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class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124316/Measurement_of_time_averaged_isometric_force_after_exposure_to_NO"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of time-averaged isometric force after exposure to NO" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124316/Measurement_of_time_averaged_isometric_force_after_exposure_to_NO">Measurement of time-averaged isometric force after exposure to NO</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">&lt;p&gt;A: A streptavidin-coated bead is held in a laser trap and touched to the trailing (+) en...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">&lt;p&gt;A: A streptavidin-coated bead is held in a laser trap and touched to the trailing (+) end of a moving, biotinylated, TRITC-phalloidin labeled actin filament. Displacement of the bead from trap center was followed using back focal plane interferometry &lt;a href=&quot;<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Allersma1&quot" rel="nofollow">http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Allersma1&quot</a>; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;[34]&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Guilford1&quot" rel="nofollow">http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Guilford1&quot</a>; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;[35]&lt;/a&gt;. B: Force versus number of potentially bound, force-generating heads (a reflection of filament length) for three conditions, control (•, black lines), 10 µM DEA NONOate (○, red lines) and 100 µM DEA NONOate (▾, green lines). Steeper slopes indicate proportionately higher forces per head. Solid lines indicate the regression fit, while the dashed lines show 95% confidence intervals. Each data point is an independent force measurement (N = 25, 20 and 10 for 0, 10, and 100 µM DEA NONOate respectively). C: Mixtures experiment for rat cardiac myosin. The line shows the fit of equation 1 from Harris et al. &lt;a href=&quot;<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Harris1&quot" rel="nofollow">http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Harris1&quot</a>; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt; yielding a relative force production 2.1-fold higher after DEA NONOate-treated compared to control. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124314"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124314/Clinician_engineer_Career_Bias_and_Its_Relationship_to_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy_among_Biomedical_Engineering_Undergraduates"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Clinician-engineer Career Bias and Its Relationship to Engineering Design Self-efficacy among Biomedical Engineering Undergraduates" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93773362/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124314/Clinician_engineer_Career_Bias_and_Its_Relationship_to_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy_among_Biomedical_Engineering_Undergraduates">Clinician-engineer Career Bias and Its Relationship to Engineering Design Self-efficacy among Biomedical Engineering Undergraduates</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ebddc8b39b43d5ccea0bb720259abe55" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93773362,"asset_id":90124314,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93773362/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124314"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124314"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124314; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124313"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124313/Special_Issue_Cytoskeleton_Cell_Adhesion_and_Motility"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Special Issue: Cytoskeleton, Cell Adhesion, and Motility" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93773326/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124313/Special_Issue_Cytoskeleton_Cell_Adhesion_and_Motility">Special Issue: Cytoskeleton, Cell Adhesion, and Motility</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering</span><span>, May 27, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="281a3c9880ff8d189efd55ed9f4d49b3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93773326,"asset_id":90124313,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93773326/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124313"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124313"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124313; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124312"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124312/A_novel_remote_sensing_isometric_force_transducer_for_micromechanics_studies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A novel remote-sensing isometric force transducer for micromechanics studies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124312/A_novel_remote_sensing_isometric_force_transducer_for_micromechanics_studies">A novel remote-sensing isometric force transducer for micromechanics studies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology</span><span>, 1992</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We have developed an innovative transducer for measuring force with femtonewton-to-micronewton re...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We have developed an innovative transducer for measuring force with femtonewton-to-micronewton resolution in biological systems. A magnetic microsphere is attached to the specimen being studied and is positioned between two electromagnets. Video microscopy and edge detection are used to monitor small movements of the microsphere that occur when the specimen generates force. An automatic control system adjusts the current through the electromagnets to keep the microsphere stationary. Measured force is a linear function of this current. This transducer is unique in its combination of sensitivity and isometric properties and its ability to measure force without direct connections to the specimen. That is, the transducer is “remote sensing” and can measure force through intervening membrane or tissue. The transducer is isometric at steady state to the limit at which displacement of the microsphere can be resolved, which can be as low as 19 nm. The completed system is being used to study...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124312"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124312"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124312; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124312]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124312]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124312; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124312']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124312]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124312,"title":"A novel remote-sensing isometric force transducer for micromechanics studies","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124312/A_novel_remote_sensing_isometric_force_transducer_for_micromechanics_studies","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124311"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124311/The_molecular_mechanics_of_smooth_muscle_myosin_1_Presented_in_part_at_the_1996_American_Thoracic_Society_Assembly_on_Respiratory_Structure_and_Function_Symposium_Myosin_Structure_and_Function_in_Smooth_and_Skeletal_Muscle_1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The molecular mechanics of smooth muscle myosin 1 Presented in part at the 1996 American Thoracic Society Assembly on Respiratory Structure and Function Symposium ‘Myosin Structure and Function in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle’. 1" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124311/The_molecular_mechanics_of_smooth_muscle_myosin_1_Presented_in_part_at_the_1996_American_Thoracic_Society_Assembly_on_Respiratory_Structure_and_Function_Symposium_Myosin_Structure_and_Function_in_Smooth_and_Skeletal_Muscle_1">The molecular mechanics of smooth muscle myosin 1 Presented in part at the 1996 American Thoracic Society Assembly on Respiratory Structure and Function Symposium ‘Myosin Structure and Function in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle’. 