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class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Trade with the Pacific and Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trade_with_the_Pacific_and_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_of_the_East_Indies_and_Old_China_Trade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_of_the_East_Indies_and_Old_China_Trade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Legacy of the East Indies and Old China Trade </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_of_the_East_Indies_and_Old_China_Trade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Station_and_the_National_Guard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Station_and_the_National_Guard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 Air Station and the National Guard </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Station_and_the_National_Guard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Guard_birthplace_and_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Guard_birthplace_and_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8 National Guard birthplace and architecture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Guard_birthplace_and_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Demographics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Arts and culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Arts and culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historic_homes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historic_homes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Historic homes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historic_homes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Witch-related_tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Witch-related_tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Witch-related tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Witch-related_tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_tourist_attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_tourist_attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Other tourist attractions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_tourist_attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Points_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Points_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Points of interest </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Points_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salem_points_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salem_points_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Salem points of interest </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salem_points_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Salem_State_University" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salem_State_University"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Salem State University </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salem_State_University-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_and_secondary_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Primary and secondary education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_and_secondary_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Media </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Media subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film,_literature,_and_television_in_Salem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film,_literature,_and_television_in_Salem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Film, literature, and television in Salem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film,_literature,_and_television_in_Salem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Infrastructure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Roads </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Rail </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.3 Bus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salem_Skipper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salem_Skipper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.4 Salem Skipper </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salem_Skipper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.5 Airports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Salem_Ferry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Salem_Ferry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.6 The Salem Ferry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Salem_Ferry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electric_car_charge_program" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electric_car_charge_program"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.7 Electric car charge program </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electric_car_charge_program-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Salem_Hospital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salem_Hospital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.1 Salem Hospital </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salem_Hospital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waterfront_redevelopment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waterfront_redevelopment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Waterfront redevelopment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waterfront_redevelopment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salem_Harbor_Power_Station" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salem_Harbor_Power_Station"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Salem Harbor Power Station </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salem_Harbor_Power_Station-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 In popular culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> 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</nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Salem, Massachusetts</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" > 70 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B3)" title="سالم (ماساتشوستس) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سالم (ماساتشوستس)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A7%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%A8%D5%B4_(%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A7%D5%A9%D5%BD)" title="Սէյլըմ (Մասսաչուսէթս) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սէյլըմ (Մասսաչուսէթս)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D8%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="سیلم، ماساچوست – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیلم، ماساچوست" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE,_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B8" title="সেলাম, ম্যাসাচুসেটস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেলাম, ম্যাসাচুসেটস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлем (Масачусетс) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сейлем (Масачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлъм (Масачузетс) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сейлъм (Масачузетс)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(lungsod_sa_Tinipong_Bansa,_Massachusetts)" title="Salem (lungsod sa Tinipong Bansa, Massachusetts) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Salem (lungsod sa Tinipong Bansa, Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC_(%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%B7)" title="Σάλεμ (Μασαχουσέτη) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σάλεμ (Μασαχουσέτη)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Masa%C4%89useco)" title="Salem (Masaĉuseco) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salem (Masaĉuseco)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D8%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="سیلم، ماساچوست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیلم، ماساچوست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA)" title="سیلم (ماساچۊست) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سیلم (ماساچۊست)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%BC_(%EB%A7%A4%EC%82%AC%EC%B6%94%EC%84%B8%EC%B8%A0%EC%A3%BC)" title="세일럼 (매사추세츠주) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세일럼 (매사추세츠주)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B4_(%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%BD)" title="Սեյլեմ (Մասաչուսեթս) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սեյլեմ (Մասաչուսեթս)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%9D_(%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A6%27%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A1)" title="סיילם (מסצ'וסטס) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיילם (מסצ'וסטס)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлем (Массачусетс) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сейлем (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Салем (Массачусетс) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Салем (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem" title="Salem – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Salem" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сејлем (Масачусетс) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сејлем (Масачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE_(%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8)" title="सेलम (मॅसेच्युसेट्स) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सेलम (मॅसेच्युसेट्स)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B3)" title="سالم (اسكس) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سالم (اسكس)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0_(%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B5%E3%83%81%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%83%83%E3%83%84%E5%B7%9E)" title="セイラム (マサチューセッツ州) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セイラム (マサチューセッツ州)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлем (Массачусетс) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сейлем (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sal%C3%A9m_(Massachusetts)" title="Salém (Massachusetts) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Salém (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлем (Массачусетс) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сейлем (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сејлем (Масачусетс) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сејлем (Масачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлем (Массачусетс) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сейлем (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1_(%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C)" title="ซาเลม (รัฐแมสซาชูเซตส์) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซาเลม (รัฐแมสซาชูเซตส์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81)" title="Сейлем (Массачусетс) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сейлем (Массачусетс)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D8%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B3" title="سیلم، میساچوسٹس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیلم، میساچوسٹس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem (Massachusetts) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Salem (Massachusetts)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Salem, Massachusetts" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%8B%92%E5%A7%86%EF%BC%88%E9%A9%AC%E8%90%A8%E8%AF%B8%E5%A1%9E%E5%B7%9E%EF%BC%89" title="塞勒姆（马萨诸塞州） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" 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.geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Salem,_Massachusetts&params=42_31_10_N_70_53_50_W_type:city_region:US-MA">42°31′10″N 70°53′50″W / 42.51944°N 70.89722°W / 42.51944; -70.89722</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Massachusetts, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive 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0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Salem</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:280px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:5px 0 0 5px"><div style="display:table;background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 5px 5px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Federal_Street_District.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Federal_Street_District.jpg/137px-Federal_Street_District.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Federal_Street_District.jpg/206px-Federal_Street_District.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Federal_Street_District.jpg/274px-Federal_Street_District.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2928" data-file-height="1947" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 5px 5px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:House_of_the_Seven_Gables_(front_angle)_-_Salem,_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/137px-House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/206px-House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/274px-House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:Transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 5px 5px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg/137px-Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg/206px-Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg/274px-Custom_House_at_Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1135" data-file-height="638" /></a></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 5px 5px 0"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem,_MA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem%2C_MA.jpg/137px-The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem%2C_MA.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem%2C_MA.jpg/206px-The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem%2C_MA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem%2C_MA.jpg/274px-The_Peabody_Essex_Museum_in_Salem%2C_MA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="756" /></a></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%">Left-right from top: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Street_District" title="Federal Street District">Federal Street District</a>, <a href="/wiki/House_of_Seven_Gables" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Seven Gables">House of Seven Gables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site" title="Salem Maritime National Historic Site">Custom House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Essex_Museum" title="Peabody Essex Museum">Peabody Essex Museum</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Salem,_Massachusetts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Salem"><img alt="Flag of Salem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png/100px-Flag_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png/150px-Flag_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png/200px-Flag_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="216" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Salem,_Massachusetts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Salem"><img alt="Official seal of Salem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png/100px-Seal_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png/150px-Seal_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Seal_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png/200px-Seal_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.png 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="311" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">The Witch City, The City of Witches, Pleasure City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Divitis Indiae usque ad ultimum sinum (Latin: To the farthest port of the rich Indies)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in Essex County, Massachusetts"><img alt="Location in Essex County, Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg/260px-Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="379" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg/390px-Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg/520px-Essex_County_Massachusetts_incorporated_and_unincorporated_areas_Salem_highlighted.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="985" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in <a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex County, Massachusetts</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salem is located in the United States"><img alt="Salem is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:27.455%;left:89.626%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Salem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Salem</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the United States</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Salem,_Massachusetts&params=42_31_10_N_70_53_50_W_type:city_region:US-MA">42°31′10″N 70°53′50″W / 42.51944°N 70.89722°W / 42.51944; -70.89722</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">County</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1626</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated</th><td class="infobox-data">1629</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City</th><td class="infobox-data">1836</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Conant_(colonist)" title="Roger Conant (colonist)">Roger Conant</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Mayor-council city</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Dominick Pangallo</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2020-1">[1]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">18.30 sq mi (47.40 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">8.29 sq mi (21.48 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">10.01 sq mi (25.92 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">26 ft (8 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">44,480</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">5,362.91/sq mi (2,070.66/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (Eastern)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (Eastern)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">ZIP Code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">01970</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">351, 978</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">FIPS code</th><td class="infobox-data">25-59105</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">GNIS feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">0614337</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salemma.gov">www.salemma.gov</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="#cite_note-2020CensusQuick-2">[2]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Salem (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈseɪləm/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">SAY-ləm</a>) is a historic coastal city in <a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex County, Massachusetts</a>, United States, located on the <a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="North Shore (Massachusetts)">North Shore</a> of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a>. Continuous settlement by Europeans began in 1626 with English colonists. Salem was one of the most significant seaports trading commodities in <a href="/wiki/Colonial_history_of_the_United_States" title="Colonial history of the United States">early American history</a>. Prior to the dissolution of county governments in Massachusetts in 1999, it served as one of two county seats for Essex County, alongside <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Today, Salem is a residential and tourist area that is home to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Seven_Gables" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Seven Gables">House of Seven Gables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem_State_University" title="Salem State University">Salem State University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Village_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Pioneer Village (Salem, Massachusetts)">Pioneer Village</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site" title="Salem Maritime National Historic Site">Salem Maritime National Historic Site</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem_Willows" title="Salem Willows">Salem Willows Park</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Essex_Museum" title="Peabody Essex Museum">Peabody Essex Museum</a>. It features historic residential neighborhoods in the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Street_District" title="Federal Street District">Federal Street District</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Charter_Street_Historic_District" title="Charter Street Historic District">Charter Street Historic District</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wickedlocal.com-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Boston_Globe-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-pem.org-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-7">[7]</a> The city's population was 44,480 at the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 census</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2020CensusQuick-2">[2]</a> Salem is widely noted for the <a href="/wiki/Salem_witch_trials" title="Salem witch trials">Salem witch trials</a> of 1692, which strongly informs the city's cultural identity into the present. Some of Salem's police cars are adorned with witch logos, a public elementary school is known as Witchcraft Heights, and the <a href="/wiki/Salem_High_School_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem High School (Massachusetts)">Salem High School</a> athletic teams are named the Witches. Gallows Hill was originally believed to be the site of the executions during the Witch Trials, but in 2016 a site nearby called Proctor's Ledge was identified as the true site of the executions.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Gallows Hill now serves as a city park. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Timeline of Salem, Massachusetts">Timeline of Salem, Massachusetts</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Conant,_N_Washington_Sq,_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Roger_Conant%2C_N_Washington_Sq%2C_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Roger_Conant%2C_N_Washington_Sq%2C_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Roger_Conant%2C_N_Washington_Sq%2C_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Roger_Conant%2C_N_Washington_Sq%2C_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Roger_Conant%2C_N_Washington_Sq%2C_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Roger_Conant%2C_N_Washington_Sq%2C_Salem._-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2347" data-file-height="3523" /></a><figcaption>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Roger_Conant_(colonist)" title="Roger Conant (colonist)">Roger Conant</a>, founder of Salem, on North Washington Square.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem,_Massachusetts.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG/170px-Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG/255px-Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG/340px-Nathaniel_Hawthorne_statue_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption> Nathaniel Hawthorne by <a href="/wiki/Bela_Pratt" title="Bela Pratt">Bela Pratt</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg/220px-Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg/330px-Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg/440px-Salem_shipping_colonial_color.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1159" data-file-height="723" /></a><figcaption>Scene along the Salem waterfront, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1770–1780</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naumkeag">Naumkeag</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Naumkeag">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> lived in northeastern Massachusetts for thousands of years prior to <a href="/wiki/European_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="European colonization of the Americas">European colonization of the Americas</a>. The peninsula that would become Salem was known as Naumkeag (alternate spellings Naemkeck,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Nahumkek,<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Neumkeage<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a>) by the native people who lived there at the time of contact in the early 1600s. Naumkeag was a major settlement for the indigenous group that controlled territory from the <a href="/wiki/Merrimack_River" title="Merrimack River">Merrimack</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Mystic_River" title="Mystic River">Mystic</a> rivers. The English and other Europeans referred to them as the <a href="/wiki/Naumkeag_people" title="Naumkeag people">Naumkeag people</a>. There are probable indigenous settlement sites near the mouths of the North, South, and Forest rivers in Salem.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The contact period was a disastrous time for the Naumkeag. Many Naumkeag died in a war with the <a href="/wiki/Tarrantine" title="Tarrantine">Tarrantine</a> and as a result of a <a href="/wiki/Virgin_soil_epidemic" title="Virgin soil epidemic">smallpox epidemic</a> in 1617–1619, including their powerful sachem <a href="/wiki/Nanepashemet" title="Nanepashemet">Nanepashemet</a>. The disease had probably been contracted by members who came into contact with European fishermen or explorers. Their strength was reduced just prior to the arrival of English settlers in 1626 to what became modern-day Salem. In 1633, a second smallpox epidemic struck, killing two of Nanepashemet's successors, <a href="/wiki/Montowampate" title="Montowampate">Montowompate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wonohaquaham" title="Wonohaquaham">Wonohaquaham</a>, and leaving his remaining heir <a href="/wiki/Wenepoykin" title="Wenepoykin">Wenepoykin</a> scarred. So it was that English settlers met little resistance on their arrival in Salem. Although <a href="/wiki/Wenepoykin" title="Wenepoykin">Wenepoykin</a> would join <a href="/wiki/Metacomet" title="Metacomet">Metacomet</a> in <a href="/wiki/King_Philip%27s_War" title="King Philip's War">King Philip's War</a> in 1675, the English settlers at this point had the numerical superiority to defeat Metacomet's indigenous coalition. It was not until 1686, when the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a> Charter was recalled by <a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">King James II</a> in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_England" title="Dominion of New England">Dominion of New England</a> that Wenepoykin's heirs pressed their claim to the land of Salem, for which they were paid twenty pounds.<a href="#cite_note-:0-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English_colonization">English colonization</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: English colonization">edit</a>]</div> Colonists settled Naumkeag in 1626 when a company of fishermen<a href="#cite_note-Phippen-13">[13]</a> arrived from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Ann" title="Cape Ann">Cape Ann</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Conant_(Salem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Conant (Salem)">Roger Conant</a>. Conant's leadership provided the stability for the settlers to survive the first two years, but <a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">John Endecott</a> replaced him by order of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Massachusetts Bay Company">Massachusetts Bay Company</a>. Conant stepped aside and was granted 200 acres (0.81 km2) of land in compensation. These "New Planters" and the "Old Planters"<a href="#cite_note-Phippen-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> agreed to cooperate because of the diplomacy of Conant and Endecott. To recognize this peaceful transition to the new government, the name of the settlement was changed to Salem, the <a href="/wiki/Hellenization" title="Hellenization">hellenized</a> name of <a href="/wiki/Salem_(Bible)" title="Salem (Bible)">Shalem</a> (שָׁלֵם), the royal city of <a href="/wiki/Melchizedek" title="Melchizedek">Melchizedek</a>, which is identified with <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In 1628, Endecott ordered that the <a href="/wiki/Great_House_(Cape_Ann)" title="Great House (Cape Ann)">Great House</a> be moved from Cape Ann, reassembling it on Washington Street north of Church Street.