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src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-hi.svg" width="108" height="18" style="width: 6.75em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="इस विकि में खोजें [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>खोजें</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> 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<div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="दिखावट"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="पृष्ठ के फ़ॉन्ट का आकार, चौड़ाई और रंग बदलें" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="दिखावट" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">दिखावट</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_hi.wikipedia.org&uselang=hi" class=""><span>दान करें</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81&returnto=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="हमारा सुझाव है की आप खाता बनाएँ और लॉगिन करें, परन्तु यह अनिवार्य नहीं है" class=""><span>खाता बनाएँ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8&returnto=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="आपको सत्रारम्भ करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया जाता है; लेकिन यह अनिवार्य नहीं है [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>लॉग-इन करें</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="अन्य विकल्प" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="व्यक्तिगत उपकरण" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">व्यक्तिगत उपकरण</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_hi.wikipedia.org&uselang=hi"><span>दान करें</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%81&returnto=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="हमारा सुझाव है की आप खाता बनाएँ और लॉगिन करें, परन्तु यह अनिवार्य नहीं है"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>खाता बनाएँ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8&returnto=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="आपको सत्रारम्भ करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया जाता है; लेकिन यह अनिवार्य नहीं है [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>लॉग-इन करें</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> लॉग-आउट किए गए संपादकों के लिए पृष्ठ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%AF" aria-label="संपादन के बारे में अधिक जानें"><span>अधिक जानें</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="इस आईपी पते से संपादन की सूची [y]" accesskey="y"><span>योगदान</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="इस आईपी एड्रेससे हुए बदलावों के बारे में वार्ता [n]" accesskey="n"><span>वार्ता</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="साइट"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="सामग्री" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">सामग्री</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">साइडबार पर जाएँ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">छुपाएँ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">शुरुआत</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-इतिहास" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#इतिहास"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>इतिहास</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-इतिहास-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-मापदण्ड" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#मापदण्ड"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>मापदण्ड</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-मापदण्ड-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-इन्हें_भी_देखें" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#इन्हें_भी_देखें"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>इन्हें भी देखें</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-इन्हें_भी_देखें-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-सन्दर्भ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#सन्दर्भ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>सन्दर्भ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-सन्दर्भ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-बाहरी_कड़ियाँ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#बाहरी_कड़ियाँ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>बाहरी कड़ियाँ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-बाहरी_कड़ियाँ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="सामग्री" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="विषयसूची को टॉगल करें" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">विषयसूची को टॉगल करें</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">फ्रीवेयर</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="दूसरे भाषा में लेख पर जाएँ। 57 भाषाओं में उपलब्ध" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 भाषाएँ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="برمجيات مجانية – अरबी" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برمجيات مجانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="अरबी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_gratis" title="Software gratis – अस्तुरियन" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Software gratis" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="अस्तुरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havay%C4%B1_proqram_t%C9%99minat%C4%B1" title="Havayı proqram təminatı – अज़रबैजानी" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Havayı proqram təminatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="अज़रबैजानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Безплатен софтуер – बुल्गारियाई" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Безплатен софтуер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="बुल्गारियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="फ्रीवेयर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="फ्रीवेयर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – ब्रेटन" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ब्रेटन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – बोस्नियाई" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="बोस्नियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programari_gratu%C3%AFt" title="Programari gratuït – कातालान" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Programari gratuït" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="कातालान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – चेक" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="चेक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – डेनिश" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="डेनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – जर्मन" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – यूनानी" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="यूनानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – अंग्रेज़ी" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="अंग्रेज़ी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senpaga_programaro" title="Senpaga