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<span>Marriage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Member_of_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Member_of_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Member of Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Member_of_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Leader of the Liberal Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_Minister_(1905–1908)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_Minister_(1905–1908)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Prime Minister (1905–1908)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prime_Minister_(1905–1908)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Prime Minister (1905–1908) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prime_Minister_(1905–1908)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Appointment_and_cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appointment_and_cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Appointment and cabinet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appointment_and_cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Social reforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_of_Lords_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_of_Lords_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>House of Lords reforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House_of_Lords_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Foreign affairs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campbell-Bannerman's_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campbell-Bannerman's_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Campbell-Bannerman's government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campbell-Bannerman's_government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campbell-Bannerman's government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campbell-Bannerman's_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Changes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retirement_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retirement_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Retirement and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retirement_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Views_of_contemporaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Views_of_contemporaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Views of contemporaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Views_of_contemporaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Views_of_historians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Views_of_historians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Views of historians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Views_of_historians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Henry Campbell-Bannerman</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هنري كامبل بانرمان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هنري كامبل بانرمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Генры Кэмпбел-Бэнерман – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Генры Кэмпбел-Бэнерман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%BB-%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гэнры Кэмпбэл-Бэнэрман – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гэнры Кэмпбэл-Бэнэрман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хенри Кемпбъл-Банерман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хенри Кемпбъл-Банерман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86" title="هنری کمبل-بنرمن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هنری کمبل-بنرمن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eanraig_Caimbeul-MacGille-na-Brataich" title="Eanraig Caimbeul-MacGille-na-Brataich – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eanraig Caimbeul-MacGille-na-Brataich" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EC%BA%A0%EB%B2%A8%EB%B0%B0%EB%84%88%EB%A8%BC" title="헨리 캠벨배너먼 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헨리 캠벨배너먼" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हेनरी काम्पबेल-बानरमान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हेनरी काम्पबेल-बानरमान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%91%D7%9C-%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="הנרי קמפבל-באנרמן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנרי קמפבל-באנרמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henricus_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henricus Campbell-Bannerman – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Henricus Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8" title="हेन्री कॅम्पबेल-बॅनरमन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हेन्री कॅम्पबेल-बॅनरमन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هنرى كامبل بانرمان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هنرى كامبل بانرمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%90%E3%83%8A%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="ヘンリー・キャンベル＝バナマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘンリー・キャンベル＝バナマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86" title="هنري کمپبل-بنرمن – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هنري کمپبل-بنرمن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Кэмпбелл-Баннерман, Генри – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кэмпбелл-Баннерман, Генри" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ҳенри Кампбел-Баннерман – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳенри Кампбел-Баннерман" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Генрі Кемпбелл-Баннерман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Генрі Кемпбелл-Баннерман" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94-%E7%8F%AD%E7%BA%B3%E6%9B%BC" title="亨利·甘贝尔-班纳曼 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亨利·甘贝尔-班纳曼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE-%E7%8F%AD%E7%B4%8D%E6%9B%BC" title="亨利·甘貝爾-班納曼 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亨利·甘貝爾-班納曼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q106618#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1905 to 1908</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Campbell-Bannerman" redirects here. For other people with this name, see <a href="/wiki/Campbell-Bannerman_(surname)" title="Campbell-Bannerman (surname)">Campbell-Bannerman (surname)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_the_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath">GCB</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg/220px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg/330px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg/440px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3358" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait by <a href="/wiki/George_Charles_Beresford" title="George Charles Beresford">George Charles Beresford</a>, 1902</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />5 December 1905 – 3 April 1908</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />6 February 1899 – 5 December 1905</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarchs</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Victoria</a><br />Edward VII</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Robert Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a><br />Arthur Balfour</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Vernon_Harcourt_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Vernon Harcourt (politician)">William Vernon Harcourt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Arthur Balfour</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Liberal Party (UK)">Leader of the Liberal Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />6 February 1899 – 22 April 1908</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">William Vernon Harcourt</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />18 August 1892 – 21 June 1895</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanhope" title="Edward Stanhope">Edward Stanhope</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_5th_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne">Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />6 February 1886 – 20 July 1886</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">William Ewart Gladstone</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gathorne_Gathorne-Hardy,_1st_Earl_of_Cranbrook" title="Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook">Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Smith_(1825%E2%80%931891)" title="William Henry Smith (1825–1891)">William Henry Smith</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_for_Ireland" title="Chief Secretary for Ireland">Chief Secretary for Ireland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />23 October 1884 – 25 June 1885</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">William Ewart Gladstone</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Otto_Trevelyan" class="mw-redirect" title="George Otto Trevelyan">George Otto Trevelyan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Hart_Dyke" title="William Hart Dyke">William Hart Dyke</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="#Offices_and_titles">Additional positions</a></th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Henry Campbell<br />7 September 1836<br />Kelvinside House, <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">22 April 1908<span style="display:none">(1908-04-22)</span> (aged 71)<br /><a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a>, London, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Meigle Parish Church, <a href="/wiki/Perthshire" title="Perthshire">Perthshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_Lady_Campbell-Bannerman" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte, Lady Campbell-Bannerman">Charlotte Bruce</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="13 September 1860">1860</span>; died <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="30 August 1906">1906</span>)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">University of Glasgow</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Merchant" title="Merchant">Merchant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry Campbell-Bannerman's signature"><img alt="Cursive signature in ink" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg/128px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg/192px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg/256px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="73" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</b> (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Né">né</a> <b>Campbell</b>; 7 September 1836 – 22 April 1908) was a British statesman and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a> politician who was <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> from 1905 to 1908 and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)#Liberal_leaders" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Leader of the Liberal Party</a> from 1899 to 1908. He also was <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a> twice, in the cabinets of <a href="/wiki/Gladstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Gladstone">Gladstone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Rosebery</a>. He was the first <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a> to be officially called the "Prime Minister", the term only coming into official usage five days after he took office. He remains the only person to date to hold the positions of Prime Minister and <a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(United_Kingdom)" title="Father of the House (United Kingdom)">Father of the House</a> at the same time, and the last Liberal leader to gain a UK parliamentary majority. </p><p>Known colloquially as "<b>CB</b>", Campbell-Bannerman firmly believed in <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_Home_Rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Home Rule">Irish Home Rule</a> and the improvement of social conditions, including reduced working hours. <a href="/wiki/A._J._A._Morris" title="A. J. A. Morris">A. J. A. Morris</a>, in the <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>, called him "Britain's first and only <a href="/wiki/Classical_radicalism" title="Classical radicalism">Radical</a> prime minister".<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following a <a href="/wiki/General_election" title="General election">general-election</a> defeat in <a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900</a>, Campbell-Bannerman went on to lead the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a> to a <a href="/wiki/Landslide_victory" title="Landslide victory">landslide victory</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1906_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1906 United Kingdom general election">1906 general election</a> – the last election in which the Liberals gained an overall majority in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government he subsequently led passed legislation to ensure <a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Trade unions in the United Kingdom">trade unions</a> could not be liable for damages incurred during strike action, introduced <a href="/wiki/Free_school_meal" class="mw-redirect" title="Free school meal">free school meals</a> for all children, and empowered local authorities to purchase agricultural land from private landlords. Campbell-Bannerman resigned as prime minister in April 1908 due to ill-health and was replaced by his <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">chancellor</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a>. He died 19 days later – the only prime minister to die in the official residence, <a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henry Campbell-Bannerman<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was born on 7 September 1836 at <a href="/wiki/Kelvinside" title="Kelvinside">Kelvinside House</a> in Glasgow as Henry Campbell, the second son and youngest of the six children born to <a href="/wiki/James_Campbell_of_Stracathro" title="James Campbell of Stracathro">James Campbell</a> of <a href="/wiki/Stracathro" title="Stracathro">Stracathro</a> (1790–1876) and his wife Janet Bannerman (1799–1873). James Campbell had started work at a young age in the clothing trade in Glasgow, before in 1817 going into partnership with his brother, <a href="/wiki/William_Campbell_of_Tullichewan" title="William Campbell of Tullichewan">William Campbell</a>, to found J.& W. Campbell & Co., a warehousing, general wholesale and retail drapery business.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1831 James Campbell was elected as a member of <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Town_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow Town Council">Glasgow Town Council</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/1837_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1837 United Kingdom general election">1837</a> and <a href="/wiki/1841_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1841 United Kingdom general election">1841</a> general elections he stood as a <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> candidate for the <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Glasgow (UK Parliament constituency)">Glasgow constituency</a>. He served as the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Provost_of_Glasgow" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Provost of Glasgow">Lord Provost of Glasgow</a> from 1840 to 1843.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman was educated at the <a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Glasgow" title="High School of Glasgow">High School of Glasgow</a> (1845–1847), the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Glasgow" title="University of Glasgow">University of Glasgow</a> (1851–1853), and <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a> (1854–1858),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he achieved a <a href="/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification" title="British undergraduate degree classification">Third-Class Degree</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Classical_Tripos" title="Classical Tripos">Classical Tripos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massie,_p._547_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massie,_p._547-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After graduating, he joined the family firm of J. & W. Campbell & Co., based in Glasgow's Ingram Street, and was made a partner in the firm in 1860. He was also commissioned as a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)">lieutenant</a> into the <a href="/wiki/53rd_Lanarkshire_Rifle_Volunteer_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="53rd Lanarkshire Rifle Volunteer Corps">53rd Lanarkshire Rifle Volunteer Corps</a>, which was recruited from employees of the firm, and in 1867 was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Captain_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)">captain</a>. </p><p>In 1871, Henry Campbell became Henry Campbell-Bannerman, the addition of the surname Bannerman being a requirement of the <a href="/wiki/Will_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Will (law)">will</a> of his uncle, Henry Bannerman,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from whom in that year he had inherited the estate of Hunton Lodge (now Hunton Court) in <a href="/wiki/Hunton,_Kent" title="Hunton, Kent">Hunton, Kent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He did not like the "horrid long name" that resulted and invited friends to call him "C.B." instead.