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window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":1846159,"created_at":"2012-08-09T02:23:01.741-07:00","from_world_paper_id":102081039,"updated_at":"2025-01-13T21:51:39.882-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"sciencemag.org","ai_abstract":"The ancestry of modern Europeans derives from either the first European farmers of the Neolithic Age or the Paleolithic hunter-gatherers. Analysis of ancient DNA from 24 Neolithic skeletons reveals a significant mtDNA type, prevalent in early farmers, has a drastically reduced frequency in modern Europeans, suggesting a limited genetic influence from early farmers on contemporary female lineages. This supports the hypothesis of a primarily Paleolithic ancestry for modern Europeans.","publication_date":"2005,1,1","publication_name":"Science"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":0,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [2277113]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":25855509,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/25855509/mini_magick20190427-24468-1ffuu14.png?1556350503" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Ancient DNA from the first European farmers in 7500-year-old Neolithic sites</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2277113" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GeorgiBobov"><img alt="Profile image of Georgi Bobov" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2277113/724219/899306/s65_georgi.bobov.jpg" />Georgi Bobov</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2005, Science</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">3 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 1846159; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=1846159"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The ancestry of modern Europeans derives from either the first European farmers of the Neolithic Age or the Paleolithic hunter-gatherers. Analysis of ancient DNA from 24 Neolithic skeletons reveals a significant mtDNA type, prevalent in early farmers, has a drastically reduced frequency in modern Europeans, suggesting a limited genetic influence from early farmers on contemporary female lineages. This supports the hypothesis of a primarily Paleolithic ancestry for modern Europeans.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":25855509,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1846159/Ancient_DNA_from_the_first_European_farmers_in_7500_year_old_Neolithic_sites"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":25855509,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1846159/Ancient_DNA_from_the_first_European_farmers_in_7500_year_old_Neolithic_sites"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="1846159" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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PLoS Biol 8:e1000536</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4347122" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BarbaraFritsch">Barbara Fritsch</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In Europe, the Neolithic transition (8,000–4,000 B.C.) from hunting and gathering to agricultural communities was one of the most important demographic events since the initial peopling of Europe by anatomically modern humans in the Upper Paleolithic (40,000 B.C.). However, the nature and speed of this transition is a matter of continuing scientific debate in archaeology, anthropology, and human population genetics. To date, inferences about the genetic make up of past populations have mostly been drawn from studies of modern-day Eurasian populations, but increasingly ancient DNA studies offer a direct view of the genetic past. We genetically characterized a population of the earliest farming culture in Central Europe, the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK; 5,500–4,900 calibrated B.C.) and used comprehensive phylogeographic and population genetic analyses to locate its origins within the broader Eurasian region, and to trace potential dispersal routes into Europe. We cloned and sequenced ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient DNA from European early neolithic farmers reveals their near eastern affinities. PLoS Biol 8:e1000536","attachmentId":85391856,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/78293880/Ancient_DNA_from_European_early_neolithic_farmers_reveals_their_near_eastern_affinities_PLoS_Biol_8_e1000536","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/78293880/Ancient_DNA_from_European_early_neolithic_farmers_reveals_their_near_eastern_affinities_PLoS_Biol_8_e1000536"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="2969470" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2969470/Ancient_DNA_from_European_early_neolithic_farmers_reveals_their_near_eastern_affinities">Ancient DNA from European early neolithic farmers reveals their near eastern affinities</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3469372" href="https://uni-mainz.academia.edu/GuidoBrandt">Guido Brandt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In Europe, the Neolithic transition (8,000-4,000 B.C.) from hunting and gathering to agricultural communities was one of the most important demographic events since the initial peopling of Europe by