CINXE.COM

Indian Removal Act - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ca" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Indian Removal Act - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cawikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","gener","febrer","març","abril","maig","juny","juliol","agost","setembre","octubre","novembre","desembre"],"wgRequestId":"eb03159d-14fd-47e1-a751-3aa1d29e6698","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Indian_Removal_Act","wgTitle":"Indian Removal Act","wgCurRevisionId":33379360,"wgRevisionId":33379360,"wgArticleId":1212477,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles d'esdeveniments que necessiten una imatge","Pàgines amb etiquetes de Wikidata sense traducció","Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata","Control d'autoritats","Lleis dels Estats Units","Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units","Dècada del 1830","1830"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ca","wgPageContentLanguage":"ca","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Indian_Removal_Act","wgRelevantArticleId":1212477,"wgIsProbablyEditable": true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ca","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ca"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q786008","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","wikibase.client.data-bridge.externalModifiers":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.UkensKonkurranse","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.AltresViccionari","ext.gadget.purgetab","ext.gadget.DocTabs","ext.gadget.switcher", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","wikibase.client.data-bridge.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","oojs-ui.styles.icons-media","oojs-ui-core.icons","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ca&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.data-bridge.externalModifiers%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ca&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ca&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/1200px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="917"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/800px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="611"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/640px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="489"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Indian Removal Act - Viquipèdia, l&#039;enciclopèdia lliure"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ca.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifica" href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Viquipèdia (ca)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ca.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ca"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Canal de sindicació Atom Viquipèdia" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Canvis_recents&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Indian_Removal_Act rootpage-Indian_Removal_Act skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vés al contingut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menú principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d&#039;actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l&#039;Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=Indian+Removal+Act" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=Indian+Removal+Act" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d&#039;usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=Indian+Removal+Act" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=Indian+Removal+Act" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l&#039;edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d&#039;aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Antecedents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antecedents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Antecedents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antecedents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suport_i_oposició" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suport_i_oposició"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Suport i oposició</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suport_i_oposició-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplicació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplicació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aplicació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aplicació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Implementació" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Implementació"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Implementació</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Implementació-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian Removal Act</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 29 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scr%C3%A6ling_Adr%C4%81f_Gesetnes" title="Scræling Adrāf Gesetnes - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Scræling Adrāf Gesetnes" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF" title="قانون إبعاد الهنود - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قانون إبعاد الهنود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_de_traslado_forzoso_de_los_indios" title="Ley de traslado forzoso de los indios - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ley de traslado forzoso de los indios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiarrak_lekualdatzeko_legea" title="Indiarrak lekualdatzeko legea - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Indiarrak lekualdatzeko legea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AE%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قانون جابه‌جایی سرخ‌پوستان - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قانون جابه‌جایی سرخ‌پوستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei_de_traslado_forzoso_dos_indios" title="Lei de traslado forzoso dos indios - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lei de traslado forzoso dos indios" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indi%C3%A1nkitelep%C3%ADt%C3%A9si_hat%C3%A1rozat" title="Indiánkitelepítési határozat - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Indiánkitelepítési határozat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undang-Undang_Pemindahan_Indian" title="Undang-Undang Pemindahan Indian - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Undang-Undang Pemindahan Indian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E7%A7%BB%E4%BD%8F%E6%B3%95" title="インディアン移住法 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インディアン移住法" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B8_%EC%9D%B4%EC%A3%BC%EB%B2%95" title="인디언 이주법 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인디언 이주법" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ind%C4%97n%C5%B3_i%C5%A1keldinimo_aktas" title="Indėnų iškeldinimo aktas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Indėnų iškeldinimo aktas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Закон о переселении индейцев - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Закон о переселении индейцев" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakon_o_preseljenju_Indijanaca" title="Zakon o preseljenju Indijanaca - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zakon o preseljenju Indijanaca" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%99%D0%B5%D1%9A%D1%83_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Закон о пресељењу Индијанаца - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Закон о пресељењу Индијанаца" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Indian Removal Act - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Indian Removal Act" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รัฐบัญญัติการโยกย้ายอินเดียน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐบัญญัติการโยกย้ายอินเดียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lderili_Tehcir_Yasas%C4%B1" title="Kızılderili Tehcir Yasası - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kızılderili Tehcir Yasası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Закон про переселення індіанців - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Закон про переселення індіанців" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E7%AC%AC%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%BA%E8%BF%81%E7%A7%BB%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" title="印第安人迁移法案 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印第安人迁移法案" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q786008#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussi%C3%B3:Indian_Removal_Act" rel="discussion" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d&#039;aquesta pàgina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=history" title="Versions antigues