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry Campbell-Bannerman had an older brother, <a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Campbell_(politician)" title="James Alexander Campbell (politician)">James Alexander Campbell</a>, who in 1876 inherited their father's 4000-acre <a href="/wiki/Stracathro" title="Stracathro">Stracathro</a> estate. He served as the Conservative <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> for <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_and_Aberdeen_Universities_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities (UK Parliament constituency)">Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities</a> from <a href="/wiki/1880_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1880 United Kingdom general election">1880</a> to <a href="/wiki/1906_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1906 United Kingdom general election">1906</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage">Marriage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Marriage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1860, Campbell-Bannerman married <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Charlotte_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarah Charlotte Bruce">Sarah Charlotte Bruce</a>, and he and his new bride set up house at 6 Clairmont Gardens in the <a href="/wiki/Park_District,_Glasgow" title="Park District, Glasgow">Park district</a> of the <a href="/wiki/West_End_of_Glasgow" class="mw-redirect" title="West End of Glasgow">West End of Glasgow</a>. The couple never had any children. </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman and Charlotte were an exceptionally close couple throughout their marriage; in the words of one historian, they "shared every thought and possible moment".<sup id="cite_ref-Massie,_p._547_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massie,_p._547-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charlotte may have been the person who mostly encouraged Campbell-Bannerman to stand for election, given his local profile.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For several years an aunt occupied the big house at Hunton which Campbell-Bannerman had inherited in 1871. For their country residence, Campbell-Bannerman and his wife lived elsewhere, including <a href="/wiki/Gennings_Park" title="Gennings Park">Gennings Park</a>, which they did not leave until 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They first occupied Hunton Lodge in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman spoke French, German and Italian fluently, and every summer he and his wife spent a couple of months in Europe, usually in France and at the spa town of <a href="/wiki/Marienbad" class="mw-redirect" title="Marienbad">Marienbad</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell-Bannerman had a deep appreciation for <a href="/wiki/French_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="French culture">French culture</a>, and particularly enjoyed the novels of <a href="/wiki/Anatole_France" title="Anatole France">Anatole France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also had an occasional home at Belmont Castle, <a href="/wiki/Meigle" title="Meigle">Meigle</a>, in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman and his wife were both reported to be enormous eaters, and in their later years each weighed nearly 20 stone (130 kg; 280 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-obpa_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obpa-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charlotte died on 30 August 1906. After losing her, Campbell-Bannerman was said to 'never be the same'.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Member_of_Parliament">Member of Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Member of Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 1868, at the age of thirty-one, Campbell-Bannerman stood as a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> candidate in a by-election for the <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Burghs" class="mw-redirect" title="Stirling Burghs">Stirling Burghs</a> constituency, narrowly losing to fellow Liberal <a href="/wiki/John_Ramsay_(of_Kildalton)" title="John Ramsay (of Kildalton)">John Ramsay</a>. However, at the <a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">general election</a> in November of that year, Campbell-Bannerman defeated Ramsay and was elected to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> as the Liberal <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> for Stirling Burghs, a constituency that he would go on to represent for almost forty years.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman rose quickly through the ministerial ranks, being appointed as <a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_War_Office" title="Financial Secretary to the War Office">Financial Secretary to the War Office</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gladstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Gladstone">Gladstone</a>'s <a href="/wiki/First_Gladstone_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="First Gladstone Ministry">first government</a> in November 1871, serving in this position until 1874 under <a href="/wiki/Edward_Cardwell,_1st_Viscount_Cardwell" title="Edward Cardwell, 1st Viscount Cardwell">Edward Cardwell</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a>. When Cardwell was raised to the peerage, Campbell-Bannerman became the Liberal government's chief spokesman on defence matters in the House of Commons.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was appointed to the same position from 1880 to 1882 in Gladstone's <a href="/wiki/Second_Gladstone_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Gladstone Ministry">second government</a>, and after serving as <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_and_Financial_Secretary_to_the_Admiralty" title="Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty">Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty</a> between 1882 and 1884, Campbell-Bannerman was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet (UK)">the Cabinet</a> as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_for_Ireland" title="Chief Secretary for Ireland">Chief Secretary for Ireland</a> in 1884, an important role with ongoing <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland_Bill_1886" title="Government of Ireland Bill 1886">Home Rule</a> debates.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Gladstone's <a href="/wiki/Third_Gladstone_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Gladstone Ministry">third</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Gladstone_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Gladstone Ministry">fourth governments</a>, in 1886 and 1892 to 1894 respectively, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Earl of Rosebery</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rosebery_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosebery Ministry">government</a> from 1894 to 1895, Campbell-Bannerman served as the <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a>. His only military experience was thirty years earlier with the 53rd Lanarkshire Rifles Volunteers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his time in the War office, he introduced an experimental <a href="/wiki/Eight-hour_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Eight-hour day">eight-hour day</a> for the workers at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Arsenal" title="Royal Arsenal">Woolwich Arsenal</a> munitions factory.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The results demonstrated that there was no loss in production. Therefore, Campbell-Bannerman extended the eight-hour day to the Army Clothing Department.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He persuaded the <a href="/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Cambridge" title="Prince George, Duke of Cambridge">Duke of Cambridge</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria of the United Kingdom">Queen's</a> cousin, to resign as <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander-in-Chief">Commander-in-Chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/British_Armed_Forces" title="British Armed Forces">British Armed Forces</a>. This earned Campbell-Bannerman a knighthood in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Knight_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_the_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath">Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath</a> (GCB) in Rosebery's <a href="/wiki/1895_Prime_Minister%27s_Resignation_Honours" title="1895 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours">1895 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours</a>. In 1895, Campbell unwittingly caused the fall of Rosebery's ministry, when the Earl's government lost a vote over C.B.'s handling of <a href="/wiki/Cordite" title="Cordite">cordite</a> reserves. <a href="/wiki/Unionist_government,_1895%E2%80%931905" title="Unionist government, 1895–1905">Unionist</a> MPs unexpectedly forced a successful motion of censure, and the failure led to Rosebery's resignation and the return to power of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Salisbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Salisbury">Lord Salisbury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/1895_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1895 United Kingdom general election">1895 general election</a>, Campbell-Bannerman lobbied strongly to succeed <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Peel" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Peel">Arthur Peel</a> as <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker of the House of Commons</a>, in part because he sought a less stressful role in public life. Rosebery, backed by the Liberal Leader in the Commons, <a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Harcourt" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir William Harcourt">Sir William Harcourt</a>, refused since Campbell-Bannerman was viewed as indispensable to the Government's front-bench team in the lower House.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party">Leader of the Liberal Party</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leader of the Liberal Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg/170px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg/255px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg/340px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_Vanity_Fair_10_August_1899.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2124" data-file-height="3200" /></a><figcaption>Campbell-Bannerman caricatured by <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Ward" title="Leslie Ward">Spy</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(British_magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (British magazine)">Vanity Fair</a></i>, 1899</figcaption></figure> <p>On 6 February 1899, Campbell-Bannerman succeeded <a href="/wiki/William_Vernon_Harcourt_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Vernon Harcourt (politician)">William Vernon Harcourt</a> as <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Leader of the Liberals</a> in the House of Commons, and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Opposition (UK)">Leader of the Opposition</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Boer War of 1899</a> split the Liberal Party into <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Imperialists" title="Liberal Imperialists">Imperialist</a> and Pro-Boer factions,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with CB strongly critical of the use of <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War_concentration_camps" title="Second Boer War concentration camps">concentration camps</a> as 'methods of <a href="/wiki/Barbarian" title="Barbarian">barbarism</a>'.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell-Bannerman faced the difficult task of holding together the strongly divided party, which was subsequently and unsurprisingly defeated in the "<a href="/wiki/Khaki_election" title="Khaki election">khaki election</a>" of <a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900</a>. Campbell-Bannerman caused particular friction within his own party when in a speech to the National Reform Union in June 1901 and shortly after meeting <a href="/wiki/Emily_Hobhouse" title="Emily Hobhouse">Emily Hobhouse</a>, he described the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War_concentration_camps" title="Second Boer War concentration camps">concentration camps</a> set up by the British in the Boer War as "methods of barbarism".<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Liberal Party was later able to unify over its opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Education_Act_1902" title="Education Act 1902">Education Act 1902</a> and the Brussels Sugar Convention of 1902, in which Britain and nine other nations attempted to stabilise world sugar prices by setting up a commission to investigate export bounties and decide on penalties. The Conservative Government of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a> had threatened countervailing duties and subsidies of <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indian</a> sugar producers as a negotiating tool. The convention's intent was to lead to the gradual phasing out of export bounties, and Britain would then forbid the importation of subsidised sugar.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a speech to the <a href="/wiki/Cobden_Club" title="Cobden Club">Cobden Club</a> on 28 November 1902, Campbell-Bannerman denounced the convention as threatening the sovereignty of Britain. </p> <blockquote><p>It means that we abandon our fiscal independence, together with our free-trade ways; that we subside into the tenth part of a <i><a href="/wiki/Vehmgericht" class="mw-redirect" title="Vehmgericht">Vehmgericht</a></i> which is to direct us what sugar is to be countervailed, at what rate per cent. we are to countervail it, how much is to be put on for the bounty, and how much for the tariff being in excess of the convention tariff; and this being the established order of things, the British Chancellor of the Exchequer in his robes obeys the orders that he receives from this foreign convention, in which the Britisher is only one out of ten, and the House of Commons humbly submits to the whole transaction. ("Shame.") Sir, of all the insane schemes ever offered to a free country as a boon this is surely the maddest.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg/150px-Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg/225px-Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg/300px-Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption>Campbell-Bannerman in 1904</figcaption></figure> <p>However, it was <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chamberlain" title="Joseph Chamberlain">Joseph Chamberlain</a>'s proposals for <a href="/wiki/Tariff_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariff Reform">Tariff Reform</a> in May 1903 that provided the Liberals with a great and nationally resonating cause on which to campaign and unify, due to its <a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">protectionist nature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chamberlain's proposals dominated politics through the rest of 1903 up until the general election of 1906. Campbell-Bannerman, like other Liberals, held an unshakeable belief in <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a speech at Bolton on 15 October 1903, he explained in greater detail the reasoning behind Liberal support for free trade. </p> <blockquote><p>We are satisfied that it is right because it gives the freest play to individual energy and initiative and character and the largest liberty both to producer and consumer. We say that trade is injured when it is not allowed to follow its natural course, and when it is either hampered or diverted by artificial obstacles.... We believe in free trade because we believe in the capacity of our countrymen. That at least is why I oppose protection root and branch, veiled and unveiled, one-sided or reciprocal. I oppose it in any form. Besides we have experience of fifty years, during which our prosperity has become the envy of the world.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In 1903, the Liberal Party's <a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip</a> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gladstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert Gladstone">Herbert Gladstone</a> negotiated a pact with <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)#Labour_Representation_Committee_(1900–1906)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Representation Committee</a> to withdraw Liberal candidates to help LRC candidates in certain seats, in return for LRC withdrawal in other seats to help Liberal candidates. This attempt to undermine and outflank the Conservatives, which would prove to be successful, formed what became known as the "<a href="/wiki/Gladstone%E2%80%93MacDonald_pact" title="Gladstone–MacDonald pact">Gladstone–MacDonald pact</a>". Campbell-Bannerman got on well with Labour leaders, and he said in 1903 "we are keenly in sympathy with the representatives of Labour. We have too few of them in the House of Commons".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this comment, and his sympathies with many elements of the Labour movement, he was not a socialist.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One biographer has written that "he was deeply and genuinely concerned about the plight of the poor and so had readily adopted the rhetoric of progressivism, but he was not a progressive".<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prime_Minister_(1905–1908)"><span id="Prime_Minister_.281905.E2.80.931908.29"></span>Prime Minister (1905–1908)<span class="anchor" id="Premiership"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prime Minister (1905–1908)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1905%E2%80%931915" title="Liberal government, 1905–1915">Liberal government, 1905–1915</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Appointment_and_cabinet">Appointment and cabinet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Appointment and cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Campbell-bannerman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Campbell-bannerman.