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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Geologic era defined by capitalism</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McConnel_%26_Company_mills,_about_1820.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A faded, sepia-tinged illustration of rectangular buildings near a body of water. They are lined with many windows, and smokestacks protrude from the roofs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg/424px-McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg" decoding="async" width="424" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg/636px-McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg/848px-McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2268" data-file-height="1258" /></a><figcaption>McConnel & Company mills, <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1820</span>. Fossil fuels were first used as a generalized power source in the British textile industry.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Capitalocene</b> is a critique of "man versus nature" thinking in climate politics. Frequently misunderstood as an alternative geological periodization to the <a href="/wiki/Anthropocene" title="Anthropocene">Anthropocene</a> proposal, the Capitalocene's leading proponents argue for the centrality of capitalism in the making of climate crisis. The Capitalocene is a way to understand capitalism as a geohistorical process, not a geological event as conventionally understood. For Andreas Malm, this is the theory of fossil capital.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2016[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_August_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(August_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2016[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_August_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(August_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For Jason W. Moore, it is the theory of Cheap Nature in the <a href="/wiki/World-Ecology" title="World-Ecology">capitalist world-ecology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both argue, with Karl Marx, that capitalism is a labor process, and a class struggle, in the web of life. While Malm sees the origins of climate crisis with the ascendancy of fossil capital after 1830, Moore locates the dawn of "capitalogenic" crisis in the long seventeenth century (c. 1550-1700). Both agree with Marx that capitalism is defined by the imperative of endless capital accumulation, which implies increasingly serious metabolic antagonisms. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition_and_utility">Definition and utility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition and utility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Capitalocene, in its simplest terms, is a species of geopoetry, literally "earth poetry."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a critique of the Anthropocene as a geohistorical concept and its deeper, animating philosophy of "humanity" and "nature."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, historical materialists emphasize the labor process and the class struggle. Class and labor are, for the Capitalocene thesis, metabolic relations through which capitalism shapes environments, and is shaped by webs of life. This critique of Man versus Nature thinking allows the Capitalocene thesis to move beyond theory, and reconstruct a history of the origins of planetary crisis rooted in imperialism, class struggle, and world accumulation, all with and within webs of life. In this approach, class and capital are not only driving forces of planetary crisis, but "guiding threads" for the investigation of power, profit and life in the modern world—and for the elaboration of a socialist climate politics in the twenty-first century. </p><p>While these thinkers appreciate the Anthropocene perspective's role in advancing environmental debate in the public sphere, they believe that it ultimately serves to <a href="/wiki/Reification_(Marxism)" title="Reification (Marxism)">reify</a> and mystify the real causes of environmental crisis, and even impede the action needed to mitigate it, since doing so would be a vain attempt to countermand the trends of nature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalmHornborg2014_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalmHornborg2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Capitalocene moves the root of the problem into capitalist social relations, which are changeable and challengeable by the popular forces. Since the Capitalocene notion's debut, it has been applied by scholars in such diverse fields as <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrennerKatsikis2020_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrennerKatsikis2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Literary_analysis" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary analysis">literary analysis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArons2020_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArons2020-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> digital studies,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBéraudCormerais2020_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBéraudCormerais2020-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColombo2020_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEColombo2020-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Pedagogy" title="Pedagogy">pedagogy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPedersenWindsorKnutssonSanders2022_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPedersenWindsorKnutssonSanders2022-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been invoked approvingly by philosopher <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Lordon" title="Frédéric Lordon">Frédéric Lordon</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELordon2023_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELordon2023-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the editorial board of <a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Scientific_American''2018_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Scientific_American''2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has been discussed in various general-audience publications.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2019_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2019-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMudede2022_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMudede2022-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMann2019_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMann2019-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genealogy">Genealogy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Genealogy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The “Capitalocene” framework originated in the early twenty-first century from a dialogue between proponents of the “Anthropocene” and thinkers from the <a href="/wiki/Eco-Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Eco-Marxist">eco-Marxist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecofeminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecofeminist">ecofeminist</a> traditions. The Anthropocene concept was first proposed by atmospheric chemist <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Crutzen" title="Paul J. Crutzen">Paul J. Crutzen</a> in 2002, who described it as a new, post-<a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a> era in which in the global atmosphere is undergoing major, long-term transformation on account of human activity, particularly global warming. Crutzen suggested that this era began in the late eighteenth century with <a href="/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt">James Watt</a>'s design of the <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrutzen2002_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrutzen2002-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the publication of Crutzen's essay, the Anthropocene has come to be widely discussed in academic and popular settings. </p><p>Ecological Marxism traces its roots to the writings of <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a>. Although anthropogenic global warming was not known to the two men, both were interested in the unintended natural consequences of human activity. The topic was an occasional theme in their later writing, as seen most notably in Marx's exploration of “<a href="/wiki/Social_metabolism" title="Social metabolism">social metabolism</a>” and <a href="/wiki/The_Part_Played_by_Labour_in_the_Transition_from_Ape_to_Man" title="The Part Played by Labour in the Transition from Ape to Man">Engels' passage on the “revenge of nature.”</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngels1934_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngels1934-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although this facet of their work was long neglected, the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement" title="Environmental movement">environmental movement</a> in the late twentieth century provoked a new interest in these passages and in environmental questions more generally among Marxist scholars of that time, exemplified by <a href="/wiki/James_O%27Connor_(academic)" title="James O'Connor (academic)">James O'Connor</a>'s theory of the “second contradiction of capitalism” and <a href="/wiki/John_Bellamy_Foster" title="John Bellamy Foster">John Bellamy Foster</a>'s exegesis of Marx's “<a href="/wiki/Metabolic_rift" title="Metabolic rift">metabolic rift</a>.” As Crutzen's framework spread among natural scientists and filtered down to the wider public, it attracted the attention of social scientists from this and the related ecofeminist school. </p><p>The term “Capitalocene” was first coined in 2009 by the Swedish <a href="/wiki/Human_ecology" title="Human ecology">human ecologist</a> <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Malm" title="Andreas Malm">Andreas Malm</a>, then a doctoral student at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Lund" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Lund">University of Lund</a>. Through private correspondence it spread to other scholars such as feminist <a href="/wiki/Donna_Haraway" title="Donna Haraway">Donna Haraway</a> and geographer Jason W. Moore.