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.infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style> Jepang (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>: 日本国, Nippon-koku atau Nihon-koku) adalah sebuah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Negara_kesatuan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Negara kesatuan">negara kesatuan</a> yang bersistem <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sistem_parlementer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sistem parlementer">parlementer</a> dengan berbentuk <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a> dan juga <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Negara_kepulauan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Negara kepulauan">negara kepulauan</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia_Timur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia Timur">Asia Timur</a>. Letaknya di ujung barat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samudra_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samudra Pasifik">Samudra Pasifik</a>, di sebelah timur <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laut_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laut Jepang">Laut Jepang</a>, dan bersebelahan dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea_Selatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rusia">Rusia</a>. Pulau-pulau paling utara berada di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laut_Okhotsk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laut Okhotsk">Laut Okhotsk</a> dan wilayah paling selatan berupa kelompok pulau-pulau kecil di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laut_Tiongkok_Timur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laut Tiongkok Timur">Laut Tiongkok Timur</a>, tepatnya di sebelah selatan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Okinawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawa">Okinawa</a> yang berseberangan dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Taiwan</a>. <table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"> <div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name"> Jepang </div> <div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;"> 日本国 (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>) Nippon-koku atau Nihon-koku </div></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"> <div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_Japan.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Jepang"><img alt="Bendera Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/125px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/188px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/250px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></a> </div> <div style="font-size:90%;"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bendera_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bendera Jepang">Bendera</a> </div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Cap Kekaisaran Jepang"><img alt="{{{coat_alt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/85px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/128px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/170px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990"></a> </div> <div style="font-size:90%;"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cap_Kekaisaran_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cap Kekaisaran Jepang">Cap Kekaisaran</a> </div> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"> <div style="line-height:1.2em;"> <a 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=kk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="kk" label="қазақша ‪(kk)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=km&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="km" label="ភាសាខ្មែរ ‪(km)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어 ‪(ko)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ky&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ky" label="кыргызча ‪(ky)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=la&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="la" label="Latina ‪(la)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=lb&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lb" label="Lëtzebuergesch ‪(lb)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=lo&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lo" label="ລາວ ‪(lo)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=lt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lt" label="lietuvių ‪(lt)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=lv&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lv" label="latviešu ‪(lv)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=lzh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="lzh" label="文言 ‪(lzh)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=mi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mi" label="Māori ‪(mi)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=mk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mk" label="македонски ‪(mk)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ml&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ml" label="മലയാളം ‪(ml)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=mn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mn" label="монгол ‪(mn)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=mnw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mnw" label="ဘာသာမန် ‪(mnw)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ms&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu ‪(ms)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=mt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mt" label="Malti ‪(mt)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=my&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="my" label="မြန်မာဘာသာ ‪(my)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=nb&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nb" label="norsk bokmål ‪(nb)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ne&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ne" label="नेपाली ‪(ne)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=nl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nl" label="Nederlands ‪(nl)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=pl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pl" label="polski ‪(pl)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ro&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ro" label="română ‪(ro)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=rue&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="rue" label="русиньскый ‪(rue)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sah&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sah" label="саха тыла ‪(sah)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sco&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sco" label="Scots ‪(sco)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sk" label="slovenčina ‪(sk)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sl" label="slovenščina ‪(sl)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sm&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sm" label="Gagana Samoa ‪(sm)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sq&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sq" label="shqip ‪(sq)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sr" label="српски / srpski ‪(sr)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=sv&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sv" label="svenska ‪(sv)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=ta&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ta" label="தமிழ் ‪(ta)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=th&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย ‪(th)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=tl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tl" label="Tagalog ‪(tl)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=to&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="to" label="lea faka-Tonga ‪(to)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=tr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tr" label="Türkçe ‪(tr)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=tt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tt" label="татарча / tatarça ‪(tt)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=uz&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uz" label="oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча ‪(uz)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=yue&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="yue" label="粵語 ‪(yue)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr"><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AKimi_ga_Yo_instrumental.ogg&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文 ‪(zh)‬" data-dir="ltr"> </audio> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div style="line-height:1.2em;"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lambang_Pemerintah_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambang Pemerintah Jepang">Lambang Pemerintah Jepang</a> <div style="padding:0.3em;"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Goshichi_no_kiri.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Meterai Kantor Perdana Menteri dan Pemerintah Jepang"><img alt="Meterai Kantor Perdana Menteri dan Pemerintah Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Goshichi_no_kiri.svg/80px-Goshichi_no_kiri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Goshichi_no_kiri.svg/120px-Goshichi_no_kiri.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Goshichi_no_kiri.svg/160px-Goshichi_no_kiri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500"></a> </div>五七桐 Go-Shichi no Kiri </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div class="switcher-container"> <div> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Japan_(orthographic_projection).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Japan_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japan_%2528orthographic_projection%2529.svg/330px-Japan_%2528orthographic_projection%2529.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Japan_%2528orthographic_projection%2529.svg/440px-Japan_%2528orthographic_projection%2529.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="536"></a>Perlihatkan Bumi </div> <div> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Flag-map_of_Japan.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag-map_of_Japan.svg/220px-Flag-map_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag-map_of_Japan.svg/330px-Flag-map_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag-map_of_Japan.svg/440px-Flag-map_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4074" data-file-height="4585"></a>Perlihatkan peta Bendera </div> </div> <div style="font-size:90%;position:relative;top:0.3em;"> Area yang dikendalikan oleh Jepang ditunjukkan dengan warna hijau – Area yang diklaim ditunjukkan dengan warna hijau cerah </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Japan_-_Location_Map_(2013)_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg&lang=id&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Lokasi Jepang"><img alt="Lokasi Jepang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-250px-Japan_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Japan_-_Location_Map_%25282013%2529_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-375px-Japan_-_Location_Map_%25282013%2529_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Japan_-_Location_Map_%25282013%2529_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-500px-Japan_-_Location_Map_%25282013%2529_-_JPN_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="251"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ibu_kota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ibu kota">Ibu kota</a> <div style="font-weight:normal"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_kota_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar kota di Jepang">(dan kota terbesar)</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25917590">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename%3DJepang%26language%3Did%26params%3D35_41_N_139_46_E_type:city">35°41′N 139°46′E / 35.683°N 139.767°E / 35.683; 139.767</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_resmi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa resmi">Bahasa resmi</a></th> <td class="infobox-data">Tidak ada</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_nasional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa nasional">Bahasa nasional</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">Jepang</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kelompok_etnik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kelompok etnik">Kelompok etnik</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (2011) </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="plainlist"> <ul> <li>98,5% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Jepang">Jepang</a></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:2.5em"> <ul> <li> ┗<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Yamato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Yamato">Yamato</a></li> <li> ┗<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Ainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Ainu">Ainu</a></li> <li> ┗<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Ryukyu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Ryukyu">Ryukyu</a></li> </ul> </div></li> <li>0,5% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Korea_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Korea di Jepang">Korea</a></li> <li>0,4% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Tionghoa_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Tionghoa di Jepang">Tionghoa</a></li> <li>0,6% lainnya</li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agama">Agama</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"> (2018)<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Dentsu2006-1">[1]</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"> <ul> <li>62% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tidak_beragama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tidak beragama">Tidak beragama</a></li> <li>31% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buddhisme_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buddhisme di Jepang">Buddhisme</a></li> <li>3% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shinto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shinto">Shinto</a></li> <li>1% <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kekristenan_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kekristenan di Jepang">Kekristenan</a></li> <li>1% Lainnya</li> <li>2% Tidak menjawab</li> </ul></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politik_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Politik Jepang">Pemerintahan</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Negara_kesatuan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Negara kesatuan">Kesatuan</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sistem_parlementer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sistem parlementer">parlementer</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaisar Jepang">Kaisar</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Naruhito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a></td> </tr> <tr style="display:none"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Legislatif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Legislatif">Legislatif</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlemen Jepang">Diet Nasional</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi">Majelis Tinggi</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">参議院 <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi Jepang">Sangi-in</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majelis_Rendah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah">Majelis Rendah</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">衆議院 <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majelis_Rendah_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah Jepang">Shūgi-in</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sejarah_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sejarah Jepang">Pembentukan</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hari_Pembentukan_Negara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hari Pembentukan Negara">Hari Pembentukan Negara</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">11 Februari 660 SM<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstitusi_Meiji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstitusi Meiji">Konstitusi Meiji</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">29 November 1890</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> • Konstitusi saat ini </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">3 Mei 1947</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perjanjian_San_Francisco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perjanjian San Francisco">Perjanjian San Francisco</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">28 April 1952</td> </tr> <tr style="display:none"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geografi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geografi Jepang">Luas </a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - Total </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">377.974 km2<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019-3">[3]</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_luas_wilayah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut luas wilayah">61</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perairan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perairan">Perairan</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persentase?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Persentase">%</a>) </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">3,55</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demografi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demografi Jepang">Penduduk</a></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - Perkiraan 2022 </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">124.214.766<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4">[4]</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_jumlah_penduduk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut jumlah penduduk">11</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - Sensus Penduduk 2020 </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">126.226.568<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepadatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepadatan">Kepadatan</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data">332/km2 (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kepadatan_penduduk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk">24</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">KKB</a>)</th> <td class="infobox-data">2022</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - Total </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> $6,110 triliun<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6">[6]</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(KKB)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB)">4</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Per_kapita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> $48.813 <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6">[6]</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(KKB)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (KKB)">36</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> (nominal)</th> <td class="infobox-data">2022</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - Total </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> $4,301 triliun<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6">[6]</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)">3</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow"> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> <div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">  - <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Per_kapita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a> </div></th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> $34.358 <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IMFWEOJP-6">[6]</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)_per_kapita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal) per kapita">30</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Koefisien_Gini?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Koefisien Gini">Gini</a> (2018)</th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> 33,4<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7">[7]</a> sedang · <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kesetaraan_pendapatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut kesetaraan pendapatan">78</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">IPM</a> (2021)</th> <td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Kenaikan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> 0,925<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-HDI-8">[8]</a> sangat tinggi · <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">19</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mata_uang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mata uang">Mata uang</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yen">Yen</a> (¥) / 円 (<code><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_4217?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 4217">JPY</a></code>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zona_waktu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zona waktu">Zona waktu</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waktu_Standar_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waktu Standar Jepang">JST</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Waktu_Universal_Terkoordinasi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi">UTC</a>+9)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kalender?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kalender">Format tanggal</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul> <li>yyyy-mm-dd</li> <li>yyyy年m月d日</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nama_zaman_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nama zaman di Jepang">Era</a> yy年m月d日 (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zaman_Reiwa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman Reiwa">Era Reiwa</a>−2019)</li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arah_lalu_lintas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arah lalu lintas">Lajur kemudi</a></th> <td class="infobox-data">kiri</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nomor_telepon_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nomor telepon di Jepang">Kode telepon</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%2B81&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="+81 (halaman belum tersedia)">+81</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_3166?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 3166">Kode ISO 3166</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_3166-2:JP?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 3166-2:JP">JP</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ranah_Internet_tingkat_teratas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranah Internet tingkat teratas">Ranah Internet</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/.jp?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title=".jp">.jp</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div style="line-height:11pt"> Situs web resmi <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.japan.go.jp/index.html">www.japan.go.jp</a> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <ol style="font-size:90%; margin-left:1em;"> <li value="1"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diet_Nasional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Diet Nasional">Diet Nasional</a> Jepang belum secara resmi memberlakukan undang-undang yang menyatakan bahwa <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a> adalah bahasa resmi negara.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-houseikyokusangiin-9">[9]</a></li> </ol> </div></td> </tr> <tr style="font-size:90%;"> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style> <div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"> <ul> <li class="nv-lihat"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Jepang_infobox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Jepang infobox">lihat</a></li> <li class="nv-bicara"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Jepang_infobox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Jepang infobox">bicara</a></li> <li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DTemplat:Jepang_infobox%26action%3Dedit">sunting</a></li> </ul> </div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-below mergedtoprow noprint"> <div class="none" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%; line-height:normal;text-align:left;height:20px;padding-top:0.2em;;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"> <img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DTemplat:Infobox_country%26action%3Dedit%26section%3Dtop%26editintro%3DTemplat:Infobox/editintro2">Sunting kotak info</a> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox country">Lihat</a> • <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Infobox_country?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Infobox country">Bicara</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country/doc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini"><img alt="Info templat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a> <figcaption> Bantuan penggunaan templat ini </figcaption> </figure> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="infobox" style="width:260px; font-size:95%;"> <tbody> <tr> <th style="background:#B0C4DE;" colspan="2" align="center">Jepang</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%" valign="top">Makna harfiah:</td> <td style="width:50%">Negara Jepang</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#B0C4DE; border-top:1px solid;">Nama Jepang</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; white-space: nowrap;" valign="top"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kanji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kanji">Kanji</a>:</td> <td style="width:50%;"> 日本国 </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign="><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hiragana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a>:</td> <td style="width:50%;"> にっぽんこく にほんこく </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign="><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katakana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katakana">Katakana</a>:</td> <td style="width:50%;"> ニッポンコク ニホンコク </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign="><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyujitai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyujitai">Kyujitai</a>:</td> <td style="width:50%;"> 日本國 </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="border:0; background:#f7f8ff; font-size:95%;"> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#F9FFBC;">Alih aksara</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign=">- <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romaji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romaji">Romaji</a>:</td> <td style="width:50%">Nippon-koku Nihon-koku</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; valign=">- <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romanisasi_Hepburn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanisasi Hepburn">Revisi</a>:</td> <td style="width:50%">Nippon-koku Nihon-koku</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Jepang terdiri dari 6.852 pulau<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10">[10]</a> dan menjadikannya sebagai negara kepulauan. Pulau-pulau utama dari utara ke selatan adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkaido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honshu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> (pulau terbesar), <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shikoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyushu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>. Sekitar 97% wilayah daratan Jepang berada di keempat pulau terbesarnya. Sebagian besar pulau di Jepang bergunung-<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung">gunung</a>, dan sebagian di antaranya merupakan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_berapi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung berapi">gunung berapi</a>. Gunung tertinggi di Jepang adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_Fuji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung Fuji">Gunung Fuji</a> yang merupakan sebuah gunung berapi. Penduduk Jepang berjumlah 128 juta jiwa, dan berada di peringkat ke-10 negara berpenduduk terbanyak di dunia. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> secara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/De_facto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="De facto">de facto</a> adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ibu_kota_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ibu kota Jepang">ibu kota Jepang</a>, dan berkedudukan sebagai sebuah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prefektur">prefektur</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo_Raya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo Raya">Tokyo Raya</a> adalah sebutan untuk Tokyo dan beberapa kota yang berada di prefektur sekelilingnya. Sebagai daerah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metropolitan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan">metropolitan</a> terluas di dunia, Tokyo Raya berpenduduk lebih dari 30 juta orang dan menjadikan nya kota terpadat di dunia. Menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitologi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mitologi Jepang">mitologi Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> didirikan oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Jimmu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Jimmu">kaisar Jimmu</a> pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-7_SM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abad ke-7 SM">abad ke-7 SM</a>. Kaisar Jimmu memulai mata rantai monarki Jepang yang tidak terputus hingga kini. Meskipun begitu, sepanjang sejarahnya kebanyakan masa kekuatan sebenarnya berada di tangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syogun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syogun">syogun</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samurai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samurai">samurai</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daimyō">daimyō</a> dan memasuki zaman modern, di tangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perdana_menteri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perdana menteri">perdana menteri</a>. Menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstitusi Jepang">konstitusi Jepang</a> tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1947?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1947">1947</a>, Jepang adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Negara_kesatuan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Negara kesatuan">negara kesatuan</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a> di bawah pimpinan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaisar Jepang">kaisar Jepang</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlemen Jepang">parlemen Jepang</a>. Sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Negara_maju?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Negara maju">negara maju</a> di bidang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekonomi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekonomi">ekonomi</a>,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11">[11]</a> Jepang memiliki <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produk domestik bruto">produk domestik bruto</a> terbesar nomor tiga setelah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a>, dan masuk dalam urutan tiga besar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja</a>. Jepang merupakan anggota <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="G8">G8</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisasi_untuk_Kerjasama_dan_Pengembangan_Ekonomi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisasi untuk Kerjasama dan Pengembangan Ekonomi">Organisasi untuk Kerjasama dan Pengembangan Ekonomi</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi_Asia_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik">Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik</a>. Jepang memiliki kekuatan militer yang memadai lengkap dengan sistem pertahanan modern seperti <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=AEGIS&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="AEGIS (halaman belum tersedia)">AEGIS</a> serta skuat armada besar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapal_perusak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapal perusak">kapal perusak</a>. Dalam perdagangan luar negeri, Jepang berada di peringkat ke-4 negara pengekspor terbesar dan peringkat ke-6 negara pengimpor terbesar di dunia. Sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Negara_maju?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Negara maju">negara maju</a>, penduduk Jepang memiliki <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Standar_hidup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Standar hidup">standar hidup</a> yang tinggi (peringkat ke-8 dalam daftar negara menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_pembangunan_manusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Indeks pembangunan manusia">indeks pembangunan manusia</a>) dan angka harapan hidup tertinggi di dunia menurut perkiraan PBB.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Dalam bidang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teknologi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teknologi">teknologi</a>, Jepang maju di bidang telekomunikasi, permesinan, dan robotika. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="id" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Daftar isi</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Etimologi">1 Etimologi</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sejarah">2 Sejarah</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Prasejarah">2.1 Prasejarah</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Zaman_Klasik">2.2 Zaman Klasik</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Zaman_Pertengahan">2.3 Zaman Pertengahan</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Zaman_Modern">2.4 Zaman Modern</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geografi">3 Geografi</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geografi_2">3.1 Geografi</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Geologi">3.2 Geologi</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Klimatologi">3.3 Klimatologi</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Politik">4 Politik</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Parlemen">4.1 Parlemen</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Keluarga_kekaisaran">4.2 Keluarga kekaisaran</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Hubungan_luar_negeri_dan_militer">4.3 Hubungan luar negeri dan militer</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pembagian_administratif">4.4 Pembagian administratif</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ekonomi">5 Ekonomi</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Demografi">6 Demografi</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pendidikan">6.1 Pendidikan</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Peringkat_internasional">6.2 Peringkat internasional</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Budaya">7 Budaya</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Makanan_populer">8 Makanan populer</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Referensi">9 Referensi</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">10 Bacaan lebih lanjut</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Lihat_pula">11 Lihat pula</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Pranala_luar">12 Pranala luar</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nama-nama_Jepang_(negara)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nama-nama Jepang (negara)">Nama-nama Jepang (negara)</a> </div> Jepang disebut Nippon atau Nihon dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>. Kedua kata ini ditulis dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Huruf_kanji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Huruf kanji">huruf kanji</a> yang sama, yaitu 日本 (secara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harfiah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Harfiah">harfiah</a>: asal-muasal <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matahari?