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vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_colonial_brigades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>The colonial brigades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_colonial_brigades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Indochina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Indochina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Post-Indochina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Indochina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History,_garrisons,_campaigns_and_battles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History,_garrisons,_campaigns_and_battles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History, garrisons, campaigns and battles</span> </div> </a> <button 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class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Patron Saint</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patron_Saint-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Motto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regimental_Colors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regimental_Colors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Regimental Colors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regimental_Colors-sublist" 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF_%DB%B1_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="هنگ ۱ پیاده چترباز دریایی فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هنگ ۱ پیاده چترباز دریایی فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine" title="1er régiment de parachutistes d'infanterie de marine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1er régiment de parachutistes d'infanterie de marine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C1%EB%82%99%ED%95%98%EC%82%B0%ED%95%B4%EB%B3%91%EB%B3%B4%EB%B3%91%EC%97%B0%EB%8C%80" title="제1낙하산해병보병연대 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제1낙하산해병보병연대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E6%B5%B7%E5%85%B5%E6%AD%A9%E5%85%B5%E8%90%BD%E4%B8%8B%E5%82%98%E9%80%A3%E9%9A%8A_(%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E8%BB%8D)" title="第1海兵歩兵落下傘連隊 (フランス軍) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="第1海兵歩兵落下傘連隊 (フランス軍)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_1" title="กรมพลร่มทหารราบนาวีที่ 1 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กรมพลร่มทหารราบนาวีที่ 1" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E9%99%B8%E6%88%B0%E5%82%98%E9%99%8D%E5%9C%98" title="第1海軍陸戰傘降團 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="第1海軍陸戰傘降團" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">1<sup>er</sup> Régiment de Parachutistes d'Infanterie de Marine</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg/200px-Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg/300px-Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg/400px-Insigne_de_b%C3%A9ret_du_1er_RPIMA_%22Qui_ose_gagne%22.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="248" data-file-height="339" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Regimental beret badge</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">September 15, 1940 – present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_French_Army_(Armee_de_Terre).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Logo_of_the_French_Army_%28Armee_de_Terre%29.svg/25px-Logo_of_the_French_Army_%28Armee_de_Terre%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Logo_of_the_French_Army_%28Armee_de_Terre%29.svg/38px-Logo_of_the_French_Army_%28Armee_de_Terre%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Logo_of_the_French_Army_%28Armee_de_Terre%29.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_French_Army_%28Armee_de_Terre%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="871" data-file-height="680" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_Paratrooper_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="List of French Paratrooper Units">Special Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">865 authorized personnel (2017)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Army_Special_Forces_Command" title="French Army Special Forces Command">French Army Special Forces Command</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Garrison/HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Qui Ose Gagne</i><br />(<i><a href="/wiki/Who_Dares_Wins" title="Who Dares Wins">Who Dares Wins</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Anniversaries</th><td class="infobox-data">Saint-Michel Day</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br /><a href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War" title="First Indochina War">First Indochina War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Civil_War" title="Lebanese Civil War">Lebanese Civil War</a><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Multinational_Force_in_Lebanon" title="Multinational Force in Lebanon">Multinational Force in Lebanon</a><br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Desert Storm">Operation Desert Storm</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom" title="Operation Enduring Freedom">Operation Enduring Freedom</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Licorne" title="Opération Licorne">Opération Licorne</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Operation_Serval" title="Operation Serval">Operation Serval</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Global_War_on_Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Global War on Terrorism">Global War on Terrorism (2001–present)</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Current<br />commander</th><td class="infobox-data">Colonel Cutajar</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Identification symbol</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_(1erRPIMA).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Insigne de béret du 1er RPIMA "Qui ose gagne""><img alt="Insigne de béret du 1er RPIMA "Qui ose gagne"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_%281erRPIMA%29.svg/130px-Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_%281erRPIMA%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_%281erRPIMA%29.svg/195px-Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_%281erRPIMA%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_%281erRPIMA%29.svg/260px-Insigne_du_1er_r%C3%A9giment_de_parachutistes_d%27infanterie_de_marine_%281erRPIMA%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1773" data-file-height="3041" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">1<sup>er</sup> R.P.I.Ma</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">1<sup>er</sup> Régiment de Parachutistes d'Infanterie de Marine</i>) or <b>1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa</b> is a unit of the <a href="/wiki/French_Army_Special_Forces_Command" title="French Army Special Forces Command">French Army Special Forces Command</a>, therefore part of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_(France)" title="Special Operations Command (France)">Special Operations Command</a>. </p><p>Heirs to the <a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free French</a> <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratroopers</a> of the 3rd and 4th squadrons of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> (SAS) founded in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> during <a href="/wiki/WWII" class="mw-redirect" title="WWII">WWII</a>, the 1er RPIMa is sometimes referred to as the "French SAS" and still uses the same motto as their British counterparts to this day: <b><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Qui ose gagne</i></span></b> (French for "<i>Who Dares Wins</i>"). