CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Hache — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"146b104f-821f-4ca5-81b6-3056823c3bc8","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Hache","wgTitle":"Hache","wgCurRevisionId":215887928,"wgRevisionId":215887928,"wgArticleId":325530,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Article à référence nécessaire","Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata","Portail:Armes/Articles liés","Portail:Histoire militaire/Articles liés","Portail:Technologies/Articles liés","Portail:Travail et métiers/Articles liés","Portail:Économie/Articles liés","Portail:Société/Articles liés","Hache","Outil de coupe","Arme blanche","Abattage des bois"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Hache","wgRelevantArticleId":325530,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q39397","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Axt_Handwerk.jpg/1200px-Axt_Handwerk.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Axt_Handwerk.jpg/800px-Axt_Handwerk.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Axt_Handwerk.jpg/640px-Axt_Handwerk.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Hache — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hache"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hache"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Hache rootpage-Hache skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Menu principal" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" title="Accueil général [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Page d’accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Accueil" title="Regroupements d'articles par thématiques"><span>Portails thématiques</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard" title="Affiche un article au hasard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article au hasard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact" title="Qui contacter"><span>Contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuer" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:D%C3%A9buter" title="Guide pour apprendre à contribuer à Wikipédia"><span>Débuter sur Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_de_la_communaut%C3%A9" title="À propos du projet, ce que vous pouvez faire, où trouver les informations"><span>Communauté</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Outils pour contribuer à Wikipédia"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes" title="Liste des modifications récentes sur le wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Modifications récentes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'encyclopédie libre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fr.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Outils personnels"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Hache" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Hache" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connecter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plus d’options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils personnels" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils personnels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr"><span>Faire un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Hache" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Créer un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Hache" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Premiers_pas" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origine</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Origine-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Origine</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Le_Néolithique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Le_Néolithique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Le Néolithique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Le_Néolithique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L'âge_du_bronze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L'âge_du_bronze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>L'âge du bronze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L'âge_du_bronze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Arme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galerie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galerie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Galerie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galerie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Annexes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Annexes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hache</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 143 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byl" title="Byl – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Byl" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="መጥረቢያ – amharique" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መጥረቢያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estral" title="Estral – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Estral" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86cs" title="Æcs – ancien anglais" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Æcs" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="ancien anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A3%D8%B3" title="فأس – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فأس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%87" title="البلطه – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="البلطه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hachu" title="Hachu – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hachu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balta" title="Balta – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Balta" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="بالتا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بالتا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Балта – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Балта" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hogg" title="Hogg – bavarois" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Hogg" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%97rvis" title="Kėrvis – samogitien" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kėrvis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сякера – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сякера" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сякера – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сякера" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Брадва – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Брадва" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akis" title="Akis – bichelamar" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Akis" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bichelamar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="কুঠার – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কুঠার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B" title="মাচাডো – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মাচাডো" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouc%27hal" title="Bouc'hal – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bouc'hal" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjekira" title="Sjekira – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sjekira" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destral" title="Destral – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Destral" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C5%8D-t%C3%A0u" title="Puō-tàu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Puō-tàu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekera" title="Sekera – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sekera" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%C4%83" title="Пуртă – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пуртă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bwyell" title="Bwyell – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bwyell" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98kse" title="Økse – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Økse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axt" title="Axt – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Axt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torz%C3%AAn" title="Torzên – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Torzên" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B9" title="Τσεκούρι – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσεκούρι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axe" title="Axe – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Axe" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakilo" title="Hakilo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hakilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacha" title="Hacha – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hacha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirves" title="Kirves – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kirves" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aizkora" title="Aizkora – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aizkora" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="تبر – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تبر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirves" title="Kirves – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kirves" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirv%C3%B5s" title="Kirvõs – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kirvõs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84%C3%A4ks" title="Ääks – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ääks" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile" title="Bile – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bile" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machada" title="Machada – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Machada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyak%C3%A3ngua" title="Jyakãngua – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jyakãngua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B5%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B9" title="𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌹 – gotique" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌶𐌹" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%80" title="કુહાડી – goudjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કુહાડી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="goudjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatari" title="Gatari – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Gatari" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%9F" title="גרזן – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרזן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80" title="कुल्हाड़ी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कुल्हाड़ी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjekira" title="Sjekira – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjekira" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rach" title="Rach – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Rach" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fejsze" title="Fejsze – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fejsze" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Կացին – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կացին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapak" title="Kapak – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Диг – ingouche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Диг" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingouche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakilo" title="Hakilo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hakilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96xi" title="Öxi – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Öxi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scure" title="Scure – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scure" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%A7" title="斧 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="斧" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampak" title="Kampak – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kampak" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98" title="ნაჯახი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნაჯახი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C9%96%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Laɖɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Laɖɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1khwon" title="A̱khwon – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱khwon" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soka" title="Soka – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Soka" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Айбалта – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Айбалта" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕೊಡಲಿ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕೊಡಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bewu" title="Bewu – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Bewu" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%81%BC" title="도끼 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도끼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8E%D8%A8%D9%95%D8%B1" title="تَبٕر – cachemiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="تَبٕر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cachemiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bivir" title="Bivir – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bivir" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Чер – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Чер" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Балта – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Балта" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securis" title="Securis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Securis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaxt" title="Aaxt – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Aaxt" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axa" title="Axa – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Axa" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seg%C3%B9" title="Segù – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Segù" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ns%C3%B3ka" title="Nsóka – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nsóka" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirvis" title="Kirvis – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kirvis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirvis" title="Cirvis – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cirvis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Famaky" title="Famaky – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Famaky" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Секира – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Секира" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81" title="മഴു – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മഴു" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%85" title="Сүх – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сүх" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1" title="कुऱ्हाड – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कुऱ्हाड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тавар – mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Тавар" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapak" title="Kapak – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kapak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="تر – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84x" title="Äx – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Äx" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="बन्चरो – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बन्चरो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="पाः – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पाः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijl" title="Bijl – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bijl" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98ks" title="Øks – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Øks" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98ks" title="Øks – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Øks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selepe" title="Selepe – sotho du Nord" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Selepe" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="sotho du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destral" title="Destral – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Destral" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirves" title="Kirves – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kirves" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਕੁਹਾੜਾ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਹਾੜਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palakul" title="Palakul – pampangan" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Palakul" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top%C3%B3r" title="Topór – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Topór" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%81%D8%A7%DA%91%DB%8C" title="کہاڑی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کہاڑی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="تبر – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تبر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machado" title="Machado – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Machado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayri" title="Ayri – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ayri" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure" title="Secure – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Secure" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Топор – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Топор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Балта – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Балта" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D" title="Сүгэ – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сүгэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A1" title="ᱴᱮᱸᱜᱚᱡ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱴᱮᱸᱜᱚᱡ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accetta" title="Accetta – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Accetta" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%DA%99%D9%8A" title="ڪهاڙي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪهاڙي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81k%C5%A1u" title="Ákšu – same du Nord" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ákšu" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="same du Nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjekira" title="Sjekira – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sjekira" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axe" title="Axe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Axe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekera" title="Sekera – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sekera" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sekira" title="Sekira – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sekira" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ABpata" title="Sëpata – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sëpata" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Секира – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Секира" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84kse" title="Äkse – saterlandais" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Äkse" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampak" title="Kampak – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kampak" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yxa" title="Yxa – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yxa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoka" title="Shoka – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shoka" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/pulun" title="pulun – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="pulun" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="கோடரி – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோடரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕುಡಾರಿ – toulou" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕುಡಾರಿ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="toulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF" title="గొడ్డలి – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గొడ్డలి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Табар – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Табар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ขวาน – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ขวาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palakol" title="Palakol – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Palakol" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selepe" title="Selepe – tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Selepe" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balta" title="Balta – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Balta" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupu" title="Pupu – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Pupu" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A5%D1%80" title="Тӥр – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Тӥр" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сокира – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сокира" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%81%D8%A7%DA%91%DB%8C" title="کلہاڑی – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کلہاڑی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolta" title="Bolta – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bolta" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ACu" title="Rìu – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rìu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bylle" title="Bylle – flamand occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Bylle" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamand occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepe" title="Hepe – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Hepe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parakol" title="Parakol – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Parakol" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%A7%E5%A4%B4" title="斧头 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="斧头" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D0%BA" title="Сүк – kalmouk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Сүк" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmouk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izembe" title="Izembe – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Izembe" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%A7" title="斧 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="斧" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3%CD%98-th%C3%A2u" title="Pó͘-thâu – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pó͘-thâu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%A7%E9%A0%AD" title="斧頭 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="斧頭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngembazo" title="Ngembazo – zoulou" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ngembazo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zoulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39397#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hache" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Hache" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hache"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hache"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Hache" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Hache" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&oldid=215887928" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Hache&id=215887928&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHache"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHache"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Hache"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hache&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Axe" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39397" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Hache_(homonymie)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hache (homonymie)">Hache (homonymie)</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Axt_Handwerk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Axt_Handwerk.jpg/220px-Axt_Handwerk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Axt_Handwerk.jpg/330px-Axt_Handwerk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Axt_Handwerk.jpg/440px-Axt_Handwerk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Hache moderne.