CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="epQLghbsCJLw1oEWz51IJjvr5lq9WAbFtOrcWdhQlTSwKgx/CthsPvDQECETf918hjA6wj65eZ4QOUkcS7QwDg==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2017/01/01" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Internal Reports of LAPAN (Indonesian Space Agency) and Aerospace Engineering Department at Institut Teknologi Bandung" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Harijono Djojodihardjo" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Ringkasan Masalah penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa telah menark perhatian banyak negara di dunia, berkaitan dengan keprihatinan terhadap kejatuhan pecahan satelit yang bersifat radio aktif. Untuk memahami lingkup bahaya yang" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/4040157/4346059/15019798/s200_harijono.djojodihardjo.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA" /> <meta property="og:title" content="SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Ringkasan Masalah penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa telah menark perhatian banyak negara di dunia, berkaitan dengan keprihatinan terhadap kejatuhan pecahan satelit yang bersifat radio aktif. Untuk memahami lingkup bahaya yang" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://itb.academia.edu/HarijonoDjojodihardjo" /> <meta name="description" content="Ringkasan Masalah penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa telah menark perhatian banyak negara di dunia, berkaitan dengan keprihatinan terhadap kejatuhan pecahan satelit yang bersifat radio aktif. Untuk memahami lingkup bahaya yang" /> <title>(PDF) SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA | Harijono Djojodihardjo - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '9387f500ddcbb8d05c67bef28a2fe0334f1aafb8'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1733038845000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1733038845000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Ringkasan Masalah penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa telah menark perhatian banyak negara di dunia, berkaitan dengan keprihatinan terhadap kejatuhan pecahan satelit yang bersifat radio aktif. Untuk memahami lingkup bahaya yang mungkin timbul, akan dibahas aspek penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa. Abstract The issue of nuclear power source in space vehile has drawn concern of many countries for the possibility of their space debris during failure or decommissionimng and other related nuclear contamination that may affect the earth environment. To this end and to gain further knowledge on this issue, various aspects on the use of nuclear power in spacecrafts to date are elaborated.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Harijono Djojodihardjo"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-04-13","dateModified":"2023-04-13","datePublished":"2017-01-01","headline":"SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Aerospace Engineering","Applied Mathematics","Aerodynamics","System Analysis and Design","Applied and Computational Mechanics","Design and Analysis of Aerospace Structures / General Mechanical Engineering"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Internal Reports of LAPAN (Indonesian Space Agency) and Aerospace Engineering Department at Institut Teknologi Bandung","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"itb"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-102fa537001ba4d8dcd921ad9bd56c474abc201906ea4843e7e7efe9dfbf561d.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/text_button-73590134e40cdb49f9abdc8e796cc00dc362693f3f0f6137d6cf9bb78c318ce7.css" /><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-10fa40af19d25203774df2d4a03b9b5771b45109c2304968038e88a81d1215c5.css" /> </head> <body> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class="js-upgrade-ie-banner" style="display: none; text-align: center; padding: 8px 0; background-color: #ebe480;"><p style="color: #000; font-size: 12px; margin: 0 0 4px;">Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p style="color: #000; font-size: 12px; margin: 0;">To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.querySelector('.js-upgrade-ie-banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "0dab11b3db6a9cde438e49649c17f219c6279d7d539eee6128816679411c1a6e", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="GsN9BdKluMhaqCRYxuLCEcieznd0yf3CkiBqwDuo1bvQfXr4zpHcZFqutW8aAFdLdUUS7/cogpk28/+FqExwgQ==" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="GS21aw/l8GxvO90tKgUPClgM/UNMDKl+/7MW2byOdG7Tk7KWE9GUwG89TBr255pQ5dch28/t1iVbYIOcL2rRVA==" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><input class="btn btn-primary btn-block g-recaptcha js-password-reset-submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" type="submit" value="Email me a link" /></form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script> <div class="header--container" id="main-header-container"><div class="header--inner-container header--inner-container-ds2"><div class="header-ds2--left-wrapper"><div class="header-ds2--left-wrapper-inner"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="hide-on-desktop-redesign" style="height: 24px; width: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hide-on-mobile-redesign" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a><div class="header--search-container header--search-container-ds2"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form select2-no-default-pills" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" autocomplete="off" /><svg style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="search" class="header--search-icon svg-inline--fa fa-search fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z"></path></svg><input class="header--search-input header--search-input-ds2 js-SiteSearch-form-input" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" /></form></div></div></div><nav class="header--nav-buttons header--nav-buttons-ds2 js-main-nav"><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-header-login-url header-button-ds2 header-login-ds2 hide-on-mobile-redesign" href="https://www.academia.edu/login" rel="nofollow">Log In</a><a class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary header-button-ds2 hide-on-mobile-redesign" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup" rel="nofollow">Sign Up</a><button class="header--hamburger-button header--hamburger-button-ds2 hide-on-desktop-redesign js-header-hamburger-button"><div class="icon-bar"></div><div class="icon-bar" style="margin-top: 4px;"></div><div class="icon-bar" style="margin-top: 4px;"></div></button></nav></div><ul class="header--dropdown-container js-header-dropdown"><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/login" rel="nofollow">Log