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">List of French paratrooper units</a></div> <p>Quite unusually for the <a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">French Armed Forces</a>, the affiliations of this unit are various, not directly related to each other, and numerous. The regiment is heir simultaneously to formations of the <a href="/wiki/French_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="French Air Force">French Air Force</a>, mainland <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Troupes_coloniales" title="Troupes coloniales">Troupes coloniales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Troupes_de_marine" title="Troupes de marine">Troupes de marine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>September 15, 1940, the 1st Air Infantry Company (<a href="/wiki/Free_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French">Free French</a>) (1<sup>e</sup> <i>Compagnie d'Infanterie de l'Air</i>: 1<sup>e</sup> C.I.A) was created in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> by Captain <a href="/wiki/Georges_Berg%C3%A9" title="Georges Bergé">Georges Bergé</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>March 15, 1941: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Savanna" title="Operation Savanna">Operation Savanna</a>, the first operation of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Executive" title="Special Operations Executive">Special Operations Executive</a> (SOE) in France, an ambush in Brittany.</li> <li>On April 10, 1941 the 1st Air Infantry Company (1<sup>e</sup> C.I.A) was reattached to the <a href="/wiki/Free_French_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French forces">Free French forces</a> and renamed <i>1<sup>er</sup> Compagnie Parachutiste</i> (1st Parachute Company).</li> <li>May 1941: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Josephine_B" title="Operation Josephine B">Operation Josephine B</a> (destruction of six transformers at the electric plant in <a href="/wiki/Pessac" title="Pessac">Pessac</a>).</li> <li>Divided into one section assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_central_de_renseignements_et_d%27action" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau central de renseignements et d'action">BCRA</a> intelligence unit, and two other sections sent to the Middle East. <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIM-img_1026.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/RPIM-img_1026.jpg/130px-RPIM-img_1026.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/RPIM-img_1026.jpg/195px-RPIM-img_1026.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/RPIM-img_1026.jpg/260px-RPIM-img_1026.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Parachute equipment</figcaption></figure></li> <li>July 21, 1941: embarked for the Mideast, garrisoned in <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>.</li> <li>On September 25, 1941 the 1st Parachute Company became the <i>Peloton Parachutiste du <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a></i> (Parachute Platoon of the Levant) and was attached to the <a href="/wiki/French_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="French Air Force">French Air Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On October 15, 1941 the unit's name changed again, to the <i>1<sup>er</sup> Compagnie de Chasseurs Parachutistes</i>, (1<sup>er</sup> C.C.P) (1st Parachute <a href="/wiki/Chasseur" title="Chasseur">Chasseur</a> Company).</li> <li>On January 1, 1942 the unit became the French Squadron of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> under Major <a href="/wiki/David_Stirling" title="David Stirling">David Stirling</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">special forces</a> unit garrisoned at <a href="/wiki/Kibrit_Air_Base" title="Kibrit Air Base">Kibrit Air Base</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>.</li> <li>June 1942: the French SAS destroyed 20 German airplanes in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, then attacked the airports in Matouba-Derna, <a href="/wiki/Benina_International_Airport" title="Benina International Airport">Benina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barca_(ancient_city)" title="Barca (ancient city)">Barce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benghazi" title="Benghazi">Benghazi</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libyan</a> front.</li> <li>July 1942: operations in <a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a>.</li> <li>January 1943: harassed the German rear-guard in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>.</li> <li>Spring 1943: rest and training at <a href="/wiki/Camberley" title="Camberley">Camberley</a> (England).</li> <li>On July 1, 1943 the unit became the <i>1<sup>er</sup> Bataillon d'Infanterie de l'Air</i>, (1<sup>er</sup> B.I.A) (1st Air Infantry Battalion).</li> <li>In November 1943 the 1st Battalion was renamed <i>4<sup>e</sup> Bataillon d'Infanterie de l'Air</i>, (4<sup>e</sup> B.I.A) (4th Air Infantry Battalion)</li> <li>Beginning 1944: training of French SAS in Scotland. The battalion was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a>.</li> <li>Night of June 5–6: parachuted into <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a>, 36 paratroopers of the FFL in four groups (two over <a href="/wiki/Plumelec" title="Plumelec">Plumelec</a>, two over <a href="/wiki/Duault" title="Duault">Duault</a>). The sole battle casualty in Plumelec (on June 6 at 0 h 40), caporal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emile_Bou%C3%A9tard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emile Bouétard (page does not exist)">Emile Bouétard</a>, was probably the first casualty of the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord">Normandy Landing</a>.</li> <li>June 1944: combined forces with the <a href="/wiki/French_Forces_of_the_Interior" title="French Forces of the Interior">French Forces of the Interior</a> (FFI) and the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="2nd Infantry Division (United States)">2nd U.S. Division</a>.</li> <li>June 1944: fighting along with the <a href="/wiki/Maquis_de_Saint-Marcel" title="Maquis de Saint-Marcel">maquis de Saint-Marcel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morbihan" title="Morbihan">Morbihan</a> and maquis of <a href="/wiki/Duault" title="Duault">Duault</a> in <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4tes-d%27Armor" title="Côtes-d'Armor">Côtes-d'Armor</a>; a battalion (450 men) parachuted in with the <a href="/wiki/French_Forces_of_the_Interior" title="French Forces of the Interior">French Forces of the Interior</a> (FFI) 3000 total, tied up 85000 Germans in Brittany, preventing them from reaching <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a>, and joined two divisions of <a href="/wiki/George_Patton" class="mw-redirect" title="George Patton">George Patton</a>'s army on August 6.</li> <li>On July 1, 1944 the 4th Battalion was renamed <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">2<sup>e</sup> R.C.P S.A.S</a> (2nd SAS Parachute Chasseur Regiment) of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">4th SAS Regiment</a>.</li> <li>August 1944: operations and SAS participation in the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Paris" title="Liberation of Paris">Liberation of Paris</a>.</li> <li>September 11, 1944: one company took 3000 Germans prisoner.</li> <li>Autumn: rest leave in Champagne.</li> <li>November 11, 1944: the two regiments of the French SAS marched up the <a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a> in Paris before General <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> and British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> after the 2<sup>e</sup> RCP was awarded the <i>Compagnon de la Libération</i> designation (Companion of the Liberation).</li> <li>December 23, 1944: provided reinforcement in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Ardennes</a>.</li> <li>February 1945: regrouped in England.</li> <li>Night of April 7–8, 1945: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Amherst" title="Operation Amherst">Operation Amherst</a>, parachuted into the Netherlands. Fighting until the 18th.</li> <li>On August 1, 1945 the Parachute Chasseur Regiments merged completely into the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a>. The <a href="/wiki/3rd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="3rd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">3rd Parachute Chasseur Regiment</a> (3<sup>e</sup> R.C.P) or <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">3rd SAS Regiment</a> was dissolved and its components transferred to the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">2<sup>e</sup> R.C.P</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indochina_war">Indochina war</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indochina war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg/220px-French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg/330px-French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg/440px-French_sas_north_africa_1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>Members of the French Squadron of the SAS (1st Parachute Chasseur Company,<i> 1ere Compagnie de Chasseurs Parachutistes</i>, 1<sup>e</sup>CCP) during the link-up between advanced units of the 1st and 8th armies in the Gabes-Tozeur area of Tunisia. Previously a company of Free French paratroopers, the French SAS were the first of a range of units 'acquired' by Major Stirling as the SAS expanded.