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015163_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015163-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Detailed_overview">Detailed overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Detailed overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the first invocation of the concept, at least two distinct formulations thereof emerged concurrently in the early-to-mid 2010s. The first is that of Malm himself, joined by Alf Hornborg,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Kohei Saito</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaito2022_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaito2022-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and others broadly associated with the metabolic rift school. The other was developed by Moore, and endorsed by Haraway. The disagreement between these two camps is derived from differences over the periodization of capitalist origins and the decisive unit of analysis: England versus the Atlantic world. Malm hews closely to the “<a href="/wiki/Political_Marxism" title="Political Marxism">Political Marxism</a>” of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Brenner" title="Robert Brenner">Robert Brenner</a>. Moore is often mischaracterized as an adherent of world-systems analysis. Moore and Wallerstein agree on the periodization of capitalism. Moore has emphasized his distance from world-systems analysis while agreeing with Wallerstein on the centrality of imperialist "political accumulation" in world class formation and class struggle.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For Malm, the Capitalocene is the era governed by “fossil capitalism,” a mode of production characterized by “self-sustaining growth predicated on the growing consumption of fossil fuels and therefore generating a sustained growth in CO₂ emissions.” Malm, then, follows Crutzen in narrowly identifying CO₂-driven warming as the defining attribute of our era, on account of its major consequences for every part of the <a href="/wiki/Biosphere" title="Biosphere">biosphere</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201627–28_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201627–28-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though he does not deny the importance of other forms of environmental disruption, he considers climate change worthy of special attention and an adequate yardstick for all the others. Malm departs from Crutzen, however, in his <a href="/wiki/Periodization" title="Periodization">periodization</a>. The Capitalocene begins not with the invention of Watt's steam engine, but with its ascendancy as the main source of power for the <a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacture_during_the_British_Industrial_Revolution" title="Textile manufacture during the British Industrial Revolution">British cotton industry</a> in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. To him, the mere invention of the engine (let alone <a href="/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans" title="Control of fire by early humans">that of fire</a>, as argued by some Anthropocene proponents<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201630–32_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201630–32-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is not sufficient, nor is the widespread use of coal for heating purposes in <a href="/wiki/Elizabethan" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabethan">Elizabethan</a> England.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201648–50_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201648–50-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was only when fossil fuels became a means of “self-sustaining growth” by way of provisioning generally applicable industrial <a href="/wiki/Power_(physics)" title="Power (physics)">power</a> that massive and growing carbon emissions became an economic imperative.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201616_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201616-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The adoption of fossil power, by Malm's account, was not due to inherent drives of the “human enterprise” such as <a href="/wiki/Population_growth" title="Population growth">population growth</a>, “limited productive powers of the land,” or the self-evident superiority of steam technology.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201620–36_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201620–36-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Fossil Capital</i> argues that steam power's real advantage at the time and place of its adoption was the degree of control over production it gave to British textile mill owners. Adoption of new technology is typically assumed to be driven by its potential to reduce wage expenses; in the case of weaving, however, mechanization was actually caused by the extremely low cost of <a href="/wiki/Labor_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor power">labor power</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1825" title="Panic of 1825">Panic of 1825</a>, weavers' wages plummeted to bare subsistence level; this, however, compelled weavers—who generally worked from home, without continual supervision—to make a living by embezzling their product and selling it on the side, incurring losses to their employers.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201671–76_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201671–76-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet even in this case, writes Malm, it is not obvious that steam-powered mechanization should have prevailed over more established <a href="/wiki/Watermill" title="Watermill">water power</a>. Beginning in 1824, Scottish engineer <a href="/wiki/Robert_Thom_(engineer)" title="Robert Thom (engineer)">Robert Thom</a> developed a highly advanced industrial water supply system, <a href="/wiki/Loch_Thom" title="Loch Thom">first implemented in</a> the town of <a href="/wiki/Greenock" title="Greenock">Greenock</a>, Scotland, which could power mills at one-eighth the expense of steam power. This attracted wide interest from British manufacturers, and ambitious plans were made to construct similar infrastructure on the <a href="/wiki/River_Irwell" title="River Irwell">River Irwell</a> and near <a href="/wiki/Saddleworth" title="Saddleworth">Saddleworth</a>, before being abandoned. While the exact reason for the cancellation of these projects is uncertain due to <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Parliament" title="Burning of Parliament">the loss of relevant documents</a>, Malm argues that it was fundamentally a <a href="/wiki/Collective_action_problem" title="Collective action problem">collective action problem</a>: manufacturers were not willing to make a necessary large, pooled investment that might benefit their competitors more than them,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and which would be controlled by a joint association rather than within the confines of their own mill.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2016121-164_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2016121-164-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In sum, Malm's thesis is that the rise of fossil fuels was not a collective decision of mankind nor the inevitable result of its nature, but the outcome of specific dynamics of capitalist production. “Capitalocene,” in his opinion, therefore has the advantage of being more accurate and precise than “Anthropocene.” </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_silver_mine;_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white engraving. Left: several nude male figures work by candlelight inside a cross section of a mountain. Right: a pastoral scene" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/A_silver_mine%3B_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg/435px-A_silver_mine%3B_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg" decoding="async" width="435" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/A_silver_mine%3B_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg/653px-A_silver_mine%3B_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/A_silver_mine%3B_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg/870px-A_silver_mine%3B_cross-section_and_miners_digging._Wellcome_V0023530.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2106" /></a><figcaption>The Potosí silver mine, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1750</span>—cited by Moore as an early example of "Cheap Nature" appropriation</figcaption></figure> <p>Jason W. Moore, on the other hand, argues that while climate change is surely the most prominent attribute of the Capitalocene, it is only part of a larger complex of crises in the “web of life.” The root of all these, in his view, is capitalism's drive to appropriate “Cheap Nature” in the form of food, labor, energy, and raw materials. This process is just as foundational to capitalism as those of <a href="/wiki/Primitive_accumulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Primitive accumulation">primitive accumulation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commodification" title="Commodification">commodification</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Proletarianization" title="Proletarianization">proletarianization</a> described in Marx's <i><a href="/wiki/Capital_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital (book)">Capital</a></i>. Capitalism as a system founded on the <a href="/wiki/Value_form" class="mw-redirect" title="Value form">value form</a>, claims Moore, can function only because these “Four Cheaps” are kept “off the books” of value exchange and acquired at little or no expense.