Partition - 70 years on

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-GB" id="responsive-news"> <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#"><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/news/magazine-38683657","20180202222116","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1517610076"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <title>Partition - 70 years on - BBC News</title> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/stylesheets/services/news/compact.css" media="(max-width: 599px)"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/stylesheets/services/news/tablet.css" media="(min-width: 600px)"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/stylesheets/services/news/wide.css" media="(min-width: 1008px)"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://ssl.bbc.co.uk/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://sa.bbc.co.uk/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/"> <meta name="x-country" content="us"> <meta name="x-audience" content="Domestic"> <meta name="CPS_AUDIENCE" content="Domestic"> <meta name="CPS_CHANGEQUEUEID" content="114954631"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38683657"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-gb" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38683657"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38683657"> <meta property="og:title" content="Partition - 70 years on - BBC News"/> <meta property="og:type" content="website"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Partition - 70 years on"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="BBC News"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB"/> <meta property="article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/bbcnews"/> <meta property="article:section" content="Magazine"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38683657"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/2015/newsspec_10857/bbc_news_logo.png?cb=1"/> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="BBC News. BBC News"/> <meta property="fb:pages" content="1143803202301544,317278538359186,1392506827668140,742734325867560,185246968166196,156060587793370,137920769558355,193435954068976,21263239760,156400551056385,929399697073756,154344434967,228735667216,80758950658,260212261199,294662213128,1086451581439054,283348121682053,295830058648,239931389545417,304314573046,310719525611571,647687225371774,1159932557403143,286567251709437,1731770190373618,125309456546,163571453661989,285361880228,512423982152360,238003846549831,176663550714,260967092113,118450564909230,100978706649892,15286229625,122103087870579,120655094632228,102814153147070,124715648647,153132638110668,150467675018739"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@BBCNews"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Partition - 70 years on - BBC News"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Partition - 70 years on"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@BBCNews"> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special/2015/newsspec_10857/bbc_news_logo.png?cb=1"> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="BBC News"/> <meta name="twitter:domain" content="www.bbc.co.uk"> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/magazine-38683657","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","name":"BBC News","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/special\/2015\/newsspec_10857\/bbc_news_logo.png?cb=1"}},"description":"Partition - 70 years on","name":"Partition - 70 years on - BBC News"} </script> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="BBC News"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="57x57" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/apple-touch-icon-57x57-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/apple-touch-icon-72x72-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/apple-touch-icon-114x114-precomposed.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" href="http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/web-app-launch-icon.png"> <meta name="application-name" content="BBC News"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="BBC News"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#bb1919"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on"> <meta name="robots" content="NOODP,NOYDIR"/> <meta name="theme-color" content="#bb1919"> <script type="text/javascript">var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime()</script> <script> (function() { if (navigator.userAgent.match(/IEMobile\/10\.0/)) { var msViewportStyle = document.createElement("style"); msViewportStyle.appendChild( document.createTextNode("@-ms-viewport{width:auto!important}") ); document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(msViewportStyle); } })(); </script> <script>window.fig = window.fig || {}; window.fig.async = true;</script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="1609039196070050"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="100004154058350"/> <script type="text/javascript">window.bbcredirection={geo:true}</script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/style/orb.min.css">    <script class="js-require-lib" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/requirejs/lib.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> bbcRequireMap = {"jquery-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.7.2", "jquery-1.4":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.4", "jquery-1.9":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.9.1", "jquery-1.12":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.12.0.min", "jquery-2.2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-2.2.0.min", "istats-1":"//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-43/js/istats-1", "swfobject-2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/swfobject/0.1.10/sharedmodules/swfobject-2", "demi-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/demi/0.10.1/sharedmodules/demi-1", "gelui-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1", "cssp!gelui-1/overlay":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1/overlay.css", "relay-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/relay/0.2.6/sharedmodules/relay-1", "clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1", "canvas-clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/canvas-clock-1", "cssp!clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1.css", "jssignals-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1", "jcarousel-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jcarousel/0.1.10/modules/jcarousel-1", "bump-3":"//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://emp.bbci.co.uk/emp/bump-3/bump-3"}; require({ baseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/', paths: bbcRequireMap, waitSeconds: 30 }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies_flag === 'undefined') { bbccookies_flag = 'ON'; } showCTA_flag = true; cta_enabled = (showCTA_flag && (bbccookies_flag === 'ON')); (function(){var m="ckns_policy",q="Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT",i={ads:true,personalisation:true,performance:true,necessary:true};function c(u){if(c.cache[u]){return c.cache[u]}var t=u.split("/"),v=[""];do{v.unshift((t.join("/")||"/"));t.pop()}while(v[0]!=="/");c.cache[u]=v;return v}c.cache={};function a(u){if(a.cache[u]){return a.cache[u]}var v=u.split("."),t=[];while(v.length&&"|co.uk|com|".indexOf("|"+v.join(".")+"|")===-1){if(v.length){t.push(v.join("."))}v.shift()}c.cache[u]=t;return t}a.cache={};function s(t,y,u){var E=[""].concat(a(window.location.hostname)),B=c(window.location.pathname),D="",w,C;for(var x=0,A=E.length;x<A;x++){w=E[x];for(var v=0,z=B.length;v<z;v++){C=B[v];D=t+"="+y+";"+(w?"domain="+w+";":"")+(C?"path="+C+";":"")+(u?"expires="+u+";":"");bbccookies.set(D,true)}}}window.bbccookies={POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS:new Date(2015,4,21,0,0,0,0).getTime(),POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME:"ckns_policy_exp",_setEverywhere:s,cookiesEnabled:function(){var t="ckns_testcookie"+Math.floor(Math.random()*100000);this.set(t+"=1");if(this.get().indexOf(t)>-1){e(t);return true}return false},get:function(){return document.cookie},getCrumb:function(t){if(!t){return null}return decodeURIComponent(document.cookie.replace(new RegExp("(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*"+encodeURIComponent(t).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g,"\\$&")+"\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$"),"$1"))||null},policyRequiresRefresh:function(){var u=new Date();u.setHours(0);u.setMinutes(0);u.setSeconds(0);u.setMilliseconds(0);if(bbccookies.POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS<=u.getTime()){var t=bbccookies.getCrumb(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME);if(t){t=new Date(parseInt(t));t.setYear(t.getFullYear()-1);return bbccookies.POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS>=t.getTime()}else{return true}}else{return false}},_setPolicy:function(t){return f.apply(this,arguments)},readPolicy:function(){return l.apply(this,arguments)},_deletePolicy:function(){s(m,"",q)},_isConfirmed:function(){return n()!==null},_acceptsAll:function(){var t=l();return t&&!(j(t).indexOf("0")>-1)},_getCookieName:function(){return b.apply(this,arguments)},_showPrompt:function(){var t=((!this._isConfirmed()||this.policyRequiresRefresh())&&window.cta_enabled&&this.cookiesEnabled()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);return(window.orb&&window.orb.fig)?t&&(window.orb.fig("no")||window.orb.fig("ck")):t},_getPolicy:this.readPolicy};function b(u){var t=(""+u).match(/^([^=]+)(?==)/);return(t&&t.length?t[0]:"")}function j(t){return""+(t.ads?1:0)+(t.personalisation?1:0)+(t.performance?1:0)}function f(x){if(typeof x==="undefined"){x=i}if(typeof arguments[0]==="string"){var u=arguments[0],w=arguments[1];if(u==="necessary"){w=true}x=l();x[u]=w}else{if(typeof arguments[0]==="object"){x.necessary=true}}var v=new Date();v.setYear(v.getFullYear()+1);bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbci.co.uk;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");var t=new Date(v.getTime());t.setMonth(t.getMonth()+1);bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbci.co.uk;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");return x}function o(t){if(t===null){return null}var u=t.split("");return{ads:!!+u[0],personalisation:!!+u[1],performance:!!+u[2],necessary:true}}function n(){var t=new RegExp("(?:^|; ?)"+m+"=(\\d\\d\\d)($|;)"),u=document.cookie.match(t);if(!u){return null}return u[1]}function l(t){var u=o(n());if(!u){u=i}if(t){return u[t]}else{return u}}function e(t){return document.cookie=t+"=;expires="+q+";"}var g=!(window.bbccookies_flag==="ON"&&!bbccookies._acceptsAll()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);var k={},d={"personalisation":"ckps_.+|X-AB-iplayer-.+|ACTVTYMKR|BBC_EXAMPLE_COOKIE|BBCIplayer|BBCiPlayerM|BBCIplayerSession|BBCMediaselector|BBCPostcoder|bbctravel|CGISESSID|ed|food-view|forceDesktop|h4|IMRID|locserv|MyLang|myloc|NTABS|ttduserPrefs|V5|WEATHER|BBCScienceDiscoveryPlaylist_.+|bitratePref|correctAnswerCount|genreCookie|highestQuestionScore|incorrectAnswerCount|longestStreak|MSCSProfile|programmes-oap-expanded|quickestAnswer|score|servicePanel|slowestAnswer|totalTimeForAllFormatted|v|BBCwords|score|correctAnswerCount|highestQuestionScore|hploc|BGUID|BBCWEACITY|mstouch|myway|BBCNewsCustomisation|cbbc_anim|cbeebies_snd|bbcsr_usersx|cbeebies_rd|BBC-Latest_Blogs|zh-enc|pref_loc|m|bbcEmp.+|recs-.+|_lvd2|_lvs2|tick|_fcap_CAM1|_rcc2","performance":"ckpf_.+|optimizely.*|BBCLiveStatsClick|id|_em_.+|cookies_enabled|mbox|mbox-admin|mc_.+|omniture_unique|s_.+|sc_.+|adpolicyAdDisplayFrequency|s1|ns_session|ns_cookietest|ns_ux|NO-SA|tr_pr1|gvsurvey|bbcsurvey|si_v|sa_labels|obuid|mm_.+|mmid|mmcore.+|mmpa.+","ads":"ckad_.+|rsi_segs|c","necessary":"ckns_.+|BBC-UID|blq\\.dPref|SSO2-UID|BBC-H2-User|rmRpDetectReal|bbcComSurvey|IDENTITY_ENV|IDENTITY|IDENTITY-HTTPS|IDENTITY_SESSION|BBCCOMMENTSMODULESESSID|bbcBump.+|IVOTE_VOTE_HISTORY|pulse|BBCPG|BBCPGstat|ecos\\.dt"};function r(){var x=document.cookie.replace(/; +/g,";").split(";"),u,v=[];for(var w=0,t=x.length;w<t;w++){u=x[w];v.push(bbccookies._getCookieName(u))}return v}function h(w){var v=JSON.stringify(w);if(typeof(k[v])!=="undefined"){return k[v]}var u="";for(var t in w){if(w.hasOwnProperty(t)&&d[t]){if(w[t]===true){u+=(u?"|":"")+d[t]}}}k[v]=new RegExp("^("+(u?u:".*")+")$","i");return k[v]}bbccookies.getPolicyExpiryDateTime=function(){return bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME};bbccookies.purge=function(){var u=bbccookies.readPolicy(),w=r(),x;for(var v=0,t=w.length;v<t;v++){if(!bbccookies.isAllowed(w[v],u)){x=new Date();x.setTime(0);x=x.toUTCString();s(w[v],"deleted",x)}}};function p(){if(g){return}bbccookies.purge();contentLoaded(window,bbccookies.purge);if(window.addEventListener){window.addEventListener("beforeunload",bbccookies.purge,false)}else{if(window.attachEvent){window.attachEvent("onbeforeunload",bbccookies.purge)}else{window.onbeforeunload=bbccookies.purge}}}bbccookies.set=function(u,t){if(g){return document.cookie=u}var v=bbccookies._getCookieName(u);if(t||bbccookies.isAllowed(v)){return document.cookie=u}return null};bbccookies.isAllowed=function(v){var u=bbccookies.readPolicy();var t=h(u);return t.test(v)};p()})(); /*! * contentloaded.js * * Author: Diego Perini (diego.perini at gmail.com) * Summary: cross-browser wrapper for DOMContentLoaded * Updated: 20101020 * License: MIT * Version: 1.2 * * URL: * http://javascript.nwbox.com/ContentLoaded/ * http://javascript.nwbox.com/ContentLoaded/MIT-LICENSE * */ function contentLoaded(d,i){var c=false,h=true,k=d.document,j=k.documentElement,a=k.addEventListener,n=a?"addEventListener":"attachEvent",l=a?"removeEventListener":"detachEvent",b=a?"":"on",m=function(o){if(o.type==="readystatechange"&&k.readyState!="complete"){return}(o.type==="load"?d:k)[l](b+o.type,m,false);if(!c&&(c=true)){i.call(d,o.type||o)}},g=function(){try{j.doScroll("left")}catch(o){setTimeout(g,50);return}m("poll")};if(k.readyState==="complete"){i.call(d,"lazy")}else{if(!a&&j.doScroll){try{h=!d.frameElement}catch(f){}if(h){g()}}k[n](b+"DOMContentLoaded",m,false);k[n](b+"readystatechange",m,false);d[n](b+"load",m,false)}}if(typeof(require)==="function"&&!require.defined("orb/cookies")){define("orb/cookies",function(){return window.bbccookies})}; /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> define('orb/cookies', function() { return window.bbccookies; }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){window.orb={};window.orb.figState={ad:0,ap:0,ck:1,eu:1,mb:0,tb:0,uk:1,df:1};window.orb.fig=function(a){return(arguments.length)?window.orb.figState[a]:window.orb.figState};window.orb.fig.device={};window.orb.fig.geo={};window.orb.fig.user={};window.orb.fig.isDefault=function(){return window.orb.fig("df")};window.orb.fig.device.isTablet=function(){return window.orb.fig("tb")};window.orb.fig.device.isMobile=function(){return window.orb.fig("mb")};window.orb.fig.geo.isUK=function(){return window.orb.fig("uk")};window.orb.fig.geo.isEU=function(){return window.orb.fig("eu")};window.fig=window.fig||{};window.fig.manager={include:function(e){e=e||window;var g=false;var j=e.document,k=j.cookie,i=k.match(/(?:^|; ?)ckns_orb_fig=([^;]+)/),h;if(i){i=this.deserialise(decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1));this.setFig(e,i)}if(window.fig.async&&typeof JSON!="undefined"){var b=(document.cookie.match("(^|; )ckns_orb_cachedfig=([^;]*)")||0)[2];h=b?JSON.parse(b):null;if(h){this.setFig(e,h);g=true}}var a="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://fig.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/fig/1/fig.js";if(g){j.write('<script src="'+a+'" async><'+"/script>")}else{j.write('<script src="'+a+'"><'+"/script>")}},confirm:function(a){return true},setFig:function(a,b){(function(){a.orb=a.orb||{};a.orb.figState=b})()},deserialise:function(b){var a={};b.replace(/([a-z]{2}):([0-9]+)/g,function(){a[RegExp.