In</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup" rel="nofollow">Sign Up</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row js-header-dropdown-expand-button"><button class="header--dropdown-button">more<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="caret-down" class="header--dropdown-button-icon svg-inline--fa fa-caret-down fa-w-10" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z"></path></svg></button></li><li><ul class="header--expanded-dropdown-container"><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://medium.com/@academia">Blog</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="header--dropdown-row-icon svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg>We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row"><a class="header--dropdown-link" href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="header--dropdown-row-icon svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg>Help Center</a></li><li class="header--dropdown-row js-header-dropdown-collapse-button"><button class="header--dropdown-button">less<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="caret-up" class="header--dropdown-button-icon svg-inline--fa fa-caret-up fa-w-10" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 320 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z"></path></svg></button></li></ul></li></ul></div> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/fast_loswp-bundle-86832e264efa375cdd3fa5979579c95643bf6a5c1b20c95ec7a98005fcb4b9a4.js" defer="defer"></script><script>window.loswp = {}; window.loswp.author = 4040157; window.loswp.bulkDownloadFilterCounts = {}; window.loswp.hasDownloadableAttachment = true; window.loswp.hasViewableAttachments = true; // TODO: just use routes for this window.loswp.loginUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F100151022%2FSUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F100151022%2FSUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":101053274,"identifier":"Attachment_101053274","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":100151022,"created_at":"2023-04-13T09:45:31.219-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2023-04-28T06:34:59.512-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"Ringkasan\nMasalah penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa telah menark perhatian banyak negara di dunia, berkaitan dengan keprihatinan terhadap kejatuhan pecahan satelit yang bersifat radio aktif. Untuk memahami lingkup bahaya yang mungkin timbul, akan dibahas aspek penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa.\n\nAbstract\nThe issue of nuclear power source in space vehile has drawn concern of many countries for the possibility of their space debris during failure or decommissionimng and other related nuclear contamination that may affect the earth environment. To this end and to gain further knowledge on this issue, various aspects on the use of nuclear power in spacecrafts to date are elaborated.","publication_date":"2017,,","publication_name":"Internal Reports of LAPAN (Indonesian Space Agency) and Aerospace Engineering Department at Institut Teknologi Bandung"},"document_type":"draft","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"low","language":"en","title":"SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA","broadcastable":false,"draft":true,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [4040157]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":101053274,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/101053274/mini_magick20230413-1-bvtmhi.png?1681404348" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">SUMBER DAYA NUKLIR PADA WAHANA ANTARIKSA</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4040157" href="https://itb.academia.edu/HarijonoDjojodihardjo"><img alt="Profile image of Harijono Djojodihardjo" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/4040157/4346059/15019798/s65_harijono.djojodihardjo.jpg" />Harijono Djojodihardjo</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2017, Internal Reports of LAPAN (Indonesian Space Agency) and Aerospace Engineering Department at Institut Teknologi Bandung</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">8 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 100151022; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=100151022"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Ringkasan Masalah penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa telah menark perhatian banyak negara di dunia, berkaitan dengan keprihatinan terhadap kejatuhan pecahan satelit yang bersifat radio aktif. Untuk memahami lingkup bahaya yang mungkin timbul, akan dibahas aspek penggunaan sumber daya nuklir pada wahana antariksa. Abstract The issue of nuclear power source in space vehile has drawn concern of many countries for the possibility of their space debris during failure or decommissionimng and other related nuclear contamination that may affect the earth environment. To this end and to gain further knowledge on this issue, various aspects on the use of nuclear power in spacecrafts to date are elaborated.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":101053274,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":101053274,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="101053274" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/100151022/SUMBER_DAYA_NUKLIR_PADA_WAHANA_ANTARIKSA" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="5300974" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5300974/The_use_of_Nuclear_Power_Sources_in_Outer_Space">The use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6541098" href="https://nujs.academia.edu/AnubhabDasgupta">Anubhab Dasgupta</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space","attachmentId":32468491,"attachmentType":"doc","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5300974/The_use_of_Nuclear_Power_Sources_in_Outer_Space","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5300974/The_use_of_Nuclear_Power_Sources_in_Outer_Space"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="1102962" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1102962/Usage_Of_Nuclear_Power_As_A_Powerful_Source_For_Space_Stations_And_For_Space_Development_Mission">Usage Of Nuclear Power As A Powerful Source For Space Stations And For Space Development Mission</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="823009" href="https://united-nations.academia.edu/DrUgurGuven">Dr Ugur Guven</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">With the advent of the space age, the process of creating High Earth Orbit space stations as well as solar system outposts on various planets has become a real possibility in the near future. In this