d&#039;aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Removal_Act"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Indian_Removal_Act" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Indian_Removal_Act" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d&#039;aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;oldid=33379360" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&amp;page=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;id=33379360&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIndian_Removal_Act"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIndian_Removal_Act"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Indian+Removal+Act"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d&#039;aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Indian_Removal_Act" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q786008" title="Enllaç a l&#039;element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l&#039;enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28178455">.mw-parser-output .infobox_bodystyle{font-size:85%;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titlestyle{background:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_abovestyle{background:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerstyle{background:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle{background:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle1{width:100%;background:#ccccff;text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label{background:#eeeeee;padding-right:1.2em;width:40%;text-align:start}</style><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em;infobox_bodystyle"><caption class="infobox_titlestyle" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Rpb_notepad_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plantilla:Infotaula esdeveniment"><img alt="Plantilla:Infotaula esdeveniment" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rpb_notepad_icon.svg/25px-Rpb_notepad_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rpb_notepad_icon.svg/38px-Rpb_notepad_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rpb_notepad_icon.svg/50px-Rpb_notepad_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="35" data-file-height="32" /></a></span></span>Indian Removal Act</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr class="mw-empty-elt"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table align="center" style="width:auto; cellspacing:1; cellpadding:0%; border:0; margin:0; display:table;"><tbody><tr class="mw-empty-elt"> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q476068" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q476068">Llei del Congrés dels Estats Units</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Promulgació</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4631174" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4631174">21st United States Congress</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4631174?uselang=ca" title="Tradueix"><img alt="Tradueix" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P467" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Tema</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">deportació dels indis dels Estats Units</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P921" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Estat</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Estats Units d&#39;Amèrica">Estats Units d'Amèrica</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P17" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Jurisdicció</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Estats Units d&#39;Amèrica">Estats Units d'Amèrica</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P1001" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Signatari</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> <small>(28 maig 1830) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P1891" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Efectes</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">deportació dels indis dels Estats Units</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786008?uselang=ca#P1542" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><span style="float:center;"></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Trails_of_Tears_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/440px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/660px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/880px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png 2x" data-file-width="2025" data-file-height="1547" /></a><figcaption>De l'Indian Removal Act resultà el trasllat de nombroses <a href="/wiki/Amerindis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Amerindis dels Estats Units">amerindis</a> i el <a href="/wiki/Cam%C3%AD_de_les_Ll%C3%A0grimes" title="Camí de les Llàgrimes">Camí de les Llàgrimes</a></figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>Indian Removal Act</b> (<i>Llei de trasllat índia</i>) va ser una llei aprovada pel <a href="/wiki/Congr%C3%A9s_dels_Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" class="mw-redirect" title="Congrés dels Estats Units d&#39;Amèrica">Congrés dels Estats Units d'Amèrica</a> el <a href="/wiki/28_de_maig" title="28 de maig">28 de maig</a> de <a href="/wiki/1830" title="1830">1830</a>, durant la <a href="/wiki/President_dels_Estats_Units" title="President dels Estats Units">Presidència</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a>. Autoritzava a negociar amb les tribus <a href="/wiki/Amerindis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Amerindis dels Estats Units">ameríndies</a> del <a href="/wiki/Sud_dels_Estats_Units" title="Sud dels Estats Units">sud dels EUA</a> la seva <a href="/wiki/Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">deportació</a> al territori federal a l'oest del <a href="/wiki/Riu_Mississipi" class="mw-redirect" title="Riu Mississipi">riu Mississipi</a> a canvi de les seves terres ancestrals.<sup id="cite_ref-fn_1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fn_1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>La llei va rebre un suport ferm de persones no natives del <a href="/wiki/Sud_dels_Estats_Units" title="Sud dels Estats Units">Sud</a>, que estaven desitjosos d'obtenir accés a les terres habitades per les <a href="/wiki/Cinc_tribus_civilitzades" title="Cinc tribus civilitzades">cinc tribus civilitzades</a>. Els missioners cristians, sobretot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeremies_Evarts&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeremies Evarts (encara no existeix)">Jeremies Evarts</a>, van protestar contra l'aprovació. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antecedents">Antecedents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Antecedents"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg/220px-AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg/330px-AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg/440px-AndrewJacksonCongress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>El president Andrew Jackson va fer una crida a l'aprovació de l'Indian Removal Act en 1829</figcaption></figure> <p>Les "<a href="/wiki/Cinc_tribus_civilitzades" title="Cinc tribus civilitzades">Cinc tribus civilitzades</a>," formades per les nacions originals <a href="/wiki/Naci%C3%B3_Chickasaw" title="Nació Chickasaw">Chickasaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naci%C3%B3_Choctaw_d%27Oklahoma" title="Nació Choctaw d&#39;Oklahoma">Choctaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naci%C3%B3_Muscogee_(Creek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nació Muscogee (Creek)">Muscogee-Creek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seminola" title="Seminola">Seminola</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Cherokees" title="Cherokees">Cherokees</a>, s'havien establert com a <a href="/wiki/Naci%C3%B3" title="Nació">nacions</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autonomia_pol%C3%ADtica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Autonomia política (encara no existeix)">autònomes</a> al sud-est dels Estats Units. L'<a href="/wiki/Assimilaci%C3%B3_cultural_dels_amerindis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Assimilació cultural dels amerindis dels Estats Units">aculturació</a> proposada per <a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> estava en marxa entre els cherokee i choctaw.<sup id="cite_ref-perdue_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perdue-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> La política de <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> havia estat de respectar el dret dels amerindis a les seves terres ancestrals, permetent que tots els amerindis que havien adoptat el comportament angloeuropeu es quedessin a l'est del Mississipi. Ell va planejar guiar-los cap a la pràctica d'una societat basada en l'agricultura. No obstant això, Andrew Jackson va intentar renovar la política d'acció política i militar per a la deportació dels amerindis d'aquestes terres i va treballar cap a la promulgació d'una llei per a la deportació dels amerindis.