$1]=+RegExp.$2});return a}}})();fig.manager.include();/*]]>*/</script>  <script type="text/javascript">window.bbcFlagpoles_istats="ON",require.config({paths:{"istats-1":"//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-89/js/istats-1","megavolt-client":"//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-89/js/megavolt-client"},config:{"megavolt-client":{baseUrl:"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://mvt.api.bbc.com"}}}),require(["istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(e,t){if(t.isAllowed("s1")){e.addCollector({name:"default",url:"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s",separator:"&"});var a="news.magazine.feature_index.38683657.page";e.setCountername(a),window.istats_countername&&e.setCountername(window.istats_countername),e.addLabels("ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=89")}});</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ window.bbcFlagpoles_istats = 'ON'; window.orb = window.orb || {}; if (typeof bbccookies !== 'undefined' && bbccookies.isAllowed('s1')) { var istatsTrackingUrl = '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=news.magazine.feature_index.38683657.page&cps_asset_id=38683657&page_type=Index&section=%2Fnews%2Fmagazine&first_pub=2017-01-19T16%3A55%3A24%2B00%3A00&last_editorial_update=2017-08-18T14%3A36%3A20%2B00%3A00&curie=b73dcc39-9b64-c24c-870d-7e617801816e%2Fdesktop%2Fdomestic&for_nation=us&app_version=1.227.0&bbc_site=news&pal_route=asset&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=tabloid&prod_name=news&app_name=news'; require(['istats-1'], function (istats) { var counterName = (window.istats_countername) ? window.istats_countername : istatsTrackingUrl.match(/[\?&]name=([^&]*)/i)[1]; istats.setCountername(counterName); istats.addLabels('cps_asset_id=38683657&page_type=Index&section=%2Fnews%2Fmagazine&first_pub=2017-01-19T16%3A55%3A24%2B00%3A00&last_editorial_update=2017-08-18T14%3A36%3A20%2B00%3A00&curie=b73dcc39-9b64-c24c-870d-7e617801816e%2Fdesktop%2Fdomestic&for_nation=us&app_version=1.227.0&bbc_site=news&pal_route=asset&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=tabloid&prod_name=news&app_name=news'); var c = (document.cookie.match(/\bckns_policy=(\d\d\d)/) || []).pop() || ''; istats.addLabels({ 'blq_s': '4d', 'blq_r': '2.7', 'blq_v': 'default', 'blq_e': 'pal', 'bbc_mc': (c ? 'ad' + c.charAt(0) + 'ps' + c.charAt(1) + 'pf' + c.charAt(2) : 'not_set') } ); }); } /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(undefined){if(!window.bbc){window.bbc={}}var ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS=30;window.bbc.Mandolin=function(id,segments,opts){var now=new Date().getTime(),storedItem,DEFAULT_START=now,DEFAULT_RATE=1,COOKIE_NAME="ckpf_mandolin";opts=opts||{};this._id=id;this._segmentSet=segments;this._store=new window.window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage(COOKIE_NAME);this._opts=opts;this._rate=(opts.rate!==undefined)?+opts.rate:DEFAULT_RATE;this._startTs=(opts.start!==undefined)?new Date(opts.start).getTime():new Date(DEFAULT_START).getTime();this._endTs=(opts.end!==undefined)?new Date(opts.end).getTime():daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);this._signupEndTs=(opts.signupEnd!==undefined)?new Date(opts.signupEnd).getTime():this._endTs;this._segment=null;if(typeof id!=="string"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: id must be defined and be a string")}if(Object.prototype.toString.call(segments)!=="[object Array]"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Segments are required.")}if(opts.rate!==undefined&&(opts.rate<0||opts.rate>1)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Rate must be between 0 and 1.")}if(this._startTs>this._endTs){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: end date must occur after start date.")}if(!(this._startTs<this._signupEndTs&&this._signupEndTs<=this._endTs)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: SignupEnd must be between start and end date")}removeExpired.call(this,now);var overrides=window.bbccookies.get().match(/ckns_mandolin_setSegments=([^;]+)/);if(overrides!==null){eval("overrides = "+decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1)+";");if(overrides[this._id]&&this._segmentSet.indexOf(overrides[this._id])==-1){throw new Error("Invalid Override: overridden segment should exist in segments array")}}if(overrides!==null&&overrides[this._id]){this._segment=overrides[this._id]}else{if((storedItem=this._store.getItem(this._id))){this._segment=storedItem.segment}else{if(this._startTs<=now&&now<this._signupEndTs&&now<=this._endTs&&this._store.isEnabled()===true){this._segment=pick(segments,this._rate);if(opts.end===undefined){this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment})}else{this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment,end:this._endTs})}log.call(this,"mandolin_segment")}}}log.call(this,"mandolin_view")};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.getSegment=function(){return this._segment};function log(actionType,params){var that=this;require(["istats-1"],function(istats){istats.log(actionType,that._id+":"+that._segment,params?params:{})})}function removeExpired(expires){var items=this._store.getItems(),expiresInt=+expires;for(var key in items){if(items[key].end!==undefined&&+items[key].end<expiresInt){this._store.removeItem(key)}}}function getLastExpirationDate(data){var winner=0,rollingExpire=daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);for(var key in data){if(data[key].end===undefined&&rollingExpire>winner){winner=rollingExpire}else{if(+data[key].end>winner){winner=+data[key].end}}}return(winner)?new Date(winner):new Date(rollingExpire)}window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.log=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_log",params)};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.convert=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_convert",params);this.convert=function(){}};function daysFromNow(n){var endDate;endDate=new Date().getTime()+(n*60*60*24)*1000;return endDate}function pick(segments,rate){var picked,min=0,max=segments.length-1;if(typeof rate==="number"&&Math.random()>rate){return null}do{picked=Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))+min}while(picked>max);return segments[picked]}window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage=function(name){validateCookieName(name);this._cookieName=name;this._isEnabled=(bbccookies.isAllowed(this._cookieName)===true&&bbccookies.cookiesEnabled()===true)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.setItem=function(key,value){var storeData=this.getItems();storeData[key]=value;this.save(storeData);return value};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._isEnabled};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();return storeData[key]};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.removeItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();delete storeData[key];this.save(storeData)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItems=function(){return deserialise(this.readCookie(this._cookieName)||"")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.save=function(data){window.bbccookies.set(this._cookieName+"="+encodeURIComponent(serialise(data))+"; expires="+getLastExpirationDate(data).toUTCString()+";")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.readCookie=function(name){var nameEq=name+"=",ca=window.bbccookies.get().split("; "),i,c;validateCookieName(name);for(i=0;i<ca.length;i++){c=ca[i];if(c.indexOf(nameEq)===0){return decodeURIComponent(c.substring(nameEq.length,c.length))}}return null};function serialise(o){var str="";for(var p in o){if(o.hasOwnProperty(p)){str+='"'+p+'"'+":"+(typeof o[p]==="object"?(o[p]===null?"null":"{"+serialise(o[p])+"}"):'"'+o[p].toString()+'"')+","}}return str.replace(/,\}/g,"}").replace(/,$/g,"")}function deserialise(str){var o;str="{"+str+"}";if(!validateSerialisation(str)){throw"Invalid input provided for deserialisation."}eval("o = "+str);return o}var validateSerialisation=(function(){var OBJECT_TOKEN="<Object>",ESCAPED_CHAR='"\\n\\r\\u2028\\u2029\\u000A\\u000D\\u005C',ALLOWED_CHAR="([^"+ESCAPED_CHAR+"]|\\\\["+ESCAPED_CHAR+"])",KEY='"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'+"',VALUE='(null|"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'*"|'+OBJECT_TOKEN+")",KEY_VALUE=KEY+":"+VALUE,KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE="("+KEY_VALUE+",)*"+KEY_VALUE,OBJECT_LITERAL="({}|{"+KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE+"})",objectPattern=new RegExp(OBJECT_LITERAL,"g");return function(str){if(str.indexOf(OBJECT_TOKEN)!==-1){return false}while(str.match(objectPattern)){str=str.replace(objectPattern,OBJECT_TOKEN)}return str===OBJECT_TOKEN}})();function validateCookieName(name){if(name.match(/ ,;/)){throw"Illegal name provided, must be valid in browser cookie."}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.documentElement.className += (document.documentElement.className? ' ' : '') + 'orb-js'; fig.manager.confirm(); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/orb/api.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/orb/font.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var blq = { environment: function() { return 'live'; } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ function oqsSurveyManager(w, flag) { if (flag !== 'OFF' && (w.orb.fig("no") || w.orb.fig("uk"))) { w.document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/vendor/edr.min.js"><'+'/script>'); } } oqsSurveyManager(window, 'ON'); /*]]>*/ </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); /*]]>*/ </script><style type="text/css">.bbccom_display_none{display:none;}</style><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcomConfig, googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; var bbcdotcom = false; (function(){ if(typeof require !== 'undefined') { require({ paths:{ "bbcdotcom":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.73.0/script" } }); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcom = { adverts: { keyValues: { set: function() {} } }, advert: { write: function () {}, show: function () {}, isActive: function () { return false; }, layout: function() { return { reset: function() {} } } }, config: { init: function() {}, isActive: function() {}, setSections: function() {}, isAdsEnabled: function() {}, setAdsEnabled: function() {}, isAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAssetPrefix: function() {}, setVersion: function () {}, setJsPrefix: function() {}, setSwfPrefix: function() {}, setCssPrefix: function() {}, setConfig: function() {}, getAssetPrefix: function() {}, getJsPrefix: function () {}, getSwfPrefix: function () {}, getCssPrefix: function () {} }, survey: { init: function(){ return false; } }, data: {}, init: function() {}, objects: function(str) { return false; }, locale: { set: function() {}, get: function() {} }, setAdKeyValue: function() {}, utils: { addEvent: function() {}, addHtmlTagClass: function() {}, log: function () {} }, addLoadEvent: function() {} }; /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb !== 'undefined' && typeof orb.fig === 'function') { if (orb.fig('ad') && orb.fig('uk') == 0) { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: (orb.fig('ad') ? 1 : 0), stats: (orb.fig('uk') == 0 ? 1 : 0), statsProvider: orb.fig('ap') }; } } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://www.bbc.com' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://tps.bbc.com')+'/wwscripts/data">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb === 'undefined' || typeof orb.fig !== 'function') { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: bbcdotcom.data.a, stats: bbcdotcom.data.b, statsProvider: bbcdotcom.data.c }; } if (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://www.bbc.com' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com')+'/wwscripts/flag">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (typeof bbcdotcom.flag == 'undefined' || (typeof bbcdotcom.data.ads !== 'undefined' && bbcdotcom.flag.a != 1))) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 0; } if (/[?|&]ads/.test(window.location.href) || /(^|; )ads=on; /.test(document.cookie) || /; ads=on(; |$)/.test(document.cookie)) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 1; bbcdotcom.data.stats = 1; } if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcom.assetPrefix = "https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.73.0/"; if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug=') !== -1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.73.0/script/dist/bbcdotcom.dev.js">\x3C/script>'); } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.73.0/script/dist/bbcdotcom.js">\x3C/script>'); } } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://me-cdn.effectivemeasure.net/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/">'); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.googletagservices.com/">'); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<meta name="google-site-verification" content="auTeTTwSt_KBY_4iDoR00Lwb7-qzx1IgzJy6ztaWgEI" />'); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcomConfig = {"adFormat":"standard","adKeyword":"","adMode":"smart","adsEnabled":true,"appAnalyticsSections":"news>magazine","asyncEnabled":true,"disableInitialLoad":false,"advertInfoPageUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/privacy\/cookies\/international\/","advertisementText":"Advertisement","analyticsEnabled":true,"appName":"tabloid","assetPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.73.0\/","customAdParams":[],"customStatsParams":[],"headline":"","id":"38683657","inAssociationWithText":"in association with","keywords":"","language":"","orbTransitional":false,"outbrainEnabled":true,"outbrainSportEnabled":true,"adsenseEnabled":true,"adsportappEnabled":true,"lotameEnabled":true,"sherlockEnabled":false,"platinumEnabled":true,"tlNewsIndexEnabled":false,"tlNewsStoryEnabled":true,"tlNewsFpEnabled":false,"winterOlympicsEnabled":false,"palEnv":"live","productName":"","sections":[],"comScoreEnabled":true,"comscoreSite":"bbc","comscoreID":"19293874","comscorePageName":"news.magazine-38683657","slots":"","sponsoredByText":"is sponsored by","adsByGoogleText":"Ads by Google","summary":"","type":"INDEX","features":{"testfeature":{"name":"testfeature","envs":["sandbox","int","test"],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null},"lxadverts":{"name":"lxadverts","envs":[],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null}},"staticBase":"\/bbcdotcom","staticHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk","staticVersion":"1.73.0","staticPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.73.0","dataHttp":"tps.bbc.com","dataHttps":"www.bbc.com","flagHttp":"www.bbc.co.uk","flagHttps":"www.bbc.co.uk","analyticsHttp":"sa.bbc.com","analyticsHttps":"ssa.bbc.com"}; bbcdotcom.config.init(bbcdotcomConfig, bbcdotcom.data, window.location, window.document); bbcdotcom.config.setAssetPrefix("https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.73.0/"); bbcdotcom.config.setVersion("1.73.0"); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); if (/[?|&]ex-dp/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ex-dp=') !== -1) { bbcdotcom.utils.addHtmlTagClass('bbcdotcom-ex-dp'); } } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.head = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> // Globally available search context window.SEARCHBOX={"variant":"default","locale":"en","navSearchboxStaticPrefix":"//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-136","searchboxAppStaticPrefix":"//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://search.