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matahari">matahari</a>).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-schreiber-13">[13]</a> Sebutan Nippon sering digunakan dalam urusan resmi, termasuk nama negara dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yen">uang Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prangko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prangko">prangko</a>, dan pertandingan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Olahraga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Olahraga">olahraga</a> internasional. Sementara itu, sebutan Nihon digunakan dalam urusan tidak resmi seperti pembicaraan sehari-hari. Kata Nippon dan Nihon berarti "negara/negeri matahari terbit". Nama ini disebut dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Utusan_Kekaisaran_Jepang_ke_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Utusan Kekaisaran Jepang ke Tiongkok">korespondensi Kekaisaran Jepang</a> dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinasti_Sui?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinasti Sui">Dinasti Sui</a> di Tiongkok, dan merujuk kepada letak Jepang yang berada di sebelah timur daratan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>. Sebelum Jepang memiliki hubungan dengan Tiongkok, negara ini dikenal sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Yamato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Yamato">Yamato</a> (大和).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Di Tiongkok pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zaman_Tiga_Negara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zaman Tiga Negara">zaman Tiga Negara</a>, sebutan untuk Jepang adalah negara Wa (倭). Dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Tionghoa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Tionghoa">Bahasa Tionghoa</a> dialek Shanghai yang termasuk salah satu dialek Wu, aksara Tionghoa 日本 dibaca sebagai Zeppen ([zəʔpən]). Dalam dialek Wu, aksara 日 secara tidak resmi dibaca sebagai [niʔ] sementara secara resmi dibaca sebagai [zəʔ]. Dalam beberapa dialek Wu Selatan, 日本 dibaca sebagai [niʔpən] yang mirip dengan nama dalam bahasa Jepang. Kata Jepang dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a> kemungkinan berasal dari bahasa Tionghoa, tepatnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Wu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Wu">bahasa Wu</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu_Klasik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Melayu Klasik">Bahasa Melayu Klasik</a> juga menyebut negara ini sebagai Jepang (namun ejaan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Malaysia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Malaysia">bahasa Malaysia</a> memakai ejaan Jepun). Kata Jepang dalam bahasa Melayu ini kemudian dibawa ke Dunia Barat oleh pedagang dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kerajaan_Portugis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Portugis">Kerajaan Portugis</a>,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ahd-15">[15]</a> yang mengenal sebutan ini ketika berada di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Malaka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Malaka">Malaka</a> pada abad ke-16. Mereka lah yang pertama kali memperkenalkan nama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Melayu">bahasa Melayu</a> tersebut ke Eropa. Dokumen tertua dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a> yang menyebut tentang Jepang adalah sepucuk surat dari tahun 1565, yang di dalamnya bertuliskan kata <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Giapan&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Giapan (halaman belum tersedia)">Giapan</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17">[17]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sejarah_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sejarah Jepang">Sejarah Jepang</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Prasejarah">Prasejarah</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Prasejarah" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/160px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="177" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="991"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 177px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/160px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg" data-width="160" data-height="177" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/240px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg/320px-Jomon_vessel_3000-2000BC.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Sebuah bejana dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Jomon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Jomon">periode Jomon</a> Pertengahan (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/3000_SM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="3000 SM">3000</a>-<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000_SM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 SM">2000 SM</a>). </figcaption> </figure> Penelitian <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arkeologi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arkeologi">arkeologi</a> menunjukkan bahwa Jepang telah dihuni <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manusia_purba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manusia purba">manusia purba</a> setidaknya 600.000 tahun yang lalu, pada masa <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paleolitik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleolitik">Paleolitik Bawah</a>. Setelah beberapa <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zaman_es?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zaman es">zaman es</a> yang terjadi pada masa jutaan tahun yang lalu, Jepang beberapa kali terhubung dengan daratan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia">Asia</a> melalui jembatan darat (dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sakhalin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a> di utara, dan kemungkinan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyushu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a> di selatan), sehingga memungkinkan perpindahan manusia, hewan, dan tanaman ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan Jepang</a> dari wilayah yang kini merupakan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semenanjung_Korea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Korea">Semenanjung Korea</a>. Zaman <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paleolitikum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paleolitikum">Paleolitik</a> Jepang menghasilkan peralatan bebatuan yang telah dipoles yang pertama di dunia, sekitar 30.000 SM. Dengan berakhirnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zaman_es_terakhir?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaman es terakhir">zaman es terakhir</a> dan datangnya periode yang lebih hangat, kebudayaan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jomon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jomon">Jomon</a> muncul pada sekitar 11.000 SM, yang bercirikan gaya hidup <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pemburu-pengumpul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pemburu-pengumpul">pemburu-pengumpul</a> semi-sedenter <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mesolitik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesolitik">Mesolitik</a> hingga <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neolitik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolitik">Neolitik</a> dan pembuatan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tembikar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tembikar">kerajinan tembikar</a> terawal di dunia. Diperkirakan bahwa penduduk Jomon merupakan nenek moyang suku Proto-Jepang dan suku <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ainu">Ainu</a> masa kini. Dimulainya periode <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yayoi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Yayoi">Yayoi</a> pada sekitar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/300_SM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="300 SM">300 SM</a> menandai kehadiran teknologi-teknologi baru seperti bercocok tanam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Padi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Padi">padi</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sawah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sawah">sawah</a> yang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pengairan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengairan">berpengairan</a> dan teknik pembuatan perkakas dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Besi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Besi">besi</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perunggu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perunggu">perunggu</a> yang dibawa serta migran-migran dari Tiongkok atau Korea. Dalam sejarah Tiongkok, orang Jepang pertama kali disebut dalam naskah sejarah klasik, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buku_Han?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Buku Han">Buku Han</a> yang ditulis Pada tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=111_Masehi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="111 Masehi (halaman belum tersedia)">111 Masehi</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Setelah periode Yayoi disebut periode <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kofun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kofun">Kofun</a> pada sekitar tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=250_Masehi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="250 Masehi (halaman belum tersedia)">250 Masehi</a>, yang bercirikan didirikannya negeri-negeri militer yang kuat. Menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catatan_Sejarah_Tiga_Negara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Catatan Sejarah Tiga Negara">Catatan Sejarah Tiga Negara</a>, negara paling berjaya di kepulauan Jepang waktu itu adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yamataikoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yamataikoku">Yamataikoku</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Zaman_Klasik">Zaman Klasik</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Zaman Klasik" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> Bagian sejarah Jepang meninggalkan dokumen tertulis dimulai pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-5">abad ke-5</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-6">abad ke-6</a> Masehi, saat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Tionghoa_tertulis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Tionghoa tertulis">sistem Tulisan Tionghoa</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">Agama Buddha</a>, dan kebudayaan Tionghoa lainnya dibawa masuk ke Jepang dari Kerajaan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baekje?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baekje">Baekje</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semenanjung_Korea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Korea">Semenanjung Korea</a>. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/200px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="66" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="9586" data-file-height="3176"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 66px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/200px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="66" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/300px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg/400px-M%C5%8Dko_Sh%C5%ABrai_Ekotoba_Mongol_Invasion_Takezaki_Suenaga_2_Page_5-7.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Jepang dapat mengusir dua kali <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invasi_Mongol_ke_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasi Mongol ke Jepang">invasi Mongol ke Jepang</a> (1274 dan 1281) </figcaption> </figure> Perkembangan selanjutnya, yaitu <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Buddha_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha di Jepang">Agama Buddha di Jepang</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seni_rupa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seni rupa">seni rupa</a> yang sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh Budaya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Walaupun awalnya kedatangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">Agama Buddha</a> ditentang penguasa yang menganut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Shinto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Shinto">Agama Shinto</a>, kalangan yang berkuasa akhirnya ikut memajukan agama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Buddha_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha di Jepang">Buddha</a> di Jepang, dan menjadi agama yang populer di Jepang sejak <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Asuka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Asuka">Periode Asuka</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Melalui perintah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reformasi_Taika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reformasi Taika">Reformasi Taika</a> pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/645?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="645">645</a>, Jepang menyusun ulang sistem pemerintahannya dengan mencontoh dari Tiongkok. Hal ini membuka jalan bagi filsafat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Konfusianisme_Tiongkok&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Konfusianisme Tiongkok (halaman belum tersedia)">Konfusianisme Tiongkok</a> untuk menjadi dominan di Jepang hingga <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-19?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-19">abad ke-19</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Nara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Nara">Periode Nara</a> yang berlangsung pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Abad_ke-8_Masehi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Abad ke-8 Masehi (halaman belum tersedia)">abad ke-8 Masehi</a> menandai sebuah negeri Jepang dengan kekuasaan yang tersentralisasi. Ibu kota dan istana Kerajaan berada di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heijo-kyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Heijo-kyo">Heijo-kyo</a> (kini <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara">Nara</a>). Pada Periode ini, Jepang secara terus-menerus mengadopsi praktik administrasi pemerintahan dari Tiongkok. Salah satu pencapaian terbesar sastra Jepang pada Periode Nara adalah selesainya buku sejarah Jepang yang disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kojiki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kojiki">Kojiki</a> (古事記) dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nihon_Shoki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nihon Shoki">Nihon Shoki</a> (日本書紀).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/160px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="240" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 240px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/160px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg" data-width="160" data-height="240" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/240px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg/320px-TodaijiDaibutsu0224.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Patung <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Todaiji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Todaiji">Todaiji</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara">Nara</a>, yang dibuat pada tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/752?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="752">752</a>. </figcaption> </figure> Pada 784 Masehi, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Kammu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Kammu">Kaisar Kammu</a> memindahkan ibu kota ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nagaoka-ky%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nagaoka-kyō">Nagaoka-kyō</a>, dan berada di sana hanya selama 10 tahun. Setelah itu, ibu kota dipindahkan kembali ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Heian-ky%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Heian-kyō">Heian-kyō</a> (kini <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyoto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>). Kepindahan ibu kota ke Heian-kyō mengawali <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Heian?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Heian">Periode Heian</a> yang merupakan masa keemasan kebudayaan klasik asli Jepang, terutama di bidang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Seni_di_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Seni di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">seni</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Puisi_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Puisi Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">puisi</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sastra_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sastra Jepang">Sastra Jepang</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hikayat_Genji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hikayat Genji">Hikayat Genji</a> karya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Murasaki_Shikibu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Murasaki Shikibu">Murasaki Shikibu</a> dan lirik lagu kebangsaan Jepang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kimi_ga_Yo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimi ga Yo">Kimi ga Yo</a> berasal dari periode Heian.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Zaman_Pertengahan">Zaman Pertengahan</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Zaman Pertengahan" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:NanbanGroup.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/160px-NanbanGroup.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="213" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 213px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/160px-NanbanGroup.JPG" data-width="160" data-height="213" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/240px-NanbanGroup.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/NanbanGroup.JPG/320px-NanbanGroup.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Sekelompok orang-orang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portugis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Portugis">Portugis</a> dari periode Nanban, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-17?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-17">abad ke-17</a>. </figcaption> </figure> Abad pertengahan di Jepang merupakan zaman <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Feodalisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Feodalisme">feodalisme</a> yang ditandai oleh perebutan kekuasaan antarkelompok penguasa yang terdiri dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ksatria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ksatria">ksatria</a> yang disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samurai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samurai">samurai</a>. Pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1185?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1185">1185</a>, setelah menghancurkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klan_Taira?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klan Taira">Klan Taira</a> yang merupakan klan saingan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klan_Minamoto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klan Minamoto">Klan Minamoto</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minamoto_no_Yoritomo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minamoto no Yoritomo">Minamoto no Yoritomo</a> diangkat sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shogun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Shogun">Shogun</a>, dan menjadikannya pemimpin militer yang berbagi kekuasaan dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaisar">Kaisar</a>. Pemerintahan militer yang didirikan Minamoto no Yoritomo disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keshogunan_Kamakura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keshogunan Kamakura">Keshogunan Kamakura</a> karena pusat pemerintahan berada di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kamakura,_Kanagawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamakura, Kanagawa">Kamakura</a> (di sebelah selatan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yokohama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a> masa kini). Setelah wafatnya Minamoto no Yoritomo, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Klan_H%C5%8Dj%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Klan Hōjō">klan Hōjō</a> membantu keshogunan sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shikken?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shikken">shikken</a>, yakni semacam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adipati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adipati">adipati</a> bagi para shogun. Keshogunan Kamakura berhasil menahan serangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kerajaan_Mongol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Mongol">Kerajaan Mongol</a> dari wilayah Tiongkok. Meskipun secara politik terbilang stabil, Keshogunan Kamakura akhirnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Restorasi_Kemmu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Restorasi Kemmu">digulingkan</a> oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Go-Daigo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaisar Go-Daigo">Kaisar Go-Daigo</a> yang memulihkan kekuasaan di tangan kaisar. Kaisar Go-Daigo akhirnya digulingkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ashikaga_Takauji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ashikaga Takauji">Ashikaga Takauji</a> pada 1336.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Keshogunan Ashikaga gagal membendung kekuatan penguasa militer dan tuan tanah feodal (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daimyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimyo">daimyo</a>) dan pecah perang saudara pada tahun 1467 (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_%C5%8Cnin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perang Ōnin">Perang Ōnin</a>) yang mengawali masa satu abad yang diwarnai peperangan antarfaksi yang disebut masa negeri-negeri saling berperang atau <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Sengoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Sengoku">periode Sengoku</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-16?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-16">abad ke-16</a>, para pedagang dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Misionaris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Misionaris">misionaris</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Serikat_Yesuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Serikat Yesuit">Serikat Yesuit</a> dari Portugal tiba untuk pertama kalinya di Jepang, dan mengawali pertukaran perniagaan dan kebudayaan yang aktif antara Jepang dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dunia_Barat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dunia Barat">Dunia Barat</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perdagangan_dengan_Nanban?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perdagangan dengan Nanban">Perdagangan dengan Nanban</a>). Orang Jepang menyebut orang asing dari Dunia Barat sebagai namban yang berarti orang barbar dari selatan. <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/200px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1258"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 180px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/200px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png" data-width="200" data-height="180" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/300px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png/400px-Japanese_Red_Seal_Ship_Shuinsen_1634.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Salah satu <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapal_segel_merah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapal segel merah">kapal segel merah</a> Jepang (1634) yang dipakai berdagang di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia">Asia</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a> menaklukkan daimyo-daimyo pesaingnya dengan memakai teknologi Eropa dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Senjata_api?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Senjata api">senjata api</a>. Nobunaga hampir berhasil menyatukan Jepang sebelum tewas terbunuh dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peristiwa_Honn%C5%8Dji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Peristiwa Honnōji">Peristiwa Honnōji</a> pada 1582. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> menggantikan Oda Nobunaga, dan mencatatkan dirinya sebagai pemersatu Bangsa Jepang pada 1590. Toyotomi Hideyoshi berusaha menguasai Semenanjung Korea, dan dua kali melakukan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Invasi_Jepang_ke_Korea_(1592-1598)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasi Jepang ke Korea (1592-1598)">invasi ke Korea</a>, tetapi gagal setelah kalah dalam pertempuran melawan pasukan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinasti_Joseon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Joseon">Dinasti Joseon</a> yang dibantu kekuatan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinasti_Ming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dinasti Ming">Dinasti Ming</a>. Setelah Hideyoshi wafat, pasukan Hideyoshi ditarik dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Semenanjung_Korea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Semenanjung Korea">Semenanjung Korea</a> pada 1598.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Sepeninggal Hideyoshi, putra Hideyoshi yang bernama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toyotomi Hideyori">Toyotomi Hideyori</a> mewarisi kekuasaan sang ayah. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a> memanfaatkan posisinya sebagai adipati bagi Hideyori untuk mengumpulkan dukungan politik dan militer dari daimyo-daimyo lain. Setelah mengalahkan klan-klan pendukung Hideyori dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pertempuran_Sekigahara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pertempuran Sekigahara">Pertempuran Sekigahara</a> tahun 1600, Ieyasu diangkat sebagai shogun pada 1603. Pemerintahan militer yang didirikan Ieyasu di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Edo">Edo</a> (kini <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>) disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keshogunan_Tokugawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keshogunan Tokugawa">Keshogunan Tokugawa</a>. Keshogunan Tokugawa curiga terhadap kegiatan misionaris <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gereja_Katolik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Katolik">Gereja Katolik</a>, dan melarang segala hubungan dengan orang-orang Eropa. Hubungan perdagangan dibatasi hanya dengan pedagang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belanda">Belanda</a> di Pulau <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dejima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dejima">Dejima</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nagasaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a>. Pemerintah Tokugawa juga menjalankan berbagai kebijakan seperti undang-undang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buke_shohatto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Buke shohatto">buke shohatto</a> untuk mengendalikan daimyo di daerah. Pada 1639, Keshogunan Tokugawa mulai menjalankan kebijakan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sakoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sakoku">sakoku</a> ("negara tertutup") yang berlangsung selama dua setengah abad yang disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Edo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Edo">periode Edo</a>. Walaupun menjalani periode isolasi, orang Jepang terus mempelajari ilmu-ilmu dari Dunia Barat. Di Jepang, ilmu dari buku-buku Barat disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rangaku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rangaku">rangaku</a> (ilmu belanda) karena berasal dari kontak orang Jepang dengan enklave orang Belanda di Dejima, Nagasaki. Pada periode Edo, orang Jepang juga memulai studi tentang Jepang, dan menamakan "studi nasional" tentang Jepang sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kokugaku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kokugaku">kokugaku</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Zaman_Modern">Zaman Modern</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Zaman Modern" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Japanese_Empire_(orthographic_projection).svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/240px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 240px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/240px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" data-width="240" data-height="240" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/360px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/480px-Japanese_Empire_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> terdiri dari sebagian besar Asia Timur dan Asia Timur Raya pada tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1942?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1942">1942</a>. </figcaption> </figure> Pada 31 Maret 1854, kedatangan Komodor <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matthew_Perry?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Matthew Perry">Matthew Perry</a> dan "<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapal_Hitam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapal Hitam">Kapal Hitam</a>" <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat">Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat</a> memaksa Jepang untuk membuka diri terhadap Dunia Barat melalui <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persetujuan_Kanagawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Persetujuan Kanagawa">Persetujuan Kanagawa</a>. Persetujuan-persetujuan selanjutnya dengan negara-negara Barat pada masa <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bakumatsu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bakumatsu">Bakumatsu</a> membawa Jepang ke dalam krisis ekonomi dan politik. Kalangan samurai menganggap Keshogunan Tokugawa sudah melemah, dan mengadakan pemberontakan hingga pecah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Boshin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perang Boshin">Perang Boshin</a> pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1867?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1867">1867</a>-<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1868?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1868">1868</a>. Setelah Keshogunan Tokugawa ditumbangkan, kekuasaan dikembalikan ke tangan kaisar (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Restorasi_Meiji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Restorasi Meiji">Restorasi Meiji</a>) dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penghapusan_sistem_domain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penghapusan sistem domain">sistem domain dihapus</a>. Semasa Restorasi Meiji, Jepang mengadopsi sistem politik, hukum, dan militer dari Dunia Barat. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kabinet_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kabinet Jepang">Kabinet Jepang</a> mengatur <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dewan_Penasihat_Kaisar_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dewan Penasihat Kaisar (Jepang)">Dewan Penasihat Kaisar</a>, menyusun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstitusi_Meiji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstitusi Meiji">Konstitusi Meiji</a>, dan membentuk <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlemen Jepang">Parlemen Kekaisaran</a>. Restorasi Meiji mengubah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Kekaisaran Jepang</a> menjadi negara industri modern dan sekaligus kekuatan militer dunia yang menimbulkan konflik militer ketika berusaha memperluas pengaruh teritorial di Asia. Setelah mengalahkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Tiongkok-Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Perang Tiongkok-Jepang">Perang Tiongkok-Jepang</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Rusia-Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Rusia-Jepang">Perang Rusia-Jepang</a>, Jepang menguasai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taiwan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, separuh dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sakhalin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea">Korea</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Pada awal <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-20?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-20">abad ke-20</a>, Jepang mengalami "<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demokrasi_Taisho?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demokrasi Taisho">demokrasi Taisho</a>" yang dibayang-bayangi bangkitnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekspansionisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekspansionisme">ekspansionisme</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Militerisme_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Militerisme Jepang">militerisme Jepang</a>. Semasa <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Dunia_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perang Dunia I">Perang Dunia I</a>, Jepang berada di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sekutu_Perang_Dunia_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekutu Perang Dunia I">pihak Sekutu</a> yang menang, sehingga Jepang dapat memperluas pengaruh dan wilayah kekuasaan. Jepang terus menjalankan politik ekspansionis dengan menduduki <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manchuria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> pada 1931. Dua tahun kemudian, Jepang keluar dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liga_Bangsa-Bangsa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liga Bangsa-Bangsa">Liga Bangsa-Bangsa</a> setelah mendapat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laporan_Lytton?