1</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</span><span>, Mar 1, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124311"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124311]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124311']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124311]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124311,"title":"The molecular mechanics of smooth muscle myosin 1 Presented in part at the 1996 American Thoracic Society Assembly on Respiratory Structure and Function Symposium ‘Myosin Structure and Function in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle’. 1","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124311/The_molecular_mechanics_of_smooth_muscle_myosin_1_Presented_in_part_at_the_1996_American_Thoracic_Society_Assembly_on_Respiratory_Structure_and_Function_Symposium_Myosin_Structure_and_Function_in_Smooth_and_Skeletal_Muscle_1","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124310"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124310/Laser_Traps_in_Cell_Biology_and_Biophysics"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Laser Traps in Cell Biology and Biophysics" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124310/Laser_Traps_in_Cell_Biology_and_Biophysics">Laser Traps in Cell Biology and Biophysics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Methods in Cellular Imaging</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Steven Block of Stanford University, a leader in biological applications of laser traps, often de...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Steven Block of Stanford University, a leader in biological applications of laser traps, often describes these traps as “the closest thing science has devised to the ‘tractor beam” of Star Trek fame. This is not far from the truth. While they only work at the level of microscopic particles (rather than spacecraft), laser traps capture and hold objects in three-dimensional space using only a beam of light.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124310"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124310; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124310]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124310']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124310]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124310,"title":"Laser Traps in Cell Biology and Biophysics","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124310/Laser_Traps_in_Cell_Biology_and_Biophysics","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124309"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124309/A_Quantitative_Comparison_of_Blocking_Agents_in_the_In_Vitro_Motility_Assay"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Quantitative Comparison of Blocking Agents in the In Vitro Motility Assay" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124309/A_Quantitative_Comparison_of_Blocking_Agents_in_the_In_Vitro_Motility_Assay">A Quantitative Comparison of Blocking Agents in the In Vitro Motility Assay</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Blocking agents are used to prevent non-specific binding and stabilize motor proteins, both in pr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Blocking agents are used to prevent non-specific binding and stabilize motor proteins, both in prospective nano-scale devices and in vitro assays of motor function. Sacrificial proteins such as bovine serum albumin and casein are typically used. However, these may introduce unwanted nonspecific interactions, and may also not be appropriate for all experimental or device applications. We therefore compared actomyosin function in the motility assay when blocked with proteins and synthetic polymers. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) preserved higher actin filament velocities and motile fractions than traditional protein blocking agents, while polymers based on polyethylene glycol had a deleterious effect. PVP also supports motility by other motor systems. The data suggest a model in which differential preservation of actomyosin function by blocking agents results from myosin adsorbing to surfaces in different orientations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124309"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124309"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124309; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124309]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124309]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124309; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124309']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124309]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124309,"title":"A Quantitative Comparison of Blocking Agents in the In Vitro Motility Assay","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124309/A_Quantitative_Comparison_of_Blocking_Agents_in_the_In_Vitro_Motility_Assay","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124268"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124268/Improved_retention_and_recall_with_a_peer_reviewed_writing_assignment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improved retention and recall with a peer reviewed writing assignment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93773329/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124268/Improved_retention_and_recall_with_a_peer_reviewed_writing_assignment">Improved retention and recall with a peer reviewed writing assignment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="506b6ee7477f97b9ee27cc03aae19350" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93773329,"asset_id":90124268,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93773329/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124268"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124268"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124268; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124268]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124268; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124268']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620846"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620846/Use_Of_An_Audience_Response_System_For_Continuous_Summative_Assessment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use Of An Audience Response System For Continuous Summative Assessment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578647/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620846/Use_Of_An_Audience_Response_System_For_Continuous_Summative_Assessment">Use Of An Audience Response System For Continuous Summative Assessment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Audience response systems (ARS) have been used extensively for formative assessment and active le...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Audience response systems (ARS) have been used extensively for formative assessment and active learning in lecture-based courses. It is not known, however, if they can be successfully used in large classroom settings as the medium for delivering summative assessments. We used an ARS to deliver daily quizzes in lieu of exams to students in a course on cell and molecular biology for engineers. We found that ARS can be used for frequent assessment with instant feedback to the students and with minimal work by the instructor, with exactly the same learning outcomes as paper-based exams. Introduction Audience response systems (ARS, also known as “clickers”) have been used extensively for formative assessment – helping students determine for themselves whether or not they understand the material, and breaking up rote lectures with an active learning activity. There is an extensive literature on their use and efficacy in these regards. While it is disputed whether ARS use improves student ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="977dc3bdc0a9108c50753385e47c6a02" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578647,"asset_id":84620846,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578647/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620846"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620846"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620846; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84620846]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84620846]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620846; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84620846']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620845"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620845/An_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_Lieu_of_Final_Reports_for_a_Design_Course"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Online Team-Based Practical Exam in Lieu of Final Reports for a Design Course" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578648/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620845/An_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_Lieu_of_Final_Reports_for_a_Design_Course">An Online Team-Based Practical Exam in Lieu of Final Reports for a Design Course</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biomedical Engineering Education</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">CHALLENGE Anecdote suggests that the abrupt transition of university courses to wholly online ins...