anatomically modern humans in the Upper Paleolithic (40,000 B.C.). However, the nature and speed of this transition is a matter of continuing scientific debate in archaeology, anthropology, and human population genetics. To date, inferences about the genetic make up of past populations have mostly been drawn from studies of modern-day Eurasian populations, but increasingly ancient DNA studies offer a direct view of the genetic past. We genetically characterized a population of the earliest farming culture in Central Europe, the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK; 5,500-4,900 calibrated B.C.) and used comprehensive phylogeographic and population genetic analyses to locate its origins within the broader Eurasian region, and to trace potential dispersal routes into Europe. We cloned and sequenced the mitochondrial hypervariable segment I and designed two powerful SNP multiplex PCR systems to generate new mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal data from 21 individuals from a complete LBK graveyard at Derenburg Meerenstieg II in Germany. These results considerably extend the available genetic dataset for the LBK (n = 42) and permit the first detailed genetic analysis of the earliest Neolithic culture in Central Europe (5,500-4,900 calibrated B.C.). We characterized the Neolithic mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity and geographical affinities of the early farmers using a large database of extant Western Eurasian populations (n = 23,394) and a wide range of population genetic analyses including shared haplotype analyses, principal component analyses, multidimensional scaling, geographic mapping of genetic distances, and Bayesian Serial Simcoal analyses. The results reveal that the LBK population shared an affinity with the modern-day Near East and Anatolia, supporting a major genetic input from this area during the advent of farming in Europe. However, the LBK population also showed unique genetic features including a clearly distinct distribution of mitochondrial haplogroup frequencies, confirming that major demographic events continued to take place in Europe after the early Neolithic.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient DNA from European early neolithic farmers reveals their near eastern affinities","attachmentId":31018267,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2969470/Ancient_DNA_from_European_early_neolithic_farmers_reveals_their_near_eastern_affinities","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2969470/Ancient_DNA_from_European_early_neolithic_farmers_reveals_their_near_eastern_affinities"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="48709853" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48709853/Ancient_mitochondrial_DNA_from_the_northern_fringe_of_the_Neolithic_farming_expansion_in_Europe_sheds_light_on_the_dispersion_process">Ancient mitochondrial DNA from the northern fringe of the Neolithic farming expansion in Europe sheds light on the dispersion process</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33697868" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HelenaMalmstr%C3%B6m">Helena Malmström</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The European Neolithization process started around 12 000 years ago in the Near East. The introduction of agriculture spread north and west throughout Europe and a key question has been if this was brought about by migrating individuals, by an exchange of ideas or a by a mixture of these. The earliest farming evidence in Scandinavia is found within the Funnel Beaker Culture complex (Trichterbecherkultur, TRB) which represents the northernmost extension of Neolithic farmers in Europe. The TRB coexisted for almost a millennium with hunter-gatherers of the Pitted Ware Cultural complex (PWC). If migration was a substantial part of the Neolithization, even the northerly TRB community would display a closer genetic affinity to other farmer populations than to hunter-gatherer populations. We deep-sequenced the mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 from seven farmers (six TRB and one Battle Axe complex, BAC) and 13 hunter-gatherers (PWC) and authenticated the sequences using postmortem DNA d...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient mitochondrial DNA from the northern fringe of the Neolithic farming expansion in Europe sheds light on the dispersion process","attachmentId":67182599,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48709853/Ancient_mitochondrial_DNA_from_the_northern_fringe_of_the_Neolithic_farming_expansion_in_Europe_sheds_light_on_the_dispersion_process","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/48709853/Ancient_mitochondrial_DNA_from_the_northern_fringe_of_the_Neolithic_farming_expansion_in_Europe_sheds_light_on_the_dispersion_process"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="2653311" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2653311/MF_Deguilloux_R_Leahy_MH_Pemonge_S_Rottier_2012_European_neolithization_and_ancient_DNA_an_assessment_Evolutionary_Anthropology_21_24_37">MF. Deguilloux, R. Leahy, MH. Pemonge, S. Rottier (2012) European neolithization and ancient DNA: an assessment. Evolutionary Anthropology 21: 24-37.