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="190" data-file-height="212" /></a><figcaption>Sketch of Campbell-Bannerman</figcaption></figure> <p>The Liberals found themselves suddenly returned to power in December 1905 when <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a> resigned as prime minister, prompting <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a> to invite Campbell-Bannerman to form a <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a> as the first Liberal prime minister of the 20th century. At 69, he was the oldest person to become prime minister for the first time in the 20th century,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelf2006261_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelf2006261-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though Balfour had hoped that Campbell-Bannerman would not be able to form a strong government, ushering in a general election that he could win. Campbell-Bannerman also faced problems within his own party, through the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Relugas_Compact" title="Relugas Compact">Relugas Compact</a>" between <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Grey,_1st_Viscount_Grey_of_Fallodon" title="Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon">Edward Grey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Haldane">Richard Haldane</a>, who planned to force him into the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>, weakening him as prime minister and effectively allowing Asquith to govern as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a>. Campbell-Bannerman saw off both of these issues by offering the positions of <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_exchequer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of the exchequer">chancellor of the exchequer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">foreign secretary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_state_for_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of state for war">secretary of state for war</a> to Asquith, Grey and Haldane respectively, which all three accepted, whilst immediately dissolving Parliament and calling <a href="/wiki/1906_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1906 United Kingdom general election">a general election</a>. In his first public speech as prime minister on 22 December 1905, Campbell-Bannerman launched the Liberal election campaign, focusing on the traditional Liberal platform of "<a href="/wiki/Peace,_retrenchment_and_reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace, retrenchment and reform">peace, retrenchment and reform</a>": </p> <blockquote><p>Expenditure calls for taxes, and taxes are the plaything of the tariff reformer. Militarism, extravagance, protection are weeds which grow in the same field, and if you want to clear the field for honest cultivation you must root them all out. For my own part, I do not believe that we should have been confronted by the spectre of protection if it had not been for the South African war. Depend upon it that in fighting for our open ports and for the cheap food and material upon which the welfare of the people and the prosperity of our commerce depend we are fighting against those powers, privileges, injustices, and monopolies which are unalterably opposed to the triumph of democratic principles.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Helped by the <a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Lib–Lab pact</a> that he had negotiated, the splits in the Conservatives over free trade and the positive election campaign that he fought, the Liberals won by a landslide, gaining 216 seats. The Conservatives saw their number of seats more than halve, and Arthur Balfour, now as <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a>, lost his <a href="/wiki/Manchester_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Manchester East (UK Parliament constituency)">Manchester East</a> seat to the Liberals. Campbell-Bannerman was the last Liberal to lead his party to an absolute majority in the House of Commons. Now with a majority of 125, Campbell-Bannerman was returned to Downing Street as a considerably-strengthened Prime Minister. The defeat of the Relugas conspirators in the wake of this stunning victory was later referred to as "one of the most delicious comedies in British political history".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Whereas in the past it had never been used formally, Campbell-Bannerman was the first <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a> to be given official use of the title "Prime Minister", a standard that continues to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1907, by virtue of being the member of Parliament with the longest continuous service, Campbell-Bannerman became the <a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House" title="Father of the House">Father of the House</a>, the only serving British prime minister to do so. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_reforms">Social reforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Social reforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his election address, Campbell-Bannerman spoke in favour of reforming the poor law, reducing unemployment and improving working conditions in <a href="/wiki/Sweatshop" title="Sweatshop">sweated</a> factories. The Liberal Imperialist <a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Haldane">Richard Haldane</a> claimed that Campbell-Bannerman's government "was if anything, too conservative...with that dear old Tory, C.B., at the head of it, determined to do as little as a fiery majority will allow him".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the historian <a href="/wiki/A._J._A._Morris" title="A. J. A. Morris">A. J. A. Morris</a> disagreed with this judgment, stating that Campbell-Bannerman was in 1906 what he had always been: a Gladstonian Liberal who favoured retrenchment in public expenditure that was perhaps at odds with any ambitious scheme of social reform.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another later biographer, <a href="/wiki/John_Wilson,_2nd_Baron_Moran" title="John Wilson, 2nd Baron Moran">John Wilson</a>, called Campbell-Bannerman a moderate social reformer, stating that Campbell-Bannerman favoured a better deal for the poor and the workers but like Gladstone he was opposed to too much state interference.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was said to have commented on the futility of 'our wealth, and learning and the fine flower of our civilisation and our Constitution and our political theories' calling them 'but dust and ashes' if the people who labour, the workers on whom 'the whole social fabric is maintained', continued to 'live and die in darkness and misery' in what he called 'the recesses of our great cities'. CB said that 'sunshine must be allowed to stream in, the water and the food must be kept pure and unadulterated, the streets light and clean'.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The government of Campbell-Bannerman allowed local authorities to provide <a href="/wiki/Education_(Provision_of_Meals)_Act_1906" title="Education (Provision of Meals) Act 1906">free school meals</a> (though this was not compulsory) and also strengthened the power of the trade unions with their <a href="/wiki/Trade_Disputes_Act_1906" title="Trade Disputes Act 1906">Trade Disputes Act 1906</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Workmen%27s_Compensation_Act_1906" title="Workmen's Compensation Act 1906">Workmen's Compensation Act 1906</a> gave some workers the right against their employer to a certain amount of compensation if they suffered an accident at work. The <a href="/wiki/Probation_of_Offenders_Act_1907" title="Probation of Offenders Act 1907">Probation of Offenders Act 1907</a> was passed, which established supervision within the community for young offenders as an alternative to prison. Under Campbell-Bannerman's successor, H. H. Asquith, many far-reaching <a href="/wiki/Liberal_welfare_reforms" title="Liberal welfare reforms">reforms</a> were implemented, but Campbell-Bannerman himself had, in 1906, received a deputation from representatives of 25 women's <a href="/wiki/Suffragist" class="mw-redirect" title="Suffragist">suffragist</a> groups (representing 1,000 women) though he said that his cabinet would object to this change.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_of_Lords_reforms">House of Lords reforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: House of Lords reforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the matter of House of Lords reforms, which was to become the dominant issue of the 1910 elections, Campbell-Bannerman proposed on 26 June 1907 that the Lords enjoy purely ornamental ancient privileges, but be deprived of all real legislative power; and that the Commons after tolerating for a few months the futile criticisms of the Lords would be empowered by mere lapse of a brief fraction of a year to ignore the very existence of a Second Chamber, and to proceed to pass their statute on their own authority, like the ordinances of the <a href="/wiki/Long_Parliament" title="Long Parliament">Long Parliament</a> during the <a href="/wiki/English_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="English civil war">English civil war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In essence, he maintained that the predominance of the Commons must prevail, without any appeal to the constituencies (i.e. a further general election).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/William_Sharp_McKechnie" title="William Sharp McKechnie">William Sharp McKechnie</a> characterised this as an "untried one-chambered legislature" and stated that "it could only be carried out by some revolutionary procedure."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg/220px-Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg/330px-Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg/440px-Campbell-Bannerman_and_Lansdowne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3069" data-file-height="2321" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Punch_(magazine)" title="Punch (magazine)">Punch</a> cartoon dated 19 February 1908, making fun of the relationship between House of Commons (Henry Campbell-Bannerman) and House of Lords (Lord Lansdowne).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_affairs">Foreign affairs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Foreign affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1907_Imperial_Conference" title="1907 Imperial Conference">1907 Imperial Conference</a></div> <p>Campbell-Bannerman's first speech as prime minister endorsed the intent of the <a href="/wiki/Hague_Convention_of_1907" class="mw-redirect" title="Hague Convention of 1907">Hague Convention of 1907</a> to limit armaments.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1907, he published "<i>The Hague Conference and the Limitation of Armaments</i>", an article in which he cited the growing popular and moral authority of the peace movement as reasons to freeze the status quo in the naval arms race between Germany and Britain. His effort was generally considered a failure; in the words of historian <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Tuchman" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbara Tuchman">Barbara Tuchman</a>, "the argument was narrow steering between the rocks of conscience and the shoals of political reality and it pleased nobody."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1907 conference ultimately restricted only a few new classes of armaments, such as submarine mines and projectiles fired or dropped from hot air balloons, but placed no limitations on naval expenditures.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1906, Campbell-Bannerman created a minor diplomatic incident with the Russian government when he responded to Tsar <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II" title="Nicholas II">Nicholas II</a>'s dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma_(Russian_Empire)" title="State Duma (Russian Empire)">Duma</a> with a speech in which he declared, "The Duma is dead; long live the Duma!"<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, his premiership saw the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Russian_Entente" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Russian Entente">Entente</a> with Russia in 1907, brought about principally by the Foreign Secretary, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Grey,_1st_Viscount_Grey_of_Fallodon" title="Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon">Edward Grey</a>. In January 1906 Grey sanctioned staff talks between Britain and France's army and navy but without any binding commitment. These included the plan to send one hundred thousand British soldiers to France within two weeks of a Franco-German war. Campbell-Bannerman was not informed of these at first but when Grey told him about them he gave them his blessing. This was the origin of the <a href="/wiki/British_Expeditionary_Force_(World_War_I)" title="British Expeditionary Force (World War I)">British Expeditionary Force</a> that would be sent to France in 1914 at the start of the <a href="/wiki/Great_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Great War">Great War</a> with Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell-Bannerman did not inform the rest of the Cabinet of these staff talks because there was no binding commitment and because he wanted to preserve the unity of the government. The radical members of the Cabinet such as <a href="/wiki/Lord_Loreburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Loreburn">Lord Loreburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Morley,_1st_Viscount_Morley_of_Blackburn" class="mw-redirect" title="John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn">Lord Morley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lord_Bryce" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Bryce">Lord Bryce</a> would have opposed such co-operation with the French.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman visited France in April 1907 and met the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Party_(France)" title="Radical Party (France)">Radical</a> prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Clemenceau" title="Georges Clemenceau">Georges Clemenceau</a>. Clemenceau believed that the British would help France in a war with Germany but Campbell-Bannerman told him Britain was in no way committed. He may have been unaware that the staff talks were still ongoing.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not long after this <a href="/wiki/Violet_Cecil" class="mw-redirect" title="Violet Cecil">Violet Cecil</a> met Clemenceau and she wrote down what he had said to her about the meeting: </p> <blockquote><p>Clemenceau said...'I am totally opposed to you – we both recognise a great danger and you are...reducing your army and weakening your navy.' 'Ah' said Bannerman 'but <i>that</i> is for economy!'...[Clemenceau] then said that he thought the English ought to have some kind of military service, at which Bannerman nearly fainted...'It comes to this' said Clemenceau 'in the event of your supporting us against Germany are you ready to abide by the plans agreed upon between our War Offices and to land 110,000 men on the coast while Italy marches with us in the ranks?' Then came the crowning touch of the interview. 'The sentiments of the English people would be totally averse to <i>any</i> troops being landed by England on the continent under any circumstances.' Clemenceau looks upon this as undoing the whole result of the entente cordiale and says that if that represents the final mind of the British Government, he has done with us.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Campbell-Bannerman's biographer John Wilson has described the meeting as "a clash between two fundamentally different philosophies".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Liberal journalist and friend of Campbell-Bannerman, <a href="/wiki/F._W._Hirst" class="mw-redirect" title="F. W. Hirst">F. W. Hirst</a>, claimed that Campbell-Bannerman "had not a ghost of a notion that the French Entente was being converted into a...return to the old <a href="/wiki/Balance_of_power_in_international_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Balance of power in international relations">balance of power</a> which had involved Great Britain in so many wars on the Continent. That...Grey and Haldane did not inform the Cabinet is astonishing; that a true-hearted apostle of peace like Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman should have <i>known</i> of the danger and yet concealed it from his colleagues is incredible, and I am happy to conclude...with an assurance that in the days of his triumph the Liberal leader, having fought a good fight, kept the faith to the end and was in no way responsible for the European tragedy that came to pass six years after his death".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Campbell-Bannerman's government granted the Boer states, the Transvaal and the Orange River Colony, self-government within the British Empire through an <a href="/wiki/Order_in_Council" title="Order in Council">Order in Council</a> so as to bypass the House of Lords.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This led to the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a> in 1910. The first South African Prime Minister, General <a href="/wiki/Louis_Botha" title="Louis Botha">Louis Botha</a>, believed that "Campbell-Bannerman's act [in giving self-government back to the Boers] had redressed the balance of the Anglo-Boer War, or had, at any rate, given full power to the South Africans themselves to redress it".<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former Boer general, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Smuts" title="Jan Smuts">Jan Smuts</a>, wrote to <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a> in 1919: "My experience in South Africa has made me a firm believer in political magnanimity, and your and Campbell-Bannerman's great record still remains not only the noblest but also the <i>most successful</i> page in recent British statesmanship".<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However the Unionist politician <a href="/wiki/Lord_Milner" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Milner">Lord Milner</a> opposed it, saying in August 1907: "People here – not only Liberals – seem delighted, and to think themselves wonderfully fine fellows for having given South Africa back to the Boers. I think it all sheer lunacy".