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padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Born</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;">(1928-06-13) June 13, 1928 (age 86) <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluefield,_West_Virginia" title="Bluefield, West Virginia">Bluefield, West Virginia</a>, U.S.</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Residence</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;">United States</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Nationality</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Fields</th> <td class="category" style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a>, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">Economics</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Institutions</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Institute_of_Technology" title="Carnegie Institute of Technology">Carnegie Institute of Technology</a> (now part of <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon University</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_W._Tucker" title="Albert W. Tucker">Albert W. Tucker</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Known for</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash equilibrium</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_embedding_theorem" title="Nash embedding theorem">Nash embedding theorem</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Notable awards</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize" title="John von Neumann Theory Prize">John von Neumann Theory Prize</a> (1978) <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences</a> (1994) <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel_Prize" title="Abel Prize">Abel Prize</a> (2015)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background:transparent; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Spouse</th> <td style="vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.3em;">Alicia Lopez-Harrison de Lardé (m. 1957–1963; 2001–present)</td> </tr> </table> John Forbes Nash, Jr. (born June 13, 1928) is an American <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a> whose works in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory" title="Game theory">game theory</a>, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_geometry" title="Differential geometry">differential geometry</a>, and <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_differential_equations" title="Partial differential equations" class="mw-redirect">partial differential equations</a> have provided insight into the factors that govern chance and events inside complex systems in daily life. His theories are used in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_economics" title="Market economics" class="mw-redirect">market economics</a>, computing, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_biology" title="Evolutionary biology">evolutionary biology</a>, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, accounting, politics and military theory. Serving as a Senior Research Mathematician at <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> during the latter part of his life, he shared the 1994 <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences</a> with game theorists <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten">Reinhard Selten</a> and <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">John Harsanyi</a>. Nash is the subject of the 2001 <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood" title="Hollywood">Hollywood</a> movie <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(film)" title="A Beautiful Mind (film)">A Beautiful Mind</a>. The film, loosely based on the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(book)" title="A Beautiful Mind (book)">biography of the same name</a>, focuses on Nash's mathematical genius and also his <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia" title="Schizophrenia">schizophrenia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Oscar_race_scrutinizes-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc"> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Youth">1 Youth</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Education">1.1 Education</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Major_contributions">2 Major contributions</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Game_theory">2.1 Game theory</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Mathematics">2.2 Mathematics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Personal_life">3 Personal life</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Mental_illness">4 Mental illness</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Recognition_and_later_career">5 Recognition and later career</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Representation_in_culture">6 Representation in culture</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Awards">7 Awards</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#See_also">8 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References">9 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Bibliography">10 Bibliography</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#External_links">11 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> <h2>Youth</h2> Nash was born on June 13, 1928, in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluefield,_West_Virginia" title="Bluefield, West Virginia">Bluefield, West Virginia</a>, United States. His father, after whom he is named, was an electrical engineer for the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_Power" title="Appalachian Power" class="mw-redirect">Appalachian Electric Power Company</a>. His mother, born Margaret Virginia Martin and known as Virginia, had been a schoolteacher before she married. He had a younger sister, Martha, born November 16, 1930. <h3>Education</h3> Nash attended kindergarten and public school. His parents and grandparents provided books and encyclopedias that he learned from. Nash's grandmother played piano at home, and Nash had positive memories of listening to her when he visited.