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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American journalist and writer (1870–1946)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ray Stannard Baker</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg/220px-Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg/330px-Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg/440px-Ray_Stannard_Baker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">April 17, 1870<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing, Michigan</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 12, 1946<span style="display:none">(1946-07-12)</span> (aged 76)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst, Massachusetts</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">"David Grayson"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_Agricultural_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Michigan State Agricultural College">Michigan State Agricultural College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_P._Baker" title="Hugh P. Baker">Hugh P. Baker</a> (brother)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Biography_or_Autobiography" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography">Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Ray_Stannard_Baker.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Signature_of_Ray_Stannard_Baker.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="38" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="35" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ray Stannard Baker</b> (April 17, 1870 – July 12, 1946)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (also known by his pen name <b>David Grayson</b>) was an American <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Historian" title="Historian">historian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Biographer">biographer</a>, and writer. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Stannard_Baker&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg/220px-111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg/330px-111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg/440px-111-SC-25389_-_NARA_-_55210325-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1712" data-file-height="1432" /></a><figcaption>Baker as an observer with staff officers on the Italian front in late 1918.</figcaption></figure> <p>Baker was born in <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing, Michigan</a>. After graduating from the <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_Agricultural_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Michigan State Agricultural College">Michigan State Agricultural College</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State University</a>), he attended law school at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a> in 1891 before launching his career as a journalist in 1892 with the <i>Chicago News-Record,</i> where he covered the <a href="/wiki/Pullman_Strike" title="Pullman Strike">Pullman Strike</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coxey%27s_Army" title="Coxey's Army">Coxey's Army</a> in 1894. </p><p>In 1896, Ray Stannard Baker married Jessie Beal. They had four children: Alice Beal (1897), James Stannard (1899), Roger Denio (1902), and Rachel Moore (1906). </p><p>In 1898,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baker joined the staff of <i><a href="/wiki/McClure%27s" title="McClure's">McClure's</a></i>, a pioneer <a href="/wiki/Muckraking" class="mw-redirect" title="Muckraking">muckraking</a> magazine, and quickly rose to prominence along with <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Steffens" title="Lincoln Steffens">Lincoln Steffens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ida_Tarbell" title="Ida Tarbell">Ida Tarbell</a>. He also dabbled in fiction, writing children's stories for the magazine <i>Youth's Companion</i> and a nine-volume series of stories about rural living in America, the first of which was titled <i>Adventures in Contentment</i> (1907) under his pseudonym David Grayson, which reached millions of readers worldwide. </p><p>In 1907, dissatisfied with the muckraker label, Baker, Steffens, and Tarbell left <i>McClure's</i> and founded <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Magazine" title="The American Magazine">The American Magazine</a></i>. In 1908, after the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_race_riot" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta race riot">1906 Atlanta Race Riot</a> got him involved, Baker published the book <i>Following the Color Line: An Account of Negro Citizenship in the American Democracy</i>, becoming the first prominent journalist to examine America's racial divide; it was extremely successful. Sociologist Rupert Vance says it is: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>... the best account of race relations in the South during the period–one that reads like field notes for the future historian. This account was written during the zenith of Washingtonian movement and shows the optimism that it inspired among both liberals and moderates. The book is also notable for its realistic accounts of Negro town life.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>He followed up that work with numerous articles in the following decade. </p><p>In 1910, he moved to the town of <a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst, Massachusetts</a>. </p><p>In 1912, Baker published <i>The Friendly Road</i>, an account of the places he visited and people he met while on a <a href="/wiki/Walking_tour" title="Walking tour">walking tour</a> of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/1912_United_States_presidential_election" title="1912 United States presidential election">that year's presidential election</a> Baker supported the presidential candidacy of <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a>, which led to a close relationship between the two men, and in 1918 Wilson sent Baker to Europe to study the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">war situation</a>. He was in connection with the future president of Czechoslovak Republic <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Garrigue_Masaryk" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Garrigue Masaryk">Thomas Garrigue Masaryk</a> in America yet, from May 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During peace negotiations, Baker served as Wilson's press secretary at <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Versailles</a>. He eventually published 15 volumes about Wilson and internationalism, including the six-volume <i>The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson</i> (1925–1927) with <a href="/wiki/William_Edward_Dodd" class="mw-redirect" title="William Edward Dodd">William Edward Dodd</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 8-volume <i>Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters</i> (1927–1939), the last two volumes of which won the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Biography_or_Autobiography" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography">Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography</a> in 1940. He served as an adviser on Darryl F. Zanuck's 1944 film <i><a href="/wiki/Wilson_(1944_film)" title="Wilson (1944 film)">Wilson</a></i>. </p><p>Baker wrote two autobiographies, <i>Native American</i> (1941) and <i>American Chronicle</i> (1945). </p><p>Baker died of a heart attack in Amherst, Massachusetts, and is buried in <a href="/wiki/Wildwood_Cemetery,_Amherst,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wildwood Cemetery, Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst's Wildwood Cemetery</a>. Buildings have been named in honor of both Ray Stannard Baker and David Grayson (his pen name). A dormitory, Grayson Hall, is at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Amherst" title="University of Massachusetts Amherst">University of Massachusetts Amherst</a>. The David Grayson Elementary School is in <a href="/wiki/Waterford,_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterford, Michigan">Waterford, Michigan</a>. An academic building, Baker Hall, is at <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State University</a>. A trail in Amherst has also been named for Baker.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baker's brother <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Potter_Baker" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh Potter Baker">Hugh Potter Baker</a> was the president of Massachusetts State College, which later became the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts" title="University of Massachusetts">University of Massachusetts</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Stannard_Baker&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Shop Talks on the Wonders of Crafts</i> (Chicago, 1895)</li> <li><i>Our New Prosperity</i> (New York: Doubleday & Company, McClure, 1900)</li> <li><i>The Boys Book of Inventions</i> (London: Harper & Brothers, 1900)</li> <li><i>Seen in Germany</i> (New York: McClure, Phillips, 1901)</li> <li><i>Boys' Second Book of Inventions</i> (New York: McClure, Phillips, 1903)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/19040500BakerReignoflawlessnessinco">"The Reign of Lawlessness: Anarchy and Despotism in Colorado,"</a> <i>McClure's Magazine</i>, vol. 23, no. 1 (May 1904), pp. 43–57.</li> <li><i>Adventures in Contentment</i> (1907) (as David Grayson)</li> <li><i>The Atlanta Riot</i> (1907)</li> <li><i>Following the Color Line: An Account of Negro Citizenship in the American Democracy</i> (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, New York, 1908) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/followingcolorl00bakegoog">read online</a></li> <li><i>New Ideals in Healing</i> (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1909)</li> <li><i>Adventures in Friendship</i> (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1910) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/adventuresinfri01bakegoog">read online</a></li> <li><i>The Spiritual Unrest</i> (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1910) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spiritualunrest00bake">read online</a></li> <li><i>The Friendly Road</i> (Doubleday, 1912) (as David Grayson)</li> <li><i>Great Possessions: A New Series of Adventures</i> (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1917) (as David Grayson) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greatpossession00bakegoog">read online</a></li> <li><i>What Wilson Did at Paris</i> (New York, 1919)</li> <li><i>Woodrow Wilson and World Settlement</i> (3 vols.) (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1922–1923) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonwor01bake/page/n7/mode/2up">read vol. 1 online</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonwor02bake/page/n7/mode/2up">read vol. 2 online</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonwor01bake/page/n7/mode/2up">read vol. 3 online</a></li> <li><i>An American Pioneer in Science: The Life and Service of <a href="/wiki/William_James_Beal" title="William James Beal">William James Beal</a></i>, with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jessie_B._Baker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jessie B. Baker (page does not exist)">Jessie B. Baker</a> (Amherst, Mass: Privately printed, 1925)</li> <li><i>Adventures in Understanding</i> (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1925) (as David Grayson)</li> <li><i>The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson</i>. With William Edward Dodd. Six volumes. (1925–1927)</li> <li><i>Woodrow Wilson: Life and Letters</i> (8 vols.) (New York: Doubleday, Page, and Doubleday, Doran) (1927–1939), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake/">"Youth, 1856-1890" (1927)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0002bake/">"Princeton, 1890-1910" (1927)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.54171/page/n7/mode/2up">"Governor, 1910–1913 (1931)"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Woodrow_Wilson.html?id=oOOdygAACAAJ">"President, 1913-1914" (1931)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Woodrow_Wilson_Neutrality_1914_1915.html?id=ZluuAAAAIAAJ">"Neutrality 1914-1915" (1935)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake_e0w0">"Facing War, 1915-1917" (1937)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake_g9c3">"War Leader, April 6, 1917 - February 28, 1918" (1939)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/woodrowwilsonlif0000bake_s0o6">"Armistice, March 1 - November 11, 1918 (1939)"</a> (1940 <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Biography_or_Autobiography" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography">Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography</a>).