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_colonial_battalions">The colonial battalions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The colonial battalions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>On February 1, 1946 the 1<sup>er</sup> Battaillon de Choc S.A.S, (1<sup>e</sup> B.C-S.A.S) (1st SAS <a href="/wiki/Shock_troops" title="Shock troops">Shock</a> Battalion) was created from elements of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment">1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment</a> (1<sup>e</sup> R.C.P ) and the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment</a> (2<sup>e</sup> R.C.P).</li> <li>On February 23, 1946 the battalion became the 1<sup>er</sup> Bataillon Parachutiste S.A.S, (1<sup>e</sup> B.P-S.A.S) (1st S.A.S Parachute Battalion).</li> <li>On March 1, 1946 the 2<sup>e</sup> Battaillon de Choc S.A.S, (2<sup>e</sup> B.C-S.A.S) (2nd S.A.S shock battalion) was created from elements of the 1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment (1<sup>e</sup> R.C.P) and the 1st Shock Parachute Infantry Regiment (1<sup>e</sup> R.I.C.A.P).</li> <li>On September 25, 1947 the two S.A.S para battalions regrouped and became the 1<sup>er</sup> Bataillon Parachutiste SAS, (1<sup>e</sup> B.P-S.A.S) (1st S.A.S Parachute Battalion).</li> <li>On January 1, 1948 the battalion became the 1<sup>er</sup> Bataillon Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes, (1<sup>e</sup> B.C.C.P) (1st Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion).</li> <li>On July 4, 1948 the 1<sup>e</sup> B.C.C.P was dissolved.</li> <li>On December 7, 1949 another 1st Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (1<sup>e</sup> B.C.C.P) was created.</li> <li>On October 1, 1950 the colonial parachute commandos became the 1<sup>er</sup> Groupe Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes, (1<sup>e</sup> G.C.C.P) (1st Colonial Parachute Commando Group).</li> <li>On March 1, 1951 the parachute commando group became the 1<sup>er</sup> Bataillon de Parachutiste Coloniaux, (1<sup>e</sup> B.P.C) (1st Colonial Parachute Battalion).</li> <li>On January 19, 1952 the 1st Colonial Parachute Battalion, (1<sup>e</sup> B.P.C) was dissolved.</li> <li>On June 20, 1953 another 1st Colonial Parachute Battalion, (1<sup>er</sup> B.P.C) was created.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_colonial_brigades">The colonial brigades</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The colonial brigades"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>On July 1, 1946 the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">1<sup>er</sup> Demi-Brigade de Parachutistes SAS</a>, 1<sup>er</sup> D-B.P.SAS (1st SAS Parachute Demi-Brigade) was created in <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a> from the 1st and 2nd SAS Parachute Battalions.</li> <li>On October 1, 1947 the Demi-Brigade Coloniale de Commandos Parachutistes D-B.C.C.P (Colonial Parachute Commando Demi-Brigade) was created in Brittany.</li> <li>On October 23, 1947 the SAS Demi-Brigade became the Demi-Brigade Coloniale de Commandos Parachutistes SAS, D-B.C.C.P-S.A.S, (SAS Colonial Parachute Commando Demi-Brigade).</li> <li>In June 1948 the two demi-Brigades became: in Brittany, the 1<sup>e</sup> D-B.C.C.P and the 2<sup>e</sup> D-B.C.C.P in Indochina.</li> <li>On February 1, 1955: the 1<sup>e</sup> D-B.CCP became the Colonial Parachute Brigade ( BPC ).</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 86.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 84.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1940 to 1946"><img alt="1940 to 1946" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg/127px-Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg/191px-Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg/254px-Filiation_du_1er_RPIMa_1940-1946.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1754" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1940 to 1946</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 86.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 84.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1946 to 1955"><img alt="1946 to 1955" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg/127px-1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg/191px-1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg/254px-1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1946-55.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1754" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1946 to 1955</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 86.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 84.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1955 to 2009"><img alt="1955 to 2009" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg/127px-1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg/191px-1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg/254px-1er_RPIMa_p%C3%A9riode_1955_-_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1754" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1955 to 2009</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Indochina">Post-Indochina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Post-Indochina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b> The <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> </b> </p> <ul><li>On February 25, 1958 the B.P.C became the Brigade école des Parachutistes Coloniaux, (B.E.P.C) (Colonial Parachute Brigade Instruction Center).</li> <li>On December 1, 1958 the B.E.P.C became the Brigade de Parachutistes d'Outre-Mer, (B.P.OM) (Overseas Parachute Brigade).</li> <li>On November 1, 1960 the B.P.OM became the Brigade Parachutiste d'Infanterie de Marine, B.P.I.Ma (Marine Infantry Parachute Brigade).</li> <li>On December 31, 1961 the B.P.I.Ma was dissolved.</li></ul> <p><b>The <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiment</a> </b> </p> <ul><li>On November 1, 1960 the Center of Instruction of the 1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment was created at <a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a>.</li> <li>On January 1, 1973 the 1st Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment, 1<sup>er</sup> (R.P.I.Ma) was assigned and tasked with special operations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (December 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History,_garrisons,_campaigns_and_battles"><span id="History.2C_garrisons.2C_campaigns_and_battles"></span>History, garrisons, campaigns and battles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History, garrisons, campaigns and battles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG/300px-Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG/450px-Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG/600px-Garde_du_drapeau_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1121" data-file-height="694" /></a><figcaption> The <a href="/wiki/Color_guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Color guard">Regimental Color Guard</a> of the 1<sup>er</sup> R.P.I.Ma</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite its name, the 1er RPIMa is part of the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a>, like other <a href="/wiki/Troupes_de_Marine" class="mw-redirect" title="Troupes de Marine">Marine</a> units. The naval infantry background dates back to 1762, when units of the French Army were detached to the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> for ship-borne and overseas duties. </p><p>It is the heir to the first Colonial Parachute Commando <a href="/wiki/Demi-Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="Demi-Brigade">Demi-Brigade</a>, whose origins date back to <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Under the command of Captain <a href="/wiki/Georges_Berg%C3%A9" title="Georges Bergé">Georges Bergé</a>, the 1st Air Company was created in England on September 15, 1940 with parachute units of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a> (SAS). The 1<sup>e</sup> CCP/SAS was created in 1941 in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. From 1942 to 1944, this company was engaged in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>. </p><p>Afterwards, the company was dissolved and re-designated as an SAS Parachute Demi-Brigade from 1946 to 1949, then 1st Colonial Parachute Commando Demi-Brigade from 1949 to 1955 in <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a>. It was classified as B.P.C in Algeria from 1955 to 1958, the B.C.C.P dissolved and re-designated from 1959 to 1960 as G.I.B.P.OM then in 1960 B.P.C.I.Ma and renamed in 1962 1<sup>er</sup>R.P.I.Ma which retained the SAS emblem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Successive_garrisons">Successive garrisons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Successive garrisons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>September 1940: <a href="/wiki/RAF_Ringway" title="RAF Ringway">RAF Ringway</a> (England)</li> <li>1941: <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a> then <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>.