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017606&ndash;607_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017606&ndash;607-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such appropriation is itself only possible because of an <a href="/wiki/Ideology#Marxist_interpretation" title="Ideology">ideological</a> development of the <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Early modern era">early modern era</a> that posited a newly absolute conceptual division between society and nature, which Moore equates with <a href="/wiki/Cartesian_dualism" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartesian dualism">Cartesian dualism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017602&ndash;606_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017602&ndash;606-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Operating from these premises, Moore dates the onset of the Capitalocene to “a radical shift in the scale, speed and scope of landscape change [that] occurred in the long <a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_century" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixteenth century">sixteenth century</a>,”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017609_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017609-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> corresponding to the emergence of the capitalist world-system—in Moore's jargon, the capitalist <a href="/wiki/World-Ecology" title="World-Ecology">world-ecology</a>. While acknowledging that humans have transformed their environments since <a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistory</a>, he posits an enormous acceleration of such practices beginning around 1450, intertwined with the spread of European <a href="/wiki/Trade" title="Trade">trade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialism</a> through the world. Among the developments of this period were the sudden and rapid deforestation of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_region" title="Baltic region">Baltic region</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_land_reclamation" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch land reclamation">Dutch land reclamation</a>, the explosion of mining in <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cerro_Rico" title="Cerro Rico">the Andes</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Enslavement" class="mw-redirect" title="Enslavement">enslavement</a> of human beings relegated to the category of “nature” rather than “society.”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017613&ndash;620_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017613&ndash;620-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a mistake, says Moore, to consider the rise of steam industry or the increasing levels of carbon in the <a href="/wiki/Geologic_record" title="Geologic record">geologic record</a> in the 19th century as the beginning of the Capitalocene, because these were merely the delayed effects of a system which emerged centuries earlier. </p><p>Donna Haraway, another popularizer of the concept, largely concurs with Moore's formulation and periodization.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647&ndash;48_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647&ndash;48-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drawing from <a href="/wiki/Anna_Tsing" title="Anna Tsing">Anna Tsing</a>, however, she proposes that “the Anthropocene<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is more a boundary event than an epoch, like the <a href="/wiki/K-Pg_boundary" class="mw-redirect" title="K-Pg boundary">K-Pg boundary</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Paleogene</a>.”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015160_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015160-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to historical investigation, she considers it necessary to imagine what sort of epoch—the "Chthulucene"—could be constructed on the other side of this boundary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Haraway considers the Capitalocene the most appropriate term for our era,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> she distances herself from any version of it “told in the idiom of fundamentalist Marxism, with all its trappings of Modernity, Progress, and History”; in short, from its articulation as an overly <a href="/wiki/Grand_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand narrative">grand narrative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway201650_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway201650-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though the two versions of the Capitalocene idea outlined here share the same basic critique of the Anthropocene, they are marked by substantial theoretical differences. Malm<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2018_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2018-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Kohei Saito,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaito2022_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaito2022-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> responding to Moore and Haraway, have each defended an analytical—if not <a href="/wiki/Ontological" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontological">ontological</a>—distinction between society and nature, in relation to the metabolic rift theory. According to Malm, Moore's insistence on the identity of the two leads him to overlook <a href="/wiki/Conflict_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Conflict theory">important binary antagonisms that underlie society</a>, and to underestimate capitalism's capacity to survive climate crisis even as millions of human beings do not survive it. He further accuses Moore and Haraway of obscurantist prose “that seeks to ruin as much analytical equipment as possible while charging with lowered lances.” Saito, in turn, charges Moore with cherrypicking Marx's œuvre to support his own positions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaito2022119_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaito2022119-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moore, on his part, considers much of Malm's study of fossil capital to be compatible with and useful to his own theory, but overly limited in its focus on an <a href="/wiki/Ideal_type" title="Ideal type">ideal type</a> of capitalism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017621_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017621-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_revision">Criticism and revision</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Criticism and revision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dipesh_Chakrabarty" title="Dipesh Chakrabarty">Dipesh Chakrabarty</a> has dismissed the debate over Capitalocene and Anthropocene terminology as “silly.”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoweBoyer2016_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoweBoyer2016-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peter Sutoris, writing in <a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a>, concedes that the Anthropocene is not a perfect framing, but defends it for the sense of urgency and dire consequences that it conveys.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESutoris2021_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESutoris2021-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A common objection to the Capitalocene is to highlight environmental damage on the part of <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a>, or regimes which defined themselves as such. Philosopher <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serge_Audier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serge Audier (page does not exist)">Serge Audier</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serge_Audier" class="extiw" title="fr:Serge Audier">fr</a>]</span>, in his 2019 book <i>L'âge productiviste</i>, writes: "If we are to speak of the “Capitalocene,” then perhaps we are also obliged to speak of a kind of 'Socialocene,' or, all the more appropriately, of a 'Communistocene.' Curiously, none have been willing to take that step. However vexing it may be to acknowledge the major role in the ecological crisis played not just by <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> regimes, but by the broader socialist left on account of its majoritarian tendencies, this historic responsibility must be fully reckoned with."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAudier2019726_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAudier2019726-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moynaq,_Aral_Sea_(6226807306).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two rusted fishing boats sit on a sandy terrain, with no water in sight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moynaq%2C_Aral_Sea_%286226807306%29.jpg/339px-Moynaq%2C_Aral_Sea_%286226807306%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="339" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moynaq%2C_Aral_Sea_%286226807306%29.jpg/509px-Moynaq%2C_Aral_Sea_%286226807306%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Moynaq%2C_Aral_Sea_%286226807306%29.jpg/678px-Moynaq%2C_Aral_Sea_%286226807306%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Rusted boats on what was once the bed of the <a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a>. The sea's disappearance was the result of decisions made by <a href="/wiki/Gosplan" title="Gosplan">Soviet planners</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>To this objection, Malm concedes the poor environmental record of socialist states, but argues that the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Communism">collapse of almost all such regimes</a> has made this a far less pressing concern. “We do not live in the <a href="/wiki/Vorkutlag" title="Vorkutlag">Vorkuta coal-mining gulag</a> of the 1930s,” he writes. “It is no more. But the world that <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a> founded in the 1830s encompasses us all as the ecological reality we have to deal with.”