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campbell-Bannerman's_government"><span id="Campbell-Bannerman.27s_government"></span>Campbell-Bannerman's government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Campbell-Bannerman's government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Henry Campbell-Bannerman – Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reid,_1st_Earl_Loreburn" title="Robert Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn">Robert Reid, 1st Earl Loreburn</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crewe-Milnes,_1st_Marquess_of_Crewe" title="Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe">Robert Crewe-Milnes, Earl of Crewe</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council" title="Lord President of the Council">Lord President of the Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Ripon" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Ripon">Lord Ripon</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Privy Seal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords" title="Leader of the House of Lords">Leader of the House of Lords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gladstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert Gladstone">Herbert Gladstone</a> – <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Home_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for the Home Department">Secretary of State for the Home Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Grey,_1st_Viscount_Grey_of_Fallodon" title="Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon">Edward Grey</a> – <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (UK)">Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Bruce,_9th_Earl_of_Elgin" title="Victor Bruce, 9th Earl of Elgin">Victor Bruce, 9th Earl of Elgin</a> – <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_the_Colonies" title="Secretary of State for the Colonies">Secretary of State for the Colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Haldane">Richard Haldane</a> – <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morley" title="John Morley">John Morley</a> – <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_India" title="Secretary of State for India">Secretary of State for India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Marjoribanks,_2nd_Baron_Tweedmouth" title="Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth">Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth</a> – <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Admiralty" title="First Lord of the Admiralty">First Lord of the Admiralty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a> – <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Trade" title="President of the Board of Trade">President of the Board of Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fowler,_1st_Viscount_Wolverhampton" title="Henry Fowler, 1st Viscount Wolverhampton">Henry Fowler</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster">Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sinclair,_1st_Baron_Pentland" title="John Sinclair, 1st Baron Pentland">John Sinclair</a> – <a href="/wiki/Secretary_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary for Scotland">Secretary for Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bryce,_1st_Viscount_Bryce" title="James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce">James Bryce</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_for_Ireland" title="Chief Secretary for Ireland">Chief Secretary for Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burns" title="John Burns">John Burns</a> – <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Local_Government_Board" title="President of the Local Government Board">President of the Local Government Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wynn-Carington,_1st_Marquess_of_Lincolnshire" title="Charles Wynn-Carington, 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire">Charles Wynn-Carington, Earl Carrington</a> – <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Agriculture">President of the Board of Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_Birrell" title="Augustine Birrell">Augustine Birrell</a> – <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Board_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Board of Education">President of the Board of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Buxton" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Buxton">Sydney Buxton</a> – <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Postmaster_General" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Postmaster General">Postmaster-General</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changes">Changes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Changes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>January 1907 – Augustine Birrell succeeds Bryce as Irish Secretary. <a href="/wiki/Reginald_McKenna" title="Reginald McKenna">Reginald McKenna</a> succeeds Birrell at the Board of Education.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>March 1907 – <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Harcourt" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis Harcourt">Lewis Harcourt</a>, the <a href="/wiki/First_Commissioner_of_Works" title="First Commissioner of Works">First Commissioner of Works</a>, enters the Cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_and_death">Retirement and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Retirement and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Not long after he became <a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House" title="Father of the House">Father of the House</a> in 1907, Campbell-Bannerman's health took a turn for the worse. Following a series of heart attacks, the most serious in November 1907, he began to fear that he would not be able to survive to the end of his term. He eventually resigned as prime minister on 3 April 1908,<sup id="cite_ref-Jenkinsp177_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenkinsp177-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was succeeded by his <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a>. Campbell-Bannerman remained both a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Leader of the Liberal Party</a>, and continued to live at <a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a> in the immediate aftermath of his resignation, intending to make other arrangements in the near future. However, his health began to decline at an even quicker pace than before, and he died on 22 April 1908, nineteen days after his resignation. His last words were "This is not the end of me".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He remains to date the only former prime minister to die within 10 Downing Street.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell-Bannerman was buried in the churchyard of <a href="/wiki/Meigle" title="Meigle">Meigle Parish Church</a>, Perthshire, near Belmont Castle, his home since 1887. A relatively modest stone plaque set in the exterior wall of the church serves as a memorial. </p><p><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Hunton" title="St Mary's Church, Hunton">St Mary's Church, Hunton</a> (English Heritage Legacy ID: 432265) contains a marble tablet on the nave wall dedicated to Henry Campbell-Bannerman.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_(27803322372).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_%2827803322372%29.jpg/170px-Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_%2827803322372%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_%2827803322372%29.jpg/255px-Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_%2827803322372%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_%2827803322372%29.jpg/340px-Sir_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_%2827803322372%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3516" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Statue of Henry Campbell-Bannerman">Statue of Campbell-Bannerman</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG/170px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG/255px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG/340px-Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_by_Paul_Raphael_Montford.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Henry Campbell-Bannerman by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Raphael_Montford" title="Paul Raphael Montford">Paul Raphael Montford</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Views_of_contemporaries">Views of contemporaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Views of contemporaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the day of Campbell-Bannerman's death the flag of the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Club" title="National Liberal Club">National Liberal Club</a> was lowered to half-mast, the blinds were drawn and his portrait was draped in black as a sign of mourning.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Times_1908_p._5_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Times_1908_p._5-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Redmond" title="John Redmond">John Redmond</a>, the leader of the Irish Nationalist Party, paid tribute to Campbell-Bannerman by saying that "We all feel that Ireland has lost a brave and considerate friend".<sup id="cite_ref-The_Times_1908_p._5_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Times_1908_p._5-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a> said on hearing of Campbell-Bannerman's death: </p> <blockquote><p>I think it will be felt by the community as a whole as if they had lost a relative. Certainly those who have been associated with him closely for years will feel a deep sense of personal bereavement. I have never met a great public figure since I have been in politics who so completely won the attachment and affection of the men who came into contact with him. He was not merely admired and respected; he was absolutely loved by us all. I really cannot trust myself to say more. The masses of the people of this country, especially the more unfortunate of them, have lost the best friend they ever had in the high places of the land. His sympathy in all suffering was real, deep, and unaffected. He was truly a great man—a great head and a great heart. He was absolutely the bravest man I ever met in politics. He was entirely free from fear. He was a man of supreme courage. Ireland has certainly lost one of her truest friends, and what is true of Ireland is true of every section of the community of this Empire which has a fight to maintain against powerful foes.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Times_1908_p._5_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Times_1908_p._5-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In an uncharacteristically emotional speech on 27 April, the day of Campbell-Bannerman's funeral, his successor <a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a> told the House of Commons: </p> <blockquote><p>What was the secret of the hold which in these later days he unquestionably had on the admiration and affection of men of all parties and all creeds? ...he was singularly sensitive to human suffering and wrongdoing, delicate and even tender in his sympathies, always disposed to despise victories won in any sphere by mere brute force, an almost passionate lover of peace. And yet we have not seen in our time a man of greater courage—courage not of the defiant or aggressive type, but calm, patient, persistent, indomitable...In politics I think he may be fairly described as an idealist in aim, and an optimist by temperament. Great causes appealed to him. He was not ashamed, even on the verge of old age, to see visions and to dream dreams. He had no misgivings as to the future of democracy. He had a single-minded and unquenchable faith in the unceasing progress and the growing unity of mankind...He never put himself forward, yet no one had greater tenacity of purpose. He was the least cynical of mankind, but no one had a keener eye for the humours and ironies of the political situation. He was a strenuous and uncompromising fighter, a strong Party man, but he harboured no resentments, and was generous to a fault in appreciation of the work of others, whether friends or foes. He met both good and evil fortune with the same unclouded brow, the same unruffled temper, the same unshakable confidence in the justice and righteousness of his cause...He has gone to his rest, and to-day in this House, of which he was the senior and the most honoured Member, we may call a truce in the strife of parties, while we remember together our common loss, and pay our united homage to a gracious and cherished memory—</p></blockquote> <blockquote><p>How happy is he born and taught<br />That serveth not another's will;<br />Whose armour is his honest thought,<br />And simple truth his utmost skill;<br />This man is freed from servile bands<br />Of hope to rise or fear to fall;<br />Lord of himself, though not of lands,<br />And, having nothing, yet hath all.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smillie" title="Robert Smillie">Robert Smillie</a>, the trade unionist and Labour MP, said that, after Gladstone, Campbell-Bannerman was the greatest man he had ever met.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Views_of_historians">Views of historians</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Views of historians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg/170px-SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg/255px-SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg/340px-SIR_HENRY_CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN_1836-1908_Prime_Minister_lived_here.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Blue plaque at 6 Grosvenor Place, London</figcaption></figure> <p>Historians agree that in his 28 months as prime minister, Campbell-Bannerman was relatively undistinguished with few significant reforms enacted. Major bills such as plural voting, land reform, and licensing reform were shredded in the Lords. Education Bills of 1906 and 1907 were rejected by both party supporters and Unionist peers. The bills that were passed were either technical or the result of cross-party consensus. Campbell-Bannerman had no apparent plan to circumvent the Lords' veto and did little to stimulate the social reform program. Campbell-Bannerman was passive and uninvolved in his dealings with the cabinet, leading to diffuse debates and ill-focused methods of handling business. He failed to supervise Grey's foreign policy, He failed to consult the full cabinet before initiating momentous discussions on defense interests with the French in 1906. As a result, his competence was severely questioned. However, historians have identified a few positive aspects of his tenure, including laying the foundation for a more effective government under Asquith. He was part of a period of Scottish dominance in the Prime Minister role and he represented Scotland's full integration into the political realm. Additionally, Campbell-Bannerman was the first Prime Minister with direct business experience and not from a landed, Anglican background.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historian <a href="/wiki/George_Dangerfield" title="George Dangerfield">George Dangerfield</a> in 1935 concluded that Campbell-Bannerman's death "was like the passing of true Liberalism. Henry had believed in Peace, Retrenchment, and Reform, those amiable deities who presided so complacently over large portions of the Victorian era... And now almost the last true worshipper at those large, equivocal altars lay dead".<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell-Bannerman held firmly to the Liberal principles of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cobden" title="Richard Cobden">Richard Cobden</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ODNB_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not until Campbell-Bannerman's departure that the doctrines of <a href="/wiki/Social_liberalism" title="Social liberalism">New Liberalism</a> came to be implemented.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/R._B._McCallum" title="R. B. McCallum">R. B. McCallum</a> stated that "Campbell-Bannerman was of pure Gladstonian vintage and a hero to the Radicals".<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich Hayek</a> said: "Perhaps the government of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman... should be regarded as the last Liberal government of the old type, while under his successor, H. H. Asquith, new experiments in social policy were undertaken which were only doubtfully compatible with the older Liberal principles".<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other historical accounts, however, have portrayed Campbell-Bannerman as a genuine progressive figure. According to one study, Campbell-Bannerman's views "were broadly those of the party's centre-left: a belief in individual freedom, a desire to help the disadvantaged, an aversion to imperialism and support for Irish self-government."<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his time as prime minister, Campbell-Bannerman supported such measures as safeguards for trade unions,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> old-age pensions,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and urban planning to improve housing.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As far back as 1903, Campbell-Bannerman had spoken of the intention of the Liberal Party to do something about the "twelve million people in England [who] were living on the verge of starvation,"<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1930s, one-time Labour Party leader <a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">George Lansbury</a> wrote admiringly of Campbell-Bannerman, describing him as a man who "believed in peace and was not afraid of the word Socialism, and did believe unemployment was a national problem and the unemployed the care of the State."<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His bronze bust, sculpted by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Raphael_Montford" title="Paul Raphael Montford">Paul Raphael Montford</a>, is in <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a <a href="/wiki/Blue_plaque" title="Blue plaque">blue plaque</a> outside Campbell-Bannerman's house at 6 Grosvenor Place in London, unveiled in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Campbell-Bannerman was the subject of several parody novels based on the 1865 <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Carroll" title="Lewis Carroll">Lewis Carroll</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland" class="mw-redirect" title="Alice in Wonderland">Alice in Wonderland</a></i>, such as Caroline Lewis's (pseudonym for <a href="/wiki/Edward_Harold_Begbie" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Harold Begbie">Edward Harold Begbie</a>, J. Stafford Ransome, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Henry_Temple" title="Michael Henry Temple">Michael Henry Temple</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Clara_in_Blunderland" title="Clara in Blunderland">Clara in Blunderland</a></i> (1902) and <i><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Blunderland" title="Lost in Blunderland">Lost in Blunderland</a></i> (1903).