</li> <li><i>Woodrow Wilson: Neutrality, 1914-1915</i> (New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1935) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Woodrow_Wilson_Neutrality_1914_1915.html?id=ZluuAAAAIAAJ">read online</a></li> <li><i>The Countryman's Year</i> (New York: Doubleday, Page, and Doubleday, Doran, 1936) (as David Grayson)</li> <li><i>The Capture, Death and Burial of J. Wilkes Booth</i> (Poor Richard Press, 1940) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/capturedeathburi00bake/mode/2up">read online</a></li> <li><i>Native American: The Book of My Youth</i> (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1941)</li> <li><i>American Chronicle: The Autobiography of Ray Stannard Baker</i> (as David Grayson) (Charles Scribner's Son, 1945) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanchronicl00bake">read online</a></li> <li><i>A Journalist's Diplomatic Mission: Ray Stannard Baker's World War I Diary</i>. John Maxwell Hamilton, ed. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2012.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Stannard_Baker&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/rbannis1/Baker/">Baker</a>. swarthmore.edu.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Ray_Stannard_Baker.aspx">Ray Stannard Baker</a>. Encyclopedia.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBaker1945" class="citation book cs1">Baker, Ray Stannard (1945). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanchronicl00bake"><i>American Chronicle</i></a></span>. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanchronicl00bake/page/84">84</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Chronicle&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1945&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Ray+Stannard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanchronicl00bake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARay+Stannard+Baker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rupert Vance, "The 20th-century South as Viewed by English-speaking Travelers, 1900-1955" in Thomas D. Clark, ed., <i>Travels in the New South: A Bibliography</i> (vol. 2, 1962) p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhotinos2006" class="citation journal cs1">Photinos, Christine (2006). "Transiency and Transgression in the Autobiographies of Barbara Starke and 'Boxcar' Bertha Thompson". <i>Women's Studies</i>. <b>35</b> (7): 666. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00497870600903997">10.1080/00497870600903997</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144143586">144143586</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+Studies&rft.atitle=Transiency+and+Transgression+in+the+Autobiographies+of+Barbara+Starke+and+%27Boxcar%27+Bertha+Thompson&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=666&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00497870600903997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144143586%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Photinos&rft.aufirst=Christine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARay+Stannard+Baker" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">PRECLÍK, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 str., vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karviná) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague, CZ), 2019, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-80-87173-47-3">978-80-87173-47-3</a>, p. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ncpedia.org/biography/dodd-william-edward">ncpedia.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amherstma.gov/DocumentCenter/View/611/Amherst-Trail-Map">Amherst Trail Map</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Stannard_Baker&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hamilton, John M. (2020) <i>Manipulating the Masses: Woodrow Wilson and the Birth of American Propaganda</i>. Louisiana State University Press.</li> <li>Bannister, Robert C., <i>Ray Stannard Baker: The Mind and Thought of a Progressive.</i> (1966)</li> <li>Gorton, Stephanie. <i>Citizen Reporters: S.S. McClure, Ida Tarbell, and the Magazine that Rewrote America].</i> New York: Ecco/HarperCollins, 2020.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ray_Stannard_Baker&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Ray_Stannard_Baker" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Ray Stannard Baker">Ray Stannard Baker</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ray_Stannard_Baker" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ray Stannard Baker">Ray Stannard Baker</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/6395w709d">Ray Stannard Baker Papers at the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton University</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/37309">Works by Ray Stannard Baker</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/929">Works by David Grayson</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fadedpage.com/csearch.php?author=Baker%2C%20Ray%20Stannard">Works by David Grayson</a> at <a href="/wiki/Distributed_Proofreaders_Canada" title="Distributed Proofreaders Canada">Faded Page</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/12226">Works by Ray Stannard Baker</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Grayson%2C%20David%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22David%20Grayson%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Grayson%2C%20David%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22David%20Grayson%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Grayson%2C%20D%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22David%20Grayson%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Grayson%2C%20David%22%20OR%20description%3A%22David%20Grayson%22%29%20OR%20%28%221870-1946%22%20AND%20Grayson%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about