<a href="#cite_note-JGoff-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_Higginson" title="Francis Higginson">Francis Higginson</a> wrote that "we found a faire house newly built for the Governor" which was remarkable for being two stories high.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> A year later, the Massachusetts Bay Charter was issued creating the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a> with <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Craddock" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Craddock">Matthew Craddock</a> as its governor in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and Endecott as its governor in the colony.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Winthrop" title="John Winthrop">John Winthrop</a> was elected Governor in late 1629, and arrived with the <a href="/wiki/Winthrop_Fleet" title="Winthrop Fleet">Winthrop Fleet</a> in 1630, one of the many events that began the <a href="/wiki/Great_Migration_(Puritan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Migration (Puritan)">Puritan Great Migration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In 1639, Endecott, among others, signed the building contract for enlarging the meeting house in Town House Square for the first church in Salem. This document remains part of the town records at City Hall. He was active in the affairs of the town throughout his life. <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Skelton" title="Samuel Skelton">Samuel Skelton</a> was the first pastor of the <a href="/wiki/First_Church_of_Salem" class="mw-redirect" title="First Church of Salem">First Church of Salem</a>, which is the original Puritan church in America.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Endecott already had a close relationship with Skelton, having been converted by him, and Endecott considered him as his spiritual father.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ModestEnquiry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/ModestEnquiry.jpg/170px-ModestEnquiry.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/ModestEnquiry.jpg/255px-ModestEnquiry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/ModestEnquiry.jpg/340px-ModestEnquiry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="771" /></a><figcaption>Title page of A Modest Enquiry Into the Nature of Witchcraft by <a href="/wiki/John_Hale_(Beverly_minister)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hale (Beverly minister)">John Hale</a> (Boston, 1702)</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Salem_Harbor" title="Salem Harbor">Salem's harbor</a> was defended by <a href="/wiki/Fort_Miller_(Massachusetts)" title="Fort Miller (Massachusetts)">Fort Miller</a> in <a href="/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts" title="Marblehead, Massachusetts">Marblehead</a> from 1632 to 1865, and by <a href="/wiki/Fort_Pickering" title="Fort Pickering">Fort Pickering</a> on <a href="/wiki/Winter_Island" title="Winter Island">Winter Island</a> from 1643 to 1865.<a href="#cite_note-AFN1-25">[25]</a> During the 17th and 18th centuries, Salem was involved in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a>, surpassing <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> in terms of the town's engagement with the <a href="/wiki/Triangular_trade" title="Triangular trade">triangular trade</a>. Beginning in 1701 there was a steady political and social effort in Massachusetts to end slavery and by 1770 the practice was all but eliminated, with many slaves winning their freedom.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In 1768, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hall_(printer)" title="Samuel Hall (printer)">Samuel Hall</a> established Salem's first print shop and founded <a href="/wiki/The_Essex_Gazette" title="The Essex Gazette">The Essex Gazette</a> Salem's first newspaper, and the third to emerge in Massachusetts.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Witchcraft_Trials">Witchcraft Trials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Witchcraft Trials">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Salem_witch_trials" title="Salem witch trials">Salem witch trials</a></div> One of the most widely known aspects of Salem is its history of witchcraft allegations, which started with <a href="/wiki/Abigail_Williams_(Salem_witch_trials)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abigail Williams (Salem witch trials)">Abigail Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Parris" title="Betty Parris">Betty Parris</a>, and their friends playing "with a <a href="/wiki/Mirror" title="Mirror">Venus glase</a> & an Egg" to learn "what trade their sweet harts should be of."<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The infamous Salem witch trials began in 1692, and 19 people were executed by hanging because of the false accusations; <a href="/wiki/Giles_Corey" title="Giles Corey">Giles Corey</a> was <a href="/wiki/Crushing_(execution)" title="Crushing (execution)">pressed to death</a> for refusing to plead innocent or guilty, thus avoiding the noose and instead dying an innocent man.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Salem is also significant in legal history as the site of the <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Talbye_Trial" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothy Talbye Trial">Dorothy Talbye Trial</a>, where a mentally ill woman was hanged for murdering her daughter because Massachusetts made no distinction at the time between insanity and criminal behavior.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Hathorne" title="William Hathorne">William Hathorne</a> was a prosperous entrepreneur in early Salem and became one of its leading citizens. He led troops to victory in <a href="/wiki/King_Philip%27s_War" title="King Philip's War">King Philip's War</a>, served as a magistrate on the highest court, and was chosen as the first speaker of the House of Deputies. He was a zealous advocate of the personal rights of freemen against royal emissaries and agents.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> His son Judge <a href="/wiki/John_Hathorne" title="John Hathorne">John Hathorne</a> came to prominence in the late 17th century when witchcraft was a serious felony. Judge Hathorne is the best known of the witch trial judges, and he became known as the "Hanging Judge" for sentencing accused witches to death.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_Revolution">American Revolution</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: American Revolution">edit</a>]</div> On February 26, 1775, <a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">patriots</a> raised the drawbridge at the North River on North Street, preventing British Colonel <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Leslie_(British_Army_officer)" title="Alexander Leslie (British Army officer)">Alexander Leslie</a> and his 300 troops of the <a href="/wiki/64th_(2nd_Staffordshire)_Regiment_of_Foot" title="64th (2nd Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot">64th Regiment of Foot</a> from seizing stores and ammunition hidden in North Salem. Both parties came to an agreement and no blood was shed that day, but war broke out at <a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord" title="Battles of Lexington and Concord">Lexington and Concord</a> soon after. A group of prominent merchants with ties to Salem published a statement retracting what some interpreted as <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalist</a> leanings and professing their dedication to the American cause, including Francis Cabot,<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> William Pynchon, Thomas Barnard, E. A. Holyoke, and William Pickman.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg/220px-Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg/330px-Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg/440px-Salem_Harbor_Fitz_Hugh_Lane.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2600" data-file-height="1577" /></a><figcaption>Salem Harbor, oil on canvas, <a href="/wiki/Fitz_Hugh_Lane" class="mw-redirect" title="Fitz Hugh Lane">Fitz Hugh Lane</a>, 1853, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a></figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, the town became a center for privateering. The documentation is incomplete, but about 1,700 <a href="/wiki/Letters_of_Marque" class="mw-redirect" title="Letters of Marque">Letters of Marque</a> were granted during that time, issued on a per-voyage basis. Nearly 800 vessels were commissioned as privateers and are credited with capturing or destroying about 600 British ships.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Privateering resumed during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trade_with_the_Pacific_and_Africa">Trade with the Pacific and Africa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Trade with the Pacific and Africa">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/East_India_Marine_Society" title="East India Marine Society">East India Marine Society</a></div> Following the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolution" title="American Revolution">American Revolution</a>, many ships used as privateers were too large for short voyages in the coasting trade,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETrow1905xx-39">[39]</a> and their owners determined to open new avenues of trade to distant countries. The young men of the town, fresh from service on the armed ships of Salem, were eager to embark in such ventures. Captain Nathaniel Silsbee, his first mate Charles Derby, and second mate Richard J. Cleveland were not yet twenty years old when they set sail on a nineteen-month voyage that was perhaps the first from the newly independent America to the <a href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</a>. In 1795, Captain Jonathan Carnes set sail for <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Archipelago" title="Malay Archipelago">Malay Archipelago</a> on his secret voyage for <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">pepper</a>. Nothing was heard from him until eighteen months later, when he entered Salem harbor with a cargo of pepper in bulk, the first to be so imported into the country, and which sold at the extraordinary profit of seven hundred per cent.<a href="#cite_note-Trow1905-40">[40]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Empress_of_China_(1783)" title="Empress of China (1783)">Empress of China</a>, formerly a privateer, was refitted as the first American ship to sail from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> to <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. By 1790, Salem had become the sixth-largest city in the country, and a world-famous <a href="/wiki/Seaport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaport">seaport</a>—particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Old_China_Trade" title="Old China Trade">China Trade</a>. It had a large cod fishing industry, conducted off the Newfoundland Banks. It exported <a href="/wiki/Codfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Codfish">codfish</a> to Europe and the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a>, imported <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Molasses" title="Molasses">molasses</a> from the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a> from China, and products depicted on the city seal from the <a href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</a>—in particular Sumatran pepper. Salem ships also visited <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> in the slave trade—<a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a> in particular. They also traveled to <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>. The sail frigate <a href="/wiki/USS_Essex_(1799)" title="USS Essex (1799)">USS Essex</a> was built at one of <a href="/wiki/Enos_Briggs" title="Enos Briggs">Enos Briggs</a>'s shipyards on <a href="/wiki/Winter_Island" title="Winter Island">Winter Island</a> in 1799.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> The neutrality of the United States was tested during the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake%E2%80%93Leopard_affair" title="Chesapeake–Leopard affair">Chesapeake–Leopard affair</a>, Congress passed the <a href="/wiki/Embargo_Act_of_1807" title="Embargo Act of 1807">Embargo Act of 1807</a>. <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> closed all ports, an economic blow to the seaport town of Salem. The embargo was the starting point on the path to the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. Both the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">France</a> imposed trade restrictions to weaken each other's economies. This disrupted American trade and tested the United States' neutrality. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> ships frequently interdicted U.S. merchant ships trading with France and seized their goods, and at times would <a href="/wiki/Impressment" title="Impressment">impress</a> American sailors.<a href="#cite_note-Gilbert-43">[43]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png/220px-1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png/330px-1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png/440px-1820_Salem_Massachusetts_map_bySaunders_BPL_12094.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="711" /></a><figcaption>Map of Salem, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1820</figcaption></figure> The Federal period (1788–1845) marks the beginning of U.S. international relations.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Salem had established trade relations with merchants in distant lands, which were a source of livelihood and prosperity for many. Charles Endicott, <a href="/wiki/Sea_captain" title="Sea captain">master</a> of Salem merchantman <a href="/wiki/Friendship_of_Salem#Namesake" title="Friendship of Salem">Friendship</a>, returned in 1831 to report Sumatran natives had plundered his ship, <a href="/wiki/Homicide" title="Homicide">murdering</a> the first officer and two crewmen. Following public outcry, President <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> ordered the <a href="/wiki/USS_Potomac_(1822)" title="USS Potomac (1822)">Potomac</a> on the <a href="/wiki/First_Sumatran_Expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="First Sumatran Expedition">First Sumatran Expedition</a>, which departed <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on August 19, 1831. In another direction, diplomat <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Roberts_(diplomat)" title="Edmund Roberts (diplomat)">Edmund Roberts</a> negotiated a treaty with <a href="/wiki/Said_bin_Sultan,_Sultan_of_Muscat_and_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman">Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman</a> on September 21, 1833.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In 1837, the sultan moved his main place of residence to <a href="/wiki/Stone_Town" title="Stone Town">Zanzibar</a> and welcomed Richard Waters, a resident of Salem, as a <a href="/wiki/Consul_(representative)#United_States_consuls_in_the_early_years" title="Consul (representative)">United States consul of the early years</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gilbert-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy_of_the_East_Indies_and_Old_China_Trade">Legacy of the East Indies and Old China Trade</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy of the East Indies and Old China Trade">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Academy_of_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Peabody Academy of Science">Peabody Academy of Science</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Old_China_Trade" title="Old China Trade">Old China Trade</a> left a significant mark in two historic districts, <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District" title="Chestnut Street District">Chestnut Street District</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Samuel_McIntire" title="Samuel McIntire">Samuel McIntire</a> Historic District containing 407 buildings, and the <a href="/wiki/Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site" title="Salem Maritime National Historic Site">Salem Maritime National Historic Site</a>, comprising 12 historic structures and about 9 acres (36,000 m2) of land along the waterfront in Salem. <a href="/wiki/Elias_Hasket_Derby" title="Elias Hasket Derby">Elias Hasket Derby</a> was among the wealthiest and most celebrated of post-Revolutionary merchants in Salem. Derby was also the owner of the Grand Turk, the first New England vessel to trade with <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and the second, after the Empress of China, to sail from the United States. Thomas H. Perkins was his supercargo and established strong ties with the Chinese and garnered the Forbes fortune through his illegal opium sales. Salem was incorporated as a city on March 23, 1836,<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> and adopted a city seal in 1839 with the motto "Divitis Indiae usque ad ultimum sinum", <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> for "To the rich East Indies until the last lap." <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a> was overseer of Salem's port from 1846 until 1849. He worked in the U.S. Custom House across the street from the port<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> near Pickering Wharf, his setting for the beginning of <a href="/wiki/The_Scarlet_Letter" title="The Scarlet Letter">The Scarlet Letter</a>. In 1858, an <a href="/wiki/Amusement_park" title="Amusement park">amusement park</a> was established at Juniper Point, a peninsula jutting into the harbor. Prosperity left the city with a wealth of fine architecture, including <a href="/wiki/Federal_architecture" title="Federal architecture">Federal-style</a> mansions designed by one of America's first <a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">architects</a>, Samuel McIntire, for whom the city's largest historic district is named. These homes and mansions now make up the greatest concentrations of notable pre-1900 domestic structures in the United States. Shipping declined throughout the 19th century. <a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> eclipsed Salem and its <a href="/wiki/Silting" class="mw-redirect" title="Silting">silting</a> harbor. Consequently, the city turned to manufacturing. Industries included <a href="/wiki/Tanning_(leather)" title="Tanning (leather)">tanneries</a>, shoe factories, and the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Salem_Fire_of_1914" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Salem Fire of 1914">Great Salem Fire of 1914</a> destroyed over 400 homes and left 3,500 families homeless but spared the historic concentration of Federal architecture on Chestnut Street. A memorial plaque on a drugstore building marks the former site of the Korn Leather Factory, which burned in the fire. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Station_and_the_National_Guard">Air Station and the National Guard</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Air Station and the National Guard">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png/170px-Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png/255px-Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png/340px-Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem_patch.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>Coast Guard Air Station patch</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem" title="Coast Guard Air Station Salem">Coast Guard Air Station Salem</a> was established on February 15, 1935, when the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a> opened a new <a href="/wiki/Seaplane" title="Seaplane">seaplane</a> facility in Salem because there was no space to expand the <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Gloucester" class="mw-redirect" title="Coast Guard Air Station Gloucester">Gloucester Air Station at Ten Pound Island</a>. <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Salem" title="Coast Guard Air Station Salem">Coast Guard Air Station Salem</a> was located on <a href="/wiki/Winter_Island" title="Winter Island">Winter Island</a>, an extension of <a href="/wiki/Salem_Neck_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem Neck (Massachusetts)">Salem Neck</a> which juts out into <a href="/wiki/Salem_Harbor" title="Salem Harbor">Salem Harbor</a>. <a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">Search and rescue</a>, hunting for <a href="/wiki/Derelict_(maritime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Derelict (maritime)">derelicts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medical_evacuation" title="Medical evacuation">medical evacuations</a> were the station's primary areas of responsibility. During its first year of operation, Salem crews performed 26 medical evacuations. They flew in all kinds of weather, and the radio direction capabilities of the aircraft were of significant value in locating vessels in distress. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> (1939–1945), air crews from Salem flew <a href="/wiki/Neutrality_patrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutrality patrol">neutrality patrols</a> along the coast, and the Air Station roster grew to 37 aircraft. <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-submarine">Anti-submarine</a> patrols flew regularly. In October 1944, Air Station Salem was designated as the first <a href="/wiki/Air-Sea_Rescue" class="mw-redirect" title="Air-Sea Rescue">Air-Sea Rescue</a> station on the eastern seaboard. The <a href="/wiki/Martin_PBM_Mariner" title="Martin PBM Mariner">Martin PBM Mariner</a>, a hold-over from the war, became the primary rescue aircraft. In the mid-1950s, <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopters</a> came, as did <a href="/wiki/Grumman_HU-16_Albatross" title="Grumman HU-16 Albatross">Grumman HU-16 Albatross</a> amphibious <a href="/wiki/Flying_boat" title="Flying boat">flying boats</a> (UFs). The air station's missions included search and rescue, law enforcement, counting migratory waterfowl for the U.S. Biological Survey, and assisting icebound islands by delivering provisions.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> The station's surviving facilities are part of Salem's Winter Island Marine Park. Salem Harbor was deep enough to host a <a href="/wiki/Edward_Robert_Armstrong#Seadrome" title="Edward Robert Armstrong">seadrome</a> with three sea lanes, offering a variety of take-off headings irrespective of wind direction unless there was a strong steady wind from the east. This produced enormous waves that swept into the mouth of the harbor and hampered water operations. When the seadrome was too rough, returning amphibian aircraft used the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Auxiliary_Air_Facility_Beverly" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Auxiliary Air Facility Beverly">Naval Auxiliary Air Facility Beverly</a>. Salem Air Station moved to <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Air_Station_Cape_Cod" title="Coast Guard Air Station Cape Cod">Cape Cod</a> in 1970. In 2011, the City of Salem completed plans for the 30-acre (12 ha) Winter Island Park<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> and squared off against residents who are against bringing two power-generating windmills to the tip of Winter Island.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> The Renewable Energy Task Force, along with the Energy and Sustainability Manager, Paul Marquis, have recommended the construction of a 1.5-megawatt power turbine at the tip of Winter Island,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> which is the furthest point from residences and where the winds are the strongest.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> The 30-acre park has been open to the public since the early 1970s. In 2011, a master plan was developed with help from the planning and design firm, Cecil Group of Boston and Bioengineering Group of Salem. The City of Salem paid $45,000 in federal money.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In the long term, the projected cost to rehabilitate just the barracks was $1.5 million. But in the short term, there are multiple lower-cost items, like a proposed $15,000 kayak dock or $50,000 to relocate and improve the bathhouse. This is a very important project since Fort Pickering guarded Salem Harbor as far back as the 17th century.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Guard_birthplace_and_architecture">National Guard birthplace and architecture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: National Guard birthplace and architecture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Muster_1637.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/First_Muster_1637.jpg/220px-First_Muster_1637.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/First_Muster_1637.jpg/330px-First_Muster_1637.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/First_Muster_1637.jpg/440px-First_Muster_1637.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4302" data-file-height="2802" /></a><figcaption>First Muster, Spring 1637, Massachusetts Bay Colony.</figcaption></figure> In 1637, the first muster was held on <a href="/wiki/Salem_Common_Historic_District_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Salem Common Historic District (Salem, Massachusetts)">Salem Common</a>, where for the first time a regiment of militia drilled for the common defense of a multi-community area,<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> thus laying the foundation for what became the <a href="/wiki/Army_National_Guard" title="Army National Guard">Army National Guard</a>. In 1637, the General Court of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay_Colony" title="Massachusetts Bay Colony">Massachusetts Bay Colony</a> ordered the organization of the Colony's militia companies into the North, South and East Regiments. The colonists adopted the English militia system, which obligated men between the ages of 16 and 60 to own arms and take part in the community's defense.<a href="#cite_note-defense.gov-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sgt._1st_Class_Don_Veitch-58">[58]</a> Each April, the Second Corps of Cadets gather in front of St. Peter's Episcopal Church, where the <a href="/wiki/Corpse" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpse">body</a> of their founder, Stephen Abbott, is buried. They lay a wreath, play "<a href="/wiki/Taps_(bugle_call)" title="Taps (bugle call)">Taps</a>" and fire a <a href="/wiki/21-gun_salute" title="21-gun salute">21-gun salute</a>. In another annual commemoration, soldiers gather at Old Salem Armory to honor soldiers who were <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">killed</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Lexington_and_Concord" title="Battles of Lexington and Concord">Battles of Lexington and Concord</a>. On April 14, 2012, Salem celebrated the 375th anniversary of the first muster on Salem Common, with more than 1,000 troops taking part in ceremonies and a parade.