<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Liberalism in the United Kingdom">Liberalism in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ODNB-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODNB_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/A._J._A._Morris" title="A. J. A. Morris">A. J. A. Morris</a>, '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32275">Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1836–1908)</a>', <i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i>, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 29 March 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMacpherson2021" class="citation news cs1">Macpherson, Hamish (5 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenational.scot/news/19559555.henry-campbell-bannerman-remembering-glasgows-prime-minister/">"Back in the day – Remembering Glasgow's only PM and the last to die in Number 10"</a>. <i>Sunday National</i>. p. 11 in SevenDays supplement<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sunday+National&rft.atitle=Back+in+the+day+%E2%80%93+Remembering+Glasgow%27s+only+PM+and+the+last+to+die+in+Number+10&rft.pages=11+in+SevenDays+supplement&rft.date=2021-09-05&rft.aulast=Macpherson&rft.aufirst=Hamish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenational.scot%2Fnews%2F19559555.henry-campbell-bannerman-remembering-glasgows-prime-minister%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/asquith_herbert.shtml">"HH Asquith (1852–1928)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HH+Asquith+%281852%E2%80%931928%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fhistoric_figures%2Fasquith_herbert.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2008, online</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James MacLehose, <i>Memoirs and Portraits of One Hundred Glasgow Men</i> (Glasgow: James MacLehose and Sons, 1886), p. 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">MacLehose, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFACADCMBL854H" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search-2018.pl?sur=&suro=w&fir=&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&z=all&tex=CMBL854H&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50">"Campbell [post Campbell Bannerman], Henry (CMBL854H)"</a>. <i>A Cambridge Alumni Database</i>. University of Cambridge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Campbell+%5Bpost+Campbell+Bannerman%5D%2C+Henry+%28CMBL854H%29&rft.btitle=A+Cambridge+Alumni+Database&rft.pub=University+of+Cambridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvenn.lib.cam.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fsearch-2018.pl%3Fsur%3D%26suro%3Dw%26fir%3D%26firo%3Dc%26cit%3D%26cito%3Dc%26c%3Dall%26z%3Dall%26tex%3DCMBL854H%26sye%3D%26eye%3D%26col%3Dall%26maxcount%3D50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Massie,_p._547-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Massie,_p._547_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massie,_p._547_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Massie, p. 547.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NlhQAQAAMAAJ&q=peerage+Henry+campbell-bannerman&pg=PA1634"><i>Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage</i></a>. 1898. p. 1634.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burke%27s+Genealogical+and+Heraldic+History+of+Peerage%2C+Baronetage+and+Knightage&rft.pages=1634&rft.date=1898&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNlhQAQAAMAAJ%26q%3Dpeerage%2BHenry%2Bcampbell-bannerman%26pg%3DPA1634&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.countrylife.co.uk/property/wonderful-country-house-just-outside-london-home-tudor-rebel-one-last-liberal-prime-ministers-200371,">A wonderful country house just outside London that was once home to a Tudor rebel and one of the last Liberal prime ministers</a>, countrylife.co.uk</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Wilson, <i>CB: A Life of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</i> (London, 1973), p. 46 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-0945-8950-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-0945-8950-6">978-0-0945-8950-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 47</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://houseandheritage.org/tag/hunton/,">HUNTON COURT</a>, houseandheritage.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roy Hattersley, <i>Campbell-Bannerman (British Prime Ministers of the 20th century series)</i> (London: Haus Publishing Limited, 2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tuchman, Barbara. <i>The Proud Tower</i>. Ed. Margaret MacMillan. New York: Library of America, 2012. p. 881.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obpa-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-obpa_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson1989" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Paul, ed. (1989). <i>The Oxford Book of Political Anecdotes</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 172.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Book+of+Political+Anecdotes&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ray Westlake, <i>Tracing the Rifle Volunteers</i>, Barnsley: Pen and Sword, 2010, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-8488-4211-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-8488-4211-3">978-1-8488-4211-3</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32275">"Bannerman, Sir Henry Campbell- (1836–1908), prime minister | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32275">10.1093/ref:odnb/32275</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bannerman%2C+Sir+Henry+Campbell-+%281836%E2%80%931908%29%2C+prime+minister+%26%23124%3B+Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32275&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F32275&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spender, <i>Volume I</i>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spender, <i>Volume I</i>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Massie, pp. 548–549.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson pp. 250–258.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. E. Tyler, "Campbell-Bannerman and the Liberal Imperialists, (1906–1908)." <i>History</i> 23.91 (1938): 254–262. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24401573">online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilson-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wilson_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1973" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, John (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cblifeofsirhenry0000wils/page/349"><i>CB – A life of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</i></a>. London: Constable and Company Limited. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cblifeofsirhenry0000wils/page/349">349</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-0945-8950-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-0945-8950-6"><bdi>978-0-0945-8950-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CB+%E2%80%93+A+life+of+Sir+Henry+Campbell-Bannerman&rft.place=London&rft.pages=349&rft.pub=Constable+and+Company+Limited&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-0945-8950-6&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcblifeofsirhenry0000wils%2Fpage%2F349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frank Trentmann, <i>Free Trade Nation. Commerce, Consumption, and Civil Society in Modern Britain</i> (Oxford University Press, 2008), p. 157.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Times</i> (29 November 1902), p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Wilson, <i>C.B.: A Life of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</i> (London: Constable, 1973), p. 394.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 407.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 413.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 394.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 506.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelf2006261-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelf2006261_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelf2006">Self 2006</a>, p. 261.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Sir H. Campbell-Bannerman at the Albert-Hall', <i>The Times</i>. London. 22 December 1905. p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Ratcliffe, review of <i>Asquith</i> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Koss" title="Stephen Koss">Stephen Koss</a>, published by Allen Lane, 1976: <i> The Times</i>. London. 26 August 1976. p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211340/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/henry-campbell-bannerman">Website of British Prime Minister, article on Campbell-Bannerman</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 500.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 641.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://exhibits.library.duke.edu/exhibits/show/baskin/item/4237">"Women's Suffrage Deputation: Received by the Prime Minister, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, on Saturday, May 19th, 1906, at the Foreign Office"</a>. <i>exhibits.library.duke.edu</i>. London. 1906. Lisa Unger Baskin Collection, Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University. Item 4237<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=exhibits.library.duke.edu&rft.atitle=Women%27s+Suffrage+Deputation%3A+Received+by+the+Prime+Minister%2C+Sir+Henry+Campbell-Bannerman%2C+on+Saturday%2C+May+19th%2C+1906%2C+at+the+Foreign+Office&rft.date=1906&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexhibits.library.duke.edu%2Fexhibits%2Fshow%2Fbaskin%2Fitem%2F4237&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/William_Sharp_McKechnie" title="William Sharp McKechnie">McKechnie, William Sharp</a>, 1909: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reformofhouseofl00mckeuoft"><i>The reform of the House of Lords; with a criticism of the Report of the Select Committee of 2nd December, 1908</i></a>, p.2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/William_Sharp_McKechnie" title="William Sharp McKechnie">McKechnie, William Sharp</a>, 1909: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reformofhouseofl00mckeuoft"><i>The reform of the House of Lords; with a criticism of the Report of the Select Committee of 2nd December, 1908</i></a>, p.21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/William_Sharp_McKechnie" title="William Sharp McKechnie">McKechnie, William Sharp</a>, 1909: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/reformofhouseofl00mckeuoft"><i>The reform of the House of Lords; with a criticism of the Report of the Select Committee of 2nd December, 1908</i></a>, p.122</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The cartoon refers to the debate on the Small Landholders (Scotland) Bill, which was then taking place. See <i>Hansard</i>, HC, DB, 18 February 1908. This bill was a precursor to The Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tuchman, p. 881.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tuchman, p. 886</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Hague-Conventions">"Hague Convention"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. Accessed 28 April 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tuchman, p. 883.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 528.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, pp. 530–531.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 541.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, pp. 541–542.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 542.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">F. W. Hirst, <i>In the Golden Days</i> (London: Frederick Muller Ltd, 1947), p. 265.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 489.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. K. Hancock, <i>Smuts. Volume I: The Sanguine Years. 1870–1919</i> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962), p. 357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hancock, p. 512.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, p. 491.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">All posts referenced in Cook, Chris. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6cueJ_JAamQC&dq=%22Lord+Loreburn%22+%22Lord+Chancellor%22&pg=PA52">The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century, 1815–1914.</a></i> Abingdon: Routledge, 2005. p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Daglish, Neal. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uSlmAgAAQBAJ&dq=Campbell+Bannerman+McKenna+%22board+of+education%22&pg=PA315">Education Policy Making in England and Wales: The Crucible Years, 1895–1911.</a></i> Abingdon: Routledge, 2013. p. 315.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jenkins, Roy. <i>Churchill: A Biography.</i> New York: MacMillan, 2001. p. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jenkinsp177-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jenkinsp177_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins, Roy</a> (1986). "An Assured Succession 1908". <i>Asquith</i> (Third ed.). London: Collins. p. 178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-0021-7712-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-0021-7712-9"><bdi>0-0021-7712-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=An+Assured+Succession+1908&rft.btitle=Asquith&rft.place=London&rft.pages=178&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Collins&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-0021-7712-9&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030313151334/http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/page141.asp">"Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman at 10 Downing Street"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pm.gov.uk/output/page141.asp">the original</a> on 13 March 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sir+Henry+Campbell-Bannerman+at+10+Downing+Street&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pm.gov.uk%2Foutput%2Fpage141.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Molly Oldfield & John Mitchinson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/9297300/QI-Quite-interesting-facts-about-10-Downing-Street.html">"QI: Quite interesting facts about 10 Downing Street"</a>. <i>The Telegraph.</i> 29 May 2012. Accessed 28 April 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101250030-church-of-st-mary-hunton">https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101250030-church-of-st-mary-hunton</a>, Church of St Mary – A Grade I Listed Building in Hunton, Kent</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Times_1908_p._5-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Times_1908_p._5_65-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Times_1908_p._5_65-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Times_1908_p._5_65-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Times</i> (23 April 1908), p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1908/apr/27/the-late-prime-minister">"THE LATE PRIME MINISTER"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)</a></i>. 27 April 1908.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parliamentary+Debates+%28Hansard%29&rft.atitle=THE+LATE+PRIME+MINISTER.&rft.date=1908-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Fcommons%2F1908%2Fapr%2F27%2Fthe-late-prime-minister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilson, pp. 631–632".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The poem is the first and last verses of <i>The Character of a Happy Life</i> by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wotton" title="Henry Wotton">Henry Wotton</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Smillie, <i>My Life for Labour</i> (Richmond, 1926), p. 242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Eccleshall and Graham Walker, eds. <i>Biographical Dictionary of British Prime Ministers</i> (1998) pp. 239–240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">George Dangerfield, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Strange_Death_of_Liberal_England" title="The Strange Death of Liberal England">The Strange Death of Liberal England</a></i> (1935), p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. H. Greenleaf, <i>The British Political Tradition. Volume Two: The Ideological Heritage</i> (London: Methuen, 1983), p. 