David Grayson</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%20Stannard%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%20S%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Baker%2C%20R%2E%20S%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ray%20Stannard%20Baker%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ray%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22R%2E%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Ray%20Baker%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ray%20Stannard%20Baker%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ray%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22R%2E%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22R%2E%20Stannard%20Baker%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%20Stannard%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%20S%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Baker%2C%20R%2E%20S%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Baker%2C%20R%2E%20Stannard%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Ray%20Baker%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ray%20Stannard%20Baker%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ray%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20title%3A%22R%2E%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Ray%20Baker%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ray%20Stannard%20Baker%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ray%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20description%3A%22R%2E%20S%2E%20Baker%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%20Stannard%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%20S%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Ray%20Baker%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Baker%2C%20Ray%22%29%20OR%20%28%221870-1946%22%20AND%20Baker%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Ray Stannard Baker</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBannister" class="citation web cs1">Bannister, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/rbannis1/Baker/index.html">"Ray Stannard Baker: A Guide to Resources"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 9,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ray+Stannard+Baker%3A+A+Guide+to+Resources&rft.aulast=Bannister&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swarthmore.edu%2FSocSci%2Frbannis1%2FBaker%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARay+Stannard+Baker" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://joneslibrary.org/211/Special-Collections">Papers, Special Collections, Jones Library, Amherst, MA.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/8203122">Ray Stannard Baker</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li> <li>Ray Stannard Baker's collected journalism at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicjournalism.com/ray-stannard-baker.html">The Archive of American Journalism</a></li></ul> <div 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Hendrick">Burton J. Hendrick</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_James" title="Marquis James">Marquis James</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_James_(biographer)" title="Henry James (biographer)">Henry James</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_F._Pringle" title="Henry F. Pringle">Henry F. Pringle</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Nevins" title="Allan Nevins">Allan Nevins</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Dennett" title="Tyler Dennett">Tyler Dennett</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Southall_Freeman" title="Douglas Southall Freeman">Douglas Southall Freeman</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Barton_Perry" title="Ralph Barton Perry">Ralph Barton Perry</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Nevins" title="Allan Nevins">Allan Nevins</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odell_Shepard" title="Odell Shepard">Odell Shepard</a>/<a href="/wiki/Marquis_James" title="Marquis James">Marquis James</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Van_Doren" title="Carl Van Doren">Carl Van Doren</a> (1939)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ray Stannard Baker</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ola_Elizabeth_Winslow" title="Ola Elizabeth Winslow">Ola Elizabeth Winslow</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Wilson" title="Forrest Wilson">Forrest Wilson</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Eliot_Morison" title="Samuel Eliot Morison">Samuel Eliot Morison</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_Mabee" title="Carleton Mabee">Carleton Mabee</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russel_B._Nye" title="Russel B. Nye">Russel Blaine Nye</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linnie_Marsh_Wolfe" title="Linnie Marsh Wolfe">Linnie Marsh Wolfe</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Allen_White" title="William Allen White">William Allen White</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Clapp" title="Margaret Clapp">Margaret Clapp</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Sherwood" title="Robert E. Sherwood">Robert E. Sherwood</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Flagg_Bemis" title="Samuel Flagg Bemis">Samuel Flagg Bemis</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pulitzer_Prizes_(medal).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Pulitzer_Prizes_%28medal%29.png/60px-Pulitzer_Prizes_%28medal%29.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Pulitzer_Prizes_%28medal%29.png/90px-Pulitzer_Prizes_%28medal%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Pulitzer_Prizes_%28medal%29.png/120px-Pulitzer_Prizes_%28medal%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2055" data-file-height="1101" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:PulitzerPrize_BiographyorAutobiographyAuthors" 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