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waste tyre</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: shredded waste tyre"> <meta name="keywords" content="shredded waste tyre"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="shredded waste tyre"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2770</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: shredded waste tyre</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2530</span> An Analysis of The Philippines' Legal Transition from Open Dumpsites to Solid Waste Management Facilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Elenor%20Adagio">Mary Elenor Adagio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Roben%20Ambas"> John Roben Ambas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramilyn%20Bertolano"> Ramilyn Bertolano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julie%20Ann%20Garcia"> Julie Ann Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ecological Solid Waste Management has been a long-time concern in both national and international spheres. The exponential growth of waste generation is not properly matched with a waste management system that is cost-effective. As a result, governments and their communities within inevitably resort to the old ways of opening dumpsites to serve as a giant garbage bin. However, due to the environmental and public health problems these unmanaged dumpsites caused, countries like the Philippines mandated the closure of these dumpsites and converted them into or opened new sanitary landfills. This study aims to determine how the transition from open dumpsites to Solid Waste Management Facilities improve the implementation of the Solid Waste Management Framework of the government pursuant to Republic Act 9003. To test the hypothesis that the mandatory closure of dumpsites is better in the management of wastes in local government units, a review of related literature on analysis reports, news, and case studies was conducted. The results suggest that advocating for the transition of dumpsites to sanitary landfills would not only prevent environmental risks caused by pollution but also reduce problems regarding public health. Although this transition can be effective, data also show that with a lack of funding and resources, many local government units still find it difficult to provide their solid waste management plans and to adapt to the transition to sanitary landfills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management" title="solid waste management">solid waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20law" title=" environmental law"> environmental law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management%20facilities" title=" solid waste management facilities"> solid waste management facilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20dumpsites" title=" open dumpsites"> open dumpsites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146326/an-analysis-of-the-philippines-legal-transition-from-open-dumpsites-to-solid-waste-management-facilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146326.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2529</span> Conceptual Model of a Residential Waste Collection System Using ARENA Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruce%20G.%20Wilson">Bruce G. Wilson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The collection of municipal solid waste at the curbside is a complex operation that is repeated daily under varying circumstances around the world. There have been several attempts to develop Monte Carlo simulation models of the waste collection process dating back almost 50 years. Despite this long history, the use of simulation modeling as a planning or optimization tool for waste collection is still extremely limited in practice. Historically, simulation modeling of waste collection systems has been hampered by the limitations of computer hardware and software and by the availability of representative input data. This paper outlines the development of a Monte Carlo simulation model that overcomes many of the limitations contained in previous models. The model uses a general purpose simulation software program that is easily capable of modeling an entire waste collection network. The model treats the stops on a waste collection route as a queue of work to be processed by a collection vehicle (or server). Input data can be collected from a variety of sources including municipal geographic information systems, global positioning system recorders on collection vehicles, and weigh scales at transfer stations or treatment facilities. The result is a flexible model that is sufficiently robust that it can model the collection activities in a large municipality, while providing the flexibility to adapt to changing conditions on the collection route. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title="modeling">modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=queues" title=" queues"> queues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20waste%20collection" title=" residential waste collection"> residential waste collection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15259/conceptual-model-of-a-residential-waste-collection-system-using-arena-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2528</span> The Feasibility of Using Milled Glass Wastes in Concrete to Resist Freezing-Thawing Action</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raed%20Abendeh">Raed Abendeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mousa%20Bani%20Baker"> Mousa Bani Baker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaydoun%20Abu%20Salem"> Zaydoun Abu Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20Ahmad"> Hesham Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The using of waste materials in the construction industry can reduce the dependence on the natural aggregates which are going at the end to deplete. The glass waste is generated in a huge amount which can make one of its disposal in concrete industry effective not only as a green solution but also as an advantage to enhance the performance of mechanical properties and durability of concrete. This article reports the performance of concrete specimens containing different percentages of milled glass waste as a partial replacement of cement (Powder), when they are subject to cycles of freezing and thawing. The tests were conducted on 75-mm cubes and 75 x 75 x 300-mm prisms. Compressive strength based on laboratory testing and non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity test were performed during the action of freezing-thawing cycles (F/T). The results revealed that the incorporation of glass waste in concrete mixtures is not only feasible but also showed generally better strength and durability performance than control concrete mixture. It may be said that the recycling of waste glass in concrete mixes is not only a disposal way, but also it can be an exploitation in concrete industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20waste" title=" glass waste"> glass waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze-thaw%20cycles" title=" freeze-thaw cycles"> freeze-thaw cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20test" title=" non-destructive test"> non-destructive test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31024/the-feasibility-of-using-milled-glass-wastes-in-concrete-to-resist-freezing-thawing-action" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2527</span> Seasonal Influence on Environmental Indicators of Beach Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcus%20C.%20Garcia">Marcus C. Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giselle%20C.%20Guimar%C3%A3es"> Giselle C. Guimarães</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luciana%20H.%20Yamane"> Luciana H. Yamane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renato%20R.