<sup id="cite_ref-letterharrison1803_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-letterharrison1803-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>En el cas de 1823 de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johnson_v._M%27Intosh&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Johnson v. M&#39;Intosh (encara no existeix)">Johnson v. M'Intosh</a></i> la <a href="/wiki/Cort_Suprema_dels_Estats_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="Cort Suprema dels Estats Units">Cort Suprema dels Estats Units</a> va dictar una decisió que va declarar que els indis podien ocupar terres dins dels Estats Units, però que no podien posseir el títol d'aquestes terres.<sup id="cite_ref-pbsremoval_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbsremoval-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Jackson, com era comú abans de la <a href="/wiki/Guerra_Civil_dels_Estats_Units" title="Guerra Civil dels Estats Units">Guerra Civil dels Estats Units</a>, considerava la unió com una federació d'estats sobirans. Es va oposar a la política de Washington d'establir tractats amb les tribus ameríndies com si fossin nacions estrangeres. Per tant, la creació de jurisdiccions indígenes era una violació de la sobirania de l'Estat d'acord amb l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Article_Quatre_de_la_Constituci%C3%B3_dels_Estats_Units&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Article Quatre de la Constitució dels Estats Units (encara no existeix)">Article IV, secció 3</a> de la Constitució. Com ho veia Jackson, tant si els indis comprenien estats sobirans (cosa que violava la Constitució) com si eren subjectes a les lleis dels estats actuals de la Unió. Jackson va instar als indis a assimilar-se i obeir les lleis estatals. A més, creia que només podia acomodar el desig d'autogovern dels amerindis en territoris federals. Això requeria l'assentament a l'oest del riu Mississipi en terres federals.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suport_i_oposició"><span id="Suport_i_oposici.C3.B3"></span>Suport i oposició</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Suport i oposició"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <i>Removal Act</i> va rebre un fort suport de persones no natives al <a href="/wiki/Sud_dels_Estats_Units" title="Sud dels Estats Units">Sud</a>, que estaven desitjoses d'obtenir les terres habitades per les <a href="/wiki/Cinc_tribus_civilitzades" title="Cinc tribus civilitzades">cinc tribus civilitzades</a>. En particular, <a href="/wiki/Ge%C3%B2rgia_(Estats_Units)" title="Geòrgia (Estats Units)">Geòrgia</a>, l'estat més gran en aquest moment, estava involucrat en una disputa contenciosa jurisdiccional als <a href="/wiki/Cherokees" title="Cherokees">cherokees</a>. El president Jackson esperava que la deportació resoldria la crisi de Geòrgia.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>L&#39;<i>Indian Removal Act</i> fou controvertida. Mentre que molts euroamericans van afavorir aleshores la seva aprovació, hi va haver una oposició significativa. Molts cristians missioners, el més destacat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeremies_Evarts&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeremies Evarts (encara no existeix)">Jeremies Evarts</a>, van protestar contra l'aprovació de la llei. Al Congrés, el <a href="/wiki/Senat_dels_Estats_Units" title="Senat dels Estats Units">senador de Nova Jersey</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodore_Frelinghuysen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodore Frelinghuysen (encara no existeix)">Theodore Frelinghuysen</a> i el congressista <a href="/wiki/Davy_Crockett" title="Davy Crockett">Davy Crockett</a> de <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> va parlar en contra de la legislació. La Llei fou aprovada després d'un agre debat al Congrés.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jackson veia la desaparició de les nacions tribals índies com a inevitable, apuntant a la promoció de la vida sedentària i la desaparició de les nacions tribals al nord-est dels Estats Units. Va titllar d'hipòcrites als seus crítics del nord, donada la història del nord; les tribus índies van ser conduïdes a l'extinció, els vedats de caça indis reemplaçats per granges familiars, i la llei tribal reemplaçada per la llei estatal. Si els indis del sud sobrevivien i la seva cultura es mantenia, es van enfrontar a poderoses forces històriques que només podien ajornar. Va despatxar representacions romàntiques de la cultura índia perduda com un anhel sentimental per a una època més simple en el passat, que el curs del progrés requereix avançar.<sup id="cite_ref-b489_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b489-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:&#123;&#123;#switch:left&#124;center=both&#124;#default=left;"> <table style="margin:auto; width:auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="font-size:35px; padding:0 10px; text-align:left; font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-weight:bold; color:silver;">« </td> <td valign="middle" align="left" style="">La humanitat ha plorat sovint sobre el destí dels aborígens d'aquest país i la filantropia durant molt de temps ha estat emprada per idear mitjans per evitar-ho, però el seu progrés mai s'ha aturat un moment, i moltes tribus poderoses han desapareguda de la terra una per una. ... Però la veritable filantropia reconcilia la ment a aquestes vicissituds com ho fa l'extinció d'una generació per fer lloc a una altra ... La filantropia no podria desitjar veure aquest continent reposat en l'estat en què va ser trobat pels nostres avantpassats. Quin bon home preferiria un país cobert de boscos i explotat per uns pocs milers de salvatges a la nostra extensa República, esquitxada de ciutats, pobles i granges pròsperes, adornada amb totes les millores que l'art pot concebre o la indústria pot executar, ocupat per més de 12&#160;milions de persones felices, i plenes de totes les benediccions de llibertat, civilització i religió?<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="font-size:35px; padding:0 10px 10px; text-align:right; font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;, serif; font-weight:bold; color:silver;">» </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Jackson, segons l'historiador <a href="/w/index.php?title=H._W._Brands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="H. W. Brands (encara no existeix)">H. W. Brands</a>, creia sincerament que la seva <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transfer%C3%A8ncia_de_poblaci%C3%B3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transferència de població (encara no existeix)">transferència de població</a> era una "política assenyada i humana" que salvaria els indis de "l'aniquilació total." Brand escriu que donades les "realitats racistes de l'època, Jackson era gairebé correcte al sostenir que per als cherokees romandre a Geòrgia era arriscar la seva extinció." Jackson va retratar el seu paternalisme i el suport federal com un generós acte de misericòrdia.<sup id="cite_ref-b489_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b489-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>El 24 d'abril de 1830 el Senat aprovà l&#39;<i>Indian Removal Act</i> per una votació de 28 a 19.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> El 26 de maig de 1830 la Cambra de Representants aprovà l'Indian Removal Act per una votació de 101 a 97.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> El 28 de maig de 1830, l'Indian Removal Act fou signada com a llei pel president Andrew Jackson. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplicació"><span id="Aplicaci.C3.B3"></span>Aplicació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Aplicació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r30997230">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Article principal: <a href="/wiki/Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementació"><span id="Implementaci.C3.B3"></span>Implementació</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Implementació"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Si bé el trasllat dels amerindis era en teoria voluntari, a la pràctica es va fer una gran pressió sobre els líders dels amerindis perquè signessin tractats de transferència. La majoria dels observadors, tant si estaven a favor de la política del trasllat indi o no, es van adonar que l'aprovació de la llei significava el trasllat inevitable de la majoria dels indis dels estats. Alguns líders indígenes americans que havien resistit prèviament el trasllat ara començaren a reconsiderar les seves posicions, especialment després de la victòria de Jackson a les <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleccions_presidencials_dels_Estats_Units_de_1832&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eleccions presidencials dels Estats Units de 1832 (encara no existeix)">eleccions presidencials dels Estats Units de 1832</a>. Les tribus afectades eren els <a href="/wiki/Cherokees" title="Cherokees">cherokees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chickasaws" class="mw-redirect" title="Chickasaws">chickasaws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Choctaws" title="Choctaws">choctaws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Creek" title="Creek">creek</a> i <a href="/wiki/Seminola" title="Seminola">seminola</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Altres pobles afectats i traslladats foren els <a href="/wiki/Wyandot" title="Wyandot">wyandot</a>, els <a href="/wiki/Kickapoo" title="Kickapoo">kickapoo</a>, els <a href="/w/index.php?title=Potowatomi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Potowatomi (encara no existeix)">potowatomi</a>, els <a href="/wiki/Shawnee_(grup_hum%C3%A0)" title="Shawnee (grup humà)">shawnee</a>, i els <a href="/wiki/Lenape" class="mw-redirect" title="Lenape">Lenape</a>. </p><p>La Removal Act va aplanar el camí per a la migració reticent de desenes de milers d'indis americans a l'Oest, un esdeveniment àmpliament conegut com el "<a href="/wiki/Cam%C3%AD_de_les_Ll%C3%A0grimes" title="Camí de les Llàgrimes">Camí de les Llàgrimes</a>,«&#160;una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transfer%C3%A8ncia_de_poblaci%C3%B3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transferència de població (encara no existeix)">deportació</a> de la població nativa.