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">CHALLENGE Anecdote suggests that the abrupt transition of university courses to wholly online instruction was especially difficult for engineering design courses. Design courses have evolved toward team-based activities, hands-on building and testing, and the availability of fabrication equipment and other facilities. As the pandemic set in, instructors sought meaningful online opportunities to interact with students in their BME design courses, for students to work together as teams, and means for providing fair and meaningful assessments. We here address summative assessment in a teambased design course and suggest that an online practical exam can in many cases be a preferable alternative to final design papers or comprehensive final exams, regardless of whether the class is delivered online or inperson. Indeed, there is evidence that among the several options for assessment-selected response, extended written response, performance assessments, and direct communication 9-practical exams (a form of performance assessment) are better measures of student learning than are written reports 3-a common staple of engineering design assessment. The most important and challenging factor in assessment is to match the assessment method to the intended goal. 9 Performance assessment seems to be a clear choice for a class whose goal is to instill the hands-on skills needed to engage in the engineering design process for clinical devices. We are aware of no reports on the use of practical exams during remote or online learning, and few reports of practical exams in biomedical engineering courses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bd7c8a002760b1b0ae7edcb2679cddaf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578648,"asset_id":84620845,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578648/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620845"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620845"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620845; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bd7c8a002760b1b0ae7edcb2679cddaf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=84620845]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":84620845,"title":"An Online Team-Based Practical Exam in Lieu of Final Reports for a Design Course","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84620845/An_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_Lieu_of_Final_Reports_for_a_Design_Course","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[{"id":89578648,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578648/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s43683-020-00030-z.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578648/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"An_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_L.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/89578648/s43683-020-00030-z-libre.pdf?1660396120=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAn_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_L.pdf\u0026Expires=1740231428\u0026Signature=EuQlO1B5W0FbYBCaiFuZu-dEoyzf6JVbkTfSf-npBzjEVWK4LAhlnOnZKKwyUEqej4wtz1EglAaWR9yfZgJbxuzFH30YE2N~sy7h6~bX5BbcNHFJEnzB-rQ0iDVfthOwKuNjGev7kKJLZR50rSPapzVOmVsztur3ZO8TXe-grAzUFFJ2dj6jKnuej9eZLaxc7z-VVKgFfaOh0cEH8PAx3NfYVc~GiDfyz~dVdjOV7IZqG9RzeNzwWrFzHp7WfSBFk1YiASGjVe9zl8FclzE69IuggR2X~opI2AqYGKrd3YoV0kWtqCc5TATUkf3vD~6MOyBZHjIBcI4lJdDxZM6uaQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620844"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620844/A_Skills_focused_Approach_to_Teaching_Design_Fundamentals_to_Large_Numbers_of_Students_and_Its_Effect_on_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Skills-focused Approach to Teaching Design Fundamentals to Large Numbers of Students and Its Effect on Engineering Design Self-efficacy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578728/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620844/A_Skills_focused_Approach_to_Teaching_Design_Fundamentals_to_Large_Numbers_of_Students_and_Its_Effect_on_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy">A Skills-focused Approach to Teaching Design Fundamentals to Large Numbers of Students and Its Effect on Engineering Design Self-efficacy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont under David Warshaw. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3b21a2ae82c0834e62596ce4e45b44b0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578728,"asset_id":84620844,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578728/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620844"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620844"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620844; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620843"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620843/First_year_engineering_students_are_strikingly_impoverished_in_their_self_concept_as_professional_engineers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of First year engineering students are strikingly impoverished in their self-concept as professional engineers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578727/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620843/First_year_engineering_students_are_strikingly_impoverished_in_their_self_concept_as_professional_engineers">First year engineering students are strikingly impoverished in their self-concept as professional engineers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fred is Co-Principal Investigator and Director of The Full Potential Initiative, an NSF-funded lo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fred is Co-Principal Investigator and Director of The Full Potential Initiative, an NSF-funded longitudinal study of the development and influence of implicit attitudes about intellectual ability and academic belonging. His findings have demonstrated that biased implicit associations in the minds of students, teachers and professionals are not simple functions of the stereotypes in their environment, but vary predictably with their personal experiences and identities. Female and male scientists, for example, differ greatly in the strength of their implicit stereotype of science as male (weak stereotyping among the women but strong among the men), even though they are both equally aware of the cultural stereotype. A key ongoing focus of his research is on the causal role that such varying implicit associations may play in shaping identities and contributing to perseverance in scientific studies and careers. Fred's publication topics have included comparisons of web-and laboratory-based implicit cognition experiments, the relationship between implicit and explicit attitude measures, ethnic and gender differences in science graduation at selective colleges, and standardized testing in college admission.