CINXE.COM
Becoming a White Antiracist: A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders,
<!doctype html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <!-- Turnstile Clouflare header--> <script src="https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js" async defer></script> <!-- RC10-1523: User Managed Cookies (through understanding by Development and estimation needed) --> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice start for www.routledge.com --> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="e9b64bab-f593-43cd-959a-24379a4d4a40" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script> <!-- OneTrust Cookies Consent Notice end for www.routledge.com --> <!-- GSD-3467 : LCP: Preconnect Third-Party Scripts --> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://secure.ride8stir.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.googleadservices.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://cdn-cs.conductor.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.googleads.g.doubleclick.net/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://static.ads-twitter.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://amplify.outbrai.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://connect.facebook.net/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://snap.licdn.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://dc.ads.linkedin.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://kit-free.fontawesome.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://secure.ride8stir.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googleadservices.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn-cs.conductor.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googleads.g.doubleclick.net/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://amplify.outbrai.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://px.ads.linkedin.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://connect.facebook.net/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://snap.licdn.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://dc.ads.linkedin.com/" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://kit-free.fontawesome.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <script> dataLayer = []; var gtm_id = 'GTM-KW3LJ3D'; </script> <!-- GSD-979 : Google Tag Manager Implementation --> <!-- GSD-1830 : Content Square - GTM - Implement Data Layer --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer',gtm_id);</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- BAU-5060 : Allow GA to be loaded on Order Complete page to be used for purchase event --> <!-- BAU-10364 added the script tag to get the country code which needs to be passed to the datalayer --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; dataLayer.push({ 'countryCode': "US", 'countryCodebasedOnIP': "US" }); </script> <!-- BAU-6005 : Google Tag Manager Script in wrong location --> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="WEbYPt5KipdKE58rhrkg6tHoXzteac8Rio6a6z1EDek" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"417731731",accountID:"438030",trustKey:"438030",xpid:"UAUPUVVTGwcBUVVXBQYDUA==",licenseKey:"97f8f67f26",applicationID:"415452746"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-full-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>d});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function d(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>p,xN:()=>g});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",u=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,u());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},d={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},u={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!u[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return u[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");u[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,d),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(u[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(u[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=u[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>f,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>l,m:()=>c,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),f=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>d});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function d(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function u(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)g(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function g(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>d});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),d=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},u={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:g,addEventListener:g,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(d.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=p(e),u=c.length,l=0;l<u;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var g=v()[s[e]];g&&g.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:p,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function g(e,t){n[e]=p(e).concat(t)}function p(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return u[t]=u[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),u=(0,n.Zm)();u.ee||(u.ee=d)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>d});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function d(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>d,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},d={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>u,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>d,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function d(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function u(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,d="addEventListener",u="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[d,u],"-",g)}function g(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,d);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],d=e[c];u(d)||(e[c]=r(d,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return u(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){d([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,u,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],u="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){d([t,"",[o,a,s],u],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],u,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],u,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],u,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){d([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function d(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function u(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>d});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function d(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>u,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>d,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},d={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},u=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>d,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function d(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>d,Rz:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,d="fn"+s,u="pushState",l=1e3},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),d=r(5289),u=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),g=r(6344);const p=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",g.G4.RECORD,g.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),R=r(3785),x=r(2646),w=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,w.YM)(i),a=new x.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();p.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),_=r(5603),O=r(5284);const N=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function P(e,t={},p,x){let{init:w,info:P,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=p;const H=(0,h.pV)();P||(w=H.init,P=H.info,j=H.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,w||{}),(0,_.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),P.jsAttributes??={},u.bv&&(P.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,P);const D=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),L=[P.beacon,P.errorBeacon];I||(D.proxy.assets&&(N(D.proxy.assets),L.push(D.proxy.assets)),D.proxy.beacon&&L.push(D.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===D.soft_navigations.enabled&&D.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...D.ajax.deny_list||[],...D.ajax.block_internal?L:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const p={};var x=s.ee.get(e),w=x.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,x.on(g.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function _(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}p.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,R.R)(x,e,t,r)},p.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),T(x,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{p[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),p.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},p.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return _(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},p.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return _("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},p.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return _("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},p.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),x.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},p[g.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(g.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},p[g.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(g.