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_McIntire" title="Samuel McIntire">Samuel McIntire</a> was one of the first architects in the United States, and his work is a prime example of early <a href="/wiki/Federal-style_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal-style architecture">Federal-style architecture</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District" title="Chestnut Street District">Samuel McIntire Historic District</a> is one of the largest concentrations of 17th and 18th century domestic structures in America.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> It includes McIntire commissions such as the <a href="/wiki/Peirce-Nichols_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Peirce-Nichols House">Peirce-Nichols House</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Hall_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Hamilton Hall (Salem, Massachusetts)">Hamilton Hall</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Witch_House" title="The Witch House">The Witch House</a> or Jonathan Corwin House (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1642) is also located in the district. Samuel McIntire's house and workshop were located at 31 Summer Street in what is now the Samuel <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District" title="Chestnut Street District">McIntire Historic District</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salem_Ferry.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Salem_Ferry.JPG/220px-Salem_Ferry.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Salem_Ferry.JPG/330px-Salem_Ferry.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Salem_Ferry.JPG/440px-Salem_Ferry.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1867" data-file-height="1662" /></a><figcaption>The Salem Ferry approaching its dock off Blaney Street</figcaption></figure> According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the city has a total area of 18.1 square miles (47 km2), of which 8.1 square miles (21 km2) is land and 9.9 square miles (26 km2), or 55.09%, is water. Salem lies on <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Bay" title="Massachusetts Bay">Massachusetts Bay</a> between Salem Harbor, which divides the city from much of neighboring <a href="/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts" title="Marblehead, Massachusetts">Marblehead</a> to the southeast, and Beverly Harbor, which divides the city from <a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a> along with the Danvers River, which feeds into the harbor. Between the two harbors lies Salem Neck and Winter Island, which are divided from each other by Cat Cove, Smith Pool (located between the two land causeways to Winter Island), and Juniper Cove. The city is further divided by Collins Cove and the inlet to the North River. The Forest River flows through the southern end of town, along with Strong Water Brook, which feeds Spring Pond at the town's southwestern corner. The town has several parks, as well as conservation land along the Forest River and Camp Lion, which lies east of <a href="/wiki/Spring_Pond" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring Pond">Spring Pond</a>. The city is divided by its natural features into several small neighborhoods. The Salem Neck neighborhood lies northeast of downtown, and North Salem lies to the west of it, on the other side of the North River. South Salem is south of the South River, lying mostly along the banks of Salem Harbor southward. Downtown Salem lies 15 miles (24 km) northeast of <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, 16 miles (26 km) southwest of <a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Massachusetts" title="Gloucester, Massachusetts">Gloucester</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cape_Ann" title="Cape Ann">Cape Ann</a>, and 19 miles (31 km) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a>, the other county seat of Essex County. Salem is bordered by Beverly to the north, <a href="/wiki/Danvers,_Massachusetts" title="Danvers, Massachusetts">Danvers</a> to the northwest, <a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn</a> to the south, <a href="/wiki/Swampscott,_Massachusetts" title="Swampscott, Massachusetts">Swampscott</a> to the southeast, and <a href="/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts" title="Marblehead, Massachusetts">Marblehead</a> to the southeast. The town's water rights extend along a channel into Massachusetts Bay between the water rights of Marblehead and Beverly. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> According to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, Salem has either a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate#Hot_summer_subtype" title="Humid continental climate">hot-summer humid continental climate</a> (abbreviated Dfa), or a hot-summer <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid sub-tropical climate</a> (abbreviated Cfa), depending on the isotherm used. <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Salem, 1991–2020 simulated normals (20 ft elevation) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7 (2.6) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.8 (3.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.0 (7.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.7 (12.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.2 (17.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.6 (23.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.3 (26.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.4 (25.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.3 (22.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.7 (16.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.6 (10.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.1 (5.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">58.2 (14.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6 (−1.9) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4 (−0.9) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.9 (2.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.6 (8.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.1 (13.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.7 (18.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.6 (22.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.5 (21.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.9 (17.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.2 (11.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.5 (6.4) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.3 (1.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">50.1 (10.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5 (−6.4) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1 (−5.5) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8 (−1.8) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.3 (3.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.0 (8.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.7 (14.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.7 (17.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.4 (16.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.4 (13.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.6 (7.0) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4 (1.9) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8 (−2.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.0 (5.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #75FF75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.62 (91.95) </td> <td style="background: #70FF70; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.43 (87.24) </td> <td style="background: #50FF50; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.60 (116.88) </td> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.12 (104.68) </td> <td style="background: #7BFF7B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.47 (88.10) </td> <td style="background: #62FF62; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.01 (101.76) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.52 (89.36) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.32 (84.31) </td> <td style="background: #73FF73; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.57 (90.57) </td> <td style="background: #4BFF4B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.75 (120.57) </td> <td style="background: #63FF63; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.98 (101.16) </td> <td style="background: #4EFF4E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.66 (118.46) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.05 (1,195.04) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5 (−7.5) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9 (−7.3) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4 (−4.2) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.6 (0.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.3 (7.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.9 (13.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.9 (16.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.5 (16.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.4 (13.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.2 (6.8) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4 (0.8) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8 (−4.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.8 (4.4) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: PRISM Climate Group<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_locations_by_per_capita_income" title="List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income">List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1635</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">900</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1765</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,427</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+391.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1776</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,337</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+20.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1790_United_States_census" title="1790 United States census">1790</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,921</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+48.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1800_United_States_census" title="1800 United States census">1800</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">9,457</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+19.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,613</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+33.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,731</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">13,895</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">15,082</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">20,264</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+34.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">22,252</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,117</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">27,563</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">30,801</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">35,956</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+16.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">43,697</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">42,529</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">43,353</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">41,213</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−4.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">41,880</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">39,211</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−6.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">40,556</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">38,220</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">38,091</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">40,407</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+6.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">41,340</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">44,480</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">44,722</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.5%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"> Source: <a href="/wiki/United_States_census" title="United States census">United States census</a> records and <a href="/wiki/Population_Estimates_Program" title="Population Estimates Program">Population Estimates Program</a> data.<a href="#cite_note-2010_Census-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-2000-2009_PopulationEstimates-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-1990_Census-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-1980_Census-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-1950_Census-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-1920_Census-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-1890_Census-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-1870_Census-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-1860_Census-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-1850_Census-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-1950_Census_Urban_populations_since_1790-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-ColonialPop-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Source: <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">U.S. Decennial Census<a href="#cite_note-DecennialCensus-75">[75]</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Throughout the colonial period and thereafter, Salem was one of the largest municipalities in the United States; as late as the <a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820 census</a>, Salem was ranked in the top ten cities in the country by population, and would not drop out of the top 100 until the 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-census1998-76">[76]</a> As of the <a href="/wiki/Census" title="Census">census</a><a href="#cite_note-GR2-77">[77]</a> of 2010, there were 41,340 people, 19,130 households, and 9,708 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,986.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,925.1/km2). There were 18,175 housing units at an average density of 2,242.7 per square mile (865.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 81.5% <a href="/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White (U.S. Census)">White</a>, 4.9% <a href="/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="African American (U.S. Census)">African American</a>, 0.2% <a href="/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American (U.S. Census)">Native American</a>, 2.6% <a href="/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian (U.S. Census)">Asian</a>, 0.1% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)">Pacific Islander</a>, 6.7% from <a href="/wiki/Race_(United_States_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (United States Census)">other races</a>, and 2.5% from two or more races. <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hispanic (U.S. Census)">Hispanic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino (U.S. Census)">Latino</a> of any race were 15.6% of the population (9.1% <a href="/wiki/Dominican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominican American">Dominican</a>, 2.9% <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Ricans in the United States">Puerto Rican</a>, 0.5% <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican</a>, 0.3% <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan American">Guatemalan</a>).<a href="#cite_note-SALEM2010CENSUS-78">[78]</a> Non-Hispanic <a href="/wiki/Whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Whites">Whites</a> were 75.9% of the population in 2010,<a href="#cite_note-SALEM2010CENSUS-78">[78]</a> compared to 95.9% in 1980.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> There were 17,492 households, out of which 24.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.8% were <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">married couples</a> living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.5% were non-families. Of all households 34.9% were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.95. In the city, the population was spread out, with 20.2% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $44,033, and the median income for a family was $55,635. Males had a median income of $38,563 versus $31,374 for females. The <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> for the city was $23,857. About 6.3% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the <a href="/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a>, including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District" title="Chestnut Street District">Chestnut Street District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site" title="Salem Maritime National Historic Site">Salem Maritime National Historic Site</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historic_homes">Historic homes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Historic homes">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Pickman_House" title="Pickman House">Pickman House</a>, built <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1664, abuts the Witch Memorial and Burying Point Cemetery, the second oldest burying ground in the United States. The <a href="/wiki/Gedney_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Gedney House">Gedney House</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Historic_house_museum" title="Historic house museum">historic house museum</a> built <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1665 and is the 2nd oldest house in Salem. One of the most popular houses in Salem is <a href="/wiki/The_Witch_House" title="The Witch House">The Witch House</a>, the only structure in Salem with direct ties to the <a href="/wiki/Salem_witch_trials" title="Salem witch trials">Salem witch trials</a> of 1692. The Witch House is owned and operated by the City of Salem as a historic house museum.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Hall_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Hamilton Hall (Salem, Massachusetts)">Hamilton Hall</a> is located on Chestnut Street, where many grand mansions can be traced to the roots of the <a href="/wiki/Old_China_Trade" title="Old China Trade">Old China Trade</a>. Hamilton Hall was built in 1805 by Samuel McIntire and is considered one of his best pieces. It was declared a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> by the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> in 1970. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Witch-related_tourism">Witch-related tourism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Witch-related tourism">edit</a>]</div> In recent years, tourism has been an occasional source of debate in the city, with some residents arguing the city should downplay witch tourism and market itself as a more upscale cultural center. In 2005, the conflict came to a head over plans by the cable television network <a href="/wiki/TV_Land" title="TV Land">TV Land</a> to erect a bronze statue of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Montgomery" title="Elizabeth Montgomery">Elizabeth Montgomery</a>, who played the comic witch "Samantha" in the 1960s series <a href="/wiki/Bewitched" title="Bewitched">Bewitched</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bewitched-81">[81]</a> A few special episodes of the series were actually filmed in Salem, and TV Land said that the statue commemorated the 35th anniversary of those episodes. The statue was sculpted by <a href="/wiki/StudioEIS" title="StudioEIS">StudioEIS</a> under the direction of brothers Elliott and Ivan Schwartz. Many felt the statue was good fun and appropriate to a city that promotes itself as "The Witch City", and contains a street named "Witch Way". Others objected to the use of public property for what was transparently commercial promotion.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> There is also a memorial to the victims of the infamous Witch Trials at Proctor's Ledge, the execution site from that time. The memorial is "meant to be a place of reflection" for the city.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_tourist_attractions">Other tourist attractions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other tourist attractions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Friendship_of_Salem.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Friendship_of_Salem.JPG/220px-Friendship_of_Salem.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Friendship_of_Salem.JPG/330px-Friendship_of_Salem.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Friendship_of_Salem.JPG/440px-Friendship_of_Salem.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="1496" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Friendship_of_Salem" title="Friendship of Salem">Friendship of Salem</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> replica docked off of Derby Street</figcaption></figure> In 2000, the replica tall ship <a href="/wiki/Friendship_of_Salem" title="Friendship of Salem">Friendship of Salem</a> was finished and sailed to Salem Harbor, where she sits today. The Friendship of Salem<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> is a reconstruction of a 171-foot (52 m) three-masted East Indiaman trading ship, originally built in 1797, which traveled the world over a dozen times and returned to Salem after each voyage with goods from all over the world. The original was taken by the British during the War of 1812, then stripped and sold in pieces.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> In 2006, with the assistance of a 1.6 million dollar grant and additional funds provided by the City of Salem,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Mayor Driscoll launched The Nathaniel Bowditch, a 92-foot catamaran with a top speed of 30 knots which makes the trip between Salem and Boston in just under an hour.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-93">[93]</a> Waterfront redevelopment – The first step in the redevelopment was in 2006, when the State of Massachusetts gave Salem $1,000,000.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-94">[94]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Bowditch" title="Nathaniel Bowditch">Bowditch</a>, who was born in Salem and had a home on North Street, is considered the founder of modern maritime navigation. His book, <a href="/wiki/Bowditch%27s_American_Practical_Navigator" title="Bowditch's American Practical Navigator">Bowditch's American Practical Navigator</a>, first published in 1802, is still carried on board every commissioned U.S. naval vessel.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The original Fame was a fast Chebacco fishing <a href="/wiki/Schooner" title="Schooner">schooner</a> that was reborn as a privateer when war broke out in the summer of 1812. She was arguably the first American privateer to bring home a prize, and she made 20 more captures before being wrecked in the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Fundy" title="Bay of Fundy">Bay of Fundy</a> in 1814. The new Fame is a full-scale replica of this famous schooner. Framed and planked of white oak and <a href="/wiki/Trunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Trunnel">trunnel</a>-fastened in the traditional manner, the replica of Fame was launched in 2003. She is now based at Salem's Pickering Wharf Marina, where she takes the paying public for cruises on Salem Sound.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Salem Harborwalk opened in July 2010 to celebrate the rebirth of the Salem waterfront as a source of recreation for visitors as well as the local community. The 1,100-foot (340 m) walkway extends from the area of the Salem Fire Station to the Salem Waterfront Hotel.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG/220px-Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG/330px-Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG/440px-Peabody_Essex_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2856" data-file-height="1956" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Essex_Museum" title="Peabody Essex Museum">Peabody Essex Museum</a></figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Essex_Museum" title="Peabody Essex Museum">Peabody Essex Museum</a> is a leading museum of Asian art and culture and early American maritime trade and whaling; its collections of Indian, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese art, and in particular Chinese export porcelain, are among the finest in the country. Founded in 1799, it is one of the oldest continuously operating museums in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The museum owns and exhibits a number of historic houses in downtown Salem. In 2003, it completed a massive $100 million renovation and expansion, designed by architect <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Safdie" title="Moshe Safdie">Moshe Safdie</a>, and moved a 200-year-old 16-room Chinese home from <a href="/wiki/Xiuning_County" title="Xiuning County">Xiuning County</a> in southeastern China to the grounds of the museum.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In 2011, the Peabody Essex Museum announced it had raised $550 million with plans to raise an additional $100 million by 2016.<a href="#cite_note-wickedlocal.com-4">[4]</a> The Boston Globe reported this was the largest capital campaign in the museum's history vaulting the Peabody Essex into the top tier of major art museums.<a href="#cite_note-The_Boston_Globe-5">[5]</a> The Peabody Essex Museum trustees co-chairs <a href="/wiki/CrossHarbor_Capital_Partners#Sam_Byrne" title="CrossHarbor Capital Partners">Sam Byrne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Affiliated_Managers_Group#Sean_M._Healey" title="Affiliated Managers Group">Sean Healey</a> with board president Robert Shapiro led the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-pem.org-6">[6]</a>$200 to $250 million will fund the museum's 175,000-square-foot expansion bringing the total square footage to 425,000 square feet.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Misery_Islands" title="Misery Islands">Misery Islands</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Nature_reserve" title="Nature reserve">nature reserve</a> located in Salem Sound that was established in 1935. It is managed by the <a href="/wiki/Trustees_of_Reservations" class="mw-redirect" title="Trustees of Reservations">Trustees of Reservations</a>. The islands' name come from shipbuilder Robert Moulton who was stranded on the islands during a winter storm in the 1620s. The islands, in the past, have been home to a club with a golf course and about two dozen cottages. The islands are now uninhabited.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Village_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Pioneer Village (Salem, Massachusetts)">Pioneer Village</a>, created in 1930, was America's first living-history museum. The site features a three-acre re-creation of a Puritan village and allows visitors the opportunity to participate in activities from the lives of Salem's earliest English settlers.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Salem_Jail,_Post_Renovation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Old_Salem_Jail%2C_Post_Renovation.jpg/220px-Old_Salem_Jail%2C_Post_Renovation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Old_Salem_Jail%2C_Post_Renovation.jpg/330px-Old_Salem_Jail%2C_Post_Renovation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Old_Salem_Jail%2C_Post_Renovation.jpg/440px-Old_Salem_Jail%2C_Post_Renovation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5115" data-file-height="3415" /></a><figcaption>Old Salem Jail after renovations</figcaption></figure> The Old Salem Jail, an active correctional facility until 1991, once housed captured British soldiers from the War of 1812. It contains the main jail building (built in 1813, renovated in 1884), the jail keeper's house (1813) and a barn (also about 1813). The jail was shuttered in 1991 when Essex County opened its new facility in Middleton. In 2010, a $12 million renovation was completed.