<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a> Nash's parents pursued opportunities to supplement their son's education, and arranged for him to take advanced mathematics courses at a local community college during his final year of high school. Nash attended <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Institute_of_Technology" title="Carnegie Institute of Technology">Carnegie Institute of Technology</a> (now <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon University</a>) with a full scholarship, the George Westinghouse Scholarship, and initially majored in Chemical Engineering. He switched to Chemistry, and eventually to Mathematics. After graduating in 1948 with a <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">B.S.</a> degree in Mathematics and an <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Science" title="Master of Science">M.S.</a> degree in Mathematics, he accepted a scholarship to Princeton University where he pursued graduate studies in mathematics.<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a> Nash's adviser and former Carnegie Tech professor <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Duffin" title="Richard Duffin">R. J. Duffin</a> wrote a letter of recommendation for graduate school consisting of a single sentence: "This man is a <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius" title="Genius">genius</a>."<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Nash was accepted by <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, but the chairman of the mathematics department of Princeton, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Lefschetz" title="Solomon Lefschetz">Solomon Lefschetz</a>, offered him the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stewart_Kennedy" title="John Stewart Kennedy">John S. Kennedy</a> fellowship, which was enough to convince Nash that Princeton valued him more.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Nash also considered Princeton more favorably because of its location closer to his family in Bluefield.<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a> He went to Princeton where he worked on his <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">equilibrium</a> theory. <h2>Major contributions</h2> <h3>Game theory</h3> Nash earned a <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D.</a> degree in 1950 with a 28-page dissertation on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-cooperative_game" title="Non-cooperative game">non-cooperative games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The thesis, which was written under the supervision of doctoral advisor <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_W._Tucker" title="Albert W. Tucker">Albert W. Tucker</a>, contained the definition and properties of what would later be called the "<a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash equilibrium</a>". It is a crucial concept in non-cooperative games, and it won Nash the Nobel prize in economics in 1994. Nash's major publications relating to this concept are in the following papers: <ol> <li>Nash, JF (1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1063129">"Equilibrium Points in N-person Games"</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" class="mw-redirect">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</a> 36 (36): 48–9. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://dx.doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.36.1.48">10.1073/pnas.36.1.48</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1063129">1063129</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier" class="mw-redirect">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16588946">16588946</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Equilibrium+Points+in+N-person+Games&rft.aufirst=JF&rft.aulast=Nash&rft.au=Nash%2C+JF&rft.date=1950&rft.genre=article&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1063129&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.36.1.48&rft_id=info%3Apmc%2F1063129&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16588946&rft.issue=36&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.pages=48-9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=36" class="Z3988"> , <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_Reviews" title="Mathematical Reviews">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=0031701">0031701</a>.</li> <li>"The Bargaining Problem". <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econometrica" title="Econometrica">Econometrica</a> (18): 155–62. 1950.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=The+Bargaining+Problem&rft.date=1950&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=18&rft.jtitle=Econometrica&rft.pages=155-62&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> . <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_Reviews" title="Mathematical Reviews">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=0035977">0035977</a>.</li> <li>Nash, J. (1951). "Non-cooperative Games". Annals of Mathematics 54 (54): 286–95. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1969529">10.2307/1969529</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.jstor.org/stable/1969529">1969529</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Non-cooperative+Games&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.aulast=Nash&rft.au=Nash%2C+J.&rft.date=1951&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1969529&rft.issue=54&rft.jstor=1969529&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Mathematics&rft.pages=286-95&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=54" class="Z3988"> .</li> <li>"Two-person Cooperative Games". Econometrica (21): 128–40. 1953.