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. B. McCallum, <i>The Liberal Party from Earl Grey to Asquith</i> (London: Victor Gollancz, 1963), p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedrich Hayek, <i>New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics and the History of Ideas</i> (Taylor & Francis, 1978), p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearceGoodlad2013" class="citation book cs1">Pearce, Robert; Goodlad, Graham (2 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MBeMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT20"><i>British Prime Ministers From Balfour to Brown</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-1350-4538-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-1350-4538-8"><bdi>978-1-1350-4538-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Prime+Ministers+From+Balfour+to+Brown&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-09-02&rft.isbn=978-1-1350-4538-8&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Goodlad%2C+Graham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMBeMAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubinstein2006" class="citation book cs1">Rubinstein, David (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=73-Trt8fqz8C&pg=PA33"><i>The Labour Party and British Society</i></a>. Sussex Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-8451-9056-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-8451-9056-9"><bdi>978-1-8451-9056-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Labour+Party+and+British+Society&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-8451-9056-9&rft.aulast=Rubinstein&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D73-Trt8fqz8C%26pg%3DPA33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacNicol2002" class="citation book cs1">MacNicol, John (18 April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TJiYmNayUvUC&pg=PA154"><i>The Politics of Retirement in Britain, 1878–1948</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-5218-9260-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-5218-9260-5"><bdi>978-0-5218-9260-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Retirement+in+Britain%2C+1878%E2%80%931948&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002-04-18&rft.isbn=978-0-5218-9260-5&rft.aulast=MacNicol&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTJiYmNayUvUC%26pg%3DPA154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiepmann2012" class="citation book cs1">Liepmann, Kate (12 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-SmEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA93"><i>The Journey to Work</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-1346-8470-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-1346-8470-0"><bdi>978-1-1346-8470-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Journey+to+Work&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012-10-12&rft.isbn=978-1-1346-8470-0&rft.aulast=Liepmann&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-SmEAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart_Reid1985" class="citation book cs1">Stewart Reid, J.H (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0Mf4ppNpnuwC&pg=PA97"><i>Turn of Life's Tide</i></a>. U of Minnesota Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-0115-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-0115-8"><bdi>978-0-8166-0115-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Turn+of+Life%27s+Tide&rft.pub=U+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-8166-0115-8&rft.aulast=Stewart+Reid&rft.aufirst=J.H&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0Mf4ppNpnuwC%26pg%3DPA97&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Simkin" class="citation web cs1">John Simkin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spartacus-educational.com/PRbannerman.htm">"Henry Campbell-Bannerman"</a>. <i>Spartacus Educational</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spartacus+Educational&rft.atitle=Henry+Campbell-Bannerman&rft.au=John+Simkin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspartacus-educational.com%2FPRbannerman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061002233036/http://www.web-mouse.co.uk/remembrance/additionalinfo/britishwarmemorials/hf-ai-bwm-montford.htm">"British war memorials · paul montford"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.web-mouse.co.uk/remembrance/additionalinfo/britishwarmemorials/hf-ai-bwm-montford.htm">the original</a> on 2 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+war+memorials+%C2%B7+paul+montford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.web-mouse.co.uk%2Fremembrance%2Fadditionalinfo%2Fbritishwarmemorials%2Fhf-ai-bwm-montford.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120609132629/http://www.heraldscotland.com/plaque-unveiled-to-the-forgotten-prime-minister-from-glasgow-1.848662">"Plaque unveiled to the forgotten Prime Minister, Glasgow Herald, 7 December 2008"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heraldscotland.com/plaque-unveiled-to-the-forgotten-prime-minister-from-glasgow-1.848662">the original</a> on 9 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plaque+unveiled+to+the+forgotten+Prime+Minister%2C+Glasgow+Herald%2C+7+December+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heraldscotland.com%2Fplaque-unveiled-to-the-forgotten-prime-minister-from-glasgow-1.848662&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sigler, Carolyn, ed. 1997. <i>Alternative Alices: Visions and Revisions of Lewis Carroll's "Alice" Books.</i> Lexington, KY, University Press of Kentucky. Pp. 340–347</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dickinson, Evelyn. 1902. "Literary Note and Books of the Month", in <i>United Australia</i>, Vol. II, No. 12, 20 June 1902</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bernstein, George L. "Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman and the Liberal Imperialists." <i>Journal of British Studies</i> 23.1 (1983): 105–124.</li> <li>Cameron, Ewen A. <i>Maistly Scotch</i> Campbell-Bannerman and Liberal Leadership', <i>Journal of Liberal History</i>, Issue 54, Spring 2007.</li> <li>Eccleshall, Robert, and Graham Walker, eds. <i>Biographical Dictionary of British Prime Ministers</i> (1998) pp. 239–243. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict0000unse_k7v1">online</a></li> <li>Gutzke, David W. "Rosebery and Campbell‐Bannerman: the Conflict over Leadership Reconsidered." <i>Historical Research</i> 54.130 (1981): 241–250.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="no" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Goldman" title="Lawrence Goldman">Goldman, Lawrence</a> (25 May 2006). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-95348">"The general election of 1906"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F95348">10.1093/ref:odnb/95348</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-1986-1412-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-1986-1412-8"><bdi>978-0-1986-1412-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+general+election+of+1906&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006-05-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F95348&rft.isbn=978-0-1986-1412-8&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-95348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Greaves,_Baron_Greaves" title="Tony Greaves, Baron Greaves">Greaves, Tony</a>. 'Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman', in Duncan Brack (ed.), <i>Dictionary of Liberal Biography</i> (Politico's, 1998), pp. 69–73.</li> <li>Harris, J. F. and C. Hazlehurst, 'Campbell-Bannerman as prime minister', <i>History</i>, 55 (1970), pp. 360–83. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24407608">online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattersley,_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Hattersley, Roy">Hattersley, Roy</a>. <i>Campbell-Bannerman</i> (British Prime Ministers of the 20th century series) (Haus, 2006).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard,_Dick" class="mw-redirect" title="Leonard, Dick">Leonard, Dick</a>. "Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman—'A Good, Honest Scotchman'." in Leonard, <i>A Century of Premiers</i> (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005) pp. 37–52.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackintosh,_John_Pitcairn" class="mw-redirect" title="Mackintosh, John Pitcairn">Mackintosh, John Pitcairn</a>. <i>British Prime Ministers in the Twentieth Century: Balfour to Chamberlain. Vol. 1</i> ( Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massie,_Robert_K." class="mw-redirect" title="Massie, Robert K.">Massie, Robert K.</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought:_Britain,_Germany,_and_the_Coming_of_the_Great_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreadnought: Britain, Germany, and the Coming of the Great War">Dreadnought: Britain, Germany, and the Coming of the Great War</a></i> New York: Random House, 1991.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Morris, A. J. A. (January 2008) [September 2004]. "Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1836–1908)". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F94620">10.1093/ref:odnb/94620</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sir+Henry+Campbell-Bannerman+%281836%E2%80%931908%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F94620&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=A.+J.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Connor,_T._P." class="mw-redirect" title="O'Connor, T. P.">O'Connor, T. P.</a> <i>Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</i> (Hodder & Stoughton, 1908).</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1912" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Sinclair, John (1912). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1912 supplement/Campbell-Bannerman, Henry"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1912_supplement/Campbell-Bannerman,_Henry">"Campbell-Bannerman, Henry" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a> (2nd supplement)</i>. London: Smith, Elder & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Campbell-Bannerman%2C+Henry&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography+%282nd+supplement%29&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._A._Spender" title="J. A. Spender">J. A. Spender</a>, <i>The Life of the Right Honourable Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman GCB</i> (Hodder & Stoughton, 1923, 2 Volumes). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeofrighthonsi01spenuoft">Vol. I online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSelf2006" class="citation book cs1">Self, Robert (2006). <i>Neville Chamberlain: A Biography</i>. Ashgate. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-5615-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-5615-9"><bdi>978-0-7546-5615-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neville+Chamberlain%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Ashgate&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-5615-9&rft.aulast=Self&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Tuchman, Barbara. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Proud_Tower" title="The Proud Tower">The Proud Tower</a></i>. Ed. Margaret MacMillan. New York: Library of America, 2012.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1973" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, John (1973). <i>C. B.: A Life of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</i>. Constable & St Martin's Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=C.+B.%3A+A+Life+of+Sir+Henry+Campbell-Bannerman&rft.pub=Constable+%26+St+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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Campbell-Bannerman</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Henry Campbell-Bannerman">Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Henry Campbell-Bannerman">Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i> 1803–2005: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/people/sir-henry-campbell-bannerman">contributions in Parliament by Henry Campbell Bannerman</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/parliamentwork/communicating/from-the-parliamentary-collections/furniss1/furniss4/">Campbell Bannerman caricature by Harry Furniss – UK Parliament Living Heritage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061001000155/http://www.liberalhistory.org.uk/item_single.php?item_id=4&item=biography">Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman</a> biography from the Liberal Democrat History Group</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/people/henry-campbell-bannerman">Biography</a> on the Downing Street website.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F257613">"Archival material relating to Henry Campbell-Bannerman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">UK National Archives</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archival+material+relating+to+Henry+Campbell-Bannerman&rft.pub=UK+National+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fc%2FF257613&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Campbell-Bannerman" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106618#P3029" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp00726">Portraits of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106618#P1816" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.lse.ac.uk/collections/politicalandtariffreformposters">Political posters including Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a> on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.lse.ac.uk/">LSE Digital Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/002937">Newspaper clippings about Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/14357">Works by Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Ramsay_(of_Kildalton)" title="John Ramsay (of Kildalton)">John Ramsay</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Burghs" class="mw-redirect" title="Stirling Burghs">Stirling Burghs</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">1868</a>–1908 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ponsonby" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Ponsonby">Arthur Ponsonby</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Cranch_Walker_Vivian" class="mw-redirect" title="John Cranch Walker Vivian">John Vivian</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_War_Office" title="Financial Secretary to the War Office">Financial Secretary to the War Office</a> </b><br />1871–1874 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Stanley" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Stanley">Frederick Stanley</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Loyd-Lindsay" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Loyd-Lindsay">Robert Loyd-Lindsay</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_to_the_War_Office" title="Financial Secretary to the War Office">Financial Secretary to the War Office</a> </b><br />1880–1882 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hayter" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Hayter">Arthur Hayter</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Otto_Trevelyan" class="mw-redirect" title="George Otto Trevelyan">George Otto Trevelyan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretary_to_the_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretary to the Admiralty">Parliamentary Secretary to the Admiralty</a> </b><br />1882–1884 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brassey,_1st_Earl_Brassey" title="Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey">Thomas Brassey</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_for_Ireland" title="Chief Secretary for Ireland">Chief Secretary for Ireland</a> </b><br />1884–1885 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Hart_Dyke" title="William Hart Dyke">William Hart Dyke</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gathorne_Gathorne-Hardy,_1st_Earl_of_Cranbrook" title="Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook">Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, Viscount Cranbrook</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a> </b><br />1886 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Smith_(1825%E2%80%931891)" title="William Henry Smith (1825–1891)">William Henry Smith</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stanhope" title="Edward Stanhope">Edward Stanhope</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_War" title="Secretary of State for War">Secretary of State for War</a> </b><br />1892–1895 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_5th_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne">Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Vernon_Harcourt_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Vernon Harcourt (politician)">William Vernon Harcourt</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Opposition (UK)">Leader of the Opposition</a> </b><br />1899–1905 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Arthur Balfour</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> </b><br />1905–1908 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="3">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/First_Lord_of_the_Treasury" title="First Lord of the Treasury">First Lord of the Treasury</a> </b><br />1905–1908 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a> </b><br />1905–1908 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Vernon_Harcourt_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Vernon Harcourt (politician)">William Vernon Harcourt</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_British_Liberal_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the British Liberal Party">Leader of the British Liberal Party</a> </b><br />1899–1908<br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">With <a href="/wiki/John_Wodehouse,_1st_Earl_of_Kimberley" title="John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley">John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley</a> (1899–1902)<br /><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer,_5th_Earl_Spencer" title="John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer">John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer</a> (1902–05)</span></i> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="3">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)#Leaders_of_the_Liberal_Party_in_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Leader in the Commons</a> </b><br />1899–1908 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Earl of Rosebery</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Liberal_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Liberal Federation">Scottish Liberal Federation</a> </b><br />1901–1908 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFF157;">Honorary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Henry_Finch" class="mw-redirect" title="George Henry Finch">George Henry Finch</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House" title="Father of the House">Father of the House</a> </b><br />1907–1908 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Kennaway,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir John Kennaway, 3rd Baronet">John Kennaway</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Henry_Campbell-Bannerman113" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Template:Henry Campbell-Bannerman"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Template talk:Henry Campbell-Bannerman"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Henry_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Henry Campbell-Bannerman"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Henry_Campbell-Bannerman113" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premiership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_government,_1905%E2%80%931915#Campbell-Bannerman_ministry" title="Liberal government, 1905–1915">Campbell-Bannerman ministry (1905-1908)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg/100px-Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg/150px-Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg/200px-Picture_of_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1906 United Kingdom general