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> One feature of the reconstruction is the jail keeper's house, a three-story brick, Federal-period building originally built in 1813. The project went into a long phase of stagnation when in 1999 the county government was dissolved, resulting in the sale of Salem Jail by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts to the City of Salem for $1.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> The Old Salem Jail complex was renamed 50 Saint Peter Street and is now private property, with private residences.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salem_Willows_Path.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Salem_Willows_Path.jpg/220px-Salem_Willows_Path.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Salem_Willows_Path.jpg/330px-Salem_Willows_Path.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Salem_Willows_Path.jpg/440px-Salem_Willows_Path.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Salem Willows</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Salem_Willows" title="Salem Willows">Salem Willows</a> is an oceanfront neighborhood and amusement park. It is named for the European <a href="/wiki/White_willow" class="mw-redirect" title="White willow">white willow</a> trees planted there in 1801 to form a shaded walk for patients convalescing at a nearby smallpox hospital. The area became a public park in 1858, and in the twentieth century became a summer destination for residents of Boston's <a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="North Shore (Massachusetts)">North Shore</a>, many of whom escaped the heat of the city on newly popular streetcars. The beaches are also a common place to watch the 4th of July fireworks since you can see three sets of fireworks; Salem, Beverly, and Marblehead. The Willows also has a famous popcorn stand, Hobbs, which is known around the North Shore as one of the best places to get popcorn and ice cream. In 1855, located on 210 Essex Street, was founded the <a href="/wiki/Salem_Five_Cents_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Salem Five Cents Bank">Salem Five Cents Bank</a>, one of the oldest still functioning American banks. <a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Points_of_interest">Points of interest</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Points of interest">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg/220px-SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg/330px-SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg/440px-SalemMassCustomHouseNaturalization1ty13541.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Naturalization" title="Naturalization">Naturalization</a> ceremony on the stairs of the Custom House, Salem Maritime National Historic Site</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Salem,_Massachusetts" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Salem, Massachusetts">National Register of Historic Places listings in Salem, Massachusetts</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crowninshield-Bentley_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Crowninshield-Bentley House">Crowninshield-Bentley House</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1727–1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gedney_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Gedney House">Gedney House</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1665), one of the oldest homes in Salem; located on High Street and Summer Street</li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Seven_Gables" title="House of the Seven Gables">House of the Seven Gables</a> (1668)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tucker_Daland_House" title="John Tucker Daland House">John Tucker Daland House</a> (1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story_House" title="Joseph Story House">Joseph Story House</a> (1811)</li> <li>White-Lord House (1811) 31 Washington Square</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner-Pingree_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardner-Pingree House">Gardner-Pingree House</a> (1804) Built by Samuel McIntire. Owned by Captain Joseph White who was murdered in the home in 1830 by his nephew Stephen White.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District" title="Chestnut Street District">Chestnut Street District</a>, also known as the McIntire Historic District,<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> greatest concentration of 17th and 18th century domestic structures in the U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Church_in_Salem" title="First Church in Salem">First Church in Salem</a>, Unitarian Universalist, founded in 1629.</li> <li>John Hodges House (1788) Built for the founder of the Salem East India Marine Society who founded what is now the Peabody Essex Museum.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Derby House">Derby House</a> (1762) First brick house built in Salem after another man had died of a cold who lived in a brick home. Home of America's first millionaire ranked the 10th richest in history.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misery_Islands" title="Misery Islands">Misery Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Bowditch_House" title="Nathaniel Bowditch House">Nathaniel Bowditch House</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1805), home of the founder of modern navigation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne_Birthplace" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne Birthplace">Nathaniel Hawthorne Birthplace</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1730–1745)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody_Essex_Museum" title="Peabody Essex Museum">Peabody Essex Museum</a> (1799), oldest continually operated museum in America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peirce-Nichols_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Peirce-Nichols House">Peirce-Nichols House</a>, home of Jerathmiel Peirce, owner of the <a href="/wiki/Friendship_of_Salem" title="Friendship of Salem">Friendship of Salem</a>. Designed by noted architect Samuel McIntire.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_Library_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phillips Library (Salem, Massachusetts)">Phillips Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickering_House_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Pickering House (Salem, Massachusetts)">Pickering House</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1651), Broad Street</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Village_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Pioneer Village (Salem, Massachusetts)">Pioneer Village</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1930), Forest River Park</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropes_Mansion" title="Ropes Mansion">Ropes Mansion</a> (late 1720s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Athenaeum" title="Salem Athenaeum">Salem Athenaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Common_Historic_District_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Salem Common Historic District (Salem, Massachusetts)">Salem Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Maritime_National_Historic_Site" title="Salem Maritime National Historic Site">Salem Maritime National Historic Site</a>, the only remaining intact waterfront from the U.S. age of sail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem_Willows" title="Salem Willows">Salem Willows</a> Park (1858), a small oceanfront amusement park</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Phillips_House" title="Stephen Phillips House">Stephen Phillips House</a> (1800 & 1821)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Island" title="Winter Island">Winter Island</a>, park and historic point of the U.S. Coast Guard in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> for <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boat</a> patrol</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Witch_House" title="The Witch House">The Witch House</a>, the home of the <a href="/wiki/Salem_witch_trials" title="Salem witch trials">Salem witch trials</a> investigator <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Corwin" title="Jonathan Corwin">Jonathan Corwin</a>, and the only building still standing in Salem with direct ties to the witch trials</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Count_Orlok%27s_Nightmare_Gallery" title="Count Orlok's Nightmare Gallery">Count Orlok's Nightmare Gallery</a>, a horror film museum</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salem_points_of_interest">Salem points of interest</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Salem points of interest">edit</a>]</div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:House_of_the_Seven_Gables_(front_angle)_-_Salem,_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The House of the Seven Gables"><img alt="The House of the Seven Gables" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/240px-House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/360px-House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/480px-House_of_the_Seven_Gables_%28front_angle%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Seven_Gables" title="House of the Seven Gables">House of the Seven Gables</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gallows Hill Park. Formerly believed to be the site of the executions during the Witch Trials."><img alt="Gallows Hill Park. Formerly believed to be the site of the executions during the Witch Trials." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg/240px-GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg/360px-GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg/480px-GallowsHillPark_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gallows Hill Park. Formerly believed to be the site of the executions during the Witch Trials.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Pickman House, built c. 1664, believed to be Salem's oldest surviving building"><img alt="The Pickman House, built c. 1664, believed to be Salem's oldest surviving building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg/135px-PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg/202px-PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg/270px-PickmanHouse_Salem_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Pickman House, built <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1664, believed to be Salem's oldest surviving building</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedney_House_(exterior)_-_Salem,_Massachusetts.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Gedney House (1665) on High Street"><img alt="The Gedney House (1665) on High Street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gedney_House_%28exterior%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG/240px-Gedney_House_%28exterior%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gedney_House_%28exterior%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG/360px-Gedney_House_%28exterior%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gedney_House_%28exterior%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG/480px-Gedney_House_%28exterior%29_-_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Gedney House (1665) on High Street</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102px;"><a href="/wiki/File:2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salem Common bandshell in 2005"><img alt="Salem Common bandshell in 2005" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg/153px-2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg/230px-2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg/306px-2005_Common_SalemMA_5198644909.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1604" data-file-height="1884" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Salem_Common_Historic_District_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Salem Common Historic District (Salem, Massachusetts)">Salem Common</a> <a href="/wiki/Bandshell" class="mw-redirect" title="Bandshell">bandshell</a> in 2005</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 139.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 137.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hamilton_Hall_(Salem).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hamilton Hall (1805), 9 Chestnut Street"><img alt="Hamilton Hall (1805), 9 Chestnut Street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Hamilton_Hall_%28Salem%29.jpg/206px-Hamilton_Hall_%28Salem%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Hamilton_Hall_%28Salem%29.jpg/309px-Hamilton_Hall_%28Salem%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Hamilton_Hall_%28Salem%29.jpg/412px-Hamilton_Hall_%28Salem%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2182" data-file-height="1908" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Hall_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Hamilton Hall (Salem, Massachusetts)">Hamilton Hall</a> (1805), 9 Chestnut Street</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 170.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 168.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peirce-Nichols House (1782), 80 Federal Street"><img alt="Peirce-Nichols House (1782), 80 Federal Street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg/253px-Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg/380px-Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg/506px-Peirce-Nichols_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2844" data-file-height="2024" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Peirce-Nichols_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Peirce-Nichols House">Peirce-Nichols House</a> (1782), 80 <a href="/wiki/Federal_Street_District" title="Federal Street District">Federal Street</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phillips House (1800), 34 Chestnut Street"><img alt="Phillips House (1800), 34 Chestnut Street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg/271px-Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg/406px-Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg/542px-Stephen_Phillips_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Phillips_House" title="Stephen Phillips House">Phillips House</a> (1800), 34 <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District" title="Chestnut Street District">Chestnut Street</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Ward_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="John Ward House (1684)"><img alt="John Ward House (1684)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/John_Ward_House.jpg/271px-John_Ward_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/John_Ward_House.jpg/406px-John_Ward_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/John_Ward_House.jpg/542px-John_Ward_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">John Ward House (1684)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Kitchen,_Governor%27s_Faire_House,_The_Pioneers%27_Village,_Salem,_Mass_(83010).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pioneer Village, a re-creation of the first Puritan settlement in 1630"><img alt="Pioneer Village, a re-creation of the first Puritan settlement in 1630" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kitchen%2C_Governor%27s_Faire_House%2C_The_Pioneers%27_Village%2C_Salem%2C_Mass_%2883010%29.jpg/281px-Kitchen%2C_Governor%27s_Faire_House%2C_The_Pioneers%27_Village%2C_Salem%2C_Mass_%2883010%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kitchen%2C_Governor%27s_Faire_House%2C_The_Pioneers%27_Village%2C_Salem%2C_Mass_%2883010%29.jpg/422px-Kitchen%2C_Governor%27s_Faire_House%2C_The_Pioneers%27_Village%2C_Salem%2C_Mass_%2883010%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kitchen%2C_Governor%27s_Faire_House%2C_The_Pioneers%27_Village%2C_Salem%2C_Mass_%2883010%29.jpg/562px-Kitchen%2C_Governor%27s_Faire_House%2C_The_Pioneers%27_Village%2C_Salem%2C_Mass_%2883010%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3345" data-file-height="2142" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Village_(Salem,_Massachusetts)" title="Pioneer Village (Salem, Massachusetts)">Pioneer Village</a>, a re-creation of the first Puritan settlement in 1630</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> Salem is represented in the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Court" title="Massachusetts General Court">state legislature</a> by officials elected from the following districts: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate%27s_2nd_Essex_district" title="Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Essex district">Massachusetts Senate's 2nd Essex district</a><a href="#cite_note-Acts2011-108">[108]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_House_of_Representatives%27_7th_Essex_district" title="Massachusetts House of Representatives' 7th Essex district">Massachusetts House of Representatives' 7th Essex district</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="float:center; margin:1em; font-size:95%;"> <caption>Salem presidential election results<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:lightgrey;"> <th>Year </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Third_party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third party (United States)">Third parties</a> </th> <th>Total Votes </th> <th>Margin </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2020 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2020</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">75.04% 18,023 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">22.62% 5,433 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">2.34% 562 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">24,018 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">52.42% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2016 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2016</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">69.23% 14,950 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">25.27% 5,458 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">5.50% 1,187 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">21,595 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">43.95% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2012</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">68.93% 13,605 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">29.00% 5,725 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">2.07% 408 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">19,738 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">39.92% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2008 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2008</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">68.08% 13,080 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">29.15% 5,601 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">2.77% 532 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">19,213 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">38.93% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2004 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2004</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">67.94% 12,286 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">30.76% 5,563 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">1.29% 234 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">18,083 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">37.18% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="2000 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">2000</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">66.29% 11,173 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">25.99% 4,380 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">7.72% 1,302 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">16,855 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">40.30% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1996 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1996</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">66.78% 10,436 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">21.95% 3,430 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">11.27% 1,762 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">15,628 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">44.83% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1992 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1992</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">52.49% 9,385 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">25.00% 4,471 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">22.51% 4,025 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">17,881 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">27.48% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1988 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1988</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">59.55% 10,339 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">38.60% 6,702 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">1.85% 322 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">17,363 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">20.95% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1984 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1984</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">55.13% 9,377 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">44.49% 7,567 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.38% 64 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">17,008 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">10.64% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1980 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1980</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">45.00% 8,137 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">35.27% 6,378 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">19.73% 3,568 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">18,083 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">9.73% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1976 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1976</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">62.34% 11,474 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">32.99% 6,072 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">4.67% 859 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">18,405 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">29.35% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1972 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1972</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">65.91% 12,489 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">33.53% 6,354 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.56% 106 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">18,949 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">32.38% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1968_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1968 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1968</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">76.11% 13,732 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">21.25% 3,834 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">2.64% 477 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">18,043 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">54.86% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1964_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1964 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1964</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">85.65% 16,918 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">14.05% 2,776 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.30% 59 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">19,753 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">71.59% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1960 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1960</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">75.22% 15,879 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">24.57% 5,188 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.21% 44 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">21,111 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">50.64% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6"><a href="/wiki/1956_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1956 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1956</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">48.27% 10,030 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">51.55% 10,710 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.18% 37 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">20,777 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">3.27% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1952_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1952 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1952</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">54.10% 12,056 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">45.57% 10,155 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.33% 74 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">22,285 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">8.53% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1948_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1948 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1948</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">64.14% 13,789 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">33.93% 7,294 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">1.93% 414 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">21,497 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">30.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1944 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1944</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">60.97% 11,975 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">38.84% 7,628 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.20% 39 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">19,642 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">22.13% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election_in_Massachusetts" title="1940 United States presidential election in Massachusetts">1940</a> </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">60.77% 12,824 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#FFB6B6">38.46% 8,116 </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#DCDCDC">0.78% 164 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">21,104 </td> <td align="center" style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF">22.31% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salem_State_University">Salem State University</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Salem State University">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Salem_State_University" title="Salem State University">Salem State University</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> is the largest of the nine schools comprising the state university system in Massachusetts (the five <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts" title="University of Massachusetts">University of Massachusetts</a> campuses are a separate system), with 7,500 undergraduates and 2,500 graduate students;<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> its five campuses encompass 115 acres (0.47 km2) and include 33 buildings. The Salem State Foundation hosts an annual lecture series, featuring high-profile speakers from around the world.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> was originally built in the 1950s and in January 2014 a $18,600,000 project was announced with development.