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2016277&ndash;278_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2016277&ndash;278-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moore's response is to consider <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a> states <a href="/wiki/Semi-peripheral" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-peripheral">semi-peripheral</a> territories of the capitalist world-system, and thus a part of the Capitalocene in their own way. Since the publication of Audier's book, sociologist Zsuza Gille<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGille2022_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGille2022-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has published a study on the “Socialocene,” from a similar world-systems approach. This study devotes particular attention to how industrial waste and waste-producing processes were outsourced from the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_core" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial core">imperial core</a> to the socialist bloc. </p><p>In <i>L'Emballement du monde</i>, a social history of energy exploitation, <a href="/wiki/IFP_School" title="IFP School">IFP School</a> professor Victor Court evaluates and ultimately rejects the Capitalocene.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like Moore, he objects to Malm's situation on fossil industry as eliding the importance of earlier <a href="/wiki/Merchant_capitalism" title="Merchant capitalism">merchant capitalism</a>. Beyond this, he too raises the objection of twentieth century socialism's environmental record, and is not persuaded by Malm's aforementioned rejoinder: to concede that other economic systems contributed to climate change is to undermine the whole Capitalocene premise. Fundamentally, Court believes that while capitalist dynamics undeniably cause environmental damage, they are only one exemplar of the true problem, namely “protean and omnipresent <a href="/wiki/Social_stratification" title="Social stratification">relations of domination</a> between individuals.”<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ending capitalism, therefore, is a <a href="/wiki/Necessary_but_not_sufficient" class="mw-redirect" title="Necessary but not sufficient">necessary but not sufficient</a> step toward environmental equilibrium; even a hypothetical socialist society of the future would still have to specifically tackle the problem of resource use.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECourt2023390–401_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECourt2023390–401-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Degrowth" title="Degrowth">Degrowth</a> – Political, economic and social movement</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecosocialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecosocialism">Ecosocialism</a> – Ideology merging aspects of socialism with green politics, ecology and alter-globalization<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_Economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecological Economics">Ecological Economics</a> – Interdependence of human economies and natural ecosystems<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental History">Environmental History</a> – Specialisation of history<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaternary_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaternary Period">Quaternary Period</a> – Third and current period of the Cenozoic Era, from 2.58 million years ago to the present<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World-Ecology" title="World-Ecology">World-ecology</a>—a Marxist conversation about capitalism in the web of life</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-capitalism" title="Post-capitalism">Post-capitalism</a> – State whose economic system is no longer a form of capitalism</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throw-away_society" title="Throw-away society">Throw-away society</a> – Human society strongly influenced by consumerism</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.keg.lu.se/en/alf-hornborg">Another human ecologist at Lund</a>, and Malm's doctoral advisor</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Causes proposed by, respectively: <a href="/wiki/Malthusianism" title="Malthusianism">Malthusianism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ricardian_economics" title="Ricardian economics">Ricardianism</a>, and Marxian <a href="/wiki/Productive_force_determinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Productive force determinism">productive force determinism</a>. The quoted phrase is Ricardo's own, used in <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Principles_of_Political_Economy_and_Taxation" title="On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation">On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some millers, for example, were further downstream from the reservoir than others, and would therefore have to start and end production later in the day than their upstream competitors.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haraway in this passage uses “Anthropocene” and “Capitalocene” interchangeably.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Si l’on décidait de parler de « capitalocène », peut-être faudrait-il alors se résoudre à parler également, en un certain sens, de « socialocène » et surtout de « communistocène », ce que curieusement personne ne se risque à faire. Aussi pénible que soit la reconnaissance du rôle majeur joué dans la crise écologique non seulement par les régimes communistes, mais aussi, beaucoup plus largement, par le socialisme et la gauche dans leur axe majoritaire, cette responsabilité historique doit être pleinement assumée.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">More specifically, he evaluates Malm and Hornborg's version.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">l’existence protéiforme et omniprésente de relations de domination entre les individus</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2016[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_August_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(August_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2016[[Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_August_2024]]<sup_class="noprint_Inline-Template_"_style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i>[[Wikipedia:Citing_sources|<span_title="This_citation_requires_a_reference_to_the_specific_page_or_range_of_pages_in_which_the_material_appears.&#32;(August_2024)">page&nbsp;needed</span>]]</i>&#93;</sup>_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMoore2015" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Jason W. (2015). <i>Capitalism in the web of life: ecology and the accumulation of capital</i> (1st ed.). New York: Verso. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78168-902-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78168-902-8"><bdi>978-1-78168-902-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Capitalism+in+the+web+of+life%3A+ecology+and+the+accumulation+of+capital&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-78168-902-8&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2018" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Jason W. (23 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03066150.2016.1272587">"The Capitalocene Part II: accumulation by appropriation and the centrality of unpaid work/energy"</a>. <i>The Journal of Peasant Studies</i>. <b>45</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">237–</span>279. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587">10.1080/03066150.2016.1272587</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-6150">0306-6150</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Peasant+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Capitalocene+Part+II%3A+accumulation+by+appropriation+and+the+centrality+of+unpaid+work%2Fenergy&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E237-%3C%2Fspan%3E279&rft.date=2018-02-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587&rft.issn=0306-6150&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteffenCrutzenMcNeill2007" class="citation journal cs1">Steffen, Will; Crutzen, Paul J.; McNeill, John R. (December 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1579/0044-7447%282007%2936%5B614%3ATAAHNO%5D2.0.CO%3B2">"The Anthropocene: Are Humans Now Overwhelming the Great Forces of Nature"</a>. <i>AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment</i>. <b>36</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">614–</span>621. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1579%2F0044-7447%282007%2936%5B614%3ATAAHNO%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[614:TAAHNO]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1885%2F29029">1885/29029</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0044-7447">0044-7447</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18240674">18240674</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AMBIO%3A+A+Journal+of+the+Human+Environment&rft.atitle=The+Anthropocene%3A+Are+Humans+Now+Overwhelming+the+Great+Forces+of+Nature&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E614-%3C%2Fspan%3E621&rft.date=2007-12&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1885%2F29029&rft.issn=0044-7447&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18240674&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1579%2F0044-7447%282007%2936%5B614%3ATAAHNO%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft.aulast=Steffen&rft.aufirst=Will&rft.au=Crutzen%2C+Paul+J.&rft.au=McNeill%2C+John+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bioone.