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Two-person+Cooperative+Games&rft.date=1953&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=21&rft.jtitle=Econometrica&rft.pages=128-40&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> , <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_Reviews" title="Mathematical Reviews">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=0053471">0053471</a>.</li> </ol> <h3>Mathematics</h3> Nash did ground-breaking work in the area of real <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic_geometry" title="Algebraic geometry">algebraic geometry</a>: <ul> <li>"Real algebraic manifolds". <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annals_of_Mathematics" title="Annals of Mathematics">Annals of Mathematics</a> (56): 405–21. 1952.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Real+algebraic+manifolds&rft.date=1952&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=56&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Mathematics&rft.pages=405-21&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> , <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_Reviews" title="Mathematical Reviews">MR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=0050928">0050928</a>. See "Proc. Internat. Congr. Math". AMS. 1952. pp. 516–17.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=Proc.+Internat.+Congr.+Math&rft.date=1952&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=516-17&rft.pub=AMS&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> .</li> </ul> His work in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a> includes the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_embedding_theorem" title="Nash embedding theorem">Nash embedding theorem</a>, which shows that any abstract <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemannian_manifold" title="Riemannian manifold">Riemannian manifold</a> can be <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isometry" title="Isometry">isometrically</a> realized as a submanifold of <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_space" title="Euclidean space">Euclidean space</a>. He also made significant contributions to the theory of nonlinear <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_partial_differential_equation" title="Parabolic partial differential equation">parabolic partial differential equations</a> and to <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singularity_theory" title="Singularity theory">singularity theory</a>. In her book A Beautiful Mind, author Sylvia Nasar explains that Nash was working on proving the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert%27s_nineteenth_problem#Nash.27s_theorem" title="Hilbert's nineteenth problem">Hilbert's nineteenth problem</a>, a theorem involving <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_partial_differential_equations" title="Elliptic partial differential equations" class="mw-redirect">elliptic partial differential equations</a> when, in 1956, he suffered a severe disappointment. He learned that an Italian mathematician, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_de_Giorgi" title="Ennio de Giorgi">Ennio de Giorgi</a>, had published a proof just months before Nash achieved his proof. Each took different routes to get to their solutions. The two mathematicians met each other at the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courant_Institute_of_Mathematical_Sciences" title="Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences">Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences</a> of <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> during the summer of 1956. It has been speculated that if only one had solved the problem, he would have been given the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fields_Medal" title="Fields Medal">Fields Medal</a> for the proof.<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a> In 2011, the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a> declassified letters written by Nash in the 1950s, in which he had proposed a new encryption-decryption machine.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The letters show that Nash had anticipated many concepts of modern <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography" title="Cryptography">cryptography</a>, which are based on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_hardness_assumption" title="Computational hardness assumption">computational hardness</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <h2>Personal life</h2> In 1951, Nash was hired by the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> as a C. L. E. Moore Instructor in the mathematics faculty. About a year later Nash began a relationship in Massachusetts with Eleanor Stier, a nurse he met while she cared for him as a patient. They had a son, John David Stier, but Nash had left Stier when she told him of her pregnancy.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> The film based on Nash's life, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(film)" title="A Beautiful Mind (film)">A Beautiful Mind</a>, was criticized during the run-up to the 2002 Oscars for omitting this aspect of his life. He was said to have abandoned her based on her social status, which he thought to have been beneath his.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Not long after breaking up with Eleanor he met Alicia Lopez-Harrison de Lardé (born January 1, 1933), a naturalized U.S. citizen from <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a>. De Lardé graduated from M.I.T., having majored in physics.<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a> They married in February 1957 at a Roman Catholic ceremony, although Nash was an atheist.