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laporan Lytton">kecaman internasional</a> atas pendudukan Manchuria. Pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1936?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1936">1936</a>, Jepang menandatangani <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pakta_Anti-Komintern?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pakta Anti-Komintern">Pakta Anti-Komintern</a> dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jerman_Nazi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jerman Nazi">Jerman Nazi</a>, dan bergabung bergabung bersama Jerman dan Italia membentuk <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Blok_Poros?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Blok Poros">Blok Poros</a> pada 1941<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Pada 1937, invasi Jepang ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manchuria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> memicu terjadinya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Tiongkok-Jepang_Kedua?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua">Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua</a> (1937-1945) yang membuat Jepang dikenakan embargo minyak oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Pada 7 Desember 1941, Jepang menyerang pangkalan Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pearl_Harbor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a>, dan menyatakan perang terhadap Amerika Serikat, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Britania_Raya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Britania Raya">Inggris</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belanda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belanda">Belanda</a>. Serangan Pearl Harbor menyeret AS ke dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Setelah kampanye militer yang panjang di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samudra_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samudra Pasifik">Samudra Pasifik</a>, Jepang kehilangan wilayah-wilayah yang dimilikinya pada awal perang. Amerika Serikat melakukan pengeboman strategis terhadap <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Osaka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> dan kota-kota besar lainnya. Setelah AS menjatuhkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pengeboman_Hiroshima_dan_Nagasaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengeboman Hiroshima dan Nagasaki">bom atom</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hiroshima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshima">Hiroshima</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nagasaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a>, Jepang akhirnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penyerahan_Jepang_terhadap_Sekutu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Penyerahan Jepang terhadap Sekutu">menyerah tanpa syarat kepada Sekutu</a> pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/15_Agustus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="15 Agustus">15 Agustus</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1945?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1945">1945</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hari_Kemenangan_atas_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hari Kemenangan atas Jepang">Hari Kemenangan atas Jepang</a>).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/250px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="628"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 154px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/250px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg" data-width="250" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/375px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg/500px-0_series_Yurakucho_19670505.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C5%8Dkaid%C5%8D_Shinkansen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tōkaidō Shinkansen">Tōkaidō Shinkansen</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Seri_0_Shinkansen&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Seri 0 Shinkansen (halaman belum tersedia)">Seri 0</a>, jalur dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kereta_kecepatan_tinggi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kereta kecepatan tinggi">kereta kecepatan tinggi</a> pertama di dunia (foto tahun 1967). </figcaption> </figure> Perang membawa penderitaan bagi rakyat Jepang dan rakyat di wilayah jajahan Jepang. Berjuta-juta orang tewas di negara-negara Asia yang diduduki Jepang di bawah slogan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kemakmuran_Bersama_Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemakmuran Bersama Asia">Kemakmuran Bersama Asia</a>. Hampir semua industri dan infrastruktur di Jepang hancur akibat perang. Pihak Sekutu melakukan repatriasi besar-besaran <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diaspora_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diaspora Jepang">etnik Jepang</a> dari negara-negara Asia yang pernah diduduki Jepang.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pengadilan_Militer_Internasional_untuk_Timur_Jauh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pengadilan Militer Internasional untuk Timur Jauh">Pengadilan Militer Internasional untuk Timur Jauh</a> yang diselenggarakan pihak Sekutu mulai 3 Mei 1946 berakhir dengan dijatuhkannya hukuman bagi sejumlah pemimpin Jepang yang terbukti bersalah melakukan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kejahatan_perang_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kejahatan perang Jepang">kejahatan perang</a>. Pada 1947, Jepang memberlakukan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstitusi Jepang">Konstitusi Jepang</a> yang baru. Berdasarkan konstitusi baru, Jepang ditetapkan sebagai negara yang menganut paham <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pasifisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pasifisme">pasifisme</a> dan mengutamakan praktik <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demokrasi_liberal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demokrasi liberal">demokrasi liberal</a>. Pendudukan Amerika Serikat terhadap Jepang secara resmi berakhir pada tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1952?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1952">1952</a> dengan ditandatanganinya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perjanjian_San_Francisco?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perjanjian San Francisco">Perjanjian San Francisco</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Walaupun demikian, pasukan Amerika Serikat tetap mempertahankan pangkalan-pangkalan penting di Jepang, khususnya di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Okinawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawa">Okinawa</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> secara secara resmi menerima Jepang sebagai anggota pada 1956. Seusai Perang Dunia II, Jepang mengalami <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keajaiban_ekonomi_Jepang_pascaperang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Keajaiban ekonomi Jepang pascaperang">pertumbuhan ekonomi</a> yang pesat, dan menempatkan Jepang sebagai kekuatan ekonomi terbesar nomor dua di dunia, dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Produk domestik bruto">produk domestik bruto</a> sebesar 10% per tahun selama empat dekade. Pesatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi Jepang berakhir pada awal tahun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1990-an?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1990-an">1990-an</a> setelah jatuhnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penggelembungan_harga_aset_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penggelembungan harga aset di Jepang">ekonomi gelembung</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-kobayashi-33">[33]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Geografi_2">Geografi</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geografi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geografi Jepang">Geografi Jepang</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/220px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1638" data-file-height="2092"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 281px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/220px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="281" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/330px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg/440px-Satellite_View_of_Japan_1999.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan Jepang</a> seperti yang dilihat dari satelit </figcaption> </figure> Jepang memiliki lebih dari 3.000 pulau yang terletak di pesisir <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lautan_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lautan Pasifik">Lautan Pasifik</a> di timur benua <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia">Asia</a>. Istilah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepulauan_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepulauan Jepang">Kepulauan Jepang</a> merujuk kepada empat pulau besar, dari utara ke selatan, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkaido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honshu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shikoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kyushu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>, serta <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepulauan_Ryukyu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepulauan Ryukyu">Kepulauan Ryukyu</a> yang berada di selatan Kyushu. Sekitar 70% hingga 80% dari wilayah Jepang terdiri dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pegunungan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pegunungan">pegunungan</a> yang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hutan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hutan">berhutan-hutan</a>,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35">[35]</a> dan cocok untuk pertanian, industri, serta permukiman. Daerah yang curam berbahaya untuk dihuni karena risiko tanah longsor akibat gempa bumi, kondisi tanah yang lunak, dan hujan lebat. Oleh karena itu, permukiman penduduk terpusat di kawasan pesisir. Jepang termasuk salah satu <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kepadatan_penduduk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk">negara berpenduduk terpadat di dunia</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Kepulauan Jepang terdiri dari 67% hutan dan 14% pertanian. Daerah yang sebagian besar terjal dan bergunung-gunung dibatasi untuk tempat tinggal. Oleh karena itu, zona layak huni, terutama di wilayah pesisir, memiliki kepadatan penduduk yang sangat tinggi: Jepang adalah negara terpadat ke-40 bahkan tanpa mempertimbangkan konsentrasi penduduk setempat. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honshu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> memiliki kepadatan penduduk tertinggi yaitu 450 orang/km2 (1200/sq mi) pada tahun 2010, sedangkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkaido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> memiliki kepadatan penduduk terendah yaitu 64,5 orang/km2 pada tahun 2016. Pada tahun 2014, sekitar 0,5% dari total wilayah Jepang merupakan tanah reklamasi (umetatechi). Danau Biwa adalah danau kuno dan danau air tawar terbesar di negara ini. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Geologi">Geologi</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Geologi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geologi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Geologi Jepang">Geologi Jepang</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_gempa_bumi_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar gempa bumi di Jepang">Daftar gempa bumi di Jepang</a> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Japan_separation.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/240px-Japan_separation.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="169" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1056"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 169px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/240px-Japan_separation.png" data-width="240" data-height="169" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/360px-Japan_separation.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Japan_separation.png/480px-Japan_separation.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Lempeng tektonik di Jepang, antara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lempeng_Eurasia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lempeng Eurasia">Lempeng Eurasia</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lempeng_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lempeng Pasifik">Lempeng Pasifik</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lempeng_Filipina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lempeng Filipina">Lempeng Filipina</a> </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/240px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5083" data-file-height="3389"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/240px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg" data-width="240" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/360px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg/480px-Sakurajima_at_Sunset.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sakurajima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sakurajima">Sakurajima</a> adalah gunung berapi teraktif di Jepang </figcaption> </figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/240px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/240px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg" data-width="240" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/360px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg/480px-2011_Tohoku_earthquake_tsunami_in_Miyako.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Tsunami di Miyako saat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gempa_bumi_dan_tsunami_T%C5%8Dhoku_2011?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gempa bumi dan tsunami Tōhoku 2011">Gempa bumi dan tsunami Tōhoku 2011</a> </figcaption> </figure> Jepang sangat rentan terhadap bencana <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gempa_bumi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gempa bumi">gempa bumi</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tsunami?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Letusan_gunung_berapi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Letusan gunung berapi">letusan gunung berapi</a> karena lokasinya di sepanjang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cincin_Api_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cincin Api Pasifik">Cincin Api Pasifik</a>. Jepang juga dianggap sebagai negara yang paling rentan terhadap tsunami karena tektoniknya, kepadatan penduduknya, dan konsentrasi paparannya. Negara ini juga rentan terhadap badai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Siklon_tropis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Siklon tropis">Siklon tropis</a> karena letak geografisnya berada di atas <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Khatulistiwa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Khatulistiwa">Khatulistiwa</a>. Jepang mempunyai risiko terdampak bencana alam tertinggi ke-17 di dunia menurut Indeks Risiko Dunia tahun 2016. Gempa bumi terjadi setiap hari di Jepang dengan skala berbeda-beda. Gempa besar yang merusak sering kali mengakibatkan tsunami, dan terjadi beberapa kali setiap abad seperti; <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gempa_Besar_Kant%C5%8D_1923?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gempa Besar Kantō 1923">Gempa bumi besar Kantō 1923</a> menewaskan lebih dari 140.000 orang. Gempa besar yang terjadi baru-baru ini adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gempa_bumi_besar_Hanshin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gempa bumi besar Hanshin">Gempa bumi besar Hanshin</a>, hingga <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gempa_bumi_T%C5%8Dhoku_2011?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gempa bumi Tōhoku 2011">Gempa bumi Tōhoku 2011</a>, yang memicu tsunami besar, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gempa_bumi_Laut_Jepang_2024?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gempa bumi Laut Jepang 2024">Gempa bumi Noto 2024</a> pada awal bulan Januari.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Jepang mempunyai 111 <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_berapi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung berapi">gunung berapi</a> aktif. Gunung berapi yang paling aktif adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sakurajima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sakurajima">Sakurajima</a>, tercatat sejak 1000 tahun terakhir, gunung ini telah meletus lebih dari 40 kali. Beberapa gunung berapi aktif di Jepang lainnya adalah, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_Unzen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung Unzen">Gunung Unzen</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_Ontake?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung Ontake">Gunung Ontake</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_Aso?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung Aso">Gunung Aso</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gunung_Asama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gunung Asama">Gunung Asama</a>. Meski rawan bencana, keadaan geologi menyebabkan Jepang memiliki banyak <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Onsen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Onsen">sumber mata air panas</a>, dan tanah yang subur, hingga memiliki wisata alam yang indah, sebagian besar di antaranya telah dibangun sebagai daerah tujuan wisata.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Klimatologi">Klimatologi</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Klimatologi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> Jepang berada di kawasan beriklim sedang dengan pembagian empat musim yang jelas. Walaupun demikian, terdapat perbedaan iklim yang mencolok antara wilayah bagian utara dan wilayah bagian selatan.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-climate-39">[39]</a> Pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_dingin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a>, Jepang bagian utara seperti Hokkaido mengalami musim salju, namun sebaliknya wilayah Jepang bagian selatan beriklim subtropis. Iklim juga dipengaruhi tiupan angin musim yang bertiup dari benua <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia">Asia</a> ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lautan_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lautan Pasifik">Lautan Pasifik</a> pada musim dingin, dan sebaliknya pada musim panas. Iklim Jepang terbagi atas enam zona iklim: <ul> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkaido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>: Kawasan paling utara beriklim sedang dengan musim dingin yang panjang dan membekukan, serta musim panas yang sejuk. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Presipitasi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Presipitasi">Presipitasi</a> tidak besar, namun salju banyak turun ketika musim dingin.</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laut_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laut Jepang">Laut Jepang</a>: Di pantai barat Pulau Honshu, tiupan angin dari barat laut membawa salju yang sangat lebat. Pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_panas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a>, kawasan ini lebih sejuk dibandingkan kawasan Pasifik. Walaupun demikian, suhu di kawasan ini kadang kala dapat menjadi sangat tinggi akibat fenomena <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angin_fohn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angin fohn">angin fohn</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dataran_Tinggi_Tengah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dataran Tinggi Tengah">Dataran Tinggi Tengah</a>: Wilayah ini beriklim pedalaman dengan perbedaan suhu rata-rata <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_panas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a>-<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_dingin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a> yang sangat mencolok. Perbedaan suhu antara malam hari dan siang hari juga sangat mencolok.</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laut_Pedalaman_Seto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laut Pedalaman Seto">Laut Pedalaman Seto</a>: Barisan pegunungan di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wilayah_Chugoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilayah Chugoku">wilayah Chugoku</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shikoku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a> menghalangi jalur tiupan angin musim, sehingga kawasan ini sepanjang tahun beriklim sedang.</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Samudra_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Samudra Pasifik">Samudra Pasifik</a>: Kawasan pesisir bagian timur Jepang mengalami musim dingin yang sangat dingin, namun tidak banyak turun salju. Sebaliknya, musim panas menjadi begitu lembap akibat tiupan angin musim dari tenggara.</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepulauan_Ryukyu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepulauan Ryukyu">Kepulauan Ryukyu</a>: Kepulauan di barat daya Jepang termasuk Kepulauan Ryukyu beriklim subtropis, hangat sewaktu musim dingin dan suhu yang tinggi sepanjang musim panas. Presipitasi sangat tinggi, terutama selama musim hujan. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taifun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Taifun">Taifun</a> sangat sering terjadi.</li> </ul> Suhu tertinggi yang pernah tercatat di Jepang adalah 40,9 °C (105,6 °F) pada 16 Agustus 2007.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_hujan_di_Asia_Timur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Musim hujan di Asia Timur">Musim hujan</a> dimulai lebih awal di Okinawa, yakni sejak awal Mei. Garis depan musim hujan bergerak ke utara, namun berakhir di Jepang utara sebelum mencapai Hokkaido. Di sebagian besar wilayah Honshu, awal musim hujan dimulai pertengahan Juni dan berlangsung selama enam minggu. Taifun sering terjadi sepanjang September dan Oktober. Penyebabnya adalah tekanan tropis di garis khatulistiwa yang bergerak dari barat daya ke timur laut, dan sering membawa hujan yang sangat lebat.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-climate-39">[39]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Politik" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pemerintah_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pemerintah Jepang">Pemerintah Jepang</a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Parlemen">Parlemen</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Parlemen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> Jepang menganut sistem negara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarki_konstitusional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarki konstitusional">monarki konstitusional</a> yang sangat membatasi kekuasaan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaisar Jepang">Kaisar Jepang</a>. Sebagai kepala negara seremonial, kedudukan Kaisar Jepang diatur dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstitusi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstitusi Jepang">konstitusi</a> sebagai "simbol negara dan pemersatu rakyat". Kekuasaan pemerintah berada di tangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri Jepang</a> dan anggota terpilih <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlemen Jepang">Parlemen Jepang</a>, sementara kedaulatan sepenuhnya berada di tangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rakyat_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakyat Jepang">rakyat Jepang</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Constitution-41">[41]</a> Kaisar Jepang bertindak sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepala_negara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepala negara">kepala negara</a> dalam urusan diplomatik. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlemen_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlemen Jepang">Parlemen Jepang</a> adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parlemen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parlemen">parlemen</a> dua kamar yang dibentuk mengikuti sistem Inggris. Parlemen Jepang terdiri dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majelis_Rendah_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Rendah Jepang">Majelis Rendah</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Majelis Tinggi Jepang">Majelis Tinggi</a>. Majelis Rendah Jepang terdiri dari 480 anggota dewan. Anggota majelis rendah dipilih secara langsung oleh rakyat setiap 4 tahun sekali atau setelah majelis rendah dibubarkan. Majelis Tinggi Jepang terdiri dari 242 anggota dewan yang memiliki masa jabatan 6 tahun, dan dipilih langsung oleh rakyat. Warganegara Jepang berusia 20 tahun ke atas memiliki hak untuk memilih.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11">[11]</a> Kabinet Jepang beranggotakan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perdana Menteri Jepang">Perdana Menteri</a> dan para menteri. Perdana Menteri adalah salah seorang anggota parlemen dari partai mayoritas di Majelis Rendah. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Partai_Demokrat_Liberal_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Partai Demokrat Liberal (Jepang)">Partai Demokrat Liberal</a> (LDP) berkuasa di Jepang sejak 1955, kecuali pada tahun 1993. Pada tahun itu terbentuk <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pemerintahan_koalisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pemerintahan koalisi">pemerintahan koalisi</a> yang hanya berumur singkat dengan partai oposisi. Partai oposisi terbesar di Jepang adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Partai_Demokratik_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Partai Demokratik (Jepang)">Partai Demokratik Jepang</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Perdana Menteri Jepang adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepala_pemerintahan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kepala pemerintahan">kepala pemerintahan</a>. Perdana Menteri diangkat melalui pemilihan di antara anggota Parlemen.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-naikaku-43">[43]</a> Bila Majelis Rendah dan Majelis Tinggi masing-masing memiliki calon perdana menteri, maka calon dari Majelis Rendah yang diutamakan. Pada praktiknya, perdana menteri berasal dari partai mayoritas di parlemen. Menteri-menteri kabinet diangkat oleh Perdana Menteri. Kaisar Jepang mengangkat Perdana Menteri berdasarkan keputusan Parlemen Jepang,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[44]</a> dan memberi persetujuan atas pengangkatan menteri-menteri kabinet.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Perdana Menteri memerlukan dukungan dan kepercayaan dari anggota Majelis Rendah untuk bertahan sebagai Perdana Menteri. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Keluarga_kekaisaran">Keluarga kekaisaran</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Keluarga kekaisaran" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wangsa_Kekaisaran_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wangsa Kekaisaran Jepang">Wangsa Kekaisaran Jepang</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/220px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="522"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 131px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/220px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="131" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/330px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg/440px-Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_cropped_Emperor_Naruhito_and_Empress_Masako_20191110_1.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Naruhito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Naruhito">Kaisar Naruhito</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Permaisuri_Masako?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Permaisuri Masako">Permaisuri Masako</a> setelah Upacara Penobatan di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> pada 10 November 2019 </figcaption> </figure> Kaisar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Naruhito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> adalah Kaisar Jepang yang sekarang. Kaisar Naruhito naik takhta sebagai kaisar ke-126 setelah ayahandanya, Kaisar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akihito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akihito">Akihito</a> turun takhta pada 1 Mei 2019. Kaisar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Naruhito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Naruhito">Naruhito</a> menikah dengan Putri Mahkota <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Masako_Owada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Masako Owada">Masako</a> yang berasal dari kalangan rakyat biasa, dan dikaruniai anak perempuan bernama Aiko (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aiko_(putri)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Aiko (putri)">Putri Toshi</a>). Adik Kaisar Naruhito bernama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fumihito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Fumihito">Pangeran Akishino</a> yang menikah dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kiko_Kawashima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiko Kawashima">Kiko Kawashima</a> yang juga berasal dari rakyat biasa. Pangeran Akishino memiliki dua anak perempuan, yaitu (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mako_Komuro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mako Komuro">Putri Mako</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Putri_Kako_dari_Akishino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Putri Kako dari Akishino">Putri Kako</a>), serta anak laki-laki bernama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pangeran_Hisahito?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pangeran Hisahito">Pangeran Hisahito</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hubungan_luar_negeri_dan_militer">Hubungan luar negeri dan militer</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Hubungan luar negeri dan militer" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hubungan_luar_negeri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hubungan luar negeri Jepang">Hubungan luar negeri Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pasukan_Bela_Diri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pasukan Bela Diri Jepang">Pasukan Bela Diri Jepang</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kementerian_Pertahanan_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)">Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)</a> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/200px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="75" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="960"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 75px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/200px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="75" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/300px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg/400px-JMSDF_DDH_181_Hyuga.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Kapal pengangkut helikopter <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kapal_perusak_kelas_Hyuga&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kapal perusak kelas Hyuga (halaman belum tersedia)">kelas Hyuga</a> milik <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Bela_Diri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang</a> </figcaption> </figure> Jepang memiliki hubungan ekonomi dan militer yang erat dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, dan menjalankan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebijakan_luar_negeri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kebijakan luar negeri">kebijakan luar negeri</a> berdasarkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Hubungan_Jepang_dengan_Amerika_Serikat&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Hubungan Jepang dengan Amerika Serikat (halaman belum tersedia)">pakta keamanan Jepang-AS</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Sejak diterima menjadi anggota <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a> pada tahun 1956, Jepang telah sepuluh kali menjadi anggota tidak tetap <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dewan_Keamanan_PBB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dewan Keamanan PBB">Dewan Keamanan PBB</a>, termasuk tahun 2009-2010.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Jepang adalah salah satu negara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="G4">G4</a> yang sedang mengusulkan perluasan anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan PBB.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Sebagai negara anggota <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="G8">G8</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi_Asia_Pasifik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik">APEC</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kawasan_Perdagangan_Bebas_ASEAN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#ASEAN_Plus_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas ASEAN">ASEAN Plus 3</a>, dan peserta <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konferensi_Tingkat_Tinggi_Asia_Timur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi Asia Timur">Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi Asia Timur</a>, Jepang aktif dalam hubungan internasional dan mempererat persahabatan Jepang dengan negara-negara lain di seluruh dunia. Pakta pertahanan dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Australia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Australia">Australia</a> ditandatangani pada Maret 2007,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49">[49]</a> dan dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="India">India</a> pada Oktober 2008.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Pada tahun 2007, Jepang adalah negara donor <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan_Pembangunan_Resmi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi">Bantuan Pembangunan Resmi</a> (ODA) terbesar kelima di dunia.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Negara penerima bantuan ODA terbesar dari Jepang adalah Indonesia, dengan total bantuan lebih dari AS$29,5 miliar dari tahun 1960 hingga 2006.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Jepang bersengketa dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> mengenai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persengketaan_Kepulauan_Kuril?