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(PDF) The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure
<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="GPYhYw1ebOUiNL9MkFNL8LGsVhEy_E15nV6lV4ak6F-G2Y-4lmr8MbzyNhjLEidaMCQbpG3ucDDh14OBc1ywuQ" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2015/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Linguistics" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Marzieh Hadei" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/17251113/The_Appearance_of_Persian_English_Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_Structure" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="This study pursues an explanation for Persian-English codeswitching in terms of language typological differences. In particular, it aims to show how English verbs occur in Persian structure and identify possible constraints, which occur between" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/14183925/10524412/18699959/s200_marzieh.hadei.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/17251113/The_Appearance_of_Persian_English_Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_Structure" /> <meta property="og:title" content="The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="This study pursues an explanation for Persian-English codeswitching in terms of language typological differences. In particular, it aims to show how English verbs occur in Persian structure and identify possible constraints, which occur between" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://umanitoba.academia.edu/MarziehHadei" /> <meta name="description" content="This study pursues an explanation for Persian-English codeswitching in terms of language typological differences. In particular, it aims to show how English verbs occur in Persian structure and identify possible constraints, which occur between" /> <title>(PDF) The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/17251113/The_Appearance_of_Persian_English_Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_Structure" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '1e60a92a442ff83025cbe4f252857ee7c49c0bbe'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1740540325000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1740540325000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"This study pursues an explanation for Persian-English codeswitching in terms of language typological differences. In particular, it aims to show how English verbs occur in Persian structure and identify possible constraints, which occur between Persian and English verbal system. A mixed method design is chosen for the study and data collection includes tape-recordings of spontaneous conversations involving 12 Persian-English bilingual speakers. All bilingual complementiser phrases are transcribed, and all the classified English verbs are analysed to show how they occur in the bilingual, Persian-English complementiser phrases. The findings of the study reveal that the lack of congruity between the verbal system of Persian and English causes some constraints on the insertion of the English verbs. First, in all English elements in the findings of this study, there is no example that shows English verb occurs as a single unit in the Persian structure. Second, no single case in the findings of this study shows a combination of a Persian verbal morpheme and an English bare infinitive verb. Third, there is no example in the entire corpus that shows the combination of English verb and Persian negation element. Thus, the occurrence of Persian-English bilingual compound verbs is the result of the mentioned constraints between these two languages.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Marzieh Hadei","url":"https://umanitoba.academia.edu/MarziehHadei"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2015-10-24","dateModified":"2016-02-22","datePublished":"2015-01-01","headline":"The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42958105/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Languages and Linguistics","Bilingualism","Lexical and Grammatical Borrowing","Codeswitching","Bilingual Compound Verbs"],"publication":"International Journal of Linguistics","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Macrothink 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{"work":{"id":17251113,"created_at":"2015-10-24T09:31:57.651-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-12T05:42:55.065-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"This study pursues an explanation for Persian-English codeswitching in terms of language typological differences. In particular, it aims to show how English verbs occur in Persian structure and identify possible constraints, which occur between Persian and English verbal system. A mixed method design is chosen for the study and data collection includes tape-recordings of spontaneous conversations involving 12 Persian-English bilingual speakers. All bilingual complementiser phrases are transcribed, and all the classified English verbs are analysed to show how they occur in the bilingual, Persian-English complementiser phrases. The findings of the study reveal that the lack of congruity between the verbal system of Persian and English causes some constraints on the insertion of the English verbs. First, in all English elements in the findings of this study, there is no example that shows English verb occurs as a single unit in the Persian structure. Second, no single case in the findings of this study shows a combination of a Persian verbal morpheme and an English bare infinitive verb. Third, there is no example in the entire corpus that shows the combination of English verb and Persian negation element. Thus, the occurrence of Persian-English bilingual compound verbs is the result of the mentioned constraints between these two languages.","more_info":"Listed in : EBSCOhost, Gale's Academic Databases, Google Scholar,J-Gate, NewJour, PKP Open Archives Harvester, ProQuest, Sherpa/Romeo.doi:10.5296/ijl.v7i5.8176","publisher":"Macrothink Institute","event_date":null,"journal_name":"International Journal of Linguistics","publication_date":"2015,,","conference_end_date":null,"conference_start_date":null},"document_type":"other","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [14183925]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":42958105,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/42958105/mini_magick20190216-20328-2hrvxs.png?1550379010" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">The Appearance of Persian-English Compound Verbs in Persian Structure</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14183925" href="https://umanitoba.academia.edu/MarziehHadei"><img alt="Profile image of Marzieh