%20Siman"> Renato R. Siman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The environmental indicators and the classification of beach waste are essential tools to diagnose the current situation and to indicate ways to improve the quality of this environment. The purpose of this paper was to perform a quali-quantitative analysis of the beach waste on the Curva da Jurema Beach (Espírito Santo - Brazil). Three transects were used with equidistant positioning over the total length of the beach for the solid waste collection. Solid wastes were later classified according to their use and primary raw material from the low and high summer season. During the low season, average values of 7.10 items.m<sup>-1</sup>, 18.22 g.m<sup>-1</sup> and 0.91 g.m<sup>-2</sup> were found for the whole beach, and transect 3 contributed the most waste, with the total sum of items equal to 999 (49%), a total mass of 5.62 kg and a total volume of 21.31 L. During the high summer season, average values of 8.22 items.m<sup>-1</sup>, 54.40 g.m<sup>-1</sup> and 2.72 g.m<sup>-2</sup> were found, with transect 2 contributing the most to the total sum with 1,212 items (53%), a total mass of 10.76 kg and a total volume of 51.99 L. Of the total collected, plastic materials represented 51.4% of the total number of items, 35.9% of the total mass and 68% of the total volume. The implementation of reactive and proactive measures is necessary so that the management of the solid wastes on Curva da Jurema Beach is in accordance with principles of sustainability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beach%20solid%20waste" title="beach solid waste">beach solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20indicators" title=" environmental indicators"> environmental indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quali-quantitative%20analysis" title=" quali-quantitative analysis"> quali-quantitative analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60976/seasonal-influence-on-environmental-indicators-of-beach-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2526</span> Organic Waste Valorization for Biodiesel Production: Chemical and Biological Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meha%20Alouini">Meha Alouini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wissem%20Mnif"> Wissem Mnif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmine%20Souissi"> Yasmine Souissi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work will be conducted within the framework of the environmental sustainable development. It involves waste recovering into biodiesel fuel. Low cost feedstocks such as waste of frying oil and animal fats have been utilized to replace refined vegetable oil for biodiesel production. Biodiesel which refers to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) was carried out by both chemical and enzymatic reaction of transesterification. In order to compare the two studied reactions the obtained biodiesel was characterized by determining its esters content and its fuel properties according to the European standard EN 14214. It was noted that the chemical method gave the product with the best physical property. But the biological one was found more effective for obtaining important ester content. Thus it would be interesting to optimize the enzymatic pathway of production of biodiesel to obtain a better property of biodiesel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatty%20acid%20methyl%20esters" title=" fatty acid methyl esters"> fatty acid methyl esters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20frying%20oil" title=" waste frying oil"> waste frying oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20beef%20fat" title=" waste beef fat"> waste beef fat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14274/organic-waste-valorization-for-biodiesel-production-chemical-and-biological-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2525</span> Identify the Risks Factors and Problems of Waste Management in Developing Countries as Hurdles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Ahmad">Zubair Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to analyze the risks factors and issues with waste management in developing nations as barriers. Depending on their content and categorization, wastes are managed differently. Waste management strategies differ for liquid, solid, and organic wastes. The final stage of trash disposal entails procedures like burning, interment, recycling, and treatment. Due to the rising creation of solid waste, the growing urban population has a magnified impact on the environment and public health. All regions, but especially informal urban neighborhoods, tribal villages, and official rural settlements have a protracted backlog in waste services. Another significant impediment seen in the developing world is a lack of education and awareness of effective waste-management practices. Unauthorized dumpsites pose a serious risk to the environment since they could contain dangerous elements like radioactive, infectious, and toxic waste. Wealthier individuals are more inclined to think that their actions will have an impact on environmental problems and to act to address them. Waste managers need to take action to make sure the public is given information that is consistent with what they currently know. The results of the data analysis conducted with the aid of the various methodologies discussed in the preceding chapter are presented in this chapter by the researcher. Descriptive analysis has been used in research to determine whether or not there are relationships between variables and to determine the importance of the variables. According to a survey, there are no efforts being made to lessen the odor that garbage dump sites emit (in terms of treating or recycling the material placed at dumpsite) This might be the case since respondents only commented on the waste management conditions in their immediate surroundings and may not have fully understood the steps taken to resolve this issue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor%20of%20waste%20material" title="risk factor of waste material">risk factor of waste material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lack%20of%20awareness" title=" lack of awareness"> lack of awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries%20struggles" title=" developing countries struggles"> developing countries struggles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166608/identify-the-risks-factors-and-problems-of-waste-management-in-developing-countries-as-hurdles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2524</span> Impact of Sociocultural Factors on Management and Utilization of Solid Waste in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olufunmilayo%20Folaranmi">Olufunmilayo Folaranmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research was carried out to examine the impact of socio-cultural factors on the management and utilization of solid waste in Ibadan Metropolis. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study while a systematic and stratified random sampling technique was used to select 300 respondents which were categorized into high, middle and low-density areas. Four hypothesis were tested using chi-square test on variables of unavailability of waste disposal facilities and waste management, negligence of contractors to liaise with community members, lack of adequate environmental education and waste management and utilization, low level of motivation of sanitation workers with solid wastes management, lack of community full participation with solid waste management and utilization. Results showed that significant effect of waste disposal facilities on solid waste management and utilization (X2 +16.6, P < .05). Also, there is a significant relationship between negligence of the contractors to liaise with community elites with improper disposal (X2 = 87.5, P < .05). The motivation of sanitation workers is significantly related to solid waste management (X2 = 70.4, P < .05). Adequate environmental education and awareness influenced solid waste management. There was also a significant relationship between lack of community participation with waste management disposal and improper waste disposal. Based on the findings from the study it was recommended that the quality of life in urban centers should be improved, social welfare of the populace enhanced and environment should be adequately attended to. Poverty alleviation programmes should be intensified and made to live beyond the life of a particular administration, micro-credit facilities should be available to community members to promote their welfare. Lastly, sustained environmental education programmes for citizens at all levels of education, formal and informal through the use of agencies like Ethical and Attitudinal Reorientation Commission (EARCOM) and the National Orientation Agency (NOA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title="management">management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20welfare" title=" social welfare"> social welfare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-cultural%20factors" title=" socio-cultural factors"> socio-cultural factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste" title=" solid waste"> solid waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86024/impact-of-sociocultural-factors-on-management-and-utilization-of-solid-waste-in-ibadan-metropolis-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2523</span> Development of a Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management for an Urban Area: Case Study from a Developing Country</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anil%20Kumar%20Gupta">Anil Kumar Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dronadula%20Venkata%20Sai%20Praneeth"> Dronadula Venkata Sai Praneeth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brajesh%20%20Dubey"> Brajesh Dubey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arundhuti%20Devi"> Arundhuti Devi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suravi%20Kalita"> Suravi Kalita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khanindra%20Sharma"> Khanindra Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increase in urbanization and industrialization have led to improve in the standard of living. However, at the same time, the challenges