paper, we are trying to address the issue of space stations' power requirements and issues associated with conventional methods. To overcome certain difficulties with power requirements, nuclear power sources will be more advantageous in long term point of view. In space, it is essential to have extensive support to create power for the various requirements such as life support, communications, waste removal, etc. Thus, functional power sources are needed that can function in long term. Due to its basic properties, chemical or thermal means of generating electricity would be quite difficulties in microgravity conditions. Moreover, it would create several control and stability issues as well, too. However, with the availability of a nuclear reactor, all of the power requirements in a space based station with microgravity or reduced gravity conditions can be met for several years without any difficulty. Nuclear reactor power systems can support human exploration at surface outposts and space stations. A nuclear reactor on the surface of the Moon or Mars can be a source of reliable power to provide life support, and to supply the large power demands of facilities processing materials. Power levels for surface and space side life support systems are approximately equivalent. This can be achieved with the development of closed-loop Stirling cycle nuclear power systems, which are four times as powerful as the radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) used on past missions. It will increase the options to improve the conditions for experiments in space and due to which we can install power full systems to study more about space and also we can initiate programs for Moon as well as for Mars. For these kinds of designs, the major issue is designing a controlled fission reaction in the space with microgravity conditions along with radiation shielding. The paper also addresses the issue of future requirements of power in space stations due to attention on space programs by various nations. Capacity addition to the present designs is also one of the considerations with this work. With proper use of nuclear facilities that are suitable for microgravity and reduced gravity conditions, it can be possible to create enough energy to meet all the needs of space development. However, the available options need to be analyzed carefully in order to make sure that the most suitable nuclear energy supply can be used.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Usage Of Nuclear Power As A Powerful Source For Space Stations And For Space Development Mission","attachmentId":6770845,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1102962/Usage_Of_Nuclear_Power_As_A_Powerful_Source_For_Space_Stations_And_For_Space_Development_Mission","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1102962/Usage_Of_Nuclear_Power_As_A_Powerful_Source_For_Space_Stations_And_For_Space_Development_Mission"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="2955652" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2955652/USAGE_OF_NUCLEAR_POWER_AS_A_POWERFUL_SOURCE_FOR_SPACE_STATIONS_AND_FOR_SPACE_DEVELOPMENT_MISSIONS">USAGE OF NUCLEAR POWER AS A POWERFUL SOURCE FOR SPACE STATIONS AND FOR SPACE DEVELOPMENT MISSIONS</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="959982" href="https://upes.academia.edu/GurunadhVelidi">Dr.Gurunadh Velidi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">With the advent of the space age, the process of creating High Earth Orbit space stations as well as solar system outposts on various planets has become a real possibility in the near future. In this paper, we are trying to address the issue of space stations' power requirements and issues associated with conventional methods. To overcome certain difficulties with power requirements, nuclear power sources will be more advantageous in long term point of view.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"USAGE OF NUCLEAR POWER AS A POWERFUL SOURCE FOR SPACE STATIONS AND FOR SPACE DEVELOPMENT MISSIONS","attachmentId":30910367,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2955652/USAGE_OF_NUCLEAR_POWER_AS_A_POWERFUL_SOURCE_FOR_SPACE_STATIONS_AND_FOR_SPACE_DEVELOPMENT_MISSIONS","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2955652/USAGE_OF_NUCLEAR_POWER_AS_A_POWERFUL_SOURCE_FOR_SPACE_STATIONS_AND_FOR_SPACE_DEVELOPMENT_MISSIONS"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="97514544" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/97514544/The_Role_of_Nuclear_Power_in_Space_Exploration_and_the_Associated_Environmental_Issues_An_Overview">The Role of Nuclear Power in Space Exploration and the Associated Environmental Issues: An Overview</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1285327" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelCampbell">Michael D Campbell, P.G., P.H.</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">A Report by the …, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Role of Nuclear Power in Space Exploration and the Associated Environmental Issues: An Overview","attachmentId":99115061,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/97514544/The_Role_of_Nuclear_Power_in_Space_Exploration_and_the_Associated_Environmental_Issues_An_Overview","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/97514544/The_Role_of_Nuclear_Power_in_Space_Exploration_and_the_Associated_Environmental_Issues_An_Overview"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="120178014" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/120178014/Key_issues_in_space_nuclear_power">Key issues in space nuclear power</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40805456" href="https://auburn.academia.edu/HenryBrandhorst">Henry Brandhorst</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1991</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Key issues in space nuclear power","attachmentId":115413320,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/120178014/Key_issues_in_space_nuclear_power","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/120178014/Key_issues_in_space_nuclear_power"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="8464395" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8464395/The_military_connection_and_environmental_hazards_of_space_based_nuclear_power">The military connection and environmental hazards of space‐based nuclear power</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17229637" href="https://iki-rssi.academia.edu/OlegPrilutsky">Oleg Prilutsky</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Science & Global Security, 1989</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The potential dangers associated with space‐based nuclear power have alarmed many specialists. There are two principal reasons: Space‐based nuclear energy sources have been declared to be a key part of the military Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) program. Even in the absence of current military interest in space nuclear reactors, the existence in space of a considerable number of civilian nuclear sources would always provide a temptation for ideas of space militarization.Nuclear reactors deployed in near‐earth orbits are a potential source of radioactive fallout that would be dangerous for the population of the entire earth. Multi‐kilogram plutonium‐238 radioisotope thermal generators (RTGs) would also be a dangerous source of radioactive contamination on a global scale.Below, we consider these objections in more detail.