programaro – एस्पेरेंतो" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Senpaga programaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="एस्पेरेंतो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_gratis" title="Software gratis – स्पेनिश" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Software gratis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="स्पेनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasuta_tarkvara" title="Tasuta tarkvara – एस्टोनियाई" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tasuta tarkvara" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="एस्टोनियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – बास्क" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="बास्क" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="رایگان‌افزار – फ़ारसी" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رایگان‌افزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="फ़ारसी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmaisohjelma" title="Ilmaisohjelma – फ़िनिश" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilmaisohjelma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="फ़िनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – फ़्रेंच" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="फ़्रेंच" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תוכנה חינמית – हिब्रू" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תוכנה חינמית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="हिब्रू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – क्रोएशियाई" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="क्रोएशियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – हंगेरियाई" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="हंगेरियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – इंटरलिंगुआ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="इंटरलिंगुआ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perangkat_lunak_gratis" title="Perangkat lunak gratis – इंडोनेशियाई" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perangkat lunak gratis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="इंडोनेशियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – इतालवी" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="इतालवी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A2" title="フリーウェア – जापानी" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フリーウェア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="जापानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4" title="프리웨어 – कोरियाई" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프리웨어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="कोरियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – लग्ज़मबर्गी" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="लग्ज़मबर्गी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemokama_programin%C4%97_%C4%AFranga" title="Nemokama programinė įranga – लिथुआनियाई" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nemokama programinė įranga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="लिथुआनियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bezmaksas_programmat%C5%ABra" title="Bezmaksas programmatūra – लातवियाई" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bezmaksas programmatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="लातवियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Бесплатна програмска опрема – मकदूनियाई" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бесплатна програмска опрема" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="मकदूनियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC" title="ഫ്രീവെയർ – मलयालम" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫ്രീവെയർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="मलयालम" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – मंगोलियाई" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="मंगोलियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perisian_percuma" title="Perisian percuma – मलय" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perisian percuma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="मलय" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B2%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA" title="ဖရီးဝဲလ် – बर्मीज़" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖရီးဝဲလ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="बर्मीज़" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – डच" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="डच" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – नॉर्वेजियाई बोकमाल" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="नॉर्वेजियाई बोकमाल" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – पोलिश" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="पोलिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_gratuito" title="Software gratuito – पुर्तगाली" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Software gratuito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="पुर्तगाली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanqalla_kaq" title="Yanqalla kaq – क्वेचुआ" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yanqalla kaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="क्वेचुआ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – रोमानियाई" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="रोमानियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Бесплатное программное обеспечение – रूसी" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бесплатное программное обеспечение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="रूसी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – सेर्बो-क्रोएशियाई" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="सेर्बो-क्रोएशियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware – स्लोवाक" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Freeware" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="स्लोवाक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezpla%C4%8Dno_programje" title="Brezplačno programje – स्लोवेनियाई" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brezplačno programje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="स्लोवेनियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Фривер – सर्बियाई" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фривер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="सर्बियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratisprogram" title="Gratisprogram – स्वीडिश" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gratisprogram" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="स्वीडिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="இலவசமென்பொருள் – तमिल" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலவசமென்பொருள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="तमिल" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Ройгонафзор – ताजिक" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ройгонафзор" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ताजिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ฟรีแวร์ – थाई" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟรีแวร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="थाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ccretsiz_yaz%C4%B1l%C4%B1m" title="Ücretsiz yazılım – तुर्की" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ücretsiz yazılım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="तुर्की" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Безплатне програмне забезпечення – यूक्रेनियाई" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Безплатне програмне забезпечення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="यूक्रेनियाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A7n_m%E1%BB%81m_mi%E1%BB%85n_ph%C3%AD" title="Phần mềm miễn phí – वियतनामी" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phần mềm miễn phí" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="वियतनामी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%BB%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94" title="免費軟體 – चीनी" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="免費軟體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="चीनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%A1n-h%C3%B9i_n%C5%84g-th%C3%A9" title="Bián-hùi nńg-thé – मिन नान" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bián-hùi nńg-thé" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="मिन नान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178285#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="अंतरभाषा कड़ियाँ संपादित करें" class="wbc-editpage">कड़ियाँ संपादित करें</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="नामस्थान"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="सामग्री वाला पृष्ठ देखें [c]" accesskey="c"><span>लेख</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="प्रदर्शन"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0"><span>पढ़ें</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit" title="इस पृष्ठ के स्रोत कोड को संपादित करें [e]" accesskey="e"><span>सम्पादित करें</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">उपकरण</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">साइडबार पर जाएँ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">छुपाएँ</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> क्रियाएँ 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id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="यहाँ का हवाला देने वाले सभी विकि पन्नों की सूची [j]" accesskey="j"><span>यहाँ क्या जुड़ता है</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:RecentChangesLinked/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" rel="nofollow" title="यहाँ जुड़े हुए सभी पन्नों में हुए हाल के बदलाव [k]" accesskey="k"><span>पृष्ठ से जुड़े बदलाव</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/विकिपीडिया:अपलोड" title="फ़ाइल अपलोड करें [u]" accesskey="u"><span>चित्र अपलोड करें</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0" title="सभी विशेष पृष्ठों की सूची [q]" accesskey="q"><span>विशेष पृष्ठ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&oldid=4972234" title="पृष्ठ के इस संस्करण की स्थायी कड़ी"><span>स्थायी कड़ी</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=info" title="इस पृष्ठ के बारे में अधिक जानकारी"><span>पृष्ठ की जानकारी</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:CiteThisPage&page=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&id=4972234&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="इस पृष्ठ को उद्धृत करने के बारे में जानकारी"><span>यह लेख उद्धृत करें</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0"><span>संक्षिप्त URL प्राप्त करें</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25B0"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//hi.wikipedia.org/s/juc" title="शेयर करने के लिए ये छोटा यू॰आर॰एल कॉपी करें"><span>छोटा यू॰आर॰एल</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> मुद्रण/निर्यात </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0"><span>पुस्तक बनायें</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>पीडीएफ़ रूप डाउनलोड करें</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&printable=yes" title="इस पृष्ठका छपानेलायक अवतरण [p]" accesskey="p"><span>प्रिन्ट करने लायक</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> दूसरे परियोजनाओं में </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Freeware" hreflang="en"><span>विकिमीडिया कॉमन्स</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178285" title="संबद्ध डेटा रिपॉज़िटरी आयटम की कड़ी [g]" accesskey="g"><span>विकिडेटा आयटम</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="पृष्ठ उपकरण"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="दिखावट"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">दिखावट</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">साइडबार पर जाएँ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">छुपाएँ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">मुक्त ज्ञानकोश विकिपीडिया से</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hi" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">कृपया भ्रमित न हों और इसे <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर">मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर</a> से भिन्न समझें।</div> <p><b>फ्रीवेयर</b> ("फ्री" तथा "सॉफ्टवेयर" से बना) ऐसा <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="कम्प्यूटर सॉफ्टवेयर">कम्प्यूटर सॉफ्टवेयर</a> होता है जो कि उपयोग हेतु निःशुल्क या नाम मात्र के शुल्क पर उपलब्ध होता है।<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> सॉफ्टवेयर जो कि फ्रीवेयर के तौर पर सन्दर्भित किया जाय लगभग हमेशा <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="मालिकाना सॉफ्टवेयर">मालिकाना</a> होता है। कमर्शियल सॉफ्टवेयर को कभी-कभी <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कमर्शियल सॉफ्टवेयर (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">पेवेयर</a> भी कहा जाता <b>फ्रीवेयर</b> ("फ्री" तथा "सॉफ्टवेयर" से बना) ऐसा <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="कम्प्यूटर सॉफ्टवेयर">कम्प्यूटर सॉफ्टवेयर</a> होता है जो कि उपयोग हेतु निःशुल्क या नाम मात्र के शुल्क पर उपलब्ध होता है।