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class="vector-menu-heading"> ناوبری </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87" title="گَت ِصفحه ره هارشائن [z]" accesskey="z"><span>گت صفحه</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="تازه دچی‌یه‌ئون ره لیست [r]" accesskey="r"><span>تازه دگاردنی‌ئون</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="تازه اخبار ره بخوندِستن"><span>تازه خـَوِرون</span></a></li><li id="n-Portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B4"><span>کارورون ِلوش</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87%D9%94_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%81%DB%8C" title="اتا شانسی صفحه بَدی‌ین [x]" accesskey="x"><span>شانسی صفحه</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="أتـا جـا کـه..."><span>راهنما</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="ویکی‌پدیا" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-mzn.svg" style="width: 5.875em; height: 2em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-mzn.svg" width="81" height="18" style="width: 5.0625em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%88" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ویکی‌پدیا ره چرخه‌تو [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>چرخه‌تو</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ویکی‌پدیا چرخه‌تو" aria-label="ویکی‌پدیا چرخه‌تو" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ویکی‌پدیا ره چرخه‌تو [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="شا:جستجو"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">چرخ‌ هاییر</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="مه ابزار"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="نما"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="تغییر ظاهر اندازهٔ قلم، عرض و رنگ صفحه" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="نما" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">نما</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mzn.wikipedia.org&uselang=mzn" class=""><span>پول هدائن</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C&returnto=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="شِما ره پیشنهاد کامبی که اتا کاروری حیساب بسازین و لاگین بَواشین؛ البته این کار اختیاری هسته." class=""><span>عضو بیّن</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87&returnto=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="شه‌ما به‌ته‌ر هـأسـه که سـیـسـتـه‌م ده‌لـه بـیـه‌ئی، هـرچـأن زوری نـیـه [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>دله بموئن</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="گزینه‌های بیشتر" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="مه ابزار" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">مه ابزار</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="منوی کاربری" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mzn.wikipedia.org&uselang=mzn"><span>پول هدائن</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>مشارکت</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C&returnto=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="شِما ره پیشنهاد کامبی که اتا کاروری حیساب بسازین و لاگین بَواشین؛ البته این کار اختیاری هسته."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>عضو بیّن</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87&returnto=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="شه‌ما به‌ته‌ر هـأسـه که سـیـسـتـه‌م ده‌لـه بـیـه‌ئی، هـرچـأن زوری نـیـه [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>دله بموئن</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> صفحه‌هایی برای ویرایشگرانی که از سامانه خارج شدند <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%87" aria-label="دربارهٔ ویرایش‌کردن بیشتر بدانید"><span>بیشتر بدانید</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB_%D9%85%D9%86" title="بحث پیرامون ویرایش‌های این نشانی آی‌پی [n]" accesskey="n"><span>گپ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="وبگاه"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="فهرست" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">فهرست</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">انتقال به نوار کناری</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پٮتی</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">لید</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-منابع" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#منابع"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>منابع</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-منابع-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="فهرست" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="تغییر وضعیت فهرست محتویات" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">تغییر وضعیت فهرست محتویات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">سیدنی آلتمن</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="به مقاله‌ای به یک زبان دیگر بروید. به ۵۵ زبان در دسترس است." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۵۵ زوون</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سيدني ألتمان–عربی" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيدني ألتمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سيدنى التمان–عربی مصری" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيدنى التمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="عربی مصری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidni_Oltmen" title="Sidni Oltmen–آذری ِترکی" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sidni Oltmen" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="آذری ِترکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="سیدنی آلتمن–South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیدنی آلتمن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Сідней Олтмен–بلاروسی" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сідней Олтмен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بلاروسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сидни Олтман–بلغاری" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сидни Олтман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="সিডনি অল্টম্যান–بنگالی" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিডনি অল্টম্যান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–کاتالونی" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کاتالونی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–چکی" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–دانمارکی" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="دانمارکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–آلمانی" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="آلمانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–انگلیسی" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انگلیسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ایسپانیولی" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ایسپانیولی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–باسکی" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" title="سیدنی آلتمن–فارسی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیدنی آلتمن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–فینیش" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینیش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–فرانسوی" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ایریش" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ایریش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–گیلی اسکاتلندی" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="گیلی اسکاتلندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–گالیک" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="گالیک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="סידני אלטמן–عبری" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סידני אלטמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–مجاری" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="مجاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–اندونزیایی" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="اندونزیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ایدو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ایدو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ایتالیایی" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایتالیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%89%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="シドニー・アルトマン–جاپونی" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シドニー・アルトマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپونی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%93%9C%EB%8B%88_%EC%98%AC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A8%BC" title="시드니 올트먼–کُره‌یی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시드니 올트먼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کُره‌یی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–لاتین" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–لوکزامبورگی" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لوکزامبورگی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="സിഡ്നി അൾട്മാൻ–مالایالام" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിഡ്നി അൾട്മാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالایالام" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–مالایی" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="مالایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–هلندی" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هلندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–نروژی بوکمال" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نروژی بوکمال" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–اکسیتان" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اکسیتان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–لهستونی" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="لهستونی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%B9%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سڈنی آلٹمین–پنجابی" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سڈنی آلٹمین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="پنجابی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–پرتغالی" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پرتغالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Олтмен, Сидни–روسی" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Олтмен, Сидни" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–انگلیسی ساده" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="انگلیسی ساده" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–اسلواکی" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="اسلواکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–اسلوونیایی" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="اسلوونیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ایناری سامی" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="ایناری سامی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–سوئدی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سوئدی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–سواحیلی" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواحیلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சிட்னி ஆல்ட்மன்–تامیلی" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிட்னி ஆல்ட்மன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامیلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ترکی" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Сидни Олтмен–تاتاری" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сидни Олтмен" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Сідні Олтмен–اوکراینی" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сідні Олтмен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکراینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%B9_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سڈنی آلٹ مین–اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سڈنی آلٹ مین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ازبکی" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ازبکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–ویتنامی" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ویتنامی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Altman" title="Sidney Altman–یوروبا" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sidney Altman" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="یوروبا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E6%9B%BC" title="西德尼·奥尔特曼–چینی" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西德尼·奥尔特曼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چینی" 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.entete.triathlon{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Triathlon_pictogram.svg/40px-Triathlon_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.ultimate{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ultimate_pictogram.svg/70px-Ultimate_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.union-europeenne{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Picto_Infobox_Europe.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.video{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/35px-Tango-video-x-generic.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.voile{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sailing_pictogram.svg/40px-Sailing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.volleyball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg/35px-Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style><table class="infobox_v3b mainTable infobox"><tbody><tr><td style="justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap"><div class="entete defaut" style="background-color:#A7E8B6;color:#000000"><div>سیدنی آلتمن</div></div><div style="border:unset;padding:unset"><div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87:Sidney_Altman_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Sidney_Altman_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="161" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></div><div class="legend"></div></div><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">شخصی معلومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">بزا-روز</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p569"><time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1939-05-07" data-sort-value="1939-05-07"><a href="/wiki/7_%D9%85%D9%87" class="mw-redirect" title="7 مه">7 مه</a> <a href="/wiki/1939" class="mw-redirect" title="1939">1939</a></time><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P569" title="ویکی دیتا دله ونه دیتائون ره هارشین"><img alt="ویکی دیتا دله ونه دیتائون ره هارشین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span><br /><span class="wd_p19"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84" title="مونترئال">مونترئال</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P19" title="ویکی دیتا دله ونه دیتائون ره هارشین"><img alt="ویکی دیتا دله ونه دیتائون ره هارشین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">بمردن</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%DB%B5_%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84" title="۵ آوریل">۵ آوریل</a> <a href="/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B2%DB%B2" title="۲۰۲۲">۲۰۲۲</a><sup id="cite_ref-d0461288141de017b4ba087c52ed975201264b0d_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d0461288141de017b4ba087c52ed975201264b0d-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P570" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">مِزار</th><td class=""><div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q117446157" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q117446157"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Congregation Mishkan Israel Cemetery</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117446157?