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</div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-中華" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">一</span> <span>中華</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-朝鮮" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#朝鮮"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二</span> <span>朝鮮</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-朝鮮-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">三</span> <span>日本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-據" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#據"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">四</span> <span>據</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-據-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">姓氏</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有九五種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">九五種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van" title="Van – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Van" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9" title="اسم العائلة – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اسم العائلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icinikasowin" title="Icinikasowin – 阿提卡梅克語" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Icinikasowin" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="阿提卡梅克語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyad" title="Soyad – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Soyad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D8%AF" title="سوی‌آد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوی‌آد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фамилия – 巴什喀爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фамилия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什喀爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavardie" title="Pavardie – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Pavardie" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apelyido" title="Apelyido – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Apelyido" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Прозвішча – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прозвішча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Прозьвішча – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прозьвішча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Фамилно име – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фамилно име" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF" title="পদবি – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পদবি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anv-tiegezh" title="Anv-tiegezh – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Anv-tiegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marga_Mandahiling" title="Marga Mandahiling – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Marga Mandahiling" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognom" title="Cognom – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cognom" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88" title="نازناو – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نازناو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADjmen%C3%AD" title="Příjmení – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Příjmení" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B4zw%C3%ABsk%C3%B2" title="Nôzwëskò – 卡舒布文" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Nôzwëskò" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Хушамат – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хушамат" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sl%C3%A6gtsnavn" title="Slægtsnavn – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Slægtsnavn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familienname" title="Familienname – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Familienname" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BF" title="Επώνυμο – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επώνυμο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surname" title="Surname – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surname" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familia_nomo" title="Familia nomo – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Familia nomo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apellido" title="Apellido – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Apellido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perekonnanimi" title="Perekonnanimi – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Perekonnanimi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deitura" title="Deitura – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Deitura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="نام خانوادگی – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نام خانوادگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukunimi" title="Sukunimi – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sukunimi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4%C3%A4rnimi" title="Väärnimi – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Väärnimi" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nom_de_famille" title="Nom de famille – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nom de famille" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloinne" title="Sloinne – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sloinne" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F%E7%AE%8B%E9%87%8B" title="姓氏箋釋 – 贛語" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="姓氏箋釋" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="贛語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apelido" title="Apelido – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Apelido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9D_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%97%D7%94" title="שם משפחה – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שם משפחה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="उपनाम – 印地文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपनाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezime" title="Prezime – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prezime" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%B3jbne_mjeno" title="Swójbne mjeno – 上索布文" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Swójbne mjeno" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non_fanmi" title="Non fanmi – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Non fanmi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csal%C3%A1dn%C3%A9v" title="Családnév – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Családnév" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ազգանուն – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ազգանուն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մականուն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մականուն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marga" title="Marga – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Marga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ah%C3%A0_nn%C3%A0" title="Ahà nnà – 伊布文" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ahà nnà" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familionomo" title="Familionomo – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Familionomo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognome" title="Cognome – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cognome" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="გვარი – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გვარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1lyoot_a%CC%B1tyia%CC%B1" title="A̱lyoot a̱tyia̱ – 卡塔布文" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱lyoot a̱tyia̱" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA,_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0-%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA,_%D3%99%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Тек, ата-тек, әулет есім – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тек, ата-тек, әулет есім" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%94%A8" title="성씨 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="성씨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زات – 喀什米爾文" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="زات" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="喀什米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%9Fnav" title="Paşnav – 