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2666291" href="https://u-bordeaux1.academia.edu/DeguillouxMarieFrance">Deguilloux Marie-France</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"MF. Deguilloux, R. Leahy, MH. Pemonge, S. Rottier (2012) European neolithization and ancient DNA: an assessment. Evolutionary Anthropology 21: 24-37.","attachmentId":31357324,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2653311/MF_Deguilloux_R_Leahy_MH_Pemonge_S_Rottier_2012_European_neolithization_and_ancient_DNA_an_assessment_Evolutionary_Anthropology_21_24_37","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2653311/MF_Deguilloux_R_Leahy_MH_Pemonge_S_Rottier_2012_European_neolithization_and_ancient_DNA_an_assessment_Evolutionary_Anthropology_21_24_37"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="5925124" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5925124/Neolithic_Sites_Ancient_DNA_from_the_First_European_Farmers_in_7500_Year_Old">Neolithic Sites Ancient DNA from the First European Farmers in 7500-Year-Old</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8799391" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UTKUCANATILGAN">UTKU CAN ATILGAN</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Neolithic Sites Ancient DNA from the First European Farmers in 7500-Year-Old","attachmentId":32901826,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5925124/Neolithic_Sites_Ancient_DNA_from_the_First_European_Farmers_in_7500_Year_Old","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5925124/Neolithic_Sites_Ancient_DNA_from_the_First_European_Farmers_in_7500_Year_Old"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="12555685" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12555685/Ancient_DNA_pig_domestication_and_the_spread_of_the_Neolithic_into_Europe">Ancient DNA, pig domestication, and the spread of the Neolithic into Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31510196" href="https://aberdeen.academia.edu/KeithDobney">Keith Dobney</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="37203248" href="https://unibas.academia.edu/ASchlumbaum">Angela Schlumbaum</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2668841" href="https://mnhn.academia.edu/JeanDenisVigne">Jean-Denis Vigne</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31466825" href="https://unibasel.academia.edu/J%C3%B6rgSchibler">Jörg Schibler</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="520100" href="https://instarhparvan.academia.edu/AdrianBalasescu">Adrian Balasescu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Zooarcheological evidence suggests that pigs were domesticated in Southwest Asia 8,500 BC. They then spread across the Middle and Near East and westward into Europe alongside early agriculturalists. European pigs were either domesticated independently or more likely appeared so as a result of admixture between introduced pigs and European wild boar. As a result, European wild boar mtDNA lineages replaced Near Eastern/Anatolian mtDNA signatures in Europe and subsequently replaced indigenous domestic pig lineages in Anatolia. The specific details of these processes, however, remain unknown. To address questions related to early pig domestication, dispersal, and turnover in the Near East, we analyzed ancient mitochondrial DNA and dental geometric morphometric variation in 393 ancient pig specimens representing 48 archeological sites (from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic to the Medieval period) from Armenia, Cyprus, Georgia, Iran, Syria, and Turkey. Our results reveal the first genetic signatures of early domestic pigs in the Near Eastern Neolithic core zone. We also demonstrate that these early pigs differed genetically from those in western Anatolia that were introduced to Europe during the Neolithic expansion. In addition, we present a significantly more refined chronology for the introduction of European domestic pigs into Asia Minor that took place during the Bronze Age, at least 900 years earlier than previously detected. By the 5th century AD, European signatures completely replaced the endemic lineages possibly coinciding with the widespread demographic and societal changes that occurred during the Anatolian Bronze and Iron Ages.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient DNA, pig domestication, and the spread of the Neolithic into Europe","attachmentId":46090545,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/12555685/Ancient_DNA_pig_domestication_and_the_spread_of_the_Neolithic_into_Europe","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/12555685/Ancient_DNA_pig_domestication_and_the_spread_of_the_Neolithic_into_Europe"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="27997674" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27997674/Ancient_mitochondrial_DNA_from_the_middle_neolithic_necropolis_of_Obernai_extends_the_genetic_influence_of_the_LBK_to_west_of_the_Rhine">Ancient mitochondrial DNA from the middle neolithic necropolis of Obernai extends the genetic influence of the LBK to west of the Rhine</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1148222" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/Ma%C3%AFt%C3%A9Rivollat">Maïté Rivollat</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33080352" href="https://univ-bordeaux.academia.edu/ChristineCouture">Christine Couture</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2666291" href="https://u-bordeaux1.academia.edu/DeguillouxMarieFrance">Deguilloux