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The military connection and environmental hazards of space‐based nuclear power","attachmentId":48086506,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8464395/The_military_connection_and_environmental_hazards_of_space_based_nuclear_power","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8464395/The_military_connection_and_environmental_hazards_of_space_based_nuclear_power"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="95370152" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95370152/Review_of_Overall_Safety_Manual_for_space_nuclear_systems_An_evaluation_of_a_nuclear_safety_analysis_methodology_for_plutonium_fueled_space_nuclear_systems">Review of Overall Safety Manual for space nuclear systems. An evaluation of a nuclear safety analysis methodology for plutonium-fueled space nuclear systems</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="244581596" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HerbertInhaber">Herbert Inhaber</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1984</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Review of Overall Safety Manual for space nuclear systems. An evaluation of a nuclear safety analysis methodology for plutonium-fueled space nuclear systems","attachmentId":97571566,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95370152/Review_of_Overall_Safety_Manual_for_space_nuclear_systems_An_evaluation_of_a_nuclear_safety_analysis_methodology_for_plutonium_fueled_space_nuclear_systems","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95370152/Review_of_Overall_Safety_Manual_for_space_nuclear_systems_An_evaluation_of_a_nuclear_safety_analysis_methodology_for_plutonium_fueled_space_nuclear_systems"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="71483591" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71483591/Technical_Guidance_from_the_International_Safety_Framework_for_Nuclear_Power_Source_Applications_in_Outer_Space_for_Design_and_Development_Phases">Technical Guidance from the International Safety Framework for Nuclear Power Source Applications in Outer Space for Design and Development Phases</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3703057" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeopoldSummerer">Leopold Summerer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2014</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In 2009, the International Safety Framework for Nuclear Power Source Applications in Outer Space [1] has been adopted, following a multi-year process that involved all major space faring nations in the frame of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. The safety framework reflects an international consensus on best practices. After the older 1992 Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space, it is the second document at UN level dedicated entirely to space nuclear power sources. This paper analyses aspects of the safety framework relevant for the design and development phases of space nuclear power sources. While early publications have started analysing the legal aspects of the safety framework, its technical guidance has not yet been subject to scholarly articles. The present paper therefore focuses on the technical guidance provided in the safety framework, in an attempt to assist engineers and prac...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Technical Guidance from the International Safety Framework for Nuclear Power Source Applications in Outer Space for Design and Development Phases","attachmentId":80806115,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71483591/Technical_Guidance_from_the_International_Safety_Framework_for_Nuclear_Power_Source_Applications_in_Outer_Space_for_Design_and_Development_Phases","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/71483591/Technical_Guidance_from_the_International_Safety_Framework_for_Nuclear_Power_Source_Applications_in_Outer_Space_for_Design_and_Development_Phases"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="117078953" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117078953/Radioecological_problems_of_nuclear_power">Radioecological problems of nuclear power</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="291049761" href="https://independent.academia.edu/sergeyfesenko1">sergey fesenko</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Soviet Atomic Energy, 1990</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Radioecological problems of nuclear power","attachmentId":113033301,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117078953/Radioecological_problems_of_nuclear_power","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117078953/Radioecological_problems_of_nuclear_power"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="1773189" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1773189/Nuclear_Power_As_A_Powerful_Solution_In_Supporting_Systems_And_Missions_Components_For_International_Space_Station">Nuclear Power As A Powerful Solution In Supporting Systems And Missions Components For International Space Station</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="823009" href="https://united-nations.academia.edu/DrUgurGuven">Dr Ugur Guven</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Interest of mankind to explore deep space has clubbed various nations together to form International Space Station. It will be a platform in the space to support long range missions and to support astronauts to consider the ISS as a second home in space. In future, it is required to design deep space mission from the ISS directly with communication from earth. It will be fully functional in conducting various experiments with advanced systems under uninterrupted power supply. This paper will describe how to create on board Power generation systems to ISS using MHD systems with vapour core reactor systems. In this design, a description of the fission reaction under micro gravity conditions have been given as well as the control over the radiation and