<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> सॉफ्टवेयर जो कि फ्रीवेयर के तौर पर सन्दर्भित किया जाय लगभग हमेशा <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="मालिकाना सॉफ्टवेयर">मालिकाना</a> होता है। कमर्शियल सॉफ्टवेयर को कभी-कभी <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कमर्शियल सॉफ्टवेयर (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">पेवेयर</a> भी कहा जाता है। </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="इतिहास"><span id=".E0.A4.87.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B9.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B8"></span>इतिहास</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="अनुभाग सम्पादित करें: इतिहास"><span>संपादित करें</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" style="" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span">इस section में <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="विकिपीडिया:सत्यापनीयता">सत्यापन</a> हेतु <b>अतिरिक्त संदर्भ अथवा स्रोतों की आवश्यकता है।</b><br /><small>कृपया विश्वसनीय स्रोत जोड़कर <a class="external text" href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit">इस section में सुधार करें</a>। स्रोतहीन सामग्री को चुनौती दी जा सकती है और हटाया भी जा सकता है।  <i>(June 2010)</i></small> <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>स्रोत खोजें:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%22">"फ्रीवेयर"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">समाचार</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&q=%22%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">अखबार पुरालेख</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%22+-wikipedia">किताबें</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%22">विद्वान</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%22&acc=on&wc=on">जेस्टोर (JSTOR)</a></span></small><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>शब्द <i>फ्रीवेयर</i> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Fluegelman" class="extiw" title="en:Andrew Fluegelman">en:Andrew Fluegelman</a> के द्वारा प्रतिपादित किया गया था, जब वह अपने द्वारा बनाये गये एक कम्युनिकेशन प्रोग्राम जिसका नाम <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पीसी-टॉक (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">पीसी-टॉक</a> था को बेचना चाहता था, जिसके लिये इसकी कीमत के कारण वह वितरण की पारम्परिक विधियों को प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहता था।<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fluegelman ने पीसी-टॉक को असल में एक प्रक्रिया के द्वारा वितरित किया जिसे आजकल <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="शेयरवेयर (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">शेयरवेयर</a> कहा जाता है। शब्द फ्रीवेयर का वर्तमान प्रयोग आवश्यक नहीं कि Andrew Fluegelman की मूल संकल्पना से मिलता हो। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="मापदण्ड"><span id=".E0.A4.AE.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.AA.E0.A4.A6.E0.A4.A3.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A1"></span>मापदण्ड</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="अनुभाग सम्पादित करें: मापदण्ड"><span>संपादित करें</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>फ्रीवेयर के रूप में श्रेणीबद्ध सॉफ्टवेयर आमतौर पर असीमित समय के लिये बिना शुल्क या मौद्रिक के पूर्ण रूप से फंक्शनल होता है। फ्रीवेयर शून्य मूल्य पर उपलब्ध <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="मालिकाना सॉफ्टवेयर">मालिकाना सॉफ्टवेयर</a> हो सकते हैं। <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> विकासकर्ता आम तौर पर सॉफ्टवेयर के कॉपी, वितरण या व्युत्पन्न (डेरिवेटिव) वर्क बनाने आदि के एक या एकाधिक अधिकार पर बन्दिश लगा देता है।<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="सॉफ्टवेयर लाइसेंस">सॉफ्टवेयर लाइसेंस</a> प्रयोग के प्रकार पर बन्दिशें लगा सकता है जैसे व्यक्तिगत उपयोग, वैयक्तिक उपयोग, गैर-लाभकारी उपयोग, गैर-व्यावसायिक उपयोग, अकादमिक उपयोग, व्यावसायिक उपयोग या फिर इन सबका कोई संयोजन। जैसे कि लाइसेंस "व्यक्तिगत हेतु मुफ्त, गैर-व्यावसायिक उपयोग" हो सकता है। </p><p>तदनुसार, फ्रीवेयर <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="मुफ्त तथा मुक्त स्रोत सॉफ्टवेयर (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">मुफ्त तथा मुक्त स्रोत सॉफ्टवेयर</a> हो भी सकता है और नहीं भी तथा इन दोनों में अन्तर करने हेतु <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="फ्री सॉफ्टवेयर फाउण्डेशन (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">फ्री सॉफ्टवेयर फाउण्डेशन</a> प्रयोक्ता से <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="फ्री सॉफ्टवेयर">फ्री सॉफ्टवेयर</a> को "फ्रीवेयर" न कहने का अनुरोध करती है।<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> इनमें प्रधान अन्तर ये हैं कि मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर बिना किसी बन्दिश के उपयोग, अध्ययन तथा संशोधित किया जा सकता है; फ्री सॉफ्टवेयर उपयोग हेतु स्वतन्त्रता का प्रसंग समाविष्ट करता है जबकि फ्रीवेयर फ्री-ऑफ-चार्ज का। फ्रीवेयर <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="शेयरवेयर (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">शेयरवेयर</a> से भी अलग है, शेयरवेयर प्रयोक्ता से कुछ ट्रायल पीरियड के बाद या फिर अतिरिक्त सुविधायें हेतु भुगतान करने को कहता है।<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="इन्हें_भी_देखें"><span id=".E0.A4.87.E0.A4.A8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.B9.E0.A5.87.E0.A4.82_.E0.A4.AD.E0.A5.80_.E0.A4.A6.E0.A5.87.E0.A4.96.E0.A5.87.E0.A4.82"></span>इन्हें भी देखें</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="अनुभाग सम्पादित करें: इन्हें भी देखें"><span>संपादित करें</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="tright portal" style="border:solid #aaa 1px; background:#f9f9f9; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em; font-size:85%;"> <table style="background:transparent;" width="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="position:relative; width:32px; height:28px; overflow:hidden"><div style="position:absolute; top:0px; left:0px; z-index:2;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/32px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/47px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/63px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span></div></div> </td> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="प्रवेशद्वार:मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर">मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर प्रवेशद्वार</a></b></i> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर आन्दोलन (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">मुफ्त सॉफ्टवेयर आन्दोलन</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gratis_versus_Libre" class="extiw" title="en:Gratis versus Libre">en:Gratis versus Libre</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_commercial_video_games_released_as_freeware" class="extiw" title="en:List of commercial video games released as freeware">en:List of commercial video games released as freeware</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_freeware_games" class="extiw" title="en:List of freeware games">en:List of freeware games</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="शेयरवेयर (पृष्ठ मौजूद नहीं है)">शेयरवेयर</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="सन्दर्भ"><span id=".E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.A8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A6.