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> El primer tractat de trasllat signat després de la Removal Act fou el <a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Dancing_Rabbit_Creek" title="Tractat de Dancing Rabbit Creek">tractat de Dancing Rabbit Creek</a> el 27 de setembre de 1830, en la qual els <a href="/wiki/Choctaws" title="Choctaws">choctaws</a> de <a href="/wiki/Mississipi" title="Mississipi">Mississipi</a> cediren llurs terres a l'est del riu a canvi d'un pagament i de terra a l'Oest. El <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tractat_de_New_Echota&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tractat de New Echota (encara no existeix)">Tractat de New Echota</a>, signat en 1835, va donar lloc al trasllat dels cherokees en el Camí de les Llàgrimes. Els seminoles i altres tribus no van marxar en pau. Juntament amb els esclaus fugitius es van resistir al trasllat. La <a href="/wiki/Segona_Guerra_Seminola" class="mw-redirect" title="Segona Guerra Seminola">Segona Guerra Seminola</a> va durar des de 1835 fins a 1842 i va donar lloc a l'expulsió dels seminoles. Només un petit nombre es va mantenir, i al voltant de 3.000 van morir en la guerra entre els soldats nord-americans i els seminoles.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist &#123;&#123;#if: &#124; references-column-count references-column-count-&#123;&#123;&#123;col&#125;&#125;&#125;" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn_1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-fn_1_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">El <a href="/wiki/Senat_dels_Estats_Units" title="Senat dels Estats Units">Senat dels Estats Units</a> aprovà la llei el 24 d'abril de 1830 (28–19), la <a href="/wiki/Cambra_de_Representants_dels_Estats_Units" title="Cambra de Representants dels Estats Units">Cambra de Representants dels Estats Units</a> l'aprovà el 26 de maig de 1830 (102–97); Prucha, Francis Paul, <i>The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indians</i>, Volume I, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">El <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/21-1/h149"><i>Congressional Record</i></a> diu que la llei fou aprovada 101–97 amb 11 que no votaren. Cambra vot No. 149 de 26 de maig de 1830.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Indian.html">Indian Removal Act: Primary Documents of American History</a>».&#32; Library of Congress.&#32;[Consulta: 12 maig 2011].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-perdue-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-perdue_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFPerdue2003"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Perdue</span>, Theda.&#32;«Chapter 2 "Both White and Red"». A: <i>Mixed Blood Indians: Racial Construction in the Early South</i>.&#32; The University of Georgia Press,&#32;2003,&#32;p.&#160;51. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0-8203-2731-X" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0-8203-2731-X">ISBN 0-8203-2731-X</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Mixed+Blood+Indians%3A+Racial+Construction+in+the+Early+South&amp;rft.atitle=Chapter+2+%22Both+White+and+Red%22&amp;rft.aulast=Perdue&amp;rft.aufirst=Theda&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.pub=The+University+of+Georgia+Press&amp;rft.pages=51&amp;rft.isbn=0-8203-2731-X"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-letterharrison1803-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-letterharrison1803_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFJefferson1803"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Jefferson</span>, Thomas.&#32;«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180120091110/http://courses.missouristate.edu/ftmiller/Documents/jeffindianpolicy.htm">President Thomas Jefferson to William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana Territory</a>»,&#32;1803. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://courses.missouristate.edu/ftmiller/Documents/jeffindianpolicy.htm">original</a> el 2018-01-20.&#32;[Consulta: 14 juliol 2012].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Jackson</span>, Andrew.&#32;«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130601183515/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/andrew.htm">President Andrew Jackson's Case for the Removal Act</a>».&#32; Mount Holyoke College. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/andrew.htm">original</a> el 1 de juny 2013.&#32;[Consulta: 28 maig 2013].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pbsremoval-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pbsremoval_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2959.html">Indial Removal 1814-1858</a>».&#32; Public Broadcasting System.&#32;[Consulta: 11 agost 2009].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBrands2006"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H.W._Brands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="H.W. Brands (encara no existeix)"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Brands</span>, H.W.</a>. <i>Andrew Jackson: His Life and Times</i>.&#32; Anchor,&#32;2006,&#32;p.&#160;488. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4000-3072-9" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4000-3072-9">ISBN 978-1-4000-3072-9</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Andrew+Jackson%3A+His+Life+and+Times&amp;rft.aulast=Brands&amp;rft.aufirst=H.W.&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.pub=Anchor&amp;rft.pages=488&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4000-3072-9"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFWilson1898"><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Wilson</span>, Woodrow</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.cat/books?id=gX5JAAAAIAAJ&amp;q=Indian+Removal#v=snippet&amp;q=Indian%20question&amp;f=false"><i>Division and Reunion 1829-1889</i></a>.&#32; Longmans, Green and Co.,&#32;1898,&#32;p.&#160;35–38.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Division+and+Reunion+1829-1889&amp;rft.aulast=Wilson&amp;rft.aufirst=Woodrow&amp;rft.date=1898&amp;rft.pub=Longmans%2C+Green+and+Co.&amp;rft.pages=35%E2%80%9338&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgX5JAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DIndian%2BRemoval%23v%3Dsnippet%26q%3DIndian%2520question%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFLittlefield_Jr.Parins2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Littlefield Jr.</span>, Daniel F.;&#32;<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Parins</span>, James W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=A7OlZPtIMy4C&amp;pg=PA270&amp;dq=cherokee+Jackson++Ge%C3%B2rgia+1830&amp;hl=ca&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CEYQ6AEwBWoVChMI5c2Cle_uyAIVgTsaCh3yKAkU#v=onepage&amp;q=cherokee%20Jackson%20%20Ge%C3%B2rgia%201830&amp;f=false"><i>Encyclopedia of American Indian Removal</i></a>&#32;(en anglès).&#32; <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>,&#32;2011,&#32;p.&#160;270.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+American+Indian+Removal&amp;rft.aulast=Littlefield+Jr.&amp;rft.aufirst=Daniel+F.&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.pub=%5B%5BABC-CLIO%5D%5D&amp;rft.pages=270&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA7OlZPtIMy4C%26pg%3DPA270%26dq%3Dcherokee%2BJackson%2B%2BGe%25C3%25B2rgia%2B1830%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0CEYQ6AEwBWoVChMI5c2Cle_uyAIVgTsaCh3yKAkU%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dcherokee%2520Jackson%2520%2520Ge%25C3%25B2rgia%25201830%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Howe pp. 348–352.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b489-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-b489_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-b489_12-1">12,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Brands, (2006). p489-493</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brands, (2006). p490</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.columbia.edu/~lmg21/BC3180/removal.html">Statements from the Debate on Indian Removal</a>».&#32; Columbia University.&#32;[Consulta: 21 març 2014].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/21-1/s104">To Order Engrossment and Third Reading of S. 102.</a>».