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},p.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const N=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,x),function(){if(w.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw w.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{w.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,x),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(891).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),x.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{N[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),p.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),p.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,x)},u.RI?(0,d.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),p}(e.agentIdentifier,x,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({95:"nr-full-compressor",222:"nr-full-recorder",891:"nr-full"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var d=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),u=0;u<d.length;u++){var l=d[u];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={891:"sha512-Sx2xJQrHp2m/Ngn/ZcfBCUwNr2Xy/C5urYtWpfm3bWpil4spXOQGTtNwIfF5HvPGioGASn9QTyE4Z+zC7r7wcg==",222:"sha512-hMte3OWgwwYeisSiD7WCIx/6tT16zLaPjag9uF4tIZp7ybOvrJKbeyzhe4fz1tDbkdcdOMm8dvgPPLBatSAGeA==",95:"sha512-MPaT9dkHv16XzwEUVZPyqpN1do/Er1XFAZoIAPYWylmv+iGIThqN+GwQq27pUyAX7sNXVJQVZezH96p53Ks3Pg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(g);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},g=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={959:0,85:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,d=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);d<a.length;d++)o=a[d],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function d(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var u=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),g=i(6154),p=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};g.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,p.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class R extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var x=i(384);var w=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class _ extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),g.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,w.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,w.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class N extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return D(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(D(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function H(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return D(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function D(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class L extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),g.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),g.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[H(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var K=i(8990);let M=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===g.gm?0:(0,K.I)(e,U,(function(){return M++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=g.gm.MutationObserver,s=g.gm.Promise,c=g.gm.setInterval,d="readystatechange",u=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(d,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,u,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(p?p.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var p=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===d||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",Q=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],J=g.gm.Request,ee=g.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(J&&ee&&g.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,Q.forEach((e=>{r(J[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(g.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),d={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(d.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),d.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(d.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),d}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof g.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),de=["load","error","abort","timeout"],ue=de.length,le=(0,x.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,x.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,w.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};g.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};ge(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=x,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),g.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},ge(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<ue;s++)r.addEventListener(de[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function d(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function u(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function p(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&g.RI&&(t=""+g.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:g.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:g.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),ge(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function R(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function x(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<ue;t++)e.removeEventListener(de[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,w.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",d),t.on("xhr-load-added",u),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",p),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",R)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function ge(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const pe={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!g.RI||pe[t.debugId]++||(pe[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:Re,d3:xe,Kp:we,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class _e extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,w.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+we,(function(e){(0,w.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,w.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:Re,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class Ne extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,p.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,w.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,p.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#d=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#d){this.#d=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(891),i.e(222)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3333);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ie.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];g.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(Ie.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),Ie.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var je=i(993),Ce=i(3785);class ke extends b{static featureName=je.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,je.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,Ce.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),g.gm?(this.features={},(0,x.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,u.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=d(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,x.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,_,_e,Ne,he,N,L,Pe,ke],loaderType:"pro"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- GSD-6549 : added Image Tag to Meta Robots for Greater Image Visibility --> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> <!-- BAU-10287: If metacontent is set then use robots tag --> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow"> <meta name="description" content="As this book was being written, the United States exploded in outrage against the murder by police of people of color across the country. Corporations, branches" /> <title>Becoming a White Antiracist: A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders,</title> <!-- GSD-4657 Implementation-Eliminate Render Blocking Resources --> <link rel="preload" href="/js/202702.js" as="script" fetchpriority="low"> <link rel="preload" href="/js/vendor/modernizr.js?ver=1732167242" as="script" fetchpriority="low"> <link rel="preload" href="/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" as="script" fetchpriority="high"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" fetchpriority="high"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://secure.ride8stir.com" fetchpriority="low"> <!-- GSD-2297 : Webeo Tracking --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/202702.js" ></script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.routledge.com/Becoming-a-White-Antiracist-A-Practical-Guide-for-Educators-Leaders-and-Activists/Brookfield-Hess/p/book/9781620368596" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" /> <!-- GSD-2621: Eliminate-render-blocking-resources --> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="/css/vendor.css" as="style"> <!-- Style sheets --> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="/css/bootstrap.min.css" as="style" onload="this.media='all';this.onload=null;" fetchpriority="high"> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="/rsc/css/ubw.css?ver=1732571928" as="style" fetchpriority="high"> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="/rsc/css/product-new.css?ver=1732571928" as="style" fetchpriority="high"> <!-- GSD-4799 added the css for embedded videos --> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="/css/placeholder-loading.min.css" as="style" fetchpriority="high"> <!