Hadei" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/14183925/10524412/18699959/s65_marzieh.hadei.jpg" />Marzieh Hadei</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2015</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">22 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 17251113; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=17251113"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This study pursues an explanation for Persian-English codeswitching in terms of language typological differences. In particular, it aims to show how English verbs occur in Persian structure and identify possible constraints, which occur between Persian and English verbal system. A mixed method design is chosen for the study and data collection includes tape-recordings of spontaneous conversations involving 12 Persian-English bilingual speakers. All bilingual complementiser phrases are transcribed, and all the classified English verbs are analysed to show how they occur in the bilingual, Persian-English complementiser phrases. The findings of the study reveal that the lack of congruity between the verbal system of Persian and English causes some constraints on the insertion of the English verbs. First, in all English elements in the findings of this study, there is no example that shows English verb occurs as a single unit in the Persian structure. Second, no single case in the findings of this study shows a combination of a Persian verbal morpheme and an English bare infinitive verb. Third, there is no example in the entire corpus that shows the combination of English verb and Persian negation element. Thus, the occurrence of Persian-English bilingual compound verbs is the result of the mentioned constraints between these two languages.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":42958105,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/17251113/The_Appearance_of_Persian_English_Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_Structure"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":42958105,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/17251113/The_Appearance_of_Persian_English_Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_Structure"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="17251113" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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The direction of verbs seems to be potentially problematic for the Iranian EFL learners. English verbs can be formed by affixation and compounding. Even proper names and names of animals and products can be used as simple verbs. Persian is poor in this respect, and most verbs are formed via a limited number of affixes or by the productive process of verb collocation. English verbs seem more flexible in switching to intransitive or transitive modes, while Persian requires morphological transformation. The use of prepositions with objects can pose problems for the Iranian EFL learners. In one language, the focus of the sentence is on the subject while in the other, emphasis is directed to the object. 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The study, using the Hamshahri Newspaper corpus shows that some English verbs have subject or object arguments and even adverbs included within their semantic and syntactic properties and this makes it very easy for the native speakers to express the most with the least number of words This, however, can make finding equivalents very hard especially when Persian follows an SOV sentence pattern in which the two parts of collocation may stay far from each other.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Clashes of Conciseness and Wordiness between English and Persian Verbs","attachmentId":50681846,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2296456/Clashes_of_Conciseness_and_Wordiness_between_English_and_Persian_Verbs","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2296456/Clashes_of_Conciseness_and_Wordiness_between_English_and_Persian_Verbs"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="27718544" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27718544/An_Investigation_into_Verb_Direction_in_English_and_Persian_2012_Asian_Social_Science_8_7_20_33_Scopus_">An Investigation into Verb Direction in English and Persian(2012). 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(Scopus)","attachmentId":48084725,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27718544/An_Investigation_into_Verb_Direction_in_English_and_Persian_2012_Asian_Social_Science_8_7_20_33_Scopus_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27718544/An_Investigation_into_Verb_Direction_in_English_and_Persian_2012_Asian_Social_Science_8_7_20_33_Scopus_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="76848864" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76848864/The_processing_of_bilingual_switched_compound_verbs_Competition_of_words_from_different_categories_for_lexical_selection">The processing of bilingual (switched) compound verbs: Competition of words from different categories for lexical selection</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="971275" href="https://ualberta.academia.edu/MehdiPurmohammad">Mehdi Purmohammad</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper investigates the production of Persian–English bilingual compound verbs (BCVs) of the type [VERB+VERB]. In this type of code-switched structure, a lexical verb from the donor language English is combined with a light verb from the native language Persian. We tested the hypothesis that in Persian–English BCVs English verbs occupy the nominal slots of monolingual Persian complex predicates of the type [NOMINAL+VERB]. Two methodologies were used. A conversational-corpus analysis confirmed our predictions that Persian–English BCVs have translation-equivalent Persian compound verbs, that the English verbs denote the same action as the nominal constituents of those monolingual constructions, and that the support verbs tend to correspond in both types of compound verbs. A bilingual picture-word interference experiment provided evidence suggesting that English verbs interfere with the production of the nominal constituents of complex Persian verbs in Persian-bilingual speakers. W...