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> The university was founded in 1854 as the Salem Normal School (for teacher training) based on the educational principles espoused by <a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann" title="Horace Mann">Horace Mann</a>, considered to be the "Father of American Public Education."<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Salem State University enrolls over 10,000 undergraduate and graduate students representing 27 states and 57 foreign countries and is one of the largest state universities in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The university also offers Continuing Education courses for credit or non-credit. Situated on five campuses totaling 115 acres (0.47 km2). Currently, the university houses 2,000 students in its five residence facilities. In 2013 the $74 million, 122,000-square-foot library is going to open on the Salem State University campus.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> The new library will have more than 150 public computers and 1,000 seats of study space, from tables and desks to lounge chairs scattered throughout the building.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> On July 28, 2010 <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">Governor of Massachusetts</a> <a href="/wiki/Deval_Patrick" title="Deval Patrick">Deval Patrick</a> signed into law a bill that transforms Salem State College into <a href="/wiki/Salem_State_University" title="Salem State University">Salem State University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Salem State University plans to build a $36 to $42 million dorm for 350 to 400 students. Construction starts in the spring of 2014.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In April 2014, Salem State University announced a $25,000,000 fund, and at the time of the announcement, there was already $15,000,000 committed from donations and the money will be used for a variety of things from expanding international study programs, more faculty, brand new computers, scholarships and continued support of professional development for the staff.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_education">Primary and secondary education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Primary and secondary education">edit</a>]</div> Public elementary schools include the Bates, Carlton, Horace Mann, Saltonstall and Witchcraft Heights schools. Collins Middle School is located on Highland Avenue.<a href="#cite_note-profiles.doe.mass.edu-125">[125]</a> Horace Mann and <a href="/wiki/Salem_High_School_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem High School (Massachusetts)">Salem High School</a> are located on Wilson Street. The Nathaniel Bowditch School closed in 2018 and the Horace Mann School relocated to their previous location. Salem Academy Charter School and Bentley Academy Charter School are also public schools.<a href="#cite_note-profiles.doe.mass.edu-125">[125]</a> Private schools are also located in the city, including two independent, alternative schools, The Phoenix School<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> and the Greenhouse School. In late 2007 and early 2008, the city's public school system garnered regional and even national attention after officials announced a $4.7 million budget shortfall that threatened the jobs of teachers and other staff members. The Massachusetts General Court passed legislation, and residents raised enough money, which averted teacher layoffs. Several dozen support workers were still laid off.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Police were investigating what happened to the money in a search for criminal violations of the law.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Salem also once had a very strong <a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Roman Catholic school system</a>. Once home to almost a dozen schools, the last school in the city, St. Joseph School, closed in July 2009 after over 100 years of providing Catholic education. St. James High School, St. Chretienne Academy, St. Chretienne Grammar School and St. Mary's School closed in 1971, St. James Grammar School closed in 1972, St. Thomas the Apostle School closed in 1973, St. Anne School closed in 1976, St. John the Baptist School closed in 1977 and St. Joseph High School closed in 1980.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film,_literature,_and_television_in_Salem">Film, literature, and television in Salem</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Film, literature, and television in Salem">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The silent movie <a href="/wiki/Java_Head_(1923_film)" title="Java Head (1923 film)">Java Head</a> was filmed on location in Salem in 1922.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a></li> <li>In June 1970, episode 205 of <a href="/wiki/Bewitched" title="Bewitched">Bewitched</a> was filmed in Salem.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hocus_Pocus_(1993_film)" title="Hocus Pocus (1993 film)">Hocus Pocus</a> was filmed in Salem, which is also the setting of both the movie and its sequel, <a href="/wiki/Hocus_Pocus_2" title="Hocus Pocus 2">Hocus Pocus 2</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabrina_the_Teenage_Witch_(1996_TV_series)" title="Sabrina the Teenage Witch (1996 TV series)">Sabrina The Teenage Witch</a> filmed an episode in Salem and her black cat familiar was also named Salem.</li> <li>In 2008, scenes from the film <a href="/wiki/Bride_Wars" title="Bride Wars">Bride Wars</a> were filmed here.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a></li> <li>The 2012 <a href="/wiki/Rob_Zombie" title="Rob Zombie">Rob Zombie</a> movie <a href="/wiki/The_Lords_of_Salem_(film)" title="The Lords of Salem (film)">The Lords of Salem</a> was set and filmed in Salem.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a></li> <li>Some interior and street scenes for 2013's <a href="/wiki/American_Hustle" title="American Hustle">American Hustle</a> were filmed on Federal St. in Salem outside the Essex Superior Court House and Old Granite Courthouse.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li>The comedy film <a href="/wiki/Hubie_Halloween" title="Hubie Halloween">Hubie Halloween</a> starring Adam Sandler was filmed in Salem in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-patch.com-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-boston.com-139">[139]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Roads">Roads</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Roads">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG/220px-Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG/330px-Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG/440px-Veterans_Memorial_Bridge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Veterans Memorial Bridge between Salem and <a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></figcaption></figure> The connection between Salem and Beverly is made across the Danvers River and Beverly Harbor by three bridges, the Kernwood Bridge to the west, and a railroad bridge and the Essex Bridge, from the land between Collins Cove and the North River, to the east. The <a href="/wiki/Veterans_Memorial_Bridge_(Essex_County,_Massachusetts)" title="Veterans Memorial Bridge (Essex County, Massachusetts)">Veterans Memorial Bridge</a> carries <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_1A" title="Massachusetts Route 1A">Massachusetts Route 1A</a> across the river. Route 1A passes through the eastern side of the city, through South Salem towards Swampscott. For much of its length in the city, it is coextensive with <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_114" title="Massachusetts Route 114">Route 114</a>, which goes north from Marblehead before merging with Route 1A, and then heading northwest from downtown towards Lawrence. <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_107" title="Massachusetts Route 107">Route 107</a> also passes through town, entering from Lynn in the southwest corner of the city before heading towards its intersection with Route 114 and terminating at Route 1A. There is no highway access within the city; the nearest highway access to <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Route_128" title="Massachusetts Route 128">Route 128</a> is along Route 114 in neighboring Peabody. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rail">Rail</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Rail">edit</a>]</div> Salem has a <a href="/wiki/Salem_(MBTA_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salem (MBTA station)">station</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Newburyport/Rockport_Line" title="Newburyport/Rockport Line">Newburyport/Rockport Line</a> of the <a href="/wiki/MBTA_Commuter_Rail" title="MBTA Commuter Rail">MBTA Commuter Rail</a>. The railroad lines are also connected to a semi-abandoned portion of freight lines which lead into Peabody, and a former line into Marblehead has been converted into a bike path. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bus">Bus</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Bus">edit</a>]</div> Several <a href="/wiki/List_of_MBTA_bus_routes#411-465" title="List of MBTA bus routes">MBTA Bus</a> routes pass through the city. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Salem_Skipper">Salem Skipper</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Salem Skipper">edit</a>]</div> The City of Salem launched a microtransit network called the Salem Skipper in December 2020.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-141">[141]</a> The on-demand transit network is operated by <a href="/wiki/Via_Transportation" title="Via Transportation">Via</a> and allows riders to share the same vehicle for approximately the same price as a <a href="/wiki/MBTA_bus" title="MBTA bus">MBTA Bus</a> ticket. Passengers can hail a ride on their <a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">mobile device</a> with the Salem Skipper app, or by calling a dispatcher.<a href="#cite_note-:1-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airports">Airports</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Airports">edit</a>]</div> The nearest <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a> airport is <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Municipal_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Municipal Airport">Beverly Municipal Airport</a>, and the nearest commercial airline service for national and international flights is at Boston's <a href="/wiki/Logan_International_Airport" title="Logan International Airport">Logan International Airport</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Salem_Ferry">The Salem Ferry</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: The Salem Ferry">edit</a>]</div> The Nathaniel Bowditch is a 92-foot (28 m) high-speed <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamaran</a> that travels from Salem to Boston in 50 minutes from May to October and had its maiden voyage on June 22, 2006. The Salem Ferry is named after <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Bowditch" title="Nathaniel Bowditch">Nathaniel Bowditch</a>, who was from Salem and wrote the <a href="/wiki/American_Practical_Navigator" class="mw-redirect" title="American Practical Navigator">American Practical Navigator</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Salem_Harbor_Plan-142">[142]</a> Ridership increased every year from 2006 to 2010, when it peaked with 89,000, but in 2011 service was cut back because of the dramatic rise in fuel prices.<a href="#cite_note-Salemnews.com-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-Salem_may_dump_ferry_operator-144">[144]</a> The Salem Ferry is docked at the <a href="/wiki/Derby_Waterfront_District" title="Derby Waterfront District">Derby Waterfront District</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bostonharborcruises.com-145">[145]</a> The ferry was purchased by the City of Salem with the use of grant money that covered 90 percent of the $2.1 million purchase price.<a href="#cite_note-http-146">[146]</a> Because of the cutback in service during the 2011 season, Mayor <a href="/wiki/Kim_Driscoll" title="Kim Driscoll">Kim Driscoll</a> is now seeking a new operator who can run the ferry seven days a week from May to October.<a href="#cite_note-The_Salem_Ferry-147">[147]</a> For the 2012 season Boston Harbor Cruises took over the running of the Salem Ferry with seven-day service and a Monday to Friday 7 a.m. commuter ferry to Boston.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-89">[89]</a> The Salem Ferry will be running seven days a week for the 2012 season starting the first weekend in June and going through to Halloween.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-90">[90]</a> Boston Harbor Cruises, the contractor that operates the city's commuter ferry to Boston, runs their largest and fastest vessel between Salem and <a href="/wiki/Hingham,_Massachusetts" title="Hingham, Massachusetts">Hingham</a> for the last two weekends in October. The company's high-speed ferry service to <a href="/wiki/Provincetown,_Massachusetts" title="Provincetown, Massachusetts">Provincetown</a> concludes in October, freeing up its 600-passenger boat for service between Salem and Hingham. The ferry ride between Hingham and Salem takes one hour. With traffic, especially around Halloween, the drive between Salem and Hingham could be three hours or more.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> For the 2013 season, service was expected to start in the last week of May. The Salem City councilors approved a five-year contract with Boston Harbor Cruises to operate the city's commuter ferry from 2013 to 2017.<a href="#cite_note-auto-92">[92]</a> Also new for the 2013 season, Boston Harbor Cruises will offer a 20 percent discount to Salem residents for non-commuter tickets. The City of Salem has approved a seasonal restaurant with a liquor license at The Salem Ferry dock to be operated by Boston Harbor Cruises. The plan is to build a 600-square-foot (56 m2) building plus patio seating.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-93">[93]</a> The latest data from 2015 point to 61,000 riders, with around 11,000 being commuters,<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> according to Boston Harbor Cruises, which runs the Salem Ferry.<a href="#cite_note-bostonharborcruises.com-145">[145]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Electric_car_charge_program">Electric car charge program</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Electric car charge program">edit</a>]</div> Salem has eight stations where drivers can charge their electric cars. Four are located at the Museum Place Mall near the Peabody Essex Museum and the other four are in the South Harbor garage across the street from the Salem Waterfront Hotel.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> The program started in January 2013 and will be free of charge for two years, allowing people to charge their <a href="/wiki/Electric_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric cars">electric cars</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric vehicles</a> for up to six hours. This program was paid for by a <a href="/wiki/Grant_money" class="mw-redirect" title="Grant money">grant</a> from the state of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> due to Salem's status as a Massachusetts Green Community.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Salem_Hospital">Salem Hospital</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Salem Hospital">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (September 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Salem_Hospital_(Massachusetts)" title="Salem Hospital (Massachusetts)">Salem Hospital</a>, formerly North Shore Medical Center, is located in Salem and is the second largest community hospital system in Massachusetts.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] It offers comprehensive medical and surgical services and includes emergency/trauma departments, advanced cardiac surgery, and a birthplace. It includes Salem Hospital's main campus as well as outpatient care and urgent care. Salem Hospital's medical staff includes nearly 600 affiliated physicians representing primary care, family practice and 50 additional sub-specialties.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] The hospital is a general medical and surgical hospital, which has 395 beds. The hospital had 19,467 admissions in the latest year for which data are available. It performed 4,409 annual inpatient and 7,955 outpatient surgeries. Its emergency department had 90,149 visits in 2012. The <a href="/wiki/Helipad" title="Helipad">helipad</a> at Salem Hospital is a <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopter</a> transportation hub, with multiple daily flights to hospitals all over <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] Captain <a href="/wiki/John_Bertram_(Massachusetts_businessman)" title="John Bertram (Massachusetts businessman)">John Bertram</a> (1796–1882) lived in Salem and is the founder of Salem Hospital. In 1873, Captain John Bertram gave a gift of $25,000 in cash, plus a brick mansion on Charter Street to create Salem Hospital. From the original building on Charter Street, Salem Hospital moved to the current location on Highland Avenue in 1917. After John Bertram died in March 1882, his widow donated <a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Street_District#John_Bertram_Mansion" title="Chestnut Street District">their home</a>, a mansion built in the <a href="/wiki/Italianate_architecture" title="Italianate architecture">High Style Italianate</a> with brick and <a href="/wiki/Brownstone" title="Brownstone">brownstone</a> for materials at 370 Essex Street,<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> and this became the Salem Public Library.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Salem_Common_Historic_District_(Salem,_Massachusetts)#John_Bertram_House" title="Salem Common Historic District (Salem, Massachusetts)">John Bertram House</a> is now a home for the elderly.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waterfront_redevelopment">Waterfront redevelopment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Waterfront redevelopment">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem,_Massachusetts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/300px-1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/450px-1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg/600px-1883_bird%27s_eye_view_map_of_Salem%2C_Massachusetts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11304" data-file-height="6978" /></a><figcaption>Map of Salem and Harbor, 1883</figcaption></figure> The first step in the redevelopment was in 2006, when the State of Massachusetts gave Salem $1,000,000.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-94">[94]</a> The lion's share of the money—$750,000—was earmarked for acquisition of the Blaney Street landing, the private, 2-acre (8,100 m2) site off Derby Street used by the ferry, and <a href="/wiki/Salem_Harbor" title="Salem Harbor">Salem Harbor</a>. Another $200,000 was approved for the design of the new Salem wharf, a large pier planned for the landing, which officials said could be used by small cruise ships, commercial vessels and fishing boats. In June 2012, the $1.75 million was awarded by the state of Massachusetts and will launch a first phase of dredging and construction of a 100-foot (30 m) extension of the pier; a harborwalk to improve pedestrian access; and other lighting, landscaping and paving improvements. <a href="/wiki/Dredging" title="Dredging">Dredging</a> will allow the city to attract other ferries, excursion vessels and cruise ships of up to 250 feet (76 m).<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> In October 2010, Mayor Driscoll announced that the city would formally acquire the Blaney Street parcel from Dominion Energy,<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> paving the way for the Salem Wharf project. The City of Salem secured $1.25 million from the Massachusetts Seaport Advisory Council and $2.5 million in federal grant dollars to move forward with the construction of the project. The city acquired the parcel with the help of a $1.7 million grant received from the Seaport Advisory Council.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> The City of Salem's plans call for a total build-out of the current Blaney Street pier, known as the Salem Wharf project. When finished, the Blaney Street pier will be home to small to medium-sized cruise ships, commercial vessels and the Salem Ferry. This project is fully engineered and permitted.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> In 2010, in early phase work to be finished for the 2011 season, a contractor was running underground utility cables and erecting an interim terminal building that will be used by the Salem Ferry, replacing the current trailer. The building will have an indoor bathroom—a first at the ferry landing—along with a waiting room and possibly an outdoor area with awnings. Also new for 2011 is a paved lot with about 140 parking spaces replacing the existing dirt parking lot. Also in 2011, construction crews were building a long seawall at the Blaney Street landing, which runs from the edge of the ferry dock back toward Derby Street and along an inner harbor. This is one of the early and key pieces of the Salem Pier, which the city hopes to have completed by 2014 and is the key to eventually bring cruise ships to Salem.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> At the end of the 2011 season of the Salem Ferry, in the late fall of 2011, after the ferry season ended, contractors were to start building the first section of the T-shaped, 350-foot (110 m) pier. Work on that phase was scheduled to be completed by the fall of 2012. As of April 2011, the City of Salem had secured half of the $20 million and still needed to secure about $10 million in state and federal funds to complete this waterfront pier.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salem_Harbor_Power_Station">Salem Harbor Power Station</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Salem Harbor Power Station">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg/220px-Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg/330px-Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg/440px-Salem_Harbor_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2941" data-file-height="1961" /></a><figcaption>Original Salem Harbor Station in 2012</figcaption></figure> In May 2011, after years of legal battles, protests, and one recent fatal accident, the owner of the <a href="/wiki/Salem_Harbor_Power_Station" title="Salem Harbor Power Station">Salem Harbor Power Station</a> announced it will close down the facility permanently.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> Salem Harbor Station was a 60-year-old power plant that was owned by Dominion of Virginia. With the approval of ISO New England, the 60-year-old coal and oil-fired plant closed for good in June 2014. The City of Salem was awarded a $200,000 grant from the Clean Energy Center prior to the closure of the plant. This grant money is being used to plan for the eventual re-use of the property.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> The City of Salem reached out to state and federal officials to ask for their cooperation and assistance in planning for the future and to provide money, in an effort to clean up the 62-acre site.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg/220px-Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg/330px-Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg/440px-Salem_Harbor_Station_Demolition.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption>The original coal plant (at left) being demolished in 2016, as the single smokestack of the new plant rises</figcaption></figure> Footprint Power,<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> a startup New Jersey–based energy company, announced on June 29, 2012, that it had signed an agreement to acquire Salem Harbor Station from Dominion Energy of Virginia.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> Footprint Power planned to demolish the 63-acre waterfront site that has towering smokestacks, a coal pile, and oil tanks. A city study estimated cleanup costs at more than $50 million. The final plan was to develop a new state-of-the-art natural gas plant on one-third of the original site, reportedly along the Fort Avenue side near the city's ferry landing. The remainder of the waterfront property eventually will be used for commercial and industrial redevelopment, the company said. "The transition will not only stabilize our property tax base, but also provide cleaner, more efficient and reliable energy." Footprint said its plans are consistent with the recommendations of a city study completed earlier that year on the future use of the power plant site.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> The City of Salem required Footprint to demolish the existing plant and stacks. "We will restore some 30 to 40 acres of our waterfront to its vibrant and prosperous past." Mayor Kim Driscoll said she had not "detailed" talks yet with Footprint, but is encouraged by discussions so far.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> Beginning in December 2013, there were many appeals under way from various groups who did not want the plant rebuilt. The main opponent that fought in court was the Conservation Law Foundation,<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> a leading environmental advocacy group intent on blocking the plant from being built.