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox-app/1.0.19","searchFormHtml":"<div tabindex=\"-1\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og\" data-react-checksum=\"1886463233\"><div data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0\"><section class=\"se-searchbox-panel\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-layout\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox-title\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.0\">search</div><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1\"><form accept-charset=\"utf-8\" id=\"searchboxDrawerForm\" method=\"get\" action=\"https://search.bbc.co.uk/search\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0\"><label class=\"se-searchbox__input\" for=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.0\"><span class=\"se-sr-only\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.0\">Search Term</span><input name=\"q\" type=\"text\" value=\"\" id=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" class=\"se-searchbox__input__field\" maxlength=\"512\" autocomplete=\"off\" autocorrect=\"off\" autocapitalize=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1\"/></label><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"scope\" value=\"\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.2\"/><button type=\"submit\" class=\"se-searchbox__submit\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.3\">Search</button><button type=\"button\" class=\"se-searchbox__clear se-searchbox__clear--visible\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.4\">Close</button></form></div></div></div></section><div aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" class=\"se-suggestions-container\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.1\"><section class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.1.0\"></section></div></div></div>","searchScopePlaceholder":"","searchScopeParam":"","searchScopeTemplate":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperStart":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperEnd":""}; window.SEARCHBOX.suppress = false; window.SEARCHBOX.searchScope = SEARCHBOX.searchScopeTemplate.split('-')[0]; </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-136/css/main.css">    <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/id-cta.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/id-cta-v5.css"/>  <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var map = {}; if (typeof(map['jssignals-1']) == 'undefined') { map['jssignals-1'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://static.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1'; } require({paths: map}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116js_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/dist/idcta-1.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { if (!window.require) { throw new Error('idcta: could not find require module'); } if(typeof(map) == 'undefined') { var map = {}; } if(!!document.createElementNS && !!document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', "svg").createSVGRect) { document.documentElement.className += ' id-svg'; } var ptrt = RegExp("[\\?&]ptrt=([^&#]*)").exec(document.location.href); var ENDPOINT_URL = '//' + ((window.location.protocol == "https:") ? ('ssl.bbc.co.uk').replace("www.", "ssl.") : ('ssl.bbc.co.uk').replace("ssl.", "www.")); var ENDPOINT_CONFIG = ('/idcta/config?callback&locale=en-GB&ptrt=' + encodeURI((ptrt ? ptrt[1] : document.location.href))).replace(/\&/g, '&'); var ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS = '/idcta/translations?callback&locale=en-GB'; map['idapp-1'] = '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbc.co.uk/idapp/0.72.58/modules/idapp/idapp-1'; map['idcta'] = '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta'; map['idcta/config'] = [ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_CONFIG, '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/fallbackConfig']; map['idcta/translations'] = [ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS, '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/fallbackTranslations']; require({paths: map}); /* * Temporary code * To be removed when old id-statusbar-config is no longer supported */ define('id-statusbar-config', ['idcta/id-config'], function(conf) { return conf; }); define('idcta/id-statusbar-config', ['idcta/id-config'], function(conf) { return conf; }); })(); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/css/main.min.css"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/stylesheets/services/news/core.css">  <script id="news-loader"> if (document.getElementById("responsive-news")) { window.bbcNewsResponsive = true; } var isIE = (function() { var undef, v = 3, div = document.createElement('div'), all = div.getElementsByTagName('i'); while ( div.innerHTML = '', all[0] ); return v > 4 ? v : undef; }()); var modernDevice = 'querySelector' in document && 'localStorage' in window && 'addEventListener' in window, forceCore = document.cookie.indexOf('ckps_force_core') !== -1; window.cutsTheMustard = modernDevice && !forceCore; if (window.cutsTheMustard) { document.documentElement.className += ' ctm'; var insertPoint = document.getElementById('news-loader'), config = {"asset":{"asset_id":"38683657","asset_locator":"urn:bbc:cps:asset:38683657","asset_uri":"\/news\/magazine-38683657","original_asset_uri":null,"first_created":{"date":"2017-01-19 16:55:24","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe\/London"},"first_published":{"date":"2017-01-19 16:55:24","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe\/London"},"last_updated":{"date":"2017-08-18 15:36:20","timezone_type":3,"timezone":"Europe\/London"},"options":{"allowAdvertising":true},"section":{"name":"Magazine","id":"99189","uri":"\/news\/magazine","urlIdentifier":"\/news\/magazine"},"language":"en-gb","edition":"Domestic","audience":"domestic","iStats_counter_name":"news.magazine.feature_index.38683657.page","type":"FIX","curie":"asset:b73dcc39-9b64-c24c-870d-7e617801816e\/desktop\/domestic"},"smpBrand":null,"staticHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk","environment":"live","locatorVersion":"0.46.3","pathPrefix":"\/news","staticPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/news\/1.227.02334","jsPath":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/news\/1.227.02334\/js","cssPath":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/news\/1.227.02334\/stylesheets\/services\/news","cssPostfix":"","dynamic":null,"features":{"localnews":true,"video":true,"liveeventcomponent":true,"mediaassetpage":true,"gallery":true,"rollingnews":true,"sportstories":true,"radiopromo":true,"fromothernewssites":true,"locallive":true,"weather":true},"features2":{"svg_brand":true,"waf_deprecation_notice":true,"chartbeat":true,"connected_stream":true,"connected_stream_promo":true,"dynatrace_beacon":true,"nav":true,"pulse_survey":false,"local_survey":true,"correspondents":true,"blogs":true,"open_graph":true,"follow_us":true,"marketdata_markets":true,"marketdata_shares":true,"nations_pseudo_nav":true,"politics_election2015_topic_pages":true,"responsive_breaking_news":true,"live_event":true,"most_popular":true,"most_popular_tabs":true,"most_popular_by_day":false,"routing":true,"radiopromonownext":true,"config_based_layout":true,"orb":true,"map_most_watched":true,"top_stories_promo":true,"features_and_analysis":true,"section_labels":true,"index_title":true,"share_tools":true,"extracted_share_tools":true,"local_live_promo":true,"adverts":true,"adverts_async":true,"adexpert":true,"igor_geo_redirect":true,"igor_device_redirect":true,"live":true,"comscore_mmx":true,"find_local_news":true,"comments":true,"comments_enhanced":true,"browser_notify":true,"stream_grid_promo":true,"breaking_news":false,"top_stories_max_volume":true,"record_livestats":true,"contact_form":true,"channel_page":true,"portlet_global_variants":true,"suppress_lep_timezone":true,"story_sticky_player":true,"story_end_slate":true,"story_smp_preview":true,"embed_player_pid":true,"cedexis":true,"mpulse":true,"story_single_column_layout":true,"story_image_copyright_labels":true,"ovp_resolve_primary_media_vpids":false,"media_player":true,"services_bar":true,"live_v2_stream":true,"ldp_tag_augmentation":true,"map_related_topic_tags":true,"olympics_tables":true,"embedephant-social-embeds":true,"interactive-social-embeds":true,"social-embeds":true,"amp_link":true},"configuration":{"showtimestamp":"1","showweather":"1","showsport":"1","showolympics":"1","showfeaturemain":"1","candyplatform":"EnhancedMobile","showwatchlisten":"1","showspecialreports":"","videotopiccandyid":"","showvideofeedsections":"1","showstorytopstories":"","showstoryfeaturesandanalysis":"1","showstorymostpopular":"","showgallery":"1","cms":"cps","channelpagecandyid":"10318089"},"pollingHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/https:\/\/polling.bbc.co.uk","service":"news","locale":"en-GB","locatorHost":null,"locatorFlagPole":true,"local":{"allowLocationLookup":true},"isWorldService":false,"isChannelPage":false,"languageVariant":"","commentsHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk","search":null,"comscoreAnalytics":null}; config.configuration['get'] = function (key) { return this[key.toLowerCase()]; }; var bootstrapUI=function(){var e=function(){if(navigator.userAgent.match(/(Android (2.0|2.1))|(Nokia)|(OSRE\/)|(Opera (Mini|Mobi))|(w(eb)?OSBrowser)|(UCWEB)|(Windows Phone)|(XBLWP)|(ZuneWP)/))return!1;if(navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE 10.0/))return!0;var e,t=document,n=t.head||t.getElementsByTagName("head")[0],r=t.createElement("style"),s=t.implementation||{hasFeature:function(){return!1}};r.type="text/css",n.insertBefore(r,n.firstChild),e=r.sheet||r.styleSheet;var i=s.hasFeature("CSS2","")?function(t){if(!e||!t)return!1;var n=!1;try{e.insertRule(t,0),n=!/unknown/i.test(e.cssRules[0].cssText),e.deleteRule(e.cssRules.length-1)}catch(r){}return n}:function(t){return e&&t?(e.cssText=t,0!==e.cssText.length&&!/unknown/i.test(e.cssText)&&0===e.cssText.replace(/\r+|\n+/g,"").indexOf(t.split(" ")[0])):!1};return i('@font-face{ font-family:"font";src:"font.ttf"; }')}();e&&(document.getElementsByTagName("html")[0].className+=" ff"),function(){var e=document.documentElement.style;("flexBasis"in e||"WebkitFlexBasis"in e||"msFlexBasis"in e)&&(document.documentElement.className+=" flex")}();var t,n,r,s,i,a={},o=function(){var e=document.documentElement.clientWidth,n=window.innerWidth,r=n>1.5*e;t=r?e:n},u=function(e){var t=document.createElement("link");t.setAttribute("rel","stylesheet"),t.setAttribute("type","text/css"),t.setAttribute("href",n+e+r+".css"),t.setAttribute("media",i[e]),s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s),delete i[e]},c=function(e,n,r){n&&!r&&t>=n&&u(e),r&&!n&&r>=t&&u(e),n&&r&&t>=n&&r>=t&&u(e)},l=function(e){if(a[e])return a[e];var t=e.match(/$min\-width:[\s]*([\s]*[0-9\.]+)(px|em)[\s]*$/),n=e.match(/$max\-width:[\s]*([\s]*[0-9\.]+)(px|em)[\s]*$/),r=t&&parseFloat(t[1])||null,s=n&&parseFloat(n[1])||null;return a[e]=[r,s],a[e]},f=function(){var e=0;for(var t in i)e++;return e},m=function(){f()||window.removeEventListener("resize",d,!1);for(var e in i){var t=i[e],n=l(t);c(e,n[0],n[1])}},d=function(){o(),m()},h=function(e,t){i=e,n=t.path+("/"!==t.path.substr(-1)?"/":""),r=t.postfix,s=t.insertBefore,o(),m(),window.addEventListener("resize",d,!1)};return{stylesheetLoaderInit:h}}(); var stylesheets = {"compact":"(max-width: 599px)","tablet":"(min-width: 600px)","wide":"(min-width: 1008px)"}; bootstrapUI.stylesheetLoaderInit(stylesheets, { path: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/stylesheets/services/news', postfix: '', insertBefore: insertPoint }); var loadRequire = function(){ var js_paths = {"jquery-1.9":"vendor\/jquery-1\/jquery","jquery-1":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/frameworks\/jquery\/0.4.1\/sharedmodules\/jquery-1.7.2","demi-1":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/frameworks\/demi\/0.10.1\/sharedmodules\/demi-1","swfobject-2":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/frameworks\/swfobject\/0.1.10\/sharedmodules\/swfobject-2","jquery":"vendor\/jquery-2\/jquery.min","domReady":"vendor\/require\/domReady","translation":"module\/translations\/en-GB","bump-3":"\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180202222116\/http:\/\/emp.bbci.co.uk\/emp\/bump-3\/bump-3"}; js_paths.navigation = 'module/nav/navManager'; requirejs.config({ baseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/js', map: { 'vendor/locator': { 'module/bootstrap': 'vendor/locator/bootstrap', 'locator/stats': 'vendor/locator/stats', 'locator/locatorView': 'vendor/locator/locatorView' } }, paths: js_paths, waitSeconds: 30 }); define('config', function () { return config; }); require(["compiled\/all"], function() { require(['domReady'], function (domReady) { domReady(function () { require(["module\/dotcom\/handlerAdapter","module\/stats\/statsSubscriberAdapter","module\/alternativeJsStrategy\/controller","module\/iconLoaderAdapter","module\/polyfill\/location.origin","module\/components\/breakingNewsAdapter","module\/indexTitleAdaptor","module\/navigation\/handlerAdaptor","module\/noTouchDetectionForCss","module\/components\/fauxBlockLink","module\/components\/responsiveImage","module\/components\/commentCountAdapter","module\/components\/timestampAdaptor"], function() { require(["module\/strategiserAdaptor"]); }); }); }); }); }; loadRequire(); } else { var l = document.createElement('link'); l.href = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/icons/generated/icons.fallback.css'; l.rel = 'stylesheet'; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(l); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ bbcdotcom.init({adsToDisplay:['leaderboard', 'sponsor_section', 'mpu', 'mpu_bottom', 'adsense']}); /*]]>*/ </script> <noscript><link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/icons/generated/icons.fallback.css" rel="stylesheet"></noscript> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { if (typeof bbccookies === 'object' && bbccookies.cookiesEnabled() && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance')) { var a=window;a.dT_?a.console&&a.console.log("Duplicate agent injection detected, turning off redundant initConfig."):navigator.userAgent&&0<=navigator.userAgent.indexOf("RuxitSynthetic")||navigator.cookieEnabled&&(window.dT_||(window.dT_={cfg:"app=285117EA4094E766|cors=1|featureHash=A2SVfqr|lastModification=1512129153528|dtVersion=10131170927100713|reportUrl=https://bf88816bfn.bf.dynatrace.com/bf|tp=500,50,0,1|featureHash=A2SVfqr|async=1|agentUri=https://js-cdn.dynatrace.com/jstag/15fc9f135f3/ruxitagent_A2SVfqr_10131170927100713.js|auto=|domain=|rid=RID_|rpid=|app=285117EA4094E766"}));(function(){function l(){var a=0;try{a=ma.performance.timing.navigationStart+Math.floor(ma.performance.now())}catch(c){}return 0>=a||isNaN(a)?(new Date).getTime():a}function na(a,c){return oa(a,c)}function g(a,c){for(var d=1;d<arguments.length;d++)a.push(arguments[d])}function pa(a){g(qa,a)}function r(a,c){return parseInt(a,c||10)}function ra(a){try{if(R)return R[a]}catch(c){}return null}function sa(a,c){try{window.sessionStorage.setItem(a,c)}catch(d){}}function f(a,c){var d=-1;c&&a&&a.indexOf&&(d= a.indexOf(c));return d}function ta(a){document.cookie=a+'="";path=/'+(e.domain?";domain="+e.domain:"")+"; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;"}function ua(a){a=encodeURIComponent(a);var c=[];if(a)for(var d=0;d<a.length;d++){var t=a.charAt(d);g(c,$a[t]||t)}return c.join("")}function C(a,c,d,t){va(function(){if(c||0===c){c=(""+c).replace(/[;\n\r]/g,"_");c="DTSA"===a.toUpperCase()?ua(c):c;var b=a+"="+c+";path=/"+(e.domain?";domain="+e.domain:"");d&&(b+=";expires="+d.toUTCString());t&&(b+=";Secure"); document.cookie=b}else ta(a)})}function n(a){var c,d,t,b=document.cookie.split(";");for(c=0;c<b.length;c++)if(d=f(b[c],"="),t=b[c].substring(0,d),d=b[c].substring(d+1),t=t.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,""),t===a)return"DTSA"===a.toUpperCase()?decodeURIComponent(d):d;return""}function wa(a){var c=/^[0-9A-Za-z_\$\+\/\.\-\*%\|]*$/.test(a);return 0>=f(a,"$")||a&&2<a.split("$").length?!1:c}function S(){var a=n(v);return a&&wa(a)?a:""}function T(a){C(v,a,void 0,b.bcv("ssc"))}function xa(a){a=a||S();var c={sessionId:null, v:null};if(a){var d=f(a,"|"),b=a;-1!