</figcaption></figure> <p>Une <b>hache</b> est un <a href="/wiki/Outil" title="Outil">outil</a> formé d'une <a href="/wiki/Lame_(coutellerie)" title="Lame (coutellerie)">lame</a> (ou <a href="/wiki/Fer_(homonymie)" class="mw-disambig" title="Fer (homonymie)">fer</a>) actuellement de <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tal" title="Métal">métal</a> (d'<a href="/wiki/Acier" title="Acier">acier</a> le plus souvent) et initialement en pierre taillée, attachée à un manche de <a href="/wiki/Bois" title="Bois">bois</a>. Elle est le plus souvent utilisée pour couper du bois, mais elle fut également employée comme <a href="/wiki/Arme" title="Arme">arme</a>. Les <a href="/wiki/Sapeur-pompier" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapeur-pompier">pompiers</a> l'utilisent pour ouvrir des portes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origine">Origine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Origine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Origine"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg/250px-Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg/330px-Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg/500px-Silex_Griquatown.2009.0.197_fond.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7948" data-file-height="4592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hachereau" title="Hachereau">Hachereau</a> - Afrique du Sud <a href="/wiki/MHNT" class="mw-redirect" title="MHNT">MHNT</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Les plus anciennes traces de haches ont été trouvées en <a href="/wiki/Afrique" title="Afrique">Afrique</a> et leur âge est évalué à 1,6 million d'années. Le terme qui désigne cet outil dans la <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9histoire" title="Préhistoire">Préhistoire</a> est <a href="/wiki/Hachereau" title="Hachereau">hachereau</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Des découvertes en <a href="/wiki/Espagne" title="Espagne">Espagne</a> ont repoussé l'âge des premières haches européennes en les datant du <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A9istoc%C3%A8ne" title="Pléistocène">Pléistocène</a> supérieur entre 760 000 et 900 000 ans<sup id="cite_ref-Lyon+3-09_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lyon+3-09-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le nom <a href="/wiki/Indo-europ%C3%A9en_commun" title="Indo-européen commun">proto-indo-européen</a> pour désigner la « hache » pouvait être *<i>peleku-</i>, donnant le <a href="/wiki/Grec_ancien" title="Grec ancien">grec ancien</a> <span class="lang-grc" lang="grc">πέλεκυς</span> / <span class="lang-grc-latn" lang="grc-latn"><i>pélekus</i></span> et le <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">sanskrit</a> <span class="lang-sa" lang="sa">परशु</span> / <span class="lang-sa-latn" lang="sa-latn"><i>paraśu</i></span>. Le terme français <i>hache</i> est issu du <a href="/wiki/Francique_(langue_morte)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francique (langue morte)">vieux bas francique</a> <i>*hap(p)ja</i> (francique <i>happia</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, lui-même issu du germanique commun <i>*hapjō, *habjō</i> « couteau ». L'ancien français <i>aisse</i> de sens proche et issu du latin <i>ascia</i> (cf. italien <i>ascia</i>) ne s'est pas perpétué. </p><p>Les premières haches étaient formées d'une <a href="/wiki/Pierre_taill%C3%A9e" title="Pierre taillée">pierre taillée</a> insérée entre deux planches de bois serrées l'une contre l'autre avec une corde, qui servait également à faire tenir la lame en place. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Le_Néolithique"><span id="Le_N.C3.A9olithique"></span>Le Néolithique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Le Néolithique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Le Néolithique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg/250px-068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg/330px-068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg/500px-068_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Carnac.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2499" data-file-height="1996" /></a><figcaption>Haches polies trouvées en 1861 dans le tertre de la Croix de Kerham en <a href="/wiki/Ploemeur" title="Ploemeur">Ploemeur</a> (vers 4 500 à 4 000 avant J.-C.). Ce <a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">tumulus</a> a été détruit depuis (<a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_pr%C3%A9histoire_de_Carnac" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de préhistoire de Carnac">Musée de préhistoire de Carnac</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_%282%29.jpg/150px-Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_%282%29.jpg/225px-Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_%282%29.jpg/300px-Pr%C3%A9forme_de_hache_223.1_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="8088" /></a><figcaption>Préforme de hache avant polissage - <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9olithique" title="Néolithique">Néolithique</a> - <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9um_de_Toulouse" title="Muséum de Toulouse">Muséum de Toulouse</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:328px;"> <table style="border: 0; padding: 0; margin: 0;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Représentations gravées de haches au néolithique : hache emmanchée à gauche parfois interprétée comme une hache-charrue ou hache-araire[5], haches nues à droite[6]."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg/170px-Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg/255px-Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg/340px-Locmariaquer_tabla_Marchands_5700_resize.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0; width: 2px"> </td> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0;" class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mane-Kerioned_near_Carnac_Dolmen_2008_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Représentations gravées de haches au néolithique : hache emmanchée à gauche parfois interprétée comme une hache-charrue ou hache-araire[5], haches nues à droite[6]."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Mane-Kerioned_near_Carnac_Dolmen_2008_03.JPG/250px-Mane-Kerioned_near_Carnac_Dolmen_2008_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Mane-Kerioned_near_Carnac_Dolmen_2008_03.JPG/330px-Mane-Kerioned_near_Carnac_Dolmen_2008_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0; margin: 0; border: 0;" colspan="3"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9troglyphe" title="Pétroglyphe">Représentations gravées</a> de haches au néolithique : hache emmanchée à gauche parfois interprétée comme une hache-<a href="/wiki/Charrue" title="Charrue">charrue</a> ou hache-<a href="/wiki/Araire" title="Araire">araire</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, haches nues à droite<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>Au <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9olithique" title="Néolithique">Néolithique</a>, se généralise le <a href="/wiki/Polissage#Polissage_de_la_pierre" title="Polissage">polissage de la pierre</a> de la hache (aboutissant donc à la fabrication de <a href="/wiki/Polissage#Polissage_de_la_pierre" title="Polissage">haches polies</a>), avec les travaux de défrichage liés à l'agriculture<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Cette technique permet en effet d'obtenir des haches aux tranchants réguliers et très résistants, qui peuvent trancher les fibres du bois sans s'esquiller. </p><p>Le polissage n’est que la dernière étape de la fabrication de la lame de hache et intervient après un façonnage généralement bifacial. </p><p>Les outils de pierre polie sont réalisés à partir de roches dures (<a href="/wiki/Silex" title="Silex">silex</a>) ou de roches vertes tenaces, éruptives (<a