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Abbott_(golfer)" title="Mary Abbott (golfer)">Mary Abbott</a> (1857–1904), writer, reviewer, golfer; mother of the first woman to ever win an Olympic gold medal, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Abbott" title="Margaret Abbott">Margaret Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehemiah_Adams" title="Nehemiah Adams">Nehemiah Adams</a> (1806–1878), clergyman and author<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-nie-174">[174]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Almy" title="Frank Almy">Frank Almy</a> (born George Abbott, 1857–1893), convicted murderer<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a> (1847–1922), inventor of the telephone</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Weston_Benson" title="Frank Weston Benson">Frank Weston Benson</a> (1862–1951), impressionist artist<a href="#cite_note-Bedford13-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-JohnBenson-177">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bedford16to17-178">[178]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Prentiss_Benson" title="John Prentiss Benson">John Prentiss Benson</a> (1865–1947), architect and maritime artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bentley" title="William Bentley">William Bentley</a> (1759–1819), Unitarian minister, Salem diarist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_W._Blakeley" title="Harold W. Blakeley">Harold W. Blakeley</a> (1893–1966), U.S. Army major general<a href="#cite_note-Cyclopaedia-179">[179]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Bowditch" title="Nathaniel Bowditch">Nathaniel Bowditch</a> (1773–1838), mathematician and navigator;<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> Nathaniel Bowditch School is named in his honor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Scott_Bozek" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Scott Bozek">Edward Scott Bozek</a> (1950–2022), Olympic épée <a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">fencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Brunson" title="Rick Brunson">Rick Brunson</a>, NBA player and coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Stellato" class="mw-redirect" title="Sean Stellato">Sean Stellato</a>, NFL agent and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Mansfield_Buffum" title="William Mansfield Buffum">William Mansfield Buffum</a> (1832–1905), member of Arizona Territorial Legislature</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Burgess" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy Burgess">Timothy Burgess</a>, entomologist and zoologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Cabot" title="Laurie Cabot">Laurie Cabot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Witchcraft" title="Witchcraft">Witchcraft</a> high priestess and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ellis_Cahill" title="Robert Ellis Cahill">Robert Ellis Cahill</a> (1934–2005), sheriff, historian and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Charnas" class="mw-redirect" title="Spencer Charnas">Spencer Charnas</a> (1985-present), musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hodges_Choate" title="Joseph Hodges Choate">Joseph Hodges Choate</a> (1832–1917), lawyer and diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Hiller_Lambert_Cleveland" title="Lucy Hiller Lambert Cleveland">Lucy Hiller Lambert Cleveland</a> (1780–1866), writer and folk artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Conant_(Salem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Conant (Salem)">Roger Conant</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1592–1679), founder of Salem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowninshield_family" title="Crowninshield family">Crowninshield family</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Brahmin" title="Boston Brahmin">Boston Brahmins</a> who later helped settle Salem<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Crowninshield" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin Crowninshield">Benjamin Crowninshield</a> (1772–1851), Congressman from Massachusetts, Secretary of the Navy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_M._Davenport" title="Frederick M. Davenport">Frederick M. Davenport</a> (1866–1956), US Congressman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Hasket_Derby" title="Elias Hasket Derby">Elias Hasket Derby</a> (1739–1799), merchant, first millionaire<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Hasket_Derby" title="Elias Hasket Derby">Elias Hasket Derby</a> Jr. (1766–1826), General of Second Corp Cadets, inventor of first broadcloth loom in America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dixon_(inventor)" title="Joseph Dixon (inventor)">Joseph Dixon</a> (1799–1869), Inventor of the SLR, high temperature crucibles, the Dixon-Ticonderoga Pencil, and anti-counterfeiting methods</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Horace_Eaton" title="Joseph Horace Eaton">Joseph Horace Eaton</a> (1815–1896), artist and military officer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Emerton" title="Ephraim Emerton">Ephraim Emerton</a> (1851–1935), medievalist historian and Harvard chair</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Endecott" title="John Endecott">John Endecott</a> (1588–1665), governor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gardner_(planter)" title="Thomas Gardner (planter)">Thomas Gardner</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1592–1674), co-founder of Salem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Groat" title="Robert B. Groat">Robert B. Groat</a> (1888–1959), Printer, publisher, and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hathorne" title="John Hathorne">John Hathorne</a> (1641–1717), the "Hanging Judge" in Salem witch trials</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hathorne" title="William Hathorne">William Hathorne</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1576–1650), early businessman and political leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a> (1804–1864), iconic author of <a href="/wiki/The_Scarlet_Letter" title="The Scarlet Letter">The Scarlet Letter</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Seven_Gables" title="The House of the Seven Gables">The House of the Seven Gables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Amelia_Peabody_Hawthorne" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophia Amelia Peabody Hawthorne">Sophia Amelia Peabody Hawthorne</a> (1809–1871), painter, illustrator, writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tileston_Hemenway" title="Mary Tileston Hemenway">Mary Tileston Hemenway</a> (1820–1894), Sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/Hemenway_Southwestern_Archaeological_Expedition" title="Hemenway Southwestern Archaeological Expedition">Hemenway Southwestern Archaeological Expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hemenway" title="Harriet Hemenway">Harriet Lawrence Hemenway</a> (1858–1960), Founder of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Audubon_Society" title="Massachusetts Audubon Society">Massachusetts Audubon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Juden" title="Jeff Juden">Jeff Juden</a>, Major League Baseball pitcher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Lander" title="Frederick W. Lander">Frederick W. Lander</a> (1821–1862), Civil War general, wagon trail and railroad surveyor, poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Larch" title="John Larch">John Larch</a> (1914–2005), actor<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Leavitt_(minister)" title="Dudley Leavitt (minister)">Dudley Leavitt</a> (1720–1762), early Harvard-educated Congregational minister,<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> Leavitt Street named for him<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_Lord" title="Mary Lou Lord">Mary Lou Lord</a>, singer-songwriter; grew up in Salem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_McIntire" title="Samuel McIntire">Samuel McIntire</a> (1757–1811), architect and woodcarver<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Moore,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Francis W. Moore, Jr.">Francis W. Moore, Jr.</a> (1808–1864), Mayor of Houston<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Oppenheim" title="Rob Oppenheim">Rob Oppenheim</a> (born 1980), professional golfer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grafton_Page" title="Charles Grafton Page">Charles Grafton Page</a> (1812–1868), electrical inventor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Swinnerton_Parker" title="George Swinnerton Parker">George Swinnerton Parker</a> (1866–1952), founder of <a href="/wiki/Parker_Brothers" title="Parker Brothers">Parker Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Parris" title="Samuel Parris">Samuel Parris</a> (1653–1720), minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Palmer_Peabody" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Palmer Peabody">Elizabeth Palmer Peabody</a> (1804–1894), educator, writer, prominent Transcendentalist, advocate for women and <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Peirce" title="Benjamin Peirce">Benjamin Peirce</a> (1809–1880), mathematician and logician, director of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_and_Geodetic_Survey" title="United States Coast and Geodetic Survey">United States Coast Survey</a> from 1867 to 1874</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Stevens_Perkins" title="Annie Stevens Perkins">Annie Stevens Perkins</a> (1868–1946), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Handasyd_Perkins" title="Thomas Handasyd Perkins">Thomas Handasyd Perkins</a> Haitian slave trader up to Slave Revolt, opium dealer, owned Perkins & Co.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Phillips_(reverend)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Phillips (reverend)">Samuel Phillips</a> (1690–1771), first pastor of the <a href="/wiki/South_Church,_Andover,_Massachusetts" title="South Church, Andover, Massachusetts">South Church</a> in Andover<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Pickering" title="Timothy Pickering">Timothy Pickering</a> (1745–1829), secretary of state to Washington and Adams, aide de camp to Washington<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-wills2003-197">[197]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Pickman_Jr." title="Benjamin Pickman Jr.">Benjamin Pickman Jr.</a> (1763–1843), early Salem merchant for whom Pickman Street is named<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Leavitt_Pickman" title="Dudley Leavitt Pickman">Dudley Leavitt Pickman</a> (1779–1846), state legislator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_R._Redmond" title="Ernest R. Redmond">Ernest R. Redmond</a> (1883–1966), <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a> officer and <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_National_Guard_Bureau" title="Chief of the National Guard Bureau">Chief of National Guard</a>;<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> educated in Salem and became real estate agent;<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> served on <a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Mexico–United States border">Mexican border</a> in 1916 during <a href="/wiki/Pancho_Villa_Expedition" title="Pancho Villa Expedition">Pancho Villa Expedition</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Parker_Remond" title="Sarah Parker Remond">Sarah Parker Remond</a> (1826–1894), abolitionist<a href="#cite_note-sterling-204">[204]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Richmond" title="Aaron Richmond">Aaron Richmond</a> (1895–1965), impresario and artist manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_St._Pierre" title="Brian St. Pierre">Brian St. Pierre</a>, quarterback, <a href="/wiki/Boston_College_Eagles_football" title="Boston College Eagles football">Boston College</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Elkins_Sanders" title="Elizabeth Elkins Sanders">Elizabeth Elkins Sanders</a> (1762-1851), American author and social critic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Sanford" title="Zach Sanford">Zach Sanford</a> (born 1994), professional ice hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sewall" title="Samuel Sewall">Samuel Sewall</a> (1652–1730), magistrate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Skelton" title="Samuel Skelton">Samuel Skelton</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1584–1634), first pastor of First Church in Salem, original Puritan church in North America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Stajduhar" title="Mason Stajduhar">Mason Stajduhar</a> (born 1997), soccer player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Story" title="Joseph Story">Joseph Story</a> (1779–1845), Associate Superior Court Justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Swarton" title="Hannah Swarton">Hannah Swarton</a> (1651-1708), colonial pioneer captured by Abenaki Indians and held captive for five years</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Thomas_(television)" title="Steve Thomas (television)">Steve Thomas</a>, former host of PBS's This Old House</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wilder_Tileston" title="Mary Wilder Tileston">Mary Wilder Tileston</a> (1843–1934), author and editor of compilations</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_Louisa_Anna_Very" title="Lydia Louisa Anna Very">Lydia Louisa Anna Very</a> (1823–1901), American author and illustrator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Vila" title="Bob Vila">Bob Vila</a>, craftsman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Townsend_Ward" title="Frederick Townsend Ward">Frederick Townsend Ward</a> (1831-1862), sailor and mercenary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Watson" title="Thomas A. Watson">Thomas A. Watson</a> (1854–1934), assistant to Alexander Graham Bell; his name was the first phrase ever uttered over a telephone<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster" title="Daniel Webster">Daniel Webster</a> (1782–1852), politician and orator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Welch" title="Jack Welch">Jack Welch</a> (1935–2020), former chairman and CEO of <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a>; grew up in Salem and attended Salem High School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams" title="Roger Williams">Roger Williams</a> (1603–1683), theologian</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The television series <a href="/wiki/Motherland:_Fort_Salem" title="Motherland: Fort Salem">Motherland: Fort Salem</a> is based in this place but in an alternate reality or history.</li> <li>In the <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> universe, the character <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Fate" title="Doctor Fate">Doctor Fate</a> uses Salem as a base of operations.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oroville,_California" title="Oroville, California">Oroville, California</a> (United States) 2007<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cta,_Tokyo" title="Ōta, Tokyo">Ōta, Tokyo</a> (Japan) 1991<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Salem" title="USS Salem">USS Salem</a>, 3 ships</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2020-1"><a href="#cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2020_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_25.txt">"2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files"</a>. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2020+U.S.+Gazetteer+Files&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.census.gov%2Fgeo%2Fdocs%2Fmaps-data%2Fdata%2Fgazetteer%2F2020_Gazetteer%2F2020_gaz_place_25.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020CensusQuick-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2020CensusQuick_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2020CensusQuick_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/salemcitymassachusetts,US/POP010220">"U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts"</a>. United States Census Bureau. August 26, 2021. 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Retrieved November 10, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=This+resulted+from+the+affiliation+between+Salem%27s+Peabody+Essex+Museum+%28PEM%29+and+the+Ota+Folk+Museum+in+Japan&rft.pub=Salem.com&rft.date=2008-06-17&rft.au=City+of+Salem%2C+MA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salem.com%2FPages%2FSalemMA_Council%2Fota&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Perley, Sidney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120509203531/http://etext.virginia.edu/salem/witchcraft/Perley/">History of Salem, Massachusetts in Three Volumes</a>. Full images at University of Virginia eText Center and the Salem Witch Trial Documentary Archive and Transcription Project.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518122552/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?ImageName=SALEM.jpg&atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=ESSEX+COUNTY&atlas=ESSEX+COUNTY+1795&atlas_desc=ESSEX+COUNTY+1795&pageprefix=">1795 Map of Salem</a>.</li> <li>Saunders, Jonathan P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518121524/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?ImageName=SALEM.jpg&atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=ESSEX+COUNTY&atlas=ESSEX+COUNTY+1830&atlas_desc=ESSEX+COUNTY+1830&pageprefix=">1832 Map of Salem</a>.</li> <li>Beer, D. G. 1872 Atlas of Essex County <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518124248/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?ImageName=PLATE_0118.jpg&atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=ESSEX+COUNTY&atlas=ESSEX+COUNTY+1872&atlas_desc=ESSEX+COUNTY+1872&pageprefix=">Map of Salem. Plate 118</a>.</li> <li>Walker, George H. 1884 Atlas of Essex County <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518124221/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?ImageName=PAGE_0016.jpg&atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=ESSEX+COUNTY&atlas=ESSEX+COUNTY+1884&atlas_desc=ESSEX+COUNTY+1884&pageprefix=">Salem South. Plate 16. Salem-Jail-to-hold-first-open-house</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518121935/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?ImageName=PAGE_0017.jpg&atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=ESSEX+COUNTY&atlas=ESSEX+COUNTY+1884&atlas_desc=ESSEX+COUNTY+1884&pageprefix=">Salem North. Plate 17</a>.</li> <li>Various <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518121446/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=SALEM&atlName=&PAGEPREFIX=&submittype=">Salem Atlases</a>.</li> <li>Hopkins, C. M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518121216/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_results.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlas=SALEM%201874&pageprefix=&atlastown=SALEM">Atlas of Salem, Massachusetts</a>. Published in 1874.</li> <li>Sanborn Map Co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_results.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlas=SALEM%201890%20-1903&pageprefix=&atlastown=SALEM">Map of Salem Showing Area Destroyed by Fire June 25, 1914</a>.</li> <li>Atlas of Salem for 1890–1903 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518124239/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_results.asp?ImageType=index&atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=SALEM&atlas=SALEM+1890+-1903&atlas_desc=SALEM+1890+-1903">Index Map</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518063326/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=SALEM&atlas=SALEM%201890%20-1903&atlas_desc=SALEM%201890%20-1903&pageprefix=">Page selection</a>.</li> <li>1897 Atlas of Salem Massachusetts <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518063326/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=SALEM&atlas=SALEM%201890%20-1903&atlas_desc=SALEM%201890%20-1903&pageprefix=">Index Map</a>.</li> <li>Walker. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518063326/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_pages.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlastown=SALEM&atlas=SALEM%201890%20-1903&atlas_desc=SALEM%201890%20-1903&pageprefix=">1911 Atlas of Salem, Massachusetts</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110518124314/http://www.salemdeeds.com/atlases_results.asp?atlastype=Atlases&atlas=SALEM%201906%20-1938&pageprefix=&atlastown=SALEM">Salem 1906–1938 Index or Key Map</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121163841/http://www.ma-vitalrecords.org/EssexCounty/Salem/">Vital Records of Salem, Massachusetts to 1849</a>. Published 1916, 1918, 1924, 1925. Transcribed and put online by John Slaugher.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="buckingham1" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Buckingham" title="Joseph T. Buckingham">Buckingham, Joseph Tinker</a> (1850). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/specimensofnewsp01buckuoft/page/n7/mode/2up">Specimens of newspaper literature: with personal memoirs, anecdotes, and reminiscences</a>. Vol. I. Boston : Charles C. Little and James Brown.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Specimens+of+newspaper+literature%3A+with+personal+memoirs%2C+anecdotes%2C+and+reminiscences&rft.pub=Boston+%3A+Charles+C.+Little+and+James+Brown&rft.date=1850&rft.aulast=Buckingham&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Tinker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspecimensofnewsp01buckuoft%2Fpage%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="dilworth2011" class="citation book cs1">Dilworth, Richardson (September 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0dL7vPC8G7YC&pg=PA28">Cities in American Political History</a>. <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publications">SAGE Publications</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8728-9911-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8728-9911-7"><bdi>978-0-8728-9911-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220418010051/https://books.google.com/books?id=0dL7vPC8G7YC&pg=PA28">Archived</a> from the original on April 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cities+in+American+Political+History&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2011-09-13&rft.isbn=978-0-8728-9911-7&rft.aulast=Dilworth&rft.aufirst=Richardson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0dL7vPC8G7YC%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="thomas1874a" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Isaiah (1874). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofprintin01thom">The history of printing in America, with a biography of printers</a>. Vol. I. New York, B. Franklin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+history+of+printing+in+America%2C+with+a+biography+of+printers&rft.pub=New+York%2C+B.+Franklin&rft.date=1874&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Isaiah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofprintin01thom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Salem,_Massachusetts#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Salem, Massachusetts">Bibliography of the history of Salem, Massachusetts</a></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBooth2011" class="citation book cs1">Booth, Robert (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aNpAgVV1p7oC">Death of an empire: the rise and murderous fall of Salem, America's richest city</a>. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-54038-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-54038-8"><bdi>978-0-312-54038-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Death+of+an+empire%3A+the+rise+and+murderous+fall+of+Salem%2C+America%27s+richest+city&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Thomas+Dunne+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-312-54038-8&rft.aulast=Booth&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaNpAgVV1p7oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Goff, John, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812045059/http://www.wickedlocal.com/salem/news/lifestyle/columnists/x2133874147#axzz1gexycai4">"Looking at Salem's beginnings: The White and Gardner family contributions"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem_Gazette" title="Salem Gazette">Salem Gazette</a>, <a href="/wiki/GateHouse_Media" title="GateHouse Media">GateHouse News Service</a> story, December 29, 2007</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffer1996" class="citation book cs1">Hoffer, Peter Charles (1996). The Devil's Disciples: Makers of the Salem Witchcraft Trials. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5200-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-5200-8"><bdi>978-0-8018-5200-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Devil%27s+Disciples%3A+Makers+of+the+Salem+Witchcraft+Trials&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-5200-8&rft.aulast=Hoffer&rft.aufirst=Peter+Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2000" class="citation journal cs1">Morris, Richard J. (December 2000). "Redefining the Economic Elite in Salem, Massachusetts, 1759–1799: A Tale of Evolution, Not Revolution". <a href="/wiki/The_New_England_Quarterly" title="The New England Quarterly">The New England Quarterly</a>. 73 (4): 603–624. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F366584">10.2307/366584</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/366584">366584</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Redefining+the+Economic+Elite+in+Salem%2C+Massachusetts%2C+1759%E2%80%931799%3A+A+Tale+of+Evolution%2C+Not+Revolution&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=603-624&rft.date=2000-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F366584&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F366584%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planet-realart.com/graphic/print/Salem.pdf">"Salem Maritime Salem Maritime National Historic Site: Official Map and Guide"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160113022238/http://planet-realart.com/graphic/print/Salem.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-01-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNevins1994" class="citation book cs1">Nevins, Winfield S. (1994). The Witches of Salem. Stamford: Longmeadow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-6810-0603-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-6810-0603-4"><bdi>978-0-6810-0603-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Witches+of+Salem&rft.place=Stamford&rft.pub=Longmeadow+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-6810-0603-4&rft.aulast=Nevins&rft.aufirst=Winfield+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"> (originally published in 1892)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorton2002" class="citation book cs1">Norton, Mary Beth (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y2ZeU1RMYK0C">In the Devil's Snare: The Salem Witchcraft Crisis of 1692</a>. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-375-40709-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-375-40709-X"><bdi>0-375-40709-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Devil%27s+Snare%3A+The+Salem+Witchcraft+Crisis+of+1692&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-375-40709-X&rft.aulast=Norton&rft.aufirst=Mary+Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DY2ZeU1RMYK0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaville2010" class="citation book cs1">Saville, Susanne (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8jA2gwBdsIkC">Hidden History of Salem</a>. Charleston, SC: The History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59629-062-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59629-062-4"><bdi>978-1-59629-062-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hidden+History+of+Salem&rft.place=Charleston%2C+SC&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-59629-062-4&rft.aulast=Saville&rft.aufirst=Susanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8jA2gwBdsIkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li>Schwartz, George H. Collecting the Globe: The Salem East India Marine Society Museum (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2020) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=57632">online review</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2000" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Bonnie Hurd (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130623045238/http://shop.historysmiths.com/Salem-Womens-Heritage-Trail-0-9704784-0-2.htm">Salem Women's Heritage Trail</a>. Salem, MA: Salem Chamber of Commerce. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shop.historysmiths.com/Salem-Womens-Heritage-Trail-0-9704784-0-2.htm">the original</a> on June 23, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salem+Women%27s+Heritage+Trail&rft.place=Salem%2C+MA&rft.pub=Salem+Chamber+of+Commerce&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Bonnie+Hurd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fshop.historysmiths.com%2FSalem-Womens-Heritage-Trail-0-9704784-0-2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith-Dalton2012" class="citation book cs1">Smith-Dalton, Maggi (2012). A history of spiritualism and the occult in Salem: the rise of witch city. Charleston, SC: History Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60949-551-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60949-551-0"><bdi>978-1-60949-551-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/808684425">808684425</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+spiritualism+and+the+occult+in+Salem%3A+the+rise+of+witch+city&rft.place=Charleston%2C+SC&rft.pub=History+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F808684425&rft.isbn=978-1-60949-551-0&rft.aulast=Smith-Dalton&rft.aufirst=Maggi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Smith-Dalton, Maggi (Salem History Society) "Stories & shadows from Salem's past : Naumkeag notations", American Chronicles Series, Charleston, SC : History Press, 2010.