==d&&(b=a.substring(0,d));d=f(b,"$");-1!==d?(c.sessionId=b.substring(d+1),c.v=b.substring(0,d)):c.sessionId=b}return c}function I(a){try{if("undefined"!==typeof window.DynatraceJsBridge&&"undefined"!==typeof window.DynatraceJsBridge.getServerId())return window.DynatraceJsBridge.getServerId()}catch(c){}return xa(a).v}function J(a){if(a)return xa(a).sessionId;if(a=S()){var c=f(a,"|");-1!=c&&(a=a.substring(0,c))}return a}function w(a,c){return Math.floor(Math.random()* (c-a+1))+a}function K(a){var c=window.crypto||window.msCrypto,d;if(c)d=new Int8Array(a),c.getRandomValues(d);else for(d=[],c=0;c<a;c++)d.push(w(0,32));a=[];for(c=0;c<d.length;c++){var b=Math.abs(d[c]%32);a.push(String.fromCharCode(b+(9>=b?48:55)))}return a.join("")}function ya(a){return document.getElementsByTagName(a)}function za(a){var c=a.length;if("number"===typeof c)a=c;else{for(var c=0,d=2048;a[d-1];)c=d,d+=d;for(var b=7;1<d-c;)b=(d+c)/2,a[b-1]?c=b:d=b;a=a[b]?d:c}return a}function Aa(a){var c= {};a=a.split("|");for(var d=0;d<a.length;d++){var b=a[d].split("=");2==b.length&&(c[b[0]]=decodeURIComponent(b[1].replace(/\+/g," ")))}return c}function D(a,c,d){c=c||{};a=a.split("|");for(var b=0;b<a.length;b++){var e=f(a[b],"="),k;-1===e?(k=a[b],c[k]="1"):(k=a[b].substring(0,e),c[k]=a[b].substring(e+1,a[b].length))}!d&&(d=c,a=d.spc)&&(b=document.createElement("textarea"),b.innerHTML=a,d.spc=b.value);return c}function U(a){return a in e?e[a]:V[a]}function x(a){a=U(a);return"false"===a||"0"===a?!1: !!a}function ab(a,c){e[a]=c}function Ba(a){var c=location.hostname;return c&&a?c==a||-1!==c.indexOf("."+a,c.length-("."+a).length):!0}function W(a){e[a]=0>f(e[a],"#"+a.toUpperCase())?e[a]:""}function bb(a,c){var d={};e.legacy="1";if(a){var b=/([a-zA-Z]*)[0-9]{0,4}_([a-zA-Z_0-9]*)_([0-9]+)/g.exec(a);b&&b.length&&(d.csu=b[1],d.featureHash=b[2],d.agentLocation=a.substr(0,f(a,b[1])-1),d.buildNumber=b[3])}c&&D(c,d,!0);Ba(d.domain)||(delete d.domain,d.domainOverride=location.hostname+","+d.domain);return d} function Ca(a){var c=a.agentUri;c&&-1<f(c,"_")&&(c=/([a-zA-Z]*)[0-9]{0,4}_([a-zA-Z_0-9]*)_[0-9]+/g.exec(c),a.csu=c[1],a.featureHash=c[2])}function Da(a){a.bp=a.bp||V.bp;a.bp2&&(a.bp=2);Ba(e.domain)||(e.domainOverride=location.hostname+","+e.domain,delete e.domain)}function L(a){var c=document.cookie?document.cookie.split(a).length-1:0;if(1<c){var d=e.domain||window.location.hostname,b=window.location.hostname,p=window.location.pathname,k=0,g=0;y.push(a);do{var h=b.substr(k);if(h!=d||"/"!==p){var f= a,l=h==d?null:h,r=p,n=1,m=0;do document.cookie=f+'=""'+(l?";domain="+l:"")+";path="+r.substr(0,n)+"; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;",n=r.indexOf("/",n),m++;while(-1!=n&&5>m);f=document.cookie?document.cookie.split(a).length-1:0;f<c&&(y.push(h),c=f)}k=b.indexOf(".",k)+1;g++}while(0!=k&&10>g&&1<c)}}function Ea(a,c){var d=document.createElement("script");d.setAttribute("src",a);c&&d.setAttribute("defer","true");d.setAttribute("crossorigin","anonymous");var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; b.parentElement.insertBefore(d,b)}function Fa(a){return M+"/"+E+"_"+a+"_"+(e.buildNumber||b.version)+".js"}function cb(){if(document.currentScript){var a=document.currentScript.src;if(a)for(var c=-1==f(a,"_bs")&&-1==f(a,"_bootstrap")&&-1==f(a,"_complete")?1:2,d=a.lastIndexOf("/"),b=0;b<c&&-1!=d;b++)a=a.substr(0,d),d=a.lastIndexOf("/");return a}return null}function Ga(){var a=n("rxVisitor");if(!a||""==a||a.length&&45!=a.length)a=ra("rxVisitor"),a&&45==a.length||(Ha=!0,a=l()+"",a+=K(45-a.length));var c= a,d=new Date;d.setFullYear(d.getFullYear()+2);C("rxVisitor",c,d,b.bcv("ssc"));sa("rxVisitor",c);return a}function X(a){var c=Ia(a);c||(c=N(a,!0));Y=!1;return c}function Ia(a){return!Y&&a||null==(Z()||window.rx_visitID)?(a=O(!0))&&1<=a.length&&!(aa()<=l())?(ba(l(),!1),P(),"sessionIDorRunIDMissing"==a[0].visitId?null:a[0].visitId):null:null}function Ja(a){a||(a=w(1,1E6));var c=J();c||(c=-1*w(2,21)+"$"+K(32),T(c),c=J(c));a=""+a;for(var d=a.length,b=[],e=0;e<c.length;e++)b[e]=String.fromCharCode(65+Math.abs((c.charCodeAt(e)^ a.charCodeAt(e%d))%26));return b.join("")}function ca(a){var c=O(!1);da(c,a);ba(l(),!0);P()}function N(a,c){c&&(ea=!0);var d;a:{if(Y||!a||Z())if(d=Z()||window.rx_visitID){window.rx_visitID=null;break a}d=null}var b=l();d||(d=Ja(b));ca(d);return d}function Z(){return b.rx_visitID||e.rx_visitID}function P(){fa&&clearTimeout(fa);fa=na(Ka,aa()-l())}function Ka(){if(aa()<=l()&&!x("coo")){var a=Ja(l());ca(a);return!0}P();return!1}function ba(a,c){var d=La().j;c&&(d=a);C("rxvt",a+Ma+"|"+d,void 0,b.bcv("ssc"))} function La(){var a={m:0,j:0},c=n("rxvt");if(c)try{var d=c.split("|");2==d.length&&(a.m=parseInt(d[0],10),a.j=parseInt(d[1],10))}catch(t){}return a}function aa(){var a=La();return Math.min(a.m,a.j+Na)}function Oa(a,c){for(var d=O(c),b=!1,e=0;e<d.length;e++)d[e].frameId===z&&(d[e].b=a,b=!0);b||g(d,{frameId:z,b:a});da(d)}function da(a,c){var d="",e=!1;if(a){for(var d=[],f=0;f<a.length;f++)"-"!=a[f].b&&(e=!0,0<f&&0<d.length&&g(d,"p"),g(d,m),g(d,"$"),g(d,a[f].frameId),g(d,"h"),g(d,a[f].b));d.length|| (F&&(N(!1,!0),F=!1),m=I(),g(d,m),g(d,"$"),g(d,z),g(d,"h-"));g(d,"v");g(d,c||X(e));d=d.join("")}d||(F&&(N(!1,!0),F=!1),m=I(),d=m+"$"+z+"h-v"+(c||X(!1)));e=d;try{"undefined"!==typeof window.DynatraceJsBridge&&"undefined"!==typeof window.DynatraceJsBridge.setDtPc&&window.DynatraceJsBridge.setDtPc(e)}catch(k){}C(G,e,void 0,b.bcv("ssc"))}function O(a){var c=n(G),b=[];if(c&&"-"!==c)for(var c=c.split("p"),e=0;e<c.length;e++){var p=c[e].split("h");if(2===p.length&&p[0]&&p[1]){var k=p[0],m;k&&0<=f(k,"$")&& (k=k.split("$")[1]);if(0<=f(p[1],"v")){var h=p[1].split("v");2==h.length&&(m=h[1],p[1]=h[0])}if(!(h=a)){var h=r(k.split("_")[0]),q=l()%6E8;q<h&&(q+=6E8);h=h+9E5>q}h&&g(b,{frameId:k,b:p[1]})}}for(e=0;e<b.length;e++)b[e].visitId=m;return b}function ga(a){x("coo")&&!x("cooO")?(A||(A=[]),g(A,a)):a()}function va(a){if(!x("coo")||x("cooO"))return a()}var B=window;if(!B.dT_||!B.dT_.cfg||"string"!=typeof B.dT_.cfg||B.dT_.initialized)B.console&&B.console.log("Initconfig not found or agent already initialized! This is an injection issue."); else if(!(navigator.userAgent&&0<=navigator.userAgent.indexOf("RuxitSynthetic"))&&navigator.cookieEnabled){var oa=window.setTimeout,R=window.sessionStorage,b={version:"10131170927100713",cfg:window.dT_&&window.dT_.cfg,ica:1};window.dT_=b;var ma=window,qa=[];b.agentStartTime=l();b.nw=l;b.apush=g;b.st=na;b.aBPSL=pa;b.gBPSL=function(){return qa};b.buildType="appmon";b.buildType="dynatrace";var $a={"!":"%21","~":"%7E","*":"%2A","(":"%28",")":"%29","'":"%27",$:"%24",";":"%3B",",":"%2C"};b.gSSV=ra;b.sSSV= sa;b.pn=r;b.iVSC=wa;b.io=f;b.dC=ta;b.sC=C;b.esc=ua;b.gSId=I;b.gDtc=J;b.gSC=S;b.sSC=T;b.gC=n;b.cRN=w;b.cRS=K;b.gEL=za;b.gEBTN=ya;var V={ade:"",app:"",bandwidth:"300",bp1:!1,bp2:!1,bp:1,bs:!1,coo:!1,cooO:!1,cors:!1,csu:"",cux:!1,disableCookieManager:!1,disableLogging:!1,disableXhrFailures:!1,domain:"",domainOverride:"",doNotDetect:"",dsndb:!1,dsss:!1,euf:!1,evl:"",extblacklist:"",exteventsoff:!1,fa:!1,featureHash:"",ffi:!1,hvt:216E5,ign:"",instr:"",lab:!1,legacy:!1,lmut:!0,md:"",mdn:5E3,mepp:10,moa:30, mrt:3,msl:3E4,ncw:!1,ntd:!1,oat:180,ote:!1,pui:!1,reportUrl:"",rid:"",ridPath:"",rpid:"",rt:1E4,rtl:0,rtp:2,rtt:1E3,rtu:200,sl:100,sosi:!1,spc:"",spl:!1,ssc:!1,st:3E3,svNB:!1,tp:"500,50,3",tvc:3E3,uam:!1,useNewCookies:!1,WST:!1,xb:"",xbp:null,xmut:!0,xt:0},e={reportUrl:"dynaTraceMonitor",initializedModules:"",csu:"dtagent",dataDtConfig:b.cfg},db={childList:!0,subtree:!0,attributes:!0,attributeOldValue:!0},eb=["_DT_RENDERING_"],ha;try{ha=window.localStorage}catch(a){}(function(){var a=e.dataDtConfig; "string"==typeof a&&-1==f(a,"#CONFIGSTRING")&&(D(a,e),W("domain"),W("auto"),W("app"),Ca(e))})();var Pa=ya("script"),Qa=za(Pa),q,u;if(0<Qa)for(var H,Ra=e.csu+"_bootstrap.js",ia=0;ia<Qa;ia++)if(H=Pa[ia],H.attributes){var Sa=H.attributes.getNamedItem("data-dtconfig"),Q=H.src;if(Sa)if(u=bb(H.src,Sa.value),!q)q=u;else if("1"!=u.syntheticConfig){q=u;break}var ja=Q&&Q.indexOf(Ra);if(ja&&0<=ja){var Ta=ja+Ra.length+5;u||(u=e);u.app=Q.length>Ta?Q.substr(Ta):"Default%20Application"}}if(q)for(var ka in q)q.hasOwnProperty(ka)&& (e[ka]=q[ka]);e.rx_visitID&&(b.rx_visitID=e.rx_visitID);(function(){var a=e.csu,a=(a.indexOf("dbg")==a.length-3?a.substr(0,a.length-3):a)+"_"+e.app+"_Store";try{var c=ha&&ha.getItem(a);if(c){var b=Aa(c),f=D(b.config,b).lastModification||"",g=e.lastModification||"",k=r(f.substr(0,13)),l=r(g.substr(0,13));if(!g||k>=l)for(var h in b)b.hasOwnProperty(h)&&("config"==h?D(b[h],e):e[h]=b[h])}}catch(fb){}})();Da(e);try{var Ua=e.ign;if(Ua&&(new RegExp(Ua)).test(window.location.href)){document.dT_=window.dT_= null;return}}catch(a){}var G="dtPC",v="dtCookie",Va="x-dtpc",Wa="x-dtreferer",la="dtLatC";e.useNewCookies&&(G="rxpc",v="rxsession",la="rxlatency",Va="x-rxpc",Wa="x-rxreferer");b.gSCN=function(){return v};b.gPCHN=function(){return Va};b.gRHN=function(){return Wa};b.pageContextCookieName=G;b.latencyCookieName=la;b.mobileSessionIDCookieName="dtAdk";b.cfg=e;b.pCfg=Aa;b.pCSAA=D;b.cFHFAU=Ca;b.sCD=Da;b.bcv=x;b.ncv=function(a){var b=r(U(a));isNaN(b)&&(b=r(V[a]));return b};b.scv=function(a){return String(U(a))}; b.stcv=ab;b.rplC=function(a){return e=a};var y=[];L(G);L(v);L(la);L("rxvt");pa(function(a,b){0<y.length&&!b&&(a.a("dCN","duplicateCookieNames",function(){return y.join(",")},function(){return y.slice()}),y=[])});var z=b.agentStartTime%6E8+"_"+r(w(0,1E3));b.gFId=function(){return z};b.frameId=z;var Xa,M,E;try{Xa=R.getItem("dtDisabled")}catch(a){}(M=e.agentLocation)||(M=cb());E=e.agentname||"ruxitagentjs";E=n("dtUseDebugAgent")?e.debugName||E+"dbg":e.name||E;if(!e.auto&&!e.legacy&&!Xa){var Ya=e.agentUri|| Fa(e.featureHash);e.async?Ea(Ya,e.async):document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+Ya+'">\x3c/script>')}if(-1!=f(window.location.href,"_DT_RENDERING_")){var Za=b.RMOD={};M&&(Za.conf=db,Za.ignore=eb,Ea(Fa("R"),!0))}var m;ga(function(){J()||T(-1*w(2,21)+"$"+K(32));m=I()});b.gcSId=function(){return m};var Ha=!1;ga(Ga);b.iNV=function(){return Ha};b.gVID=Ga;var fa,Ma=18E5,Na=216E5,Y=!0,ea=!1,F=!1;if(e.hvt)try{Na=parseInt(e.hvt,10)}catch(a){}b.sVIdUP=function(){F=!0};b.sVTT=function(a){Ma=a}; b.sVIDP="rx_visitID";b.sVID=ca;b.rVID=Ia;b.gVI=X;b.gNVId=N;b.gARnVF=function(){var a=ea;ea=!1;return a};b.cAUV=function(){Ka()||(ba(l(),!1),P())};Oa(1);b.gPC=O;b.cPC=Oa;b.sPC=da;var A;n(v)&&(e.cooO=1);b.eWE=ga;b.oEIE=va;b.eA=function(){for(var a=0;a<A.length;a++)oa(A[a],0);A=[];e.cooO=1}}})(); } })(); </script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=1"> </head>  <body id="asset-type-fix" class="device--feature"> <div class="direction"> <div id="bbccom_interstitial_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_interstitial" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_interstitial'); }); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var wallpaper; if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { if (bbcdotcom.config.isAsync()) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_wallpaper'); }); } else if (typeof googletag !== "undefined" && typeof googletag.display === "function") { googletag.display("wallpaper"); } wallpaper = bbcdotcom.adverts.adRegister.getAd('wallpaper'); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAdsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('analytics')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAnalyticsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyFirst = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script> <div id="blq-global"> <div id="blq-pre-mast"> </div> </div> <script type="text/html" id="blq-bbccookies-tmpl"><![CDATA[ <section> <div id="bbccookies" class="bbccookies-banner orb-banner-wrapper bbccookies-d"> <div id="bbccookies-prompt" class="orb-banner b-g-p b-r b-f"> <h2 class="orb-banner-title"> Cookies on the BBC website </h2> <p class="orb-banner-content" dir="ltr"> The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website.<span class="bbccookies-international-message"> We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you.</span> If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. </p> <ul class="orb-banner-options"> <li id="bbccookies-continue"> <button type="button" id="bbccookies-continue-button">Continue</button> </li> <li id="bbccookies-settings"> <a href="/privacy/cookies/managing/cookie-settings.html">Change settings</a> </li> <li id="bbccookies-more"><a href="/privacy/cookies/bbc">Find out more</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </section> ]]></script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){if(bbccookies._showPrompt()){var g=document,b=g.getElementById("blq-pre-mast"),e=g.getElementById("blq-bbccookies-tmpl"),a,f;if(b&&g.createElement){a=g.createElement("div");f=e.innerHTML;f=f.replace("<"+"![CDATA[","").replace("]]"+">","");a.innerHTML=f;b.appendChild(a);blqCookieContinueButton=g.getElementById("bbccookies-continue-button");blqCookieContinueButton.onclick=function(){a.parentNode.removeChild(a);return false};bbccookies._setPolicy(bbccookies.readPolicy())}var c=g.getElementById("bbccookies");if(c&&!window.orb.fig("uk")){c.className=c.className.replace(/\bbbccookies-d\b/,"");c.className=c.className+(" bbccookies-w")}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <noscript><p style="position: absolute; top: -999em"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=news.magazine.feature_index.38683657.page&ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=89&blq_js_enabled=0&blq_s=4d&blq_r=2.7&blq_v=default&blq_e=pal&cps_asset_id=38683657&page_type=Index§ion=%2Fnews%2Fmagazine&first_pub=2017-01-19T16%3A55%3A24%2B00%3A00&last_editorial_update=2017-08-18T14%3A36%3A20%2B00%3A00&curie=b73dcc39-9b64-c24c-870d-7e617801816e%2Fdesktop%2Fdomestic&for_nation=us&app_version=1.227.0&bbc_site=news&pal_route=asset&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=tabloid&prod_name=news&app_name=news" height="1" width="1" alt=""></p></noscript>  <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies !== 'undefined' && bbccookies.isAllowed('s1')) { (function () { require(['istats-1'], function (istats) { istatsTrackingUrl = istats.getDefaultURL(); if (istats.isEnabled() && bbcFlagpoles_istats === 'ON') { sitestat(istatsTrackingUrl); } else { window.ns_pixelUrl = istatsTrackingUrl; /* used by Flash library to track */ } function sitestat(n) { var j = document, f = j.location, b = ""; if (j.cookie.indexOf("st_ux=") != -1) { var k = j.cookie.split(";"); var e = "st_ux", h = document.domain, a = "/"; if (typeof ns_ != "undefined" && typeof ns_.ux != "undefined") { e = ns_.ux.cName || e; h = ns_.ux.cDomain || h; a = ns_.ux.cPath || a } for (var g = 0, f = k.length; g < f; g++) { var m = k[g].indexOf("st_ux="); if (m != -1) { b = "&" + decodeURI(k[g].substring(m + 6)) } } bbccookies.set(e + "=; expires=" + new Date(new Date().getTime() - 60).toGMTString() + "; path=" + a + "; domain=" + h); } window.ns_pixelUrl = n; } }); })(); } else { window.istats = {enabled: false}; } /*]]>*/</script>   <header id="orb-banner" role="banner">   <div id="orb-header" class="orb-nav-pri orb-nav-pri-white b-header--white--black orb-nav-empty"> <div class="orb-nav-pri-container b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-blocks"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/img/bbc-blocks-dark.png" width="84" height="24" alt="BBC"/> </a> </div> <section> <div class="orb-skip-links"> <h2>Accessibility links</h2> <ul> <li><a href="#page">Skip to content</a></li> <li><a id="orb-accessibility-help" href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div id="mybbc-wrapper" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-id orb-nav-focus"> <div id="idcta-statusbar" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-focus"> <a id="idcta-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://account.bbc.com/account?ptrt=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-38683657"> <span id="idcta-username">BBC iD</span> </a> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> require(['idcta/statusbar'], function(statusbar) { new statusbar.Statusbar({"id":"idcta-statusbar","publiclyCacheable":true}); }); </script> <a id="notification-link" class="js-notification-link animated three" href="#"> <span class="hidden-span">Notifications</span> <div class="notification-link--triangle"></div> <div class="notification-link--triangle"></div> <span id="not-num"></span> </a> </div> <nav role="navigation" class="orb-nav"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-links orb-nav-focus" id="orb-nav-links"> <h2>BBC navigation</h2> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-home orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-homedotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/">Sport</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/">Weather</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">TV</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Radio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/">Food</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iwonder">iWonder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/education">Bitesize</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Arts</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/local/">Local</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tomorrowsworld orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tomorrowsworld">Tomorrow's World</a> </li> <li id="orb-nav-more"><a href="#orb-footer" data-alt="More">Menu<span class="orb-icon orb-icon-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-search"> <a class="orb-search__button" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" title="Search the BBC">Search</a> <form class="b-f" id="orb-search-form" role="search" method="get" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" accept-charset="utf-8"> <div> <label for="orb-search-q">Search the BBC</label> <input id="orb-search-q" type="text" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" name="q" placeholder="Search"> <button id="orb-search-button" class="orb-search__button">Search the BBC</button> <input type="hidden" name="suggid" id="orb-search-suggid"/> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="orb-panels"> <script type="text/template" id="orb-panel-template"><![CDATA[ <div id="orb-panel-<%= panelname %>" class="orb-panel" aria-labelledby="orb-nav-<%= panelname %>"> <div class="orb-panel-content b-g-p b-r"> <%= panelcontent %> </div> </div> ]]></script> </div> </div> </header>  <div id="orb-modules"> <div id="site-container">  <div class="site-brand site-brand--height" role="banner" aria-label="BBC News"> <div class="site-brand-inner site-brand-inner--height"> <div class="navigation navigation--primary"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news" id="brand"> <svg class="brand__svg" width="102" height="30" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true"> <image xlink:href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/img/brand/generated/news-light.svg" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/news/1.227.02334/img/brand/generated/news-light.png" width="100%" height="100%"/> </svg> <span class="off-screen">News</span> </a> <h2 class="navigation__heading off-screen">BBC News Navigation</h2> <a href="#core-navigation" class="navigation__section navigation__section--core" data-event="header"> <div class="navigation__section--icon"> <span class="off-screen">Sections</span> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="navigation navigation--wide"> <ul class="navigation-wide-list" role="navigation" aria-label="BBC News" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-primary"> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Home</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-UK" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>UK</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-World" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>World</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-Business" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Business</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-Politics" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Politics</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Tech</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science_and_environment" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Science</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Health</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-Family___Education" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Family & Education</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment_and_arts" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Entertainment & Arts</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Stories</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/video_and_audio/headlines" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Video & Audio</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in_pictures" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>In Pictures</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Newsbeat</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/realitycheck" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Reality Check</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special_reports" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Special Reports</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/explainers" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Explainers</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/the_reporters" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>The Reporters</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/have_your_say" class="navigation-wide-list__link"> <span>Have Your Say</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/disability" class="navigation-wide-list__link navigation-wide-list__link--last"> <span>Disability</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="bbccom_leaderboard_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.adverts && bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync('leaderboard', [1,2,3,4]); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> <div id="breaking-news-container" data-polling-url="https://polling.bbc.co.uk/news/latest_breaking_news?audience=Domestic" aria-live="polite"></div> <div id="page" class="configurable index " data-story-id="magazine-38683657"> <div role="main"> <div class="container-width-only"> <h1 class="index-title 1 " id="comp-index-title" data-index-title-meta="{"id":"comp-index-title","type":"index-title","handler":"indexTitle","deviceGroups":null,"opts":{"alwaysVisible":true,"onFrontPage":false},"template":"index-title"}">Partition - 70 years on</h1> <div id="bbccom_sponsor_section_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.adverts && bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync('sponsor_section', [1,2,3,4]); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="container--primary-and-secondary-columns column-clearfix"> <div class="column--primary"> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger" class="distinct-component-group container-hawk"> <h2 class="group-title off-screen " data-entityid="#top_stories"> Top Stories </h2> <div class="hawk faux-block-link"> <div class="hawk-item" data-entityid="lead_feature#1"> <div class="hawk__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/1A30/production/_99440760_promo-976-veena-6y4a2903.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Dr Veena Dhillon"></div>  </div> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/partition_a_country_divided_and_its_70_year_legacy" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'From wedding night to refugee in a day'</span> </h3> </a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/partition_a_country_divided_and_its_70_year_legacy" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'From wedding night to refugee in a day'</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bbccom_mpu_1_2_3" class="bbccom_slot mpu-ad" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.adverts && bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync('mpu', [1,2,3]); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger-2" class="distinct-component-group container-sparrow-summary"> <div class="sparrow-container sparrow-columns"> <div class="sparrow sparrow__2 sparrow__light"> <div class="sparrow-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="container_top_stories#1"> <div class="sparrow-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/C581/production/_97416505_jinnahafp.jpg" data-width="2048" data-height="1152" data-alt="The portrait of Muhammad Ali Jinnah is seen at at the India-Pakistan Wagah border post during a ceremony to celebrate Pakistan's Independence Day on 14 August 2017"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="sparrow-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40961603" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">How Jinnah still shapes Pakistan's identity</span> </h3> </a> <p class="sparrow-item__summary"> </p> <div class="sparrow-item__info"> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1503017252" data-datetime="18 August 2017">18 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40961603" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article How Jinnah still shapes Pakistan's identity</a> </div> <div class="sparrow-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="container_top_stories#2"> <div class="sparrow-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/4A73/production/_97095091_mediaitem97095005.jpg" data-width="768" data-height="432" data-alt="Pakistani Rangers, in black, and Indian Border Security Force (BSF) personnel perform on September 17,2014 the daily retreat ceremony at the India-Pakistan Border in Wagah"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="sparrow-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40643413" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Partition: The turmoil, trauma and legacy</span> </h3> </a> <p class="sparrow-item__summary"> </p> <div class="sparrow-item__info"> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501135771" data-datetime="27 July 2017">27 July 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40643413" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Partition: The turmoil, trauma and legacy</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger-3" class="distinct-component-group "> <div class="sparrow-container sparrow-columns"> <div class="sparrow sparrow__3 sparrow__light"> <div class="sparrow-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_1#1"> <div class="sparrow-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/675C/production/_97206462_10238530_maryevans_resized_1.jpg" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" data-alt="Train carrying refugees"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="sparrow-item__body"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-d88680d1-26f2-4863-be95-83298fd01e02" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">A timeline of India’s hasty break-up</span> </h3> </a> <div class="sparrow-item__info"> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501842980" data-datetime="4 August 2017">4 August 2017</div></li> </ul> </div> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-d88680d1-26f2-4863-be95-83298fd01e02" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article A timeline of India’s hasty break-up</a> </div> <div class="sparrow-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_1#2"> <div class="sparrow-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/02EB/production/_97074700_f56a1e31-3166-43b9-9385-0220fb1a18f2.jpg" data-width="2048" data-height="1152" data-alt="Aaliyah Tayyebi"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="sparrow-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40706217" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The 'difficult memories' of witnesses</span> </h3> </a> <p class="sparrow-item__summary"> </p> <div class="sparrow-item__info"> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502147131" data-datetime="8 August 2017">8 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40706217" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The 'difficult memories' of witnesses</a> </div> <div class="sparrow-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_1#3"> <div class="sparrow-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/41E2/production/_97166861_aa.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Agha, Amer & Rishad"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="sparrow-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-40749476" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The friendship that survived</span> </h3> </a> <p class="sparrow-item__summary"> </p> <div class="sparrow-item__info"> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501802898" data-datetime="4 August 2017">4 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-40749476" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The friendship that survived</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger-4" class="distinct-component-group container-condor compact-tablet-only"> <h2 class="group-title " data-entityid="#watch/listen"> Watch/listen </h2> <div class="condor sparrow-container"> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#1"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/03CC/production/_97327900_p05cctch.png" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Harchet"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923330/walking-for-11-days-to-reach-india" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Walking for 11 days to reach India</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502757427" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923330/walking-for-11-days-to-reach-india" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Walking for 11 days to reach India</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#2"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/12400/production/_97325747_p05ccg4q.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="The BBC's Secunder Kermani hears from a man who helped beat an Indian politician to death - and the victim's nephew."></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40926317/i-killed-a-man-during-partition" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'I killed a man' during Partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502713812" data-datetime="14 August 2017">14 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40926317/i-killed-a-man-during-partition" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'I killed a man' during Partition</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#3"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/CFCD/production/_97279135_p05c12g1.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Animation of Ismat and Jeetu"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40885756/forbidden-love-across-the-partition-divide" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Forbidden love across the partition divide</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502403425" data-datetime="10 August 2017">10 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><span id="dna-comment-count___CPS__40885756" class="js-comment-count comment-count" data-comments-id="__CPS__40885756"></span><span class="off-screen"> comments</span></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40885756/forbidden-love-across-the-partition-divide" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Forbidden love across the partition divide</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#4"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/12AA7/production/_97255467_p05bjbzc.png" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Binita’s father had to flee when his family’s home was attacked. Now she wants to find the people who helped him escape."