&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=GovTrack&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="GovTrack (encara no existeix)">GovTrack</a>,&#32;07-07-2013.&#32;[Consulta: 21 octubre 2013].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/21-1/h149">To Pass S. 102. (P. 729)</a>».&#32; GovTrack,&#32;07-07-2013.&#32;[Consulta: 21 octubre 2013].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFStewart2006"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Stewart</span>, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=byc87B1MceMC&amp;pg=PA18&amp;dq=Indian+Removal+Act+cherokee+chickasaw&amp;hl=ca&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMI7JCnluvuyAIVgl0aCh3-Bw2I#v=onepage&amp;q=Indian%20Removal%20Act%20cherokee%20chickasaw&amp;f=false"><i>The Indian Removal Act: Forced Relocation</i></a>&#32;(en anglès).&#32; Capstone,&#32;2006,&#32;p.&#160;18. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/0756524520" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/0756524520">ISBN 0756524520</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Indian+Removal+Act%3A+Forced+Relocation&amp;rft.aulast=Stewart&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.pub=Capstone&amp;rft.pages=18&amp;rft.isbn=0756524520&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dbyc87B1MceMC%26pg%3DPA18%26dq%3DIndian%2BRemoval%2BAct%2Bcherokee%2Bchickasaw%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMI7JCnluvuyAIVgl0aCh3-Bw2I%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DIndian%2520Removal%2520Act%2520cherokee%2520chickasaw%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal">Robert E. Greenwood PhD. <i>Outsourcing Culture: How American Culture has Changed From "We the People" Into a One World Government</i>.&#32; Outskirts Press,&#32;2007,&#32;p.&#160;97.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Outsourcing+Culture%3A+How+American+Culture+has+Changed+From+%22We+the+People%22+Into+a+One+World+Government&amp;rft.au=Robert+E.+Greenwood+PhD&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.pub=Outskirts+Press&amp;rft.pages=97"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal">Rajiv Molhotra.&#32;«American Exceptionalism and the Myth of the American Frontiers». A:&#32;Rajani Kannepalli Kanth. <i>The Challenge of Eurocentrism</i>.&#32; Palgrave MacMillan,&#32;2009,&#32;p.&#160;180, 184, 189, 199.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Challenge+of+Eurocentrism&amp;rft.atitle=American+Exceptionalism+and+the+Myth+of+the+American+Frontiers&amp;rft.au=Rajiv+Molhotra&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave+MacMillan&amp;rft.pages=180%2C+184%2C+189%2C+199"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal"> <i>Congress and the Emergence of Sectionalism</i>.&#32; Ohio University Press,&#32;2008,&#32;p.&#160;15,141,254.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Congress+and+the+Emergence+of+Sectionalism&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.pub=Ohio+University+Press&amp;rft.pages=15%2C141%2C254"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal">Ben Kiernan. <i>Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from Sparta to Darfur</i>.&#32; Yale University Press,&#32;2007,&#32;p.&#160;328, 330.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Blood+and+Soil%3A+A+World+History+of+Genocide+and+Extermination+from+Sparta+to+Darfur&amp;rft.au=Ben+Kiernan&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&amp;rft.pages=328%2C+330"><span style="display: none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Foner&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Foner (encara no existeix)">Foner, Eric</a> (2006). <i>Give me liberty</i>. Norton.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Walker_Howe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Walker Howe (encara no existeix)">Howe</a>, Daniel Walker. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=What_Hath_God_Wrought:_The_Transformation_of_America,_1815%E2%80%931848&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848 (encara no existeix)">What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848</a>.</i> (2007) <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-19-507894-7" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-19-507894-7">ISBN 978-0-19-507894-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territori_de_Florida" title="Territori de Florida">Territori de Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs"><span id="Enlla.C3.A7os_externs"></span>Enllaços externs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Indian_Removal_Act" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Indian Removal Act">Indian Removal Act</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Indian.html">Indian Removal Act i recursos relacionats</a>, a la <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_del_Congr%C3%A9s_dels_Estats_Units" title="Biblioteca del Congrés dels Estats Units">Biblioteca del Congrés dels Estats Units</a><i></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&amp;doc=25&amp;page=transcript"><i>1830 State of the Union on Indian Removal</i></a>; Text at 100 Milestone Documents</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33663753"><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Vegeu texts en català sobre <i><b><a href="https://ca.wikisource.org/wiki/ca:Indian_Removal_Act" class="extiw" title="s:ca:Indian Removal Act">Indian Removal Act</a></b></i> a <a href="https://ca.wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="s:">Viquitexts</a>, la biblioteca lliure.</div></div> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Deportació_ameríndia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Deportaci%C3%B3_amer%C3%ADndia" title="Plantilla:Deportació ameríndia"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Deportació_ameríndia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">Deportació ameríndia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Política i lleis</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indian Removal Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georgia_Land_Lotteries&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Georgia Land Lotteries (encara no existeix)">Georgia Land Lotteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dest%C3%AD_Manifest" title="Destí Manifest">Destí Manifest</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Worcester_v._Georgia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Worcester v. Georgia (encara no existeix)">Worcester v. Georgia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Trails_of_Tears_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/250px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/375px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Trails_of_Tears_en.png/500px-Trails_of_Tears_en.png 2x" data-file-width="2025" data-file-height="1547" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deportacions</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cam%C3%AD_de_les_Ll%C3%A0grimes" title="Camí de les Llàgrimes">Camí de les Llàgrimes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deportaci%C3%B3_cherokee&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deportació cherokee (encara no existeix)">Deportació cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cam%C3%AD_de_les_Ll%C3%A0grimes_choctaw" title="Camí de les Llàgrimes choctaw">Camí de les Llàgrimes choctaw</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deportacions_%C3%ADndies_a_Indiana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deportacions índies a Indiana (encara no existeix)">Deportacions índies a Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cam%C3%AD_de_la_Mort_potawatomi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camí de la Mort potawatomi (encara no existeix)">Camí de la Mort potawatomi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Polítics i militars<br />estatunidencs</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Calhoun">John C. Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Rockingham_Gilmer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="George Rockingham Gilmer (encara no existeix)">George Rockingham Gilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Jefferson_i_deportaci%C3%B3_amer%C3%ADndia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Jefferson i deportació ameríndia (encara no existeix)">Thomas Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott" title="Winfield Scott">Winfield Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Tipton&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John Tipton (encara no existeix)">John Tipton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Wallace_(Indiana)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="David Wallace (Indiana) (encara no existeix)">David Wallace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tractats de cessions de terra</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tractats_de_Buffalo_Creek&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tractats de Buffalo Creek (encara no existeix)">Buffalo Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Cusseta" title="Tractat de Cusseta">Cusseta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Doak%27s_Stand" title="Tractat de Doak&#39;s Stand">Tractat de Doak's Stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Dancing_Rabbit_Creek" title="Tractat de Dancing Rabbit Creek">Dancing Rabbit Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tractat_de_New_Echota&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tractat de New Echota (encara no existeix)">New Echota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Payne%27s_Landing" title="Tractat de Payne&#39;s Landing">Payne's Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tractat_de_Prairie_du_Chien" title="Tractat de Prairie du Chien">Prairie du Chien</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tractat_de_Pontotoc_Creek&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tractat de Pontotoc Creek (encara no existeix)">Pontotoc Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territoris</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territori_d%27Arkansas" title="Territori d&#39;Arkansas">Territori d'Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territori_Indi" title="Territori Indi">Territori Indi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territori_d%27Oklahoma" title="Territori d&#39;Oklahoma">Territori d'Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antigues_reserves_%C3%ADndies_a_Oklahoma&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antigues reserves índies a Oklahoma (encara no existeix)">Antigues reserves índies a Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Texas" title="República de Texas">República de Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Drets_dels_Amerindis_dels_Estats_Units" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#F0E68C;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Drets_indis_USA" title="Plantilla:Drets indis USA"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Drets_dels_Amerindis_dels_Estats_Units" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drets_civils_dels_amerindis_dels_Estats_Units&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Drets civils dels amerindis dels Estats Units (encara no existeix)">Drets</a> dels <a href="/wiki/Amerindis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Amerindis dels Estats Units">Amerindis dels Estats Units</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%">Cas legal</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation_contra_Georgia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cherokee Nation contra Georgia (encara no existeix)">Cherokee Nation contra Georgia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Worcester_contra_Georgia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Worcester contra Georgia (encara no existeix)">Worcester contra Georgia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standing_Bear_contra_Crook&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Standing Bear contra Crook (encara no existeix)">Standing Bear contra Crook</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ex_parte_Crow_Dog&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ex parte Crow Dog (encara no existeix)">Ex parte Crow Dog</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talton_contra_Mayes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Talton contra Mayes (encara no existeix)">Talton contra Mayes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lone_Wolf_contra_Hitchcock&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lone Wolf contra Hitchcock (encara no existeix)">Lone Wolf contra Hitchcock</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Menominee_Tribe_contra_United_States&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Menominee Tribe contra United States (encara no existeix)">Menominee Tribe contra United States</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=McClanahan_contra_Arizona_State_Tax_Comm%27n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="McClanahan contra Arizona State Tax Comm&#39;n (encara no existeix)">McClanahan contra Arizona State Tax Comm'n</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bryan_contra_Itasca_County&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bryan contra Itasca County (encara no existeix)">Bryan contra Itasca County</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hodel_contra_Irving&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hodel contra Irving (encara no existeix)">Hodel contra Irving</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mississippi_Band_of_Choctaw_Indians_contra_Holyfield&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians contra Holyfield (encara no existeix)">Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians contra Holyfield</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_contra_Lara&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States contra Lara (encara no existeix)">United States contra Lara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobell_contra_Salazar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cobell contra Salazar (encara no existeix)">Cobell contra Salazar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adoptive_Couple_contra_Baby_Girl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Adoptive Couple contra Baby Girl (encara no existeix)">Adoptive Couple contra Baby Girl</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%">Legislació</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nonintercourse_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonintercourse Act">Nonintercourse Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Civilization_Fund_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Civilization Fund Act (encara no existeix)">Civilization Act</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indian Removal Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dawes_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dawes Act (encara no existeix)">Dawes Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curtis_Act_of_1898&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Curtis Act of 1898 (encara no existeix)">Curtis Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Burke_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Burke Act (encara no existeix)">Burke Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Citizenship_Act_of_1924&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 (encara no existeix)">Indian Citizenship Act of 1924</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nationality_Act_of_1940&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nationality Act of 1940 (encara no existeix)">Nationality Act of 1940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Reorganization_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Reorganization Act (encara no existeix)">Indian Reorganization Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oklahoma_Indian_Welfare_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act (encara no existeix)">Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Civil_Rights_Act_of_1968&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 (encara no existeix)">Indian Civil Rights Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native_Claims_Settlement_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act">Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Self-Determination_and_Education_Assistance_Act_of_1975&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (encara no existeix)">Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Indian_Religious_Freedom_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="American Indian Religious Freedom Act (encara no existeix)">American Indian Religious Freedom Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Child_Welfare_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Child Welfare Act (encara no existeix)">Indian Child Welfare Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Gaming_Regulatory_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (encara no existeix)">Indian Gaming Regulatory Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Native_American_Languages_Act_of_1990&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Native American Languages Act of 1990 (encara no existeix)">Native American Languages Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Arts_and_Crafts_Act_of_1990&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990 (encara no existeix)">Indian Arts and Crafts Act</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Native_American_Graves_Protection_and_Repatriation_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (encara no existeix)">Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reconeixement_amerindi_als_Estats_Units" title="Reconeixement amerindi als Estats Units">Reconeixement federal</a> i<br /><a href="/wiki/Tribu_reconeguda_estatalment" title="Tribu reconeguda estatalment">estatal</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconeixement_federal_dels_nadius_hawaiians&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconeixement federal dels nadius hawaiians (encara no existeix)">Reconeixement federal dels nadius hawaiians</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Status_legal_de_Hawaii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Status legal