<a href="#cite_note-Sylvia_Nasar_2011_143-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In 1958 he was given a tenure position at MIT, but Nash had his first symptoms of mental illness in early 1959. Alicia was pregnant with their first child. He resigned his position as a member of the M.I.T. mathematics faculty in the spring of 1959<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a> and Alicia had him admitted to the McLean Hospital for treatment of <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizophrenia" title="Schizophrenia">schizophrenia</a> that year. Their son John Charles Martin Nash was born soon afterward. The boy was not named for a year because Alicia felt that her husband should have a say in the name. He also became a mathematician, as well as suffering from paranoid schizophrenia.<a href="#cite_note-david-15">[15]</a> Due to the stress of dealing with his illness, Nash and de Lardé divorced in 1963. After his final hospital discharge in 1970, Nash lived in de Lardé's house as a boarder. This stability seemed to help him, and he learned how to consciously discard his paranoid delusions.<a href="#cite_note-david-15">[15]</a> He stopped taking psychiatric medication and was allowed by Princeton to audit classes. He continued to work on mathematics and eventually he was allowed to teach again. In the 1990s, Alicia and Nash resumed their relationship. They remarried in 2001. In his 20s, Nash was arrested for indecent exposure in a <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrapment" title="Entrapment">police trap</a> of homosexuals in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California" title="Santa Monica, California">Santa Monica, California</a>. Although the charges were dropped, he was stripped of his <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top-secret_security_clearance" title="Top-secret security clearance" class="mw-redirect">top-secret security clearance</a> and fired from <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation" title="RAND Corporation">RAND Corporation</a> where he had spent a few summers as a consultant.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Nash has been a longtime resident of <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Windsor_Township,_New_Jersey" title="West Windsor Township, New Jersey">West Windsor Township, New Jersey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <h2>Mental illness</h2> Nash began to show signs of extreme <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranoia" title="Paranoia">paranoia</a>[<a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>], and his wife later described his behavior as erratic. Nash seemed to believe that all men who wore red ties were part of a communist conspiracy against him. Nash mailed letters to embassies in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, declaring that they[<a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>] were establishing a government.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nasar1994-19">[19]</a> Nash's psychological issues crossed into his professional life when he gave an American Mathematical Society lecture at Columbia University in 1959. Although ostensibly pertaining to a proof of the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemann_hypothesis" title="Riemann hypothesis">Riemann hypothesis</a>, the lecture was incomprehensible. Colleagues in the audience immediately realised that something was wrong.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> He was admitted to the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McLean_Hospital" title="McLean Hospital">McLean Hospital</a>, April–May 1959, where he was diagnosed with <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranoid_schizophrenia" title="Paranoid schizophrenia">paranoid schizophrenia</a>. The clinical picture is dominated by relatively stable, often paranoid, fixed beliefs that are either false, over-imaginative or unrealistic, usually accompanied by experiences of seemingly real perception of something not actually present—particularly auditory and perceptional disturbances, a lack of motivation for life, and mild <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_depression" title="Clinical depression" class="mw-redirect">clinical depression</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Nasar_ABM-21">[21]</a> In 1961, Nash was admitted to the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jersey_State_Hospital_at_Trenton" title="New Jersey State Hospital at Trenton" class="mw-redirect">New Jersey State Hospital at Trenton</a>. Over the next nine years, he spent periods in <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychiatric_hospital" title="Psychiatric hospital">psychiatric hospitals</a>, where, aside from receiving <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipsychotic" title="Antipsychotic">antipsychotic</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_drug" title="Pharmaceutical drug">medications</a>, he was administered <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_shock_therapy" title="Insulin shock therapy">insulin shock therapy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Nasar_ABM-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Roger_Ebert.27s_Movie-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gracefully_Insane-23">[23]</a> Although he sometimes took prescribed medication, Nash later wrote that he only ever did so under pressure. After 1970, he was never committed to a hospital again, and he refused any further medication. According to Nash, the film <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(film)" title="A Beautiful Mind (film)">A Beautiful Mind</a> inaccurately implied that he was taking the new <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atypical_antipsychotic" title="Atypical antipsychotic">atypical antipsychotics</a> during this period. He attributed the depiction to the screenwriter (whose mother, he notes, was a psychiatrist), who was worried about the film encouraging people with the disorder to stop taking their medication.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> R. Whitaker wrote an article suggesting that recovery from problems like Nash's can be hindered by such drugs.