b> (4)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOROT&rft.atitle=What%27s+New+on+JewishGen%3F&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2009-06-14&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jgsny.org%2Fassets%2FDocuments%2Fsummer2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/JGFF/">"JewishGen Family Finder (JGFF)"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Family+Finder+%28JGFF%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FJGFF%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stevemorse.org/phonetics/bmpm2.htm">"Beider-Morse Phonetic Matching"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beider-Morse+Phonetic+Matching&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstevemorse.org%2Fphonetics%2Fbmpm2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOROT-JGFF-1996-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOROT-JGFF-1996_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jgsny.org/assets/Documents/dorot17-3spring1996.pdf">"News About the Jewish Genealogical Family Finder"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>DOROT</i>. <b>17</b> (3): 2. Spring 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOROT&rft.atitle=News+About+the+Jewish+Genealogical+Family+Finder&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1996&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jgsny.org%2Fassets%2FDocuments%2Fdorot17-3spring1996.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/gedcom/">"Family Tree of the Jewish People"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=Family+Tree+of+the+Jewish+People&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fgedcom%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/Communities/LocTown.asp">"JewishGen Gazetteer"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Gazetteer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FCommunities%2FLocTown.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/Communities/">"The JewishGen Gazetteer and JewishGen Communities Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=The+JewishGen+Gazetteer+and+JewishGen+Communities+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FCommunities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/cemetery/">"JewishGen Online Worldwide Burial Registry"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Online+Worldwide+Burial+Registry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2Fcemetery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Holocaust/">"JewishGen's Holocaust Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen%27s+Holocaust+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FHolocaust%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOROT-Notes-1999-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DOROT-Notes-1999_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jgsny.org/assets/Documents/dorot20-3-4spring-summer1999.pdf">"Notes from All Over: National Archives Ship List Catalog On-Line, Lithuanian and Latvian Databases On-Line, New or Expanded JewishGen Sites: Boston, Poland, Belarus, Westphalia, AJHS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>DOROT</i>. <b>20</b> (3–4): 6–10. Spring 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DOROT&rft.atitle=Notes+from+All+Over%3A+National+Archives+Ship+List+Catalog+On-Line%2C+Lithuanian+and+Latvian+Databases+On-Line%2C+New+or+Expanded+JewishGen+Sites%3A+Boston%2C+Poland%2C+Belarus%2C+Westphalia%2C+AJHS&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=6-10&rft.date=1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jgsny.org%2Fassets%2FDocuments%2Fdorot20-3-4spring-summer1999.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/AustriaCzech/">"JewishGen Austria-Czech Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Austria-Czech+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FAustriaCzech%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Belarus/">"JewishGen Belarus Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Belarus+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FBelarus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Canada/">"JewishGen Canada Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Canada+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FCanada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/France/">"JewishGen France Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+France+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FFrance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Germany/">"JewishGen Germany Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Germany+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FGermany%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Hungary/">"JewishGen Hungary Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Hungary+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FHungary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Latvia/">"JewishGen Latvia Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Latvia+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FLatvia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Lithuania/">"JewishGen Lithuania Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Lithuania+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FLithuania%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Poland/">"JewishGen Poland Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Poland+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FPoland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Romania/">"JewishGen Romania Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Romania+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FRomania%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Scandinavia/">"JewishGen Scandinavia Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Scandinavia+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FScandinavia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/Ukraine/">"JewishGen Ukraine Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Ukraine+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FUkraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/UK/">"Jewish Communities and Records - United Kingdom Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=Jewish+Communities+and+Records+-+United+Kingdom+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FUK%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/databases/USA/">"JewishGen USA Database"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+USA+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fdatabases%2FUSA%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/">"Yizkor Book Project"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=Yizkor+Book+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2Fyizkor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/">"JewishGen KehilaLinks"</a>. <i>kehilalinks.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kehilalinks.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+KehilaLinks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkehilalinks.jewishgen.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/CURE/">"Login to JewishGen"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=Login+to+JewishGen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FCURE%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wwws.jewishgen.org/ViewMate">"ViewMate - Home"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ViewMate+-+Home&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwwws.jewishgen.org%2FViewMate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAJGS-ViewMate-2012-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IAJGS-ViewMate-2012_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iajgs.org/blog/awards/achievement-awards/iajgs-awards-2012/">"IAJGS Achievement Awards 2012: Outstanding Program or Project Award: The ViewMate Project"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IAJGS" class="mw-redirect" title="IAJGS">IAJGS</a></i>. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IAJGS&rft.atitle=IAJGS+Achievement+Awards+2012%3A+Outstanding+Program+or+Project+Award%3A+The+ViewMate+Project&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iajgs.org%2Fblog%2Fawards%2Fachievement-awards%2Fiajgs-awards-2012%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/JewishGen/DiscussionGroup.htm">"The JewishGen Discussion Group"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=The+JewishGen+Discussion+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FJewishGen%2FDiscussionGroup.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/JewishGen/ResearchDivisions.htm">"Research Divisions"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=Research+Divisions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FJewishGen%2FResearchDivisions.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JewishWeek-RootsJourneys-2015-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JewishWeek-RootsJourneys-2015_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanailova2015" class="citation news cs1">Danailova, Hilary (17 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thejewishweek.com/special-sections/jewish-journeys/roots-journeys-getting-ever-more-specific">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Roots' Journeys Getting Ever-More Specific"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Week" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jewish Week">The Jewish Week</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Week&rft.atitle=%27Roots%27+Journeys+Getting+Ever-More+Specific&rft.date=2015-06-17&rft.aulast=Danailova&rft.aufirst=Hilary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejewishweek.com%2Fspecial-sections%2Fjewish-journeys%2Froots-journeys-getting-ever-more-specific&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/JewishGen/FirstTimer.html">"JewishGen: First Timer"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen%3A+First+Timer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FJewishGen%2FFirstTimer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BaltimoreJewishTimes-Net-1996-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BaltimoreJewishTimes-Net-1996_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBesser1996" class="citation news cs1">Besser, James D. (3 May 1996). "Genealogy's Net Gain: The Internet allows amateur historians to pull up family information by the roots". <i><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Jewish_Times" title="Baltimore Jewish Times">Baltimore Jewish Times</a></i>. Vol. 229, no. 1. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0005-450X">0005-450X</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/222832658">222832658</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Baltimore+Jewish+Times&rft.atitle=Genealogy%27s+Net+Gain%3A+The+Internet+allows+amateur+historians+to+pull+up+family+information+by+the+roots&rft.volume=229&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=78&rft.date=1996-05-03&rft.issn=0005-450X&rft.aulast=Besser&rft.aufirst=James+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishgen.org/Education/">"JewishGen Learning Center"</a>. <i>www.jewishgen.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.jewishgen.org&rft.atitle=JewishGen+Learning+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishgen.org%2FEducation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJewishGen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.JewishGen.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mjhnyc.org/">Museum of Jewish Heritage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100714102220/http://www.mjhnyc.org/documents/MJH_MAP.pdf">Archived</a> 2010-07-14 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q820610#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q820610#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q820610#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/263655481">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2001065246">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007263581405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&oldid=1250312048">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&oldid=1250312048</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Genealogical_societies" title="Category:Genealogical societies">Genealogical societies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_genealogy" title="Category:Jewish genealogy">Jewish genealogy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_organizations_based_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Jewish organizations based in the United States">Jewish organizations based in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Non-profit_organizations_based_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Non-profit organizations based in New York City">Non-profit organizations based in New York City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_organizations" title="Category:Jewish organizations">Jewish organizations</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_organization_with_unknown_parameters" title="Category:Pages using infobox organization with unknown parameters">Pages using infobox organization with unknown parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia" title="Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia">Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 October 2024, at 17:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=JewishGen&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-q2gxl","wgBackendResponseTime":131,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.655","walltime":"0.758","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3096,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":71889,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1405,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":165927,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 699.643 1 -total"," 52.57% 367.811 1 Template:Reflist"," 23.20% 162.296 10 Template:Cite_news"," 18.55% 129.816 33 Template:Cite_web"," 14.92% 104.389 1 Template:Authority_control"," 12.54% 87.754 1 Template:Infobox_organization"," 11.39% 79.702 1 Template:Infobox"," 10.34% 72.316 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.52% 45.599 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.12% 35.829 5 Template:Cite_journal"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.440","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":5882371,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-849f99967d-db9pf","timestamp":"20241123114951","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"JewishGen","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JewishGen","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q820610","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q820610","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-03-06T01:53:25Z","dateModified":"2024-10-09T17:38:40Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/83\/Museum_of_jewish_heritage.jpg","headline":"international electronic resource for Jewish genealogy"}</script> </body> </html>