href="/wiki/Basalte" title="Basalte">basaltes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dol%C3%A9rite" title="Dolérite">dolérites</a>…) ou <a href="/wiki/Roche_m%C3%A9tamorphique" title="Roche métamorphique">métamorphiques</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amphibolite" title="Amphibolite">amphibolites</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89clogite" title="Éclogite">éclogites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jad%C3%A9ite" title="Jadéite">jadéites</a>…). Les roches tenaces sont parfois travaillées par sciage ou <a href="/wiki/Bouchardage" class="mw-redirect" title="Bouchardage">bouchardage</a> avant d’être polies. Le polissage s’effectue par frottement sur un <a href="/wiki/Polissoir_(arch%C3%A9ologie)" title="Polissoir (archéologie)">polissoir</a> dormant ou mobile (<a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A8s_(g%C3%A9ologie)" title="Grès (géologie)">grès</a>, <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a>, silex…). </p><p>L'archéologie expérimentale a permis de montrer que le rendement du polissage à la main sur certaines roches très dures était de l'ordre de 5 à 20 <abbr class="abbr" title="gramme">g</abbr> par heure, soit jusqu'à une centaine d'heures de travail pour certaines grandes haches. Dans ces conditions, il peut paraître surprenant que le polissage s'étende à toute la surface de l'outil et pas seulement la zone active. Le soin apporté à la confection des outils polis n'a donc pas seulement des motivations techniques mais également esthétiques et sociales. Ce dernier point est appuyé par des études réalisées en contexte ethnographique. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'âge_du_bronze"><span id="L.27.C3.A2ge_du_bronze"></span>L'âge du bronze</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : L'âge du bronze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : L'âge du bronze"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un nouveau type de hache, la <a href="/wiki/Hache_%C3%A0_douille" title="Hache à douille">hache à douille</a> apparaît à l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%82ge_du_bronze" title="Âge du bronze">âge du bronze</a> final et connaît une énorme diffusion en <a href="/wiki/Armorique" title="Armorique">Armorique</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Normandie" title="Normandie">Normandie</a> ; les haches à douille sont appelées pour cette raison, haches à douille de type armoricain<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Elles n'ont visiblement jamais servi d'outils et la plupart des archéologues voient en elles une sorte de monnaie<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. D'autres types de haches préhistoriques existent, par exemple les haches à aileron (caractérisées par une lame de métal de coupe transversale rectangulaire, terminée par un tranchant)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, les haches à talon (elles comportent deux parties distinctes, le talon qui est la zone d’emmanchement et la lame qui prolonge le talon)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, les haches à rebords (caractérisées par des rebords latéraux perpendiculaires au corps de la hache, qui servent à fixer le manche muni de deux languettes à son extrémité<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), etc. </p><p>Les plus récentes haches sont formées d'une lame percée d'un trou où l'on fait passer le manche. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 194.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 192.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Haches à rebords de l'âge du bronze - Musée de Soulac-sur-Mer."><img alt="Haches à rebords de l'âge du bronze - Musée de Soulac-sur-Mer." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg/289px-Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg" decoding="async" width="193" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg/433px-Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg/577px-Soulac_mus%C3%A9e_haches_bronze.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2157" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Haches à rebords de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%82ge_du_bronze" title="Âge du bronze">âge du bronze</a> - Musée de <a href="/wiki/Soulac-sur-Mer" title="Soulac-sur-Mer">Soulac-sur-Mer</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:136_Haches_%C3%A0_douille_Langonnet.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Le dépôt de haches à douille de Langonnet (Musée d'histoire et d'archéologie de Vannes)"><img alt="Le dépôt de haches à douille de Langonnet (Musée d'histoire et d'archéologie de Vannes)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/136_Haches_%C3%A0_douille_Langonnet.JPG/250px-136_Haches_%C3%A0_douille_Langonnet.JPG" decoding="async" width="149" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/136_Haches_%C3%A0_douille_Langonnet.JPG/500px-136_Haches_%C3%A0_douille_Langonnet.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2571" data-file-height="2076" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Le dépôt de <a href="/wiki/Hache_%C3%A0_douille" title="Hache à douille">haches à douille</a> de <a href="/wiki/Langonnet" title="Langonnet">Langonnet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau-Gaillard_(Vannes)" title="Château-Gaillard (Vannes)">Musée d'histoire et d'archéologie de Vannes</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Haches à aileron trouvées dans le dépôt de Kergadavarn en Plouguerneau (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)"><img alt="Haches à aileron trouvées dans le dépôt de Kergadavarn en Plouguerneau (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/240px-151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/360px-151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/480px-151_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Haches à aileron trouvées dans le dépôt de Kergadavarn en <a href="/wiki/Plouguerneau" title="Plouguerneau">Plouguerneau</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_pr%C3%A9histoire_finist%C3%A9rienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne">Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne</a> de <a href="/wiki/Penmarc%27h" class="mw-redirect" title="Penmarc'h">Penmarc'h</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 93.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 91.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Haches à aileron trouvées dans le dépôt de Kergoustance en Plomodiern (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)"><img alt="Haches à aileron trouvées dans le dépôt de Kergoustance en Plomodiern (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/137px-172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/205px-172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/273px-172B_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 2x" data-file-width="931" data-file-height="1225" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Haches à aileron trouvées dans le dépôt de Kergoustance en <a href="/wiki/Plomodiern" title="Plomodiern">Plomodiern</a> (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 104.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 102.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Haches à talon du dépôt de Kergoat en Scaër (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)"><img alt="Haches à talon du dépôt de Kergoat en Scaër (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/154px-171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/230px-171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/307px-171_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 2x" data-file-width="916" data-file-height="1073" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Haches à talon du dépôt de Kergoat en <a href="/wiki/Sca%C3%ABr" title="Scaër">Scaër</a> (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 165.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 163.