due to improper solid waste management are also increasing. Municipal Solid Waste management is considered as a vital step in the development of urban infrastructure. The present study focuses on developing a solid waste management plan for an urban area in a developing country. The current scenario of solid waste management practices at various urban bodies in India is summarized. Guwahati city in the northeastern part of the country and is also one of the targeted smart cities (under the governments Smart Cities program) was chosen as case study to develop and implement the solid waste management plan. The whole city was divided into various divisions and waste samples were collected according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) - D5231-92 - 2016 for each division in the city and a composite sample prepared to represent the waste from the entire city. The solid waste characterization in terms of physical and chemical which includes mainly proximate and ultimate analysis were carried out. Existing primary and secondary collection systems were studied and possibilities of enhancing the collection systems were discussed. The composition of solid waste for the overall city was found to be as: organic matters 38%, plastic 27%, paper + cardboard 15%, Textile 9%, inert 7% and others 4%. During the conference presentation, further characterization results in terms of Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), pH and water holding capacity will be discussed. The waste management options optimizing activities such as recycling, recovery, reuse and reduce will be presented and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximate" title="proximate">proximate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20gravimetric%20analysis%20%28TGA%29" title=" thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)"> thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management" title=" solid waste management"> solid waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87963/development-of-a-sustainable-municipal-solid-waste-management-for-an-urban-area-case-study-from-a-developing-country" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2522</span> Enablers and Inhibitors of Effective Waste Management Measures in Informal Settlements in South Africa: A Case of Alaska</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynda%20C.%20Mbadugha">Lynda C. Mbadugha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bankole%20Awuzie"> Bankole Awuzie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwanda%20Khumalo"> Kwanda Khumalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindokuhle%20Matsebula"> Lindokuhle Matsebula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masenoke%20Kgaditsi"> Masenoke Kgaditsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inadequate waste management remains a fundamental issue in the majority of cities around the globe, but it becomes a threat when it concerns informal settlements. Although studies have evaluated the performance of waste management measures, only a few have addressed that with a focus on South African informal settlements and the reasons for their apparent ineffectiveness in such locations. However, there may be evidence of variations in the extant problems due to the uniqueness of each location and the factors influencing the performance. Thus, there is a knowledge deficit regarding implementing waste management measures in South African informal settlements. This study seeks to evaluate the efficacy of waste management measures in the Alaska informal settlement in South Africa to assess the previously collected data of other areas using the degree of correlation. The research investigated a real-world scenario in the specified location using a case study approach and multiple data sources. The findings described various waste management practices used in Alaska's informal settlements; however, a correlation was found between the performance of these measures and those already used. The observed differences are primarily attributable to the physical characteristics of the locations, the lack of understanding of the environmental and health consequences of careless waste disposal, and the negative attitudes of the residents toward waste management practices. This study elucidates waste management implementation in informal settlements. It contributes to the relevant bodies of knowledge by describing these practices in South Africa. This paper's practical value emphasizes the general waste management characteristics of South Africa's informal settlements to facilitate the planning and provision of necessary interventions. The study concludes that the enablers and inhibitors are mainly political, behavioral, and environmental concerns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors" title="factors">factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=informal%20settlement" title=" informal settlement"> informal settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171377/enablers-and-inhibitors-of-effective-waste-management-measures-in-informal-settlements-in-south-africa-a-case-of-alaska" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2521</span> Solid Waste Management Challenges and Possible Solution in Kabul City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghulam%20Haider%20Haidaree">Ghulam Haider Haidaree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nsenda%20Lukumwena"> Nsenda Lukumwena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most developing nations face energy production and supply problems. This is also the case of Afghanistan whose generating capacity does not meet its energy demand. This is due in part to high security and risk caused by war which deters foreign investments and insufficient internal revenue. To address the issue above, this paper would like to suggest an alternative and affordable way to deal with the energy problem. That is by converting Solid Waste to energy. As a result, this approach tackles the municipal solid waste issue (potential cause of several diseases), contributes to the improvement of the quality of life, local economy, and so on. While addressing the solid waste problem in general, this paper samples specifically one municipality which is District-12, one of the 22 districts of Kabul city. Using geographic information system (GIS) technology, District-12 is divided into nine different zones whose municipal solid waste is respectively collected, processed, and converted into electricity and distributed to the closest area. It is important to mention that GIS has been used to estimate the amount of electricity to be distributed and to optimally position the production plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20problem" title="energy problem">energy problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation%20of%20electricity" title=" estimation of electricity"> estimation of electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS%20zones" title=" GIS zones"> GIS zones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management%20system" title=" solid waste management system"> solid waste management system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65289/solid-waste-management-challenges-and-possible-solution-in-kabul-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2520</span> Effect of Flux Salts on the Recovery Extent and Quality of Metal Values from Spent Rechargeable Lead Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20A%20Rabah">Mahmoud A Rabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabah%20M.%20Abelbasir"> Sabah M. Abelbasir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lead-calcium alloy containing up to 0.10% calcium was recovered from spent rechargeable sealed acid lead batteries. Two techniques were investigated to explore the effect of flux salts on the extent and quality of the recovered alloy, pyro-metallurgical and electrochemical methods. About 10 kg of the spent batteries were collected for testing. The sample was washed with hot water and dried. The plastic cases of the batteries were mechanically cut, and the contents were dismantled manually, the plastic containers were shredded for recycling. The electrode plates were freed from the loose powder and placed in SiC crucible and covered with alkali chloride salts. The loaded crucible was heated in an electronically controlled chamber furnace type Nabertherm C3 at temperatures up to 800 °C. The obtained metals were analyzed. The effect of temperature, rate of heating, atmospheric conditions, composition of the flux salts on the extent and quality of the recovered products were studied. Results revealed that the spent rechargeable batteries contain 6 blocks of 6 plates of Pb-Ca alloy each. Direct heating of these plates in a silicon carbide crucible under ambient conditions produces lead metal poor in calcium content ( < 0.07%) due to partial oxidation of the alloying calcium element. Rate of temperature increase has a considerable effect on the yield of the lead alloy extraction. Flux salts composition benefits the recovery process. Sodium salts are more powerful as compared to potassium salts. Lead calcium alloy meeting the standard specification was successfully recovered from the spent rechargeable acid lead batteries with a very competitive cost to the same alloy prepared from primary resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rechargeable%20lead%20batteries" title="rechargeable lead batteries">rechargeable lead batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead-calcium%20alloy" title=" lead-calcium alloy"> lead-calcium alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20recovery" title=" waste recovery"> waste recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flux%20salts" title=" flux salts"> flux salts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20recovery" title=" thermal recovery"> thermal recovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78511/effect-of-flux-salts-on-the-recovery-extent-and-quality-of-metal-values-from-spent-rechargeable-lead-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2519</span> Qualitative and Quantitative Characterization of Generated Waste in Nouri Petrochemical Complex, Assaluyeh, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Heidari">L. Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jalili%20Ghazizade"> M. Jalili Ghazizade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, different petrochemical complexes have been established to produce aromatic compounds. Among them, Nouri Petrochemical Complex (NPC) is the largest producer of aromatic raw materials in the world, and is located in south of Iran. Environmental concerns have been raised in this region due to generation of different types of solid waste generated in the process of aromatics production, and subsequently, industrial waste characterization has been thoroughly considered. The aim of this study is qualitative and quantitative characterization of industrial waste generated in the aromatics production process and determination of the best method for industrial waste management. For this purpose, all generated industrial waste during the production process was determined using a checklist. Four main industrial wastes were identified as follows: spent industrial soil, spent catalyst, spent molecular sieves and spent N-formyl morpholine (NFM) solvent. The amount of heavy metals and organic compounds in these wastes were further measured in order to identify the nature and toxicity of such a dangerous compound. Then industrial wastes were classified based on lab analysis results as well as using different international lists of hazardous waste identification such as EPA, UNEP and Basel Convention. Finally, the best method of waste disposal is selected based on environmental, economic and technical aspects.  <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aromatic%20compounds" title="aromatic compounds">aromatic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20soil" title=" industrial soil"> industrial soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20sieve" title=" molecular sieve"> molecular sieve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20formyl%20morpholine%20solvent" title=" normal formyl morpholine solvent"> normal formyl morpholine solvent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73085/qualitative-and-quantitative-characterization-of-generated-waste-in-nouri-petrochemical-complex-assaluyeh-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2518</span> Valorisation of Polyethylene and Plastic Bottle Wastes as Pavement Blocks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babagana%20Mohammed">Babagana Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fidelis%20Patrick%20Afangide"> Fidelis Patrick Afangide</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigated the possibility of using waste low-dense polyethylene and waste plastic bottles for the production of interlock pavement blocks. In many parts of the world, interlock pavement block is used widely as modern day solution to outdoor flooring applications and the blocks have different shapes, sizes and colours suiting the imagination of landscape architects. Using suitable and conventional mould having a 220 x 135 x 50 mm³ shape, the interlock blocks were produced. The material constituents of the produced blocks were waste low-dense polyethylene and waste plastic bottles mixed in varying, respective percentage-weight proportions of; 100%+0%, 75%+25%, 50%+50% and 25%+75%. The blocks were then tested for unconfined compressive strength and water absorption properties. The test results compared well with those of conventional concrete interlock blocks and the research demonstrates the possibility of value recovery from the waste streams which are currently dumped in open-spaces thereby affecting the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavement%20blocks" title="pavement blocks">pavement blocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyethylene" title=" polyethylene"> polyethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20bottle" title=" plastic bottle"> plastic bottle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastes" title=" wastes"> wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title=" valorization"> valorization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79947/valorisation-of-polyethylene-and-plastic-bottle-wastes-as-pavement-blocks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2517</span> Waste Management in a Hot Laboratory of Japan Atomic Energy Agency – 2: Condensation and Solidification Experiments on Liquid Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sou%20Watanabe">Sou Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiromichi%20Ogi"> Hiromichi Ogi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atsuhiro%20Shibata"> Atsuhiro Shibata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazunori%20Nomura"> Kazunori Nomura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a part of STRAD project conducted by JAEA, condensation of radioactive liquid waste containing various chemical compounds using reverse osmosis (RO) membrane filter was examined for efficient and safety treatment of the liquid wastes accumulated inside hot laboratories. NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> ion in the feed solution was successfully concentrated, and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> ion involved in the effluents became lower than target value; 100 ppm. Solidification of simulated aqueous and organic liquid wastes was also tested. Those liquids were successfully solidified by adding cement or coagulants. Nevertheless, optimization in materials for confinement of chemicals is required for long time storage of the final solidified wastes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation" title="condensation">condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactive%20liquid%20waste" title=" radioactive liquid waste"> radioactive liquid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidification" title=" solidification"> solidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STRAD%20project" title=" STRAD project"> STRAD project</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104557/waste-management-in-a-hot-laboratory-of-japan-atomic-energy-agency-2-condensation-and-solidification-experiments-on-liquid-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2516</span> Evaluation of Different Waste Management Planning Strategies in an Industrial City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20H.%20Khiabani">Leila H. Khiabani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadreza%20%20Vafaee"> Mohammadreza Vafaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farshad%20%20Hashemzadeh"> Farshad Hashemzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Industrial waste management regulates different stages of production, storage, transfer, recycling and waste disposal. There are several common practices for industrial waste management. However, due to various local health, economic, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations, the most optimal principles and measures often vary at each specific industrial zone. In addition, waste management strategies are heavily impacted by local administrative, legal, and financial regulations. In this study, a hybrid qualitative and quantitative research methodology has been designed for waste management planning in an industrial city. Firstly, following a qualitative research methodology, the most relevant waste management strategies for the specific industrial city were identified through interviews with environmental planning and waste management experts. Forty experts participated in this study. Alborz industrial city in Iran, which hosts more than one thousand industrial units in nine hundred acres, was chosen as the sample industrial city in this study. The findings from the expert interviews at the first phase were then used to design a quantitative questionnaire for the second phase of the study. The aim of the questionnaire was to quantify the relative impact of different waste management strategies in the sample industrial city. Eight waste management strategies and three implementation