-- Google web fonts --> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Droid+Serif:400&display=swap" as="style" fetchpriority="high"> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Open+Sans:wght@300;400;600;700;800&display=swap" as="style" fetchpriority="high"> <meta name="Keyword" content="ereader" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="129720800446840" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Routledge & CRC Press" /> <meta property="og:type" content="books.book" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.routledge.com/Becoming-a-White-Antiracist-A-Practical-Guide-for-Educators-Leaders-and-Activists/Brookfield-Hess/p/book/9781620368596" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978162036/9781620368596.jpg" /> <meta property="og:description" content="As this book was being written, the United States exploded in outrage against the murder by police of people of color across the country. Corporations, branches of state and local government, and educational institutions all pledged to work for racial justice and the Black Lives Matters movement moved into the mainstream as people from multiple racial and class identities pledged their support to its message. Diversity initiatives abounded, mission statements everywhere were changed to incorpora" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Becoming a White Antiracist: A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders, and Activists" /> <meta property="product:brand" content="Routledge" /> <!-- GSD-2539-Product Pages - FB Microdata changes --> <meta name="product_availability" property="product:availability" content="" /> <meta property="product:condition" content="new" /> <meta name="price" property="product:price:amount" content="" /> <meta property="product:price:currency" content="USD" /> <meta property="product:retailer_item_id" content="9781620368596" /> <meta property="books:release_date" content="53286-08-03" /> <meta property="books:isbn" content="9781620368596" /> <!-- GSD-6549 : added Image Tag to Meta Robots for Greater Image Visibility --> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large"> <!--GSD-2323 Product Page Schema Update--> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "book", "name": "Becoming a White Antiracist", "alternativeHeadline": "A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders, and Activists", "bookEdition": "1", "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "familyName": "Stephen D.", "givenName": "Brookfield", "name": "Stephen D. Brookfield" }, { "@type": "Person", "familyName": "Mary E.", "givenName": "Hess", "name": "Mary E. Hess" } ], "copyrightYear": "2021", "inLanguage": "English", "publisher": "Routledge", "isbn": "9781620368596", "datePublished": "25-04-2021", "bookFormat": "http://schema.org/Paperback", "image": "https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978162036/9781620368596.jpg", "url": "https://www.routledge.com/Becoming-a-White-Antiracist-A-Practical-Guide-for-Educators-Leaders-and-Activists/Brookfield-Hess/p/book/9781620368596", "numberOfPages": "252" } </script> <!--GSD-2827 Preload Largest contentful paint image--> <link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978162036/9781620368596.jpg"> <script type="text/javascript" > var userregion = "US"; var usercurrencyname = "USD"; var ga_account_consol = ''; var fa_url=''; fa_url='https://authors.taylorandfrancis.com/'; var page=''; page='product-new'; var gaIsbn = '9781620368596'; <!-- GSD-2303 : Send all ISBNS to validate --> var ubxisbns = ['9781000974577','9781000979817','9781620368596','1620368595','9781620368589','1620368587','9781003443186','1003443184']; var defaultBinding = ''; defaultBinding = 'PAPE'; <!-- GSD-2767 : Send COMPSITE to display in support materials section --> var compsite = ''; <!-- GSD-3077 : Pull Fully Open Access Title data from GT Classifications table and remove Full Open Access option from EE --> var openAccess = ''; <!-- RC10-26: Defining js variables in header that are to be used in product page ajax calls --> var productIsbn = '9781620368596'; var productIsbn10 = '1620368595'; var productIds = ['1106094','1106892','1106936']; var productIsbn10Array = '{"9781620368596":{"isbn10":"1620368595","bindingType":"PAPE"},"9781620368589":{"isbn10":"1620368587","bindingType":"HARD"},"9781003443186":{"isbn10":"1003443184","bindingType":"EBK"}}'; var pubDate = '25-04-2021'; var imprint = 'Routledge'; var imprintCode = 'IMPR'; var productName = 'Becoming a White Antiracist'; var productImage = 'https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978162036/9781620368596.jpg' var canonical = 'https://www.routledge.com/Becoming-a-White-Antiracist-A-Practical-Guide-for-Educators-Leaders-and-Activists/Brookfield-Hess/p/book/9781620368596'; var description = 'As this book was being written, the United States exploded in outrage against the murder by police of people of color across the country. Corporations, branches of state and local government, and educational institutions all pledged to work for racial justice and the Black Lives Matters movement moved into the mainstream as people from multiple racial and class identities pledged their support to its message. Diversity initiatives abounded, mission statements everywhere were changed to incorporate references to racial justice, and the rampant anti-blackness endemic to US culture was brought strikingly to the surface. Everywhere, it seemed, white people were looking to learn about race. “What do we do?” “How can we help?” These were the cries the authors heard most frequently from those whites whose consciousness of racism was being raised.This book is their answer to those cries. It’s grounded in the idea that white people need to start with themselves, with understanding tha'; var inspectionCopyIsbn = '9781003443186'; var showInspectionCopyLink = ''; showInspectionCopyLink = '1'; var inspectionCopyType = 'EBK'; var vitalSourceIsbn = '9781003443186'; <!-- GSD-3012 : Send division in support material section --> var division = 'EDUSTY'; <!-- GSD 7015 defining cloudflare URL --> var cloudflare_image_worker_url = 'https://productimages.routledge.com/'; var loaderImage = '/images/ajax-spinner.gif'; var productDefaultImage = '/img/covers/image-not-available.png'; var productDefaultImageSmall = '/img/covers/default.jpeg'; var loadingImageSmall = '/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png'; </script> <script src="/js/vendor/modernizr.js?ver=1732167242"></script> <!-- GSD-2741 use vendor js file as asynch/defer --> <!-- GSD-7538 for content_pages and go we are not loading JS --> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.min.js" fetchpriority="high"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/select2@3.5.1/select2.min.js" defer></script> <!-- GSD-5182: Using separate library for readmore.js --> <script src="/js/readmore.min.js" defer></script> <!-- GSD-4315: Using latest Bootstrap library --> <script src="/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <!-- Font Awesome plus script for FA5 kit --> <!-- GSD-2621: Eliminate-render-blocking-resources --> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="https://kit-free.fontawesome.com/releases/latest/css/free-v4-shims.min.css" as="style" media="print" onload="this.media='all';this.onload=null;"> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="https://kit-free.fontawesome.com/releases/latest/css/free-v4-font-face.min.css" as="style" media="print" onload="this.media='all';this.onload=null;"> <link rel="preload stylesheet" href="https://kit-free.fontawesome.com/releases/latest/css/free.min.css" as="style" media="print" onload="this.media='all';this.onload=null;"> <!-- GSD-2619: Reduce JavaScript Execution Time (contentsquare js)--> <script src="/js/contentsquare/2b08024120432.js" defer></script> <!-- BAU-9494: Routledge.com (The Routledge ecommerce site): Urgent--> <script src="https://cdn.optimizely.com/js/19960974376.js" defer></script> <!-- GSD-4028: Investigate Background Images that are Contributing to Poor LCP--> <!-- Preload banner image --> <!-- GSD-4474: Preload all banner images --> <!-- GSD-4474: Preload all blog post images --> <!-- GSD-4474: Preload go page banner image --> <!-- GSD-4733: Preload Subject Category Landing Page background image --> <!-- GSD-4474: Preload footer logo --> <link rel="preload image" href="/images/routledge-logo-lg.png" as="image"> </head> <body id="up" class="product"> <!-- BAU-6005: Always keep GTM script just after the <body> tag --> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-KW3LJ3D" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <!-- BAU-4614 : Send product page view data to datalayer --> <script type="text/javascript"> dataLayer.push({ 'productId': "9781620368596", 'productName': 'Becoming a White Antiracist', 'content_type': "product" }); </script> <noscript><img alt="" src="https://secure.ride8stir.com/202702.png" style="display:none" /></noscript> <!-- GSD-2969:Load sale button & sale banner with page load instead of loading through ajax--> <header id="top" class="site"> <a title="Skip to main content of page" class="skip" href="#content">Skip to main content</a> <div class="text-center website_alert"> <div class="ship py-2"><i class="fas fa-shipping-fast me-1"></i> <a href="/policies/shipping-policy">Free standard shipping on all orders</a></div> </div> <div class="container mt-0 mt-sm-2"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-3 d-lg-none bars"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Toggle Menu" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <i class="fas fa-bars fa-2x"></i> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-lg-3 order-1 py-3 text-center rlogo"> <!