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a6ecc740c15f61cac634c68cf0dcaa16" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578727,"asset_id":84620843,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578727/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620843"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620843"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620843; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620842"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620842/Learner_Satisfaction_and_Quality_of_Student_Faculty_Interactions_in_Traditional_vs_Blended_Classrooms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Learner Satisfaction and Quality of Student-Faculty Interactions in Traditional vs. Blended Classrooms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578722/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620842/Learner_Satisfaction_and_Quality_of_Student_Faculty_Interactions_in_Traditional_vs_Blended_Classrooms">Learner Satisfaction and Quality of Student-Faculty Interactions in Traditional vs. Blended Classrooms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Brian's research interests include cardiovascular physiology, cellular mechanobiology, and nanote...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Brian's research interests include cardiovascular physiology, cellular mechanobiology, and nanotechnology-based biomaterials. He is also interested in technology-enhanced teaching and in experiential learning for undergraduates in science and engineering.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8d7e95ef19fc95b9e6346557dd7ebe7e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578722,"asset_id":84620842,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578722/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620842"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620842"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620842; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620841"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620841/A_Course_in_Biomaterials_Taught_Using_the_Socratic_Method"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Course in Biomaterials Taught Using the Socratic Method" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578721/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620841/A_Course_in_Biomaterials_Taught_Using_the_Socratic_Method">A Course in Biomaterials Taught Using the Socratic Method</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d602303a1072f56ece54ab672c3b61f0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578721,"asset_id":84620841,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578721/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620841"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620841"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620841; 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He received his B.S. in Biology and Chemistry from Saint Francis College in F...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">in Charlottesville. He received his B.S. in Biology and Chemistry from Saint Francis College in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona in Tucson. Will's research focuses on the biomechanics of single molecules involved in muscle contraction and cell movement.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6c8c33397c9d625ce2075f8c86a624e4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578723,"asset_id":84620840,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578723/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620840"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620840"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620840; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620839"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620839/The_Forgotten_Steps_of_Engineering_Design_Design_Build_Experiences_and_their_Downstream_Effect_on_Capstone_Design_Projects"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Forgotten Steps of Engineering Design: Design-Build Experiences and their Downstream Effect on Capstone Design Projects" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578718/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620839/The_Forgotten_Steps_of_Engineering_Design_Design_Build_Experiences_and_their_Downstream_Effect_on_Capstone_Design_Projects">The Forgotten Steps of Engineering Design: Design-Build Experiences and their Downstream Effect on Capstone Design Projects</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont under David Warshaw. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c24dcd9441065869890dbb1d3efe84ed" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578718,"asset_id":84620839,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578718/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620839"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620839"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620839; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620838"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620838/Summative_versus_formative_assessments_in_teaching_physiology_to_biomedical_engineering_students_a_comparison_of_outcomes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Summative versus formative assessments in teaching physiology to biomedical engineering students: a comparison of outcomes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578720/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620838/Summative_versus_formative_assessments_in_teaching_physiology_to_biomedical_engineering_students_a_comparison_of_outcomes">Summative versus formative assessments in teaching physiology to biomedical engineering students: a comparison of outcomes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont under David Warshaw. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c8a2bbbbc0a999da449c70e50a7d4cac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578720,"asset_id":84620838,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578720/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620838"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620838"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620838; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620837"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620837/Nutrients_influence_the_dynamics_of_Klebsiella_pneumoniae_carbapenemase_producing_enterobacterales_in_transplanted_hospital_sinks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nutrients influence the dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producing enterobacterales in transplanted hospital sinks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578716/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620837/Nutrients_influence_the_dynamics_of_Klebsiella_pneumoniae_carbapenemase_producing_enterobacterales_in_transplanted_hospital_sinks">Nutrients influence the dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producing enterobacterales in transplanted hospital sinks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Water Research</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Antimicrobial resistance has been recognized as a threat to human health. The role of hospital si...