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Persengketaan Kepulauan Kuril">Kepulauan Kuril</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53">[53]</a> dan dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea_Selatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> mengenai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Batu_Liancourt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Batu Liancourt">Batu Liancourt</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kepulauan_Senkaku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepulauan Senkaku">Kepulauan Senkaku</a> yang di bawah pemerintahan Jepang dipermasalahkan oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taiwan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pasal_9_Konstitusi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pasal 9 Konstitusi Jepang">Pasal 9 Konstitusi Jepang</a> berisi penolakan terhadap perang dan penggunaan kekuatan bersenjata untuk menyelesaikan persengketaan internasional. Pasal 9 Ayat 2 berisi pelarangan kepemilikan angkatan bersenjata dan penolakan atas hak keterlibatan dalam perang.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Jepang memiliki <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pasukan_Bela_Diri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasukan Bela Diri">Pasukan Bela Diri</a> yang berada di bawah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kementerian_Pertahanan_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)">Kementerian Pertahanan</a>, dan terdiri dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angkatan_Darat_Bela_Diri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angkatan Darat Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Darat Bela Diri Jepang</a> (JGSDF), <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Bela_Diri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang</a> (JMSDF), dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Bela_Diri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angkatan Udara Bela Diri Jepang">Angkatan Udara Bela Diri Jepang</a> (JASDF). Pada tahun 1991, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapal_penyapu_ranjau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapal penyapu ranjau">kapal penyapu ranjau</a> Angkatan Laut Bela Diri Jepang ikut membersihkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ranjau_laut?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ranjau laut">ranjau laut</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teluk_Persia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teluk Persia">Teluk Persia</a> (lepas pantai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuwait?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>) bersama kapal penyapu ranjau dari delapan negara.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mod.go.jp-59">[59]</a> Atas permintaan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pemerintahan_Transisi_PBB_di_Kamboja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemerintahan Transisi PBB di Kamboja">Pemerintahan Transisi PBB di Kamboja</a> (1992-1993), Jepang mengirimkan pengamat gencatan senjata, pemantau pemilihan umum, polisi sipil, dan dukungan logistik seperti perbaikan jalan dan jembatan.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Irak?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Irak">Irak</a>, pasukan nontempur Jepang membantu misi kemanusiaan dan kegiatan rekonstruksi infrastruktur mulai Desember 2003 hingga Februari 2009.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-mod.go.jp-59">[59]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Pembagian_administratif">Pembagian administratif</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Pembagian administratif" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pembagian_administratif_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pembagian administratif Jepang">Pembagian administratif Jepang</a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Informasi lebih lanjut: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_prefektur_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar prefektur di Jepang">Daftar prefektur di Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_wilayah_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar wilayah di Jepang">Daftar wilayah di Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kota_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kota (Jepang)">Kota (Jepang)</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_kota_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar kota di Jepang">Daftar kota di Jepang</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_desa_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar desa di Jepang">Daftar desa di Jepang</a> </div> Jepang terdiri dari 47 prefektur, masing-masing diawasi oleh gubernur, birokrasi legislatif dan administratif. Setiap prefektur dibagi lagi menjadi kota, kota dan desa.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Negara ini sedang mengalami <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Penggabungan_Kota_dan_pembubaran_di_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Penggabungan Kota dan pembubaran di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">reorganisasi administrasi</a> dengan menggabungkan banyak kota besar, kota kecil dan desa dengan satu sama lain. Proses ini akan mengurangi jumlah wilayah administratif sub-prefektur dan diharapkan dapat memotong biaya administrasi.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-left" typeof="mw:File"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg/500px-Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="662" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="755" usemap="#ImageMap_f070d6947b493f74" resource="/wiki/Berkas:Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 500px;height: 662px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg/500px-Regions_and_Prefectures_of_Japan_2.svg.png" data-width="500" data-height="662" 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title="Prefektur Ishikawa"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Gifu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="248,426,279,411,282,460,258,456,247,467,234,446,252,435" alt="Prefektur Gifu" title="Prefektur Gifu"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Fukui?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="233,417,252,435,217,461,210,457,229,445,223,431" alt="Prefektur Fukui" title="Prefektur Fukui"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Yamanashi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="305,430,321,426,339,435,331,444,316,453,307,445" alt="Prefektur Yamanashi" title="Prefektur Yamanashi"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Shizuoka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="303,446,314,455,329,446,341,462,332,479,330,460,312,484,282,484" alt="Prefektur Shizuoka" title="Prefektur Shizuoka"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Aichi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="296,460,259,458,252,467,255,474,268,490,282,485" alt="Prefektur Aichi" title="Prefektur Aichi"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Shiga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="235,447,244,466,242,479,230,486,219,460" alt="Prefektur Shiga" title="Prefektur Shiga"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Kyoto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="189,452,200,445,220,460,231,487,195,467" alt="Prefektur Kyoto" title="Prefektur Kyoto"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Mie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="243,467,255,473,247,485,266,498,246,509,235,529,227,524,235,512,235,492,229,487,242,476" alt="Prefektur Mie" title="Prefektur Mie"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Nara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="220,486,229,487,235,494,235,513,227,524,217,522" alt="Prefektur Nara" title="Prefektur Nara"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Hyogo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="189,453,171,453,177,463,170,474,174,490,210,493,210,478,193,467" alt="Prefektur Hyōgo" title="Prefektur Hyōgo"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Osaka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="210,477,220,485,220,503,209,503" alt="Prefektur Ōsaka" title="Prefektur Ōsaka"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Wakayama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="207,503,200,509,202,524,226,542,235,531,216,521,220,503" alt="Prefektur Wakayama" title="Prefektur Wakayama"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Tottori?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="172,454,174,470,160,466,132,482,135,464" alt="Prefektur Tottori" title="Prefektur Tottori"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Okayama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="133,481,159,467,172,471,171,491,145,504" alt="Prefektur Okayama" title="Prefektur Okayama"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Shimane?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="125,458,131,481,109,495,88,514,79,502" alt="Prefektur Shimane" title="Prefektur Shimane"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Hiroshima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="130,481,143,504,112,518,98,516,91,509" alt="Prefektur Hiroshima" title="Prefektur Hiroshima"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Yamaguchi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="77,504,98,517,96,537,63,535,53,516" alt="Prefektur Yamaguchi" title="Prefektur Yamaguchi"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Kagawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="160,505,148,515,151,524,178,512" alt="Prefektur Kagawa" title="Prefektur Kagawa"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Tokushima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="177,512,150,525,175,540,188,524" alt="Prefektur Tokushima" title="Prefektur Tokushima"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Ehime?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="148,522,133,527,125,520,97,552,112,556,114,574,124,548" alt="Prefektur Ehime" title="Prefektur Ehime"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Kochi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="113,574,142,531,175,539,169,552,150,545,129,577" alt="Prefektur Kochi" title="Prefektur Kochi"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Fukuoka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="57,531,25,554,43,557,37,570,54,567,54,556,64,546" alt="Prefektur Fukuoka" title="Prefektur Fukuoka"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Oita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="66,547,54,569,65,565,73,580,95,577,81,544" alt="Prefektur Ōita" title="Prefektur Ōita"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Saga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="22,553,14,560,28,574,43,556" alt="Prefektur Saga" title="Prefektur Saga"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Nagasaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="13,560,27,574,39,581,32,591,16,594,4,562" alt="Prefektur Nagasaki" title="Prefektur Nagasaki"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Kumamoto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="39,571,65,564,73,578,61,592,63,610,37,610,43,590" alt="Prefektur Kumamoto" title="Prefektur Kumamoto"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Miyazaki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="70,579,93,578,76,642,53,613,65,607,61,591" alt="Prefektur Miyazaki" title="Prefektur Miyazaki"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Kagoshima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="37,608,53,611,70,631,53,655,33,650" alt="Prefektur Kagoshima" title="Prefektur Kagoshima"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Okinawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="poly" coords="456,569,439,602,453,611,471,577" alt="Prefektur Okinawa" title="Prefektur Okinawa"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="rect" coords="372,471,402,484" alt="Tōkyō Metropolis" title="Tōkyō Metropolis"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Kanagawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="rect" coords="337,484,384,495" alt="Prefektur Kanagawa" title="Prefektur Kanagawa"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Osaka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="rect" coords="193,538,222,550" alt="Prefektur Ōsaka" title="Prefektur Ōsaka"><area href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Wakayama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" shape="rect" coords="201,552,249,563" alt="Prefektur Wakayama" title="Prefektur Wakayama"></map> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Ekonomi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekonomi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekonomi Jepang">Ekonomi Jepang</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/220px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1443"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 159px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/220px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="159" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/330px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg/440px-The_Tokyo_Stock_Exchange_-_main_room_2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bursa_Efek_Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bursa Efek Tokyo">Bursa Efek Tokyo</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bursa_efek?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bursa efek">bursa saham</a> terbesar ketiga di dunia. </figcaption> </figure> Sejak <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Periode_Meiji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode Meiji">periode Meiji</a> (1868-1912), Jepang mulai menganut ekonomi <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pasar_bebas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pasar bebas">pasar bebas</a> dan mengadopsi <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalisme">kapitalisme</a> model Inggris dan Amerika Serikat. Sistem pendidikan Barat diterapkan di Jepang, dan ribuan orang Jepang dikirim ke Amerika Serikat dan Eropa untuk belajar. Lebih dari 3.000 orang Eropa dan Amerika didatangkan sebagai tenaga pengajar di Jepang.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-patterns-65">[65]</a> Pada awal periode Meiji, pemerintah membangun jalan kereta api, jalan raya, dan memulai reformasi kepemilikan tanah. Pemerintah membangun pabrik dan galangan kapal untuk dijual kepada swasta dengan harga murah. Sebagian dari perusahaan yang didirikan pada periode Meiji berkembang menjadi <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zaibatsu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zaibatsu">zaibatsu</a>, dan beberapa di antaranya masih beroperasi hingga kini.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-patterns-65">[65]</a> Pertumbuhan ekonomi riil dari tahun 1960-an hingga 1980-an sering disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keajaiban_ekonomi_Jepang_pascaperang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Keajaiban ekonomi Jepang pascaperang">"keajaiban ekonomi Jepang"</a>, yakni rata-rata 10% pada tahun 1960-an, 5% pada tahun 1970-an, dan 4% pada tahun 1980-an.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-patterns-65">[65]</a> Dekade 1980-an merupakan masa keemasan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ekspor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ekspor">ekspor</a> otomotif dan barang elektronik ke Eropa dan Amerika Serikat sehingga terjadi surplus neraca perdagangan yang mengakibatkan konflik perdagangan. Setelah ditandatanganinya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perjanjian_Plaza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perjanjian Plaza">Perjanjian Plaza</a> 1985, dolar AS mengalami depresiasi terhadap yen. Pada Februari 1987, tingkat diskonto resmi diturunkan hingga 2,5% agar produk manufaktur Jepang bisa kembali kompetitif setelah terjadi kemerosotan volume ekspor akibat menguatnya yen. Akibatnya, terjadi surplus <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Likuiditas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Likuiditas">likuiditas</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penciptaan_uang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penciptaan uang">penciptaan uang</a> dalam jumlah besar. Spekulasi menyebabkan harga <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saham">saham</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Realestat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Realestat">realestat</a> terus meningkat, dan berakibat pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penggelembungan_harga_aset_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penggelembungan harga aset di Jepang">penggelembungan harga aset</a>. Harga tanah terutama menjadi sangat tinggi akibat adanya "mitos tanah" bahwa harga tanah tidak akan jatuh.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-kobayashi-33">[33]</a> Ekonomi gelembung Jepang jatuh pada awal tahun 1990-an akibat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kebijakan_moneter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kebijakan moneter">kebijakan uang ketat</a> yang dikeluarkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bank_of_Japan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Japan">Bank of Japan</a> pada 1989, dan kenaikan tingkat diskonto resmi menjadi 6%.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-kobayashi-33">[33]</a> Pada 1990, pemerintah mengeluarkan sistem baru pajak penguasaan tanah dan bank diminta untuk membatasi pendanaan aset properti. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_rata-rata_Nikkei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Indeks rata-rata Nikkei">Indeks rata-rata Nikkei</a> dan harga tanah jatuh pada Desember 1989 dan musim gugur 1990.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-kobayashi-33">[33]</a> Pertumbuhan ekonomi mengalami stagnasi pada 1990-an, dengan angka rata-rata pertumbuhan ekonomi riil hanya 1,7% sebagai akibat penanaman modal yang tidak efisien dan penggelembungan harga aset pada 1980-an. Institusi keuangan menanggung <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kredit_bermasalah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kredit bermasalah">kredit bermasalah</a> karena telah mengeluarkan pinjaman uang dengan jaminan tanah atau saham. Usaha pemerintah mengembalikan pertumbuhan ekonomi hanya sedikit yang berhasil dan selanjutnya terhambat oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gelembung_dot-com?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gelembung dot-com">kelesuan ekonomi global</a> pada tahun 2000.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciaecon-66">[66]</a> Jepang adalah perekonomian <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)">terbesar nomor tiga</a> di dunia setelah Amerika Serikat, Jepang bersama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jerman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jerman">Jerman</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea_Selatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> adalah 3 negara yang pernah mencatatkan diri sebagai negara-negara dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi tercepat sepanjang sejarah dunia,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-imf-67">[67]</a> dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Produk_Domestik_Bruto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Produk Domestik Bruto">PDB nominal</a> sekitar AS$4,5 triliun.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-imf-67">[67]</a>, dan perekonomian terbesar ke-3 di dunia setelah AS dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Republik Rakyat Tiongkok</a> dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Industri utama Jepang adalah sektor <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perbankan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Perbankan">perbankan</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asuransi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asuransi">asuransi</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Realestat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Realestat">realestat</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bisnis_eceran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisnis eceran">bisnis eceran</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transportasi_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transportasi di Jepang">transportasi</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Telekomunikasi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Telekomunikasi">telekomunikasi</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konstruksi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konstruksi">konstruksi</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Jepang memiliki industri berteknologi tinggi di bidang <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otomotif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Otomotif">otomotif</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elektronik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mesin_perkakas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mesin perkakas">mesin perkakas</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baja">baja</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Logam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Logam">logam</a> non-besi, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapal">perkapalan</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Industri_kimia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Industri kimia">industri kimia</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tekstil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tekstil">tekstil</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pengolahan_makanan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pengolahan makanan">pengolahan makanan</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciaecon-66">[66]</a> Sebesar tiga perempat dari produk domestik bruto Jepang berasal dari sektor jasa. <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:508px;"> <table style="background: transparent; border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0; width:504px;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang."> <noscript> <img alt="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/250px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 167px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/250px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG" data-alt="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang." data-width="250" data-height="167" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/375px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG/500px-JP-Osaka-AbenoHarukas-Building.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; width: 2px"></td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_(16015772528).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang."> <noscript> <img alt="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/250px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 250px;height: 167px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/250px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg" data-alt="Abeno Harukas Osaka (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan Tokyo Skytree (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang." data-width="250" data-height="167" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/375px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg/500px-Tokyo_Skytree_in_Dec_2014_%2816015772528%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> </tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;" colspan="3"> <div class="thumbcaption"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gedung_Terminal_Abenobashi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gedung Terminal Abenobashi">Abeno Harukas Osaka</a> (kiri), gedung tertinggi di Jepang, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tokyo_Skytree?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tokyo Skytree">Tokyo Skytree</a> (kanan), struktur tertinggi di Jepang. </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> Hingga tahun 2001, jumlah angkatan kerja Jepang mencapai 67 juta orang.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_tingkat_pengangguran?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar negara menurut tingkat pengangguran">Tingkat pengangguran</a> di Jepang sekitar 4%. Pada tahun 2007, Jepang menempati urutan ke-19 dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(PPP)_per_jam_kerja&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (PPP) per jam kerja (halaman belum tersedia)">produktivitas tenaga kerja</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Big_Mac?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Big Mac">indeks Big Mac</a>, tenaga kerja di Jepang mendapat upah per jam terbesar di dunia. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toyota_Motor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Motor">Toyota Motor</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitsubishi_UFJ_Financial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi UFJ Financial">Mitsubishi UFJ Financial</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nintendo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/NTT_DoCoMo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="NTT DoCoMo">NTT DoCoMo</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nippon_Telegraph_%26_Telephone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon Telegraph & Telephone">Nippon Telegraph & Telephone</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon">Canon</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Matsushita_Electric_Industrial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Matsushita Electric Industrial">Matsushita Electric Industrial</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Honda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Honda">Honda</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mitsubishi_Corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mitsubishi Corporation">Mitsubishi Corporation</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sumitomo_Mitsui_Financial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumitomo Mitsui Financial">Sumitomo Mitsui Financial</a> adalah 10 besar perusahaan Jepang pada tahun 2008.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Sejumlah 326 perusahaan Jepang masuk ke dalam daftar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forbes_Global_2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Forbes Global 2000">Forbes Global 2000</a> atau 16,3% dari 2000 perusahaan publik terbesar di dunia (data tahun 2006).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bursa_Saham_Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa Saham Tokyo">Bursa Saham Tokyo</a> memiliki total <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalisasi_pasar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalisasi pasar">kapitalisasi pasar</a> terbesar nomor dua di dunia. Indeks dari 225 saham perusahaan besar yang diperdagangkan di Bursa Saham Tokyo disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nikkei_225?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nikkei 225">Nikkei 225</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Kemudahan_Berbisnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Kemudahan Berbisnis">Indeks Kemudahan Berbisnis</a>, Jepang menempati peringkat ke-12, dan termasuk salah satu negara maju dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_menurut_penerimaan_pajak_sebagai_persentase_PDB&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Daftar negara menurut penerimaan pajak sebagai persentase PDB (halaman belum tersedia)">birokrasi paling sederhana</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapitalisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapitalisme">Kapitalisme</a> model Jepang memiliki sejumlah ciri khas. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keiretsu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Keiretsu">Keiretsu</a> adalah grup usaha yang beranggotakan perusahaan yang saling memiliki kerja sama bisnis dan kepemilikan saham. Negosiasi upah (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shunt%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shuntō">shuntō</a>) berikut perbaikan kondisi kerja antara manajemen dan serikat buruh dilakukan setiap awal <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_semi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim semi">musim semi</a>. Budaya bisnis Jepang mengenal konsep-konsep lokal, seperti <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sistem_Nenk%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sistem Nenkō">Sistem Nenkō</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nemawashi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nemawashi">nemawashi</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Salaryman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Salaryman">salaryman</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Office_lady?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Office lady">office lady</a>. Perusahaan di Jepang mengenal kenaikan pangkat berdasarkan senioritas dan jaminan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pekerjaan_seumur_hidup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pekerjaan seumur hidup">pekerjaan seumur hidup</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Kejatuhan ekonomi gelembung yang diikuti kebangkrutan besar-besaran dan pemutusan hubungan kerja menyebabkan jaminan pekerjaan seumur hidup mulai ditinggalkan.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Perusahaan Jepang dikenal dengan metode manajemen seperti <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Toyota_Way?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Toyota Way">The Toyota Way</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aktivisme_pemegang_saham?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Aktivisme pemegang saham">Aktivisme pemegang saham</a> sangat jarang.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Kebebasan_Ekonomi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi">Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi</a>, Jepang menempati urutan ke-5 negara paling <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laissez-faire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laissez-faire">laissez-faire</a> di antara 41 negara Asia Pasifik.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Toyota_Prius_side.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/200px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="79" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1533" data-file-height="603"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 79px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/200px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="79" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/300px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Toyota_Prius_side.jpg/400px-Toyota_Prius_side.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_hibrida_(automotif)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Teknologi hibrida (automotif) (halaman belum tersedia)">Mobil hibrida</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Toyota_Prius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Toyota Prius">Toyota Prius</a>. Produk <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otomotif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Otomotif">otomotif</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elektronik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a> adalah komoditas ekspor unggulan Jepang. </figcaption> </figure> Total ekspor Jepang pada tahun 2005 adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Daftar_negara_menurut_ekspor_per_kapita&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Daftar negara menurut ekspor per kapita (halaman belum tersedia)">4.210 dolar AS per kapita</a>. Pasar ekspor terbesar Jepang tahun 2006 adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> 22,8%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uni_Eropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uni Eropa">Uni Eropa</a> 14,5%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> 14,3%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea_Selatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> 7,8%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Tiongkok">Taiwan</a> 6,8%, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hong_Kong?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> 5,6%. Produk ekspor unggulan Jepang adalah alat transportasi, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kendaraan_bermotor?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kendaraan bermotor">kendaraan bermotor</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elektronik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Elektronik">elektronik</a>, mesin-mesin listrik, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahan_kimia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahan kimia">bahan kimia</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciaecon-66">[66]</a> Negara sumber impor terbesar bagi Jepang pada tahun 2006 adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> 20,5%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">AS</a> 12,0%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uni_Eropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uni Eropa">Uni Eropa</a> 10,3%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arab_Saudi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a> 6,4%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Uni Emirat Arab">Uni Emirat Arab</a> 5,5%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Australia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Australia">Australia</a> 4,8%, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea_Selatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> 4,7%, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indonesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> 4,2%. Impor utama Jepang adalah mesin-mesin dan perkakas, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minyak_bumi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Minyak bumi">minyak bumi</a>, bahan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Makanan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Makanan">makanan</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tekstil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tekstil">tekstil</a>, dan bahan mentah untuk industri.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciaecon-66">[66]</a> Jepang adalah negara pengimpor hasil laut terbesar di dunia (senilai AS$ 14 miliar).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Jepang berada di peringkat ke-6 setelah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Republik_Rakyat_Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Rakyat Tiongkok">RRT</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peru">Peru</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indonesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chili?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chili">Chili</a>, dengan total tangkapan ikan yang terus menurun sejak 1996.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Pertanian adalah sektor industri andalan hingga beberapa tahun seusai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Menurut sensus tahun 1950, sekitar 50% angkatan kerja berada di bidang pertanian. Sepanjang "masa keajaiban ekonomi Jepang", angkatan kerja di bidang pertanian terus menyusut hingga sekitar 4,1% pada tahun 2008.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Pada Februari 2007 terdapat 1.813.000 keluarga petani komersial, namun di antaranya hanya kurang dari 21,2% atau 387.000 keluarga petani pengusaha.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yano_agri0.5-85">[85]</a> Sebagian besar angkatan kerja pertanian sudah berusia lanjut, sementara angkatan kerja usia muda hanya sedikit yang bekerja di bidang pertanian.