</li> <li>1942: Kabrit on the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>.</li> <li>1943: <a href="/wiki/Camberley" title="Camberley">Camberley</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li>Following the war, in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li>1960: Creation of the 1<sup>e</sup>R.P.I.Ma and Garrison at <a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG/250px-Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG/375px-Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG/500px-Compagnies_du_1er_RPIMa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1126" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>Marching parade companies of the 1<sup>er</sup> R.P.I.Ma.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II_2">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa inherited the traditions of the two <a href="/wiki/Free_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French">Free French</a> Special Air Service (SAS) Regiments that served with distinction alongside the British <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">SAS Brigade</a> during World War II. On September 15, 1940, General <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> signed the activation order of the 1ère Compagnie d'Infanterie de l'Air (1ère CIA) of the <a href="/wiki/Free_French_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Free French Forces">Free French Forces</a>, or 1st Free French Airborne Infantry Company, under the command of Captain Bergé. </p><p>The 1ère CIA began operational missions, parachuting into occupied France in March 1941. The company was then split into two units, a <a href="/wiki/Covert_operation" title="Covert operation">covert action</a> unit used for clandestine operations and a conventional and uniformed company sent to <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> in September 1941 to fight <a href="/wiki/Axis_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis Forces">Axis Forces</a> along with British Forces. </p><p>A very good relationship was quickly established between Captain Bergé and Major <a href="/wiki/David_Stirling" title="David Stirling">Stirling</a>, the commander of the newly created Special Air Service (SAS); the French detachment was soon incorporated into the SAS and became the French Squadron. From 1942 to 1943, the French SAS roamed the region, ranging as far as Crete hunting down Axis forces and destroying their aircraft and supply dumps. In November 1943, the 3rd and 4th Air Infantry were created and incorporated into the SAS Brigade along with their British and Belgian counterparts, the 1st and 2nd SAS Regiments. </p><p>The Free French SAS took an important part in the liberation of Europe. In <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a>, a little after midnight on <a href="/wiki/D-Day" class="mw-redirect" title="D-Day">D-Day</a>, June 6, 1944, <a href="/wiki/Caporal_(military_rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caporal (military rank)">Caporal</a> Emile Bouétard (born in Brittany, 1915) was the first soldier killed in action in <a href="/wiki/Plumelec" title="Plumelec">Plumelec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morbihan" title="Morbihan">Morbihan</a>. On August 1, 1944, the 3rd and 4th Air Infantry battalions were renamed the 2nd and 3rd Chasseur Parachute battalions. As a reward for their bravery, King <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a> awarded the Free French SAS the right to wear the red beret of the British SAS, which replaced the black beret worn until then. As the war drew to a close, 52 French SAS "sticks" (705 men) were parachuted into the Netherlands on April 7, 1945, causing major havoc in the rear areas of German occupation forces and easing pressure on the forward thrust of the <a href="/wiki/II_Canadian_Corps" title="II Canadian Corps">2nd Canadian Army Corps</a>. </p><p>The Free French SAS took a major part in the epic battles<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (August 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> of the SAS in Africa, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany, earning French and foreign awards (including many British <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Order" title="Distinguished Service Order">DSOs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Cross" title="Military Cross">MCs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_Medal" title="Military Medal">MMs</a>). The regimental colours of the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa have also been decorated with the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Star_Medal" title="Bronze Star Medal">Bronze Star Medal</a>, the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Cross_(Netherlands)" title="Bronze Cross (Netherlands)">Bronze Cross</a> and the Belgian <a href="/wiki/Croix_de_Guerre" title="Croix de Guerre">Croix de Guerre</a>. Today, this SAS heritage is still evident in its regimental motto "Qui Ose Gagne" ("Who Dares Wins") and in the awarding of the RAPAS Wings, reminiscent of the wartime SAS "Operational Wings" that can only be awarded to 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa operators after they have successfully passed a series of strict selection requirements, including operational deployments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1945–1974"><span id="1945.E2.80.931974"></span>1945–1974</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1945–1974"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg/250px-Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg/375px-Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg/500px-Paul_D%C3%A9trie_-_Obs%C3%A8ques_Bayonne_1962.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1590" data-file-height="1122" /></a><figcaption>1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa in Bayonne, 1962</figcaption></figure> <p>Between 1945 and 1954 the unit that was later to become the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa after a series of name changes, took part in the war in Indochina, performing several of the more than 160 combat jumps carried out by French paratroopers during that conflict. After the war, the regiment underwent structural changes and became a training depot for the entire colonial airborne forces. As such, it did not take part in the Algerian conflict. </p><p>In 1960 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa was created. It continued in the training role until 1974, when the 1er RPIMa was transformed into a Special Forces unit, a role it still plays today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1974–2006"><span id="1974.E2.80.932006"></span>1974–2006</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1974–2006"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The unit's mission has been mostly to support France's interests in Africa. Between 1974 and 1981, the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa underwent another mission change to focus on long-range <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> patrols for almost a decade, while it still used its training skills to training friendly forces abroad. </p><p>In the 80s and 90s the regiment deployed dozens of times to various hotspots on the planet. While engaged in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Desert Storm">Operation Desert