policies were included in the questionnaire. The experts were asked to rank the relative effectiveness of each strategy for environmental planning of the sample industrial city. They were also asked to rank the relative effectiveness of each planning policy on each of the waste management strategies. In the end, the weighted average of all the responses was calculated to identify the most effective waste management strategy and planning policies for the sample industrial city. The results suggested that among the eight suggested waste management strategies, industrial composting is the most effective (31%) strategy based on the collective evaluation of the local expert. Additionally, the results suggested that the most effective policy (58%) in the city’s environmental planning is to reduce waste generation by prolonging the effective life of industrial products using higher quality and recyclable materials. These findings can provide useful expert guidelines for prioritization between different waste management strategies in the city’s overall environmental planning roadmap. The findings may also be applicable to similar industrial cities. In addition, a similar methodology can be utilized in the environmental planning of other industrial cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20planning" title="environmental planning">environmental planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20city" title=" industrial city"> industrial city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20research" title=" quantitative research"> quantitative research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132390/evaluation-of-different-waste-management-planning-strategies-in-an-industrial-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2515</span> Investigation the Effect of Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates with Ceramic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yared%20Assefa%20Demessie">Yared Assefa Demessie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study may help to establish the appropriateness of ceramic waste aggregate for concrete production since it is obviously understood that the rising from continuous urbanization and industrialization development leads depletion of natural construction resource and the disposal of waste material. It can be used as base to conduct a study on the alternative readily available materials like ceramic industrial waste aggregates can lead to environmental concrete. The study assessed the fresh and hardened properties of the concrete produced by replacing part of the natural fine aggregate with an aggregate produced from ceramic industrial waste. In the study, experimental investigation was employed which involved two major tasks: material specifications and experimental evaluation of concrete were done in the laboratory. Experimental investigations such that workability, unit weight, compressive strength test, tensile strength test and flexural strength test for C-25 concrete mixes with different percentages of ceramic industrial waste aggregate after a curing period of 7 and 28 days has done and interpreted the result statically using mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20industrial%20waste" title="ceramic industrial waste">ceramic industrial waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fresh%20concrete" title=" fresh concrete"> fresh concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardened%20concrete" title=" hardened concrete"> hardened concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20aggregate" title=" fine aggregate"> fine aggregate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183198/investigation-the-effect-of-partial-replacement-of-fine-aggregates-with-ceramic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2514</span> Application Use of Slaughterhouse Waste to Improve Nutrient Level in Apium glaviolens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Basri%20Jumin">Hasan Basri Jumin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using the slaughterhouse waste combined to suitable dose of nitrogen fertilizer to Apium glaviolen gives the significant effect to mean relative growth rate. The same pattern also showed significantly in net assimilation rate. The net assimilation rate increased significantly during 42 days old plants. Combination of treatment of 100 ml/l animal slaughterhouse waste and 0.1 g/kg nitrogen fertilizer/kg soil increased the vegetative growth of Apium glaviolens. The biomass of plant and mean relative growth rate of Apium glaviolens were rapidly increased in 4 weeks after planting and gradually decreased after 35 days at the harvest time. Combination of 100 ml/l slaughterhouse waste and applied 0.1 g/kg nitrogen fertilizer has increased all parameters. The highest vegetative growth, biomass, mean relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were received from 0.56 mg-l.m-2.days-1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apium%20glaviolent" title="Apium glaviolent">Apium glaviolent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollutant" title=" pollutant"> pollutant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slaughterhouse" title=" slaughterhouse"> slaughterhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87586/application-use-of-slaughterhouse-waste-to-improve-nutrient-level-in-apium-glaviolens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2513</span> Poor Medical Waste Management (MWM) Practices and Its Risks to Human Health and the Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babanyara%20Y.%20Y.">Babanyara Y. Y.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20D.%20B."> Ibrahim D. B.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garba%20T."> Garba T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogoro%20A.%20G."> Bogoro A. G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar"> Abubakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y."> M. Y.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical care is vital for our life, health, and well-being. However, the waste generated from medical activities can be hazardous, toxic, and even lethal because of their high potential for diseases transmission. The hazardous and toxic parts of waste from healthcare establishments comprising infectious, medical, and radioactive material as well as sharps constitute a grave risks to mankind and the environment, if these are not properly treated/disposed or are allowed to be mixed with other municipal waste. In Nigeria, practical information on this aspect is inadequate and research on the public health implications of poor management of medical wastes is few and limited in scope. Findings drawn from Literature particularly in the third world countries highlights financial problems, lack of awareness of risks involved in MWM, lack of appropriate legislation and lack of specialized MWM staff. The paper recommends how MWM practices can be improved in medical facilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20pollution" title="environmental pollution">environmental pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infectious" title=" infectious"> infectious</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20waste" title=" medical waste"> medical waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health" title=" public health"> public health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2780/poor-medical-waste-management-mwm-practices-and-its-risks-to-human-health-and-the-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2512</span> Determination of the Shear Strength of Wastes Using Back-Analyses from Observed Failures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadek%20Salah">Sadek Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The determination of the strength characteristics of waste materials is essential when evaluating the stability of waste fills during initial placement and at the time of closure and rehabilitation of the landfill. Significant efforts, mostly experimental, have been deployed to date in attempts to quantify the mechanical properties of municipal wastes various stages of decomposition. Even though the studies and work done so far have helped in setting baseline parameters and characteristics for waste materials, inherent concerns remain as to the scalability of the findings between the laboratory and the field along with questions as to the suitability of the actual test conditions. These concerns are compounded by the complexity of the problem itself with significant variability in composition, placement conditions, and levels of decay of the various constituents of the waste fills. A complimentary, if not necessarily an alternative approach is to rely on field observations of behavior and instability of such materials. This paper describes an effort at obtaining relevant shear strength parameters from back-analyses of failures which have been observed at a major un-engineered waste fill along the Mediterranean shoreline. Results from the limit-equilibrium failure back-analyses are presented and compared to results from laboratory-scale testing on