Marie-France</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1452724" href="https://inrap.academia.edu/ClementFeliu">Clément Féliu</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="519203" href="https://u-bordeaux1.academia.edu/FannyMendisco">Fanny Mendisco</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12892735" href="https://unistra.academia.edu/philippeLefranc">philippe Lefranc</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2524405" href="https://bordeaux-metropole.academia.edu/H%C3%A9l%C3%A8neR%C3%A9veillas">Hélène Réveillas</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Objectives: The arrival of Neolithic farmers in Europe was the source of major cultural and genetic transitions. Neolithic settlers brought a new set of maternal lineages (mitochondrial DNA), recently well-characterized on the continental road, from the Balkans to West Germany (Rhine River). In the present study, the first mitochondrial DNA data from groups associated with this continental expansion wave located west of the Rhine River has been provided and their genetic affinities with contemporary groups have been discussed. Material and methods: The mitochondrial DNA analysis of 27 human remains originating from Obernai (5,000–4,400 cal. BC), a necropolis located in French Alsace Region and attributed to Grossgartach, Planig–Friedberg, and Roessen cultures was conducted. Results and discussion: Among the 27 individuals studied, 15 HVR-I sequences and 17 mitochon-drial haplogroups could be determined. The analysis of the Obernai gene pool clearly confirmed the genetic homogeneity of Linearbandkeramik (LBK) groups on both sides of the Rhine River. Notably, one N1a sequence found in Obernai is shared with LBK farmers from Central Europe, including one individual from the Flomborn site located approximately 200 km northeast of Obernai. On the whole, data gathered so far showed major genetic influence of the Danubian wave from Transdanu-bia to Atlantic French Coast, going by Alsace Region. However, the genetic influence of descendants from the Mediterranean Neolithic expansion and the significant hunter-gatherer admix-ture detected further west in the Paris Basin were not perceived in the Obernai necropolis. Conclusions: Genetic homogeneity and continuity within LBK groups can be proposed on both sides of the Rhine River for the middle Neolithic groups. Nevertheless, mitochondrial data gathered so far for Neolithic groups from the entire extant French Territory clearly point out the complexity and the variability of Neolithic communities interactions that is worthy of further investigation.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient mitochondrial DNA from the middle neolithic necropolis of Obernai extends the genetic influence of the LBK to west of the Rhine","attachmentId":48303568,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27997674/Ancient_mitochondrial_DNA_from_the_middle_neolithic_necropolis_of_Obernai_extends_the_genetic_influence_of_the_LBK_to_west_of_the_Rhine","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/27997674/Ancient_mitochondrial_DNA_from_the_middle_neolithic_necropolis_of_Obernai_extends_the_genetic_influence_of_the_LBK_to_west_of_the_Rhine"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="23250208" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23250208/Prehistoric_Migration_in_Europe_Strontium_Isotope_Analysis_of_Early_Neolithic_Skeletons">Prehistoric Migration in Europe: Strontium Isotope Analysis of Early Neolithic Skeletons</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2750427" href="https://leiza.academia.edu/DetlefGronenborn">Detlef Gronenborn</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45234585" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PFullagar">Paul Fullagar</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3340125" href="https://transportmarfa.academia.edu/TDouglasPrice">T. Douglas Price</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Prehistoric Migration in Europe: Strontium Isotope Analysis of Early Neolithic Skeletons","attachmentId":43730319,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23250208/Prehistoric_Migration_in_Europe_Strontium_Isotope_Analysis_of_Early_Neolithic_Skeletons","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23250208/Prehistoric_Migration_in_Europe_Strontium_Isotope_Analysis_of_Early_Neolithic_Skeletons"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="56795519" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56795519/Ancient_DNA_from_South_East_Europe_Reveals_Different_Events_during_Early_and_Middle_Neolithic_Influencing_the_European_Genetic_Heritage">Ancient DNA from South-East Europe Reveals Different Events during Early and Middle Neolithic Influencing the European Genetic Heritage</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44847960" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CDeLaRua">Conchi De La Rua</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLOS ONE, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The importance of the process of Neolithization for the genetic make-up of European populations has been hotly debated, with shifting hypotheses from a demic diffusion (DD) to a cultural diffusion (CD) model. In this regard, ancient DNA data from the Balkan