-- GSD-3901:Change alt text to Routledge Home--> <a title="Links to Routledge Home Page" href="/"><img class="img-fluid m-0" width="214" height="60" src="/images/routledge-logo.png" alt="Routledge Home" /></a> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-3 order-lg-3 srch"> <form id="basicSrchFrm" class="position-relative" action="/search" method="GET" role="search"> <div class="input-group"> <input type="hidden" id="inputGroupSelect01" value="1"> <label for="basicSrchKwInHeader" class="hidden" id="searchInput">Search</label> <!--GSD-5961: Accessibility enhancements to basic search autocomplete --> <!--GSD-6622: Basic Search - Accessibility Issue --> <input type="text" name="kw" id="basicSrchKwInHeader" autocomplete="OFF" maxlength="125" class="form-control sch" placeholder="Search by keywords, subject, or ISBN" aria-labelledby="searchInput" aria-describedby="instructions" aria-owns="results" aria-expanded="false" aria-autocomplete="both" aria-activedescendant=""> <button type="submit" aria-label="Search" class="btn search-btn"> <i title="Search Button" class="fas fa-search fa-2x"></i> </button> </div> <section id="searchautocomplete" class="w-100 ms-0" style="display: none;"></section> <div style="display:none" id="instructions">To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords.</div> </form> </div> <div class="col-3 order-2 order-lg-3 utilitynav"> <div class="container p-0 p-md-3"> <div class="row" id="headerlogos"> <ul class="faw-icons skeleton-loading" id="desktopNavigationMenu"> <p class="nav-icons"></p> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Begin Navigation Bar --> <style> header.site .dropdown-menu.show{left:0; top:100%;} </style> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg text-center" role="navigation"> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse navbarSupportedContent" id="navbarSupportedContent"> <ul class="navbar-nav mx-auto sale_alert" id="mobileNavigationMenu"> <!-- GSD-3902: Include mega menu here --> <!--GSD-3724 : AND Digital - Shop by Subject Mega Menu Design --> <li class="nav-item dropdown shop-by-subject"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="megamenu" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Shop By Subject </a> <div class="dropdown-menu mmenu-parent" aria-labelledby="megamenu"> <div class="container no-left-right"> <div class="mmenu"> <div class="row justify-content-end AppendMenuItems"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle dropdownlist" href="javascript:void();" id="navbarDropdown2" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> New & Bestselling </a> <div class="dropdown-menu drop-down-bar" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown2"> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle dropdownlist" href="javascript:void();" id="navbarDropdown3" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Instructors & Students </a> <div class="dropdown-menu drop-down-bar" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown3"> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link" href="/professionals" id="navbarDropdownd4"> Professional Practice </a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle dropdownlist" href="javascript:void();" id="navbarDropdown5" role="button" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publish With Us </a> <div class="dropdown-menu drop-down-bar" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown5"> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link" href="/sale" id="navbarDropdownd6"> <span class="sales">Sale & Offers</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <!-- End Navigation Bar --> </div> <!-- Styles will prevent this promotion from appearing on the home page. Would be even better if we didn't load this code on home page--> <!-- GSD-1002 : Show Latest Sale banner except homepage --> <!-- GSD-2969:Load sale button & sale banner with page load instead of loading through ajax--> <!-- GSD-3167 : Sale Event Page - Don't show the persistent banner --> <section class="promotion sale_banner"></section> </header> <main id="content" role="main" class="product"> <input type='hidden' name='productIsbn' id='productIsbn' value='9781620368596'> <section id="productBody"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <main id="content" role="main" class="col-12 col-xl-10 mx-xl-auto mt-3 mb-4"> <section class="row productBodySection" id="productBody"> <div class="col-md-4 col-lg-3 left-col text-center"> <div class="sidebar-item"> <div class="make-me-sticky"> <!-- GSD-4312- Add some data layer variable on Product Page --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; var titleId; //initialize title Id var textType; //initialize text Type var rentalAvailabilty; //initialize rental Availabilty var publishingGroup; //initialize publishing Group var subjectCode; //initialize subject Code var actualPublicationDate; //initialize actualPublicationDate <!-- GSD-4417 : Datalayer Variable Addition --> var pricePoint; //initialize price </script> <!-- GSD-4312- Add some data layer variable on Product Page --> <input type="hidden" name="productType" id="productType" value="PAPE" > <script type="text/javascript"> dataLayer.push({ 'textType': "Paperback", 'titleId': "469680", 'rentalAvailabilty': "no", 'publishingGroup': "Behavioural Science & Education", 'subjectCode': "SCED03", 'actualPublicationDate': "", }); <!-- BAU-13651 : Sending custom vars to content square --> window._uxa = window._uxa || []; window._uxa.push(['setCustomVariable', '1', 'text_type', "Paperback"]); window._uxa.push(['setCustomVariable', '2', 'rental_availability', "no"]); window._uxa.push(['setCustomVariable', '3', 'publishing_group', "Behavioural Science & Education"]); window._uxa.push(['setCustomVariable', '4', 'subject_code', "SCED03"]); window._uxa.push(['setCustomVariable', '5', 'actual_pub_date', ""]); </script> <button class="datalayer_PAPE d-none" onclick="setDataLayerVariables('Paperback','469680','Behavioural Science & Education','SCED03','no','');" type="button" role="tab"></button> <!-- GSD-6588 Sale Button block--> <div class="saleButton saleButton_9781620368596 skeleton-loading"><p class="medium-size max-width-180"></p></div> <!-- GSD-6588 Image block --> <figure class="m-0 text-center"> <div class="productimg ofPAPE text-center" style=""> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="book-preview-anchorPAPE" title="Enlarge book cover" style="cursor: auto;"> <img data-cover="9781620368596" class="img-fluid loading lazyload prev-image-btn prev-image-btnPAPE load cloudflare-product-img product-cover-img-9781620368596" data-src="https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978162036/9781620368596.jpg" src="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-amazon-src-PAPE="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-binding="PAPE" data-image-default-PAPE="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" fetchpriority="high" onerror="loadProductImagefromCloudflareWorker(9781620368596, 'crclarge','9781620368589,9781003443186')" alt="Becoming a White Antiracist: A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders, and Activists book cover" /> </a> </div> </figure> <!-- GSD-4312- Add some data layer variable on Product Page --> <button class="datalayer_HARD d-none" onclick="setDataLayerVariables('Hardback','469680','Behavioural Science & Education','SCED03','no','');" type="button" role="tab"></button> <!-- GSD-6588 Sale Button block--> <div class="saleButton saleButton_9781620368589 d-none skeleton-loading"><p class="medium-size max-width-180"></p></div> <!-- GSD-6588 Image block --> <figure class="m-0 text-center"> <div class="productimg ofHARD text-center" style="display: none"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="book-preview-anchorHARD" title="Enlarge book cover" style="cursor: auto;"> <img data-cover="9781620368589" class="img-fluid loading lazyload prev-image-btn prev-image-btnHARD load cloudflare-product-img product-cover-img-9781620368589" data-src="https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978162036/9781620368589.jpg" src="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-amazon-src-HARD="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-binding="HARD" data-image-default-HARD="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" fetchpriority="high" onerror="loadProductImagefromCloudflareWorker(9781620368589, 'crclarge','9781620368596,9781003443186')" alt="Becoming a White Antiracist: A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders, and Activists book cover" /> </a> </div> </figure> <!-- GSD-4312- Add some data layer variable on Product Page --> <button class="datalayer_EBK d-none" onclick="setDataLayerVariables('e-Book','469680','Behavioural Science & Education','SCED03','no','');" type="button" role="tab"></button> <!-- GSD-6588 Sale Button block--> <div class="saleButton saleButton_9781003443186 d-none skeleton-loading"><p class="medium-size max-width-180"></p></div> <!-- GSD-6588 Image block --> <figure class="m-0 text-center"> <div class="productimg ofEBK text-center" style="display: none"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="book-preview-anchorEBK" title="Enlarge book cover" style="cursor: auto;"> <img data-cover="9781003443186" class="img-fluid loading lazyload prev-image-btn prev-image-btnEBK load cloudflare-product-img product-cover-img-9781003443186" data-src="https://images.routledge.com/common/jackets/crclarge/978100344/9781003443186.jpg" src="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-amazon-src-EBK="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-binding="EBK" data-image-default-EBK="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" fetchpriority="high" onerror="loadProductImagefromCloudflareWorker(9781003443186, 'crclarge','9781620368596,9781620368589')" alt="Becoming a White Antiracist: A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders, and Activists book cover" /> </a> </div> </figure> <!