comparable waste materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste" title="solid waste">solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfills" title=" landfills"> landfills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope%20stability" title=" slope stability"> slope stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54780/determination-of-the-shear-strength-of-wastes-using-back-analyses-from-observed-failures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">242</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2511</span> Modeling of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Concrete for Filling Trenches in Radioactive Waste Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilija%20Plecas">Ilija Plecas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalibor%20Arbutina"> Dalibor Arbutina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leaching rate of 60Co from spent mix bead (anion and cation) exchange resins in a cement-bentonite matrix has been studied. Transport phenomena involved in the leaching of a radioactive material from a cement-bentonite matrix are investigated using three methods based on theoretical equations. These are: the diffusion equation for a plane source, an equation for diffusion coupled to a first order equation and an empirical method employing a polynomial equation. The results presented in this paper are from a 25-year mortar and concrete testing project that will influence the design choices for radioactive waste packaging for a future Serbian radioactive waste disposal center. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title="cement">cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilization" title=" immobilization"> immobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching" title=" leaching"> leaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability"> permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactivity" title=" radioactivity"> radioactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14368/modeling-of-physico-chemical-characteristics-of-concrete-for-filling-trenches-in-radioactive-waste-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2510</span> Facilitating Waste Management to Achieve Sustainable Residential Built Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingy%20Ibrahim%20El-Darwish">Ingy Ibrahim El-Darwish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neveen%20Youssef%20Azmy"> Neveen Youssef Azmy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The endowment of a healthy environment can be implemented by endorsing sustainable fundamentals. Design of sustainable buildings through recycling of waste, can reduce health problems, provide good environments and contribute to the aesthetically pleasing entourage. Such environments can help in providing energy-saving alternatives to consolidate the principles of sustainability. The poor community awareness and the absence of laws and legislation in Egypt for waste management specifically in residential areas have led to an inability to provide an integrated system for waste management in urban and rural areas. Many problems and environmental challenges face the Egyptian urban environments. From these problems, is the lack of a cohesive vision for waste collection and recycling for energy-saving. The second problem is the lack public awareness of the short term and long term vision of waste management. Bad practices have adversely affected the efficiency of environmental management systems due to lack of urban legislations that codify collection and recycling of residential communities in Egyptian urban environments. Hence, this research tries to address residents on waste management matters to facilitate legislative process on waste collection and classification within residential units and outside them in a preparation phase for recycling in the Egyptian urban environments. In order to achieve this goal, one of the Egyptian communities has been addressed, analyzed and studied. Waste collection, classification, separation and access to recycling places in the urban city are proposed in preparation for a legislation ruling and regulating the process. Hence, sustainable principles are to be achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title="recycling">recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste" title=" waste"> waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81564/facilitating-waste-management-to-achieve-sustainable-residential-built-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2509</span> An Integrated Approach to Solid Waste Management of Karachi, Pakistan (Waste-to-Energy Options)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engineer%20Dilnawaz%20Shah">Engineer Dilnawaz Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solid Waste Management (SWM) is perhaps one of the most important elements constituting the environmental health and sanitation of the urban developing sector. The management system has several components that are integrated as well as interdependent; thus, the efficiency and effectiveness of the entire system are affected when any of its functional components fails or does not perform up to the level mark of operation. Sindh Solid Waste Management Board (SSWMB) is responsible for the management of solid waste in the entire city. There is a need to adopt the engineered approach in the redesigning of the existing system. In most towns, street sweeping operations have been mechanized and done by machinery operated by vehicles. Construction of Garbage Transfer Stations (GTS) at a number of locations within the city will cut the cost of transportation of waste to disposal sites. Material processing, recovery of recyclables, compaction, volume reduction, and increase in density will enable transportation of waste to disposal sites/landfills via long vehicles (bulk transport), minimizing transport/traffic and environmental pollution-related issues. Development of disposal sites into proper sanitary landfill sites is mandatory. The transportation mechanism is through garbage vehicles using either hauled or fixed container systems employing crew for mechanical or manual loading. The number of garbage vehicles is inadequate, and due to comparatively long haulage to disposal sites, there are certain problems of frequent vehicular maintenance and high fuel costs. Foreign investors have shown interest in enterprising improvement schemes and proposed operating a solid waste management system in Karachi. The waste to Energy option is being considered to provide a practical answer to be adopted to generate power and reduce waste load – a two-pronged solution for the increasing environmental problem. The paper presents results and analysis of a recent study into waste generation and characterization probing into waste-to-energy options for Karachi City. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20to%20energy%20option" title="waste to energy option">waste to energy option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20approach" title=" integrated approach"> integrated approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste%20management" title=" solid waste management"> solid waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20and%20chemical%20composition%20of%20waste%20in%20Karachi" title=" physical and chemical composition of waste in Karachi"> physical and chemical composition of waste in Karachi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186319/an-integrated-approach-to-solid-waste-management-of-karachi-pakistan-waste-to-energy-options" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2508</span> Utilization of Solid Waste Materials to Produce Glass-Ceramic Tiles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonjida%20Mustafia">Sonjida Mustafia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glass-ceramic is a material that contains both the properties of glass and ceramic within. They always contain a residual glassy phase and one or more embedded crystalline phases. Ceramic tiles are very popular in the world because of their high structural strength, low absorption, increased hygiene, and hot and cold insulation. Glass-ceramic materials are used to produce marble-like floor and wall tiles. There are a huge amount of waste materials like rice husk ash (RHA), waste iron, waste glass, and other industrial solid waste in Bangladesh, which can be used to produce glass-ceramic floor and wall tiles. The raw materials (rice husk ash, waste glass, and k-feldspar) are a mixture, and the mixture is melted to form glass frit at 1175°C. The frits are grained to require fine particle size. The powder is moistened in 7-8% water with sodium silicate. The green glass-ceramic tiles were fired at different temperatures (800–1100°C) for a soaking time of 1 hour to form glass-ceramic tiles and to study the sintering-crystallization process. The results reveal that the modulus of rupture increases with increasing sintering temperature and reaches the highest value (95.25Mpa) at 925°C. Glossiness and linear shrinkage increase with increasing temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20husk%20ash" title="rice