></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40803822/returning-to-the-village-my-dad-fled" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'Returning to the village my dad fled'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502062032" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40803822/returning-to-the-village-my-dad-fled" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'Returning to the village my dad fled'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#5"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/A00C/production/_97327904_p05ccck8.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Iftkahr made a death-defying journey 70 years ago - and now he's told his son the story"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923329/the-bodies-were-lying-on-the-roads-like-leaves" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'The bodies were lying on the roads like leaves'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502757448" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923329/the-bodies-were-lying-on-the-roads-like-leaves" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'The bodies were lying on the roads like leaves'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#6"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/14A69/production/_97258548_palace1024.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="The palace of Talaf Mahmudabad"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40864376/the-palace-in-india-where-time-stood-still" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The palace in India where time stood still</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502235253" data-datetime="9 August 2017">9 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40864376/the-palace-in-india-where-time-stood-still" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The palace in India where time stood still</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#7"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/51EC/production/_97327902_p05cctml.png" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Raj"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923331/one-day-i-ll-give-you-this-moon" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'One day I'll give you this moon'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502757389" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923331/one-day-i-ll-give-you-this-moon" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'One day I'll give you this moon'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#8"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/7943/production/_97234013_p05br10g.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Graphic from animation"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/40848391/my-story-we-fled-in-the-night" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">My story: 'We fled in the night'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502089992" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/news" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">News</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/40848391/my-story-we-fled-in-the-night" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article My story: 'We fled in the night'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#9"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/143F6/production/_97243928_munto.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Saadat Hasan Manto"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-india-40804561/iconic-author-on-the-madness-of-partition" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Iconic author on the madness of partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501715939" data-datetime="3 August 2017">3 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-india-40804561/iconic-author-on-the-madness-of-partition" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Iconic author on the madness of partition</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#10"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/3971/production/_97150741_de27.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Graphic showing Cyril Radcliffe"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40788079/the-man-who-drew-the-dividing-line" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The man who drew the dividing line</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501623919" data-datetime="1 August 2017">1 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40788079/the-man-who-drew-the-dividing-line" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The man who drew the dividing line</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#11"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/6D45/production/_97337972_p05cfxjp.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Indian conglomerate Mahindra & Mahindra was once Mahindra & Mohammed."></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40934301/the-indian-company-divided-by-partition" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The Indian company divided by partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502925983" data-datetime="17 August 2017">17 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40934301/the-indian-company-divided-by-partition" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The Indian company divided by partition</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#12"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/8C08/production/_97584853_p05dlvc8.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Cars in Delhi"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40927797/india-and-pakistan-economies-70-years-on" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">India and Pakistan economies: 70 years on</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1504005211" data-datetime="29 August 2017">29 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Business</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40927797/india-and-pakistan-economies-70-years-on" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article India and Pakistan economies: 70 years on</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#13"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/D357/production/_97330145_p05cd5sl.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Art Malik"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930219/we-are-all-equal-citizens-of-one-state" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'We are all equal citizens of one State'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502753318" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">UK</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930219/we-are-all-equal-citizens-of-one-state" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'We are all equal citizens of one State'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#14"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/3AFF/production/_97330151_p05cd5vv.jpg" data-width="464" data-height="261" data-alt="Roshan Seth"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930221/we-made-a-tryst-with-destiny" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'We made a tryst with destiny'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502752961" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">UK</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930221/we-made-a-tryst-with-destiny" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'We made a tryst with destiny'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#15"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/8E1B/production/_97397363_p05cgqln.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Jawaharlal Nehru and Mohammad Ali Jinnah"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-40942391/partition-70-years-on" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Partition... 70 years on</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502816474" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">World</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-40942391/partition-70-years-on" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Partition... 70 years on</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger-5" class="distinct-component-group "> <div class="robin sparrow-container"> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#1"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/E328/production/_97325185_img_5400.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Meena Vohra at her potter's wheel"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-40743593" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The woman as old as independent India</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502842673" data-datetime="16 August 2017">16 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-40743593" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The woman as old as independent India</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#2"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/18027/production/_97334389_mohammedbutt.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Mr Butt"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40927163" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The shopkeeper who lived through Kashmir's wars</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502925232" data-datetime="17 August 2017">17 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40927163" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The shopkeeper who lived through Kashmir's wars</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#3"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/75B6/production/_97243103_13june058.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Ahmar Mehmood a.k.a. Ahmar Badayuni (sic), and a tray of Badauni pedhe - taken inside Badauni Pedha House, Bank Road, Mardan"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40849101" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The family who brought an Indian sweet to Pakistan</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502499355" data-datetime="12 August 2017">12 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-40849101" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The family who brought an Indian sweet to Pakistan</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#4"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/155D0/production/_99440578_976x549-poonam-brighter6y4a.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Poonam - whose family lived through India's partition"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/partition_how_it_affected_me" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'A neighbour saved my mother's life’</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501078055" data-datetime="26 July 2017">26 July 2017</div></li> </ul> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/partition_how_it_affected_me" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'A neighbour saved my mother's life’</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#5"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/17AD7/production/_97338969_rowlatt_bbc_976.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Justin Rowlatt holds a picture of his great-grandfather Sidney Rowlatt"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-40887900" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The surname that was notorious in India</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502579941" data-datetime="13 August 2017">13 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-40887900" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The surname that was notorious in India</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#6"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/7614/production/_95282203_mediaitem95280173.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Bhagwan Singh Maini and Pritam Kaur"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-39362534" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Separated by borders - a love story</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1490571210" data-datetime="27 March 2017">27 March 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-39362534" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Separated by borders - a love story</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_2#7"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/E405/production/_97237385_capture.jpg" data-width="778" data-height="438" data-alt="BBC presenter Anita Rani"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p05b5fdg" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">BBC marks 70 years since partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502103489" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> </ul> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p05b5fdg" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article BBC marks 70 years since partition</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger-6" class="distinct-component-group "> <h2 class="group-title " data-entityid="#country_profiles"> Country profiles </h2> <div class="robin sparrow-container"> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_3#1"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/14586/production/_97243338_hi039866118.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Flag of India"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12557384" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">India</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502112439" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> </ul> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12557384" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article India</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_3#2"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/AD2E/production/_97243344_039885599.jpg" data-width="768" data-height="432" data-alt="Flag of Bangladesh"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12650940" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Bangladesh</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502112907" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> </ul> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12650940" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Bangladesh</a> </div> <div class="robin-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="guides_3#3"> <div class="robin-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/37FE/production/_97243341_hi040152731.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Flag of Pakistan"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="robin-item__body"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12965779" class="title-link"> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Pakistan</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502112618" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> </ul> </div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12965779" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Pakistan</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column--secondary"> <div id="bbccom_mpu_4" class="bbccom_slot mpu-ad" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.adverts && bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync('mpu', [4]); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> <div id="comp-candy-asset-munger-12" class="distinct-component-group container-condor wide-only"> <h2 class="group-title " data-entityid="#watch/listen"> Watch/listen </h2> <div class="condor sparrow-container"> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#1"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/03CC/production/_97327900_p05cctch.png" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Harchet"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923330/walking-for-11-days-to-reach-india" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Walking for 11 days to reach India</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502757427" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923330/walking-for-11-days-to-reach-india" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Walking for 11 days to reach India</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#2"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/12400/production/_97325747_p05ccg4q.