庫德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Paşnav" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkunya" title="Alkunya – 拉迪諾文" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Alkunya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪諾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familljennumm" title="Familljennumm – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Familljennumm" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzv%C4%81rds" title="Uzvārds – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Uzvārds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BB%D3%B1%D0%BC" title="Тукымлӱм – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Тукымлӱм" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="आडनाव – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आडनाव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nama_keluarga" title="Nama keluarga – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nama keluarga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%AA_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85" title="گت نوم – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گت نوم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familiennaam" title="Familiennaam – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Familiennaam" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82" title="उपनां – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="उपनां" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familienaam" title="Familienaam – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Familienaam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slektsnamn" title="Slektsnamn – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Slektsnamn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slektsnavn" title="Slektsnavn – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slektsnavn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nom_d%E2%80%99ostal" title="Nom d’ostal – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nom d’ostal" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Мыггаг – 奧塞提文" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мыггаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奧塞提文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazwisko" title="Nazwisko – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nazwisko" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogn%C3%B2m_piemont%C3%A8is" title="Cognòm piemontèis – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Cognòm piemontèis" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobrenome" title="Sobrenome – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sobrenome" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nume_de_familie" title="Nume de familie – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nume de familie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фамилия – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фамилия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Призвиско – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Призвиско" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ذات – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ذات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezime" title="Prezime – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prezime" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_name" title="Family name – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Family name" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priezvisko" title="Priezvisko – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Priezvisko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazita_eMhuri" title="Mazita eMhuri – 紹納文" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mazita eMhuri" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="紹納文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Презиме – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Презиме" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familjenamn" title="Familjenamn – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Familjenamn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="குடும்பப் பெயர் – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குடும்பப் பெயர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఇంటి పేర్లు – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇంటి పేర్లు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Насаб – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Насаб" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5" title="นามสกุล – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นามสกุล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apelyido" title="Apelyido – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Apelyido" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyad%C4%B1" title="Soyadı – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Soyadı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5" title="Прізвище – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Прізвище" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familiya" title="Familiya – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Familiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D" title="Họ – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Họ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_d%27_famile" title="No d' famile – 瓦隆文" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="No d' famile" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F" title="姓氏 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="姓氏" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A2-%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%9F" title="פאמיליע-נאמען – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאמיליע-נאמען" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or%C3%BAk%E1%BB%8D_%C3%ACd%C3%ADl%C3%A9" title="Orúkọ ìdílé – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Orúkọ ìdílé" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F" title="姓氏 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="姓氏" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%AB-s%C3%A8%E2%81%BF" title="Jī-sèⁿ – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Jī-sèⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外觀"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外觀</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--unchecked"></span><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">今本</a></b>（此為底本，未經審校）</indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">文出維基大典</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">頁面版本狀態</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">該頁面尚未檢查</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="關閉" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">此為底本，未經<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">審校</a>。</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lzh" dir="ltr"><p><b>姓氏</b>，人所以分宗族，定倫理者也。四方自有其法，遂分述焉。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="中華"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF"></span>中華</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&section=1" title="所纂章名：中華"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中華向以姓為源流，以氏為宗號，氏古唯王公貴族有之。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%A4%8F" title="華夏">夏</a>姓多從女，如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%AC%E5%A7%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姬姓（查無此頁）">姬</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%9A%E5%A7%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姚姓（查無此頁）">姚</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AA%AF%E5%A7%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="媯姓（查無此頁）">媯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9C%E5%A7%93" title="姜姓">姜</a>，而<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%90%E5%A7%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="子姓（查無此頁）">子</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E5%A7%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="風姓（查無此頁）">風</a>不從者，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E5%A4%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東夷（查無此頁）">東夷</a>也。夫姓從女，其本一母也。五帝以降，有立功業，建諸侯者，別創氏號，以為姓之支也。同姓者，猶以其一家，不相婚也。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>一<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8" title="周">東周</a>天下混亂，列國墜，諸子布衣，姓氏之稱乃成於黎民。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6" title="秦">秦</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2" title="漢">漢</a>以降，姓合於氏，遂以同氏不婚焉。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E9%AD%8F" title="曹魏">魏</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89" title="晉">晉</a>間門閥興，有以姓氏定人高下者，又同姓以郡望為分者。