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-yano_agri1-86">[86]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Diperkirakan oleh pengamat ekonomi bahwa, Jepang bersama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea_Selatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="India">India</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/RRT?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="RRT">RRT</a> akan benar-benar mendominasi dunia pada tahun 2030 dan mematahkan dominasi barat atas perekonomian dunia. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Demografi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Demografi_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demografi Jepang">demografi Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bangsa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Jepang">bangsa Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Masalah_ras_di_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Masalah ras di Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">masalah ras di Jepang</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agama di Jepang">agama di Jepang</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Shibuya_night.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/220px-Shibuya_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="765"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 164px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/220px-Shibuya_night.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="164" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/330px-Shibuya_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Shibuya_night.jpg/440px-Shibuya_night.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Pemandangan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shibuya,_Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shibuya, Tokyo">perempatan Shibuya</a> pada malam hari. Perempatan Shibuya dikenal sangat ramai dengan penyeberang jalan. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/220px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="966" data-file-height="684"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/220px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/330px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg/440px-Itsukushima_torii_distance.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuil_Shinto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuil Shinto">Kuil Shinto</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuil_Itsukushima?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuil Itsukushima">Itsukushima</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Situs_Warisan_Dunia_UNESCO?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO">Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO</a>. </figcaption> </figure> Populasi Jepang diperkirakan sekitar 127,614 juta orang (perkiraan 1 Februari 2009).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciapeople-88">[88]</a> Masyarakat Jepang homogen dalam <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etnis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Etnis">etnis</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Budaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Budaya">budaya</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Linguistik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Linguistik">bahasa</a>, dengan sedikit populasi pekerja asing. Di antara sedikit penduduk minoritas di Jepang terdapat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Korea_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Korea di Jepang">orang Korea Zainichi</a>,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Tionghoa_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Tionghoa di Jepang">Tionghoa Zainichi</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Filipina_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Filipina di Jepang">orang Filipina</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diaspora_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diaspora Jepang">orang Brazil-Jepang</a>,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-90">[90]</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Peru-Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Orang Peru-Jepang">orang Peru-Jepang</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Pada 2003, ada sekitar 136.000 orang Barat yang menjadi ekspatriat di Jepang.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Kewarganegaraan Jepang diberikan kepada bayi yang dilahirkan dari ayah atau ibu berkewarganegaraan Jepang, ayah berkewarganegaraan Jepang yang wafat sebelum bayi lahir, atau bayi yang lahir di Jepang dengan ayah/ibu tidak diketahui/tidak memiliki <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Warga_negara?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Warga negara">kewarganegaraan</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suku_bangsa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku bangsa">Suku bangsa</a> yang paling dominan adalah penduduk asli yang disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suku_Yamato?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Yamato">suku Yamato</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kelompok_minoritas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelompok minoritas">kelompok minoritas</a> utama yang terdiri dari penduduk asli <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suku_Ainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Suku Ainu">suku Ainu</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-94">[94]</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Orang_Ryukyu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Orang Ryukyu">Ryukyu</a>, ditambah kelompok minoritas secara sosial yang disebut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Burakumin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Burakumin">burakumin</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Pada tahun 2006, tingkat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harapan_hidup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harapan hidup">harapan hidup</a> di Jepang adalah 81,25 tahun, dan merupakan salah satu tingkat harapan hidup tertinggi di dunia.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Namun populasi Jepang dengan cepat menua sebagai dampak dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ledakan_kelahiran_pasca_Perang_Dunia_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ledakan kelahiran pasca Perang Dunia II">ledakan kelahiran pascaperang</a> diikuti dengan penurunan tingkat kelahiran. Pada tahun 2004, sekitar 19,5% dari populasi Jepang sudah berusia di atas 65 tahun.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-handbook-97">[97]</a> Perubahan dalam struktur demografi menyebabkan sejumlah masalah sosial, terutama kecenderungan menurunnya populasi angkatan kerja dan meningkatnya biaya jaminan sosial seperti <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pensiun?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pensiun">uang pensiun</a>. Masalah lain termasuk meningkatkan generasi muda yang memilih untuk tidak <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Menikah?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Menikah">menikah</a> atau memiliki keluarga ketika dewasa.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ogawa-98">[98]</a> Populasi Jepang dikhawatirkan akan merosot menjadi 100 juta pada tahun 2050 dan makin menurun hingga 64 juta pada tahun 2100.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-handbook-97">[97]</a> Pakar demografi dan pejabat pemerintah kini dalam perdebatan hangat mengenai cara menangani masalah penurunan jumlah penduduk.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Ogawa-98">[98]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imigrasi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imigrasi">Imigrasi</a> dan insentif uang untuk kelahiran bayi sering disarankan sebagai pemecahan masalah penduduk Jepang yang semakin menua.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Perkiraan tertinggi jumlah penganut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">agama Buddha</a> sekaligus <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shinto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> adalah 84-96% yang menunjukkan besarnya jumlah penganut sinkretisme dari kedua agama tersebut.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11">[11]</a><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Walaupun demikian, perkiraan tersebut hanya didasarkan pada jumlah orang yang diperkirakan ada hubungan dengan kuil, dan bukan jumlah penduduk yang sungguh-sungguh menganut kedua agama tersebut.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Kisala-102">[102]</a> Professor Robert Kisala (dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitas_Nanzan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitas Nanzan">Universitas Nanzan</a>) memperkirakan hanya 30% dari penduduk Jepang yang mengaku menganut suatu agama.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Kisala-102">[102]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taoisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taoisme">Taoisme</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konfusianisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konfusianisme">Konfusianisme</a> dari Tiongkok juga memengaruhi kepercayaan dan tradisi Jepang. Agama di Jepang cenderung bersifat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sinkretisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sinkretisme">sinkretisme</a> dengan hasil berupa berbagai macam tradisi, seperti orang tua membawa anak-anak ke upacara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shinto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shinto">Shinto</a>, pelajar berdoa di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuil_Shinto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuil Shinto">kuil Shinto</a> meminta lulus ujian, pernikahan ala Barat di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kapel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kapel">kapel</a> atau <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gereja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gereja">gereja</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kristen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a>, sementara pemakaman diurus oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuil_Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuil Buddha">kuil Buddha</a>. Penduduk beragama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kristen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen">Kristen</a> hanya minoritas sejumlah (2.595.397 juta atau 2,04%).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Kebanyakan orang Jepang mengambil sikap tidak peduli terhadap <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agama">agama</a> dan melihat <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agama">agama</a> sebagai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Budaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Budaya">budaya</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tradisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tradisi">tradisi</a>. Bila ditanya mengenai agama, mereka akan mengatakan bahwa mereka beragama <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> hanya karena nenek moyang mereka menganut salah satu sekte agama Buddha. Selain itu, di Jepang sejak pertengahan abad ke-19 bermunculan berbagai sekte agama baru (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shinsh%C5%ABky%C5%8D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shinshūkyō">Shinshūkyō</a>) seperti <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tenrikyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aum_Shinrikyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aum Shinrikyo">Aum Shinrikyo</a> (atau Aleph). Lebih dari 99% penduduk Jepang berbicara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a> sebagai bahasa ibu.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ciapeople-88">[88]</a> Bahasa Jepang adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_aglutinatif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa aglutinatif">bahasa aglutinatif</a> dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Tuturan_hormat_dalam_bahasa_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Tuturan hormat dalam bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">tuturan hormat</a> (kata honorifik) yang mencerminkan hierarki dalam masyarakat Jepang. Pemilihan kata kerja dan kosakata menunjukkan status pembicara dan pendengar. Menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kamus_bahasa_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kamus bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">kamus bahasa Jepang</a> Shinsen-kokugojiten, kosakata dari Tiongkok berjumlah sekitar 49,1% dari kosakata keseluruhan, kata-kata asli Jepang hanya 33,8% dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kata_serapan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kata serapan">kata serapan</a> sekitar 8,8%.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sistem_penulisan_bahasa_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sistem penulisan bahasa Jepang">Bahasa Jepang</a> ditulis memakai aksara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kanji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kanji">kanji</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hiragana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hiragana">hiragana</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Katakana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katakana">katakana</a>, ditambah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Huruf_Latin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Huruf Latin">huruf Latin</a> dan penulisan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angka_Arab?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Angka Arab">angka Arab</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Ryukyu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Ryukyu">Bahasa Ryukyu</a> yang juga termasuk salah satu <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Keluarga_bahasa_Japonik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Keluarga bahasa Japonik">keluarga bahasa Japonik</a> dipakai <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prefektur_Okinawa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prefektur Okinawa">orang Okinawa</a>, tetapi hanya sedikit dipelajari anak-anak.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_Ainu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Ainu">Bahasa Ainu</a> adalah <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_mati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa mati">bahasa mati</a> dengan hanya sedikit <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bahasa_ibu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bahasa ibu">penutur asli</a> yang sudah berusia lanjut di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkaido?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Murid sekolah negeri dan swasta di Jepang hanya diharuskan belajar bahasa Jepang dan bahasa Inggris.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Pendidikan">Pendidikan</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Pendidikan" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pendidikan_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pendidikan di Jepang">Pendidikan di Jepang</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Yasuda_Auditorium,_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/220px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/220px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/330px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG/440px-Yasuda_Auditorium%2C_Tokyo_University_-_Nov_2005.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Auditorium Yasuda di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitas_Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitas Tokyo">Universitas Tokyo</a> </figcaption> </figure> Pendidikan dasar dan menengah, serta pendidikan tinggi diperkenalkan di Jepang pada 1872 sebagai hasil <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Restorasi_Meiji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Restorasi Meiji">Restorasi Meiji</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Sejak 1947, program wajib belajar di Jepang mewajibkan setiap warga negara untuk untuk bersekolah selama 9 tahun di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sekolah_Dasar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekolah Dasar">Sekolah Dasar</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sekolah_Menengah_Pertama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekolah Menengah Pertama">Sekolah Menengah Pertama</a> (dari usia 6 hingga 15 tahun). Di kalangan penduduk berusia 15 tahun ke atas, tingkat melek huruf sebesar 99%, laki-laki: 99%; perempuan: 99% (2002).<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Hampir semua murid meneruskan ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sekolah_Menengah_Atas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sekolah Menengah Atas">Sekolah Menengah Atas</a>, dan menurut <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kementerian_Pendidikan,_Budaya,_Olahraga,_Ilmu_Pengetahuan_dan_Teknologi_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kementerian Pendidikan, Budaya, Olahraga, Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (Jepang)">MEXT</a> sekitar 75,9% lulusan sekolah menengah atas pada tahun 2005 melanjutkan ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitas">universitas</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akademi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akademi">akademi</a>, sekolah keterampilan, atau lembaga pendidikan tinggi lainnya.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Pendidikan di Jepang sangat kompetitif,<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-111">[111]</a> khususnya dalam ujian masuk perguruan tinggi. Dua peringkat teratas universitas di Jepang ditempati oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitas_Tokyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitas Tokyo">Universitas Tokyo</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitas_Keio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitas Keio">Universitas Keio</a>.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Dalam peringkat yang disusun <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Program_Penilaian_Pelajar_Internasional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Program Penilaian Pelajar Internasional">Program Penilaian Pelajar Internasional</a> dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisasi_untuk_Kerjasama_dan_Pengembangan_Ekonomi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisasi untuk Kerjasama dan Pengembangan Ekonomi">OECD</a>, pengetahuan dan keterampilan anak Jepang berusia 15 tahun berada di peringkat nomor enam terbaik di dunia.<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Peringkat_internasional">Peringkat internasional</h3> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Peringkat internasional" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">Indeks Pembangunan Manusia</a> - peringkat ke-19 dan 4 besar di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Kebebasan_Pers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Kebebasan Pers">Indeks Kebebasan Pers</a> - peringkat ke-11</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PDB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PDB">PDB</a> - peringkat ke-3</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Kualitas_Hidup?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Kualitas Hidup">Indeks Kualitas Hidup</a> - peringkat ke-17</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Persepsi_Korupsi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Persepsi Korupsi">Indeks Persepsi Korupsi</a> - peringkat ke-17</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Indeks_Kebebasan_Ekonomi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi">Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi</a> - peringkat ke-17</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laporan_Daya_Saing_Global?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laporan Daya Saing Global">Laporan Daya Saing Global</a> - peringkat ke-7</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peringkat_dunia_FIFA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Peringkat dunia FIFA">Peringkat dunia FIFA</a> - peringkat ke-28</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Total_Perdagangan_Internasional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Total Perdagangan Internasional">Total Perdagangan Internasional</a> - peringkat ke-2</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="Budaya">Budaya</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Budaya" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Artikel utama: <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Budaya_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Budaya Jepang">Budaya Jepang</a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/220px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2590" data-file-height="1827"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 155px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/220px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="155" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/330px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg/440px-Kinkaku-ji_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kinkaku-ji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kinkaku-ji">Kinkaku-ji</a> atau 'Kuil Emas Pavilion' di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Monumen_Bersejarah_Kyoto_(Kyoto,_Uji_and_Otsu_Cities)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Monumen Bersejarah Kyoto (Kyoto, Uji and Otsu Cities) (halaman belum tersedia)">Kyoto</a> dan Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO. </figcaption> </figure> Budaya Jepang mencakup interaksi antara budaya asli <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jomon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jomon">Jomon</a> yang kukuh dengan pengaruh dari luar negeri yang menyusul. Mula-mula <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tiongkok?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Korea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Korea">Korea</a> banyak membawa pengaruh, bermula dengan perkembangan budaya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yayoi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Yayoi">Yayoi</a> sekitar <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/300_SM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="300 SM">300 SM</a>. Gabungan tradisi budaya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yunani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yunani">Yunani</a> dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="India">India</a>, memengaruhi seni dan keagamaan Jepang sejak <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abad_ke-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad ke-6">abad ke-6</a> Masehi, dilengkapi dengan pengenalan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agama_Buddha?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Buddha">agama Buddha</a> sekte <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mahayana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahayana">Mahayana</a>. Sejak abad ke-16, pengaruh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eropa">Eropa</a> menonjol, disusul dengan pengaruh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> yang mendominasi Jepang setelah berakhirnya <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>. Jepang turut mengembangkan budaya yang original dan unik, dalam seni (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ikebana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ikebana">ikebana</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Origami?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Origami">origami</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ukiyo-e?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a>), <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kerajinan_tangan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kerajinan tangan">kerajinan tangan</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pahatan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahatan">pahatan</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tembikar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tembikar">tembikar</a>, persembahan (boneka <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bunraku?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bunraku">bunraku</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nihon_buyo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nihon buyo">tarian tradisional</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kabuki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kabuki">kabuki</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Noh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Noh">noh</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rakugo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rakugo">rakugo</a>), dan tradisi (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Permainan_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Permainan Jepang">permainan Jepang</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Onsen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Onsen">onsen</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sento?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sento">sento</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Upacara_minum_teh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Upacara minum teh">upacara minum teh</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taman_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Taman Jepang">taman Jepang</a>), serta <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Makanan_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Makanan Jepang">makanan Jepang</a>. Kini, Jepang merupakan salah sebuah pengekspor budaya pop yang terbesar. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anime?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anime">Anime</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manga">manga</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mode?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mode">mode</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Film?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Film">film</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kesusastraan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesusastraan">kesusastraan</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Permainan_video?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Permainan video">permainan video</a>, dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musik?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musik">musik</a> Jepang menerima sambutan hangat di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara-negara <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Asia">Asia</a> yang lain. Pemuda Jepang gemar menciptakan trend baru dan kegemaran mengikut gaya mereka memengaruhi mode dan trend seluruh dunia. Pasar muda-mudi yang amat baik merupakan ujian untuk produk-produk elektronik konsumen yang baru, di mana gaya dan fungsinya ditentukan oleh pengguna Jepang, sebelum dipertimbangkan untuk diedarkan ke seluruh dunia. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Berkas:Chakin-sushi2.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/220px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="253"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 111px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/220px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="111" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/330px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chakin-sushi2.JPG/440px-Chakin-sushi2.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Chakinzushi, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sushi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sushi">sushi</a> yang dibungkus telur dadar tipis. </figcaption> </figure> Baru-baru ini Jepang mula mengekspor satu lagi komoditas budaya yang bernilai: olahragawan. Popularitas pemain <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bisbol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bisbol">bisbol</a> Jepang di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amerika_Serikat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amerika Serikat">Amerika Serikat</a> meningkatkan kesadaran warga negara Barat tersebut terhadap segalanya mengenai Jepang. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="Makanan_populer">Makanan populer</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Makanan populer" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> Orang Jepang biasanya gemar memakan makanan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tradisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tradisi">tradisi</a> mereka. Sebagian besar acara TV pada waktu petang dikhususkan pada penemuan dan penghasilan makanan tradisional yang bermutu. Makanan Jepang mencetak nama di seluruh dunia dengan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sushi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sushi">sushi</a>, yang biasanya dibuat dari berbagai jenis ikan mentah yang digabungkan dengan nasi dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wasabi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wasabi">wasabi</a>. Sushi memiliki banyak penggemar di seluruh dunia. Makanan Jepang bertumpu pada peralihan musim, dengan menghidangkan mi dingin dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sashimi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sashimi">sashimi</a> pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_panas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a>, sedangkan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ramen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramen">ramen</a> panas dan <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shabu-shabu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shabu-shabu">shabu-shabu</a> pada <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Musim_dingin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Musim dingin">musim dingin</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dentsu2006-1"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Dentsu2006_1-0">^</a> Dentsu Communication Institute, Japan Research Center: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/9460.html">Sixty Countries' Values Databook</a> (世界60カ国価値観データブック) (2000).</li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a> Menurut legenda, Jepang didirikan oleh <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kaisar_Jimmu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Jimmu">Kaisar Jimmu</a>, Sang Kaisar Pertama.</li> <li id="cite_note-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019-3"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Geospatial_Information_Authority_of_Japan_2019_3-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.japan.go.jp/japan/facts/">"Facts about Japan, General Information"</a>. 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October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+database%3A+October+2022&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft.date=2022-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2022%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D158%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2027%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htm">Inequality - Income inequality - OECD Data</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a>. Diakses tanggal July 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inequality+-+Income+inequality+-+OECD+Data&rft.pub=OECD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.oecd.org%2Finequality%2Fincome-inequality.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-8"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-HDI_8-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">"Human Development Report 2021/2022"</a> (PDF) (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. September 8, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-houseikyokusangiin-9"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-houseikyokusangiin_9-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://houseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp/column/column068.htm"><bdi lang="ja">法制執務コラム集「法律と国語・日本語」</bdi></a> (dalam bahasa Japanese). Legislative Bureau of the House of Councillors. Diakses tanggal January 19, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B3%95%E5%88%B6%E5%9F%B7%E5%8B%99%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E9%9B%86%E3%80%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E3%81%A8%E5%9B%BD%E8%AA%9E%E3%83%BB%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%80%8D&rft.pub=Legislative+Bureau+of+the+House+of+Councillors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhouseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp%2Fcolumn%2Fcolumn068.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite class="citation web">[Jepang <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf">http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf</a> "Facts and Figures of Japan 2007 01: Land"] Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) (PDF). Foreign Press Center Japan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090731072744/http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2009-07-31. Diakses tanggal 2009-07-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Facts+and+Figures+of+Japan+2007+01%3A+Land&rft.pub=Foreign+Press+Center+Japan&rft_id=Jepang+http%3A%2F%2Ffpcj.jp%2Fold%2Fe%2Fmres%2Fpublication%2Fff%2Fpdf_07%2F01_land.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988">  line feed character di <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> pada posisi 7 (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#invisible_char" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-ciawfbjapan-11">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-1">b</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciawfbjapan_11-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">"World Factbook; Japan"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CIA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>. 2007-03-15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225073556/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Factbook%3B+Japan&rft.pub=CIA&rft.date=2007-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fja.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf">United Nations World Population Propsects: 2006 revision</a> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721171003/http://ww">https://web.archive.org/web/20130721171003/http://ww</a> w.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/WPP2006_Highlights_rev.pdf Diarsipkan] 2013-07-21 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.–Table A.17 for 2005-2010</li> <li id="cite_note-schreiber-13"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-schreiber_13-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Schreiber, Mark (26 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2019/11/26/language/nihon-nippon-japan/">"You say 'Nihon,' I say 'Nippon,' or let's call the whole thing 'Japan'?"