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1579%2F0044-7447%25282007%252936%255B614%253ATAAHNO%255D2.0.CO%253B2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalmHornborg2014-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalmHornborg2014_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalmHornborg2014">Malm & Hornborg 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrennerKatsikis2020-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrennerKatsikis2020_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrennerKatsikis2020">Brenner & Katsikis 2020</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArons2020-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArons2020_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArons2020">Arons 2020</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBéraudCormerais2020-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBéraudCormerais2020_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBéraudCormerais2020">Béraud & Cormerais 2020</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEColombo2020-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEColombo2020_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFColombo2020">Colombo 2020</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPedersenWindsorKnutssonSanders2022-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPedersenWindsorKnutssonSanders2022_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPedersenWindsorKnutssonSanders2022">Pedersen et al. 2022</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELordon2023-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELordon2023_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLordon2023">Lordon 2023</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Scientific_American''2018-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Scientific_American''2018_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFScientific_American2018"><i>Scientific American</i> 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimon2019-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimon2019_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimon2019">Simon 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMudede2022-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMudede2022_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMudede2022">Mudede 2022</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMann2019-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMann2019_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMann2019">Mann 2019</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrutzen2002-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrutzen2002_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrutzen2002">Crutzen 2002</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngels1934-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngels1934_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngels1934">Engels 1934</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015163-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015163_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaraway2015">Haraway 2015</a>, p. 163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaito2022-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaito2022_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaito2022_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaito2022">Saito 2022</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2018" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Jason W. (23 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03066150.2016.1272587">"The Capitalocene Part II: accumulation by appropriation and the centrality of unpaid work/energy"</a>. <i>The Journal of Peasant Studies</i>. <b>45</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">237–</span>279. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587">10.1080/03066150.2016.1272587</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-6150">0306-6150</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Peasant+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Capitalocene+Part+II%3A+accumulation+by+appropriation+and+the+centrality+of+unpaid+work%2Fenergy&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E237-%3C%2Fspan%3E279&rft.date=2018-02-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587&rft.issn=0306-6150&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201627–28-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201627–28_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 27–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201630–32-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201630–32_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, pp. 30–32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201648–50-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201648–50_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 48–50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201616-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201616_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201620–36-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201620–36_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 20–36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm201671–76-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm201671–76_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 71–76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2016121-164-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2016121-164_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 121-164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017606&ndash;607-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017606&ndash;607_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore2017">Moore 2017</a>, p. 606–607.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017602&ndash;606-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017602&ndash;606_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore2017">Moore 2017</a>, p. 602–606.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017609-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017609_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore2017">Moore 2017</a>, p. 609.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017613&ndash;620-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017613&ndash;620_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore2017">Moore 2017</a>, p. 613–620.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647&ndash;48-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647&ndash;48_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaraway2016">Haraway 2016</a>, p. 47–48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015160-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015160_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaraway2015">Haraway 2015</a>, p. 160.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway2015_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaraway2015">Haraway 2015</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway201647_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaraway2016">Haraway 2016</a>, p. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaraway201650-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaraway201650_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaraway2016">Haraway 2016</a>, p. 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2018-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2018_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2018">Malm 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESaito2022119-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaito2022119_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSaito2022">Saito 2022</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2017621-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2017621_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore2017">Moore 2017</a>, p. 621.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoweBoyer2016-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoweBoyer2016_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoweBoyer2016">Howe & Boyer 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESutoris2021-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESutoris2021_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSutoris2021">Sutoris 2021</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAudier2019726-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAudier2019726_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAudier2019">Audier 2019</a>, p. 726.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalm2016277&ndash;278-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalm2016277&ndash;278_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMalm2016">Malm 2016</a>, p. 277–278.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGille2022-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGille2022_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGille2022">Gille 2022</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECourt2023390–401-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECourt2023390–401_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCourt2023">Court 2023</a>, pp. 390–401.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite 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Moore]. <i>Études digitales</i> (in French) (9): <span class="nowrap">109–</span>121. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.48611%2Fisbn.978-2-406-11521-2.p.0109">10.48611/isbn.978-2-406-11521-2.p.0109</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes+digitales&rft.atitle=Bernard+Stiegler+et+le+Capitaloc%C3%A8ne+%3A+l%27appr%C3%A9ciation+d%27une+controverse+avec+Jason+W.+Moore&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E109-%3C%2Fspan%3E121&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.48611%2Fisbn.978-2-406-11521-2.p.0109&rft.aulast=B%C3%A9raud&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft.au=Cormerais%2C+Franck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrennerKatsikis2020" class="citation journal cs1">Brenner, Neil; Katsikis, Nikos (January 2020). "Operational landscapes: Hinterlands of the Capitalocene". <i>Architectural Design</i>. <b>90</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">22–</span>31. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ArchD..90...22B">2020ArchD..90...22B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fad.2521">10.1002/ad.2521</a>. <a href="/wiki/EISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="EISSN (identifier)">eISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1554-2769">1554-2769</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-8504">0003-8504</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:214180151">214180151</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Architectural+Design&rft.atitle=Operational+landscapes%3A+Hinterlands+of+the+Capitalocene&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E22-%3C%2Fspan%3E31&rft.date=2020-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A214180151%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.eissn=1554-2769&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2020ArchD..90...22B&rft.issn=0003-8504&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fad.2521&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.au=Katsikis%2C+Nikos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColombo2020" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Colombo, Fabien (2020). "Vers un Capitalocène de plateforme? Éléments pour une articulation théorique" [Towards a platform Capitalocene? Elements of a theoretical articulation]. <i>Études digitales</i> (in French) (9): <span class="nowrap">67–</span>88. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.48611%2Fisbn.978-2-406-11521-2.p.0067">10.48611/isbn.978-2-406-11521-2.p.0067</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-406-11521-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-406-11521-2"><bdi>978-2-406-11521-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes+digitales&rft.atitle=Vers+un+Capitaloc%C3%A8ne+de+plateforme%3F+%C3%89l%C3%A9ments+pour+une+articulation+th%C3%A9orique&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E67-%3C%2Fspan%3E88&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.48611%2Fisbn.978-2-406-11521-2.p.0067&rft.isbn=978-2-406-11521-2&rft.aulast=Colombo&rft.aufirst=Fabien&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourt2023" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Court, Victor (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecosociete.org/livres/lemballement-du-monde"><i>L'Emballement du monde : Énergie et domination dans l'histoire des sociétés humaines</i></a> [<i>The world carried away: Energy and domination in the history of human societies</i>]. Savoir se donner des limites (in French). Les Éditions Écosociété. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-89719-827-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-89719-827-5"><bdi>978-2-89719-827-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27Emballement+du+monde+%3A+%C3%89nergie+et+domination+dans+l%27histoire+des+soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s+humaines&rft.series=Savoir+se+donner+des+limites&rft.pub=Les+%C3%89ditions+%C3%89cosoci%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-2-89719-827-5&rft.aulast=Court&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fecosociete.org%2Flivres%2Flemballement-du-monde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrutzen2002" class="citation journal cs1">Crutzen, Paul J. (January 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F415023a">"Geology of mankind"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>415</b> (6867). Nature Publishing Group: 23. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002Natur.415...23C">2002Natur.415...23C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F415023a">10.1038/415023a</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11780095">11780095</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Geology+of+mankind&rft.volume=415&rft.issue=6867&rft.pages=23&rft.date=2002-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F415023a&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11780095&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002Natur.415...23C&rft.aulast=Crutzen&rft.aufirst=Paul+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252F415023a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEngels1934" class="citation cs1">Engels, Friedrich (1934) [1876]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1876/part-played-labour/index.htm"><i>The part played by labor in the transition from ape to man</i></a> (Essay). Passage begins at “Let us not, however, flatter ourselves...” and proceeds until end of text<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+part+played+by+labor+in+the+transition+from+ape+to+man&rft.pages=Passage+begins+at+%E2%80%9CLet+us+not%2C+however%2C+flatter+ourselves...%E2%80%9D+and+proceeds+until+end+of+text&rft.date=1934&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.aufirst=Friedrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fmarx%2Fworks%2F1876%2Fpart-played-labour%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGille2022" class="citation journal cs1">Gille, Zsuzsa (23 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fanti.12878">"The Socialocene: From Capitalocene to transnational waste regimes"</a>. <i>Antipode</i>. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fanti.12878">10.1111/anti.12878</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0066-4812">0066-4812</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antipode&rft.atitle=The+Socialocene%3A+From+Capitalocene+to+transnational+waste+regimes&rft.date=2022-09-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fanti.12878&rft.issn=0066-4812&rft.aulast=Gille&rft.aufirst=Zsuzsa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fanti.12878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaraway2015" class="citation journal cs1">Haraway, Donna (1 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1215%2F22011919-3615934">"Anthropocene, Capitalocene, Plantationocene, Chthulucene: Making kin"</a>. <i>Environmental Humanities</i>. <b>6</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">159–</span>165. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1215%2F22011919-3615934">10.1215/22011919-3615934</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2201-1919">2201-1919</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Humanities&rft.atitle=Anthropocene%2C+Capitalocene%2C+Plantationocene%2C+Chthulucene%3A+Making+kin&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E159-%3C%2Fspan%3E165&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1215%2F22011919-3615934&rft.issn=2201-1919&rft.aulast=Haraway&rft.aufirst=Donna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1215%252F22011919-3615934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span>—The text of this paper is nearly identical to chapter 4 of <i>Staying With the Trouble</i>, but is available open-access under a CC license.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaraway2016" class="citation book cs1">Haraway, Donna (9 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.icamiami.org/2020/07/c93615e4-haraway.-staying-with-the-trouble_-making-kin-in-the-chthulucene.pdf"><i>Staying with the trouble: Making kin in the Chthulucene</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Experimental futures: Technological lives, scientific arts, anthropological voices. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9780822373780">10.1515/9780822373780</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-6214-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-6214-2"><bdi>978-0-8223-6214-2</bdi></a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Project_Muse" title="Project Muse">Project MUSE</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/69253">book 69253</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Staying+with+the+trouble%3A+Making+kin+in+the+Chthulucene&rft.place=Durham%2C+North+Carolina&rft.series=Experimental+futures%3A+Technological+lives%2C+scientific+arts%2C+anthropological+voices&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2016-09-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9780822373780&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-6214-2&rft.aulast=Haraway&rft.aufirst=Donna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.icamiami.org%2F2020%2F07%2Fc93615e4-haraway.-staying-with-the-trouble_-making-kin-in-the-chthulucene.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoweBoyer2016" class="citation podcast cs1">Howe, Cymene; Boyer, Dominic (10 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cenhs.libsyn.com/ep-19-dipesh-chakrabarty">"Dipesh Chakrabarty"</a>. <i>Cultures of Energy</i> (Podcast)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dipesh+Chakrabarty&rft.date=2016-06-10&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Cymene&rft.au=Boyer%2C+Dominic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcenhs.libsyn.com%2Fep-19-dipesh-chakrabarty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLordon2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lordon, Frédéric (30 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.mondediplo.net/maintenant-il-va-falloir-le-dire">"Maintenant il va falloir le dire"</a> [Now it must be said]. <i>Les blogs du «Diplo»</i>. La pompe à phynance (in French). <a href="/wiki/Le_Monde_diplomatique" title="Le Monde diplomatique">Le Monde diplomatique</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231002002750/https://blog.mondediplo.net/maintenant-il-va-falloir-le-dire">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Les+blogs+du+%C2%ABDiplo%C2%BB&rft.atitle=Maintenant+il+va+falloir+le+dire&rft.date=2023-11-30&rft.aulast=Lordon&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.mondediplo.net%2Fmaintenant-il-va-falloir-le-dire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalmHornborg2014" class="citation journal cs1">Malm, Andreas; Hornborg, Alf (1 April 2014). "The geology of mankind? A critique of the Anthropocene narrative". <i>The Anthropocene Review</i>. <b>1</b> (1). SAGE Publications: <span class="nowrap">62–</span>69. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AntRv...1...62M">2014AntRv...1...62M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2053019613516291">10.1177/2053019613516291</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2053-0196">2053-0196</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:131595759">131595759</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Anthropocene+Review&rft.atitle=The+geology+of+mankind%3F+A+critique+of+the+Anthropocene+narrative&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E62-%3C%2Fspan%3E69&rft.date=2014-04-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F2053019613516291&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A131595759%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2053-0196&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014AntRv...1...62M&rft.aulast=Malm&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft.au=Hornborg%2C+Alf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalm2016" class="citation book cs1">Malm, Andreas (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.versobooks.com/products/135-fossil-capital"><i>Fossil capital: The rise of steam power and the roots of global warming</i></a>. London: Verso. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78478-129-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78478-129-3"><bdi>978-1-78478-129-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fossil+capital%3A+The+rise+of+steam+power+and+the+roots+of+global+warming&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-78478-129-3&rft.aulast=Malm&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.versobooks.com%2Fproducts%2F135-fossil-capital&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalm2018" class="citation book cs1">Malm, Andreas (2018). "On the use of opposites: In praise of polarisation". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.versobooks.com/products/574-the-progress-of-this-storm"><i>The progress of this storm: Nature and society in a warming world</i></a>. Verso. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78663-415-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78663-415-3"><bdi>978-1-78663-415-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=On+the+use+of+opposites%3A+In+praise+of+polarisation&rft.btitle=The+progress+of+this+storm%3A+Nature+and+society+in+a+warming+world&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-78663-415-3&rft.aulast=Malm&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.versobooks.com%2Fproducts%2F574-the-progress-of-this-storm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Mann, Geoff (13 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonreview.net/articles/geoff-mann-it-was-not-supposed-end-way/">"It was not supposed to end this way"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Boston_Review" title="Boston Review">Boston Review</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Review&rft.atitle=It+was+not+supposed+to+end+this+way&rft.date=2019-08-13&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonreview.net%2Farticles%2Fgeoff-mann-it-was-not-supposed-end-way%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2017" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Jason (2017). "The Capitalocene, Part I: On the nature and origins of our ecological crisis". <i>The Journal of Peasant Studies</i>. <b>44</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">594–</span>630. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1235036">10.1080/03066150.2016.1235036</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1743-9361">1743-9361</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:151391406">151391406</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Peasant+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Capitalocene%2C+Part+I%3A+On+the+nature+and+origins+of+our+ecological+crisis&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E594-%3C%2Fspan%3E630&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A151391406%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1743-9361&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1235036&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMudede2022" class="citation news cs1">Mudede, Charles (17 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestranger.com/economy/2022/08/17/77952452/seattle-has-lost-the-battle-against-air-conditioning">"Seattle has lost the battle against air conditioning"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Stranger_(newspaper)" title="The Stranger (newspaper)">The Stranger</a></i>. Seattle: Index Newspapers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240802002220/https://www.thestranger.com/economy/2022/08/17/77952452/seattle-has-lost-the-battle-against-air-conditioning">Archived</a> from the original on 2 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Stranger&rft.atitle=Seattle+has+lost+the+battle+against+air+conditioning&rft.date=2022-08-17&rft.aulast=Mudede&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestranger.com%2Feconomy%2F2022%2F08%2F17%2F77952452%2Fseattle-has-lost-the-battle-against-air-conditioning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedersenWindsorKnutssonSanders2022" class="citation journal cs1">Pedersen, Helena; Windsor, Sally; Knutsson, Benjamin; Sanders, Dawn; Wals, Arjen; Franck, Olof (23 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00131857.2021.1987880">"Education for sustainable development in the 'Capitalocene'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Educational Philosophy and Theory</i>. <b>54</b> (3). Routledge: <span class="nowrap">224–</span>227. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00131857.2021.1987880">10.1080/00131857.2021.1987880</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-1857">0013-1857</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Educational+Philosophy+and+Theory&rft.atitle=Education+for+sustainable+development+in+the+%27Capitalocene%27&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E224-%3C%2Fspan%3E227&rft.date=2022-02-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00131857.2021.1987880&rft.issn=0013-1857&rft.aulast=Pedersen&rft.aufirst=Helena&rft.au=Windsor%2C+Sally&rft.au=Knutsson%2C+Benjamin&rft.au=Sanders%2C+Dawn&rft.au=Wals%2C+Arjen&rft.au=Franck%2C+Olof&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F00131857.2021.1987880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaito2022" class="citation book cs1">Saito, Kohei (2022). "Monism and the non-identity of nature". <i>Marx in the Anthropocene: Towards the idea of degrowth communism</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">103–</span>135. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781108933544.005">10.1017/9781108933544.005</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-84415-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-84415-4"><bdi>978-1-108-84415-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Monism+and+the+non-identity+of+nature&rft.btitle=Marx+in+the+Anthropocene%3A+Towards+the+idea+of+degrowth+communism&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E103-%3C%2Fspan%3E135&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2F9781108933544.005&rft.isbn=978-1-108-84415-4&rft.aulast=Saito&rft.aufirst=Kohei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span>—Much of this chapter is devoted to critiquing Moore's theory of the Capitalocene.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScientific_American2018" class="citation magazine cs1"><i>Scientific American</i> editors (1 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-term-anthropocene-is-popular-and-problematic/">"The term "Anthropocene" is popular—and problematic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i>. Springer Nature. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240607140421/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-term-anthropocene-is-popular-and-problematic/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=The+term+%22Anthropocene%22+is+popular%E2%80%94and+problematic&rft.date=2018-12-01&rft.au=%27%27Scientific+American%27%27+editors&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-term-anthropocene-is-popular-and-problematic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Simon, Matt (20 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/story/capitalocene/">"Capitalism made this mess, and this mess will ruin capitalism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240801091633/https://www.wired.com/story/capitalocene/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=Capitalism+made+this+mess%2C+and+this+mess+will+ruin+capitalism&rft.date=2019-09-20&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fcapitalocene%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutoris2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Sutoris, Peter (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theconversation.com/the-term-anthropocene-isnt-perfect-but-it-shows-us-the-scale-of-the-environmental-crisis-weve-caused-169301">"The term "Anthropocene" isn't perfect – but it shows us the scale of the environmental crisis we've caused"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)" title="The Conversation (website)">The Conversation</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=The+term+%22Anthropocene%22+isn%27t+perfect+%E2%80%93+but+it+shows+us+the+scale+of+the+environmental+crisis+we%27ve+caused&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Sutoris&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fthe-term-anthropocene-isnt-perfect-but-it-shows-us-the-scale-of-the-environmental-crisis-weve-caused-169301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonacci2021" class="citation journal cs1">Antonacci, John Peter (14 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5195%2Fjwsr.2021.1045">"Periodizing the Capitalocene as Polemocene: Militarized ecologies of accumulation in the long sixteenth century"</a>. <i>Journal of World-Systems Research</i>. <b>27</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">439–</span>467. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5195%2Fjwsr.2021.1045">10.5195/jwsr.2021.1045</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1076-156X">1076-156X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:238706876">238706876</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+World-Systems+Research&rft.atitle=Periodizing+the+Capitalocene+as+Polemocene%3A+Militarized+ecologies+of+accumulation+in+the+long+sixteenth+century&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E439-%3C%2Fspan%3E467&rft.date=2021-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A238706876%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1076-156X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5195%2Fjwsr.2021.1045&rft.aulast=Antonacci&rft.aufirst=John+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5195%252Fjwsr.2021.1045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorwinGidwani2021" class="citation journal cs1">Corwin, Julia E.; Gidwani, Vinay (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/112172/1/Corwin_and_Gidwani_Repair_as_care_in_the_Capitalocene_Accepted_manuscript.pdf">"Repair Work as Care: On Maintaining the Planet in the Capitalocene"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Antipode</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fanti.12791">10.1111/anti.12791</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1467-8330">1467-8330</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239511729">239511729</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antipode&rft.atitle=Repair+Work+as+Care%3A+On+Maintaining+the+Planet+in+the+Capitalocene&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A239511729%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1467-8330&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fanti.12791&rft.aulast=Corwin&rft.aufirst=Julia+E.