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P119" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">ملیت(ون)</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="آمریکای متحده ایالات">متحده ایالات آمریکا</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B8%DB%B4" title="۱۹۸۴">۱۹۸۴</a> – )</small> — <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="کاندا">کانادا</a><sup id="cite_ref-6a75a7dc18e1029ccff46785fd54e755e3fac853_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6a75a7dc18e1029ccff46785fd54e755e3fac853-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P27" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">مدرسه</th><td class=""><div> <ul><li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q49088" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q49088"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">دانشگاه کلمبیا</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49088?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q49108" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q49108"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">مؤسسه فناوری ماساچوست</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49108?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q736674" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q736674"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">دانشگاه کلرادو در بولدر</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736674?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P69" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">گپ‌بزن زوون</th><td class=""><div> <span class="wd_p1412"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="اینگلیسی زوون">انگلیسی</a><sup id="cite_ref-f295be8562de5b388ffce6100d9e69f1ed2816df_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f295be8562de5b388ffce6100d9e69f1ed2816df-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback" style="padding-left:0.5em"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266#P1412" title="ویکی‌دیتایِ پارامترون ره هارشی‌ین"><img alt="ویکی‌دیتایِ پارامترون ره هارشی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">پیشه‌ئون</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لیست…</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q864503" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q864503"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">زیست‌شناس</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864503?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q593644" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q593644"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">شیمی‌دان</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593644?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15839206" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q15839206"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">زیست‌شناس مولکولی</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15839206?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2919046" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2919046"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">زیست شیمیدان</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919046?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3400985" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3400985"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">دانشگاهی</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3400985?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q169470" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q169470"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">فیزیک‌دان</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169470?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-ea6a299822194d3e319f18687f4e106dbc83291a_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ea6a299822194d3e319f18687f4e106dbc83291a-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1622272" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1622272"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">استاد دانشگاه</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622272?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14906342" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14906342"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">بیوفیزیکدان</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906342?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P106" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">همسر</th><td class=""><div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41512229" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q41512229"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Ann M. Altman</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41512229?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P26" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">دیگر معلومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">کارفرما</th><td class=""><div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13371" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q13371"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">دانشگاه هاروارد</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13371?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P108" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">دین</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="جهودی دین">یهودیت</a> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P140" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">عضو</th><td class=""><div> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q270794" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q270794"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">آکادمی ملی علوم</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270794?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q463303" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q463303"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">فرهنگستان هنر و دانش آمریکا</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463303?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q466089" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q466089"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">مجمع فیلسوفان آمریکا</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466089?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q40358" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q40358"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">انجمن پیشبرد علوم آمریکا</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40358?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P463" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">جوایز</th><td class=""><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div><div class="nomobile" style="text-align:right;border: none; padding: 0; background:none; font-size: 75%;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/20px-Incomplete_list.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/30px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Incomplete_list.svg/40px-Incomplete_list.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span> لیست…</div></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1340199" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1340199"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">نشان زرین لومونسف</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340199?