-- Pre-Order Block --> <div class="pre_order"></div> <div class="preview mx-auto mt-2"> <div id="book2lookID" class="d-none"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" target="_blank" id='book2lookLink' class="btn btn-light preview-btn d-block d-md-inline-block preview-title-btn" style="display:none" data-mode ="1"> <i class="fas fa-eye me-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span id="previewButton"> Preview Book</span> </a> </div> <div id="googlePreviewButton" style="display: none;"> <a href="#googlePreviewContainer" data-bs-toggle="collapse" class="btn btn-light preview-btn d-block d-md-inline-block preview-title-btn" data-bs-target="#googlePreviewContainer" data-mode="1"> <i class="fas fa-eye me-2" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span>Preview Book</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-8 col-lg-9 center-col ps-xl-0"> <div class="row"> <div class="anchor-links mx-0 mb-3 d-none d-lg-flex" role="navigation"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="col btn btn-group scrollToTab" data-tabid="flush-headingThree" style="border-radius:5px 0 0 5px"><i class="fas fa-list-ul d-sm-block pe-1"></i> Table of Contents</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="col btn btn-group scrollToTab" data-tabid="flush-headingTwo" style="border-radius:0"><i class="fas fa-book d-sm-block pe-1"></i> Book Description</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="col btn btn-group scrollToTab" data-tabid="flush-headingFive" style="border-radius:0"><i class="far fa-file-alt d-sm-block pe-1"></i>Critics' Reviews</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="col btn btn-group scrollToTab flush-headingSix instructor-resources" data-tabid="flush-headingSix" style="border-radius:0 5px 5px 0;display: none;"><i class="fa fa-user-o d-sm-block pe-1"></i> Instructor Resources</a> </div> <div class="product-info"> <p class="m-0 mt-3 mt-md-0 small">1st Edition</p> <h1>Becoming a White Antiracist <span>A Practical Guide for Educators, Leaders, and Activists</span> </h1> <div class="data"> By <a title="Search for more titles by Stephen D. Brookfield" href="/search?author=Stephen D. Brookfield">Stephen D. Brookfield</a>, <a title="Search for more titles by Mary E. Hess" href="/search?author=Mary E. Hess">Mary E. Hess</a> <span class="d-block mt-1">Copyright 2021</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="purchase-alert ProdPagePurchaseAlerts" > <ul class="fa-ul"></ul> </div> <ul class="nav nav-tabs d-none d-lg-flex versionButtons" id="myTab" role="tablist"> <div class="skeleton-loading mr-2 w-115"> <div class="large-size btn"></div> </div> <div class="skeleton-loading mr-2 w-115"> <div class="large-size btn"></div> </div> <div class="skeleton-loading mr-2 w-115"> <div class="large-size btn"></div> </div> </ul> <div class="tab-content" id="myTabContent"> <div class="tab-pane PAPE fade show active" id="paperback" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pb-tab"> <div class="row skeleton-loading"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-2 order-lg-1 shipping pt-2"> <div id="PAPE" class="bookData" data-isbn="9781620368596" data-prodid="1106094" > <div class="isbn_details isbn_details_9781620368596 "><div class="small-size"></div></div> <div> 252 Pages </div> <div> <span class="publication_date publication_date_9781620368596 "><div class="small-size"></div></span> by Routledge </div> </div> <div class="ricLinks ricLinks_9781620368596"></div> <div class="shipping_details skeleton-loading"><hr><p class="large-size"></p></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-1 order-lg-2 productPrices" > <div class="skeleton-loading"> <div class="medium-size"></div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="row mt-2"> <div class="col-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane HARD fade " id="hardback" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="hb-tab"> <div class="row skeleton-loading"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-2 order-lg-1 shipping pt-2"> <div id="HARD" class="bookData" data-isbn="9781620368589" data-prodid="1106892" > <div class="isbn_details isbn_details_9781620368589 d-none "><div class="small-size"></div></div> <div> 252 Pages </div> <div> <span class="publication_date publication_date_9781620368589 d-none"><div class="small-size"></div></span> by Routledge </div> </div> <div class="ricLinks ricLinks_9781620368589"></div> <div class="shipping_details skeleton-loading"><hr><p class="large-size"></p></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-1 order-lg-2 productPrices" > <div class="skeleton-loading"> <div class="medium-size"></div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="row mt-2"> <div class="col-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane EBK fade " id="ebook" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="eb-tab"> <div class="row skeleton-loading"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-2 order-lg-1 shipping pt-2"> <div id="EBK" class="bookData" data-isbn="9781003443186" data-prodid="1106936" > <div class="isbn_details isbn_details_9781003443186 d-none "><div class="small-size"></div></div> <div> 252 Pages </div> <div> <span class="publication_date publication_date_9781003443186 d-none"><div class="small-size"></div></span> by Routledge </div> </div> <div class="ricLinks ricLinks_9781003443186"></div> <hr class="my-4" /> <div class="mb-3 d-none d-md-block"> <img src="/images/vs.png" alt="VitalSource Logo" width="100" height="22" class=" align-text-bottom" /> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="vsModal" >Learn about VitalSource eBooks <span class="sr-only">Opens popup</span></a> </div> <div class="kindle"> <strong>Also available as eBook on:</strong> <ul class="ps-4"> <li class="amazon_link skeleton-loading"><p class="small-size"></p></li> <li class="validforubx1" id="validForUbxPAPE"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781620368596" title="Opens Taylor & Francis eBooks in a new window"> Taylor & Francis eBooks <br /> <span class="small">(Institutional Purchase)</span><span class="sr-only">Opens in new tab or window</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 order-1 order-lg-2 productPrices" > <div class="skeleton-loading"> <div class="medium-size"></div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12"> <div class="row mt-2"> <div class="col-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-6"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-3 col-sm-3"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-12 mt-2"> <div class="medium-size"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12"> <div class="accordion accordion-flush" id="accordionFlushExample"> <div class="sticky-div book-materials"> <!-- Using this div to show the sticky add to cart button --> <!-- Description --> <div class="accordion-item" id="acc-description"> <button class="accordion-button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#flush-collapseTwo" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="flush-collapseTwo"> <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingTwo">Description</h2> </button> <div id="flush-collapseTwo" class="accordion-collapse collapse show" aria-labelledby="flush-headingTwo"> <div class="accordion-body description"> <p> <p>As this book was being written, the United States exploded in outrage against the murder by police of people of color across the country. Corporations, branches of state and local government, and educational institutions all pledged to work for racial justice and the Black Lives Matters movement moved into the mainstream as people from multiple racial and class identities pledged their support to its message. Diversity initiatives abounded, mission statements everywhere were changed to incorporate references to racial justice, and the rampant anti-blackness endemic to US culture was brought strikingly to the surface. Everywhere, it seemed, white people were looking to learn about race. “What do we do?” “How can we help?” These were the cries the authors heard most frequently from those whites whose consciousness of racism was being raised.This book is their answer to those cries. It’s grounded in the idea that white people need to start with themselves, with understanding that they have a white racial identity. Once you’ve learned about what it means to be white in a white supremacist world, the answer of "what can I do" becomes clear. Sometimes you work in multiracial alliances, but more often you work with white colleagues and friends. In this book the authors explore what it means for whites to move from becoming aware of the extent of their unwitting collusion in racism, towards developing a committed antiracist white identity. They create a road map, or series of paths, that people can consider traveling as they work to develop a positive white identity centered around enacting antiracism.The book will be useful to anyone trying to create conversations around race, teach about white supremacy, arrange staff and development workshops on racism, and help colleagues explore how to create an antiracist culture or environment. This work happens in schools, colleges and universities, and we suspect many readers will be located in K-12 and higher education. But helping people develop an antiracist identity is a project that occurs in corporations, congregations, community groups, health care, state and local government, arts organizations, and the military as well. Essentially, if you have an interest in helping the whites you interact with become antiracist, then this book is written very specifically for you.Watch our BWAR YouTube playlist, where authors Stephen Brookfield and Mary Hess chat about some common themes from the book.