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="The BBC's Secunder Kermani hears from a man who helped beat an Indian politician to death - and the victim's nephew."></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40926317/i-killed-a-man-during-partition" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'I killed a man' during Partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502713812" data-datetime="14 August 2017">14 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40926317/i-killed-a-man-during-partition" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'I killed a man' during Partition</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#3"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/CFCD/production/_97279135_p05c12g1.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Animation of Ismat and Jeetu"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40885756/forbidden-love-across-the-partition-divide" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Forbidden love across the partition divide</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502403425" data-datetime="10 August 2017">10 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><span id="dna-comment-count___CPS__40885756" class="js-comment-count comment-count" data-comments-id="__CPS__40885756"></span><span class="off-screen"> comments</span></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40885756/forbidden-love-across-the-partition-divide" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Forbidden love across the partition divide</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#4"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/12AA7/production/_97255467_p05bjbzc.png" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Binita’s father had to flee when his family’s home was attacked. Now she wants to find the people who helped him escape."></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40803822/returning-to-the-village-my-dad-fled" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'Returning to the village my dad fled'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502062032" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40803822/returning-to-the-village-my-dad-fled" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'Returning to the village my dad fled'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#5"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/A00C/production/_97327904_p05ccck8.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Iftkahr made a death-defying journey 70 years ago - and now he's told his son the story"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923329/the-bodies-were-lying-on-the-roads-like-leaves" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'The bodies were lying on the roads like leaves'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502757448" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923329/the-bodies-were-lying-on-the-roads-like-leaves" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'The bodies were lying on the roads like leaves'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#6"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/14A69/production/_97258548_palace1024.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="The palace of Talaf Mahmudabad"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40864376/the-palace-in-india-where-time-stood-still" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The palace in India where time stood still</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502235253" data-datetime="9 August 2017">9 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40864376/the-palace-in-india-where-time-stood-still" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The palace in India where time stood still</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#7"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/51EC/production/_97327902_p05cctml.png" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Raj"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923331/one-day-i-ll-give-you-this-moon" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'One day I'll give you this moon'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502757389" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Magazine</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/magazine-40923331/one-day-i-ll-give-you-this-moon" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'One day I'll give you this moon'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#8"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/7943/production/_97234013_p05br10g.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Graphic from animation"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/40848391/my-story-we-fled-in-the-night" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">My story: 'We fled in the night'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502089992" data-datetime="7 August 2017">7 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/news" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">News</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/40848391/my-story-we-fled-in-the-night" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article My story: 'We fled in the night'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#9"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/143F6/production/_97243928_munto.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Saadat Hasan Manto"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-india-40804561/iconic-author-on-the-madness-of-partition" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Iconic author on the madness of partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501715939" data-datetime="3 August 2017">3 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-india-40804561/iconic-author-on-the-madness-of-partition" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Iconic author on the madness of partition</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#10"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/3971/production/_97150741_de27.jpg" data-width="976" data-height="549" data-alt="Graphic showing Cyril Radcliffe"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40788079/the-man-who-drew-the-dividing-line" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The man who drew the dividing line</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1501623919" data-datetime="1 August 2017">1 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Asia</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-asia-40788079/the-man-who-drew-the-dividing-line" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The man who drew the dividing line</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#11"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/6D45/production/_97337972_p05cfxjp.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Indian conglomerate Mahindra & Mahindra was once Mahindra & Mohammed."></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40934301/the-indian-company-divided-by-partition" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">The Indian company divided by partition</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502925983" data-datetime="17 August 2017">17 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia/india" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">India</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40934301/the-indian-company-divided-by-partition" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article The Indian company divided by partition</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#12"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/8C08/production/_97584853_p05dlvc8.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Cars in Delhi"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40927797/india-and-pakistan-economies-70-years-on" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">India and Pakistan economies: 70 years on</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1504005211" data-datetime="29 August 2017">29 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">Business</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/business-40927797/india-and-pakistan-economies-70-years-on" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article India and Pakistan economies: 70 years on</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#13"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/D357/production/_97330145_p05cd5sl.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Art Malik"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930219/we-are-all-equal-citizens-of-one-state" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'We are all equal citizens of one State'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502753318" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">UK</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930219/we-are-all-equal-citizens-of-one-state" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'We are all equal citizens of one State'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#14"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/3AFF/production/_97330151_p05cd5vv.jpg" data-width="464" data-height="261" data-alt="Roshan Seth"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930221/we-made-a-tryst-with-destiny" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">'We made a tryst with destiny'</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502752961" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">UK</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40930221/we-made-a-tryst-with-destiny" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article 'We made a tryst with destiny'</a> </div> <div class="condor-item faux-block-link" data-entityid="av-stories-now#15"> <div class="condor-item__image"> <div class="responsive-image responsive-image--16by9"> <div class="responsive-image__inner-for-label"> <div class="js-delayed-image-load" data-src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116oe_/https://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/200/cpsprodpb/8E1B/production/_97397363_p05cgqln.jpg" data-width="1024" data-height="576" data-alt="Jawaharlal Nehru and Mohammad Ali Jinnah"></div>  <div class="responsive-image__media-and-live-label" aria-hidden="true"> <span class="badge-icon-only badge-icon-only--video-for-image"><span class="svg-icon svg-icon--video-dark"><span class="off-screen"> Video</span></span></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="condor-item__body"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-40942391/partition-70-years-on" class="title-link"> <span class="off-screen">Video </span> <h3 class="title-link__title"> <span class="title-link__title-text">Partition... 70 years on</span> </h3> </a> <ul class="mini-info-list"> <li class="mini-info-list__item"><div class="date date--v2" data-seconds="1502816474" data-datetime="15 August 2017">15 August 2017</div></li> <li class="mini-info-list__item mini-info-list__item--section"><span class="mini-info-list__section-desc off-screen">From the section </span><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world" class="mini-info-list__section" data-entityid="section-label">World</a></li> </ul> </div> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-40942391/partition-70-years-on" class="faux-block-link__overlay-link" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true">Full article Partition... 70 years on</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bbccom_mpu_bottom_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot mpu-bottom-ad" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.adverts && bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync('mpu_bottom', [1,2,3,4]); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> <div id="bbccom_adsense_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot adsense-ad" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.adverts && bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.adverts.slotAsync('adsense', [1,2,3,4]); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column--single-bottom"> <div id="comp-digest-2" class="hidden" data-post-load-url="/news/pattern-library-components?config_path=fix%2Fnews%2Fgenre%2Fmagazine-38683657&component_id=digest-2&presenter=pattern-library-presenter"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="core-navigation" class="navigation--footer"> <h2 class="navigation--footer__heading">BBC News Navigation</h2> <nav id="navigation--bottom" class="navigation navigation--bottom " role="navigation" aria-label="BBC News"> <span class="navigation-core-title">Sections</span> <ul class="navigation--bottom__toplevel"> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news" class=""> <span>Home</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-UK" class="navigation-arrow"> <span>UK</span> </a> <div class="navigation-panel navigation-panel--closed js-navigation-panel-UK"> <div class="navigation-panel__content"> <ul class="navigation-panel-secondary"> <li><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk"><span>UK Home</span></a></li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/england"><span>England</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/northern_ireland"><span>N. Ireland</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/scotland"><span>Scotland</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/naidheachdan"><span>Alba</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/wales"><span>Wales</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cymrufyw"><span>Cymru</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/localnews"><span>Local News</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-World" class="navigation-arrow"> <span>World</span> </a> <div class="navigation-panel navigation-panel--closed js-navigation-panel-World"> <div class="navigation-panel__content"> <ul class="navigation-panel-secondary"> <li><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world"><span>World Home</span></a></li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/africa"><span>Africa</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/asia"><span>Asia</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/australia"><span>Australia</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/europe"><span>Europe</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/latin_america"><span>Latin America</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/middle_east"><span>Middle East</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/us_and_canada"><span>US & Canada</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-Business" class="navigation-arrow"> <span>Business</span> </a> <div class="navigation-panel navigation-panel--closed js-navigation-panel-Business"> <div class="navigation-panel__content"> <ul class="navigation-panel-secondary"> <li><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business"><span>Business Home</span></a></li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/your_money"><span>Your Money</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/market_data"><span>Market