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The processing of bilingual (switched) compound verbs: Competition of words from different categories for lexical selection","attachmentId":84407466,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/76848864/The_processing_of_bilingual_switched_compound_verbs_Competition_of_words_from_different_categories_for_lexical_selection","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/76848864/The_processing_of_bilingual_switched_compound_verbs_Competition_of_words_from_different_categories_for_lexical_selection"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="70318848" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70318848/Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_An_Euphemistic_Phraseology">Compound Verbs in Persian: An Euphemistic Phraseology</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1610810" href="https://uerj.academia.edu/TaniaSalies">Tania G A S T Ã O Salies</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">An analysis of the compound verb system of Persian marks constructions euphemistically by producing an indirect order effect and by alternating different compound and simple forms that bear the same denotation but are governed by a rigorous code of ethics. What really carries the semantic reference in these cases is the process of construing polite phraseology. Data were drawn from the utterances of a native speaker of Persian over a period of 3 months. While Persian is a mechanically simple language, it has a rich cultural component that regulates its use for communication. A learner of Persian must also learn the differentiations produced by the use of compound verbs. Excerpts of the subject&#39;s speech that especially illustrate Persian euphemistic phraseology are appended. Contains 3 references. (MSE) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Compound Verbs in Persian: An Euphemistic Phraseology","attachmentId":80121314,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70318848/Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_An_Euphemistic_Phraseology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/70318848/Compound_Verbs_in_Persian_An_Euphemistic_Phraseology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="109745777" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109745777/Bilingual_Compound_Verbs_and_Light_Verbs_Innovation_in_Pashto_English_Code_Mixing">Bilingual Compound Verbs and Light Verbs Innovation in Pashto-English Code-Mixing</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8215372" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ArshadKhan18">Arshad Khan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">SSRN Electronic Journal, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The present study focuses on the bilingual compound verb, which is as an innovative syntactic category emerges through Pashto-English code mixing (hereafter CM). The study shows that Bilingual Compound Verbs (BCVs) are very prevalent in the Pashto-English CM of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The study explored that the BCVs in Pashto is completely productive and do not entail phonologically and semantically in the morphosyntax of Pashto language. It also shows that the dominant pattern of BCVs is the conjugation of the lights verbs kaw 'do' or 'make' keg 'become' which carries the aspectual and agreement markers and the left-most alien lexical element contributes to the core semantic content of the construction. The BCVs construction show that how the light verbs lead to a new verbal category.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Bilingual Compound Verbs and Light Verbs Innovation in Pashto-English Code-Mixing","attachmentId":107778510,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109745777/Bilingual_Compound_Verbs_and_Light_Verbs_Innovation_in_Pashto_English_Code_Mixing","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109745777/Bilingual_Compound_Verbs_and_Light_Verbs_Innovation_in_Pashto_English_Code_Mixing"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="87988357" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87988357/Aspectual_Verb_Constructions_in_Persian">Aspectual Verb Constructions in Persian</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="774947" href="https://basu.academia.edu/MohammadRasekhmahand">Mohammad Rasekh-Mahand</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56104898" href="https://basu.academia.edu/mehdiparizadeh">mehdi parizadeh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Iranian studies, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper aims to describe and explain the different morphosyntactic and semantic features of some double verb constructions in Persian, an Indo-European language mainly spoken in Iran. It is argued that these double verb constructions are not instances of serial verb construction, but instances of emerging aspectual verbs with varied degrees of grammaticalization. It is argued that numerous factors lead to grammaticalization of these verbs, including context, the semantic class of the verbs, and their frequency. A corpus-based analysis shows that these aspectual verbs have been grammaticalized in different ratios during the last one hundred years, demonstrating ongoing change in the Persian language.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Aspectual Verb Constructions in Persian","attachmentId":112230997,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87988357/Aspectual_Verb_Constructions_in_Persian","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87988357/Aspectual_Verb_Constructions_in_Persian"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="26227982" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26227982/Processing_Compound_Verbs_in_Second_Language_Speakers_of_Persian_Iranian_Studies_Taylor_and_Francis_41_1_137_158">Processing Compound Verbs in Second Language Speakers of Persian, Iranian Studies. Taylor and Francis, 41(1): 137-158.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="486702" href="https://chicago.academia.edu/PounehShabaniJadidi">Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study investigates compound verb processing in second language speakers (L2) of Persian. Forty-six near-native L2 speakers of Persian were tested to examine the processing of transparent (non-idiomatic) and opaque (idiomatic) compound verbs, under masked priming paradigm. The results revealed a significant nominal priming effect in the opaque condition, and a numerically stronger nominal priming effect in the transparent condition. There was also an increase in the processing load on the parser when the target was an opaque compound. The results of this study seem to be compatible with the dual access or dual route hypothesis, yet with the version that assumes the two routes are activated in parallel rather than the version that assumes high frequency words are represented lexically but low frequency words are decomposed.