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Japan_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613171215/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2019/11/26/language/nihon-nippon-japan/">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-06-13. Diakses tanggal 20 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=You+say+%27Nihon%2C%27+I+say+%27Nippon%2C%27+or+let%27s+call+the+whole+thing+%27Japan%27%3F&rft.date=2019-11-26&rft.aulast=Schreiber&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Flife%2F2019%2F11%2F26%2Flanguage%2Fnihon-nippon-japan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/japanese/message/jpnEVwSABIuEVrrH_51.html">"Re: にほん or にっぽん"</a>. www.sf.airnet.ne.jp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615060402/http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/japanese/message/jpnEVwSABIuEVrrH_51.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-15. Diakses tanggal 2009-10-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sf.airnet.ne.jp&rft.atitle=Re%3A+%E3%81%AB%E3%81%BB%E3%82%93+or+%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A3%E3%81%BD%E3%82%93&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sf.airnet.ne.jp%2F~ts%2Fjapanese%2Fmessage%2FjpnEVwSABIuEVrrH_51.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahd-15"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ahd_15-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DcZ88p_bSt1EC%26pg%3DPAPA146">Word Histories and Mysteries: From Abracadabra to Zeus</a>. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. October 13, 2004. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-547-35027-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-547-35027-1">978-0-547-35027-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210170845/https://books.google.com/books?id%3DcZ88p_bSt1EC%26pg%3DPAPA146">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-02-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Word+Histories+and+Mysteries%3A+From+Abracadabra+to+Zeus&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt&rft.date=2004-10-13&rft.isbn=978-0-547-35027-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcZ88p_bSt1EC%26pg%3DPAPA146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">^</a> Luīs Fróis, "Of the Ilande of Giapan" (February 19, 1565), published in Richard Willes, "The History of Travayle in the West and East Indies" (London 1577), cited in "Travel Narratives from the Age of Discovery", by Peter C. Mancall, pp. 156–57.</li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Batchelor, Robert K. (January 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DgiZnAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPAPA79">London: The Selden Map and the Making of a Global City, 1549–1689</a>. University of Chicago Press. hlm. 76, 79. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-226-08079-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-226-08079-6">978-0-226-08079-6</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210170854/https://books.google.com/books?id%3DgiZnAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPAPA79">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-02-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=London%3A+The+Selden+Map+and+the+Making+of+a+Global+City%2C+1549%E2%80%931689&rft.pages=76%2C+79&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2014-01-06&rft.isbn=978-0-226-08079-6&rft.aulast=Batchelor&rft.aufirst=Robert+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgiZnAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPAPA79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988">  In Richard Wille's 1577 book "The History of Travalye in the West and East Indies"</li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Brown, Delmer M.; Hall, John Whitney; Jansen, Marius B.; Shively, Donald H.; Twitchett, Denis (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/A3_6lp8IOK8C">The Cambridge History of Japan: Volume 1</a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. hlm. 275. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-521-22352-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-521-22352-2">978-0-521-22352-2</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129085141/https://www.google.com/books/edition/_/A3_6lp8IOK8C">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-29. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Japan%3A+Volume+1&rft.pages=275&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-521-22352-2&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Delmer+M.&rft.au=Hall%2C+John+Whitney&rft.au=Jansen%2C+Marius+B.&rft.au=Shively%2C+Donald+H.&rft.au=Twitchett%2C+Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2F_%2FA3_6lp8IOK8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Delmer M. Brown (ed.), ed. (1993). The Cambridge History of Japan. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 140–149.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Japan&rft.pages=140-149&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: editors list (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Teks_tambahan:_editors_list?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Teks tambahan: editors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite class="citation book">William Gerald Beasley (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://books.google.com/books?visbn%3D0520225600%26id%3D9AivK7yMICgC%26pg%3DPA42%26lpg%3DPA42%26dq%3DSoga%2BBuddhism%2Bintitle:History%2Bintitle:of%2Bintitle:Japan%26sig%3DV65JQ4OzTFCopEoFVb8DWh5BD4Q%23PPA42,M1">The Japanese Experience: A Short History of Japan</a>. University of California Press. hlm. 42. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0520225600?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0520225600">0520225600</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120413093004/http://books.google.com/books?visbn%3D0520225600%26id%3D9AivK7yMICgC%26pg%3DPA42%26lpg%3DPA42%26dq%3DSoga%2BBuddhism%2Bintitle:History%2Bintitle:of%2Bintitle:Japan%26sig%3DV65JQ4OzTFCopEoFVb8DWh5BD4Q%23PPA42,M1">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-04-13. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Japanese+Experience%3A+A+Short+History+of+Japan&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0520225600&rft.au=William+Gerald+Beasley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fvisbn%3D0520225600%26id%3D9AivK7yMICgC%26pg%3DPA42%26lpg%3DPA42%26dq%3DSoga%2BBuddhism%2Bintitle%3AHistory%2Bintitle%3Aof%2Bintitle%3AJapan%26sig%3DV65JQ4OzTFCopEoFVb8DWh5BD4Q%23PPA42%2CM1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Conrad Totman (2002). A History of Japan. Blackwell. hlm. 64–79. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1405123594?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1405123594">978-1405123594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan&rft.pages=64-79&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1405123594&rft.au=Conrad+Totman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Conrad Totman (2002). A History of Japan. Blackwell. hlm. 122–123. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1405123594?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1405123594">978-1405123594</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan&rft.pages=122-123&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1405123594&rft.au=Conrad+Totman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=George_Sansom&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="George Sansom (halaman belum tersedia)">George Sansom</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans">A History of Japan: 1334–1615</a>. Stanford. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans/page/42">42</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8047-0525-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8047-0525-9">0-8047-0525-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan%3A+1334%E2%80%931615&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Stanford&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=0-8047-0525-9&rft.au=George+Sansom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofjapan00sans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=George_Sansom&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="George Sansom (halaman belum tersedia)">George Sansom</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans">A History of Japan: 1334–1615</a>. Stanford. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapan00sans/page/217">217</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-8047-0525-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-8047-0525-9">0-8047-0525-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan%3A+1334%E2%80%931615&rft.pages=217&rft.pub=Stanford&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=0-8047-0525-9&rft.au=George+Sansom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofjapan00sans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Turnbull_(historian)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Stephen Turnbull (historian) (halaman belum tersedia)">Stephen Turnbull</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/samuraiinvasionj0000turn">Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War</a>. Cassel. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/samuraiinvasionj0000turn/page/227">227</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0304359486?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0304359486">978-0304359486</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samurai+Invasion%3A+Japan%27s+Korean+War&rft.pages=227&rft.pub=Cassel&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0304359486&rft.au=Stephen+Turnbull&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsamuraiinvasionj0000turn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Hooker, Richard (1999-07-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060828004748/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/KOKUGAKU.HTM">"Japan Glossary; Kokugaku"</a>. Washington State University. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/GLOSSARY/KOKUGAKU.HTM">versi asli</a> tanggal 2006-08-28. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan+Glossary%3B+Kokugaku&rft.pub=Washington+State+University&rft.date=1999-07-14&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsu.edu%2F~dee%2FGLOSSARY%2FKOKUGAKU.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Jesse Arnold. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070409113749/http://filebox.vt.edu/users/jearnol2/MeijiRestoration/imperial_japan.htm">"Japan: The Making of a World Superpower (Imperial Japan)"</a>. vt.edu/users/jearnol2. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://filebox.vt.edu/users/jearnol2/MeijiRestoration/imperial_japan.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-04-09. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%3A+The+Making+of+a+World+Superpower+%28Imperial+Japan%29&rft.pub=vt.edu%2Fusers%2Fjearnol2&rft.au=Jesse+Arnold&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilebox.vt.edu%2Fusers%2Fjearnol2%2FMeijiRestoration%2Fimperial_japan.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Kelley L. Ross. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.friesian.com/pearl.htm">"The Pearl Harbor Strike Force"</a>. friesian.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224144116/http://www.friesian.com/pearl.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-24. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Pearl+Harbor+Strike+Force&rft.pub=friesian.com&rft.au=Kelley+L.+Ross&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.friesian.com%2Fpearl.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Roland H. Worth, Jr. (1995). No Choice But War: the United States Embargo Against Japan and the Eruption of War in the Pacific. McFarland. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7864-0141-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7864-0141-9">0-7864-0141-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Choice+But+War%3A+the+United+States+Embargo+Against+Japan+and+the+Eruption+of+War+in+the+Pacific&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-7864-0141-9&rft.au=Roland+H.+Worth%2C+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061231090453/http://library.educationworld.net/txt15/surrend1.html">"Japanese Instrument of Surrender"</a>. educationworld.net. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://library.educationworld.net/txt15/surrend1.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2006-12-31. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japanese+Instrument+of+Surrender&rft.pub=educationworld.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.educationworld.net%2Ftxt15%2Fsurrend1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/WATWHC.html">When Empire Comes Home: Repatriation and Reintegration in Postwar Japan by Lori Watt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304030637/http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/WATWHC.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-03-04 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Harvard University Press</li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Joseph Coleman (2006-03-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20070306f3.html">"'52 coup plot bid to rearm Japan: CIA"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Japan_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.today/20120717182855/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20070306f3.html%2523.UAWu3Kgo9Rw">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-17. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%2752+coup+plot+bid+to+rearm+Japan%3A+CIA&rft.pub=The+Japan+Times&rft.date=2006-03-06&rft.au=Joseph+Coleman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearch.japantimes.co.jp%2Fcgi-bin%2Fnn20070306f3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kobayashi-33">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-kobayashi_33-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-kobayashi_33-1">b</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-kobayashi_33-2">c</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-kobayashi_33-3">d</a> <cite class="citation book">Kobayashi, Kayo (2005). 日本の経済: Japanese Economy, The. 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Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia. 2006. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761566679/Japan.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2008-12-16. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Japan%22&rft.pub=Microsoft+Encarta+Online+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencarta.msn.com%2Fencyclopedia_761566679%2FJapan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.worldinfozone.com/country.php?country%3DJapan">"Japan Information—Page 1"</a>. 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Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/north_asia/japan_tec.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-02-04. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tectonics+and+Volcanoes+of+Japan&rft.pub=Oregon+State+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvolcano.und.edu%2Fvwdocs%2Fvolc_images%2Fnorth_asia%2Fjapan_tec.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/attractions/hotSprings.html">"Attractions: Hot Springs"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=JNTO&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="JNTO (halaman belum tersedia)">JNTO</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302125527/http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/attractions/hotSprings.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-03-02. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Attractions%3A+Hot+Springs&rft.pub=JNTO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnto.go.jp%2Feng%2Farrange%2Fattractions%2FhotSprings.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-climate-39">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-climate_39-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-climate_39-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/essential/climate.html">"Essential Info: Climate"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=JNTO&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="JNTO (halaman belum tersedia)">JNTO</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218041449/http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/arrange/essential/climate.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-02-18. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Essential+Info%3A+Climate&rft.pub=JNTO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jnto.go.jp%2Feng%2Farrange%2Fessential%2Fclimate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-40">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818051003/http://www.japannewsreview.com/society/national/20070816page_id%3D1553">"Gifu Prefecture sees highest temperature ever recorded in Japan - 40.9"</a>. Japan News Review Society. 2007-08-16. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.japannewsreview.com/society/national/20070816page_id%3D1553">versi asli</a> tanggal 2016-08-18. Diakses tanggal 2007-08-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gifu+Prefecture+sees+highest+temperature+ever+recorded+in+Japan+-+40.9&rft.pub=Japan+News+Review+Society&rft.date=2007-08-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japannewsreview.com%2Fsociety%2Fnational%2F20070816page_id%3D1553&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Constitution-41"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Constitution_41-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070317203812/http://www.sangiin.go.jp/eng/law/index.htm">"The Constitution of Japan"</a>. House of Councillors of the National Diet of Japan. 1946-11-03. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sangiin.go.jp/eng/law/index.htm">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-03-17. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Constitution+of+Japan&rft.pub=House+of+Councillors+of+the+National+Diet+of+Japan&rft.date=1946-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sangiin.go.jp%2Feng%2Flaw%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-42">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017034917/http://www.jimin.jp/jimin/english/history/index.html">"A History of the Liberal Democratic Party"</a>. Liberal Democratic Party of Japan. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jimin.jp/jimin/english/history/index.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-10-17. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Liberal+Democratic+Party&rft.pub=Liberal+Democratic+Party+of+Japan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jimin.jp%2Fjimin%2Fenglish%2Fhistory%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-naikaku-43"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-naikaku_43-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM%23s5">http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM#s5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313115101/http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM%23s5">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-03-13 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Konstitusi Jepang Bab 5, Kabinet (第５章　内閣)</li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-44">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM%23s1">http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM#s1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313115101/http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM%23s1">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-03-13 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Konstitusi Jepang Bab 1 Pasal 6, Kaisar (第１章　天皇)</li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-45">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM%23s1">http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM#s1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313115101/http://www.houko.com/00/01/S21/000.HTM%23s1">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-03-13 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Konstitusi Jepang Bab 1 7 Butir 5, Kaisar (第１章　天皇)</li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-46">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Michael Green. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2007/03/japan_is_back_why_tokyos_new_a.html">"Japan Is Back: Why Tokyo's New Assertiveness Is Good for Washington"</a>. Real Clear Politics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110501110152/http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2007/03/japan_is_back_why_tokyos_new_a.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-05-01. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan+Is+Back%3A+Why+Tokyo%27s+New+Assertiveness+Is+Good+for+Washington&rft.pub=Real+Clear+Politics&rft.au=Michael+Green&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.realclearpolitics.com%2Farticles%2F2007%2F03%2Fjapan_is_back_why_tokyos_new_a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-47">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.un.org/sc/searchres_sc_members_english.asp?sc_members%3D191">"Japan: non-permanent member of the Security Council"</a>. United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216073729/http://www.un.org/sc/searchres_sc_members_english.asp?sc_members%3D191">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-16. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%3A+non-permanent+member+of+the+Security+Council&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fsc%2Fsearchres_sc_members_english.asp%3Fsc_members%3D191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-48">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Nile Gardiner, Ph.D. and Brett D. Schaefer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.heritage.org/research/internationalorganizations/bg1876.cfm">"U.N. Security Council Expansion Is Not in the U.S. Interest"</a>. Heritage Foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080918224044/http://www.heritage.org/research/internationalorganizations/bg1876.cfm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-09-18. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.N.+Security+Council+Expansion+Is+Not+in+the+U.S.+Interest&rft.pub=Heritage+Foundation&rft.au=Nile+Gardiner%2C+Ph.D.+and+Brett+D.+Schaefer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.org%2Fresearch%2Finternationalorganizations%2Fbg1876.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-49">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/australia/joint0703.html">"MOFA: Japan-Australia Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation"</a>. www.mofa.go.jp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414142800/https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/australia/joint0703.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-14. Diakses tanggal 2020-04-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.go.jp&rft.atitle=MOFA%3A+Japan-Australia+Joint+Declaration+on+Security+Cooperation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fregion%2Fasia-paci%2Faustralia%2Fjoint0703.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/india/pmv0810/joint_d.html">"MOFA: Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation between Japan and India (October 22, 2008)"</a>. www.mofa.go.jp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414122022/https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/india/pmv0810/joint_d.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-14. Diakses tanggal 2020-04-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.go.jp&rft.atitle=MOFA%3A+Joint+Declaration+on+Security+Cooperation+between+Japan+and+India+%28October+22%2C+2008%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fregion%2Fasia-paci%2Findia%2Fpmv0810%2Fjoint_d.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/document/8/0,3343,en_2649_33721_40381960_1_1_1_1,00.html">"Debt Relief is down: Other ODA rises slightly"</a>. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919001022/http://www.oecd.org/document/8/0,3343,en_2649_33721_40381960_1_1_1_1,00.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-09-19. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Debt+Relief+is+down%3A+Other+ODA+rises+slightly&rft.pub=Organisation+for+Economic+Co-Operation+and+Development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fdocument%2F8%2F0%2C3343%2Cen_2649_33721_40381960_1_1_1_1%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-52">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.id.emb-japan.go.jp/oda/id/whatisoda_02.htm">"Sejarah Bantuan ODA Jepang di Indonesia"</a>. Situs Bantuan ODA Jepang di Indonesia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100112155052/http://www.id.emb-japan.go.jp/oda/id/whatisoda_02.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2010-01-12. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sejarah+Bantuan+ODA+Jepang+di+Indonesia&rft.pub=Situs+Bantuan+ODA+Jepang+di+Indonesia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.id.emb-japan.go.jp%2Foda%2Fid%2Fwhatisoda_02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4797701.stm">"Japan's island row with Russia"</a>. BBC News. 2006-08-16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221220438/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4797701.stm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-21. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+island+row+with+Russia&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2006-08-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fasia-pacific%2F4797701.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4925258.stm">"Seoul and Tokyo hold island talks"</a>. BBC News. 2006-04-20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061130180816/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4925258.stm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2006-11-30. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seoul+and+Tokyo+hold+island+talks&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2006-04-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fasia-pacific%2F4925258.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/senkaku/senkaku.html">"The Basic View on the Sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Basic+View+on+the+Sovereignty+over+the+Senkaku+Islands&rft.pub=Kementerian+Luar+Negeri+Jepang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fregion%2Fasia-paci%2Fsenkaku%2Fsenkaku.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html">"The Constitution of Japan"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214104438/http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2013-12-14. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Constitution+of+Japan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kantei.go.jp%2Fforeign%2Fconstitution_and_government_of_japan%2Fconstitution_e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-57">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Kosechi, Soseki. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sadanet.or.id/ind/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D49%26Itemid%3D65">"Mengkaji Kembali Revisi Konstitusi Jepang"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112092746/http://www.sadanet.or.id/ind/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D49%26Itemid%3D65">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-01-12. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mengkaji+Kembali+Revisi+Konstitusi+Jepang&rft.aulast=Kosechi&rft.aufirst=Soseki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sadanet.or.id%2Find%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D49%26Itemid%3D65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1991/1991-2-3.htm">"Section 3. Japan's Response to the Post-Gulf Crisis Problems"</a>. Diplomatic Bluebook 1991: Japan's Diplomatic Activities. 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Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diplomatic+Bluebook+1991%3A+Japan%27s+Diplomatic+Activities&rft.atitle=Section+3.+Japan%27s+Response+to+the+Post-Gulf+Crisis+Problems&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fpolicy%2Fother%2Fbluebook%2F1991%2F1991-2-3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mod.go.jp-59">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mod.go.jp_59-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-mod.go.jp_59-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mod.go.jp/j/news/2009/02/10b.html">"航空自衛隊イラク復興支援派遣撤収業務隊による撤収業務の終結に関する命令の発出について"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kementerian_Pertahanan_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)">Kementerian Pertahanan</a>. 2009-02-10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012003125/http://www.mod.go.jp/j/news/2009/02/10b.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-10-12. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%87%AA%E8%A1%9B%E9%9A%8A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E6%94%AF%E6%8F%B4%E6%B4%BE%E9%81%A3%E6%92%A4%E5%8F%8E%E6%A5%AD%E5%8B%99%E9%9A%8A%E3%81%AB%E3%82%88%E3%82%8B%E6%92%A4%E5%8F%8E%E6%A5%AD%E5%8B%99%E3%81%AE%E7%B5%82%E7%B5%90%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E3%81%AE%E7%99%BA%E5%87%BA%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6&rft.pub=Kementerian+Pertahanan&rft.date=2009-02-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mod.go.jp%2Fj%2Fnews%2F2009%2F02%2F10b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.pko.go.jp/PKO_E/result/cambo_e.html">"Japan's Participation in UN Peacekeeping Operations: International Peace Cooperation Assignment in Cambodia"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Participation+in+UN+Peacekeeping+Operations%3A+International+Peace+Cooperation+Assignment+in+Cambodia&rft.pub=Secretariat+of+the+International+Peace+Cooperation+Headquarters%2C+Cabinet+Office&rft.date=2009-02-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pko.go.jp%2FPKO_E%2Fresult%2Fcambo_e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> [<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati">pranala nonaktif permanen</a>]</li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-61">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/koizumiphoto/2003/12/24komaki_e.html">"Prime Minister Encourages Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) to be Dispatched to Iraq"</a>. Kantor Perdana Menteri Jepang. 2003-12-24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310092854/http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/koizumiphoto/2003/12/24komaki_e.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-03-10. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prime+Minister+Encourages+Japan+Air+Self-Defense+Force+%28JASDF%29+to+be+Dispatched+to+Iraq&rft.pub=Kantor+Perdana+Menteri+Jepang&rft.date=2003-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kantei.go.jp%2Fforeign%2Fkoizumiphoto%2F2003%2F12%2F24komaki_e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-62">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mod.go.jp/j/sankou/jinji/2009/02/16.pdf">"2009年2月16日付防衛省人事発令"</a> (PDF). <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kementerian_Pertahanan_(Jepang)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kementerian Pertahanan (Jepang)">Kementerian Pertahanan</a>. 2009-02-16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308010758/http://www.mod.go.jp/j/sankou/jinji/2009/02/16.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2012-03-08. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2009%E5%B9%B42%E6%9C%8816%E6%97%A5%E4%BB%98%E9%98%B2%E8%A1%9B%E7%9C%81%E4%BA%BA%E4%BA%8B%E7%99%BA%E4%BB%A4&rft.pub=Kementerian+Pertahanan&rft.date=2009-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mod.go.jp%2Fj%2Fsankou%2Fjinji%2F2009%2F02%2F16.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-63">^</a> <cite class="citation book">McCargo, Duncan (2000). Contemporary Japan. Macmillan. hlm. 84–85. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0333710002?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0333710002">0333710002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Japan&rft.pages=84-85&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0333710002&rft.aulast=McCargo&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-64">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Mabuchi, Masaru (May 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://siteresources.worldbank.org/WBI/Resources/wbi37175.pdf">"Municipal Amalgamation in Japan"</a> (PDF). World Bank. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106103204/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/WBI/Resources/wbi37175.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2015-11-06. Diakses tanggal December 28, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Municipal+Amalgamation+in+Japan&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft.date=2001-05&rft.aulast=Mabuchi&rft.aufirst=Masaru&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsiteresources.worldbank.org%2FWBI%2FResources%2Fwbi37175.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-patterns-65">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-patterns_65-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-patterns_65-1">b</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-patterns_65-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-7176.html">"Japan: Patterns of Development"</a>. country-data.com. 1994. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061203045050/http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-7176.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2006-12-03. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%3A+Patterns+of+Development&rft.pub=country-data.com&rft.date=1994&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.country-data.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr-7176.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-ciaecon-66">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciaecon_66-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciaecon_66-1">b</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciaecon_66-2">c</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciaecon_66-3">d</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html%23Econ">"World Factbook; Japan—Economy"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CIA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>. 2006-12-19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225073556/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html%23Econ">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Factbook%3B+Japan%E2%80%94Economy&rft.pub=CIA&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fja.html%23Econ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf-67">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-imf_67-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-imf_67-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2006/02/data/weorept.aspx?sy%3D2005%26ey%3D2005%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D512%252C446%252C914%252C666%252C612%252C668%252C614%252C672%252C311%252C946%252C213%252C137%252C911%252C962%252C193%252C674%252C122%252C676%252C912%252C548%252C313%252C556%252C419%252C678%252C513%252C181%252C316%252C682%252C913%252C684%252C124%252C273%252C339%252C921%252C638%252C948%252C514%252C686%252C218%252C688%252C963%252C518%252C616%252C728%252C223%252C558%252C516%252C138%252C918%252C353%252C748%252C196%252C618%252C278%252C522%252C692%252C622%252C694%252C156%252C142%252C624%252C449%252C626%252C564%252C628%252C283%252C228%252C853%252C924%252C288%252C233%252C293%252C632%252C566%252C636%252C964%252C634%252C182%252C238%252C453%252C662%252C968%252C960%252C922%252C423%252C714%252C935%252C862%252C128%252C716%252C611%252C456%252C321%252C722%252C243%252C965%252C248%252C718%252C469%252C724%252C253%252C576%252C642%252C936%252C643%252C961%252C939%252C813%252C644%252C199%252C819%252C184%252C172%252C524%252C132%252C361%252C646%252C362%252C648%252C364%252C915%252C732%252C134%252C366%252C652%252C734%252C174%252C144%252C328%252C146%252C258%252C463%252C656%252C528%252C654%252C923%252C336%252C738%252C263%252C578%252C268%252C537%252C532%252C742%252C944%252C866%252C176%252C369%252C534%252C744%252C536%252C186%252C429%252C925%252C178%252C746%252C436%252C926%252C136%252C466%252C343%252C112%252C158%252C111%252C439%252C298%252C916%252C927%252C664%252C846%252C826%252C299%252C542%252C582%252C443%252C474%252C917%252C754%252C544%252C698%252C941%26s%3DNGDPD%26grp%3D0%26a%3D%26pr1.x%3D64%26pr1.y%3D9">"World Economic Outlook Database; country comparisons"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/IMF?