nuclear waste management in the space have been explored. This approach will concentrate more on thermodynamic feasibilities in creating a virtual power plant with the support systems possible in the space. In the ISS, presently we have support for the crew members below ten, which itself is taking good amount of power for creating oxygen from electrolysis as well as for removing carbon dioxide, and other gases like ammonia and acetone. With the increase in handling capacity and launch of various experimental setups, even this requirement will double from the current existing capacity. This made us to concentrate on creation of such a system, which could actually support the future needs of the International Space Station with continuous power. The Major aspects of the power plant operation is to contaminate radiation coming from the reactor systems and also waste management will make design more meaningful. Even though modifications to the International Space Station may not be possible due to design limitations, this paper is written with the hopes that it will create a compass for further work in the area by addressing the energy production on a mass scale for a larger size space station. It is also hoped that this will create a stepping stone to the stars.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nuclear Power As A Powerful Solution In Supporting Systems And Missions Components For International Space Station","attachmentId":23483827,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1773189/Nuclear_Power_As_A_Powerful_Solution_In_Supporting_Systems_And_Missions_Components_For_International_Space_Station","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1773189/Nuclear_Power_As_A_Powerful_Solution_In_Supporting_Systems_And_Missions_Components_For_International_Space_Station"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":101053274,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":101053274,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_101053274" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="64592496" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/64592496/ESA_s_Approach_to_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space_Applications">ESA ’ s Approach to Nuclear Power Sources for Space Applications</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3703057" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeopoldSummerer">Leopold Summerer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ESA ’ s Approach to Nuclear Power Sources for Space Applications","attachmentId":76557699,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64592496/ESA_s_Approach_to_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space_Applications","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/64592496/ESA_s_Approach_to_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space_Applications"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="100875541" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100875541/Risk_of_nuclear_powered_space_probes">Risk of nuclear powered space probes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36920549" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/WilliamKastenberg">William Kastenberg</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Reliability Engineering &amp; System Safety, 2004</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Risk of nuclear powered space probes","attachmentId":101572905,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100875541/Risk_of_nuclear_powered_space_probes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100875541/Risk_of_nuclear_powered_space_probes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="124635404" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/124635404/Space_Nuclear_Power_Systems_1989">Space Nuclear Power Systems 1989</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33118773" href="https://unm.academia.edu/MohamedElgenk">Mohamed El-genk</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1992</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Space Nuclear Power Systems 1989","attachmentId":118825465,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/124635404/Space_Nuclear_Power_Systems_1989","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/124635404/Space_Nuclear_Power_Systems_1989"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="5981914" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5981914/Nuclear_Power_and_Associated_Environmental_Issues_in_the_Transition_of_Exploration_and_Mining_on_Earth_to_the_Development_of_Off_World_Natural_Resources_in_the_21st_Century_2013">Nuclear Power and Associated Environmental Issues in the Transition of Exploration and Mining on Earth to the Development of Off-World Natural Resources in the 21st Century - 2013</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31172323" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MDavidCampbellPG">M. David Campbell, P.G.</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31168466" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HenryMWisePG">Henry M. Wise, P.G.</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32305282" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BruceHandley">Bruce Handley</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1285327" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelCampbell">Michael D Campbell, P.G., P.H.</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Energy Resources for Human Settlement in the Solar System and Earth’s Future in Space AAPG-Astrogeology / EMD Memoir 101 Text Released: April 1, 2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nuclear Power and Associated Environmental Issues in the Transition of Exploration and Mining on Earth to the Development of Off-World Natural Resources in the 21st Century - 2013","attachmentId":32938115,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5981914/Nuclear_Power_and_Associated_Environmental_Issues_in_the_Transition_of_Exploration_and_Mining_on_Earth_to_the_Development_of_Off_World_Natural_Resources_in_the_21st_Century_2013","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5981914/Nuclear_Power_and_Associated_Environmental_Issues_in_the_Transition_of_Exploration_and_Mining_on_Earth_to_the_Development_of_Off_World_Natural_Resources_in_the_21st_Century_2013"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="1101079" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1101079/Usage_of_Nuclear_Reactors_in_Space_Applications_Space_Propulsion_and_Space_Power_Concepts">Usage of Nuclear Reactors in Space Applications-Space Propulsion and Space Power Concepts</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="959982" href="https://upes.academia.edu/GurunadhVelidi">Dr.Gurunadh