</p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Table of content --> <div class="accordion-item" id="acc-content"> <button class="accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#flush-collapseThree" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="flush-collapseThree"> <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingThree">Table of Contents</h2> </button> <div id="flush-collapseThree" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="flush-headingThree"> <div class="accordion-body"> <p>Foreword Preface Intoduction. Our Racial Stories 1. Why We Need White Antiracism 2. What is a White Antiracist Identity? 3. What it Means to be White 4. Helping People Become Aware of Their Whiteness 5. Using Stories to Uncover Racism 6. Embracing the Discomfort of Race Talk 7. Running ‘Real’ Discussions Around Race 8. Getting People to Think Structurally about Race 9. Using Your Power to Empower White Antiracism 10. Sharing the Powerful History of Antiracist Work 11. Responding to Resistance Against Antiracist Efforts 12. Being an Antiracist White Ally References About the Authors Index</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Authors --> <div class="accordion-item" id="acc-authors" > <button class="accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#flush-collapseFour" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="flush-collapseFour"> <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingFour">Author(s)</h2> </button> <div id="flush-collapseFour" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="flush-headingFour"> <div class="accordion-body"> <h3>Biography</h3> <p> <p>Stephen D. Brookfield is Distinguished Scholar at Antioch University, Adjunct Professor at Teachers College, Columbia University, and Professor Emeritus at the University of St. Thomas (St. Paul, Minnesota). He has written, co-written or edited nineteen books on adult learning, teaching, critical thinking, discussion methods, critical theory, leadership, and teaching race, six of which have won the Houle World Award for Literature in Adult Education. His academic appointments have included positions at the University of British Columbia, Teachers College Columbia University (New York), Harvard University and the University of St. Thomas in Minneapolis-St. Paul.</p><p>Mary E. Hess is Professor of Educational Leadership at Luther Seminary, where she has taught since 2000. During the 2016-2017 year she held the Patrick and Barbara Keenan Visiting Chair in Religious Education at the University of St. Michael’s College in the University of Toronto. She is affiliated faculty at the School of Theology and Ministry at Seattle University, as well as at the San Francisco Theological Seminary/Graduate School of Theology in the University of Redlands. Hess has degrees from Yale, Harvard and Boston College, and is a past president of the Religious Education Association. She is a consultant with the Wabash Center on Teaching and Learning in Theology and Religious Studies, is a member of the Faculty Development Committee of the Association of Theological Schools, and serves on the editorial boards of several journals.</p> </p> <div class="featured-authors-area" style="display: none;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Critics Review --> <div class="accordion-item" id="acc-awards"> <button class="accordion-button collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#flush-collapseFive" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="flush-collapseFive"> <h2 class="accordion-header" id="flush-headingFive">Critics' Reviews</h2> </button> <div id="flush-collapseFive" class="accordion-collapse collapse" aria-labelledby="flush-headingFive"> <div class="accordion-body"> <blockquote class="blockquote"> <p>“This is a book born out of passion, learning, and reflection. The many insights Brookfield and Hess offer their readers originate from their own attentiveness to sociocultural realities, their substantial knowledge of work countering racism, and their wide experience in collaborating with educators to foster just educational processes. I highly recommend Becoming a White Antiracist as a book to be read and put into practice.”</p><p></p><p></p><p>"Written with empathy and deep knowledge of adult learning theory, Brookfield and Hess expertly demystify critical race theory and offer a highly accessible step-by-step guide for those who seek to foster discussion and create curricula related to systemic racism. As a woman of color, I found their frameworks highly useful to my teaching about antiracism within a predominantly white institution."</p><p>Hetty Cunningham</p><p>Associate Vice Chair for Education and the Learning Environment, Department of Pediatrics, and Director for Equity and Justice in Curricular Affairs, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University</p><p></p><p></p><p>“Becoming a White Antiracist is a long-essential and timely contribution to antiracist scholarship and practice. This book is the next best thing to Stephen Brookfield's informed and effective facilitation of conversations designed to develop racial literacy in predominantly white spaces. Becoming a White Antiracist is an important invitation and resource, especially for people committed to discovering their white racial identity towards becoming an authentic and active agent for inclusive change.”</p><p></p><p>Nicole Brittingham Furlonge</p><p>Professor of Practice and Director, Klingenstein Center, Teachers College, Columbia University</p><p></p><p></p><p>“Hess and Brookfield strike a delightfully unapologetic tone in Becoming a White Antiracist, calling white people to task for perpetuating anti-Black racist behaviors and attitudes. Through honest and raw engagement with challenging issues, the authors provide an accessible guide to developing a white antiracist identity, reminding readers of its foundational importance for effective diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives. Becoming a White Antiracist is a must-read for educators and leaders desiring to become agents for positive change in our contemporary society rife with racialized turmoil.”</p><p></p><p>Lisa R. Merriweather</p><p>Associate Professor of Adult Education, University of North Carolina – Charlotte, and Cofounder & Senior Editor, Dialogues in Social Justice: An Adult Education Journal</p><p></p><p>“Brookfield and Hess offer a range of strategies and methods for liberating white imaginations from the debilitating and life draining legacies of white supremacy and racism in America. Through storytelling and truth-sharing dialogical methods, they provide readers with roadmaps by which individuals and groups might begin to dismantle structural racism in the United States. The book provides white readers with tools and tactics that can aid them in their efforts to engage systemic racism and dismantle white supremacy.”</p><p>Paul O. Myhre</p><p>Senior Associate Director, Wabash Center for Teaching and Learning in Theology and Religion</p><p></p><p>"As a white antiracist educator, this book was exactly the resource that I needed to sharpen my craft. Brookfield and Hess honor the rigor this important topic deserves, while also creating an accessible entry point for readers at varying levels of development. This is just the right book for just the right time."</p><p>David Scherer</p><p>Artist and Educator With JUSTmove Consulting</p><p></p><p></p><p>"As expert teachers of teachers, Hess and Brookfield model the humility and courage needed in the messy and complicated work of white people entangled in white supremacy inviting other white people to recognize their embeddedness in it and to develop a collective commitment to actively dismantling systemic racism. They share concrete approaches, wise counsel, useful resources, and hard-won insights about how to engage in the practice of teaching antiracist white identity. The book demonstrates their characteristic strengths of pedagogies that evoke critical thinking and structural awareness, strategies for forging and holding brave spaces in the midst of resistance, and use of technology and storytelling. For those who are stepping up to the critical work of teaching and learning about how to live into an antiracist white identity, Brookfield and Hess will help them avoid the beginner’s errors that we all are tempted to replicate, to gain critical footing as they wade into the fray, and to benefit from the experience of these two wise mentors as they set out to further develop their own skills in this shared critical work."</p><p></p><p>Katherine Turpin</p><p>Professor of Practical Theology and Religious Education, Iliff School of Theology</p><p></p><p>"Becoming a White Antiracist removes the mask of white innocence and raises a painful and disagreeable mirror to white people. Brookfield and Hess share James Baldwin's rejection of love in the American sense of infantilism or just being made happy. Rather, the book that you hold deploys love as a painful process whereby it is unequivocally demanded that white people see themselves as they are; it is a powerful text that is steadfast in its pedagogical, conceptual, and discursive passion and courage to lay bare the lie and the mythopoetic structure of white identity. In doing so, the text effectively creates a robust dialogical space for profound generative white discomfort, disorientation, and loss. There is no space for 'white heroes' here, but a call to white unsuturing, which involves the death of conscious and unconscious white fictions that are tied to white systemic structures, and toxic white racist habits. Becoming a White Antiracist is a daring book that demands action, that instructs white people to be in danger, to risk themselves, to undo their power and privilege, and to rethink the category of the 'human' outside the white order of things."