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Nash has said the psychotropic drugs are overrated and that the adverse effects are not given enough consideration once someone is deemed <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_illness" title="Mental illness" class="mw-redirect">mentally ill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> According to Sylvia Nasar, author of the book <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(book)" title="A Beautiful Mind (book)">A Beautiful Mind</a>, on which the movie was based, Nash recovered gradually with the passage of time. Encouraged by his then former wife, de Lardé, Nash worked in a <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communitarian" title="Communitarian" class="mw-redirect">communitarian</a> setting where his eccentricities were accepted. De Lardé said of Nash, "it's just a question of living a quiet life".<a href="#cite_note-Nasar1994-19">[19]</a> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg/220px-John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg" width="220" height="303" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg/330px-John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg/440px-John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="1000"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_f_nash_20061102_3.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Nash in November 2006 at a game theory conference in Cologne.</div> </div> </div> Nash dates the start of what he terms "mental disturbances" to the early months of 1959 when his wife was pregnant. He has described a process of change "from scientific rationality of thinking into the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delusional" title="Delusional" class="mw-redirect">delusional</a> thinking characteristic of persons who are psychiatrically diagnosed as 'schizophrenic' or 'paranoid schizophrenic'"<a href="#cite_note-Nash1995-29">[29]</a> including seeing himself as a messenger or having a special function in some way, and with supporters and opponents and hidden schemers, and a feeling of being persecuted, and looking for signs representing divine revelation.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Nash has suggested his delusional thinking was related to his unhappiness and his striving to feel important and be recognized, and to his characteristic way of thinking, saying, "I wouldn't have had good scientific ideas if I had thought more normally." He has also said, "If I felt completely pressureless I don't think I would have gone in this pattern".<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> He does not see a categorical distinction between terms such as schizophrenia and <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_disorder" title="Bipolar disorder">bipolar disorder</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Nash reports that he did not hear voices until around 1964, and later engaged in a process of consciously rejecting them.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> He reports that he was always taken to hospitals against his will. He only temporarily renounced his "dream-like delusional hypotheses" after being in a hospital long enough to decide to superficially conform – to behave normally or to experience "enforced rationality". Only gradually on his own did he "intellectually reject" some of the "delusionally influenced" and "politically oriented" thinking as a waste of effort. However, by 1995, although he was "thinking rationally again in the style that is characteristic of scientists," he says he also felt more limited.<a href="#cite_note-Nash1995-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Experiences-34">[34]</a> Writing in 1994, Nash stated: <blockquote> "I spent times of the order of five to eight months in hospitals in New Jersey, always on an involuntary basis and always attempting a legal argument for release. And it did happen that when I had been long enough hospitalized that I would finally renounce my delusional hypotheses and revert to thinking of myself as a human of more conventional circumstances and return to mathematical research. In these interludes of, as it were, enforced rationality, I did succeed in doing some respectable mathematical research. Thus there came about the research for "Le problème de Cauchy pour les équations différentielles d'un fluide général"; the idea that Prof. Hironaka called 'the Nash blowing-up transformation'; and those of 'Arc Structure of Singularities' and 'Analyticity of Solutions of Implicit Function Problems with Analytic Data'. "But after my return to the dream-like delusional hypotheses in the later 60's I became a person of delusionally influenced thinking but of relatively moderate behavior and thus tended to avoid hospitalization and the direct attention of psychiatrists. "Thus further time passed. Then gradually I began to intellectually reject some of the delusionally influenced lines of thinking which had been characteristic of my orientation. This began, most recognizably, with the rejection of politically oriented thinking as essentially a hopeless waste of intellectual effort. So at the present time I seem to be thinking rationally again in the style that is characteristic of scientists."<a href="#cite_note-nobe-4">[4]</a></blockquote> <h2>Recognition and later career</h2> In 1978, Nash was awarded the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann_Theory_Prize" title="John von Neumann Theory Prize">John von Neumann Theory Prize</a> for his discovery of non-cooperative equilibria, now called <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash equilibria</a>. He won the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leroy_P._Steele_Prize" title="Leroy P. Steele Prize">Leroy P. Steele Prize</a> in 1999. In 1994, he received the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences</a> (along with <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">John Harsanyi</a> and <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten">Reinhard Selten</a>) as a result of his game theory work as a Princeton graduate student. In the late 1980s, Nash had begun to use <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email" title="Email">email</a> to gradually link with working mathematicians who realized that he was the John Nash and that his new work had value. They formed part of the nucleus of a group that contacted the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_of_Sweden" title="Bank of Sweden" class="mw-redirect">Bank of Sweden</a>'s Nobel award committee and were able to vouch for Nash's mental health ability to receive the award in recognition of his early work.