Peninsula, which is an important source of information to assess the process of Neolithization in Europe, is however missing. In the present study we show genetic information on ancient populations of the SouthEast of Europe. We assessed mtDNA from ten sites from the current territory of Romania, spanning a time-period from the Early Neolithic to the Late Bronze Age. mtDNA data from Early Neolithic farmers of the Starčevo Criş culture in Romania (Cârcea, Gura Baciului and Negrileşti sites), confirm their genetic relationship with those of the LBK culture (Linienbandkeramik Kultur) in Central Europe, and they show little genetic continuity with modern European populations. On the other hand, populations of the Middle-Late Neolithic (Boian, Zau and Gumelniţa cultures), supposedly a second wave of Neolithic migration from Anatolia, had a much stronger effect on the genetic heritage of the European populations. In contrast, we find a smaller contribution of Late Bronze Age migrations to the genetic composition of Europeans. Based on these findings, we propose that permeation of mtDNA lineages from a second wave of Middle-Late Neolithic migration from NorthWest Anatolia into the Balkan Peninsula and Central Europe represent an important contribution to the genetic shift between Early and Late Neolithic populations in Europe, and consequently to the genetic make-up of modern European populations.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ancient DNA from South-East Europe Reveals Different Events during Early and Middle Neolithic Influencing the European Genetic Heritage","attachmentId":72005666,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56795519/Ancient_DNA_from_South_East_Europe_Reveals_Different_Events_during_Early_and_Middle_Neolithic_Influencing_the_European_Genetic_Heritage","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56795519/Ancient_DNA_from_South_East_Europe_Reveals_Different_Events_during_Early_and_Middle_Neolithic_Influencing_the_European_Genetic_Heritage"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":25855509,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":25855509,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_25855509" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="5075558" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5075558/Palaeogenetic_evidence_supports_a_dual_model_of_Neolithic_spreading_into_Europe">Palaeogenetic evidence supports a dual model of Neolithic spreading into Europe</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1168387" href="https://unifi.academia.edu/davidcaramelli">david caramelli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological 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translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="41370020" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41370020/Interactions_between_earliest_Linearbandkeramik_Farmers_and_Central_European_Hunter_Gatherers_at_the_Dawn_of_European_Neolithization">Interactions between earliest Linearbandkeramik Farmers and Central European Hunter Gatherers at the Dawn of European Neolithization</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1193003" href="https://univie.academia.edu/PeterStadler" rel="nofollow">Peter Stadler</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1543672" href="https://iananu-kiev.academia.edu/NadezhdaKotova">Nadezhda Kotova</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39611841" href="https://gvsu.academia.edu/AlexNikitin">Alexey G Nikitin</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="139915624" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkLipson">Mark Lipson</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="140386467" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JessicaHoover10">Jessica Hoover</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nature Scientific Reports, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Interactions between earliest Linearbandkeramik Farmers and Central European Hunter Gatherers at the Dawn of European Neolithization","attachmentId":61567610,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41370020/Interactions_between_earliest_Linearbandkeramik_Farmers_and_Central_European_Hunter_Gatherers_at_the_Dawn_of_European_Neolithization","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/41370020/Interactions_between_earliest_Linearbandkeramik_Farmers_and_Central_European_Hunter_Gatherers_at_the_Dawn_of_European_Neolithization"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="37327522" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37327522/2018_Eisenmann_S_E_Banffy_P_van_Dommelen_K_P_Hofmann_J_Maran_I_Lazaridis_A_Mittnik_M_McCormick_J_Krause_D_Reich_P_W_Stockhammer_Reconciling_material_cultures_in_archaeology_with_genetic_data_The_nomenclature_of_clusters_emerging_from_archaeogenomic_analysis_Scientific_Reports_8">2018 Eisenmann, S./E. Banffy/P. van Dommelen/K.P. Hofmann/J. Maran/I. Lazaridis/A. Mittnik/M. McCormick/J. Krause/D. Reich/P.W. Stockhammer, Reconciling material cultures in archaeology with genetic data: The nomenclature of clusters emerging from archaeogenomic analysis. Scientific Reports 8.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="414453" href="https://dainst.academia.edu/KerstinPHofmann">Kerstin P. 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