</p><p>George Yancy</p><p>The Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Philosophy at Emory University</p><p></p><p>"Bringing so many rich and valuable resources together in one document is of immense benefit to anyone engaged in or interested in anti-racism work. Living up to its title as a ‘Practical Guide’, the book goes beyond the what and addresses the how in anti-racism practice. While a lot of the themes discussed in the book are not novel, the presentation, resources and guidelines are. The book is written with skillful simplicity (making it very easy to read) and buttressed with easily replicable steps and detailed guidelines for practitioners to follow.</p><p>. . . </p><p>Overall, I found the guidelines and frameworks presented in the book very useful in my own practice as a Black woman who engages in anti-racism interventions in predominantly white spaces. The book is both informative and illuminative and is presented with an uncanny combination of rigour and comprehensiveness but also with skillful simplicity. This attribute makes it accessible to any kind of reader – whether in academia or not. In a world increasingly ladened with the inequities of racism, Becoming a White Antiracist is a must read for everyone – white or Black.”</p><p>Studies in the Education of Adults</p><p></p><p>"Becoming a White Antiracist offers helpful advice and pedagogical moves to those who are inexperienced with facilitating groups to develop antiracist identities but are committed to doing so, as well as new ways of approaching this work for those who are more experienced. The book offers many resources for facilitators to use that are accessible, as well as clear illustrations of how racism impacts BIPOC individuals, including TED Talks, YouTube videos, popular music, and movies. These different activities provide flexibility for facilitators to make decisions based on their individual contexts rather than presenting a one-size-fits-all method. Further, the chapters that provide common scenarios in which facilitators might meet individual and organizational resistance, and broad solutions to those scenarios, allow facilitators to be more prepared to react to that resistance."</p><p>Jenna Kamrass Morvay</p><p>Teachers College Record</p> </blockquote> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-item d-none" id="acc-instructor"></div> <div class="accordion-item d-none" id="acc-support"></div> <div class="accordion-item d-none" id="acc-delivery"></div> <div class="sticky mt-4"> <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary my-1 w-100"><i class="fas fa-shopping-cart"></i> Add to Cart</a> </div> </div> <!-- Closing div for sticky button --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- VS Modal --> <div class="modal fade" id="vsModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="vsModalLabel" style="display: none;" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="vsModalLabel">About VitalSource eBooks</h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>VitalSource is a leading provider of eBooks.</p> <ul class="fa-ul" style="color:#10147f"> <li><span class="fa-li"><i class="fa fa-globe"></i></span> <div class="inline-block ps-2">Access your materials anywhere, at anytime.</div></li> <li><span class="fa-li"><i class="fa fa-cogs" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> <div class="inline-block ps-2">Customer preferences like text size, font type, page color and more.</div></li> <li><span class="fa-li"><i class="fa fa-list-alt" aria-hidden="true"></i></span> <div class="inline-block ps-2">Take annotations in line as you read.</div></li> </ul> </div> <div class="modal-footer justify-content-start"> <a href="https://www.routledge.com/faqs/ebooks-faqs">View VitalSource eBook FAQs »</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="distributorModal"> </div> <!-- Multiple eBooks modal --> <div class="modal fade" id="cartActionModal" tabindex="-1" style="display:none" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="cartActionModalLabel">Multiple eBook Copies</h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="modal-body clearfix"> <p id="addError">This eBook is already in your shopping cart. If you would like to replace it with a different purchasing option please remove the current eBook option from your cart. </p> </div> <div class="modal-footer d-block" id="errorClose" style="display:block !important"> <div class="row my-3"> <div class="col-12 mb-2"> <a href="/cart" class="btn btn-primary mx-1 w-100">View Cart</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </main> <!-- Right Column on Desktop --> <aside class="col-12 col-xl-10 rt-col mx-auto"> <div class="row d-flex justify-content-end"> <div class="col-12 col-md-8 col-lg-9"> <div class="row marketing-contents"> <!-- GSD-6623: Book series data to be displayed here --> <div class="col-12 related-sub my-3"> <h4 class="ms-2">Related Subjects</h4> <div class="subjects-list"> <a aria-label="View books in Adult Education and Lifelong Learning" href="/education/adult-education-and-lifelong-learning"> <i class="fas fa-search me-1"></i>Adult Education and Lifelong Learning </a> <a aria-label="View books in Higher Education" href="/education/higher-education"> <i class="fas fa-search me-1"></i>Higher Education </a> <a aria-label="View books in Education" href="/education"> <i class="fas fa-search me-1"></i>Education </a> </div> </div> <!-- GSD-6603: Frequently Bought Together section to be mapped with related titles --> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> </section> <!-- GSD-6588 Product page model popups --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.validate.min.js" defer></script> <!-- Begin Modals --> <div class="modal fade show" id="prevModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="prevModalLabel" aria-modal="true" role="dialog" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content mx-0 mx-sm-2"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="prevModalLabel">Book Preview</h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close previewclose" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div id="googlePreviewContainer" class="collapse"> <input type="hidden" id="googlePreviewIsbn" value=""> <div id="viewerCanvas" style="margin-bottom:1.5em; height: 660px;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="modal fade show" id="imgModal" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" aria-labelledby="imgModalLabel" aria-modal="true" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-body text-center"> <div class="float-end"> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <img class="img-fluid prev-modal-image" src="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png" data-src="/img/covers/loading-image-sm.png"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Pre Order Notifications Popup--> <div class="modal fade" id="preOrderNotifModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="preOrderNotifModalLabel" style="display: none;" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="preOrderNotifModalLabel">Pre-Order Notification</h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <div id="preOrderNotiError" class="alert alert-danger" role="alert" style="display: none"> <strong>We're sorry, your request could not be processed</strong> <ul id="preOrderNotiErrorMsgs"> </ul> </div> <div id="preOrderNotiSuccess" class="alert alert-success" role="alert" style="display: none"> <p>Success! We will email you once this format of the book is available for pre-order.</p> </div> <form id="preOrderNotiForm" name="preOrderNotiForm" method="post" action="" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" novalidate="novalidate"> <input type="hidden" name="isbn" value="" id="preisbn"> <input type="hidden" name="pubdate" value="" id="prepubdate"> <input type="hidden" name="currency" value="" id="precurrency"> <input type="hidden" name="reqUrl" value="https://www.routledge.com/Becoming-a-White-Antiracist-A-Practical-Guide-for-Educators-Leaders-and/Brookfield-Hess/p/book/9781620368596" id="reqUrl"> <p>Please provide your email address so that we may notify you once this format of the book can be pre-ordered.</p> <div class="mb-2"> <label for="eml">Email Address</label> <input id="eml" name="email" class="form-control" type="text"> <div id="eml-err" class="invalid-feedback"></div> </div> <div class="my-3 text-center"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary px-5">Submit</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- GSD-6842 Due to overriding the JS, Country drop down is not working in formstack page, here we adding the jquery for eupdates page --> <!-- GSD-7538 for content_pages or go we are loading JS --> </main> <footer> <div id="btt"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 text-end"> <a href="#top">Back To Top <i class="fas fa-angle-up"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="px-3 flex justify-content-center"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-6 col-md-12 col-xl-2 order-last order-xl-first"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-1 col-xl-12 rout-lo"> <img src="/images/routledge-logo-lg.png" height="324" width="215" class="img-fluid mt-3 mt-xl-5" alt="Routledge Logo" /> </div> <div class="col-12"> <p>© <span id="copyrightyear"></span> <a href="https://www.informa.com" target="_blank" style="position:relative; z-index:100; text-decoration:underline; padding-bottom:15px">Informa UK Limited, an Informa Plc company</a> <div class="payoptions text-center text-sm-end p-sm-4 p-2"><h6 class="d-block d-sm-inline p-3 m-0"><i class="fas fa-lock pe-2"> </i> Secure Shopping <span class="sr-only">Payment Options</span></h6> <ul> <li><img title="Visa" src="https://www.routledge.com/rsc/images/crclanding/visa-pay.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Visa" /></li> <li><img title="Mastercard" src="https://www.routledge.com/rsc/images/crclanding/mastercard-pay.