[<a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As of 2011<a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr.&action=edit">[update]</a> Nash's recent work involves ventures in advanced game theory, including partial agency, which show that, as in his early career, he prefers to select his own path and problems. Between 1945 and 1996, he published 23 scientific studies. Nash has suggested hypotheses on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_illness" title="Mental illness" class="mw-redirect">mental illness</a>. He has compared not thinking in an acceptable manner, or being "insane" and not fitting into a usual social function, to being "on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strike</a>" from an economic point of view. He has advanced <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology" title="Evolutionary psychology">evolutionary psychology</a> views about the value of human diversity and the potential benefits of apparently nonstandard behaviors or roles.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Nash has developed work on the role of money in society. Within the framing theorem that people can be so controlled and motivated by money that they may not be able to reason rationally about it, he has criticized interest groups that promote quasi-doctrines based on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesian economics</a> that permit manipulative short-term <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflation</a> and <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt" title="Debt">debt</a> tactics that ultimately undermine currencies. He has suggested a global "industrial consumption <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_index" title="Price index">price index</a>" system that would support the development of more "<a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_money" title="Ideal money">ideal money</a>" that people could trust rather than more unstable "bad money". He notes that some of his thinking parallels economist and political philosopher <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich Hayek</a>'s thinking regarding money and a nontypical viewpoint of the function of the authorities.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Nash received an honorary degree, Doctor of Science and Technology, from <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon University</a> in 1999, an honorary degree in economics from the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Naples_Federico_II" title="University of Naples Federico II">University of Naples Federico II</a> on March 19, 2003,<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> an honorary doctorate in economics from the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiteit_Antwerpen" title="Universiteit Antwerpen" class="mw-redirect">University of Antwerp</a> in April 2007, and was keynote speaker at a conference on Game Theory. He has also been a prolific guest speaker at a number of world-class events, such as the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warwick_Economics_Summit" title="Warwick Economics Summit">Warwick Economics Summit</a> in 2005 held at the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">University of Warwick</a>. In 2012 he was elected as a fellow of the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society">American Mathematical Society</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <h2>Representation in culture</h2> At Princeton, campus legend Nash became known as "The Phantom of Fine Hall" <a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> (Princeton's mathematics center), a shadowy figure who would scribble arcane equations on blackboards in the middle of the night. He is referred to in a novel set at Princeton, The Mind-Body Problem, 1998, by <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebecca_Goldstein" title="Rebecca Goldstein">Rebecca Goldstein</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Nasar's biography of Nash, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(book)" title="A Beautiful Mind (book)">A Beautiful Mind</a>, was published in 1998. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Beautiful_Mind_(film)" title="A Beautiful Mind (film)">A film by the same name</a> was released in 2001; it changed or omitted certain events for the sake of its storyline. <h2>Awards</h2> <ul> <li>1994 - <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_for_Economics" title="Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics" class="mw-redirect">Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics</a></li> <li>2010 - <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Helix_Medal" title="Double Helix Medal">Double Helix Medal</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> <li>2015 - <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel_Prize" title="Abel Prize">Abel Prize</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li> </ul> <h2>See also</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory" title="Game theory">Game theory</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hex_(board_game)" title="Hex (board game)">Hex (board game)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates" title="List of Nobel laureates">List of Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_equilibrium" title="Nash equilibrium">Nash equilibrium</a></li> </ul> <h2>References</h2> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Oscar_race_scrutinizes-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Oscar_race_scrutinizes_1-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/oscar2002/2002-03-06-true-stories.htm">"Oscar