<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/stories-shadows-from-salems-past-naumkeag-notations/oclc/642511300&referer=brief_results">https://www.worldcat.org/title/stories-shadows-from-salems-past-naumkeag-notations/oclc/642511300&referer=brief_results</a></li> <li>Vickers, Daniel, and Vince Walsh. "Young men and the sea: The sociology of seafaring in eighteenth‐century Salem, Massachusetts", Social history (1999) 24#1 pp: 17–38.</li> <li>Wagner, E.J., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/A-Murder-in-Salem.html">"A Murder in Salem"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111217074743/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history-archaeology/A-Murder-in-Salem.html">Archived</a> 2011-12-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_(magazine)" title="Smithsonian (magazine)">Smithsonian</a> magazine, November 2010</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salem,_Massachusetts&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Salem_(Massachusetts)#Q54140" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Salem (Massachusetts)">Salem (Massachusetts)</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salem.com/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924093712/http://www.salemwomenshistory.com/Home.html">salemwomenshistory.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.albany.edu/preservation/brittle_bks/Crawford_Familiesv1/Chpt9.pdf">The Cabot Family</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408100500/https://library.albany.edu/preservation/brittle_bks/Crawford_Familiesv1/Chpt9.pdf">Archived</a> 2019-04-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Salem_(Massachusetts)">"Salem, a city and one of the county-seats (Lawrence is the other) of Essex county, Massachusetts" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Salem%2C+a+city+and+one+of+the+county-seats+%28Lawrence+is+the+other%29+of+Essex+county%2C+Massachusetts&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalem%2C+Massachusetts" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Template:Essex County, Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Essex County, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Essex County, Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#ffffff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Essex_County,_Massachusetts,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex County, Massachusetts</a>, United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#15317E;color:#ffffff;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seats</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salem</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#15317E;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amesbury,_Massachusetts" title="Amesbury, Massachusetts">Amesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Massachusetts" title="Gloucester, Massachusetts">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Massachusetts" title="Haverhill, Massachusetts">Haverhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methuen,_Massachusetts" title="Methuen, Massachusetts">Methuen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts" title="Newburyport, Massachusetts">Newburyport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salem</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Essex_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Essex_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Essex_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Essex_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Essex_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Massachusetts_highlighting_Essex_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="910" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#15317E;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andover,_Massachusetts" title="Andover, Massachusetts">Andover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxford,_Massachusetts" title="Boxford, Massachusetts">Boxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danvers,_Massachusetts" title="Danvers, Massachusetts">Danvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex,_Massachusetts" title="Essex, Massachusetts">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Massachusetts" title="Georgetown, Massachusetts">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groveland,_Massachusetts" title="Groveland, Massachusetts">Groveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Massachusetts" title="Hamilton, Massachusetts">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts" title="Ipswich, Massachusetts">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnfield,_Massachusetts" title="Lynnfield, Massachusetts">Lynnfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester-by-the-Sea,_Massachusetts" title="Manchester-by-the-Sea, Massachusetts">Manchester-by-the-Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts" title="Marblehead, Massachusetts">Marblehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimac,_Massachusetts" title="Merrimac, Massachusetts">Merrimac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Massachusetts" title="Middleton, Massachusetts">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahant,_Massachusetts" title="Nahant, Massachusetts">Nahant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newbury,_Massachusetts" title="Newbury, Massachusetts">Newbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Andover,_Massachusetts" title="North Andover, Massachusetts">North Andover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockport,_Massachusetts" title="Rockport, Massachusetts">Rockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowley,_Massachusetts" title="Rowley, Massachusetts">Rowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Massachusetts" title="Salisbury, Massachusetts">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saugus,_Massachusetts" title="Saugus, Massachusetts">Saugus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swampscott,_Massachusetts" title="Swampscott, Massachusetts">Swampscott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Topsfield, Massachusetts">Topsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenham,_Massachusetts" title="Wenham, Massachusetts">Wenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Newbury,_Massachusetts" title="West Newbury, Massachusetts">West Newbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#15317E;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_census-designated_places_in_Massachusetts" title="List of census-designated places in Massachusetts">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andover_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Andover (CDP), Massachusetts">Andover (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxford_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Boxford (CDP), Massachusetts">Boxford (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Essex (CDP), Massachusetts">Essex (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Ipswich (CDP), Massachusetts">Ipswich (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockport_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Rockport (CDP), Massachusetts">Rockport (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowley_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Rowley (CDP), Massachusetts">Rowley (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Salisbury (CDP), Massachusetts">Salisbury (CDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topsfield_(CDP),_Massachusetts" title="Topsfield (CDP), Massachusetts">Topsfield (CDP)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#15317E;color:#ffffff;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Massachusetts" title="List of villages in Massachusetts">Other villages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annisquam,_Massachusetts" title="Annisquam, Massachusetts">Annisquam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballardvale,_Massachusetts" title="Ballardvale, Massachusetts">Ballardvale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Farms" title="Beverly Farms">Beverly Farms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford,_Massachusetts" title="Bradford, Massachusetts">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byfield,_Massachusetts" title="Byfield, Massachusetts">Byfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton,_Massachusetts" title="Clifton, Massachusetts">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnolia,_Massachusetts" title="Magnolia, Massachusetts">Magnolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimacport,_Massachusetts" title="Merrimacport, Massachusetts">Merrimacport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_Island,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Plum Island, Massachusetts">Plum Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background:#15317E;color:#ffffff;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Massachusetts (state)">Massachusetts portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Commonwealth_of_Massachusetts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Massachusetts" title="Template:Massachusetts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Massachusetts" title="Template talk:Massachusetts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Commonwealth_of_Massachusetts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._state)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. state)">Commonwealth</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Massachusetts" title="Outline of Massachusetts">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Massachusetts-related_articles" title="Index of Massachusetts-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Massachusetts" title="Administrative divisions of Massachusetts">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_congressional_districts" title="Massachusetts's congressional districts">Congressional districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections in Massachusetts">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Massachusetts" title="Geography of Massachusetts">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Massachusetts" title="Geology of Massachusetts">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Massachusetts" title="Government of Massachusetts">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Massachusetts" title="History of Massachusetts">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Images_of_Massachusetts" title="Category:Images of Massachusetts">Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Massachusetts" title="Law of Massachusetts">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_in_Massachusetts" title="List of lighthouses in Massachusetts">Lighthouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Massachusetts" title="Music of Massachusetts">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Massachusetts" title="List of people from Massachusetts">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_state_symbols" title="List of Massachusetts state symbols">State symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in Massachusetts">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Massachusetts" title="List of villages in Massachusetts">Villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Massachusetts" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Massachusetts">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_windmills_in_Massachusetts" title="List of windmills in Massachusetts">Windmills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Massachusetts" title="Abortion in Massachusetts">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massachusetts_culture" title="Category:Massachusetts culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Massachusetts" title="Climate change in Massachusetts">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Massachusetts" title="Crime in Massachusetts">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Massachusetts" title="Demographics of Massachusetts">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Massachusetts">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Massachusetts">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_education_in_Massachusetts" title="History of education in Massachusetts">History of education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Massachusetts" title="Gun laws in Massachusetts">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Massachusetts">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Massachusetts">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Massachusetts" title="Politics of Massachusetts">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Massachusetts" title="Sports in Massachusetts">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Massachusetts" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Ann" title="Cape Ann">Cape Ann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Massachusetts" title="Central Massachusetts">Central Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Blackstone_Valley" title="Blackstone Valley">Blackstone Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montachusett-North_County" title="Montachusett-North County">Montachusett-North County</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_County_(Massachusetts)" title="South County (Massachusetts)">South County</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Lowell" title="Greater Lowell">Greater Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack_Valley" title="Merrimack Valley">Merrimack Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetroWest" title="MetroWest">MetroWest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="North Shore (Massachusetts)">North Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Massachusetts" title="Southeastern Massachusetts">Southeastern Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cape_Cod" title="Cape Cod">Cape Cod</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(Massachusetts)" title="South Coast (Massachusetts)">South Coast</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="South Shore (Massachusetts)">South Shore</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Massachusetts" title="Western Massachusetts">Western Massachusetts</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Berkshires" class="mw-redirect" title="The Berkshires">The Berkshires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Housatonic_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Housatonic Valley">Housatonic Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Valley" title="Pioneer Valley">Pioneer Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quabbin-Swift_River_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Quabbin-Swift River Valley">Quabbin-Swift River Valley</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Massachusetts" title="List of counties in Massachusetts">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable_County,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable County, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkshire_County,_Massachusetts" title="Berkshire County, Massachusetts">Berkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_County,_Massachusetts" title="Bristol County, Massachusetts">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukes_County,_Massachusetts" title="Dukes County, Massachusetts">Dukes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Massachusetts" title="Franklin County, Massachusetts">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampden_County,_Massachusetts" title="Hampden County, Massachusetts">Hampden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire_County,_Massachusetts" title="Hampshire County, Massachusetts">Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantucket" title="Nantucket">Nantucket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk County, Massachusetts">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_County,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth County, Massachusetts">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_County,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester County, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li> <li>Note: Nine former counties were in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Maine" title="District of Maine">District of Maine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agawam,_Massachusetts" title="Agawam, Massachusetts">Agawam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst,_Massachusetts" title="Amherst, Massachusetts">Amherst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amesbury,_Massachusetts" title="Amesbury, Massachusetts">Amesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attleboro,_Massachusetts" title="Attleboro, Massachusetts">Attleboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braintree,_Massachusetts" title="Braintree, Massachusetts">Braintree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgewater,_Massachusetts" title="Bridgewater, Massachusetts">Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockton,_Massachusetts" title="Brockton, Massachusetts">Brockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Massachusetts" title="Chelsea, Massachusetts">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicopee,_Massachusetts" title="Chicopee, Massachusetts">Chicopee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Longmeadow,_Massachusetts" title="East Longmeadow, Massachusetts">East Longmeadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easthampton,_Massachusetts" title="Easthampton, Massachusetts">Easthampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett,_Massachusetts" title="Everett, Massachusetts">Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts" title="Fall River, Massachusetts">Fall River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Massachusetts" title="Fitchburg, Massachusetts">Fitchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framingham,_Massachusetts" title="Framingham, Massachusetts">Framingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Massachusetts" title="Franklin, Massachusetts">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner,_Massachusetts" title="Gardner, Massachusetts">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Massachusetts" title="Gloucester, Massachusetts">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenfield,_Massachusetts" title="Greenfield, Massachusetts">Greenfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Massachusetts" title="Haverhill, Massachusetts">Haverhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyoke,_Massachusetts" title="Holyoke, Massachusetts">Holyoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leominster,_Massachusetts" title="Leominster, Massachusetts">Leominster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden,_Massachusetts" title="Malden, Massachusetts">Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough,_Massachusetts" title="Marlborough, Massachusetts">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medford,_Massachusetts" title="Medford, Massachusetts">Medford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Massachusetts" title="Melrose, Massachusetts">Melrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methuen,_Massachusetts" title="Methuen, Massachusetts">Methuen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts" title="Newburyport, Massachusetts">Newburyport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Adams,_Massachusetts" title="North Adams, Massachusetts">North Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmer,_Massachusetts" title="Palmer, Massachusetts">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph,_Massachusetts" title="Randolph, Massachusetts">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revere,_Massachusetts" title="Revere, Massachusetts">Revere</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Southbridge, Massachusetts">Southbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton,_Massachusetts" title="Taunton, Massachusetts">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westfield,_Massachusetts" title="Westfield, Massachusetts">Westfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="West Springfield, Massachusetts">West Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Weymouth, Massachusetts">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop,_Massachusetts" title="Winthrop, Massachusetts">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn,_Massachusetts" title="Woburn, Massachusetts">Woburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li> <li>Note: Municipalities not listed have a town meeting form of government (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Massachusetts" title="List of municipalities in Massachusetts">all municipalities</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/32px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/48px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg/64px-Flag_of_Massachusetts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts" title="Portal:Massachusetts">Massachusetts portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Region_of_Greater_Boston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greater_Boston" title="Template:Greater Boston"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greater_Boston" title="Template talk:Greater Boston"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greater_Boston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greater Boston"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Region_of_Greater_Boston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Region of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Greater Boston</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belknap_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Belknap County, New Hampshire">Belknap, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_County,_Massachusetts" title="Bristol County, Massachusetts">Bristol, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Bristol County, Rhode Island">Bristol, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Essex County, Massachusetts">Essex, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Hillsborough County, New Hampshire">Hillsborough, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Kent County, Rhode Island">Kent, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Merrimack County, New Hampshire">Merrimack, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts" title="Middlesex County, Massachusetts">Middlesex, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Newport County, Rhode Island">Newport, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk County, Massachusetts">Norfolk, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_County,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth County, Massachusetts">Plymouth, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence County, Rhode Island">Providence, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockingham_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Rockingham County, New Hampshire">Rockingham, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strafford_County,_New_Hampshire" title="Strafford County, New Hampshire">Strafford, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffolk_County,_Massachusetts" title="Suffolk County, Massachusetts">Suffolk, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Rhode_Island" title="Washington County, Rhode Island">Washington, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_County,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester County, Massachusetts">Worcester, MA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Major cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Cities and towns 100k-250k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brockton,_Massachusetts" title="Brockton, Massachusetts">Brockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn,_Massachusetts" title="Lynn, Massachusetts">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy,_Massachusetts" title="Quincy, Massachusetts">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Cities and towns 25k-100k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andover,_Massachusetts" title="Andover, Massachusetts">Andover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Massachusetts" title="Arlington, Massachusetts">Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attleboro,_Massachusetts" title="Attleboro, Massachusetts">Attleboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billerica,_Massachusetts" title="Billerica, Massachusetts">Billerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braintree,_Massachusetts" title="Braintree, Massachusetts">Braintree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgewater,_Massachusetts" title="Bridgewater, Massachusetts">Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts" title="Brookline, Massachusetts">Brookline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelmsford,_Massachusetts" title="Chelmsford, Massachusetts">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_Massachusetts" title="Chelsea, Massachusetts">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry,_Rhode_Island" title="Coventry, Rhode Island">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranston,_Rhode_Island" title="Cranston, Rhode Island">Cranston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Rhode_Island" title="Cumberland, Rhode Island">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danvers,_Massachusetts" title="Danvers, Massachusetts">Danvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth,_Massachusetts" title="Dartmouth, Massachusetts">Dartmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derry,_New_Hampshire" title="Derry, New Hampshire">Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover,_New_Hampshire" title="Dover, New Hampshire">Dover (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracut,_Massachusetts" title="Dracut, Massachusetts">Dracut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="East Providence, Rhode Island">East Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett,_Massachusetts" title="Everett, Massachusetts">Everett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_River,_Massachusetts" title="Fall River, Massachusetts">Fall River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitchburg,_Massachusetts" title="Fitchburg, Massachusetts">Fitchburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framingham,_Massachusetts" title="Framingham, Massachusetts">Framingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Massachusetts" title="Franklin, Massachusetts">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Massachusetts" title="Gloucester, Massachusetts">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haverhill,_Massachusetts" title="Haverhill, Massachusetts">Haverhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnston,_Rhode_Island" title="Johnston, Rhode Island">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leominster,_Massachusetts" title="Leominster, Massachusetts">Leominster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington,_Massachusetts" title="Lexington, Massachusetts">Lexington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malden,_Massachusetts" title="Malden, Massachusetts">Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough,_Massachusetts" title="Marlborough, Massachusetts">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshfield,_Massachusetts" title="Marshfield, Massachusetts">Marshfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medford,_Massachusetts" title="Medford, Massachusetts">Medford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melrose,_Massachusetts" title="Melrose, Massachusetts">Melrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack,_New_Hampshire" title="Merrimack, New Hampshire">Merrimack (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methuen,_Massachusetts" title="Methuen, Massachusetts">Methuen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford,_Massachusetts" title="Milford, Massachusetts">Milford (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton,_Massachusetts" title="Milton, Massachusetts">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashua,_New_Hampshire" title="Nashua, New