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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">PATH (variable)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(inform%C3%A0tica)" title="PATH (informàtica) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="PATH (informàtica)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(prom%C4%9Bnn%C3%A1)" title="PATH (proměnná) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="PATH (proměnná)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suchpfad" title="Suchpfad – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Suchpfad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(inform%C3%A1tica)" title="PATH (informática) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="PATH (informática)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(%EB%B3%80%EC%88%98)" title="PATH (변수) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="PATH (변수)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(%E5%A4%89%E6%95%B0)" title="PATH (変数) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="PATH (変数)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(zmienna)" title="PATH (zmienna) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="PATH (zmienna)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F)" title="PATH (переменная) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="PATH (переменная)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%99%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="PATH (променљива) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="PATH (променљива)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(ymp%C3%A4rist%C3%B6muuttuja)" title="PATH (ympäristömuuttuja) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="PATH (ympäristömuuttuja)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F)" title="PATH (变量) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="PATH (变量)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q817775#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&oldid=1262876887" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=PATH_%28variable%29&id=1262876887&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Computer environment variable</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/PATH_(variable)" title="Special:EditPage/PATH (variable)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22PATH%22+variable">"PATH" variable</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22PATH%22+variable+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22PATH%22+variable&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22PATH%22+variable+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22PATH%22+variable">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22PATH%22+variable&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>PATH</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Environment_variable" title="Environment variable">environment variable</a> on <a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a>, <a href="/wiki/DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, specifying a set of <a href="/wiki/Directory_(file_systems)" class="mw-redirect" title="Directory (file systems)">directories</a> where executable programs are located. In general, each executing <a href="/wiki/Process_(computing)" title="Process (computing)">process</a> or <a href="/wiki/Login_session" title="Login session">user session</a> has its own PATH setting. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Multics" title="Multics">Multics</a> originated the idea of a search path. The early <a href="/wiki/Unix_shell" title="Unix shell">Unix shell</a> only looked for program names in <code>/bin</code>, but by <a href="/wiki/Version_3_Unix" class="mw-redirect" title="Version 3 Unix">Version 3 Unix</a> the directory was too large and <code>/usr/bin</code>, and a search path, became part of the operating system.<sup id="cite_ref-reader_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reader-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unix_and_Unix-like">Unix and Unix-like</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Unix and Unix-like"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On <a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a> and Unix-like operating systems, the <b><code>$PATH</code></b> variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by colon (<code>:</code>) characters.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Directories in the <code>PATH</code>-string are not meant to be escaped, making it impossible to have directories with <code>:</code> in their name.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <code>/bin</code>, <code>/usr/bin</code>, and <code>/usr/local/bin</code> directories are typically included in most users' <code>$PATH</code> setting (although this varies from implementation to implementation). The <a href="/wiki/Superuser" title="Superuser">superuser</a> also typically has <code>/sbin</code> and <code>/usr/sbin</code> entries for easily executing <a href="/wiki/System_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="System administration">system administration</a> commands. The current directory (<code>.</code>) is sometimes included by users as well, allowing programs residing in the <a href="/wiki/Current_working_directory" class="mw-redirect" title="Current working directory">current working directory</a> to be executed directly. System administrators as a rule do <i>not</i> include it in <code>$PATH</code> in order to prevent the accidental execution of scripts residing in the current directory, such as may be placed there by a malicious <a href="/wiki/Tarbomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarbomb">tarbomb</a>. In that case, executing such a program requires specifying an absolute (<code>/home/userjoe/bin/script.sh</code>) or relative path (<code>./script.sh</code>) on the command line. </p><p>When a command name is specified by the user or an <a href="/wiki/Exec_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exec (operating system)">exec</a> call is made from a program, the system searches through <code>$PATH</code>, examining each directory from left to right in the list, looking for a <a href="/wiki/Filename" title="Filename">filename</a> that matches the command name. Once found, the program is executed as a <a href="/wiki/Child_process" title="Child process">child process</a> of the command shell or program that issued the command. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DOS,_OS/2,_and_Windows"><span id="DOS.2C_OS.2F2.2C_and_Windows"></span>DOS, OS/2, and Windows</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: DOS, OS/2, and Windows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On DOS, OS/2, and Windows operating systems, the <b><code>%PATH%</code></b> variable is specified as a list of one or more directory names separated by semicolon (<code>;</code>) characters.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Windows system directory (typically <code>C:\WINDOWS\system32</code>) is typically the first directory in the path, followed by many (but not all) of the directories for installed software packages. Many programs do not appear in the path as they are not designed to be executed from a <a href="/wiki/Command_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Command shell">command window</a>, but rather from a <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a>. Some programs may add their directory to the front of the PATH variable's content during installation, to speed up the search process and/or override OS commands. In the DOS era, it was customary to add a <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-dosbatch mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="k">PATH</span> {program directory};<span class="nv">%PATH%</span></code> or <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-dosbatch mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="k">SET</span> <span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="p">=</span>{program directory};<span class="nv">%PATH%</span></code> line to <a href="/wiki/AUTOEXEC.BAT" title="AUTOEXEC.BAT">AUTOEXEC.BAT</a>. </p><p>When a command is entered in a command shell or a system call is made by a program to execute a program, the system first searches the <a href="/wiki/Current_working_directory" class="mw-redirect" title="Current working directory">current working directory</a> and then searches the path, examining each directory from left to right, looking for an <a href="/wiki/Executable" title="Executable">executable</a> filename that matches the command name given. Executable programs have <a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">filename extensions</a> of <code><a href="/wiki/EXE" class="mw-redirect" title="EXE">EXE</a></code> or <code><a href="/wiki/COM_file" title="COM file">COM</a></code>, and batch scripts have extensions of <code><a href="/wiki/Batch_file" title="Batch file">BAT</a></code> or <code><a href="/wiki/CMD_file_(CP/M)" title="CMD file (CP/M)">CMD</a></code>. Other executable filename extensions can be registered with the system as well. </p><p>Once a matching executable file is found, the system <a href="/wiki/Spawn_(computing)" title="Spawn (computing)">spawns</a> a new process that runs it. </p><p>The PATH variable makes it easy to run commonly used programs located in their own folders. If used unwisely, however, the value of the PATH variable can slow down the operating system by searching too many locations, or invalid locations. </p><p>Invalid locations can also <i>stop</i> services from running altogether, especially the 'Server' service which is usually a dependency for other services within a Windows Server environment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-reader-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-reader_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcIlroy1987" class="citation techreport cs1"><a href="/wiki/Doug_McIlroy" class="mw-redirect" title="Doug McIlroy">McIlroy, M. D.</a> (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~doug/reader.pdf"><i>A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the Programmer's Manual, 1971–1986</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Technical report). CSTR. Bell Labs. 139.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=A+Research+Unix+reader%3A+annotated+excerpts+from+the+Programmer%27s+Manual%2C+1971%E2%80%931986&rft.series=CSTR&rft.pub=Bell+Labs&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=McIlroy&rft.aufirst=M.+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.dartmouth.edu%2F~doug%2Freader.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APATH+%28variable%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/basedefs/xbd_chap08.html#tag_08_03">Open Group Unix Specification, Environment Variables</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/functions/execve.html">Open Group Unix Specification, execve() function</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/dash/dash.git/tree/src/exec.c?h=v0.5.9.1&id=afe0e0152e4dc12d84be3c02d6d62b0456d68580#n173">Dash exec.c as an example of an implementation of a PATH-string parser</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa922003.aspx">Microsoft.com, PATH command</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&oldid=1262876887">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PATH_(variable)&oldid=1262876887</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_file_systems" title="Category:Computer file systems">Computer file systems</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environment_variables" title="Category:Environment variables">Environment variables</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_August_2014" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from August 2014">Articles needing additional references from August 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 December 2024, at 14:49<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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