election">1906</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Constituency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Burghs_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Stirling Burghs (UK Parliament constituency)">Stirling Burghs</a> (1868-1908)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_Lady_Campbell-Bannerman" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte, Lady Campbell-Bannerman">Charlotte, Lady Campbell-Bannerman</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Campbell_(politician)" title="James Alexander Campbell (politician)">James Alexander Campbell</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Clara_in_Blunderland" title="Clara in Blunderland">Clara in Blunderland</a></i> (Book, 1902)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lost_in_Blunderland" title="Lost in Blunderland">Lost in Blunderland</a></i> (Book, 1903)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Seventh" title="Edward the Seventh">Edward the Seventh</a></i> (TV, 1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1895_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Rosebery_ministry" title="1895 vote of no confidence in the Rosebery ministry">1895 Cordite vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennings_Park" title="Gennings Park">Gennings Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meigle" title="Meigle">Meigle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Hunton" title="St Mary's Church, Hunton">St Mary's Church, Hunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(United_Kingdom)" title="Father of the House (United Kingdom)">Father of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relugas_Compact" title="Relugas Compact">Relugas Compact</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Other_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_navigational_boxes116" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Other_Henry_Campbell-Bannerman_navigational_boxes116" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other Henry Campbell-Bannerman navigational boxes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom_(list)335" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Prime ministers of the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom_(list)335" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime ministers of the United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of prime ministers of the United Kingdom">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Walpole" title="Robert Walpole">Walpole (Orford)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Compton,_1st_Earl_of_Wilmington" title="Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington">Wilmington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham" title="Henry Pelham">Pelham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pelham-Holles,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle" title="Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle">Newcastle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish,_4th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire">Devonshire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pelham-Holles,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle" title="Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle">Newcastle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart,_3rd_Earl_of_Bute" title="John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute">Bute</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Grenville" title="George Grenville">G. Grenville</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham" title="Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham">Rockingham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt,_1st_Earl_of_Chatham" title="William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham">Chatham (Pitt the Elder)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Augustus_FitzRoy,_3rd_Duke_of_Grafton" title="Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton">Grafton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_North,_Lord_North" title="Frederick North, Lord North">North</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham" title="Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham">Rockingham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne" title="William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne">Shelburne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish-Bentinck,_3rd_Duke_of_Portland" title="William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland">Portland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">Pitt the Younger</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">Pitt the Younger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Addington" title="Henry Addington">Addington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">Pitt the Younger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Grenville,_1st_Baron_Grenville" title="William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville">Lord Grenville</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Cavendish-Bentinck,_3rd_Duke_of_Portland" title="William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland">Portland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Perceval" title="Spencer Perceval">Perceval</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Jenkinson,_2nd_Earl_of_Liverpool" title="Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Canning" title="George Canning">Canning</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/F._J._Robinson,_1st_Viscount_Goderich" title="F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich">Goderich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey" title="Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey">Grey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Melbourne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Melbourne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Hamilton-Gordon,_4th_Earl_of_Aberdeen" title="George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Palmerston</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Palmerston</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli (Beaconsfield)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Rosebery</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell-Bannerman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">Asquith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">Lloyd George</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bonar_Law" title="Bonar Law">Law</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Eden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Macmillan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Douglas-Home" title="Alec Douglas-Home">Douglas-Home</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">Major</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">Cameron</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">May</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liz_Truss" title="Liz Truss">Truss</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Sunak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Prime_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Prime ministers of the United Kingdom">Category</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_House_of_Commons66" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Template:Leaders of the House of Commons"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Template talk:Leaders of the House of Commons"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the House of Commons"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_House_of_Commons66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leaders of the House of Commons</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Walpole" title="Robert Walpole">Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Sandys,_1st_Baron_Sandys" title="Samuel Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys">Sandys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham" title="Henry Pelham">Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Robinson,_1st_Baron_Grantham" title="Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fox,_1st_Baron_Holland" title="Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland">H. Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt,_1st_Earl_of_Chatham" title="William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham">Pitt the Elder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1757_caretaker_ministry" title="1757 caretaker ministry">Vacant (caretaker ministry)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt,_1st_Earl_of_Chatham" title="William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham">Pitt the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grenville" title="George Grenville">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fox,_1st_Baron_Holland" title="Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland">H. Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grenville" title="George Grenville">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Seymour_Conway" title="Henry Seymour Conway">Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_North,_Lord_North" title="Frederick North, Lord North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">C. Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Townshend,_1st_Viscount_Sydney" title="Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney">Townshend</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">C. Fox</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frederick_North,_Lord_North" title="Frederick North, Lord North">North</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">Pitt the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Addington" title="Henry Addington">Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">Pitt the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">C. Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey" title="Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey">Howick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Perceval" title="Spencer Perceval">Perceval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stewart,_Viscount_Castlereagh" title="Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh">Castlereagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Canning" title="George Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Huskisson" title="William Huskisson">Huskisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer,_3rd_Earl_Spencer" title="John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer">Althorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Palmerston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Palmerston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Northcote,_1st_Earl_of_Iddesleigh" title="Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh">Northcote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hicks_Beach,_1st_Earl_St_Aldwyn" title="Michael Hicks Beach, 1st Earl St Aldwyn">Hicks-Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Randolph_Churchill" title="Lord Randolph Churchill">R. Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Smith_(1825%E2%80%931891)" title="William Henry Smith (1825–1891)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harcourt_(politician)" title="William Harcourt (politician)">Harcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonar_Law" title="Bonar Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austen_Chamberlain" title="Austen Chamberlain">A. Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonar_Law" title="Bonar Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">N. Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">W. Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Cripps" title="Stafford Cripps">Cripps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Eden" title="Anthony Eden">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Chuter_Ede" title="James Chuter Ede">Chuter Ede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Crookshank" title="Harry Crookshank">Crookshank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Macleod" title="Iain Macleod">Macleod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selwyn_Lloyd" title="Selwyn Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Bowden,_Baron_Aylestone" title="Herbert Bowden, Baron Aylestone">Bowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Crossman" title="Richard Crossman">Crossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">Peart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whitelaw" title="William Whitelaw">Whitelaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr" title="Robert Carr">Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Prior" title="Jim Prior">Prior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Short,_Baron_Glenamara" title="Edward Short, Baron Glenamara">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_St_John-Stevas" title="Norman St John-Stevas">St John-Stevas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Pym" title="Francis Pym">Pym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Biffen" title="John Biffen">Biffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wakeham" title="John Wakeham">Wakeham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Howe" title="Geoffrey Howe">Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_MacGregor,_Baron_MacGregor_of_Pulham_Market" title="John MacGregor, Baron MacGregor of Pulham Market">MacGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Newton,_Baron_Newton_of_Braintree" title="Tony Newton, Baron Newton of Braintree">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Taylor,_Baroness_Taylor_of_Bolton" title="Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Cook" title="Robin Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Reid,_Baron_Reid_of_Cardowan" title="John Reid, Baron Reid of Cardowan">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hain" title="Peter Hain">Hain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Hoon" title="Geoff Hoon">Hoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Straw" title="Jack Straw">Straw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young,_Baron_Young_of_Cookham" title="George Young, Baron Young of Cookham">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lansley" title="Andrew Lansley">Lansley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hague" title="William Hague">Hague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Grayling" title="Chris Grayling">Grayling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lidington" title="David Lidington">Lidington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Leadsom" title="Andrea Leadsom">Leadsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Stride" title="Mel Stride">Stride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Rees-Mogg" title="Jacob Rees-Mogg">Rees-Mogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Spencer_(British_politician)" title="Mark Spencer (British politician)">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Mordaunt" title="Penny Mordaunt">Mordaunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Powell" title="Lucy Powell">Powell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fathers_of_the_House_of_Commons_of_England_and_House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom134" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fathers_of_the_House" title="Template:Fathers of the House"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fathers_of_the_House" title="Template talk:Fathers of the House"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fathers_of_the_House" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fathers of the House"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fathers_of_the_House_of_Commons_of_England_and_House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom134" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(United_Kingdom)" title="Father of the House (United Kingdom)">Fathers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_England" title="House of Commons of England">House of Commons of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Fagg,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Fagg, 1st Baronet">Fagg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Turgis" title="Thomas Turgis">Turgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Christopher_Musgrave,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Christopher Musgrave, 4th Baronet">Musgrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Strangways_(1643%E2%80%931713)" title="Thomas Strangways (1643–1713)">Strangways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Onslow,_1st_Baron_Onslow" title="Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Erle_(1650%E2%80%931720)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Erle (1650–1720)">Erle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Vaughan_(died_1718)" title="Edward Vaughan (died 1718)">E. Vaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Vaughan_(judge)" title="Richard Vaughan (judge)">R. Vaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_William_Powlett" title="Lord William Powlett">Powlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Justinian_Isham,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Justinian Isham, 4th Baronet">Isham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Turner,_1st_Baronet,_of_Warham" title="Sir Charles Turner, 1st Baronet, of Warham">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Roger_Bradshaigh,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Roger Bradshaigh, 3rd Baronet">Bradshaigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Ashe_(died_1748)" title="Edward Ashe (died 1748)">Ashe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cartwright_(politician)" title="Thomas Cartwright (politician)">Cartwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shuttleworth_(MP_for_Lancashire)" title="Richard Shuttleworth (MP for Lancashire)">Shuttleworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_Gybbon" title="Phillips Gybbon">Gybbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Rushout,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir John Rushout, 4th Baronet">Rushout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Aislabie_(1700%E2%80%931781)" title="William Aislabie (1700–1781)">Aislabie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_FitzRoy-Scudamore" title="Charles FitzRoy-Scudamore">FitzRoy-Scudamore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nugent,_1st_Earl_Nugent" title="Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent">Nugent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_(MP)" title="Charles Frederick (MP)">Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welbore_Ellis,_1st_Baron_Mendip" title="Welbore Ellis, 1st Baron Mendip">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Drake_(1723%E2%80%931796)" title="William Drake (1723–1796)">Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Philip_Stephens,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Philip Stephens, 1st Baronet">Stephens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Tudway" title="Clement Tudway">Tudway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Aubrey,_6th_Baronet" title="Sir John Aubrey, 6th Baronet">Aubrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(1754%E2%80%931834)" title="Samuel Smith (1754–1834)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Byng_(1764%E2%80%931847)" title="George Byng (1764–1847)">Byng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Williams-Wynn_(1775%E2%80%931850)" title="Charles Williams-Wynn (1775–1850)">Williams-Wynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harcourt" title="George Harcourt">Harcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Charles_Burrell,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir Charles Burrell, 3rd Baronet">Burrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lowther_(politician)" title="Henry Lowther (politician)">Lowther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Peers_Williams" title="Thomas Peers Williams">T. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lowry-Corry_(1803%E2%80%931873)" title="Henry Lowry-Corry (1803–1873)">Lowry-Corry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Weld-Forester,_3rd_Baron_Forester" title="George Weld-Forester, 3rd Baron Forester">Weld-Forester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rice_Mansel_Talbot" title="Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Pelham_Villiers" title="Charles Pelham Villiers">Villiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Mowbray,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Mowbray, 1st Baronet">Mowbray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramston_Beach_(politician)" title="Bramston Beach (politician)">Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hicks_Beach,_1st_Earl_St_Aldwyn" title="Michael Hicks Beach, 1st Earl St Aldwyn">Hicks Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Finch_(1835%E2%80%931907)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Finch (1835–1907)">Finch</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Kennaway,_3rd_Baronet" title="Sir John Kennaway, 3rd Baronet">Kennaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Burt" title="Thomas Burt">Burt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._P._O%27Connor" title="T. P. O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">Lloyd George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Turnour,_6th_Earl_Winterton" title="Edward Turnour, 6th Earl Winterton">Winterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Neill,_1st_Baron_Rathcavan" title="Hugh O'Neill, 1st Baron Rathcavan">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rhys_Grenfell" class="mw-redirect" title="David Rhys Grenfell">Grenfell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Turton,_Baron_Tranmire" title="Robin Turton, Baron Tranmire">Turton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Strauss" title="George Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Parker_(Labour_politician)" title="John Parker (Labour politician)">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Braine" title="Bernard Braine">Braine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tam_Dalyell" title="Tam Dalyell">Dalyell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Williams_(Swansea_West_MP)" title="Alan Williams (Swansea West MP)">A. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Tapsell_(British_politician)" title="Peter Tapsell (British politician)">Tapsell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Kaufman" title="Gerald Kaufman">Kaufman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clarke" title="Kenneth Clarke">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bottomley" title="Peter Bottomley">Bottomley</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Edward_Leigh" title="Edward Leigh">Leigh</a></b></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/100px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/150px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Crowned_Portcullis.svg/200px-Crowned_Portcullis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="550" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Liberal_Party221" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFD700;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Template:Leaders of the Liberal Party (UK)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Template talk:Leaders of the Liberal Party (UK)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the Liberal Party (UK)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Liberal_Party221" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Liberal Party (UK)">Leaders of the Liberal Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD700;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> (1859–1916)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">The Earl Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">The Earl Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wodehouse,_1st_Earl_of_Kimberley" title="John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley">The Earl of Kimberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">The Earl of Rosebery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">The Marquess of Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crewe-Milnes,_1st_Marquess_of_Crewe" title="Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe">The Marquess of Crewe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD700;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> (1859–1916)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">The Viscount Palmerston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cavendish,_8th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire">Marquess of Hartington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harcourt_(politician)" title="William Harcourt (politician)">Sir William Harcourt</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD700;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Overall Leader</a> (1916–1988)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Maclean_(British_politician)" title="Donald Maclean (British politician)">Sir Donald Maclean</a> <small><i>(Acting Leader)</i></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Samuel,_1st_Viscount_Samuel" title="Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel">Sir Herbert Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Sinclair,_1st_Viscount_Thurso" title="Archibald Sinclair, 1st Viscount Thurso">Sir Archibald Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Davies" title="Clement Davies">Clement Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Grimond" title="Jo Grimond">Jo Grimond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thorpe" title="Jeremy Thorpe">Jeremy Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_Opposition_of_the_United_Kingdom170" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_Opposition_UK" title="Template:Leaders of the Opposition UK"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_Opposition_UK" title="Template talk:Leaders of the Opposition UK"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_Opposition_UK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the Opposition UK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_Opposition_of_the_United_Kingdom170" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leaders of the Opposition of the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey" title="Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey">Howick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ponsonby" title="George Ponsonby">Ponsonby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tierney" title="George Tierney">Tierney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer,_3rd_Earl_Spencer" title="John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer">Althorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_George_Bentinck" title="Lord George Bentinck">Bentinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manners,_6th_Duke_of_Rutland" title="Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland">Granby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manners,_6th_Duke_of_Rutland" title="Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland">Granby</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Herries" title="John Charles Herries">Herries</a>/<a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_3rd_Viscount_Palmerston" title="Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston">Palmerston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cavendish,_8th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire">Hartington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Northcote,_1st_Earl_of_Iddesleigh" title="Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh">Northcote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hicks_Beach,_1st_Earl_St_Aldwyn" title="Michael Hicks Beach, 1st Earl St Aldwyn">Hicks Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Harcourt_(politician)" title="William Harcourt (politician)">Harcourt</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chamberlain" title="Joseph Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonar_Law" title="Bonar Law">Law</a></li> <li>Vacant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Carson" title="Edward Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Maclean_(British_politician)" title="Donald Maclean (British politician)">Maclean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Henderson" title="Arthur Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lansbury" title="George Lansbury">Lansbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Lees-Smith" title="Hastings Lees-Smith">Lees-Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Pethick-Lawrence,_1st_Baron_Pethick-Lawrence" title="Frederick Pethick-Lawrence, 1st Baron Pethick-Lawrence">Pethick-Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Greenwood" title="Arthur Greenwood">Greenwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Morrison" title="Herbert Morrison">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brown,_Baron_George-Brown" title="George Brown, Baron George-Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Douglas-Home" title="Alec Douglas-Home">Douglas-Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Kinnock" title="Neil Kinnock">Kinnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(Labour_Party_leader)" title="John Smith (Labour Party leader)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hague" title="William Hague">Hague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iain_Duncan_Smith" title="Iain Duncan Smith">Duncan Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howard" title="Michael Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Miliband" title="Ed Miliband">Miliband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Harman" title="Harriet Harman">Harman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Starmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Sunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemi_Badenoch" title="Kemi Badenoch">Badenoch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Grenville,_1st_Baron_Grenville" title="William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville">Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grey,_2nd_Earl_Grey" title="Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey">Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lamb,_2nd_Viscount_Melbourne" title="William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne">Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne">3rd Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby (Stanley)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_14th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_Russell" title="John Russell, 1st Earl Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Harris,_3rd_Earl_of_Malmesbury" title="James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury">Malmesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Cairns,_1st_Earl_Cairns" title="Hugh Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns">Cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gordon-Lennox,_6th_Duke_of_Richmond" title="Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Beaconsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_Leveson-Gower,_2nd_Earl_Granville" title="Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville">Granville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wodehouse,_1st_Earl_of_Kimberley" title="John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley">Kimberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">3rd Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery">Rosebery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wodehouse,_1st_Earl_of_Kimberley" title="John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley">Kimberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer,_5th_Earl_Spencer" title="John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Robinson,_1st_Marquess_of_Ripon" title="George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Petty-Fitzmaurice,_5th_Marquess_of_Lansdowne" title="Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne">5th Marquess of Lansdowne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Crewe-Milnes,_1st_Marquess_of_Crewe" title="Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe">Crewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston">Curzon of Kedleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Haldane,_1st_Viscount_Haldane" title="Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cripps,_1st_Baron_Parmoor" title="Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor">Parmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Gascoyne-Cecil,_4th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury">4th Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Hogg,_1st_Viscount_Hailsham" title="Douglas Hogg, 1st Viscount Hailsham">Hailsham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cripps,_1st_Baron_Parmoor" title="Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor">Parmoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ponsonby,_1st_Baron_Ponsonby_of_Shulbrede" title="Arthur Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby of Shulbrede">Ponsonby of Shulbrede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Snell,_1st_Baron_Snell" title="Harry Snell, 1st Baron Snell">Snell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Addison,_1st_Viscount_Addison" title="Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_5th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury">5th Marquess of Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Addison,_1st_Viscount_Addison" title="Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison">Addison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jowitt,_1st_Earl_Jowitt" title="William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt">Jowitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._V._Alexander,_1st_Earl_Alexander_of_Hillsborough" title="A. V. Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough">Alexander of Hillsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington" title="Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington">Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Shackleton,_Baron_Shackleton" title="Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton">Shackleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington" title="Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington">Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peart,_Baron_Peart" title="Fred Peart, Baron Peart">Peart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledwyn_Hughes,_Baron_Cledwyn_of_Penrhos" title="Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos">Cledwyn of Penrhos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Richard" title="Ivor Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_7th_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury">Cranborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Galbraith,_2nd_Baron_Strathclyde" title="Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Royall,_Baroness_Royall_of_Blaisdon" title="Janet Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon">Royall of Blaisdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Smith,_Baroness_Smith_of_Basildon" title="Angela Smith, Baroness Smith of Basildon">Smith of Basildon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_True,_Baron_True" title="Nicholas True, Baron True">True</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106618#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1692" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106618#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1692" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106618#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000063176434">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/22924926">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1773321/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxhprtqFJH483JqMPvGpP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/117671983">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no91030776">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16976118s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16976118s">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068403321">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810629594105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007281148605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3318/dib.000360.v1">Ireland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/117671983.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/116147423">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6kw67f2">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&oldid=1269492412">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Campbell-Bannerman&oldid=1269492412</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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