Hampshire">Nashua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natick,_Massachusetts" title="Natick, Massachusetts">Natick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needham,_Massachusetts" title="Needham, Massachusetts">Needham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport,_Rhode_Island" title="Newport, Rhode Island">Newport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton,_Massachusetts" title="Newton, Massachusetts">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Andover,_Massachusetts" title="North Andover, Massachusetts">North Andover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Attleboro,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="North Attleboro, Massachusetts">North Attleboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Kingstown,_Rhode_Island" title="North Kingstown, Rhode Island">North Kingstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="North Providence, Rhode Island">North Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwood,_Massachusetts" title="Norwood, Massachusetts">Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawtucket,_Rhode_Island" title="Pawtucket, Rhode Island">Pawtucket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth, Massachusetts">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revere,_Massachusetts" title="Revere, Massachusetts">Revere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_Hampshire" title="Rochester, New Hampshire">Rochester</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salem (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salem,_New_Hampshire" title="Salem, New Hampshire">Salem (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saugus,_Massachusetts" title="Saugus, Massachusetts">Saugus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury,_Massachusetts" title="Shrewsbury, Massachusetts">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerville,_Massachusetts" title="Somerville, Massachusetts">Somerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Kingstown,_Rhode_Island" title="South Kingstown, Rhode Island">South Kingstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoughton,_Massachusetts" title="Stoughton, Massachusetts">Stoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton,_Massachusetts" title="Taunton, Massachusetts">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tewksbury,_Massachusetts" title="Tewksbury, Massachusetts">Tewksbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakefield,_Massachusetts" title="Wakefield, Massachusetts">Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waltham,_Massachusetts" title="Waltham, Massachusetts">Waltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick,_Rhode_Island" title="Warwick, Rhode Island">Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watertown,_Massachusetts" title="Watertown, Massachusetts">Watertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley,_Massachusetts" title="Wellesley, Massachusetts">Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Warwick,_Rhode_Island" title="West Warwick, Rhode Island">West Warwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Weymouth, Massachusetts">Weymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woburn,_Massachusetts" title="Woburn, Massachusetts">Woburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woonsocket,_Rhode_Island" title="Woonsocket, Rhode Island">Woonsocket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Cities and towns 10k-25k</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abington,_Massachusetts" title="Abington, Massachusetts">Abington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acton,_Massachusetts" title="Acton, Massachusetts">Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acushnet,_Massachusetts" title="Acushnet, Massachusetts">Acushnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amesbury,_Massachusetts" title="Amesbury, Massachusetts">Amesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amherst,_New_Hampshire" title="Amherst, New Hampshire">Amherst (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashland,_Massachusetts" title="Ashland, Massachusetts">Ashland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athol,_Massachusetts" title="Athol, Massachusetts">Athol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn,_Massachusetts" title="Auburn, Massachusetts">Auburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrington,_Rhode_Island" title="Barrington, Rhode Island">Barrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="Bedford, Massachusetts">Bedford (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford,_New_Hampshire" title="Bedford, New Hampshire">Bedford (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingham,_Massachusetts" title="Bellingham, Massachusetts">Bellingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont,_Massachusetts" title="Belmont, Massachusetts">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly,_Massachusetts" title="Beverly, Massachusetts">Beverly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol,_Rhode_Island" title="Bristol, Rhode Island">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington,_Massachusetts" title="Burlington, Massachusetts">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrillville,_Rhode_Island" title="Burrillville, Rhode Island">Burrillville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Massachusetts" title="Canton, Massachusetts">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carver,_Massachusetts" title="Carver, Massachusetts">Carver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Falls,_Rhode_Island" title="Central Falls, Rhode Island">Central Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlton,_Massachusetts" title="Charlton, Massachusetts">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton,_Massachusetts" title="Clinton, Massachusetts">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_Massachusetts" title="Concord, Massachusetts">Concord (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedham,_Massachusetts" title="Dedham, Massachusetts">Dedham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley,_Massachusetts" title="Dudley, Massachusetts">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duxbury,_Massachusetts" title="Duxbury, Massachusetts">Duxbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bridgewater,_Massachusetts" title="East Bridgewater, Massachusetts">East Bridgewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Greenwich,_Rhode_Island" title="East Greenwich, Rhode Island">East Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easton,_Massachusetts" title="Easton, Massachusetts">Easton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter,_New_Hampshire" title="Exeter, New Hampshire">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairhaven,_Massachusetts" title="Fairhaven, Massachusetts">Fairhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxborough,_Massachusetts" title="Foxborough, Massachusetts">Foxborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardner,_Massachusetts" title="Gardner, Massachusetts">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goffstown,_New_Hampshire" title="Goffstown, New Hampshire">Goffstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton,_Massachusetts" title="Grafton, Massachusetts">Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groton,_Massachusetts" title="Groton, Massachusetts">Groton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_New_Hampshire" title="Hampton, New Hampshire">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover,_Massachusetts" title="Hanover, Massachusetts">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanson,_Massachusetts" title="Hanson, Massachusetts">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hingham,_Massachusetts" title="Hingham, Massachusetts">Hingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holbrook,_Massachusetts" title="Holbrook, Massachusetts">Holbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holden,_Massachusetts" title="Holden, Massachusetts">Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holliston,_Massachusetts" title="Holliston, Massachusetts">Holliston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooksett,_New_Hampshire" title="Hooksett, New Hampshire">Hooksett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkinton,_Massachusetts" title="Hopkinton, Massachusetts">Hopkinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_Massachusetts" title="Hudson, Massachusetts">Hudson (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson,_New_Hampshire" title="Hudson, New Hampshire">Hudson (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hull,_Massachusetts" title="Hull, Massachusetts">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich,_Massachusetts" title="Ipswich, Massachusetts">Ipswich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Massachusetts" title="Kingston, Massachusetts">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laconia,_New_Hampshire" title="Laconia, New Hampshire">Laconia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeville,_Massachusetts" title="Lakeville, Massachusetts">Lakeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester,_Massachusetts" title="Leicester, Massachusetts">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Rhode_Island" title="Lincoln, Rhode Island">Lincoln (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Londonderry,_New_Hampshire" title="Londonderry, New Hampshire">Londonderry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunenburg,_Massachusetts" title="Lunenburg, Massachusetts">Lunenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynnfield,_Massachusetts" title="Lynnfield, Massachusetts">Lynnfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield,_Massachusetts" title="Mansfield, Massachusetts">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marblehead,_Massachusetts" title="Marblehead, Massachusetts">Marblehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynard,_Massachusetts" title="Maynard, Massachusetts">Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medfield,_Massachusetts" title="Medfield, Massachusetts">Medfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway,_Massachusetts" title="Medway, Massachusetts">Medway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleborough,_Massachusetts" title="Middleborough, Massachusetts">Middleborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middletown,_Rhode_Island" title="Middletown, Rhode Island">Middletown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milford,_New_Hampshire" title="Milford, New Hampshire">Milford (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millbury,_Massachusetts" title="Millbury, Massachusetts">Millbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narragansett,_Rhode_Island" title="Narragansett, Rhode Island">Narragansett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburyport,_Massachusetts" title="Newburyport, Massachusetts">Newburyport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Massachusetts" title="Norfolk, Massachusetts">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northborough,_Massachusetts" title="Northborough, Massachusetts">Northborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Northbridge, Massachusetts">Northbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Reading,_Massachusetts" title="North Reading, Massachusetts">North Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Smithfield,_Rhode_Island" title="North Smithfield, Rhode Island">North Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norton,_Massachusetts" title="Norton, Massachusetts">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwell,_Massachusetts" title="Norwell, Massachusetts">Norwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford,_Massachusetts" title="Oxford, Massachusetts">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody,_Massachusetts" title="Peabody, Massachusetts">Peabody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelham,_New_Hampshire" title="Pelham, New Hampshire">Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke,_Massachusetts" title="Pembroke, Massachusetts">Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepperell,_Massachusetts" title="Pepperell, Massachusetts">Pepperell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_Rhode_Island" title="Portsmouth, Rhode Island">Portsmouth (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth,_New_Hampshire" title="Portsmouth, New Hampshire">Portsmouth (New Hampshire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph,_Massachusetts" title="Randolph, Massachusetts">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond,_New_Hampshire" title="Raymond, New Hampshire">Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raynham,_Massachusetts" title="Raynham, Massachusetts">Raynham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Massachusetts" title="Reading, Massachusetts">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehoboth,_Massachusetts" title="Rehoboth, Massachusetts">Rehoboth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockland,_Massachusetts" title="Rockland, Massachusetts">Rockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scituate,_Massachusetts" title="Scituate, Massachusetts">Scituate (Massachusetts)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scituate,_Rhode_Island" title="Scituate, Rhode Island">Scituate (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seekonk,_Massachusetts" title="Seekonk, Massachusetts">Seekonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon,_Massachusetts" title="Sharon, Massachusetts">Sharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithfield,_Rhode_Island" title="Smithfield, Rhode Island">Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somerset,_Massachusetts" title="Somerset, Massachusetts">Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somersworth,_New_Hampshire" title="Somersworth, New Hampshire">Somersworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Southbridge, Massachusetts">Southbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoneham,_Massachusetts" title="Stoneham, Massachusetts">Stoneham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer,_Massachusetts" title="Spencer, Massachusetts">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury,_Massachusetts" title="Sudbury, Massachusetts">Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swampscott,_Massachusetts" title="Swampscott, Massachusetts">Swampscott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea,_Massachusetts" title="Swansea, Massachusetts">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiverton,_Rhode_Island" title="Tiverton, Rhode Island">Tiverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyngsborough,_Massachusetts" title="Tyngsborough, Massachusetts">Tyngsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge,_Massachusetts" title="Uxbridge, Massachusetts">Uxbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole,_Massachusetts" title="Walpole, Massachusetts">Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wareham,_Massachusetts" title="Wareham, Massachusetts">Wareham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren,_Rhode_Island" title="Warren, Rhode Island">Warren (Rhode Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayland,_Massachusetts" title="Wayland, Massachusetts">Wayland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster,_Massachusetts" title="Webster, Massachusetts">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westborough,_Massachusetts" title="Westborough, Massachusetts">Westborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westerly,_Rhode_Island" title="Westerly, Rhode Island">Westerly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westford,_Massachusetts" title="Westford, Massachusetts">Westford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weston,_Massachusetts" title="Weston, Massachusetts">Weston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westport,_Massachusetts" title="Westport, Massachusetts">Westport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westwood,_Massachusetts" title="Westwood, Massachusetts">Westwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitman,_Massachusetts" title="Whitman, Massachusetts">Whitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Massachusetts" title="Wilmington, Massachusetts">Wilmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchendon,_Massachusetts" title="Winchendon, Massachusetts">Winchendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester,_Massachusetts" title="Winchester, Massachusetts">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windham,_New_Hampshire" title="Windham, New Hampshire">Windham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop,_Massachusetts" title="Winthrop, Massachusetts">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrentham,_Massachusetts" title="Wrentham, Massachusetts">Wrentham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">Sub-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> proper</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Massachusetts" title="Central Massachusetts">Central Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrimack_Valley" title="Merrimack Valley">Merrimack Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetroWest" title="MetroWest">MetroWest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="North Shore (Massachusetts)">North Shore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Coast_(Massachusetts)" title="South Coast (Massachusetts)">South Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Shore_(Massachusetts)" title="South Shore (Massachusetts)">South Shore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#367BCA; color: white;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_megalopolis" title="Northeast megalopolis">Northeast megalopolis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Northeast_megalopolis_major_urban_regions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Northeast_Megalopolis" title="Template:Northeast Megalopolis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Northeast_Megalopolis" title="Template talk:Northeast Megalopolis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Northeast_Megalopolis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Northeast Megalopolis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Northeast_megalopolis_major_urban_regions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_megalopolis" title="Northeast megalopolis">Northeast megalopolis</a> major urban regions</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Core cities are metropolitan core cities of at least a million people. The other areas are urban areas of cities that have an urban area of 150,000+ or of a metropolitan area of at least 250,000+. Satellite cities are in italics.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mid-Atlantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_metropolitan_area" title="Baltimore metropolitan area">Baltimore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Valley" title="Delaware Valley">Delaware Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden,_New_Jersey" title="Camden, New Jersey">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Roads" title="Hampton Roads">Hampton Roads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport_News,_Virginia" title="Newport News, Virginia">Newport News</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey" title="Newark, New Jersey">Newark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paterson,_New_Jersey" title="Paterson, New Jersey">Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth,_New_Jersey" title="Elizabeth, New Jersey">Elizabeth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Richmond_Region" title="Greater Richmond Region">Richmond</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_metropolitan_area" title="Washington metropolitan area">Washington</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlington_County,_Virginia" title="Arlington County, Virginia">Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey" title="Atlantic City, New Jersey">Atlantic City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown_metropolitan_area" title="Hagerstown metropolitan area">Hagerstown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrisburg%E2%80%93Carlisle_metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Harrisburg–Carlisle metropolitan statistical area">Harrisburg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster,_Pennsylvania" title="Lancaster, Pennsylvania">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehigh_Valley" title="Lehigh Valley">Lehigh Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania" title="Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bethlehem,_Pennsylvania" title="Bethlehem, Pennsylvania">Bethlehem</a>-<a href="/wiki/Easton,_Pennsylvania" title="Easton, Pennsylvania">Easton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Pennsylvania" title="Northeastern Pennsylvania">Northeastern Pennsylvania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Valley" title="Wyoming Valley">Scranton/Wilkes-Barre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poughkeepsie%E2%80%93Newburgh%E2%80%93Middletown_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown metropolitan area">Poughkeepsie–Newburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poughkeepsie,_New_York" title="Poughkeepsie, New York">city 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newburgh,_New_York" title="Newburgh, New York">city 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading,_Pennsylvania" title="Reading, Pennsylvania">Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury_metropolitan_area" title="Salisbury metropolitan area">Salisbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury,_Maryland" title="Salisbury, Maryland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York,_Pennsylvania" title="York, Pennsylvania">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combined areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington–Baltimore metropolitan area">Washington–Baltimore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Hartford" title="Greater Hartford">Hartford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Providence_metropolitan_area" title="Providence metropolitan area">Providence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Bridgeport" title="Greater Bridgeport">Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeport,_Connecticut" title="Bridgeport, Connecticut">city 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford,_Connecticut" title="Stamford, Connecticut">city 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Connecticut" title="Norwalk, Connecticut">city 3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Danbury" title="Greater Danbury">Danbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danbury,_Connecticut" title="Danbury, Connecticut">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashua,_New_Hampshire" title="Nashua, New Hampshire">Nashua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Bedford,_Massachusetts" title="New Bedford, Massachusetts">New Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_New_Haven" title="Greater New Haven">New Haven</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich,_Connecticut" title="Norwich, Connecticut">Norwich</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_London,_Connecticut" title="New London, Connecticut">New London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_metropolitan_area,_Maine" title="Portland metropolitan area, Maine">Portland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Maine" title="Portland, Maine">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Massachusetts">Springfield</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterbury,_Connecticut" title="Waterbury, Connecticut">Waterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combined areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Boston" title="Greater Boston">Boston–Providence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">Bridgeport–Stamford–New Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartford%E2%80%93Springfield" title="Hartford–Springfield">Hartford–Springfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Megaregions_of_the_United_States" title="Megaregions of the United States">Other megaregions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Massachusetts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Massachusetts_county_seats" title="Template:Massachusetts county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Massachusetts_county_seats" title="Template talk:Massachusetts county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Massachusetts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">County seats of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnstable,_Massachusetts" title="Barnstable, Massachusetts">Barnstable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockton,_Massachusetts" title="Brockton, Massachusetts">Brockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedham,_Massachusetts" title="Dedham, Massachusetts">Dedham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgartown,_Massachusetts" title="Edgartown, Massachusetts">Edgartown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenfield,_Massachusetts" title="Greenfield, Massachusetts">Greenfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Massachusetts" title="Lawrence, Massachusetts">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell,_Massachusetts" title="Lowell, Massachusetts">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantucket,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Nantucket, Massachusetts">Nantucket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northampton,_Massachusetts" title="Northampton, Massachusetts">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsfield,_Massachusetts" title="Pittsfield, Massachusetts">Pittsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Massachusetts" title="Plymouth, Massachusetts">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts" title="Springfield, Massachusetts">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton,_Massachusetts" title="Taunton, Massachusetts">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts" title="Worcester, Massachusetts">Worcester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54140#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54140#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54140#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/234136066">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205839/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4116315-1">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79081546">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11947808b">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11947808b">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge258345&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX461836">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007548085305171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/21abf854-fba3-4b34-a944-c4ce09331cc7">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027436276">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10045880">NARA</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-l24nk","wgBackendResponseTime":179,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.036","walltime":"3.536","ppvisitednodes":{"value":19005,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":566127,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":31327,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":19,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":745779,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2952.511 1 -total"," 41.15% 1214.938 1 Template:Reflist"," 24.13% 712.501 138 Template:Cite_web"," 16.44% 485.375 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 11.98% 353.769 1 Template:Infobox"," 8.67% 256.048 37 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