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small>(<a href="/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B6" title="۲۰۱۶">۲۰۱۶</a>)</small></li><li> <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87" title="نوبل شیمی جایزه">نوبل شیمی جایزه</a><sup id="cite_ref-f12b06474471baac015045d065a0aeb9a6590f3c_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f12b06474471baac015045d065a0aeb9a6590f3c-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-663a9137bb3ed64ee05f83cd464a9d7fc5142e65_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-663a9137bb3ed64ee05f83cd464a9d7fc5142e65-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <small>(<a href="/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B8%DB%B9" title="۱۹۸۹">۱۹۸۹</a>)</small></li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1577949" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1577949"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Rosenstiel Award</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1577949?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-4be82ecedd68179c919bef3d44c5430b9edea82b_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4be82ecedd68179c919bef3d44c5430b9edea82b-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <small>(<a href="/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B8%DB%B8" title="۱۹۸۸">۱۹۸۸</a>)</small></li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q52382875" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q52382875"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52382875?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q608197" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q608197"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">پروفسور استرلینگ</span></a> <sup>(fa)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608197?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62061080" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q62061080"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">honorary doctorate from the McGill University</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62061080?uselang=mzn" title="ترجمه"><img alt="ترجمه" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266?uselang=mzn#P166" title="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین"><img alt="ونه پارامتر ره Wikidata دله دچی‌ین" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar noprint bordered" style="display:block;flex:auto;border-top:2px dotted #A7E8B6"><span class="plainlinks" style="background:inherit;text-align:right;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86&veaction=edit&section=0">دچی‌ین</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86&action=edit&section=0">کد دچی‌ین</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102266" class="extiw" title="d:Q102266">آیتم دچی‌ین</a></span><span style="text-align:left;float:left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%AE/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5" title="شابلون خَوِری"><img alt="شابلون خَوِری" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/30px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/45px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/60px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>سیدنی آلتمن</b> (بزائه‌یِ ۱۹۳۹) اتا <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="کانادا">کانادا</a>-<a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="آمریکا">آمریکا‌یی</a> شیمی‌دون بی‌یه. وه سال ۱۹۸۹ میلادی، RNA و ریبوزیم خصوصیات کشف وسّه، <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87" title="نوبل شیمی جایزه">نوبل شیمی جایزه</a> ره بیته. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="منابع"><span id=".D9.85.D9.86.D8.A7.D8.A8.D8.B9"></span>منابع</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86&action=edit&section=1" title="تیکه: منابع ره دچی‌ین"><span>دچی‌ین</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ویکی‌پدیای کارزنون، «<a class="external text" href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C&oldid=36189960">فهرست برندگان جایزه نوبل شیمی</a>»، فارسی ویکی‌پدیا، آزاد دانشنومه، دله. (هارشی‌یه بَیی ۱۷ مرداد ۱۴۰۲).</li> <li><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1989">“The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989”</a>. Nobelprize.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 1 July 2023</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+1989&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Nobelprize.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fchemistry%2Flaureates%2F1989&rfr_id=info:sid/fa.wikipedia.org:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="reflist references-small" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-d0461288141de017b4ba087c52ed975201264b0d-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-d0461288141de017b4ba087c52ed975201264b0d_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r181738">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yale.edu/2022/04/06/sidney-altman-pathbreaking-scientist">"<span lang="en">Sidney Altman, pathbreaking scientist</span>"</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="اینگلیسی زوون">انگلیسی</a> جه).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ESidney+Altman%2C+pathbreaking+scientist%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yale.edu%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fsidney-altman-pathbreaking-scientist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmzn.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Cite_web" title="شابلون:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (<a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رج:نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09_2-0">۲٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-9c0b3242ecf5ed03e38c139268e2fd9115827a09_2-1">۲٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">ونه نوم اینجه بمو: <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q63056" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q63056"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">بنگاه داده یک گور بیاب</span></a></i>. هارشی‌ین تاریخ: <a href="/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B3_%DA%98%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%86" title="۲۳ ژوئن">۲۳ ژوئن</a> <a href="/wiki/%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B2%DB%B4" title="۲۰۲۴">۲۰۲۴</a>. اثر یا نومِ زوون: انگلیسی.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6a75a7dc18e1029ccff46785fd54e755e3fac853-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6a75a7dc18e1029ccff46785fd54e755e3fac853_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">نشانی اینترنتی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.britannica.com/nobelprize/article-9005941">http://www.britannica.com/nobelprize/article-9005941</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda_4-0">۴٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-0d9a19dfc77343b58757e8d2e5cbfcd8b59b8eda_4-1">۴٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r181738"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1989/altman/biographical/">"<span lang="en">Sidney Altman Biographical</span>"</a>. <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23684016" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q23684016"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">nobelprize.org</span></a></i> (<a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="اینگلیسی زوون">انگلیسی</a> جه). بنیاد نوبل<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <a href="/w/index.php?title=5_February&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5 February (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">5 February</a> <a href="/wiki/2021" class="mw-redirect" title="2021">2021</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%3Cspan+style%3D%22color%3A%235f9cbb%3B%22%3Enobelprize.org%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.atitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ESidney+Altman+Biographical%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F1989%2Faltman%2Fbiographical%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmzn.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Cite_web" title="شابلون:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="رانما:CS1 errors (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (<a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رج:نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f295be8562de5b388ffce6100d9e69f1ed2816df-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-f295be8562de5b388ffce6100d9e69f1ed2816df_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">عنوان : Identifiants et Référentiels — ناشر: Agence bibliographique de l'enseignement supérieur — شناسهٔ idRef: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.idref.fr/122876628">https://www.idref.fr/122876628</a> — هارشی‌ین تاریخ: ۱۱ مه ۲۰۲۰</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ea6a299822194d3e319f18687f4e106dbc83291a-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ea6a299822194d3e319f18687f4e106dbc83291a_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">نشانی اینترنتی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.timelinesdb.com/listevents.php?subjid=287&title=DNA&fromrec=60">http://www.timelinesdb.com/listevents.php?subjid=287&title=DNA&fromrec=60</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_7-0">۷٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-757e4753c6072dfb329049414d9ad07e4b153b5d_7-1">۷٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">ونه نوم اینجه بمو: <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1373513" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1373513"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">ان‌ان‌دی‌بی</span></a></i>. اثر یا نومِ زوون: انگلیسی.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f12b06474471baac015045d065a0aeb9a6590f3c-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-f12b06474471baac015045d065a0aeb9a6590f3c_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r181738"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1989/summary/">"<span lang="en">The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989</span>"</a>. <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q23684016" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q23684016"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">nobelprize.org</span></a></i> (<a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="اینگلیسی زوون">انگلیسی</a> جه). بنیاد نوبل<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <a href="/w/index.php?title=5_February&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5 February (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">5 February</a> <a href="/wiki/2021" class="mw-redirect" title="2021">2021</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%3Cspan+style%3D%22color%3A%235f9cbb%3B%22%3Enobelprize.org%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.atitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EThe+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+1989%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F1989%2Fsummary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmzn.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Cite_web" title="شابلون:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="رانما:CS1 errors (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (<a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رج:نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-663a9137bb3ed64ee05f83cd464a9d7fc5142e65-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-663a9137bb3ed64ee05f83cd464a9d7fc5142e65_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r181738"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/04/prize-amounts-2020.pdf">"<span lang="en">Table showing prize amounts</span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (<a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="اینگلیسی زوون">انگلیسی</a> جه). <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1781959" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1781959"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">بنیاد نوبل</span></a>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B1%DB%B9" title="آوریل ۲۰۱۹">آوریل ۲۰۱۹</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <a href="/w/index.php?title=5_February&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5 February (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">5 February</a> <a href="/wiki/2021" class="mw-redirect" title="2021">2021</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ETable+showing+prize+amounts%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.pub=%3Cspan+style%3D%22color%3A%235f9cbb%3B%22%3E%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF+%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F04%2Fprize-amounts-2020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmzn.wikipedia.org%3A%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86:Cite_web" title="شابلون:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|access-date=</code> و <code class="cs1-code">|date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="رانما:CS1 errors (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته (<a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رج:نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4be82ecedd68179c919bef3d44c5430b9edea82b-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4be82ecedd68179c919bef3d44c5430b9edea82b_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">نشانی اینترنتی: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.brandeis.edu/rosenstiel/rosenstielaward/past.html">http://www.brandeis.edu/rosenstiel/rosenstielaward/past.html</a></i>.</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=سیدنی_آلتمن&oldid=182153">https://mzn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=سیدنی_آلتمن&oldid=182153</a>" جه بیته بیّه</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7:%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="شا:رده‌ها">رج‌ئون</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86" title="رج:شیمی وسه نوبل بیته‌ئون">شیمی وسه نوبل بیته‌ئون</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86" title="رج:آمریکا شیمیدون">آمریکا شیمیدون</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86" title="رج:کانادا شیمیدون">کانادا شیمیدون</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%AC:%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B3%DB%B9_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="رج:۱۹۳۹ بزائه‌ئون (این صفحه دَنی‌یه)">۱۹۳۹ بزائه‌ئون</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86" title="رج:زننه آدمون">زننه آدمون</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">خف رج‌ئون: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87" title="رج:نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته">نگهداری یادکرد:زبان ناشناخته</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF:_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="رج:خطاهای یادکرد: تاریخ">خطاهای یادکرد: تاریخ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%86%D9%87_P569" title="رج:صفحه‌ئونی که اتا ویژگی ره کار زننه P569">صفحه‌ئونی که اتا ویژگی ره کار زننه P569</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AC:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%86%D9%87_P19" title="رج:صفحه‌ئونی که اتا ویژگی ره کار زننه P19">صفحه‌ئونی که اتا ویژگی ره کار زننه P19</a></li><li><a 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