時人乃考其姓氏，追本溯源，以求一顯，雖<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五胡（查無此頁）">五胡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%90" title="天子">天子</a>亦然。<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E8%B6%99" title="漢趙">漢趙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AE%8B" title="劉宋">劉宋</a>以其<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2" title="漢">漢</a>後也；<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%BD%8A" title="南齊">南齊</a>以其漢相國<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E4%BD%95" title="蕭何">蕭何</a>後也；<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B" title="隋">隋</a>以其<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%8A%E6%B0%8F" title="弘農楊氏">弘農楊氏</a>後也；<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90" title="唐">唐</a>以其<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%B4%E8%A5%BF%E6%9D%8E%E6%B0%8F" title="隴西李氏">隴西李氏</a>後也，不一而足。及唐世，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E8%88%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科舉（查無此頁）">科舉</a>興，高門墜。而溯本之風，傳而不廢。 </p><p>女子嫁，多以夫姓冠己姓，稱某某氏，其閨字不復示諸外人。及至<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="民國">民國</a>，倡男女平等，多有以本名顯與世者，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8B%E7%91%BE" title="秋瑾">秋瑾</a>輩。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中華人民共和國">共和國</a>立，盡廢舊禮，女子皆用父姓，雖嫁而不更矣。於<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">港</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3" title="臺灣">臺</a>，則多以夫姓冠姓名前，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E7%BE%8E%E9%BD%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宋美齡（查無此頁）">蔣宋美齡</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%B3%E9%A6%AE%E5%AF%8C%E7%8F%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陳馮富珍（查無此頁）">陳馮富珍</a>等，皆從此法也。 </p><p>姓由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="家族（查無此頁）">族</a>，名由親長，稀妄易。「大丈夫行不更名，坐不改姓。」是之謂也。華人先姓而後名，彰家、國也。<sup id="cite_ref-巫_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-巫-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>二<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>今者，同宗立<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%A0%E5%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="祠堂（查無此頁）">祠堂</a>於鄉中。遷徙至遠，亦不忘祖。示孝道也。今中華有姓氏四千七百餘，以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王氏（查無此頁）">王</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="李氏（查無此頁）">李</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%B5%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="張氏（查無此頁）">張</a>為多也。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="朝鮮"><span id=".E6.9C.9D.E9.AE.AE"></span>朝鮮</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&section=2" title="所纂章名：朝鮮"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="朝鮮半島">朝鮮</a>漢化至深，其姓氏郡望之法，多類中華焉。今有姓氏二百餘，以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金氏（查無此頁）">金</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%8E%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="李氏（查無此頁）">李</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B4%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朴氏（查無此頁）">朴</a>為多。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="日本"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>日本</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&section=3" title="所纂章名：日本"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>日本先氏而後姓。蓋上古之時，有司皆以世官，舉家專一職。其國立，分定氏族，各自配姓。其姓者，示其家舊職也。古以臣至尊，可與<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87" class="mw-disambig" title="天皇">天皇</a>相婚；其餘則連、伴造；世為方職者，縣主也；有<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%BF%9F" title="百濟">百濟</a>後居日本者，王也。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%AD%A6%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天武天皇（查無此頁）">天武天皇</a>定<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AB%E8%89%B2%E5%A7%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="八色姓（查無此頁）">八色姓</a>，更以真人、朝臣、宿彌等八姓。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%88%E8%89%AF%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奈良時代（查無此頁）">既遷奈良</a>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%90%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="源氏（查無此頁）">源</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平氏（查無此頁）">平</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E5%8E%9F%E6%B0%8F" title="藤原氏">藤</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%98%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="橘氏（查無此頁）">橘</a>四朝臣獨領朝綱。 </p><p>日本於氏姓之外，別以名字。今為日本人姓者也。名字有類五帝三代之氏，以為分家號也。舊黎民無氏姓名字，以其屬部稱之。<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%B2%BB" title="明治">明治</a>間詔人皆有其名字，乃有以其居處形勢者；有以其所營者；有以古顯氏者；有不奉詔為有司錫者。且日本俗遇大事多創名字自立，故今日本有名字三十萬餘。以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%90%E8%97%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佐藤（查無此頁）">佐藤</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%88%B4%E6%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鈴木（查無此頁）">鈴木</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E6%A9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高橋（查無此頁）">高橋</a>為多。 </p><p>女子嫁，多改夫姓，雖嫁外國人亦然。例有<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B5%AF%E5%B3%A8%E6%B5%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="嵯峨浩（查無此頁）">嵯峨浩</a>嫁<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%BB%A2%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="清廢帝">清廢帝</a>弟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%A5%E5%82%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溥傑（查無此頁）">溥傑</a>，更名<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9B%E6%96%B0%E8%A6%BA%E7%BE%85%E6%B5%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="愛新覺羅浩（查無此頁）">愛新覺羅浩</a>。 </p><p>日本宗室無氏姓，蓋以其<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%85%A7%E5%A4%A7%E7%A5%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天照大神（查無此頁）">天照大神</a>所傳也。貶庶民者，以故<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%AE%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宮號（查無此頁）">宮號</a>為名字。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="據"><span id=".E6.93.9A"></span>據</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F&action=edit&section=4" title="所纂章名：據"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">《通鑒·外紀》：「姓者統其祖考之所自出，氏者別其子孫之所自分。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-巫-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-巫_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">巫元琼《<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cnki.sgst.cn/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=YHYB201408001241&dbcode=IPFD&dbname=IPFD2015">漢語人名的語言文化特徵及英譯</a>》</span> </li> </ol> <div class="notice metadata noresize" id="stub" style="font-size: small;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg/38px-%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg/57px-%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg/76px-%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%84%E3%80%8C%E7%B6%AD%E3%80%8D%E5%AD%97.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <b>姓氏</b>一文似未成。宜<span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F&action=edit">善</a></span>之。</div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">取自「<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/姓氏">https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/姓氏</a>」</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E9%A1%9E" title="特殊:類">二類</a>：<ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E7%AD%96%E5%AD%98%E4%B9%8B%E6%AD%BB%E9%8F%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分類:策存之死鏈（查無此頁）">策存之死鏈</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E5%A7%93%E6%B0%8F" title="分類:姓氏">姓氏</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">二隱類：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E5%AD%98%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E6%AD%BB%E9%8F%88" title="分類:條目存永久死鏈">條目存永久死鏈</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E6%AE%98%E7%AB%A0" title="分類:殘章">殘章</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-copyright">凡我維基之文，悉為<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">共享創意授權</a>。翻印增刪，皆須引據，並同道為之。然條款繁多，不一而足。請閱<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">全文</a>，以得其詳。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隱私通例</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%A8%80%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B8">大典自序</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">免責告示</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a 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