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AD"></span>सन्दर्भ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="अनुभाग सम्पादित करें: सन्दर्भ"><span>संपादित करें</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/freeware">Freeware</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100410022955/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/freeware">Archived</a> 2010-04-10 at the <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="वेबैक मशीन">वेबैक मशीन</a>" (2010). <i>Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary</i>. Accessed January 13, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/freeware">Freeware</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100410022955/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/freeware">Archived</a> 2010-04-10 at the <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="वेबैक मशीन">वेबैक मशीन</a>" (2010). <i>Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary</i>. Accessed January 13, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060614133129/http://textfiles.fisher.hu/news/freeware.txt">"Fisher.hu"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://textfiles.fisher.hu/news/freeware.txt">मूल</a> से 14 जून 2006 को पुरालेखित<span class="reference-accessdate">. अभिगमन तिथि 29 अगस्त 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fisher.hu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftextfiles.fisher.hu%2Fnews%2Ffreeware.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5547232">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Dixon, Rod (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=9b_vVPf53xcC&pg=PA4&dq=%22free+software%22+freeware#PPA4,M1"><i>Open Source Software Law</i></a>. Artech House. पृ॰ 4. <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%88%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰">आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4/9781580537193" title="विशेष:पुस्तक स्रोत/9781580537193"><bdi>9781580537193</bdi></a>. मूल से 11 मई 2011 को <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511121411/http://books.google.com/books?id=9b_vVPf53xcC&pg=PA4&dq=%22free+software%22+freeware#PPA4,M1">पुरालेखित</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. अभिगमन तिथि <span class="nowrap">2009-03-16</span></span>. <q>On the other hand, freeware does not require any payment from the licensee or end-user, but it is not precisely free software, despite the fact that to an end-user the software is acquired in what appears to be an identical manner.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Open+Source+Software+Law&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Artech+House&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781580537193&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=Rod&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9b_vVPf53xcC%26pg%3DPA4%26dq%3D%2522free%2Bsoftware%2522%2Bfreeware%23PPA4%2CM1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5547232"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Graham, Lawrence D (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=c6IS3RnN6qAC&pg=PA175&dq=%22Legal+battles+that+shaped+the+computer+industry%22+%22from+the+beginning+of+the+computer+age%22"><i>Legal battles that shaped the computer industry</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. पृ॰ 175. <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%88%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A5%B0%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰">आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4/9781567201789" title="विशेष:पुस्तक स्रोत/9781567201789"><bdi>9781567201789</bdi></a>. मूल से 11 मई 2011 को <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511121407/http://books.google.com/books?id=c6IS3RnN6qAC&pg=PA175&dq=%22Legal+battles+that+shaped+the+computer+industry%22+%22from+the+beginning+of+the+computer+age%22">पुरालेखित</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. अभिगमन तिथि <span class="nowrap">2009-03-16</span></span>. <q>Freeware, however, is generally only free in terms of price; the author typically retains all other rights, including the rights to copy, distribute, and make derivative works from the software.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Legal+battles+that+shaped+the+computer+industry&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781567201789&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc6IS3RnN6qAC%26pg%3DPA175%26dq%3D%2522Legal%2Bbattles%2Bthat%2Bshaped%2Bthe%2Bcomputer%2Bindustry%2522%2B%2522from%2Bthe%2Bbeginning%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bcomputer%2Bage%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5547232"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090701113013/http://www.fsf.org/licensing/essays/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware">"FSF.org"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fsf.org/licensing/essays/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware">मूल</a> से 1 जुलाई 2009 को पुरालेखित<span class="reference-accessdate">. अभिगमन तिथि 29 अगस्त 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FSF.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fsf.org%2Flicensing%2Fessays%2Fwords-to-avoid.html%23Freeware&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5547232"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The Linux Information Project (2006-10-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.linfo.org/freeware.html">"Freeware Definition"</a>. मूल से 28 जुलाई 2010 को <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100728080229/http://www.linfo.org/freeware.html">पुरालेखित</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. अभिगमन तिथि <span class="nowrap">2009-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Freeware+Definition&rft.date=2006-10-22&rft.au=The+Linux+Information+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.linfo.org%2Ffreeware.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhi.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5547232"></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="बाहरी_कड़ियाँ"><span 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