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:173_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Le dépôt de 89 haches à douille de Kerléonet en Spézet (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)"><img alt="Le dépôt de 89 haches à douille de Kerléonet en Spézet (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/173_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/250px-173_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" decoding="async" width="164" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/173_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/500px-173_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2436" data-file-height="1789" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Le dépôt de 89 haches à douille de Kerléonet en <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9zet" title="Spézet">Spézet</a> (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:177_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Moules ayant servi à la fabrication de haches préhistoriques (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)"><img alt="Moules ayant servi à la fabrication de haches préhistoriques (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/177_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/250px-177_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/177_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG/500px-177_Mus%C3%A9e_pr%C3%A9histoire_Penmarc%27h.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Moules ayant servi à la fabrication de haches préhistoriques (Musée de la préhistoire finistérienne de Penmarc'h)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arme">Arme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Arme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Arme"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Hache_de_guerre" title="Hache de guerre">Hache de guerre</a>.</div></div> <p>La hache est aussi utilisée comme une <a href="/wiki/Arme" title="Arme">arme</a> de combat rapproché. Plus difficile à manier qu'une <a href="/wiki/%C3%89p%C3%A9e" title="Épée">épée</a> en raison du poids et du manque d'équilibre (une épée étant équilibrée par son pommeau), la hache permet cependant des frappes plus puissantes ainsi que des techniques visant à désarmer l'adversaire ou à briser sa garde. </p><p>Les petites haches de jet franques, les <a href="/wiki/Francisque_(arme)" title="Francisque (arme)">francisques</a>, n'étaient pas, contrairement à l'image d'Épinal, des haches à double tranchant. Les haches pouvaient également être lancées mais elles étaient dans ce cas plus petites et plus légères. </p><p>La masse d'une hache de guerre se situe entre 700 grammes et 1,3 kilogramme<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence ; voir l'aide.">[réf. nécessaire]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Dans les <a href="/wiki/Si%C3%A8ge_(militaire)" title="Siège (militaire)">guerres de siège</a>, la hache commune était un <a href="/wiki/Fortification#Outils_d'attaque_et_de_défense_des_places_fortes" title="Fortification">outil de base pour l'attaque et la défense des places fortes</a>. La hache était peu coûteuse et facile à fabriquer, à cela s'ajoute qu'elle pouvait être utilisée comme outil sur le campement. </p><p>La hache est également une arme courte traditionnelle très puissante qui s'utilise par paire dans certains styles d'<a href="/wiki/Arts_martiaux_chinois" title="Arts martiaux chinois">arts martiaux chinois</a> comme dans le <a href="/wiki/Mansuria_Kung_Fu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mansuria Kung Fu">Mansuria Kung Fu</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 74px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 72px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Axes01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Répliques de haches de combat."><img alt="Répliques de haches de combat." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Axes01.jpg/120px-Axes01.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Axes01.jpg/250px-Axes01.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="1149" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Répliques de haches de combat.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 176.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 174.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hache de combat du début de l'âge du bronze"><img alt="Hache de combat du début de l'âge du bronze" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg/330px-Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg/500px-Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg/960px-Combat_axe_Early_Bronze_Age.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1256" data-file-height="865" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hache de combat du début de l'âge du bronze</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galerie">Galerie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Galerie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Galerie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 89.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 87.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Paul_Gauguin_029.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="L'Homme à la hache Tableau de Paul Gauguin (1891)."><img alt="L'Homme à la hache Tableau de Paul Gauguin (1891)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Paul_Gauguin_029.jpg/250px-Paul_Gauguin_029.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Paul_Gauguin_029.jpg/330px-Paul_Gauguin_029.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2536" data-file-height="3491" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Homme_%C3%A0_la_hache" title="L'Homme à la hache">L'Homme à la hache</a></i><br />Tableau de <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Paul Gauguin</a> (<a href="/wiki/1891" title="1891">1891</a>).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_(10669).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hache de secours sur le Molly Brown une réplique d'un bateau à aubes de l'attraction Molly Brown Riverboat à Disneyland Paris."><img alt="Hache de secours sur le Molly Brown une réplique d'un bateau à aubes de l'attraction Molly Brown Riverboat à Disneyland Paris." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_%2810669%29.jpg/330px-Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_%2810669%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_%2810669%29.jpg/500px-Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_%2810669%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_%2810669%29.jpg/960px-Applique_murale_et_hache_-_20150802_11h33_%2810669%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5214" data-file-height="3476" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hache de secours sur le Molly Brown une réplique d'un <a href="/wiki/Bateau_%C3%A0_aubes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bateau à aubes">bateau à aubes</a> de l'attraction <a href="/wiki/Molly_Brown_Riverboat" class="mw-redirect" title="Molly Brown Riverboat">Molly Brown Riverboat</a> à <a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Leakey, M.D. (1971) - <i>Olduvai Gorge - vol. 3 : Excavations in Beds I and II, 1960-1963</i>, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 306 p.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lyon+3-09-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lyon+3-09_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">« La hache : une constante humaine », in <i><a href="/wiki/Groupe_EBRA" title="Groupe EBRA">Lyon Plus</a></i>, 3 septembre 2009, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Dauzat" title="Albert Dauzat">Albert Dauzat</a>, Henri Mitterand, Jean Dubois, <i>Nouveau dictionnaire étymologique Larousse</i>, éditions Larousse 1980, p. 362b.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Site du CNRTL : étymologie de <i>hache</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/hache">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">La hache est figurée complète, avec sa <a href="/wiki/Lame_(Pr%C3%A9histoire)" title="Lame (Préhistoire)">lame</a> triangulaire en <a href="/wiki/Pierre_polie" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre polie">pierre polie</a>, insérée sur un manche recourbé à son extrémité distale, et muni d'une lanière de préhension. Cette lame peut évoquer le <a href="/wiki/Soc" title="Soc">soc</a> de l'araire et le manche son mancheron. La crosse qui relie l'outil à l'animal figurerait les traits d'attelage. Cf <span class="ouvrage" id="Péquart,_Saint-Just_Victor_Péquart1927"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marthe_Péquart,_Saint-Just_Victor_Péquart1927"><a href="/wiki/Saint-Just_P%C3%A9quart" title="Saint-Just Péquart">Marthe Péquart, Saint-Just Victor Péquart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zacharie_Le_Rouzic" title="Zacharie Le Rouzic">Zacharie Le Rouzic</a>, <cite class="italique">Corpus des signes gravés des monuments mégalithiques du Morbihan</cite>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Picard" title="Éditions Picard">A. Picard</a>, <time>1927</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">51-52</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+des+signes+grav%C3%A9s+des+monuments+m%C3%A9galithiques+du+Morbihan&rft.pub=A.