Velidi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Applied Mechanics and Materials</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Usage of Nuclear Reactors in Space Applications-Space Propulsion and Space Power Concepts","attachmentId":51102865,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1101079/Usage_of_Nuclear_Reactors_in_Space_Applications_Space_Propulsion_and_Space_Power_Concepts","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1101079/Usage_of_Nuclear_Reactors_in_Space_Applications_Space_Propulsion_and_Space_Power_Concepts"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="8488642" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8488642/nuclear_space_propulsion">nuclear space propulsion</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17330985" href="https://jeppiaarcollege.academia.edu/gayathrisrinivasan">gayathri srinivasan</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"nuclear space propulsion","attachmentId":34870408,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8488642/nuclear_space_propulsion","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8488642/nuclear_space_propulsion"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="104857247" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/104857247/Introduction_to_Space_Nuclear_Power_and_Propulsion">Introduction to Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1177284" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GaryBennett">Gary Bennett</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Encyclopedia of Nuclear Energy, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Introduction to Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion","attachmentId":104473368,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104857247/Introduction_to_Space_Nuclear_Power_and_Propulsion","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/104857247/Introduction_to_Space_Nuclear_Power_and_Propulsion"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="19172009" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19172009/Towards_a_ban_on_nuclear_power_in_earth_orbit">Towards a ban on nuclear power in earth orbit</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39302693" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StevenAftergood">Steven Aftergood</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Space Policy, 1989</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Towards a ban on nuclear power in earth orbit","attachmentId":40470937,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19172009/Towards_a_ban_on_nuclear_power_in_earth_orbit","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/19172009/Towards_a_ban_on_nuclear_power_in_earth_orbit"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="41921475" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41921475/Space_Nuclear_Power_Opening_the_Final_Frontier">Space Nuclear Power: Opening the Final Frontier</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1177284" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GaryBennett">Gary Bennett</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 4th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference and Exhibit (IECEC), 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Space Nuclear Power: Opening the Final Frontier","attachmentId":62046432,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/41921475/Space_Nuclear_Power_Opening_the_Final_Frontier","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/41921475/Space_Nuclear_Power_Opening_the_Final_Frontier"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="8092328" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8092328/NUCLEAR_ENERGY_ENVIRONMENTAL_IMPACT_AND_SAFETY_MEASURES">NUCLEAR ENERGY: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND SAFETY MEASURES</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2869853" href="https://deshbhagatinstitutes.academia.edu/hsingh">harinder singh</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"NUCLEAR ENERGY: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND SAFETY MEASURES","attachmentId":34542310,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8092328/NUCLEAR_ENERGY_ENVIRONMENTAL_IMPACT_AND_SAFETY_MEASURES","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8092328/NUCLEAR_ENERGY_ENVIRONMENTAL_IMPACT_AND_SAFETY_MEASURES"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="10" data-entity-id="6415250" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6415250/Nuclear_Technologies_for_Space_Exploration_An_overview_on_nuclear_thermal_and_electric_propulsion_radioisotope_power_generators_and_fission_surface_power">Nuclear Technologies for Space Exploration: An overview on nuclear thermal and electric propulsion, radioisotope power generators and fission surface power</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5707945" href="https://idahostate.academia.edu/CarlosMaidana">Carlos O Maidana</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nuclear Technologies for Space Exploration: An overview on nuclear thermal and electric propulsion, radioisotope power generators and fission surface power","attachmentId":33220384,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6415250/Nuclear_Technologies_for_Space_Exploration_An_overview_on_nuclear_thermal_and_electric_propulsion_radioisotope_power_generators_and_fission_surface_power","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6415250/Nuclear_Technologies_for_Space_Exploration_An_overview_on_nuclear_thermal_and_electric_propulsion_radioisotope_power_generators_and_fission_surface_power"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="11" data-entity-id="118111056" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/118111056/Radioisotope_power_systems_in_space_missions_Overview_of_the_safety_aspects_and_recommendations_for_the_European_safety_case">Radioisotope power systems in space missions: Overview of the safety aspects and recommendations for the European safety case</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="63510028" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlessandraBarco">Alessandra Barco</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Radioisotope power systems in space missions: Overview of the safety aspects and recommendations for the European safety case","attachmentId":113812542,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118111056/Radioisotope_power_systems_in_space_missions_Overview_of_the_safety_aspects_and_recommendations_for_the_European_safety_case","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/118111056/Radioisotope_power_systems_in_space_missions_Overview_of_the_safety_aspects_and_recommendations_for_the_European_safety_case"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="12" data-entity-id="100605109" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100605109/Safety_Assessments_for_Supporting_the_Application_of_Nuclear_Technology_in_Indonesia_and_a_Comprehensive_Study_on_High_Natural_Radioactivity_Area">Safety