husk ash">rice husk ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20glass" title=" waste glass"> waste glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass-ceramic" title=" glass-ceramic"> glass-ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulus%20of%20rupture" title=" modulus of rupture"> modulus of rupture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glossiness" title=" glossiness"> glossiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20shrinkage" title=" linear shrinkage"> linear shrinkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-structure" title=" micro-structure"> micro-structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161261/utilization-of-solid-waste-materials-to-produce-glass-ceramic-tiles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2507</span> Experimental Study of Mechanical and Durability Properties of HPC Made with Binary Blends of Cement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vatsal%20Patel">Vatsal Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niraj%20Shah"> Niraj Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the research reported in this paper is to assess the Strength and durability performance of High Performance Concrete containing different percentages of waste marble powder produced from marble industry. Concrete mixes possessing a target mean compressive strength of 70MPa were prepared with 0%,5%,10%,15% and 20% cement replacement by waste marble powder with W/B =0.33. More specifically, the compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride penetration, sorptivity and accelerated corrosion were determined. Concrete containing 10% waste marble powder proved to have best Mechanical and durability properties than other mixtures made with binary blends. However, poorer performance was noticeable when replacement percentage was higher. The replacement of Waste Marble Powder will have major environmental benefits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20performance%20concrete" title=" high performance concrete"> high performance concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marble%20waste%20powder" title=" marble waste powder"> marble waste powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorptivity" title=" sorptivity"> sorptivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20corrosion" title=" accelerated corrosion"> accelerated corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33418/experimental-study-of-mechanical-and-durability-properties-of-hpc-made-with-binary-blends-of-cement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2506</span> Co-Pyrolysis Characteristics of Waste Polyolefins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si%CC%87nem%20U%C4%9Fuz">Si̇nem Uğuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuksel%20Ardali"> Yuksel Ardali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays rapid population growth causes a mandatory increase in consumption. As a result of production activities which meet this consumption, energy sources decrease rapidly on our world. As well as with this production activities various waste occurs. At the end of the production and accumulation of this waste need a mandatory disposal. In this context, copyrolysis of waste polyolefins were investigated. In this study for pyrolysis process, polyethylene and polyprophylene are selected as polyolefins. The pyrolysis behavior (efficiency of solid, liquid and gas production) of selected materials were examined at the different temperatures and different mixtures. Pyrolysis process was carried out at 550 °C and 600 °C without air in a fixed bed pyrolysis oven solid under the nitrogen flow to provide inertness of medium. Elemental analyses (C, H, O, N, S) of this solid and liquid (bitumen) products were made and the calorific value was calculated. The availability of liquid product as a fuel was investigated. In addition different products’ amounts formed like solid, liquid and gas at different temperatures were evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20energy" title="alternative energy">alternative energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elemental%20analysis" title=" elemental analysis"> elemental analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolysis" title=" pyrolysis"> pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20reduction" title=" waste reduction"> waste reduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54584/co-pyrolysis-characteristics-of-waste-polyolefins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2505</span> Generation of Waste Streams in Small Model Reactors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Mostofian">Sara Mostofian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nuclear industry is a technology that can fulfill future energy needs but requires special attention to ensure safety and reliability while minimizing any environmental impact. To meet these expectations, the nuclear industry is exploring different reactor technologies for power production. Several designs are under development and the technical viability of these new designs is the subject of many ongoing studies. One of these studies considers the radioactive emissions and radioactive waste generated during the life of a nuclear power production plant to allow a successful license process. For all the modern technologies, a good understanding of the radioactivity generated in the process systems of the plant is essential. Some of that understanding may be gleaned from the performance of some prototype reactors of similar design that operated decades ago. This paper presents how, with that understanding, a model can be developed to estimate the emissions as well as the radioactive waste during the normal operation of a nuclear power plant. The model would predict the radioactive material concentrations in different waste streams. Using this information, the radioactive emission and waste generated during the life of these new technologies can be estimated during the early stages of the design of the plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMRs" title="SMRs">SMRs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activity%20transport" title=" activity transport"> activity transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactive%20waste" title=" radioactive waste"> radioactive waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162802/generation-of-waste-streams-in-small-model-reactors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2504</span> Carbon Nanotubes Based Porous Framework for Filtration Applications Using Industrial Grinding Waste </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20J.%20Pillewan">V. J. Pillewan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20N.%20Raut"> D. N. Raut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20N.%20Patil"> K. N. Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20K.%20Shinde"> D. K. Shinde </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forging, milling, turning, grinding and shaping etc. are the various industrial manufacturing processes which generate the metal waste. Grinding is extensively used in the finishing operation. The waste generated contains significant impurities apart from the metal particles. Due to these significant impurities, it becomes difficult to process and gets usually dumped in the landfills which create environmental problems. Therefore, it becomes essential to reuse metal waste to create value added products. Powder injection molding process is used for producing the porous metal matrix framework. This paper discusses the presented design of the porous framework to be used for the liquid filter application. Different parameters are optimized to obtain the better strength framework with variable porosity. Carbon nanotubes are used as reinforcing materials to enhance the strength of the metal matrix framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grinding%20waste" title="grinding waste">grinding waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20injection%20molding%20%28PIM%29" title=" powder injection molding (PIM)"> powder injection molding (PIM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotubes%20%28CNTs%29" title=" carbon nanotubes (CNTs)"> carbon nanotubes (CNTs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20composites%20%28MMCs%29" title=" matrix composites (MMCs)"> matrix composites (MMCs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64194/carbon-nanotubes-based-porous-framework-for-filtration-applications-using-industrial-grinding-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2503</span> A Method Development for Improving the Efficiency of Solid Waste Collection System Using Network Analyst</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhvanidevi%20N.%20Jadeja">Dhvanidevi N. Jadeja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daya%20S.%20Kaul"> Daya S. Kaul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20A.