+Picard&rft.au=Marthe+P%C3%A9quart%2C+Saint-Just+Victor+P%C3%A9quart&rft.date=1927&rft.pages=51-52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AHache"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Les formes de ces haches sont schématisées : le manche se réduit à un trait et la lame à un second trait subperpendiculaire au premier, ce qui aboutit à des haches symbolisées par un « chiffre 7 » et une simple croix asymétrique. Cf <span class="ouvrage" id="Péquart,_Saint-Just_Victor_Péquart,_Zacharie_Le_Rouzic1927"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marthe_Péquart,_Saint-Just_Victor_Péquart,_Zacharie_Le_Rouzic1927">Marthe Péquart, Saint-Just Victor Péquart, Zacharie Le Rouzic, <cite class="italique">Corpus des signes gravés des monuments mégalithiques du Morbihan</cite>, A. Picard, <time>1927</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">42-46</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Corpus+des+signes+grav%C3%A9s+des+monuments+m%C3%A9galithiques+du+Morbihan&rft.pub=A.+Picard&rft.au=Marthe+P%C3%A9quart%2C+Saint-Just+Victor+P%C3%A9quart%2C+Zacharie+Le+Rouzic&rft.date=1927&rft.pages=42-46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AHache"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pétrequin,_Serge_Cassen,_Michel_Errera,_Lutz_Klassen,_Alison_Sheridan_et_Anne-Marie_Pétrequin_(dir.)2012"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_Pétrequin,_Serge_Cassen,_Michel_Errera,_Lutz_Klassen,_Alison_Sheridan_et_Anne-Marie_Pétrequin_(dir.)2012">Pierre Pétrequin, Serge Cassen, Michel Errera, Lutz Klassen, Alison Sheridan et Anne-Marie Pétrequin (dir.), <cite class="italique">JADE: grandes haches alpines du Néolithique européen, Ve et IVe millénaires av. J.-C</cite>, Besançon/Gray, Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté/Centre de recherche archéologique de la vallée de l'Ain, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Les Cahiers de la MSHE », <time>2012</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84867-412-4" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84867-412-4"><span class="nowrap">978-2-84867-412-4</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=JADE%3A+grandes+haches+alpines+du+N%C3%A9olithique+europ%C3%A9en%2C+Ve+et+IVe+mill%C3%A9naires+av.+J.-C&rft.place=Besan%C3%A7on%2FGray&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Franche-Comt%C3%A9%2FCentre+de+recherche+arch%C3%A9ologique+de+la+vall%C3%A9e+de+l%27Ain&rft.au=Pierre+P%C3%A9trequin%2C+Serge+Cassen%2C+Michel+Errera%2C+Lutz+Klassen%2C+Alison+Sheridan+et+Anne-Marie+P%C3%A9trequin+%28dir.%29&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-2-84867-412-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AHache"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pétrequin,_Estelle_Gauthier_et_Anne-Marie_Pétrequin_(dir.)2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre_Pétrequin,_Estelle_Gauthier_et_Anne-Marie_Pétrequin_(dir.)2017">Pierre Pétrequin, Estelle Gauthier et Anne-Marie Pétrequin (dir.), <cite class="italique">JADE : Objets-signes et interprétations sociales des jades alpins dans l'Europe néolithique</cite>, Besançon/Gray, Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté/Centre de recherche archéologique de la vallée de l'Ain, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Les Cahiers de la MSHE », <time>2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-84867-575-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-84867-575-6"><span class="nowrap">978-2-84867-575-6</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=JADE+%3A+Objets-signes+et+interpr%C3%A9tations+sociales+des+jades+alpins+dans+l%27Europe+n%C3%A9olithique&rft.place=Besan%C3%A7on%2FGray&rft.pub=Presses+universitaires+de+Franche-Comt%C3%A9%2FCentre+de+recherche+arch%C3%A9ologique+de+la+vall%C3%A9e+de+l%27Ain&rft.au=Pierre+P%C3%A9trequin%2C+Estelle+Gauthier+et+Anne-Marie+P%C3%A9trequin+%28dir.%29&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-2-84867-575-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AHache"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">José Gomez de Soto, "Les haches à douille armoricaines revisitées. Apports des travaux et des études de la Seconde moitié du <abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle en Bretagne", Annales de Bretagne et des Pays de l'Ouest, 2013, consultable <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://abpo.revues.org/2711">http://abpo.revues.org/2711</a> et José Gomez de Soto, "Pour en finir avec le Bronze final ? Les haches à douille de type armoricain en France", consultable <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/39/52/71/PDF/St-Romain._H._a_d._texte.pdf">http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/39/52/71/PDF/St-Romain._H._a_d._texte.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bourny.laval.53.free.fr/hache.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Hache</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">bourny.laval.53.free.fr</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-05-21" data-sort-value="2021-05-21">21 mai 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://broceliande.brecilien.org/Haches-a-ailerons-73"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Haches à ailerons - Encyclopédie de Brocéliande</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">brecilien.org</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-05-21" data-sort-value="2021-05-21">21 mai 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://broceliande.brecilien.org/Haches-a-talon-75"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Haches à talon - Encyclopédie de Brocéliande</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">brecilien.org</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-05-21" data-sort-value="2021-05-21">21 mai 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://broceliande.brecilien.org/Haches-a-rebords-72"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Haches à rebords</cite></a> », (fiche avec ill. - Encyclopédie de <a href="/wiki/Broc%C3%A9liande" title="Brocéliande">Brocéliande</a>), sur <span class="italique">broceliande.brecilien.org</span>, <i>05/02/2015</i> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-04-30" data-sort-value="2020-04-30">30 avril 2020</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="BriardGuy_Verron1976"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacques_BriardGuy_Verron1976">Jacques Briard et <span class="nom_auteur">Guy Verron</span> (Famille des haches à rebords), <cite class="italique">Typologie des objets de l'âge du bronze en France</cite>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> III : <span class="italique">Haches (1/2)</span>, Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, <time>1976</time>, 123 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prehistoire.org/offres/file_inline_src/515/515_pj_131216_183017.pdf">lire en ligne</a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 31 et suivantes<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Typologie+des+objets+de+l%27%C3%A2ge+du+bronze+en+France&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Centre+National+de+la+Recherche+Scientifique&rft.aulast=Briard&rft.aufirst=Jacques&rft.au=Guy+Verron&rft.date=1976&rft.volume=III&rft.pages=31+et+suivantes&rft.tpages=123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AHache"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Annexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Axe?uselang=fr">Haches</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/hache" class="extiw" title="wikt:hache">hache</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span> (<a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9saurus:hache/fran%C3%A7ais" class="extiw" title="wikt:Thésaurus:hache/français">thésaurus</a>)</li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axinomancie" title="Axinomancie">Axinomancie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cogn%C3%A9e" title="Cognée">Cognée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisque_(arme)" title="Francisque (arme)">Francisque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasces" class="mw-redirect" title="Fasces">Fasces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallebarde" title="Hallebarde">Hallebarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hache_de_guerre" title="Hache de guerre">Hache de guerre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrys" title="Labrys">Labrys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9olithique" title="Néolithique">Néolithique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_(outil)" title="Merlin (outil)">Merlin (outil)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagaris" title="Sagaris">Sagaris</a> (attribut des <a href="/wiki/Amazones" title="Amazones">Amazones</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomahawk_(hache)" title="Tomahawk (hache)">Tomahawk (hache)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herminette" title="Herminette">Herminette</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hache&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> P. Pétrequin & A.M. Pétrequin, <i>Écologie d'un outil: la hache de pierre en <a href="/wiki/Nouvelle-Guin%C3%A9e_occidentale" title="Nouvelle-Guinée occidentale">Irian Jaya</a> (Indonésie)</i>, Paris, Éditions CNRS, Mongr. du Centre Rech. Arch. 12, 1993.</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : français">(fr)</abbr> P. Pétrequin, <i>La hache de pierre : carrières vosgiennes et échanges de lames polies pendant le Néolithique (5400 - 2100 av. J.-C.)</i>, exposition du musée d'Auxerre (Musée d'Art et d'Histoire), Paris, Éditions Errance, 1995.</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> W. Borkowski, <i>Krzemionki mining complex</i>, Warszawa, 1995.</li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> R. Bradley & M. Edmonds, <i>Interpreting the axe trade: production and exchange in Neolithic Britain</i>, 1993.</li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Armes" title="Portail des armes"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Revolver_icon.svg/40px-Revolver_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Revolver_icon.svg/60px-Revolver_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Revolver_icon.svg/120px-Revolver_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="595" data-file-height="403" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Armes" title="Portail:Armes">Portail des armes</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Travail_et_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Portail du travail et des métiers"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/M%C3%A9tier.png/40px-M%C3%A9tier.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/M%C3%A9tier.png/60px-M%C3%A9tier.png 1.5x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="74" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Travail_et_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Portail:Travail et métiers">Portail du travail et des métiers</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hache&oldid=215887928">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hache&oldid=215887928</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégories</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Hache" title="Catégorie:Hache">Hache</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Outil_de_coupe" title="Catégorie:Outil de coupe">Outil de coupe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Arme_blanche" title="Catégorie:Arme blanche">Arme blanche</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Abattage_des_bois" title="Catégorie:Abattage des bois">Abattage des bois</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Article_%C3%A0_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Catégorie:Article à référence nécessaire">Article à référence nécessaire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Cat%C3%A9gorie_Commons_avec_lien_local_diff%C3%A9rent_sur_Wikidata" title="Catégorie:Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata">Catégorie Commons avec lien local différent sur Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Armes/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Armes/Articles liés">Portail:Armes/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Histoire_militaire/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Histoire militaire/Articles liés">Portail:Histoire militaire/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Technologies/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Technologies/Articles liés">Portail:Technologies/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Travail_et_m%C3%A9tiers/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Travail et métiers/Articles liés">Portail:Travail et métiers/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:%C3%89conomie/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Économie/Articles liés">Portail:Économie/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Société/Articles liés">Portail:Société/Articles liés</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 12 juin 2024 à 14:27.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citation_et_r%C3%A9utilisation_du_contenu_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Wikipédia:Citation et réutilisation du contenu de Wikipédia">Droit d'auteur</a> : les textes sont disponibles sous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions</a> ; d’autres conditions peuvent s’appliquer. Voyez les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">conditions d’utilisation</a> pour plus de détails, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cr%C3%A9dits_graphiques" title="Wikipédia:Crédits graphiques">crédits graphiques</a>. En cas de réutilisation des textes de cette page, voyez <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer/Hache" title="Spécial:Citer/Hache">comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence</a>.<br /> Wikipedia® est une marque déposée de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organisation de bienfaisance régie par le paragraphe <a href="/wiki/501c" title="501c">501(c)(3)</a> du code fiscal des États-Unis.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hache&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Version mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hache</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>143 langues</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Ajouter un sujet</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5f6c89f4bf-prp4p","wgBackendResponseTime":352,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.263","walltime":"0.382","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1491,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":28861,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1671,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":27352,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 311.939 1 -total"," 25.72% 80.220 1 Modèle:Références"," 15.54% 48.461 1 Modèle:Portail"," 14.17% 44.217 5 Modèle:Ouvrage"," 11.45% 35.725 1 Modèle:Voir_homonymes"," 10.64% 33.181 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau_de_note"," 9.94% 31.017 1 Modèle:Méta_bandeau"," 9.62% 30.017 1 Modèle:Autres_projets"," 8.35% 26.047 1 Modèle:Grec_ancien"," 7.90% 24.652 1 Modèle:Langue"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.087","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":4827603,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.eqiad.main-84fc867fdf-fdfdp","timestamp":"20250401120607","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Hache","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hache","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q39397","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q39397","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-07-16T11:58:14Z","dateModified":"2024-06-12T12:27:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f1\/Axt_Handwerk.jpg","headline":"outil ou arme"}</script> </body> </html>