Storm</a>, the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa lost two of its men in Iraq in 1991. </p><p>A year later, the creation of the French <a href="/wiki/Commandement_des_Op%C3%A9rations_Sp%C3%A9ciales" class="mw-redirect" title="Commandement des Opérations Spéciales">Special Operations Command</a> (Commandement des Opérations Spéciales, COS) led to a major shake-up of French special forces units to incorporate the <a href="/wiki/Lessons_learned" title="Lessons learned">lessons learned</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">First Gulf War</a>. As part of this process, in 1997, the nucleus of what was to become the army's BFST (Brigade des Forces Spéciales Terre) (Land Special Forces Brigade) was created and the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa became its core unit. All the while, the regiment participated in operations in the Balkans and in Africa; it was specifically involved in stalking war criminals in <a href="/wiki/Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia">Bosnia</a>, leading to several successful arrests of individuals indicted for <a href="/wiki/War_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes">war crimes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_deployment">Current deployment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Current deployment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_infanterie_de_marine.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Insigne_infanterie_de_marine.png" decoding="async" width="121" height="172" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="121" data-file-height="172" /></a><figcaption>Shoulder insignia</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa is a modern, highly skilled and experienced Special Forces unit organized along company lines which is part of the <a href="/wiki/French_Army_Special_Forces_Command" title="French Army Special Forces Command">French Army Special Forces Command</a> (COM FST). The main strength of the regiment lies in its three RAPAS companies (RAPAS meaning Airborne Reconnaissance and Special Action) each specialised in a specific field such as <a href="/wiki/High-altitude_military_parachuting" title="High-altitude military parachuting">HAHO/HALO</a>, Counter-Terrorism, amphibious, jungle, mountain or motorized patrols operations and its RAPAS Signal company dedicated to C3 (Command, Control and Communications) support for Special Operations. </p><p>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa also fields a Training and Operations company tasked with providing selection, basic and continuation training of the unit's manpower and a logistics company which supports the regiment in its daily and operational missions. As the unit was inspired by the British <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a>, it has still much in common with them, including missions and capabilities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unit_specialization">Unit specialization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Unit specialization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>CTLO (Counter-terrorism and hostage rescue teams)</li> <li>GDC (Garde du Corps)</li> <li>THP/TELD (Tireurs Haute Précision / Tireur d'élite longue distance, snipers)</li> <li>SCO (Paratrooper – SAS Chuteurs Opérationnels)</li> <li>PAT SAS (motorized patrols. Patrouilles SAS)</li> <li>SPO (SAS Plongeurs Offensifs, offensive divers)</li> <li>Mountain, arctic, desert, and jungle warfare</li> <li>Explosives and demolitions</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation_and_structure">Organisation and structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Organisation and structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to its long history with the <a href="/wiki/British_Special_Air_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="British Special Air Service">British Special Air Service</a> much of the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMA core aspects are based upon the British SAS. Each company specializes in a particular area. </p> <ul><li>Four main RAPAS (Airborne Reconnaissance and Special Action) combat companies: <ul><li>1<sup>e</sup> Compagnie: Paratroopers, <a href="/wiki/HAHO" class="mw-redirect" title="HAHO">HAHO</a> <a href="/wiki/HALO_jump" class="mw-redirect" title="HALO jump">HALO</a>, counter-terrorism, and bodyguards</li> <li>2<sup>e</sup> Compagnie: Mountain, arctic, desert and jungle warfare</li> <li>3<sup>e</sup> Compagnie: Motorized patrols</li> <li>4<sup>e</sup> Compagnie: Counter terrorism, hostage rescue, and reconnaissance in urban areas</li></ul></li></ul> <p>There is also one command and logistics company and a training and operations company which is in charge of recruiting, and initial and continuing training. </p><p>Each company is split in RAPAS sections. Each section includes 30 men. </p><p>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa is based in <a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a>, which makes amphibious and mountain training possible. This location is also ideal due to its proximity to the Centre d'Entrainement Adaptée (CTA), Europe's largest and most modern Close Quarter Battle (CQB) facility and to the dedicated assets of the French army's Special Forces Aviation Detachment (DAOS) and airborne school (ETAP), both establishments that are essential to its training and operations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weapons_and_equipment">Weapons and equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Weapons and equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main weapon used by the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa is the <a href="/wiki/HK416" class="mw-redirect" title="HK416">HK416</a> 5.56x45mm assault rifle. Besides this, <a href="/wiki/SIG_SG_550" title="SIG SG 550">SIG 550</a>, <a href="/wiki/M4_carbine" title="M4 carbine">M4</a> and <a href="/wiki/FN_SCAR" title="FN SCAR">FN SCAR</a> assault rifles are also used by French Army Special Forces. Sometimes <a href="/wiki/M203_grenade_launcher" title="M203 grenade launcher">M203</a> or <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK69A1" title="Heckler & Koch HK69A1">HK69</a> grenade launchers are also used. For CQB the <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_MP5" title="Heckler & Koch MP5">MP5</a> series and <a href="/wiki/FN_P90" title="FN P90">FN P90</a> are used as the main weapons, the 10.4 inches version of the HK416 is also sometimes used. The <a href="/wiki/Glock" title="Glock">Glock 17</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_USP" title="Heckler & Koch USP">H&K USP</a> are the standard sidearm carried by the soldiers. The <a href="/wiki/ARWEN_37" title="ARWEN 37">ARWEN 37</a> mm grenade launcher is used in CQB work to launch CS gas into buildings. The <a href="/wiki/Benelli_M4" title="Benelli M4">Benelli M4</a> shotgun is also used during CQB, to take down doors. <a href="/wiki/FN_Minimi" title="FN Minimi">FN Minimi</a> is used as light machine gun, 5.56mm and 7.62mm, and snipers use the <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK417" title="Heckler & Koch HK417">HK417</a> or <a href="/wiki/PGM_H%C3%A9cate_II" title="PGM Hécate II">Hecate II rifles</a>. Sometimes MILAN missiles have been used in combat to provide fire support. </p><p>They wear standard French camouflage and webbing, except when doing CT/HR/CQB work. CQB kit includes a black balaclava, black nomex coveralls, non-slip boots, special webbing and holsters, medical kit for teams medics, gas masks, and special communications equipment. </p><p>VPS Panhard VPS (Véhicule Patrouille SAS), based on the Mercedes-Benz 270 CDI G-Class 4x4 light tactical vehicle, is the vehicle used by French Army Special Forces. It is a rapidly deployable vehicle capable of long-duration missions in extremes of climate. An armored floor provides anti-landmine protection to the crew and VPS is air transportable by <a href="/wiki/Transall_C-160" title="Transall C-160">C-160 Transall</a> or <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">C-130 Hercules.</a> In the French Army the VPS is equipped with 360° ring-mount over the rear body which is armed with a Browning 12.7mm heavy machine gun or Gatling machine gun. One more 7.62mm machine is mounted on swivel station at the front of the crew compartment which is operated by the vehicle commander. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skills">Skills</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Skills"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa is tasked with several jobs. These include: bodyguard for VIPs in conflict areas, direct action, <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sabotage" title="Sabotage">sabotage</a>, unconventional warfare and hostage rescue. While their name states they are Marine Infantry, they are in fact Army. </p><p>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa relies on a number of skills to successfully carry out its missions. Most skills are either regiment or brigade-specific and need constant honing to be kept at the desired level of proficiency. They can be divided into several generic fields: </p> <ul><li><b>The RAPAS (Airborne Reconnaissance and Special Action) basic skills</b> <ul><li>RAPAS skill training is given to enlisted men and NCOs after they have completed a series of organic and basic regimental courses</li> <li>Basic training leading to the first rung of the RAPAS ladder is the elementary RAPAS technical certificate, which takes six months to earn.</li> <li>RAPAS training covers all the basics of special forces functions and is complemented by specific courses (marking out <a href="/wiki/Drop_zone" title="Drop zone">drop zones</a> (DZ) and <a href="/wiki/Landing_zone" title="Landing zone">landing zone</a> (LZ), basic and advanced <a href="/wiki/Close_quarters_combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Close quarters combat">close quarters combat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sniping" class="mw-redirect" title="Sniping">sniping</a>...)</li> <li>A RAPAS group is led by a senior <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officer</a> or a lieutenant. NCOs are generally former enlisted men who rose from the ranks of the regiment, while officers come from various specialized schools (mostly Infantry, Armour and Engineer) before following a specific course complemented by on-the-job training.</li> <li>When fully qualified and operational, a RAPAS team member reaches the rank of <a href="/wiki/Caporal_(military_rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caporal (military rank)">Caporal-chef</a> (Master Corporal), and has been in the regiment for five years and spent more than two thirds of that taking classes, has been deployed in real-world operations, probably once a year.</li></ul></li> <li><b>Air insertion</b> <ul><li>Parachute operations: each member of the regiment is static-line parachute qualified using some specific low-altitude (125 meters) dropping techniques. The 1er RPIMa can also field different teams proficient in both <a href="/wiki/High_altitude_military_parachuting" class="mw-redirect" title="High altitude military parachuting">HAHO and HALO</a> techniques. Each company has HALO capability.</li> <li>Helicopter operations: Fast-roping and helicopter rappelling, special purpose infiltration and extraction rigs, LZ marking, special operation procedures, helicopter fire support, helicopter-borne sniper support, light helicopter insertion and extraction</li> <li>Air delivery: the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa is unique in the way it has integrated air delivery component with teams able to rig and airdrop light to heavy loads and pallets in support of special operations from cargo aircraft of dedicated special operations division of the French air force.</li></ul></li> <li><b>Amphibious operations</b> <ul><li>Open circuit breathing apparatus: the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa can field a complete open air circuit (scuba) team for beach recce or riverine operations using light crafts, including kayaks</li> <li>Closed circuit breathing apparatus: the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa can field a complete closed circuit team for covert underwater missions. This team is not a combat diver team; its purpose is to use waterways as another infiltration method.</li></ul></li> <li><b>Motorised operations</b> <ul><li>True to their SAS ancestors, the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa has always maintained a motorized patrol capability. It currently centres on PATSAS patrols that are tasked with developing and refining the methods and equipment needed for such operations. In addition to the PATSAS, each RAPAS company fields several motorised RAPAS groups. The mounts of motorised patrols are modified Peugeot P4s, Mercedes VPS and ACMAT VLRA trucks, all fitted with machine guns, automatic cannons, mortars, AGLs or ATGWs.</li> <li>The Special Recce Patrols (PRS): Having understood with time and experience that it is always better to act on intelligence which had been gathered and analyzed by operators that intimately know which method of operation would be best used by the action groups, the 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa has decided to include in its specialized teams the PRS concept. The PRS are infiltrated ahead of the action teams and provide real time intelligence on the target area. The information gathered by the PRS is then transmitted by a variety of secure means to the command level which then disseminates it to the action groups.</li></ul></li> <li><b>Counter Terrorism</b> <ul><li>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa can field several CT teams, all backed by specialized sniper teams proficient in calibers ranging from 5.56 mm to 12.7 mm (.50 cal)</li> <li>All ranks of the company are CT trained</li> <li>The Regiment benefits from proximity to the Centre d'Entraînement Adapté (CTA), Europe's largest and most modern CQB facility (CQB = Close Quarters Battle or Killing House). The CTA is located in Pau and offers unmatched live firing capabilities for all sorts of CT scenarios.</li> <li>The CQB skills are kept honed to a high level thanks to regular training in the CTA and cross training with French and Allied CT units.</li></ul></li> <li><b>Bodyguard teams</b> <ul><li>The 1<sup>er</sup> RPIMa has been involved in bodyguard duties for the last 25 years.</li> <li>The Regiment only provides Bodyguard teams to high-ranking officials at theater level.</li> <li>A fully qualified RAPAS team member is also Bodyguard qualified</li></ul></li> <li><b>Jungle, desert and mountain operations</b> <ul><li>So as to prepare RAPAS units of the 1er RPIMa for operations over difficult terrain it can use French and foreign training centers on the world</li> <li>Mountain, jungle and desert training exercises are scheduled every year</li> <li>RAPAS team members are sent regularly as permanent instructors to jungle and desert schools in French Guiana or friendly African countries</li> <li>Every year, the Regiment sends some of its members to foreign schools to improve its tactics and procedures in hostile environments (jungle, bush...)</li> <li>A regular influx of experienced NCOs volunteering from the French 27th Mountain Infantry Brigade keeps the Regiment up-to-date on modern mountaineering techniques</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selection_and_training">Selection and training</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Selection and training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Officers and NCOs joining the regiment have to attend the same selection and training as enlisted personnel. </p><p>Enlisted soldiers in the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> can try to join super RPIMA, between their first and third years of active duty. </p><p>First step is a profile selection: Candidates will be selected regarding unit requirements and personal file (e.g. if the regiment needs some mountain specialists, they will ask for more mountain troopers to come for the selection). Candidates selected must attend the two weeks basic airborne training prior the SF training, for those who are not already enlisted in an airborne regiment. </p><p>Second step of selection is "adaptation training" and "stage commando" lasting twelve weeks. Candidates must be above average to continue the training. Most cases of failure and RTU occur during this phase. </p><p>The last step of selection is the "stage CTE RAPAS" lasting six months. After completion of this "stage", candidates are fully assigned to the regiment as special force soldier. They will attend additional training to become specialists (bodyguards, pathfinders, etc.