&rft.au=Gidwani%2C+Vinay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.lse.ac.uk%2F112172%2F1%2FCorwin_and_Gidwani_Repair_as_care_in_the_Capitalocene_Accepted_manuscript.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerdinand2022" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcom_Ferdinand" class="extiw" title="fr:Malcom Ferdinand">Ferdinand, Malcom</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in French]</span> (2022). <i>Decolonial ecology: Thinking from the Caribbean world</i>. Critical South. Translated by Smith, Anthony Paul. <a href="/wiki/Polity_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Polity Press">Polity Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5095-4622-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5095-4622-0"><bdi>978-1-5095-4622-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decolonial+ecology%3A+Thinking+from+the+Caribbean+world&rft.series=Critical+South&rft.pub=Polity+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-5095-4622-0&rft.aulast=Ferdinand&rft.aufirst=Malcom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span> Translated from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerdinand2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>Une écologie décoloniale - Penser l'écologie depuis le monde caribéen</i> (in French). Paris: Le Seuil. 3 October 2019. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3917%2Fls.ferdi.2019.01">10.3917/ls.ferdi.2019.01</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-02-138849-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-02-138849-7"><bdi>978-2-02-138849-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Une+%C3%A9cologie+d%C3%A9coloniale+-+Penser+l%27%C3%A9cologie+depuis+le+monde+carib%C3%A9en&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Le+Seuil&rft.date=2019-10-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fls.ferdi.2019.01&rft.isbn=978-2-02-138849-7&rft.aulast=Ferdinand&rft.aufirst=Malcom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGundersonStuart2020" class="citation journal cs1">Gunderson, Ryan; Stuart, Diana (2 January 2020). "Human-animal relations in the capitalocene: environmental impacts and alternatives". <i>Environmental Sociology</i>. <b>6</b> (1). Routledge: <span class="nowrap">68–</span>81. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020EnvSo...6...68S">2020EnvSo...6...68S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F23251042.2019.1666784">10.1080/23251042.2019.1666784</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:204649543">204649543</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Sociology&rft.atitle=Human-animal+relations+in+the+capitalocene%3A+environmental+impacts+and+alternatives&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E68-%3C%2Fspan%3E81&rft.date=2020-01-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A204649543%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F23251042.2019.1666784&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2020EnvSo...6...68S&rft.aulast=Gunderson&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.au=Stuart%2C+Diana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJansenJongerden2021" class="citation book cs1">Jansen, Kees; Jongerden, Joost (14 December 2021). "The Capitalocene response to the Anthropocene". In Akram-Lodhi, A. H.; Dietz, Kristina; Engels, Bettina; McKay, Ben M. (eds.). <i>Handbook of critical agrarian studies</i>. Cheltenham, UK: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar_Publishing" title="Edward Elgar Publishing">Edward Elgar Publishing</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">636–</span>646. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4337%2F9781788972468.00080">10.4337/9781788972468.00080</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78897-245-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78897-245-1"><bdi>978-1-78897-245-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:245357116">245357116</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Capitalocene+response+to+the+Anthropocene&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+critical+agrarian+studies&rft.place=Cheltenham%2C+UK&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E636-%3C%2Fspan%3E646&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2021-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A245357116%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4337%2F9781788972468.00080&rft.isbn=978-1-78897-245-1&rft.aulast=Jansen&rft.aufirst=Kees&rft.au=Jongerden%2C+Joost&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2015" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Jason W. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.versobooks.com/products/74-capitalism-in-the-web-of-life"><i>Capitalism in the web of life: Ecology and the accumulation of capital</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Verso" class="mw-redirect" title="Verso">Verso</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78168-902-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78168-902-8"><bdi>978-1-78168-902-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Capitalism+in+the+web+of+life%3A+Ecology+and+the+accumulation+of+capital&rft.pub=Verso&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-78168-902-8&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.versobooks.com%2Fproducts%2F74-capitalism-in-the-web-of-life&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2016" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Jason W. (May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pmpress.org/index.php?l=product_detail&p=779"><i>Anthropocene or Capitalocene? Nature, history, and the crisis of capitalism</i></a>. PM Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781629631486" title="Special:BookSources/9781629631486"><bdi>9781629631486</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anthropocene+or+Capitalocene%3F+Nature%2C+history%2C+and+the+crisis+of+capitalism&rft.pub=PM+Press&rft.date=2016-05&rft.isbn=9781629631486&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pmpress.org%2Findex.php%3Fl%3Dproduct_detail%26p%3D779&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2018" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Jason (2018). "The Capitalocene Part II: Accumulation by appropriation and the centrality of unpaid work/energy". <i>The Journal of Peasant Studies</i>. <b>45</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">237–</span>279. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587">10.1080/03066150.2016.1272587</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1743-9361">1743-9361</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158022717">158022717</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Peasant+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Capitalocene+Part+II%3A+Accumulation+by+appropriation+and+the+centrality+of+unpaid+work%2Fenergy&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E237-%3C%2Fspan%3E279&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A158022717%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1743-9361&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F03066150.2016.1272587&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Jason&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapitalocene" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&oldid=1276088942">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Capitalocene&oldid=1276088942</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Capitalism" title="Category:Capitalism">Capitalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geological_epochs" title="Category:Geological epochs">Geological epochs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environmental_history" title="Category:Environmental history">Environmental history</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Marxist_theory" title="Category:Marxist theory">Marxist theory</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ecofeminism" title="Category:Ecofeminism">Ecofeminism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eco-socialism" title="Category:Eco-socialism">Eco-socialism</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_August_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2024">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from June 2024">Use dmy dates from June 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_displaying_short_descriptions_of_redirect_targets_via_Module:Annotated_link" title="Category:Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets via Module:Annotated link</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_interwiki-linked_names" title="Category:CS1 interwiki-linked names">CS1 interwiki-linked names</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 February 2025, at 20:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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{\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-d8647bfd6-s2p6b","timestamp":"20250221163752","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Capitalocene","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Capitalocene","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q113834036","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q113834036","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2023-07-10T05:24:13Z","dateModified":"2025-02-16T20:38:59Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/78\/McConnel_%26_Company_mills%2C_about_1820.jpg","headline":"geologic era defined by capitalism"}</script> </body> </html>