%20Kandya"> Anurag A. Kandya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collection in a city is performed in less effective manner which results in the poor management of the environment and natural resources. Municipal corporation does not possess efficient waste management and recycling programs because of the complex task involving many factors. Solid waste collection system depends upon various factors such as manpower, number and size of vehicles, transfer station size, dustbin size and weight, on-road traffic, and many others. These factors affect the collection cost, energy and overall municipal tax for the city. Generally, different types of waste are scattered throughout the city in a heterogeneous way that poses changes for efficient collection of solid waste. Efficient waste collection and transportation strategy must be effectively undertaken which will include optimization of routes, volume of waste, and manpower. Being these optimized, the overall cost can be reduced as the fuel and energy requirements would be less and also the municipal waste taxes levied will be less. To carry out the optimization study of collection system various data needs to be collected from the Ahmedabad municipal corporation such as amount of waste generated per day, number of workers, collection schedule, road maps, number of transfer station, location of transfer station, number of equipment (tractors, machineries), number of zones, route of collection etc. The ArcGis Network Analyst is introduced for the best routing identification applied in municipal waste collection. The simulation consists of scenarios of visiting loading spots in the municipality of Ahmedabad, considering dynamic factors like network traffic changes, closed roads due to natural or technical causes. Different routes were selected in a particular area of Ahmedabad city, and present routes were optimized to reduce the length of the routes, by using ArcGis Network Analyst. The result indicates up to 35% length minimization in the routes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collection%20routes" title="collection routes">collection routes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20solid%20waste" title=" municipal solid waste"> municipal solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93159/a-method-development-for-improving-the-efficiency-of-solid-waste-collection-system-using-network-analyst" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2502</span> Method of Estimating Absolute Entropy of Municipal Solid Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Chinweuba%20Eboh">Francis Chinweuba Eboh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Ahlstr%C3%B6m"> Peter Ahlström</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Richards"> Tobias Richards</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Entropy, as an outcome of the second law of thermodynamics, measures the level of irreversibility associated with any process. The identification and reduction of irreversibility in the energy conversion process helps to improve the efficiency of the system. The entropy of pure substances known as absolute entropy is determined at an absolute reference point and is useful in the thermodynamic analysis of chemical reactions; however, municipal solid waste (MSW) is a structurally complicated material with unknown absolute entropy. In this work, an empirical model to calculate the absolute entropy of MSW based on the content of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and chlorine on a dry ash free basis (daf) is presented. The proposed model was derived from 117 relevant organic substances which represent the main constituents in MSW with known standard entropies using statistical analysis. The substances were divided into different waste fractions; namely, food, wood/paper, textiles/rubber and plastics waste and the standard entropies of each waste fraction and for the complete mixture were calculated. The correlation of the standard entropy of the complete waste mixture derived was found to be s<sup>o</sup><strong><sub>msw</sub></strong>= 0.0101C + 0.0630H + 0.0106O + 0.0108N + 0.0155S + 0.0084Cl (kJ.K<sup>-1</sup>.kg) and the present correlation can be used for estimating the absolute entropy of MSW by using the elemental compositions of the fuel within the range of 10.3% <strong>≤</strong> C <strong>≤ </strong>95.1%, 0.0% <strong>≤</strong> H <strong>≤</strong> 14.3%, 0.0% <strong>≤</strong> O <strong>≤</strong> 71.1%, 0.0 <strong>≤</strong> N <strong>≤</strong> 66.7%, 0.0% <strong>≤</strong> S <strong>≤</strong> 42.1%, 0.0% <strong>≤</strong> Cl <strong>≤</strong> 89.7%. The model is also applicable for the efficient modelling of a combustion system in a waste-to-energy plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absolute%20entropy" title="absolute entropy">absolute entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreversibility" title=" irreversibility"> irreversibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20solid%20waste" title=" municipal solid waste"> municipal solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste-to-energy" title=" waste-to-energy"> waste-to-energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48288/method-of-estimating-absolute-entropy-of-municipal-solid-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2501</span> Cascaded Transcritical/Supercritical CO2 Cycles and Organic Rankine Cycles to Recover Low-Temperature Waste Heat and LNG Cold Energy Simultaneously</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haoshui%20Yu">Haoshui Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Donghoi%20Kim"> Donghoi Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Truls%20Gundersen"> Truls Gundersen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-temperature waste heat is abundant in the process industries, and large amounts of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) cold energy are discarded without being recovered properly in LNG terminals. Power generation is an effective way to utilize low-temperature waste heat and LNG cold energy simultaneously. Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) and CO<sub>2</sub> power cycles are promising technologies to convert low-temperature waste heat and LNG cold energy into electricity. If waste heat and LNG cold energy are utilized simultaneously in one system, the performance may outperform separate systems utilizing low-temperature waste heat and LNG cold energy, respectively. Low-temperature waste heat acts as the heat source and LNG regasification acts as the heat sink in the combined system. Due to the large temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink, cascaded power cycle configurations are proposed in this paper. Cascaded power cycles can improve the energy efficiency of the system considerably. The cycle operating at a higher temperature to recover waste heat is called top cycle and the cycle operating at a lower temperature to utilize LNG cold energy is called bottom cycle in this study. The top cycle condensation heat is used as the heat source in the bottom cycle. The top cycle can be an ORC, transcritical CO<sub>2</sub> (tCO<sub>2</sub>) cycle or supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (sCO<sub>2</sub>) cycle, while the bottom cycle only can be an ORC due to the low-temperature range of the bottom cycle. However, the thermodynamic path of the tCO<sub>2</sub> cycle and sCO<sub>2</sub> cycle are different from that of an ORC. The tCO<sub>2</sub> cycle and the sCO<sub>2</sub> cycle perform better than an ORC for sensible waste heat recovery due to a better temperature match with the waste heat source. Different combinations of the tCO<sub>2</sub> cycle, sCO<sub>2</sub> cycle and ORC are compared to screen the best configurations of the cascaded power cycles. The influence of the working fluid and the operating conditions are also investigated in this study. Each configuration is modeled and optimized in Aspen HYSYS. The results show that cascaded tCO<sub>2</sub>/ORC performs better compared with cascaded ORC/ORC and cascaded sCO<sub>2</sub>/ORC for the case study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LNG%20cold%20energy" title="LNG cold energy">LNG cold energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-temperature%20waste%20heat" title=" low-temperature waste heat"> low-temperature waste heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20Rankine%20cycle" title=" organic Rankine cycle"> organic Rankine cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20CO%E2%82%82%20cycle" title=" supercritical CO₂ cycle"> supercritical CO₂ cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcritical%20CO%E2%82%82%20cycle" title=" transcritical CO₂ cycle"> transcritical CO₂ cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86899/cascaded-transcriticalsupercritical-co2-cycles-and-organic-rankine-cycles-to-recover-low-temperature-waste-heat-and-lng-cold-energy-simultaneously" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shredded%20waste%20tyre&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shredded%20waste%20tyre&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shredded%20waste%20tyre&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item 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