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>. 2006-09-01. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604175739/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2006/02/data/weorept.aspx?sy%3D2005%26ey%3D2005%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D512%252C446%252C914%252C666%252C612%252C668%252C614%252C672%252C311%252C946%252C213%252C137%252C911%252C962%252C193%252C674%252C122%252C676%252C912%252C548%252C313%252C556%252C419%252C678%252C513%252C181%252C316%252C682%252C913%252C684%252C124%252C273%252C339%252C921%252C638%252C948%252C514%252C686%252C218%252C688%252C963%252C518%252C616%252C728%252C223%252C558%252C516%252C138%252C918%252C353%252C748%252C196%252C618%252C278%252C522%252C692%252C622%252C694%252C156%252C142%252C624%252C449%252C626%252C564%252C628%252C283%252C228%252C853%252C924%252C288%252C233%252C293%252C632%252C566%252C636%252C964%252C634%252C182%252C238%252C453%252C662%252C968%252C960%252C922%252C423%252C714%252C935%252C862%252C128%252C716%252C611%252C456%252C321%252C722%252C243%252C965%252C248%252C718%252C469%252C724%252C253%252C576%252C642%252C936%252C643%252C961%252C939%252C813%252C644%252C199%252C819%252C184%252C172%252C524%252C132%252C361%252C646%252C362%252C648%252C364%252C915%252C732%252C134%252C366%252C652%252C734%252C174%252C144%252C328%252C146%252C258%252C463%252C656%252C528%252C654%252C923%252C336%252C738%252C263%252C578%252C268%252C537%252C532%252C742%252C944%252C866%252C176%252C369%252C534%252C744%252C536%252C186%252C429%252C925%252C178%252C746%252C436%252C926%252C136%252C466%252C343%252C112%252C158%252C111%252C439%252C298%252C916%252C927%252C664%252C846%252C826%252C299%252C542%252C582%252C443%252C474%252C917%252C754%252C544%252C698%252C941%26s%3DNGDPD%26grp%3D0%26a%3D%26pr1.x%3D64%26pr1.y%3D9">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-06-04. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%3B+country+comparisons&rft.pub=IMF&rft.date=2006-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2006%2F02%2Fdata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fsy%3D2005%26ey%3D2005%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D512%252C446%252C914%252C666%252C612%252C668%252C614%252C672%252C311%252C946%252C213%252C137%252C911%252C962%252C193%252C674%252C122%252C676%252C912%252C548%252C313%252C556%252C419%252C678%252C513%252C181%252C316%252C682%252C913%252C684%252C124%252C273%252C339%252C921%252C638%252C948%252C514%252C686%252C218%252C688%252C963%252C518%252C616%252C728%252C223%252C558%252C516%252C138%252C918%252C353%252C748%252C196%252C618%252C278%252C522%252C692%252C622%252C694%252C156%252C142%252C624%252C449%252C626%252C564%252C628%252C283%252C228%252C853%252C924%252C288%252C233%252C293%252C632%252C566%252C636%252C964%252C634%252C182%252C238%252C453%252C662%252C968%252C960%252C922%252C423%252C714%252C935%252C862%252C128%252C716%252C611%252C456%252C321%252C722%252C243%252C965%252C248%252C718%252C469%252C724%252C253%252C576%252C642%252C936%252C643%252C961%252C939%252C813%252C644%252C199%252C819%252C184%252C172%252C524%252C132%252C361%252C646%252C362%252C648%252C364%252C915%252C732%252C134%252C366%252C652%252C734%252C174%252C144%252C328%252C146%252C258%252C463%252C656%252C528%252C654%252C923%252C336%252C738%252C263%252C578%252C268%252C537%252C532%252C742%252C944%252C866%252C176%252C369%252C534%252C744%252C536%252C186%252C429%252C925%252C178%252C746%252C436%252C926%252C136%252C466%252C343%252C112%252C158%252C111%252C439%252C298%252C916%252C927%252C664%252C846%252C826%252C299%252C542%252C582%252C443%252C474%252C917%252C754%252C544%252C698%252C941%26s%3DNGDPD%26grp%3D0%26a%3D%26pr1.x%3D64%26pr1.y%3D9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-68">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/eco_gdp_ppp-economy-gdp-ppp">"NationMaster; Economy Statistics"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=NationMaster&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="NationMaster (halaman belum tersedia)">NationMaster</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314015241/http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/eco_gdp_ppp-economy-gdp-ppp">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-03-14. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NationMaster%3B+Economy+Statistics&rft.pub=NationMaster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationmaster.com%2Fgraph%2Feco_gdp_ppp-economy-gdp-ppp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-69">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c06cont.htm">er 6 Manufacturing and Construction</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113145845/http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c06cont.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-11-13 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Statistical Handbook of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications</li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-70">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032804/http://www.prcdc.org/summaries/japan/japan.html">"Salinan arsip"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.prcdc.org/summaries/japan/japan.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-09-27. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Salinan+arsip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prcdc.org%2Fsummaries%2Fjapan%2Fjapan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-71">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/">"Groningen Growth and Development Centre"</a>. University of Groningen. 27 Jul 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410163107/https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-10. Diakses tanggal 2020-04-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Groningen&rft.atitle=Groningen+Growth+and+Development+Centre&rft.date=2016-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rug.nl%2Fggdc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-72">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://media.ft.com/cms/38123b92-41ea-11dd-a5e8-0000779fd2ac.pdf">Japan 500 2008</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211113018/http://media.ft.com/cms/38123b92-41ea-11dd-a5e8-0000779fd2ac.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-02-11 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Financial_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> Diakses pada 8 Maret 2009]</li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-73">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/18/06f2000_The-Forbes-2000_Rank.html">"The Forbes 2000 - Forbes.com"</a>. www.forbes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829035435/https://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/18/06f2000_The-Forbes-2000_Rank.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-08-29. Diakses tanggal 2020-04-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.forbes.com&rft.atitle=The+Forbes+2000+-+Forbes.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Flists%2F2006%2F18%2F06f2000_The-Forbes-2000_Rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-74">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nyse.com/events/1170156816059.html">Market data.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011121725/http://www.nyse.com/events/1170156816059.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-10-11 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. New York Stock Exchange (2006-01-31). Diakses pada 2007-08-11.</li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-75">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id%3D7193984">"Japan's Economy: Free at last"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Economist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>. 2006-07-20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011224944/http://economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id%3D7193984">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-10-11. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Economy%3A+Free+at+last&rft.pub=The+Economist&rft.date=2006-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2FdisplayStory.cfm%3Fstory_id%3D7193984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-76">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/research-review/021.html">"The State and Change in the "Lifetime Employment" in Japan: From the End of War Through 1995"</a>. Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI). November 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613124830/http://www.rieti.go.jp/en/papers/research-review/021.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-06-13. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+State+and+Change+in+the+%22Lifetime+Employment%22+in+Japan%3A+From+the+End+of+War+Through+1995&rft.pub=Research+Institute+of+Economy%2C+Trade+and+Industry+%28RIETI%29&rft.date=2004-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rieti.go.jp%2Fen%2Fpapers%2Fresearch-review%2F021.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-77">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.exbuzzwords.com/static/keyword_3430.html">"Life-time Employment (終身雇用)"</a>. exBuzzWords. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070207031928/http://www.exbuzzwords.com/static/keyword_3430.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2007-02-07. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Life-time+Employment+%28%E7%B5%82%E8%BA%AB%E9%9B%87%E7%94%A8%29&rft.pub=exBuzzWords&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exbuzzwords.com%2Fstatic%2Fkeyword_3430.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|firstname=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|lastname=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-78">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.economist.com/special-report/2007/12/01/going-hybrid">"Going hybrid"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930001908/https://www.economist.com/special-report/2007/12/01/going-hybrid">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2020-09-30. Diakses tanggal 2020-04-14 – via The Economist.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Going+hybrid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fspecial-report%2F2007%2F12%2F01%2Fgoing-hybrid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-79">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id%3D9414552">Activist shareholders swarm in Japan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202173314/http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id%3D9414552">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-02-02 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., The Economist</li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-80">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.heritage.org/Index/country.cfm?id%3DJapan">Japan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219014629/http://www.heritage.org/Index/country.cfm?id%3DJapan">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-12-19 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Index_of_Economic_Freedom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Economic Freedom">Index of Economic Freedom</a></li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-81">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.fao.org/newsroom/common/ecg/1000850/en/fishtradefacts08b.pdf">"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2006"</a> (PDF). FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department FAO. 2007. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-92-5-105568-7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-92-5-105568-7">978-92-5-105568-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090220055730/http://www.fao.org/newsroom/common/ecg/1000850/en/fishtradefacts08b.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-20. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+2006&rft.pub=FAO+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+Department+FAO&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-92-5-105568-7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fnewsroom%2Fcommon%2Fecg%2F1000850%2Fen%2Ffishtradefacts08b.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-82">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20130518071948/ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/a0699e/a0699e.pdf">"Yearbooks of Fishery Statistics: World fisheries production, by capture and aquaculture, by country (2006)"</a> (PDF). Fisheries and Aquaculture Department FAO. 2006. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/a0699e/a0699e.pdf">versi asli</a> (PDF) tanggal 2013-05-18. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yearbooks+of+Fishery+Statistics%3A+World+fisheries+production%2C+by+capture+and+aquaculture%2C+by+country+%282006%29&rft.pub=Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+Department+FAO&rft.date=2006&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2Ffao%2F009%2Fa0699e%2Fa0699e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/worldalmanacbook00kenp">The World Almanac and book of facts 2008</a>. World Almanac Books. 2008. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/worldalmanacbook00kenp/page/94">94</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-60057-072-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-60057-072-0">1-60057-072-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Almanac+and+book+of+facts+2008&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=World+Almanac+Books&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=1-60057-072-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldalmanacbook00kenp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-84">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stat.go.jp/data/roudou/longtime/03roudou.htm">"Employed person by occupation and sex (労働力調査長期時系列データ職業別就業者数)"</a>. Statistics Bureau, Director General for Policy Planning (Statistical Standards) 総務省統計局. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228162930/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/roudou/longtime/03roudou.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-02-28. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Employed+person+by+occupation+and+sex+%28%E5%8A%B4%E5%83%8D%E5%8A%9B%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%BB+%E9%95%B7%E6%9C%9F%E6%99%82%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF+%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E5%88%A5%E5%B0%B1%E6%A5%AD%E8%80%85%E6%95%B0%29&rft.pub=Statistics+Bureau%2C+Director+General+for+Policy+Planning+%28Statistical+Standards%29+%E7%B7%8F%E5%8B%99%E7%9C%81%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.go.jp%2Fdata%2Froudou%2Flongtime%2F03roudou.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yano_agri0.5-85"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yano_agri0.5_85-0">^</a> Zaidan Hōjin Yano Tsuneta Kinenkai, 財団法人矢野恒太記念会 (2008). p.134 Tabel 13-6 dan catatan kaki. "Definisi keluarga petani komersial (hambai nōka) adalah keluarga dengan luas tanah lebih dari 3.000 m² atau pendapatan kotor lebih dari \500.000 per tahun; definisi keluarga petani pengusaha (shugyō nōka) adalah keluarga yang berpenghasilan utama dari pertanian, dan memiliki kepala keluarga berumur di bawah 65 tahun yang bekerja di lahan pertanian lebih dari 60 hari per tahun."</li> <li id="cite_note-yano_agri1-86"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-yano_agri1_86-0">^</a> Zaidan Hōjin Yano Tsuneta Kinenkai 財団法人矢野恒太記念会 (2008) p.136 Tabel 13-8. Report of Survey on Movement of Agriculture Structure.</li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-87">^</a> Pada tahun 1990, keluarga petani komersial yang memiliki kepala keluarga berusia di atas 65 tahun mencapai 19,5%. Angka ini bertambah menjadi 32,4% pada tahun 2007. <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.maff.go.jp/toukei/geppo/g088a.xls">"Main Indicators Relating to Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (農林水産業関連主要指標（１）土地と人口　Land and population)"</a>. Kementerian Pertanian, Kehutanan, dan Perikanan Jepang (MAFF). Diakses tanggal 2009-03-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Main+Indicators+Relating+to+Agriculture%2C+Forestry+and+Fisheries+%28%E8%BE%B2%E6%9E%97%E6%B0%B4+%E7%94%A3%E6%A5%AD%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%8C%87%E6%A8%99%EF%BC%88%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%89%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E3%81%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E3%80%80Land+and+population%29&rft.pub=Kementerian+Pertanian%2C+Kehutanan%2C+dan+Perikanan+Jepang+%28MAFF%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maff.go.jp%2Ftoukei%2Fgeppo%2Fg088a.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> [<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati">pranala nonaktif permanen</a>]</li> <li id="cite_note-ciapeople-88">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciapeople_88-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ciapeople_88-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stat.go.jp/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.htm">"人口推計月報"</a>. Biro Statistik Jepang. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081221070306/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-12-21. Diakses tanggal 2009-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%A8%E8%A8%88%E6%9C%88%E5%A0%B1&rft.pub=Biro+Statistik+Jepang&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.go.jp%2Fdata%2Fjinsui%2Ftsuki%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-89">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/01/news/01iht-nurse.html">Japan-born Koreans live in limbo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430054558/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/01/news/01iht-nurse.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2011-04-30 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. The New York Times. 2 April 2005.</li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-90">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/world/asia/02japan.html">An Enclave of Brazilians Is Testing Insular Japan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430080347/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/world/asia/02japan.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2011-04-30 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. The New York Times. 1 November 2008.</li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-91">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.atimes.com/japan-econ/AJ16Dh01.html">'Home' is where the heartbreak is for Japanese-Peruvians</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106194749/http://atimes.com/japan-econ/AJ16Dh01.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2010-01-06 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Asia Times. 16 Oktober 1999.</li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-92">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/pdf/y0213014.pdf">Registered Foreigners in Japan by Nationality</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20050824195238/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/pdf/y0213014.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2005-08-24 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Stat.go.jp.</li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-93">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji78.html%23a01">"国籍Ｑ＆Ａ"</a>. 民事局. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091121164447/http://www.moj.go.jp/MINJI/minji78.html%23a01">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-11-21. Diakses tanggal 2009-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%9B%BD%E7%B1%8D%EF%BC%B1%EF%BC%86%EF%BC%A1&rft.pub=%E6%B0%91%E4%BA%8B%E5%B1%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moj.go.jp%2FMINJI%2Fminji78.html%23a01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-94">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Fogarty, Philippa (2008-06-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7437244.stm">"Recognition at last for Japan's Ainu"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BBC_News?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BBC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="BBC">BBC</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108102235/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7437244.stm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2017-11-08. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Recognition+at+last+for+Japan%27s+Ainu&rft.date=2008-06-06&rft.aulast=Fogarty&rft.aufirst=Philippa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fasia-pacific%2F7437244.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-95">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,910511,00.html">The Invisible Race</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216231723/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,910511,00.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2012-12-16 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Time. 8 Januari 1973.</li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-96">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html">"The World Factbook: Rank order—Life expectancy at birth"</a>. <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CIA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>. 2006-12-19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120024054/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2102rank.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2016-01-20. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook%3A+Rank+order%E2%80%94Life+expectancy+at+birth&rft.pub=CIA&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2102rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-handbook-97">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-handbook_97-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-handbook_97-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.stat.go.jp/English/data/handbook/c02cont.htm">"Statistical Handbook of Japan: Chapter 2—Population"</a>. Japan Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411094023/http://www.stat.go.jp/English/data/handbook/c02cont.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2008-04-11. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistical+Handbook+of+Japan%3A+Chapter+2%E2%80%94Population&rft.pub=Japan+Ministry+of+Internal+Affairs+and+Communications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.go.jp%2FEnglish%2Fdata%2Fhandbook%2Fc02cont.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ogawa-98">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Ogawa_98-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Ogawa_98-1">b</a> Ogawa, Naohiro.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/japan/socsec/ogawa.html">"Demographic Trends and Their Implications for Japan's Future"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114032721/http://www.mofa.go.jp/j_info/japan/socsec/ogawa.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2010-01-14 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Transkrip wawancara pada 7 Maret 1997. Diakses pada 14 Mei 2006.</li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-99">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Hidenori Sakanaka (2005-10-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929222250/http://jipi.gr.jp/english/message.html">"Japan Immigration Policy Institute: Director's message"</a>. Japan Immigration Policy Institute. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://jipi.gr.jp/english/message.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-09-29. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan+Immigration+Policy+Institute%3A+Director%27s+message&rft.pub=Japan+Immigration+Policy+Institute&rft.date=2005-10-05&rft.au=Hidenori+Sakanaka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjipi.gr.jp%2Fenglish%2Fmessage.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-100">^</a> French, Howard.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/24/international/asia/24JAPA.html?ei%3D5007%26en%3D53c7315175389e69%26ex%3D1374379200%26partner%3DUSERLAND%26pagewanted%3Dall%26position%3D">"Insular Japan Needs, but Resists, Immigration".</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071202153248/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/24/international/asia/24JAPA.html?ei%3D5007%26en%3D53c7315175389e69%26ex%3D1374379200%26partner%3DUSERLAND%26pagewanted%3Dall%26position%3D">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-12-02 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. "<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>" (2003-07-24). Diakses pada 2007-02-21.</li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-101">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (2006-09-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71342.htm">"International Religious Freedom Report 2006"</a>. U.S. Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123041804/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71342.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-01-23. Diakses tanggal 2007-12-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2006&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.date=2006-09-15&rft.au=Bureau+of+Democracy%2C+Human+Rights%2C+and+Labor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2006%2F71342.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Kisala-102">^ <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Kisala_102-0">a</a> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Kisala_102-1">b</a> <cite class="citation book">Kisala, Robert (2005). 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Diakses tanggal 2009-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religious+Juridical+Persons+and+Administration+of+Religious+Affairs%2C+%26%2391%3B%26%2391%3BAgency+for+Cultural+Affairs%26%2393%3B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bunka.go.jp%2Fenglish%2Fpdf%2Fchapter_10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-104">^</a> Shinsen-kokugojiten (新選国語辞典), <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dsuke_Kindaichi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kyōsuke Kindaichi">Kyōsuke Kindaichi</a>, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shogakukan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a>, 2001, <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/4095014075?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 4-09-501407-5</a></li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-105">^</a> 言語学大辞典セレクション：日本列島の言語 (Selection from the Encyclopædia of Linguistics: The Languages of the Japanese Archipelago). 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Diakses tanggal 2007-03-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=15+families+keep+ancient+language+alive+in+Japan&rft.pub=UN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fworks%2Fculture%2Fjapan_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-107">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Lucien Ellington (2005-09-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.indiana.edu/~japan/digest5.html">"Japan Digest: Japanese Education"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal 2006-04-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Japan+Digest%3A+Japanese+Education&rft.pub=Indiana+University&rft.date=2005-09-01&rft.au=Lucien+Ellington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiana.edu%2F~japan%2Fdigest5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-108">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Lucien Ellington (2003-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070405075716/http://www.fpri.org/footnotes/087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html">"Beyond the Rhetoric: Essential Questions About Japanese Education"</a>. Foreign Policy Research Institute. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.fpri.org/footnotes/087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-04-05. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beyond+the+Rhetoric%3A+Essential+Questions+About+Japanese+Education&rft.pub=Foreign+Policy+Research+Institute&rft.date=2003-12-01&rft.au=Lucien+Ellington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fpri.org%2Ffootnotes%2F087.200312.ellington.japaneseeducation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-109">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">"East Asia/Southeast Asia :: Japan—The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"</a>. www.cia.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225073556/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Diakses tanggal 2009-03-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cia.gov&rft.atitle=East+Asia%2FSoutheast+Asia+%3A%3A+Japan%E2%80%94The+World+Factbook+-+Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fja.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-110">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102112620/http://www.mext.go.jp/english/statist/05101901/005.pdf">"School Education"</a> (PDF). <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kementerian_Pendidikan,_Budaya,_Olahraga,_Sains,_dan_Teknologi_(Jepang)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kementerian Pendidikan, Budaya, Olahraga, Sains, dan Teknologi (Jepang) (halaman belum tersedia)">MEXT</a>. 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The University of Sydney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090113182728/http://www.usyd.edu.au/news/international/226.html?newsstoryid%3D1568">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-01-13. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rethinking+Japanese+education&rft.pub=The+University+of+Sydney&rft.date=2007-02-05&rft.au=Kate+Rossmanith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usyd.edu.au%2Fnews%2Finternational%2F226.html%3Fnewsstoryid%3D1568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-112">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mines-paristech.fr/Actualites/PR/EMP-ranking.html">"The World University Rankings"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.webcitation.org/5qEQh0ndo?url%3Dhttp://www.mines-paristech.fr/Actualites/PR/EMP-ranking.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2010-06-04. Diakses tanggal 2009-08-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+University+Rankings&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mines-paristech.fr%2FActualites%2FPR%2FEMP-ranking.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AJepang" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-113">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3343,en_2649_201185_39713238_1_1_1_1,00.html">OECD’s PISA survey shows some countries making significant gains in learning outcomes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091215154705/http://www.oecd.org/document/22/0,3343,en_2649_201185_39713238_1_1_1_1,00.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-12-15 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OECD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>, 04/12/2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/42/8/39700724.pdf">Range of rank on the PISA 2006 science scale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20091229020307/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/42/8/39700724.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-12-29 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <h2 id="Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">Bacaan lebih lanjut</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul> <li>Conrad Totman, 2000. 'A History of Modern Japan. Blackwell Publishers.'</li> <li>C.H. Kwan. 2001. 'Yen Bloc: Toward Economic Integration in Asia.' Brookings Institution Press.</li> <li>Bernson, Mary Hammond and Elaine Magnusson, eds. Modern Japan: An Idea Book for K-12 Teachers. Multicultural Education Resource Serial. Olympia, WA: Office of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1984. ED 252 486.</li> <li>Cogan, John J. and Donald O. Schneider, eds. Perspectives on Japan: A Guide for Teachers. Washington, DC: National Council for the Social Studies, 1983. ED 236 090.</li> <li>East Meets West: Mutual Images. Stanford, CA: California Center for Research in International Studies, l980. ED 196 765.</li> <li>Kaderabeck, Leslie. The Japanese Automobile Worker: A Microcosm of Japan's Success. 1985. ED 263 041.</li> <li>Murphy, Carole. A Step by Step Guide for Planning a Japanese Cultural Festival. 1983. ED 238 748.</li> <li>Wojtan, Linda S. Free Resources for Teaching about Japan. Bloomington, IN: Midwest Program for Teaching about Japan, Indiana University, 1986. ED 270 3891.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22254620">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:solid #aaa 1px}.mw-parser-output .portalbox.tleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalbox.tright{margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul{display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalborder>ul{padding:0.1em;background:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul>li{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul>li>span:first-child{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox>ul>li>span:last-child{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}</style> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint plainlist portalbox portalborder tright"> <ul> <li> <noscript> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 32px;height: 21px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="32" data-height="21" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/64px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portal:Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portal:Jepang">Portal Jepang </a></li> </ul> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hubungan_luar_negeri_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hubungan luar negeri Jepang">Hubungan luar negeri Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kalender_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kalender Jepang">Kalender Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Militer_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Militer Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">Militer Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Transportasi_di_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Transportasi di Jepang">Transportasi di Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_masakan_Jepang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar masakan Jepang">Daftar masakan Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_kata_serapan_dari_bahasa_Jepang_dalam_bahasa_Indonesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar kata serapan dari bahasa Jepang dalam bahasa Indonesia">Daftar kata serapan dari bahasa Jepang dalam bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daftar_wilayah_metropolitan_di_Jepang_menurut_populasi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daftar wilayah metropolitan di Jepang menurut populasi">Daftar wilayah metropolitan di Jepang menurut populasi</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2> <a role="button" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> sunting </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <table class="metadata plainlinks mbox-small" style="border:1px solid #aaa; background-color:#f9f9f9;padding:3px;"> <tbody> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td colspan="2" style="margin: auto; text-align: center;padding-bottom:5px;">Cari tahu mengenai Japan pada proyek-proyek Wikimedia lainnya:</td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Wiktionary"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/21px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="474"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 25px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/21px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="21" data-height="25" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/31px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Wiktionary-logo-id.