Assessments for Supporting the Application of Nuclear Technology in Indonesia and a Comprehensive Study on High Natural Radioactivity Area</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="215898568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/abarrulikram">abarrul ikram</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Jurnal Forum Nuklir, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Safety Assessments for Supporting the Application of Nuclear Technology in Indonesia and a Comprehensive Study on High Natural Radioactivity Area","attachmentId":101381163,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100605109/Safety_Assessments_for_Supporting_the_Application_of_Nuclear_Technology_in_Indonesia_and_a_Comprehensive_Study_on_High_Natural_Radioactivity_Area","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100605109/Safety_Assessments_for_Supporting_the_Application_of_Nuclear_Technology_in_Indonesia_and_a_Comprehensive_Study_on_High_Natural_Radioactivity_Area"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="13" data-entity-id="110055892" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/110055892/Development_and_Utilization_of_Space_Fission_Power_Systems_Oral_Presentation_">Development and Utilization of Space Fission Power Systems (Oral Presentation)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44381137" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeeMason2">Lee Mason</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Development and Utilization of Space Fission Power Systems (Oral Presentation)","attachmentId":107992292,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/110055892/Development_and_Utilization_of_Space_Fission_Power_Systems_Oral_Presentation_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/110055892/Development_and_Utilization_of_Space_Fission_Power_Systems_Oral_Presentation_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="6284166" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6284166/Nuclear_space_an_indispensable_option">Nuclear space—an indispensable option</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9723485" href="https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/J%C3%BCrgenScheffran">Jürgen Scheffran</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Space Policy, 2001</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nuclear space—an indispensable option","attachmentId":48932291,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6284166/Nuclear_space_an_indispensable_option","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6284166/Nuclear_space_an_indispensable_option"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="15" data-entity-id="87813838" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87813838/Space_nuclear_power_plants_I">Space nuclear power plants—I</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21799615" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BenoitMorel">Benoit Morel</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1993</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Space nuclear power plants—I","attachmentId":91925862,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87813838/Space_nuclear_power_plants_I","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87813838/Space_nuclear_power_plants_I"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="16" data-entity-id="63554158" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63554158/Paper_Session_I_A_The_Navy_Nuclear_Program_as_an_Analogue_Long_Duration_Nuclear_Powered_Manned_Space_Missions">Paper Session I-A - The Navy Nuclear Program as an Analogue Long Duration, Nuclear Powered, Manned Space Missions</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="177552250" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnCamara4">John Camara</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1993</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Paper Session I-A - The Navy Nuclear Program as an Analogue Long Duration, Nuclear Powered, Manned Space Missions","attachmentId":75946313,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/63554158/Paper_Session_I_A_The_Navy_Nuclear_Program_as_an_Analogue_Long_Duration_Nuclear_Powered_Manned_Space_Missions","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/63554158/Paper_Session_I_A_The_Navy_Nuclear_Program_as_an_Analogue_Long_Duration_Nuclear_Powered_Manned_Space_Missions"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="17" data-entity-id="113826880" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/113826880/Considerations_of_Safety_and_European_Options_Regarding_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space">Considerations of Safety and European Options Regarding Nuclear Power Sources for Space</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3703057" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeopoldSummerer">Leopold Summerer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">ESASP, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Considerations of Safety and European Options Regarding Nuclear Power Sources for Space","attachmentId":110688534,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/113826880/Considerations_of_Safety_and_European_Options_Regarding_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/113826880/Considerations_of_Safety_and_European_Options_Regarding_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="18" data-entity-id="81872262" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81872262/Conceptual_core_design_study_for_Indonesian_Space_Reactor_ISR_">Conceptual core design study for Indonesian Space Reactor (ISR)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="540091" href="https://ugm.academia.edu/AlexanderAgung">Alexander Agung</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Progress in Nuclear Energy, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Conceptual core design study for Indonesian Space Reactor (ISR)","attachmentId":87764866,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/81872262/Conceptual_core_design_study_for_Indonesian_Space_Reactor_ISR_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/81872262/Conceptual_core_design_study_for_Indonesian_Space_Reactor_ISR_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="19" data-entity-id="429058" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/429058/Considerations_on_Safety_and_European_Options_Regarding_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space">Considerations on Safety and European