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Antimicrobial resistance has been recognized as a threat to human health. The role of hospital sinks acting as a reservoir for some of the most concerning antibiotic resistant organisms, carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is evident but not well understood. Strategies to prevent establishment, interventions to eliminate these reservoirs and factors which drive persistence of CPE are not well established. We use a uniquely designed sink lab to transplant CPE colonized hospital sink plumbing with an aim to understand CPE dynamics in a controlled setting, notably exploiting both molecular and culture techniques. After ex situ installation the CPE population in the sink plumbing drop from previously detectable to undetectable levels. The addition of nutrients is followed by a quick rebound in CPE detection in the sinks after as many as 37 days. We did not however detect a significant shift in microbial community structure or the overall resistance gene carriage in longitudinal samples from a subset of these transplanted sinks using whole shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Comparing nutrient types in a benchtop culture study model, protein rich nutrients appear to be the most supportive for CPE growth and biofilm formation ability. The role of nutrients exposure is determining factor for maintaining a high bioburden of CPE in the sink drains and P-traps. Therefore, limiting nutrient disposal into sinks has reasonable potential with regard to decreasing the CPE wastewater burden, especially in hospitals seeking to control an environmental reservoir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b3524e6db826937d64ba28e6b742336a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578716,"asset_id":84620837,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578716/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620837"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620837"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620837; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620836"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620836/S_nitrosylation_of_cytoskeletal_proteins"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of S‐nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578646/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620836/S_nitrosylation_of_cytoskeletal_proteins">S‐nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cytoskeleton</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as Guilford,et al., (2019), S-nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6ec978fcdd016a4868ad772357aa7082" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578646,"asset_id":84620836,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578646/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620836"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620836"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620836; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4449699" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124316"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124316/Measurement_of_time_averaged_isometric_force_after_exposure_to_NO"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of time-averaged isometric force after exposure to NO" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124316/Measurement_of_time_averaged_isometric_force_after_exposure_to_NO">Measurement of time-averaged isometric force after exposure to NO</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">&lt;p&gt;A: A streptavidin-coated bead is held in a laser trap and touched to the trailing (+) en...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">&lt;p&gt;A: A streptavidin-coated bead is held in a laser trap and touched to the trailing (+) end of a moving, biotinylated, TRITC-phalloidin labeled actin filament. Displacement of the bead from trap center was followed using back focal plane interferometry &lt;a href=&quot;<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Allersma1&quot" rel="nofollow">http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Allersma1&quot</a>; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;[34]&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Guilford1&quot" rel="nofollow">http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Guilford1&quot</a>; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;[35]&lt;/a&gt;. B: Force versus number of potentially bound, force-generating heads (a reflection of filament length) for three conditions, control (•, black lines), 10 µM DEA NONOate (○, red lines) and 100 µM DEA NONOate (▾, green lines). Steeper slopes indicate proportionately higher forces per head. Solid lines indicate the regression fit, while the dashed lines show 95% confidence intervals. Each data point is an independent force measurement (N = 25, 20 and 10 for 0, 10, and 100 µM DEA NONOate respectively). C: Mixtures experiment for rat cardiac myosin. The line shows the fit of equation 1 from Harris et al. &lt;a href=&quot;<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Harris1&quot" rel="nofollow">http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0011209#pone.0011209-Harris1&quot</a>; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt; yielding a relative force production 2.1-fold higher after DEA NONOate-treated compared to control. N = 3.&lt;/p</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124316"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124316"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124316; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124316]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124316]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124314"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124314/Clinician_engineer_Career_Bias_and_Its_Relationship_to_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy_among_Biomedical_Engineering_Undergraduates"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Clinician-engineer Career Bias and Its Relationship to Engineering Design Self-efficacy among Biomedical Engineering Undergraduates" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/93773362/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124314/Clinician_engineer_Career_Bias_and_Its_Relationship_to_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy_among_Biomedical_Engineering_Undergraduates">Clinician-engineer Career Bias and Its Relationship to Engineering Design Self-efficacy among Biomedical Engineering Undergraduates</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ebddc8b39b43d5ccea0bb720259abe55" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":93773362,"asset_id":90124314,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/93773362/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124314"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124314"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124314; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124312"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124312/A_novel_remote_sensing_isometric_force_transducer_for_micromechanics_studies"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A novel remote-sensing isometric force transducer for micromechanics studies" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124312/A_novel_remote_sensing_isometric_force_transducer_for_micromechanics_studies">A novel remote-sensing isometric force transducer for micromechanics studies</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology</span><span>, 1992</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We have developed an innovative transducer for measuring force with femtonewton-to-micronewton re...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We have developed an innovative transducer for measuring force with femtonewton-to-micronewton resolution in biological systems. A magnetic microsphere is attached to the specimen being studied and is positioned between two electromagnets. Video microscopy and edge detection are used to monitor small movements of the microsphere that occur when the specimen generates force. An automatic control system adjusts the current through the electromagnets to keep the microsphere stationary. Measured force is a linear function of this current. This transducer is unique in its combination of sensitivity and isometric properties and its ability to measure force without direct connections to the specimen. That is, the transducer is “remote sensing” and can measure force through intervening membrane or tissue. The transducer is isometric at steady state to the limit at which displacement of the microsphere can be resolved, which can be as low as 19 nm. The completed system is being used to study...