race scrutinizes movies based on true stories"</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. March 6, 2002. Retrieved January 22, 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Oscar+race+scrutinizes+movies+based+on+true+stories&rft.date=March+6%2C+2002&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Flife%2Fmovies%2Foscar2002%2F2002-03-06-true-stories.htm&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/oscar2002/2002-03-24-winners.htm">"List of Oscar Winners"</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. March 25, 2002. Retrieved August 30, 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=List+of+Oscar+Winners&rft.date=March+25%2C+2002&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Flife%2Fmovies%2Foscar2002%2F2002-03-24-winners.htm&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> Yuhas, Daisy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=throughout-history-defining-schizophrenia-has-remained-challenge">"Throughout History, Defining Schizophrenia Has Remained A Challenge (Timeline)"</a>. Scientific american Mind (March 2013). Retrieved March 2, 2013.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Daisy&rft.aulast=Yuhas&rft.au=Yuhas%2C+Daisy&rft.btitle=Throughout+History%2C+Defining+Schizophrenia+Has+Remained+A+Challenge+%28Timeline%29&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle.cfm%3Fid%3Dthroughout-history-defining-schizophrenia-has-remained-challenge&rft.pub=Scientific+american+Mind+%28March+2013%29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nobe-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobe_4-6">g</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1994/nash-autobio.html">"John F. Nash, Jr. – Autobiography"</a>. Nobel Foundation. 1994. Retrieved February 5, 2011.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=John+F.+Nash%2C+Jr.+%E2%80%93+Autobiography&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Feconomics%2Flaureates%2F1994%2Fnash-autobio.html&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Kuhn W, Harold and Nasar, Sylvia (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/i7238.pdf">"The Essential John Nash"</a> (PDF). Princeton University Press. pp. Introduction, xi. Retrieved April 17, 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=The+Essential+John+Nash&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpress.princeton.edu%2Fchapters%2Fi7238.pdf&rft.pages=Introduction%2C+xi&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a href="#Nasar">Nasar (2011)</a>, pp. 46–7.</li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Nash, John F. (May 1950) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/https://www.princeton.edu/mudd/news/faq/topics/Non-Cooperative_Games_Nash.pdf">Non-Cooperative Games</a>, PhD Thesis, Princeton University.</li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Osborne, MJ (2004). An Introduction to Game Theory. Oxford, ENG: Oxford University Press. p. 23. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195128958" title="Special:BookSources/0195128958">0195128958</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.au=Osborne%2C+MJ&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Game+Theory&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0195128958&rft.pages=23&rft.place=Oxford%2C+ENG&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/press_room/2012/nash_exhibit.shtml">"2012 Press Release – National Cryptologic Museum Opens New Exhibit on Dr. John Nash"</a>. National Security Agency. Retrieved February 25, 2012.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=2012+Press+Release+%E2%80%93+National+Cryptologic+Museum+Opens+New+Exhibit+on+Dr.+John+Nash&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsa.gov%2Fpublic_info%2Fpress_room%2F2012%2Fnash_exhibit.shtml&rft.pub=National+Security+Agency&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://agtb.wordpress.com/2012/02/17/john-nashs-letter-to-the-nsa/">"John Nash's Letter to the NSA ; Turing's Invisible Hand"</a>. Retrieved February 25, 2012.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=John+Nash%27s+Letter+to+the+NSA+%3B+Turing%27s+Invisible+Hand&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fagtb.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F02%2F17%2Fjohn-nashs-letter-to-the-nsa%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> Goldstein, Scott (April 10, 2005) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/obituaries/articles/2005/04/10/eleanor_stier_84_brookline_nurse_had_son_with_nobel_laureate_mathematician_john_f_nash_jr/">Eleanor Stier, 84; Brookline nurse had son with Nobel laureate mathematician John F. Nash Jr.</a>, Boston.com News.</li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Sutherland, John (March 18, 2002) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2002/mar/18/awardsandprizes.highereducation">"Beautiful mind, lousy character"</a>, The Guardian, 18 March 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-Sylvia_Nasar_2011_143-13"><a href="#cite_ref-Sylvia_Nasar_2011_143_13-0">^</a> <a href="#Nasar">Nasar (2011)</a>, Chapter 17: Bad Boys, p. 143: "In this circle, Nash learned to make a virtue of necessity, styling himself self-consciously as a "free thinker." He announced that he was an atheist."</li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a href="#Nasar">Nasar (2011)</a>, p. 212: "Nash, by then an atheist, balked at a Catholic ceremony. He would have been happy to get married in city hall."