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-id.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Japan">Definisi dan terjemahan</a> dari Wiktionary </td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Commons"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 25px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="18" data-height="25" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/37px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Japan">Gambar dan media</a> dari Commons </td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Wikinews"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/25px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="25" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/38px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/50px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Japan">Berita</a> dari Wikinews </td> </tr> <tr style="height:25px;"> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" title="Cari di Wikibuku"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 25px;height: 25px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/25px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="25" data-height="25" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/50px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Japan" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Japan">Buku</a> dari Wikibuku </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <dl> <dt> Pemerintah </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319120122/http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/index-e.html">Kantei.go.jp</a>, situs resmi Perdana Menteri Jepang dan Kabinetnya</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/eindex.html">Kunaicho.go.jp</a>,</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ndl.go.jp/en/index.html">National Diet Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/index.html">Public Relations Office</a></li> </ul> <dl> <dt> Wisata </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/">Japan National Tourist Organization</a></li> <li> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  Panduan perjalanan <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/wy/id/Jepang" class="extiw" title="incubator:wy/id/Jepang">Jepang</a> di Wikiwisata</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> Informasi Umum </dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html">Jepang</a> di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/japan.htm">Jepang</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20090421051351/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/japan.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2009-04-21 di <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. dari UCB Libraries GovPubs</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://curlie.org/Regional/Asia/Japan">Jepang</a> di Curlie (dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DMOZ?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="DMOZ">DMOZ</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14918801">Jepang</a> dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/BBC_News?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm?fips%3DJA">Jepang</a> dari US <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Energy_Information_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Energy Information Administration (halaman belum tersedia)">Energy Information Administration</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.oecd.org/japan/">Jepang</a> dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country%3DJP">Prakiraan Pengembangan Jepang</a> dari <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=International_Futures&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="International Futures (halaman belum tersedia)">International Futures</a></li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DJepang%26oldid%3D26500691">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jepang&oldid=26500691</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jepang&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Terakhir diubah pada 7 November 2024, pukul 07.08 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Bahasa</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B0" title="Иапониа – Abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Иапониа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeupang" title="Jeupang – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Jeupang" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5" title="Японие – Adygei" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Японие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adygei" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2588%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Јопон – Altai Selatan" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Јопон" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Altai Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Алтай тил</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258C%2583%25E1%258D%2593%25E1%258A%2595" title="ጃፓን – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጃፓን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripon" title="Ripon – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Ripon" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chap%25C3%25B3n" title="Chapón – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chapón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapan" title="Iapan – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Iapan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="اليابان – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اليابان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%259D%25DC%25A6%25DC%25A2" title="ܝܦܢ – Aram" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܦܢ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aram" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="الجاپون – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="الجاپون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="اليابان – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليابان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8" title="জাপান – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xap%25C3%25B3n" title="Xapón – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xapón" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target">Atikamekw</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipona" title="Nipona – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Nipona" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihun" title="Nihun – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Nihun" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2598%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="ژاپون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ژاپون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japuon%25C4%2597j%25C4%2597" title="Japuonėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Japuonėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Toba</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipun" title="Gipun – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Gipun" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bajau Sama</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Японія – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Японія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2581%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2591%25E1%2580%25AE" title="ဂျပန်ခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဂျပန်ခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8" title="জাপান – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2589%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A7%25E0%25BD%25BC%25E0%25BD%2584%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ཉི་ཧོང་། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཉི་ཧོང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8" title="জাপান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="জাপান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25A8%258D%25E1%25A8%259B%25E1%25A8%2584%25CC%258C" title="ᨍᨛᨄ̌ – Bugis" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨍᨛᨄ̌" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25A3%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581" title="Япон Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Япон Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B3" title="Japó – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Japó" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B3n" title="Japón – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C4%25ADk-bu%25C5%258Dng" title="Nĭk-buōng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nĭk-buōng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2598%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B9%25D1%2587%25D0%25BE%25D1%258C" title="Ипнойчоь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ипнойчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapan" title="Chapan – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Chapan" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chamoru</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258F%25A3%25E1%258F%25A9%25E1%258F%2582%25E1%258F%258F" title="ᏣᏩᏂᏏ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏣᏩᏂᏏ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2598%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25DB%2586%25D9%2586" title="ژاپۆن – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژاپۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap%25C4%2581n" title="Capān – Kree" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Capān" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="Kree" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Japonsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B2%25C5%2584sk%25C3%25B4" title="Japòńskô – Kashubia" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Japòńskô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%2599%2596%25D0%25BF%25D1%25A1%25D0%25BD%25D1%2597%25EA%2599%2597" title="Ꙗпѡнїꙗ – Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Ꙗпѡнїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8" title="Япони – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Japonya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japa%25C5%2584ska" title="Japańska – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Japańska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Jepun" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DE%2596%25DE%25A6%25DE%2595%25DE%25A7%25DE%2582%25DE%25AA" title="ޖަޕާނު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޖަޕާނު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%2587%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%2594%25E0%25BD%25B1%25E0%25BD%2593" title="ཇ་པཱན – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཇ་པཱན" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2599%25CE%25B1%25CF%2580%25CF%2589%25CE%25BD%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1" title="Ιαπωνία – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giap%25C3%25B2%25E1%25B9%2585" title="Giapòṅ – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Giapòṅ" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanio" title="Japanio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Japanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B3n" title="Japón – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B3n" title="Japón – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Japón" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2598%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D9%2586" title="ژاپن – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ژاپن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Fiji" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapan" title="Jaapan – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Jaapan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjapon" title="Gjapon – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Gjapon" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSeap%25C3%25A1in" title="An tSeapáin – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSeapáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" title="日本 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Iapan" title="An Iapan – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Iapan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xap%25C3%25B3n" title="Xapón – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xapón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%2598%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A4%25D9%2586" title="ژاپؤن – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ژاپؤن" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hap%25C3%25B5" title="Hapõ – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Hapõ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जपान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="जपान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japangi" title="Japangi – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Japangi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258C%25BE%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258D%2580%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25BD" title="𐌾𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌽 – Gotik" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌾𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotik" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%259C%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25AA%25E0%25AA%25BE%25E0%25AA%25A8" title="જાપાન – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જાપાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gungbe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_%25C3%2587hapaan" title="Yn Çhapaan – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Çhapaan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngi%25CC%258Dt-p%25C3%25BAn" title="Ngi̍t-pún – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngi̍t-pún" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%25C4%2581pana" title="Iāpana – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Iāpana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2599%25D7%25A4%25D7%259F" title="יפן – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanska" title="Japanska – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Japanska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25A1n" title="Japán – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Japán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2583%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BA%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1" title="Ճապոնիա – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ճապոնիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2583%25D5%25A1%25D6%2583%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B6" title="Ճափոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ճափոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jipun" title="Jipun – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jipun" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-igl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://igl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Igala" lang="igl" hreflang="igl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Igala" data-language-local-name="Igala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igala</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nippan" title="Nippan – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nippan" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8" title="Япони – Ingushetia" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingushetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2594%25AD%25E1%2590%25B9%25E1%2593%2590" title="ᔭᐹᓐ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᔭᐹᓐ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" title="日本 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/pongu%2527e" title="pongu'e – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="pongu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590" title="იაპონია – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იაპონია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapan" title="Yapan – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Yapan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Япон – Kabardi" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sap%25C9%2594%25C5%258B" title="Sapɔŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sapɔŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ja%25CC%25B1pan" title="Ja̱pan – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ja̱pan" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jopang" title="Jopang – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jopang" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Жапония – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жапония" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%2587%25E1%259E%2594%25E1%259F%2589%25E1%259E%25BB%25E1%259E%2593" title="ជប៉ុន – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ជប៉ុន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಜಪಾನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜಪಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%259D%25BC%25EB%25B3%25B8" title="일본 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일본" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Ниппон – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ниппон" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Джапония – Karachai Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Джапония" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachai Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جاپان – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Dialek Kolsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Dialek Kolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihon" title="Nihon – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Nihon" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2596%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Жапония – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жапония" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaponia" title="Iaponia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iaponia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nion" title="Nion – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Nion" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappon" title="Giappon – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Giappon" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapan" title="Iapan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Iapan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapon" title="Giapon – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Giapon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap%25C9%2594%25CC%2581" title="Zapɔ́ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zapɔ́" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%259B%25E0%25BA%25B0%25E0%25BB%2580%25E0%25BA%2597%25E0%25BA%2594%25E0%25BA%258D%25E0%25BA%25B5%25E0%25BB%2588%25E0%25BA%259B%25E0%25BA%25B8%25E0%25BB%2588%25E0%25BA%2599" title="ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonija" title="Japonija – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Japonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japoneja" title="Japoneja – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Japoneja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latgaļu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C4%2581na" title="Japāna – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Japāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeppang" title="Jeppang – Madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Jeppang" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Японмастор – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Японмастор" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25A0na" title="Japàna – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Japàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9" title="Японий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Японий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipono" title="Nipono – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Nipono" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japang" title="Japang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Japang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2588%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0" title="Јапонија – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јапонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%259C%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B5%25BB" title="ജപ്പാൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജപ്പാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Япон – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%2596%25EA%25AF%2584%25EA%25AF%25A5%25EA%25AF%259F" title="ꯖꯄꯥꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯄꯥꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जपान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जपान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8" title="Япони – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Япони" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepun" title="Jepun – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jepun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C4%25A0appun" title="Ġappun – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ġappun" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25B6" title="ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျပန်နိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D1%2580" title="Япония Мастор – Eryza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Япония Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Eryza" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586" title="جاپون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="جاپون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target">Li Niha</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DF%2597%25DF%25AD%25DF%258A%25DF%2594%25DF%2590%25DF%25B2%25DF%25AB" title="ߗ߭ߊߔߐ߲߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߗ߭ߊߔߐ߲߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Ndebele Selatan" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="Ndebele Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiNdebele seSewula</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Sotho Utara" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Sotho Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin%25C3%25A1%25C3%25A1%25CA%25BC%25C3%25A1daa%25C5%2582ts%25CA%25BC%25C3%25B3z%25C3%25AD_Dine%25CA%25BC%25C3%25A9_Bik%25C3%25A9yah" title="Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Binááʼádaałtsʼózí Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japounii" title="Japounii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Japounii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaappaan" title="Jaappaan – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Jaappaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%259C%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%25AA%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%25A8" title="ଜାପାନ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜାପାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Япон – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Япон" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25AA%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A8" title="ਜਪਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਪਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Pangasina" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Pidgin Nigeria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Pidgin Nigeria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Jerman Pennsylvania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Pennsylvania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="जापान – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="जापान" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapon" title="Giapon – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Giapon" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جاپان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2599%25CE%25B1%25CF%2580%25CF%2589%25CE%25BD%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1" title="Ιαπωνία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جاپان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25A3o" title="Japão – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Japão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dripun" title="Dripun – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Dripun" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pinayuanan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihun" title="Nihun – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Nihun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapun" title="Giapun – Reto-Roman" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Giapun" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Roman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yapon" title="Yapon – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Yapon" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikirundi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Giappone" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Японія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuyapani" title="Ubuyapani – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubuyapani" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D" title="जपान् – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जपान्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D1%258C%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BF%25D1%2583%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Дьоппуон – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьоппуон" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%25A1%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25AF%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25B1" title="ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giapone" title="Giapone – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Giapone" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giappuni" title="Giappuni – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Giappuni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جاپان – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%25C3%25A1hpan" title="Jáhpan – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Jáhpan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zap%25C3%25B6o" title="Zapöo – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Zapöo" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sängö</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25B0%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2581%25B5%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2582%2583%25E1%2582%2587%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2581%25A2%25E1%2581%25BC%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2587" title="မိူင်းၵျႃႇပၢၼ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵျႃႇပၢၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25A2%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B7%258F%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B6%25BA" title="ජපානය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජපානය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Japonsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جاپان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonska" title="Japonska – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Japonska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapani" title="Iapani – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Iapani" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaapaan" title="Jaapaan – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Jaapaan" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabaan" title="Jabaan – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jabaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Japonia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2588%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD" title="Јапан – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јапан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sranantongo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJaphani" title="IJaphani – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IJaphani" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japane" title="Japane – Sotho Selatan" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Japane" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sotho Selatan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jepang" title="Jepang – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Jepang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C5%25AF%25C5%2584ijo" title="Japůńijo – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Japůńijo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipun" title="Zipun – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Zipun" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AF%258D" title="யப்பான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யப்பான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gipun" title="Gipun – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Gipun" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%259C%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಜಪಾನ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಜಪಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25A5%259B%25E1%25A5%25AB%25E1%25A5%2592%25E1%25A5%25B0_%25E1%25A5%2593%25E1%25A5%25A3%25E1%25A5%25B1_%25E1%25A5%2599%25E1%25A5%25A3%25E1%25A5%25A2%25E1%25A5%25B1" title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥓᥣᥱ ᥙᥣᥢᥱ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥓᥣᥱ ᥙᥣᥢᥱ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%259C%25E0%25B0%25AA%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%258D" title="జపాన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జపాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japaun" title="Japaun – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Japaun" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%25B6%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD" title="Ҷопон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷопон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%25A8%25E0%25B8%258D%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%259B%25E0%25B8%25B8%25E0%25B9%2588%25E0%25B8%2599" title="ประเทศญี่ปุ่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศญี่ปุ่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258C%2583%25E1%258D%2593%25E1%258A%2595" title="ጃፓን – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ጃፓን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ትግርኛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%259Daponi%25C3%25BDa" title="Ýaponiýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ýaponiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonij%25C9%2599" title="Japonijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Japonijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Setswana</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapani" title="Siapani – Tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Siapani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapan" title="Siapan – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Siapan" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya" title="Japonya – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Japonya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanah_Tunux" title="Tanah Tunux – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Tanah Tunux" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japani" title="Japani – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Japani" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C4%2581p%25C5%258Dn%25C4%2593" title="Tāpōnē – Tahiti" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Tāpōnē" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Tuvinia" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Япония – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Япония" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25D9%2589%25D9%258A%25DB%2595" title="ياپونىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ياپونىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AF%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D1%258F" title="Японія – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Японія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="جاپان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جاپان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiya" title="Yaponiya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yaponiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tshivenda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon" title="Japon – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Japon" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonii" title="Japonii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Japonii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%25E1%25BA%25ADt_B%25E1%25BA%25A3n" title="Nhật Bản – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhật Bản" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yap%25C3%25A4n" title="Yapän – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Yapän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djapon" title="Djapon – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Djapon" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hapon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapo%25C5%258B" title="Sapoŋ – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Sapoŋ" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" title="日本 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B8x%25D1%2583%25D1%2583%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%259D%25D1%2583%25D1%2582%25D0%25B3" title="Ниxуудин Нутг – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Ниxуудин Нутг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJapani" title="IJapani – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IJapani" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590" title="იაპონია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იაპონია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2599%25D7%2590%25D7%25A4%25D7%2590%25D7%259F" title="יאפאן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יאפאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyiedbonj" title="Nyiedbonj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Nyiedbonj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Japan" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%258F%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B4%25B1%25E2%25B5%2593%25E2%25B5%258F" title="ⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵏⵉⴱⵓⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" title="日本 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" title="日本 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%25CC%258Dt-p%25C3%25BAn" title="Ji̍t-pún – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ji̍t-pún" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC" title="日本 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="日本" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJaphani" title="IJaphani – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IJaphani" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 7 November 2024, pukul 07.08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Konten tersedia di bawah <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.id">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> kecuali dinyatakan lain.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places 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