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traditions">Traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anniversary_of_the_Troupes_de_Marine">Anniversary of the Troupes de Marine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Anniversary of the Troupes de Marine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The anniversary is celebrated of fighting in <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bazeilles" title="Battle of Bazeilles">Bazeilles</a>, a village which was taken and abandoned four consecutive times under orders, on August 31 and September 1, 1870. </p> <dl><dt><i>Et au Nom de Dieu, vive la coloniale !</i></dt></dl> <p><i> In the Name of God, long live the colonial !</i> </p><p>The Marsouins and the Bigors have for Saint, God. This war calling concludes intimate ceremonies which part life in the regiments. Often also at origin as an act of grace to <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Foucauld" title="Charles de Foucauld">Charles de Foucauld</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patron_Saint">Patron Saint</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Patron Saint"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Saint-Michael</a>: As a paratrooper regiment, the 1<sup>er</sup> R.P.I.Ma celebrates each year on September 29, the Patron-Saint of Paratroopers. This celebration gives rise to various events with veterans. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Motto">Motto</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Motto"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>« Who dares wins » is the general motto of the British <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">SAS</a>, translated in French to « Qui ose gagne ». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Insignia">Insignia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 88.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 86.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_de_La_Brigade_des_forces_sp%C3%A9ciales_terre.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Insignia French Army Special Forces Brigade"><img alt="Insignia French Army Special Forces Brigade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Insigne_de_La_Brigade_des_forces_sp%C3%A9ciales_terre.gif/130px-Insigne_de_La_Brigade_des_forces_sp%C3%A9ciales_terre.gif" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Insigne_de_La_Brigade_des_forces_sp%C3%A9ciales_terre.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="222" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Insignia <a href="/wiki/French_Army_Special_Forces_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="French Army Special Forces Brigade">French Army Special Forces Brigade</a></div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 184px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 182px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_de_la_1%C2%B0_CCP.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Insignia of the 1st Parachute Chasseur Company 1er C.C.P"><img alt="Insignia of the 1st Parachute Chasseur Company 1er C.C.P" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Insigne_de_la_1%C2%B0_CCP.JPG/273px-Insigne_de_la_1%C2%B0_CCP.JPG" decoding="async" width="182" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Insigne_de_la_1%C2%B0_CCP.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="212" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Insignia of the 1st Parachute Chasseur Company 1<sup>er</sup> C.C.P</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 76px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 74px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Insignia of the 2e R.C.P, 1e B.C.C.P S.A.S, 1e B.P.C"><img alt="Insignia of the 2e R.C.P, 1e B.C.C.P S.A.S, 1e B.P.C" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg/111px-Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg/167px-Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg/223px-Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP_SAS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="574" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Insignia of the <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">2<sup>e</sup> R.C.P</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">1<sup>e</sup> B.C.C.P S.A.S</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">1<sup>e</sup> B.P.C</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Insignia of the 1e B.C.C.P"><img alt="Insignia of the 1e B.C.C.P" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg/136px-Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg/203px-Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg/271px-Insigne_du_1%C2%B0_BCCP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="370" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Insignia of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">1<sup>e</sup> B.C.C.P</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Parachute Brevet"><img alt="Parachute Brevet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg/280px-Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg/419px-Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg/559px-Brevet_Parachutiste.jpg 2x" data-file-width="621" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">Parachute Brevet</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 100.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 98.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beret insignia of para T.D.M"><img alt="Beret insignia of para T.D.M" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg/148px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg/221px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg/295px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="328" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Beret insignia of para T.D.M</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Previous beret insignia of para T.D.M"><img alt="Previous beret insignia of para T.D.M" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg/180px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg/269px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg/359px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret_mod%C3%A8le_1962.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Previous beret insignia of para T.D.M</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 86px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 84px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_infanterie_de_marine.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Shoulder Insignia"><img alt="Shoulder Insignia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Insigne_infanterie_de_marine.png" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="121" data-file-height="172" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shoulder Insignia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regimental_Colors">Regimental Colors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Regimental Colors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The unit is the only parachute regiments of the <a href="/wiki/Troupes_de_marine" title="Troupes de marine">Marines</a> to wear purple berets as opposed to the standard red beret of other units.</p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg/125px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg/188px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg/250px-Parachutistes_coloniaux-b%C3%A9ret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="328" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg/250px-1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg/375px-1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg/500px-1er_r%C3%A9giment_parachutiste_d%27infanterie_de_marine_-_drapeau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Regimental Colors of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">1<sup>e</sup>R.P.I.Ma</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honors">Honors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Battle_honours">Battle honours</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Battle honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The list of operations shows a world-wide commitment since it ranges from Afghanistan to Africa and the Balkans. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libye 1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisia Campaign">Sud Tunisien 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_II)#1944:_Liberation_of_France_and_Belgium" title="Western Front (World War II)">France 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Ardennes Belges 1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Hollande 1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War" title="First Indochina War">Indochine 1946-1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Koweït 1990–1991</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Libyan civil war">2011 Libyan civil war</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decorations">Decorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most decorated French and allied unit of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a> </p> <ul><li>Croix de la <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'honneur">Légion d'honneur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordre de la Libération">Ordre de la Libération</a> as heir to the 2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment of the Air Force, the regiment bears wearing the decoration bestowed on November 11, 1944 by général <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>, under the <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a> at <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> to the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">2<sup>e</sup> R.C.P</a> of the Air Force.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_1939-1945" class="mw-redirect" title="Croix de guerre 1939-1945">Croix de guerre 1939-1945</a> with 6 palms.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_des_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tres_d%27op%C3%A9rations_ext%C3%A9rieures" title="Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures">Croix de guerre des Théâtres d'opérations extérieurs (T.O.E)</a> with 3 palms.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_la_Valeur_militaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Croix de la Valeur militaire">Croix de la Valeur militaire</a> avec 3 palms.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Lion" title="Bronze Lion">Bronze Lion</a>.</li></ul> <p>The officers and members of this regiment wear one of four <a href="/wiki/Fourrag%C3%A8re" title="Fourragère">Fourragères</a>: </p> <ul><li>The Fourragère bearing colors of the Légion d'Honneur <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">1<sup>re</sup> Brigade de Parachutistes Coloniaux</a></li> <li>The fourragere bearing colors of the Croix des T.O.E</li> <li>The fourragere bearing colors of the Valeur Militaire</li> <li>The fourragere bearing colors of the Croix de la libération (since June 18, 1996).( that of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment">2<sup>e</sup> R.C.P</a>).</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Fourragère bearing colors of the légion d'honneur"><img alt="Fourragère bearing colors of the légion d'honneur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png/54px-Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png" decoding="async" width="54" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png/82px-Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png/109px-Fourrag%C3%A8re_LH.png 2x" data-file-width="1552" data-file-height="3408" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fourragère bearing colors of the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'honneur">légion d'honneur</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fourragère bearing of the Ordre de la Libération"><img alt="Fourragère bearing of the Ordre de la Libération" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg/90px-Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg/135px-Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg/180px-Fourragere_Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fourragère bearing of the <a href="/wiki/Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordre de la Libération">Ordre de la Libération</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fourragère bearing colors of the Croix de guerre des T.O.E"><img alt="Fourragère bearing colors of the Croix de guerre des T.O.E" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg/58px-Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg" decoding="async" width="58" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg/88px-Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg/117px-Fourrag%C3%A8re_CG_TOE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1810" data-file-height="3703" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fourragère bearing colors of the <a href="/wiki/Croix_de_guerre_des_th%C3%A9%C3%A2tres_d%27op%C3%A9rations_ext%C3%A9rieures" title="Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieures">Croix de guerre des T.O.E</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units" title="List of French paratrooper units">List of French paratrooper units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Parachute_Chasseur_Regiment" title="1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment">1st Parachute Chasseur Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Range_Desert_Group" title="Long Range Desert Group">Long Range Desert Group</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <i>Paras de la France libre</i> (Paras of Free France), page 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <i>Histoire des parachutistes français</i> (History of French Paratroopers), page 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Édition Chronologique n° 45 du 29 octobre 2010".Le Ministère de la Défense instruction n°1515/DEF/EMA/OL/2 du 23 septembre 1983, modifiée, sur les filiations et l'héritage des traditions des unités; décision n°010318/DEF/CAB/SDBG/CPAG du 15 juillet 2008 portant création d'une commission des emblèmes. Art 1er. L'inscription "Koweït 1990-1991" est attribuée aux drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées énumérées ci-dessous. 2e R.E.I, 1er R.E.C, 6e R.E.G, 3e R.I.Ma, 1er R.P.I.Ma, 11e R.A.Ma, 4e Régiment de dragon, 1er Régiment de Spahis, 6e Régiment de Commandement et de Soutien, 1er R.H.C, 3e R.H.C, puis les formations de l'Armée de l'Air les 5e, 7e, 11e escadre de chasse, la 33e escadre de reconnaissance et les 61e et 64e escadre de transport. Le présent arrêté sera publié au bulletin officiel des armées, Hervé Morin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.france-phaleristique.com/lh.htm">Collectivité décorées de la Légion d'honneur, 1er brigade de parachutistes coloniaux</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100105140300/http://www.france-phaleristique.com/lh.htm">Archived</a> January 5, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - Ordre de la Légion d'honneur, France-Phaleristique.com</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShortt1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Shortt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Shortt (page does not exist)">Shortt, James</a> (1981). <i>The Special Air Service</i>. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85045-396-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85045-396-8"><bdi>0-85045-396-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Special+Air+Service&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-85045-396-8&rft.aulast=Shortt&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1st+Marine+Infantry+Parachute+Regiment" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Marine_Infantry_Parachute_Regiment&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070125010643/http://www.rpima1.terre.defense.gouv.fr/index.html">1er RPIMa Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quiosegagne.asso.fr/">QUI OSE GAGNE: Association des Anciens Parachutistes Troupe de Marine et anciens de la Brigade des Parachutistes Coloniaux héritiers des S.A.S</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131215101053/http://www.quiosegagne.asso.fr/">Archived</a> 2013-12-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quiosegagne.asso.fr/history/1st-rpima-today">QUI OSE GAGNE: Association des Anciens Parachutistes Troupe de Marine et anciens de la Brigade des Parachutistes Coloniaux héritiers des S.A.S</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210801101058/http://www.quiosegagne.asso.fr/history/1st-rpima-today">Archived</a> 2021-08-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>QUI OSE GAGNE: Association des Anciens Parachutistes Troupe de Marine et anciens de la Brigade des Parachutistes Coloniaux héritiers des S.A.S</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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