de Hawaii (encara no existeix)">Status legal de Hawaii</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llista_de_tribus_no_reconegudes_als_Estats_Units" title="Llista de tribus no reconegudes als Estats Units">Tribus no reconegudes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribu_reconeguda_federalment" title="Tribu reconeguda federalment">Tribu reconeguda federalment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribu_reconeguda_estatalment" title="Tribu reconeguda estatalment">Tribu reconeguda estatalment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#F0E68C;;width:1%">Relacionats</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtoil_aborigen_als_Estats_Units&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títoil aborigen als Estats Units (encara no existeix)">Títol aborígen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llei_p%C3%BAblica_280&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llei pública 280 (encara no existeix)">Llei pública 280</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Indian_Gaming_Commission&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="National Indian Gaming Commission (encara no existeix)">National Indian Gaming Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joc_amerindi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joc amerindi (encara no existeix)">Empreses de Joc Ameríndies</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Commission&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cherokee Commission (encara no existeix)">Cherokee Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dawes_Rolls&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dawes Rolls (encara no existeix)">Dawes Rolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eagle_feather_law&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eagle feather law (encara no existeix)">Eagle feather law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconeixement_dels_llocs_sagrats_amerindis_als_Estats_Units&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconeixement dels llocs sagrats amerindis als Estats Units (encara no existeix)">Reconeixement de llocs sagrats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Títol_aborigen_als_Estats_Units" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_als_Estats_Units" title="Plantilla:Títol aborigen als Estats Units"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Títol_aborigen_als_Estats_Units" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_als_Estats_Units&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen als Estats Units (encara no existeix)">Títol aborigen als Estats Units</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Estatuts</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estatut_del_t%C3%ADtol_aborigen_en_les_Tretze_Col%C3%B2nies&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Estatut del títol aborigen en les Tretze Colònies (encara no existeix)">Era colonial</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carta_de_Llibertats_i_Exempcions&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Carta de Llibertats i Exempcions (encara no existeix)">Carta de Llibertats i Exempcions</a> (1629 Nova Holanda)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamaci%C3%B3_reial_de_1763" title="Proclamació reial de 1763">Proclamació reial de 1763</a> (Amèrica del Nord britànica)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proclamaci%C3%B3_del_Congr%C3%A9s_de_la_Confederaci%C3%B3_de_1783&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proclamació del Congrés de la Confederació de 1783 (encara no existeix)">Proclamació del Congrés de la Confederació de 1783</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg/150px-Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg/225px-Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg/300px-Treaty_of_Penn_with_Indians_by_Benjamin_West.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1150" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Estats Units</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordenan%C3%A7a_del_Nord-oest&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordenança del Nord-oest (encara no existeix)">Ordenança del Nord-oest</a> (1787)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Intercourse_Act" title="Indian Intercourse Act">Nonintercourse Act</a> (1790, 1793, 1796, 1799, 1802, i 1834)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Removal Act</a> (1830)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llei_de_Dawes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llei de Dawes (encara no existeix)">Llei de Dawes</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Llei_de_Curtis_de_1898&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Llei de Curtis de 1898 (encara no existeix)">Llei de Curtis de 1898</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Reorganization_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Reorganization Act (encara no existeix)">Reorganization Act</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Claims_Commission&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Claims Commission (encara no existeix)">Indian Claims Commission Act</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Land_Claims_Settlements&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Land Claims Settlements (encara no existeix)">Indian Land Claims Settlements</a> (1978–2006)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Claims_Limitations_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Claims Limitations Act (encara no existeix)">Indian Claims Limitations Act</a> (1982)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precedents</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_en_la_Cort_de_Marshall&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen en la Cort de Marshall (encara no existeix)">Cort de Marshall</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johnson_v._M%27Intosh&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Johnson v. M&#39;Intosh (encara no existeix)">Johnson v. M'Intosh</a></i> (1823)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cherokee_Nation_v._Georgia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (encara no existeix)">Cherokee Nation v. Georgia</a></i> (1831)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_en_la_Cort_de_Taney&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen en la Cort de Taney (encara no existeix)">Cort de Taney</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellows_v._Blacksmith&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellows v. Blacksmith (encara no existeix)">Fellows v. Blacksmith</a></i> (1857)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_ex_rel._Cutler_v._Dibble&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble (encara no existeix)">New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble</a></i> (1858)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">1890 - 1950</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seneca_Nation_of_Indians_v._Christy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy (encara no existeix)">Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_v._Santa_Fe_Pacific_Railroad_Co.&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States v. Santa Fe Pacific Railroad Co. (encara no existeix)">United States v. Santa Fe Pacific Railroad Co.</a></i> (1941)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Cort Warren</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tee-Hit-Ton_Indians_v._United_States&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tee-Hit-Ton Indians v. United States (encara no existeix)">Tee-Hit-Ton Indians v. United States</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federal_Power_Commission_v._Tuscarora_Indian_Nation&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation (encara no existeix)">Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation</a></i> (1960)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Cort Burger</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oneida_Indian_Nation_of_New_York_v._County_of_Oneida&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida (encara no existeix)">Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilson_v._Omaha_Indian_Tribe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilson v. Omaha Indian Tribe (encara no existeix)">Wilson v. Omaha Indian Tribe</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=County_of_Oneida_v._Oneida_Indian_Nation_of_New_York_State&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State (encara no existeix)">County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Carolina_v._Catawba_Indian_Tribe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe (encara no existeix)">South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe</a></i> (1986)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Cort Rehnquist</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idaho_v._Coeur_d%27Alene_Tribe_of_Idaho&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Idaho v. Coeur d&#39;Alene Tribe of Idaho (encara no existeix)">Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idaho_v._United_States&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Idaho