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124312"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124312"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124312; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124312]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124312]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124312; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124312']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124312]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124312,"title":"A novel remote-sensing isometric force transducer for micromechanics studies","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124312/A_novel_remote_sensing_isometric_force_transducer_for_micromechanics_studies","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124311"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124311/The_molecular_mechanics_of_smooth_muscle_myosin_1_Presented_in_part_at_the_1996_American_Thoracic_Society_Assembly_on_Respiratory_Structure_and_Function_Symposium_Myosin_Structure_and_Function_in_Smooth_and_Skeletal_Muscle_1"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The molecular mechanics of smooth muscle myosin 1 Presented in part at the 1996 American Thoracic Society Assembly on Respiratory Structure and Function Symposium ‘Myosin Structure and Function in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle’. 1" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124311/The_molecular_mechanics_of_smooth_muscle_myosin_1_Presented_in_part_at_the_1996_American_Thoracic_Society_Assembly_on_Respiratory_Structure_and_Function_Symposium_Myosin_Structure_and_Function_in_Smooth_and_Skeletal_Muscle_1">The molecular mechanics of smooth muscle myosin 1 Presented in part at the 1996 American Thoracic Society Assembly on Respiratory Structure and Function Symposium ‘Myosin Structure and Function in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle’. 1</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</span><span>, Mar 1, 1998</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124311"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124311]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124311']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124311]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124311,"title":"The molecular mechanics of smooth muscle myosin 1 Presented in part at the 1996 American Thoracic Society Assembly on Respiratory Structure and Function Symposium ‘Myosin Structure and Function in Smooth and Skeletal Muscle’. 1","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124311/The_molecular_mechanics_of_smooth_muscle_myosin_1_Presented_in_part_at_the_1996_American_Thoracic_Society_Assembly_on_Respiratory_Structure_and_Function_Symposium_Myosin_Structure_and_Function_in_Smooth_and_Skeletal_Muscle_1","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124310"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124310/Laser_Traps_in_Cell_Biology_and_Biophysics"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Laser Traps in Cell Biology and Biophysics" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124310/Laser_Traps_in_Cell_Biology_and_Biophysics">Laser Traps in Cell Biology and Biophysics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Methods in Cellular Imaging</span><span>, 2001</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Steven Block of Stanford University, a leader in biological applications of laser traps, often de...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Steven Block of Stanford University, a leader in biological applications of laser traps, often describes these traps as “the closest thing science has devised to the ‘tractor beam” of Star Trek fame. This is not far from the truth. While they only work at the level of microscopic particles (rather than spacecraft), laser traps capture and hold objects in three-dimensional space using only a beam of light.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124310"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124310; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124310]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124310']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=90124310]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":90124310,"title":"Laser Traps in Cell Biology and Biophysics","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90124310/Laser_Traps_in_Cell_Biology_and_Biophysics","owner_id":41935232,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":41935232,"first_name":"William","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Guilford","page_name":"WilliamGuilford","domain_name":"virginia","created_at":"2016-01-22T17:54:05.039-08:00","display_name":"William Guilford","url":"https://virginia.academia.edu/WilliamGuilford"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="90124309"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124309/A_Quantitative_Comparison_of_Blocking_Agents_in_the_In_Vitro_Motility_Assay"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Quantitative Comparison of Blocking Agents in the In Vitro Motility Assay" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/90124309/A_Quantitative_Comparison_of_Blocking_Agents_in_the_In_Vitro_Motility_Assay">A Quantitative Comparison of Blocking Agents in the In Vitro Motility Assay</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Blocking agents are used to prevent non-specific binding and stabilize motor proteins, both in pr...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Blocking agents are used to prevent non-specific binding and stabilize motor proteins, both in prospective nano-scale devices and in vitro assays of motor function. Sacrificial proteins such as bovine serum albumin and casein are typically used. However, these may introduce unwanted nonspecific interactions, and may also not be appropriate for all experimental or device applications. We therefore compared actomyosin function in the motility assay when blocked with proteins and synthetic polymers. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) preserved higher actin filament velocities and motile fractions than traditional protein blocking agents, while polymers based on polyethylene glycol had a deleterious effect. PVP also supports motility by other motor systems. The data suggest a model in which differential preservation of actomyosin function by blocking agents results from myosin adsorbing to surfaces in different orientations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="90124309"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="90124309"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124309; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124268]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=90124268]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 90124268; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='90124268']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620846"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620846/Use_Of_An_Audience_Response_System_For_Continuous_Summative_Assessment"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use Of An Audience Response System For Continuous Summative Assessment" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578647/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620846/Use_Of_An_Audience_Response_System_For_Continuous_Summative_Assessment">Use Of An Audience Response System For Continuous Summative Assessment</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Audience response systems (ARS) have been used extensively for formative assessment and active le...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Audience response systems (ARS) have been used extensively for formative assessment and active learning in lecture-based courses. It is not known, however, if they can be successfully used in large classroom settings as the medium for delivering summative assessments. We used an ARS to deliver daily quizzes in lieu of exams to students in a course on cell and molecular biology for engineers. We found that ARS can be used for frequent assessment with instant feedback to the students and with minimal work by the instructor, with exactly the same learning outcomes as paper-based exams. Introduction Audience response systems (ARS, also known as “clickers”) have been used extensively for formative assessment – helping students determine for themselves whether or not they understand the material, and breaking up rote lectures with an active learning activity. There is an extensive literature on their use and efficacy in these regards. While it is disputed whether ARS use improves student ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="977dc3bdc0a9108c50753385e47c6a02" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578647,"asset_id":84620846,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578647/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620846"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620846"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620846; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620845"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620845/An_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_Lieu_of_Final_Reports_for_a_Design_Course"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Online Team-Based Practical Exam in Lieu of Final Reports for a Design Course" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578648/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620845/An_Online_Team_Based_Practical_Exam_in_Lieu_of_Final_Reports_for_a_Design_Course">An Online Team-Based Practical Exam in Lieu of Final Reports for a Design Course</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biomedical Engineering Education</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">CHALLENGE Anecdote suggests that the abrupt transition of university courses to wholly online ins...