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Processing Compound Verbs in Second Language Speakers of Persian, Iranian Studies. Taylor and Francis, 41(1): 137-158.","attachmentId":46572447,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26227982/Processing_Compound_Verbs_in_Second_Language_Speakers_of_Persian_Iranian_Studies_Taylor_and_Francis_41_1_137_158","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26227982/Processing_Compound_Verbs_in_Second_Language_Speakers_of_Persian_Iranian_Studies_Taylor_and_Francis_41_1_137_158"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="123622094" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/123622094/Structural_Analysis_of_Persian_English_Reverse_Code_Switching_and_Code_Mixing">Structural Analysis of Persian-English Reverse Code-Switching and Code-Mixing</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="308144946" href="https://independent.academia.edu/hamzehmoradi5">hamzeh moradi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Code-switching and code-mixing are considered dynamic conversational phenomena in interpersonal interactions, that is an alteration between two or more languages, dialectal variants, language registers, and it is an effective communicative strategy which Persian-English bilinguals consider a genuine thing in their ordinary speech practice. The focus of the present study is on the structural analysis of reverse code-switching between Persian and English that are known to be referred to two typologically different languages. Participants of the present research, all late bilinguals, reported on frequent use of code-switching (CS) and code-mixing (CM) in everyday language practice. CS/CM is quite normal and frequent among Iranian bilinguals, especially in informal settings where bilingual speakers can freely switch between their languages. Furthermore, the results revealed that Iranian bilinguals switch from English to Persian and in verso mostly at the lexical and the phrasal levels (...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Structural Analysis of Persian-English Reverse Code-Switching and Code-Mixing","attachmentId":118010805,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123622094/Structural_Analysis_of_Persian_English_Reverse_Code_Switching_and_Code_Mixing","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/123622094/Structural_Analysis_of_Persian_English_Reverse_Code_Switching_and_Code_Mixing"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="51965696" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51965696/Mixed_Approach_in_Syntax_Evidence_from_Persian">Mixed Approach in Syntax: Evidence from Persian</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1816992" href="https://allameh.academia.edu/hengamehvaezi">hengameh vaezi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper sheds new light on Persian Linguistics; meanwhile to criticize the traditional trends pushed theoretical linguistics formal approach) and applied linguistics (Functional approach 1) part; as well as welcome the evidence and opportunities that this mixed approach provide for bringing them together. This model of analysis will be known as a mixed model that can achieve more comprehensive responses for Persian diversities than considering each approach in isolation. They're both are vital for Persian syntactic analyses; they are complementary. Relying on each approach is misleading. The main objective is to support this claim by evidence from Persian Language. The Persian evidence shows the constraints and varieties in this language is not only originated from syntactic principles, but also they are greatly motivated by pragmatic considerations. Therefore the variety of syntactic structures such as wh-constructions, sluicing, ditransitive verbs and obligatory adjuncts can not be determined or stipulated by the absolute formal constraints. As an evidence the first group of constructions will be discussed. Index Terms-formal approach, functional approach, mixed approach, Persian language 1 The difference between functional and Functional should be mentioned here. In this paper, Functional with capital F refers to all approaches and theories which are contrast to Formal approaches such as cognitive, discourse, information structure and typological explanations. For more information you can refer to Croft (2001).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Mixed Approach in Syntax: Evidence from Persian","attachmentId":69449883,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51965696/Mixed_Approach_in_Syntax_Evidence_from_Persian","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51965696/Mixed_Approach_in_Syntax_Evidence_from_Persian"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":42958105,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":42958105,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_42958105" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="31463385" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31463385/Verb_movement_in_Persian_and_linguistic_theory">Verb movement in Persian and linguistic theory</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57931551" href="https://modares.academia.edu/AlirezaDehbozorgi">Alireza B A H R A M Dehbozorgi</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Verb movement in Persian and linguistic theory","attachmentId":51819338,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31463385/Verb_movement_in_Persian_and_linguistic_theory","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31463385/Verb_movement_in_Persian_and_linguistic_theory"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="99898918" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/99898918/An_Investigation_into_Lexical_Aspect_of_Persian_Light_Verbs_zadan_d%C7%8Edan_and_xordan_Based_on_Huddleston_and_Pullum_2002_">An Investigation into Lexical Aspect of Persian Light Verbs: zadan, dǎdan and xordan Based on Huddleston and Pullum (2002)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="50251931" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JalalRahimian">Jalal Rahimian</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An Investigation into Lexical Aspect of Persian Light Verbs: zadan, dǎdan and xordan Based on Huddleston and Pullum (2002)","attachmentId":100866059,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99898918/An_Investigation_into_Lexical_Aspect_of_Persian_Light_Verbs_zadan_d%C7%8Edan_and_xordan_Based_on_Huddleston_and_Pullum_2002_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/99898918/An_Investigation_into_Lexical_Aspect_of_Persian_Light_Verbs_zadan_d%C7%8Edan_and_xordan_Based_on_Huddleston_and_Pullum_2002_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="3644568" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3644568/The_formation_of_the_periphrastic_verbs_in_Persian_and_neighbouring_languages">The formation of the periphrastic verbs in Persian and neighbouring languages</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4405886" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/ClaudiaACiancaglini">Claudia A. 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