v. United States (encara no existeix)">Idaho v. United States</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=City_of_Sherrill_v._Oneida_Indian_Nation_of_New_York&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York (encara no existeix)">City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Per estat</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native_Claims_Settlement_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_a_Calif%C3%B2rnia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen a Califòrnia (encara no existeix)">Califòrnia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:Indigenous_land_rights_in_Hawaii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Indigenous land rights in Hawaii (encara no existeix)">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deportacions_%C3%ADndies_a_Indiana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deportacions índies a Indiana (encara no existeix)">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_a_Louisiana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen a Louisiana (encara no existeix)">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joint_Tribal_Council_of_the_Passamaquoddy_Tribe_v._Morton&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joint Tribal Council of the Passamaquoddy Tribe v. Morton (encara no existeix)">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:Amerindis_de_Michigan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Amerindis de Michigan (encara no existeix)">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_a_Nou_M%C3%A8xic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen a Nou Mèxic (encara no existeix)">Nou Mexic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen_a_Nova_York&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen a Nova York (encara no existeix)">Nova York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigues_reserves_%C3%ADndies_d%27Oklahoma" title="Antigues reserves índies d&#39;Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reclamaci%C3%B3_de_terres_narragansett&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reclamació de terres narragansett (encara no existeix)">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_v._Elliott&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="State v. Elliott (encara no existeix)">Vermont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparació</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drets_de_terres_ind%C3%ADgenes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Drets de terres indígenes (encara no existeix)">Drets de terres indígenes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_aborigen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol aborigen (encara no existeix)">Títol aborigen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%ADtol_natiu_a_Austr%C3%A0lia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Títol natiu a Austràlia (encara no existeix)">Títol natiu a Austràlia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d&#39;autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n2002-110897">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/7846131-5">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCCN" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN">LCCN</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2002110897">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF">VIAF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/178758884">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐5566db54f9‐sbhrx Cached time: 20241127183301 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.855 seconds Real time usage: 1.058 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 13476/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 116853/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 22678/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 29/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20367/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.441/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3836694/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 3/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 953.423 1 -total 74.85% 713.629 1 Plantilla:Infotaula_esdeveniment 74.36% 708.920 1 Plantilla:Infobox_event 65.08% 620.509 1 Plantilla:Infobox_event/formatglobal 60.07% 572.720 1 Plantilla:InfoboxFrame 13.28% 126.625 24 Plantilla:If_empty 10.92% 104.104 1 Plantilla:Referències 9.91% 94.477 1 Plantilla:Identifiers 7.96% 75.917 74 Plantilla:Identificador 5.57% 53.140 9 Plantilla:Ref-llibre --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key cawiki:pcache:idhash:1212477-0!canonical and timestamp 20241127183301 and revision id 33379360. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&amp;useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;oldid=33379360">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;oldid=33379360</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Lleis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Categoria:Lleis dels Estats Units">Lleis dels Estats Units</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Deportaci%C3%B3_dels_indis_dels_Estats_Units" title="Categoria:Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units">Deportació dels indis dels Estats Units</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:D%C3%A8cada_del_1830" title="Categoria:Dècada del 1830">Dècada del 1830</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:1830" title="Categoria:1830">1830</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categories ocultes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Articles_d%27esdeveniments_que_necessiten_una_imatge" title="Categoria:Articles d&#039;esdeveniments que necessiten una imatge">Articles d'esdeveniments que necessiten una imatge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_etiquetes_de_Wikidata_sense_traducci%C3%B3" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb etiquetes de Wikidata sense traducció">Pàgines amb etiquetes de Wikidata sense traducció</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_enlla%C3%A7_commonscat_des_de_Wikidata" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata">Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Control_d%27autoritats" title="Categoria:Control d&#039;autoritats">Control d'autoritats</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 14 abr 2024 a les 16:07.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. Vegeu les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ca">Condicions d'ús</a>. Wikipedia&#174; (Viquipèdia™) és una <a href="/wiki/Marca_comercial" title="Marca comercial">marca registrada</a> de <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc</a>.<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Política de privadesa</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Quant_a_la_Viquip%C3%A8dia">Quant al projecte Viquipèdia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Av%C3%ADs_d%27exempci%C3%B3_de_responsabilitat">Descàrrec de responsabilitat</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Codi de conducta</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Desenvolupadors</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ca.wikipedia.org">Estadístiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declaració de cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ca.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Removal_Act&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Versió per a mòbils</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-6rq8x","wgBackendResponseTime":172,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.855","walltime":"1.058","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13476,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":116853,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":22678,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":29,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":20367,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":3,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 953.423 1 -total"," 74.85% 713.629 1 Plantilla:Infotaula_esdeveniment"," 74.36% 708.920 1 Plantilla:Infobox_event"," 65.08% 620.509 1 Plantilla:Infobox_event/formatglobal"," 60.07% 572.720 1 Plantilla:InfoboxFrame"," 13.28% 126.625 24 Plantilla:If_empty"," 10.92% 104.104 1 Plantilla:Referències"," 9.91% 94.477 1 Plantilla:Identifiers"," 7.96% 75.917 74 Plantilla:Identificador"," 5.57% 53.140 9 Plantilla:Ref-llibre"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.441","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3836694,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5566db54f9-sbhrx","timestamp":"20241127183301","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Indian Removal Act","url":"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Removal_Act","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q786008","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q786008","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2014-09-30T21:25:24Z","dateModified":"2024-04-14T15:07:48Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/16\/Trails_of_Tears_en.png"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10