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">CHALLENGE Anecdote suggests that the abrupt transition of university courses to wholly online instruction was especially difficult for engineering design courses. Design courses have evolved toward team-based activities, hands-on building and testing, and the availability of fabrication equipment and other facilities. As the pandemic set in, instructors sought meaningful online opportunities to interact with students in their BME design courses, for students to work together as teams, and means for providing fair and meaningful assessments. We here address summative assessment in a teambased design course and suggest that an online practical exam can in many cases be a preferable alternative to final design papers or comprehensive final exams, regardless of whether the class is delivered online or inperson. Indeed, there is evidence that among the several options for assessment-selected response, extended written response, performance assessments, and direct communication 9-practical exams (a form of performance assessment) are better measures of student learning than are written reports 3-a common staple of engineering design assessment. The most important and challenging factor in assessment is to match the assessment method to the intended goal. 9 Performance assessment seems to be a clear choice for a class whose goal is to instill the hands-on skills needed to engage in the engineering design process for clinical devices. We are aware of no reports on the use of practical exams during remote or online learning, and few reports of practical exams in biomedical engineering courses.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bd7c8a002760b1b0ae7edcb2679cddaf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578648,"asset_id":84620845,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578648/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620845"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620845"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620845; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620844"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620844/A_Skills_focused_Approach_to_Teaching_Design_Fundamentals_to_Large_Numbers_of_Students_and_Its_Effect_on_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Skills-focused Approach to Teaching Design Fundamentals to Large Numbers of Students and Its Effect on Engineering Design Self-efficacy" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578728/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620844/A_Skills_focused_Approach_to_Teaching_Design_Fundamentals_to_Large_Numbers_of_Students_and_Its_Effect_on_Engineering_Design_Self_efficacy">A Skills-focused Approach to Teaching Design Fundamentals to Large Numbers of Students and Its Effect on Engineering Design Self-efficacy</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont under David Warshaw. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3b21a2ae82c0834e62596ce4e45b44b0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578728,"asset_id":84620844,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578728/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620844"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620844"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620844; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620843"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620843/First_year_engineering_students_are_strikingly_impoverished_in_their_self_concept_as_professional_engineers"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of First year engineering students are strikingly impoverished in their self-concept as professional engineers" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578727/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620843/First_year_engineering_students_are_strikingly_impoverished_in_their_self_concept_as_professional_engineers">First year engineering students are strikingly impoverished in their self-concept as professional engineers</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fred is Co-Principal Investigator and Director of The Full Potential Initiative, an NSF-funded lo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fred is Co-Principal Investigator and Director of The Full Potential Initiative, an NSF-funded longitudinal study of the development and influence of implicit attitudes about intellectual ability and academic belonging. His findings have demonstrated that biased implicit associations in the minds of students, teachers and professionals are not simple functions of the stereotypes in their environment, but vary predictably with their personal experiences and identities. Female and male scientists, for example, differ greatly in the strength of their implicit stereotype of science as male (weak stereotyping among the women but strong among the men), even though they are both equally aware of the cultural stereotype. A key ongoing focus of his research is on the causal role that such varying implicit associations may play in shaping identities and contributing to perseverance in scientific studies and careers. Fred's publication topics have included comparisons of web-and laboratory-based implicit cognition experiments, the relationship between implicit and explicit attitude measures, ethnic and gender differences in science graduation at selective colleges, and standardized testing in college admission.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a6ecc740c15f61cac634c68cf0dcaa16" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578727,"asset_id":84620843,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578727/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620843"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620843"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620843; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620842"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620842/Learner_Satisfaction_and_Quality_of_Student_Faculty_Interactions_in_Traditional_vs_Blended_Classrooms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Learner Satisfaction and Quality of Student-Faculty Interactions in Traditional vs. Blended Classrooms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578722/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620842/Learner_Satisfaction_and_Quality_of_Student_Faculty_Interactions_in_Traditional_vs_Blended_Classrooms">Learner Satisfaction and Quality of Student-Faculty Interactions in Traditional vs. Blended Classrooms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Brian's research interests include cardiovascular physiology, cellular mechanobiology, and nanote...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Brian's research interests include cardiovascular physiology, cellular mechanobiology, and nanotechnology-based biomaterials. He is also interested in technology-enhanced teaching and in experiential learning for undergraduates in science and engineering.