Data</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/markets"><span>Markets</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/companies"><span>Companies</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business/economy"><span>Economy</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-Politics" class="navigation-arrow"> <span>Politics</span> </a> <div class="navigation-panel navigation-panel--closed js-navigation-panel-Politics"> <div class="navigation-panel__content"> <ul class="navigation-panel-secondary"> <li><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics"><span>Politics Home</span></a></li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/parliaments"><span>Parliaments</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/uk_leaves_the_eu"><span>Brexit</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology" class=""> <span>Tech</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science_and_environment" class=""> <span>Science</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health" class=""> <span>Health</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education" data-panel-id="js-navigation-panel-Family___Education" class="navigation-arrow"> <span>Family & Education</span> </a> <div class="navigation-panel navigation-panel--closed js-navigation-panel-Family___Education"> <div class="navigation-panel__content"> <ul class="navigation-panel-secondary"> <li><a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education"><span>Family & Education Home</span></a></li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/schoolreport"><span>School Report</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12686570"><span>Global Education</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment_and_arts" class=""> <span>Entertainment & Arts</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories" class=""> <span>Stories</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/video_and_audio/headlines" class=""> <span>Video & Audio</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in_pictures" class=""> <span>In Pictures</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat" class=""> <span>Newsbeat</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/realitycheck" class=""> <span>Reality Check</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/special_reports" class=""> <span>Special Reports</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/explainers" class=""> <span>Explainers</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/the_reporters" class=""> <span>The Reporters</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/have_your_say" class=""> <span>Have Your Say</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/disability" class=""> <span>Disability</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="comp-pattern-library-2" class="distinct-component-group "> <div id="bbc-news-services" class="blue-tit" role="navigation" aria-label="BBC News Services"> <div class="blue-tit__inner"> <h2 class="blue-tit__title">BBC News Services</h2> <ul class="blue-tit__list"> <li class="blue-tit__list-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10628994" class="blue-tit__list-item-link mobile">On your mobile</a> </li> <li class="blue-tit__list-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/help-17655000" class="blue-tit__list-item-link connected-tv">On your connected tv</a> </li> <li class="blue-tit__list-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10628323" class="blue-tit__list-item-link newsletter">Get news alerts</a> </li> <li class="blue-tit__list-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/20039682" class="blue-tit__list-item-link contact-us">Contact BBC News</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="orb-footer" class="orb-footer orb-footer-grey b-footer--grey--white"> <div id="navp-orb-footer-promo" class="orb-footer-grey"></div> <aside role="complementary"> <div id="orb-aside" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner" role="navigation"> <h2 class="orb-footer-lead">Explore the BBC</h2> <div class="orb-footer-primary-links"> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-home orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-homedotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/">Sport</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/">Weather</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">TV</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Radio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/">Food</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iwonder">iWonder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/education">Bitesize</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Arts</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/local/">Local</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tomorrowsworld orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tomorrowsworld">Tomorrow's World</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <footer role="contentinfo"> <div id="orb-contentinfo" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/terms/">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/">About the BBC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/cookies/about">Cookies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidance/">Parental Guidance</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/contact/">Contact the BBC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcnewsletter">Get Personalised Newsletters</a> </li> <li class=" orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://advertising.bbcworldwide.com/">Advertise with us</a> </li> <li class=" orb-w"> <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/cookies/international/">Ad choices</a> </li> </ul> <small> <span class="orb-hilight">Copyright © 2018 BBC.</span> The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. <a href="/web/20180202222116/http://www.bbc.co.uk/help/web/links/" class="orb-hilight">Read about our approach to external linking.</a> </small> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && window.bbcdotcom.analytics && bbcdotcom.config && !bbcdotcom.config.isSportApp()) { bbcdotcom.analytics.page(); } /*]]>*/ </script><noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/?c1=2&c2=19293874&ns_site=bbc&name=news.magazine-38683657" height="1" width="1" alt=""></noscript><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.write(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.postWrite(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled() && bbcdotcom.lotame){ bbcdotcom.lotame.write(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ /** * ASYNC waits to make any gpt requests until the bottom of the page */ if ( window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.ads && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isAsync && bbcdotcom.config.isAsync() ) { (function () { var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats === 1 && bbcdotcom.utils && window.location.pathname === '/' && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ) { var wwhpEdition = bbcdotcom.utils.getMetaPropertyContent('wwhp-edition'); var _sf_async_config={}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 50924; _sf_async_config.domain = "bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.title = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ' - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.sections = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ', Homepage - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.region = wwhpEdition; _sf_async_config.path = "/"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? '?'+wwhpEdition : ''); /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1 ) { var js_loaded=false, percent; if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isSherlockEnabled()) { document.write('<script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://stag.mdotlabs.com/ads.js">\x3C/script>'); if(document.location.protocol === "http:"){ document.write('<script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://stag.mdotlabs.com/sherlock.php?clientID=19293874">\x3C/script>'); } else { document.write('<script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://stag.mdotlabs.com/sherlock.php?clientID=19293874&sec=1">\x3C/script>'); } } } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyLast = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div> <script type="text/javascript" id="orb-js-script" data-assetpath="http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/orb.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { 'use strict'; var promoManager = { url: '', promoLoaded: false, makeUrl: function (theme, site, win) { var loc = win? win.location : window.location, proto = loc.protocol, host = loc.host, url = proto + '//' + ((proto.match(/s:/i) && !host.match(/^www\.(int|test)\./i))? 'ssl.' : 'www.'), themes = ['light', 'dark']; if ( host.match(/^(?:www|ssl|m)\.(int|test|stage|live)\.bbc\./i) ) { url += RegExp.$1 + '.'; } else if ( host.match(/^pal\.sandbox\./i) ) { url += 'test.'; } theme = themes[ +(theme === themes[0]) ]; return url + 'bbc.co.uk/navpromo/card/' + site + '/' + theme; }, init: function(node) { var disabledByCookie = (document.cookie.indexOf('ckns_orb_nopromo=1') > -1), that = this; if (window.promomanagerOverride) { for (var p in promomanagerOverride) { that[p] = promomanagerOverride[p]; } } if ( window.orb.fig('uk') && !disabledByCookie ) { require(['orb/async/_footerpromo', 'istats-1'], function(promo, istats) { var virtualSite = istats.getSite() || 'default'; that.url = (window.promomanagerOverride || that).makeUrl('light', virtualSite); if (that.url) { promo.load(that.url, node, { onSuccess: function(e) { if(e.status === 'success') { node.parentNode.className = node.parentNode.className + ' orb-footer-promo-loaded'; promoManager.promoLoaded = true; promoManager.event('promo-loaded').fire(e); } }, onError: function() { istats.log('error', 'orb-footer-promo-failed'); bbccookies.set('ckns_orb_nopromo=1; expires=' + new Date(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 60 * 10).toGMTString() + ';path=/;'); } }); } }); } } }; define('orb/promomanager', ['orb/lib/_event'], function (event) { event.mixin(promoManager); return promoManager; }); require(['orb/promomanager'], function (promoManager) { promoManager.init(document.getElementById('navp-orb-footer-promo')); }) })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> require.config({ paths: { "mybbc/templates": '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/templates', "mybbc/notifications": '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/js' } }); require(['mybbc/notifications/NotificationsMain', 'idcta/idcta-1'], function (NotificationsMain, idcta) { var loadNotifications = function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { NotificationsMain.run(idcta, '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/'); } }; var orbFig = window.orb.fig; if (typeof orbFig.load === 'function') { // Use new async API from Orbit orbFig.load(loadNotifications, loadNotifications); } else { // Use old sync-only API from PAL orbfig project loadNotifications(orbFig); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof require !== 'undefined') { require(['istats-1'], function(istats){ istats.track('external', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); istats.track('download', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (window.SEARCHBOX.suppress === false && window.SEARCHBOX.locale && /^en-?.*?/.test(window.SEARCHBOX.locale)) { require.config({ paths: { "search/searchbox": window.SEARCHBOX.searchboxAppStaticPrefix, "disco-layer": "//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/discovery-layer/0.0.1-225.3e98a7a/app" } }); require(['search/searchbox/searchboxDrawer'], function (SearchboxDrawer) { SearchboxDrawer.run(window.SEARCHBOX); }); var loadDiscoveryLayer = function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { require(['disco-layer'], function (discoLayer) { discoLayer.run("//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/discovery-layer/content/", "//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/discovery-layer/0.0.1-225.3e98a7a/main.css"); }); } }; var orbFig = window.orb.fig; if (typeof orbFig.load === 'function') { // Use new async API from Orbit orbFig.load(loadDiscoveryLayer); } else { // Use old sync-only API from PAL orbfig project loadDiscoveryLayer(orbFig); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript">require(["megavolt-client","istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(t,e,i){function o(){return"true"===l&&a&&t&&"function"==typeof t.getMVTIStatsLabels}function n(){!c&&o()?setTimeout(function(){e.invoke()},"500"):e.invoke()}var s=navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),a=!(s.indexOf("msie")>-1)||parseInt(s.split("msie")[1],10)>10,c=!1,l="true";if(i.isAllowed("s1"))try{if(o()&&t.getMVTIStatsLabels(function(t){e.addLabels(t),c=!0}),!require.s.contexts._.config.paths.idcta)return void n();require(["idcta/idcta-1"],function(t){t&&"function"==typeof t.getIStatsLabels&&e.addLabels(t.getIStatsLabels()),n()},function(t){throw t})}catch(t){console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&console.log("an exception occurred while adding idcta labels to istats, invoking istats without them",t),n()}});</script> </div> <script> window.old_onload = window.onload; window.onload = function() { if(window.old_onload) { window.old_onload(); } window.loaded = true; }; </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> /** CONFIGURATION START **/ var _sf_async_config = {}; _sf_async_config.uid = "50924"; _sf_async_config.domain = "www.bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.sections = "News, News - magazine, News - FIX, News - magazine - FIX, News - unknown";  _sf_async_config.path = "bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38683657"; (function() { var noCookies = true; var cookiePrefix = '_chartbeat'; if ("object" === typeof bbccookies && typeof bbccookies.readPolicy == 'function') { noCookies = !bbccookies.readPolicy().performance; } if (noCookies && document.cookie.indexOf(cookiePrefix) !== -1) { //Find and remove cookies whose names begin with '_chartbeat' var cookieSplit = document.cookie.split(';'); var cookieLength = cookieSplit.length; while (cookieLength--) { var cookie = cookieSplit[cookieLength].replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, ''); var cookieName = cookie.split('=')[0]; if (cookieName.indexOf(cookiePrefix) === 0) { document.cookie = cookieName + '=; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT; path=/;'; } } } _sf_async_config.noCookies = noCookies; }()); (function() { var cookiePrefix = 'ckpf_sylphid'; _sf_async_config.idSync = _sf_async_config.idSync || {}; if ( "object" === typeof bbccookies && typeof bbccookies.readPolicy == 'function' && bbccookies.readPolicy().performance && document.cookie.indexOf(cookiePrefix) !== -1 ) { var cookieSplit = document.cookie.split(';'); var cookieLength = cookieSplit.length; while (cookieLength--) { var cookie = cookieSplit[cookieLength].replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, ''); var cookieName = cookie.split('=')[0]; if (cookieName.indexOf(cookiePrefix) === 0) { _sf_async_config.idSync.bbc_hid = cookieSplit[cookieLength].split('=')[1]; break; } } } }()); /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; }()); </script>   <script> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "17986528"}); (function() { if ('object' === typeof bbccookies && bbccookies.cookiesEnabled() && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance')) { var s = document.createElement("script"); var el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); } })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202222116im_/http://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=17986528&cv=2.0&cj=1" alt="" class="image-hide"/> </noscript>  </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Partition - 70 years on - BBC News