Options Regarding Nuclear Power Sources for Space</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="280566" href="https://esa.academia.edu/LeopoldSummerer">Leopold Summerer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 1st IAASS Conference, Nice, …, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Considerations on Safety and European Options Regarding Nuclear Power Sources for Space","attachmentId":3439379,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/429058/Considerations_on_Safety_and_European_Options_Regarding_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/429058/Considerations_on_Safety_and_European_Options_Regarding_Nuclear_Power_Sources_for_Space"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="20" data-entity-id="55985169" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55985169/The_Case_of_Nuclear_Propulsion">The Case of Nuclear Propulsion</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44319513" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelHouts">Michael Houts</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">AIAA International Air and Space Symposium and Exposition: The Next 100 Years, 2003</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Case of Nuclear Propulsion","attachmentId":71593651,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/55985169/The_Case_of_Nuclear_Propulsion","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/55985169/The_Case_of_Nuclear_Propulsion"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="21" data-entity-id="115046704" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/115046704/American_Space_Nuclear_Electric_Systems">American Space Nuclear Electric Systems</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="21190470" href="https://cta.academia.edu/LamartineGuimaraes">Lamartine Guimaraes</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"American Space Nuclear Electric Systems","attachmentId":111569405,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/115046704/American_Space_Nuclear_Electric_Systems","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/115046704/American_Space_Nuclear_Electric_Systems"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="22" data-entity-id="53886282" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53886282/Analysis_of_Radiation_Safety_in_the_NPP_Site_in_Normal_Operation_Condition">Analysis of Radiation Safety in the NPP Site in Normal Operation Condition</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="127687956" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IhdaHusnayani">Ihda Husnayani</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Analysis of Radiation Safety in the NPP Site in Normal Operation Condition","attachmentId":70516454,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53886282/Analysis_of_Radiation_Safety_in_the_NPP_Site_in_Normal_Operation_Condition","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/53886282/Analysis_of_Radiation_Safety_in_the_NPP_Site_in_Normal_Operation_Condition"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="23" data-entity-id="22698083" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22698083/Ongoing_Space_Nuclear_Systems_Development_in_the_United_States">Ongoing Space Nuclear Systems Development in the United States</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44319513" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelHouts">Michael Houts</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44406229" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShannonBraggSitton">Shannon Bragg-Sitton</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ongoing Space Nuclear Systems Development in the United States","attachmentId":43274695,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22698083/Ongoing_Space_Nuclear_Systems_Development_in_the_United_States","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22698083/Ongoing_Space_Nuclear_Systems_Development_in_the_United_States"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="24" data-entity-id="117323437" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117323437/Lecture_Series_on_SPACE_NUCLEAR_POWER_and_PROPULSION_SYSTEMS_1_Space_Radioisotope_Power_Systems_last_updated_in_January_2020_Eric_PROUST">Lecture Series on SPACE NUCLEAR POWER & PROPULSION SYSTEMS -1-Space Radioisotope Power Systems (last updated in January 2020) Eric PROUST</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="61711773" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EricProust">Eric Proust</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Lecture Series on SPACE NUCLEAR POWER \u0026 PROPULSION SYSTEMS -1-Space Radioisotope Power Systems (last updated in January 2020) Eric PROUST","attachmentId":113209787,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117323437/Lecture_Series_on_SPACE_NUCLEAR_POWER_and_PROPULSION_SYSTEMS_1_Space_Radioisotope_Power_Systems_last_updated_in_January_2020_Eric_PROUST","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117323437/Lecture_Series_on_SPACE_NUCLEAR_POWER_and_PROPULSION_SYSTEMS_1_Space_Radioisotope_Power_Systems_last_updated_in_January_2020_Eric_PROUST"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related topics</h2><div class="ds-research-interests--pills-container"><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="88" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering">Aerospace Engineering</a><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="305" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="10875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerodynamics">Aerodynamics</a><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="54256" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/System_Analysis_and_Design">System Analysis and Design</a><a class="js-related-research-interest ds-research-interests--pill" data-entity-id="1003114" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_and_Computational_Mechanics">Applied and Computational Mechanics</a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="footer--content"><ul class="footer--main-links hide-on-mobile"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://medium.com/academia">Blog</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px; position: relative; bottom: -1px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a href="https://support.academia.edu/"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px; position: relative; bottom: -1px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer--research-interests"><li>Find new research papers in:</li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul><ul class="footer--legal-links hide-on-mobile"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2024</li></ul></div> </body> </html>