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8d7e95ef19fc95b9e6346557dd7ebe7e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578722,"asset_id":84620842,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578722/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620842"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620842"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620842; 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He received his B.S. in Biology and Chemistry from Saint Francis College in F...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">in Charlottesville. He received his B.S. in Biology and Chemistry from Saint Francis College in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona in Tucson. Will's research focuses on the biomechanics of single molecules involved in muscle contraction and cell movement.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6c8c33397c9d625ce2075f8c86a624e4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578723,"asset_id":84620840,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578723/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620840"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620840"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620840; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620839"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620839/The_Forgotten_Steps_of_Engineering_Design_Design_Build_Experiences_and_their_Downstream_Effect_on_Capstone_Design_Projects"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Forgotten Steps of Engineering Design: Design-Build Experiences and their Downstream Effect on Capstone Design Projects" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578718/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620839/The_Forgotten_Steps_of_Engineering_Design_Design_Build_Experiences_and_their_Downstream_Effect_on_Capstone_Design_Projects">The Forgotten Steps of Engineering Design: Design-Build Experiences and their Downstream Effect on Capstone Design Projects</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont under David Warshaw. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c24dcd9441065869890dbb1d3efe84ed" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578718,"asset_id":84620839,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578718/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620839"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620839"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620839; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620838"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620838/Summative_versus_formative_assessments_in_teaching_physiology_to_biomedical_engineering_students_a_comparison_of_outcomes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Summative versus formative assessments in teaching physiology to biomedical engineering students: a comparison of outcomes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578720/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620838/Summative_versus_formative_assessments_in_teaching_physiology_to_biomedical_engineering_students_a_comparison_of_outcomes">Summative versus formative assessments in teaching physiology to biomedical engineering students: a comparison of outcomes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Biology and Chemistry from St. Francis College in Ft. Wayne, Indiana and his Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Arizona. Will did his postdoctoral training in Molecular Biophysics at the University of Vermont under David Warshaw. His research interests include novel assessments of educational efficacy, the molecular basis of cell movement, and the mitigation of infectious diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c8a2bbbbc0a999da449c70e50a7d4cac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578720,"asset_id":84620838,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578720/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620838"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620838"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620838; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84620838]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=84620838]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620838; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='84620838']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620837"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620837/Nutrients_influence_the_dynamics_of_Klebsiella_pneumoniae_carbapenemase_producing_enterobacterales_in_transplanted_hospital_sinks"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Nutrients influence the dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producing enterobacterales in transplanted hospital sinks" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578716/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620837/Nutrients_influence_the_dynamics_of_Klebsiella_pneumoniae_carbapenemase_producing_enterobacterales_in_transplanted_hospital_sinks">Nutrients influence the dynamics of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producing enterobacterales in transplanted hospital sinks</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Water Research</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Antimicrobial resistance has been recognized as a threat to human health. The role of hospital si...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Antimicrobial resistance has been recognized as a threat to human health. The role of hospital sinks acting as a reservoir for some of the most concerning antibiotic resistant organisms, carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is evident but not well understood. Strategies to prevent establishment, interventions to eliminate these reservoirs and factors which drive persistence of CPE are not well established. We use a uniquely designed sink lab to transplant CPE colonized hospital sink plumbing with an aim to understand CPE dynamics in a controlled setting, notably exploiting both molecular and culture techniques. After ex situ installation the CPE population in the sink plumbing drop from previously detectable to undetectable levels. The addition of nutrients is followed by a quick rebound in CPE detection in the sinks after as many as 37 days. We did not however detect a significant shift in microbial community structure or the overall resistance gene carriage in longitudinal samples from a subset of these transplanted sinks using whole shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Comparing nutrient types in a benchtop culture study model, protein rich nutrients appear to be the most supportive for CPE growth and biofilm formation ability. The role of nutrients exposure is determining factor for maintaining a high bioburden of CPE in the sink drains and P-traps. Therefore, limiting nutrient disposal into sinks has reasonable potential with regard to decreasing the CPE wastewater burden, especially in hospitals seeking to control an environmental reservoir.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b3524e6db826937d64ba28e6b742336a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578716,"asset_id":84620837,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578716/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620837"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620837"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620837; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="84620836"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620836/S_nitrosylation_of_cytoskeletal_proteins"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of S‐nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89578646/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/84620836/S_nitrosylation_of_cytoskeletal_proteins">S‐nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cytoskeleton</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as Guilford,et al., (2019), S-nitrosylation of cytoskeletal proteins.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6ec978fcdd016a4868ad772357aa7082" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":89578646,"asset_id":84620836,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/89578646/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="84620836"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="84620836"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 84620836; 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