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Master Card" /></li> <li><img title="American Express" src="https://www.routledge.com/rsc/images/crclanding/amex-pay.png" class="img-fluid" alt="American Express" /></li> <li><img title="Apple Pay" src="https://www.routledge.com/rsc/images/crclanding/apple-pay.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Apple Pay" /></li> <li><img title="Google Pay" src="https://www.routledge.com/rsc/images/crclanding/google-pay.png" class="img-fluid" alt="Google Pay" /></li> <li><img title="J C B" src="https://www.routledge.com/rsc/images/crclanding/jcb-pay.png" class="img-fluid" alt="J C B" /></li> </ul> </div></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-6 col-md "> <h6>Contact Us</h6> <ul> <li> <a href=" /contacts/customer-service" >Customer Service</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /contacts/editorial" >Editorial Contacts</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /contacts/sales" >Sales Contacts</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /contacts/rights-and-permissions" >Rights and Permissions</a> </li> <li> <a href=" https://signup.cj.com/member/signup/publisher/?cid=5373372#/branded" target="blank">Become an Affiliate Partner <i title="Opens in new tab / window" class="fas fa-external-link-alt"><span class="sr-only">Opens in new tab or window</span></i></a> </li> </ul> <h6 class="mt-2"><a href="/faqs">FAQs</a></h6> <h6 class="mt-2"><a href="/partners">Partners</a></h6> </div> <div class="col-6 col-md "> <h6>Customer Resources</h6> <ul> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/authors/why-publish-with-us" >Authors</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/booksellers" >Booksellers</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/instructors/textbooks" >Instructors</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/instructors/textbooks/inspection-copies" >Request An Inspection Copy</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/librarians/resources-and-guides" >Librarians</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/press-media" >Press and Media</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/professionals/books-for-professionals" >Professionals</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/societies-and-associations" >Societies & Associations</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-customers/students" >Students</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-6 col-md "> <h6>Our Products</h6> <ul> <li> <a href=" /our-products/ebooks" >eBooks</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-products/ebookplus" >eBook+</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-products/book-series" >Book Series</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-products/online-platforms" >Online Platforms</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /our-products/open-access-books/taylor-francis-oa-books" >Open Access Books</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /go/crc-press-focus-shortform" >Focus Shortform Books </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-6 col-md "> <h6>About Us</h6> <ul> <li> <a href=" /corporate/about-us" >About Routledge</a> </li> <li> <a href=" https://taylorandfrancis.com/about/" target="blank">About Taylor & Francis <i title="Opens in new tab / window" class="fas fa-external-link-alt"><span class="sr-only">Opens in new tab or window</span></i></a> </li> <li> <a href=" https://www.tandfonline.com/" target="blank">Taylor & Francis Journals <i title="Opens in new tab / window" class="fas fa-external-link-alt"><span class="sr-only">Opens in new tab or window</span></i></a> </li> <li> <a href=" https://taylorandfrancis.com/careers/" target="blank">Careers <i title="Opens in new tab / window" class="fas fa-external-link-alt"><span class="sr-only">Opens in new tab or window</span></i></a> </li> </ul> <h6 class="mt-3"><a href="/blog">Blog</a></h6> <h6 class="mt-2"><a href="/topics">Topics</a></h6> </div> <div class="col-6 col-md order-last order-md-5"> <h6>Policies</h6> <ul> <li> <a href=" /policies/shipping-policy" >Shipping Information</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /policies/returns-cancellations" >Returns and Cancellations</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /policies/terms-conditions" >Terms and Conditions</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /policies/inspection-copies" >Inspection Copies</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /policies/sustainability" >Sustainability</a> </li> <li> <a href=" /policies/accessibility" >Accessibility</a> </li> <li> <a href=" https://www.informa.com/privacy-policy/" target="blank">Privacy Policy <i title="Opens in new tab / window" class="fas fa-external-link-alt"><span class="sr-only">Opens in new tab or window</span></i></a> </li> </ul> <div class="mt-3 social"> <h6 class="m-0 small pb-2">SOCIAL <span class="sr-only"> NETWORKS </span></h6> <a aria-label="Facebook - Opens in new tab or window" class="facebook m-1" href="https://www.facebook.com/TaylorandFrancisGroup/" target="_blank"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fab fa-2x fa-facebook" role="img"> </i></a> <a aria-label="LinkedIn - Opens in new tab or window" class="linkedin m-1" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/taylor-&-francis-group/" target="_blank"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fab fa-2x fa-linkedin" role="img"> </i></a> <a aria-label="Twitter - Opens in new tab or window" class="twitter m-1" href="https://twitter.com/routledgebooks/" target="_blank"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fab fa-2x fa-twitter-square" role="img"> </i></a> <a aria-label="YouTube - Opens in new tab or window" class="youtube m-1" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmG1AOBM5fskgWhCG3i8bhA" target="_blank"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fab fa-2x fa-youtube-square" role="img"> </i></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <input type="hidden" id="customVarsAsJsonOut" value="[]" /> <!-- GSD-4218: adding a new header js which has all header related scripts //critical--> <script src="/js/header.js?ver=1732167242"></script> <!-- GSD-2572:Setup lazy loading of images for home page --> <script src="/js/lazysizes.min.js" defer></script> <!-- GSD-2741 use vendor js file as asynch/defer - it dependent on vendor.js //critical--> <script src="/js/main.notmin.universal.js?ver=1732167242"></script> <!-- GSD-2741 use vendor js file as asynch/defer - it dependent on vendor.js //critical--> <script src="/js/product.js?ver=1732167242"></script> <!-- GSD-4799 added the scripts for embedded videos --> <!-- region change Modal --> <div class="modal fade" id="regionModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="regionModalLabel" aria-modal="true" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered regionChangeModal"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title" id="regionModalLabel">The country you have selected will result in the following:</h5> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <ul class="region-change-restricted-titles" id="region-change-restricted-titles"> <li>Product pricing will be adjusted to match the corresponding currency.</li> <li class="li-rst-elements">The title <span id="titles"><b>Perception</b></span> will be removed from your cart because it is not available in this region.</li> </ul> <input type="hidden" name="gregion" id="gregion"> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="gregioncontinue">Continue</button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal" id="gregionchangecancel">Cancel</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/crc-common.js?ver=1732167242"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/crc-cookie.js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.blockUI.js" defer></script> <script type="application/javascript"> getUserRegion("Found"); </script> <script type="application/javascript"> isbns = ['9781000974577','9781000979817','9781620368596','1620368595','9781620368589','1620368587','9781003443186','1003443184']; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jsapi.js" defer></script> <!-- BAU-5889-Google Preview Files are not appearing again --> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/googlepreview.js?ver=1732167242" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/gasparesganga-jquery-loading-overlay@2.1.7/dist/loadingoverlay.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/crc-pardot.js" defer></script> <script> $(document).on('click', '#iribbon-title', function () { $(this).find("#iribbon-container").toggleClass("show"); }); </script> <!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed --> <!-- GSD-1159 : Displaying additional scripts from EE --><style> header.site .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav li.sale {display:none} header.site a .sales {color: #CA1E47} nav.navbar ul li {border-right:1px solid #ccc} nav.navbar ul li:first-child {border-left:1px solid #ccc} .mmenu ul.sublist li {border:0} .mmenu ul.sublist li:first-child {border:0} .payoptions { background-color: #333; position: absolute; color: #fff; margin:0!important; right: 0; left: 0; text-align: right; border-top: 2px solid #000; border-bottom:2px solid #000 } .payoptions img { margin:5px; max-width:65px } .payoptions ul, .payoptions ul li { margin:0; padding:0; display:inline } </style> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"97f8f67f26","applicationID":"415452746","transactionName":"YlwDYBdSWRVXVRVZWVsWIkEWR1gLGUYTX1JAWhUbCFJeCA==","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":120,"atts":"ThsAFl9IShs=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e9ea9b978acab5f',t:'MTczMjg0MjA0OS4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body> </html>