</li> <li id="cite_note-david-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-david_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-david_15-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/06/07/daily/mind-book-review.html">David Goodstein, 'Mathematics to Madness, and Back'</a>, New York Times, 11 June 1998</li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvia_Nasar" title="Sylvia Nasar">Nasar, Sylvia</a> (March 25, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2002/mar/26/biography.highereducation">"The sum of a man"</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Retrieved 9 July 2012. <q>Contrary to widespread references to Nash's "numerous homosexual liaisons", he was not gay. While he had several emotionally intense relationships with other men when he was in his early 20s, I never interviewed anyone who claimed, much less provided evidence, that Nash ever had sex with another man. Nash was arrested in a police trap in a public lavatory in Santa Monica in 1954, at the height of the McCarthy hysteria. The military think-tank where he was a consultant, stripped him of his top-secret security clearance and fired him ... The charge - indecent exposure - was dropped.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=The+sum+of+a+man&rft.aufirst=Sylvia&rft.aulast=Nasar&rft.au=Nasar%2C+Sylvia&rft.date=March+25%2C+2002&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fbooks%2F2002%2Fmar%2F26%2Fbiography.highereducation&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://business.highbeam.com/62734/article-1P1-51401334/john-forbes-nash-may-lose-nj-home">"John Forbes Nash May Lose N.J. Home"</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. March 14, 2002. Retrieved February 22, 2011 – via <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighBeam" title="HighBeam" class="mw-redirect">HighBeam</a>. <q>West Windsor, N.J.: John Forbes Nash, Jr., whose life is chronicled in the Oscar-nominated movie A Beautiful Mind, could lose his home if the township picks one of its proposals to replace a nearby bridge.</q><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=John+Forbes+Nash+May+Lose+N.J.+Home&rft.date=March+14%2C+2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.highbeam.com%2F62734%2Farticle-1P1-51401334%2Fjohn-forbes-nash-may-lose-nj-home&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <a href="#Nasar">Nasar (2011)</a>, p. 251.</li> <li id="cite_note-Nasar1994-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nasar1994_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nasar1994_19-1">b</a> Nasar, Sylvia (November 13, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/13/business/the-lost-years-of-a-nobel-laureate.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm">"The Lost Years of a Nobel Laureate"</a>. New York Times.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=The+Lost+Years+of+a+Nobel+Laureate&rft.aufirst=Sylvia&rft.aulast=Nasar&rft.au=Nasar%2C+Sylvia&rft.date=November+13%2C+1994&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F11%2F13%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-lost-years-of-a-nobel-laureate.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dprint%26src%3Dpm&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/06/07/daily/nasar-nash.html">mirror1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~mwalker/NashStory.htm">mirror2</a></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Sabbagh, Karl (2003). Dr. Riemann's Zeros. London: Atlantic Books. pp. 87–88. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84354-100-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-84354-100-9">1-84354-100-9</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.aulast=Sabbagh&rft.au=Sabbagh%2C+Karl&rft.btitle=Dr.+Riemann%27s+Zeros&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-84354-100-9&rft.pages=87-88&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Atlantic+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nasar_ABM-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nasar_ABM_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nasar_ABM_21-1">b</a> <a href="#Nasar">Nasar (2011)</a>, p. 32.</li> <li id="cite_note-Roger_Ebert.27s_Movie-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Roger_Ebert.27s_Movie_22-0">^</a> Ebert, Roger (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://books.google.com/?id=HJGZOs4S4_EC">Roger Ebert's Movie Yearbook 2003</a>. Andrews McMeel Publishing. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7407-2691-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7407-2691-0">978-0-7407-2691-0</a>. Retrieved July 10, 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.au=Ebert%2C+Roger&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.btitle=Roger+Ebert%27s+Movie+Yearbook+2003&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DHJGZOs4S4_EC&rft.isbn=978-0-7407-2691-0&rft.pub=Andrews+McMeel+Publishing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gracefully_Insane-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Gracefully_Insane_23-0">^</a> Beam, Alex (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://books.google.com/?id=M2ZrduulEAwC">Gracefully Insane: The Rise and Fall of America's Premier Mental Hospital</a>. PublicAffairs. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-161-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58648-161-2">978-1-58648-161-2</a>. Retrieved July 10, 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.au=Beam%2C+Alex&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.aulast=Beam&rft.btitle=Gracefully+Insane%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+America%27s+Premier+Mental+Hospital&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DM2ZrduulEAwC&rft.isbn=978-1-58648-161-2&rft.pub=PublicAffairs&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> Greihsel, Marika (September 1, 2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1994/nash-interview.html">Interview with John Nash</a>. Nobel Foundation.</li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> Whitaker, R. (March 4, 2002) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2002/03/04/ncguest2.htm">"Mind drugs may hinder recovery"</a>. USA Today.</li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_11.html">"PBS Interview: Medication"</a>. 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_13.html">"PBS Interview: Paths to Recovery"</a>. 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_14.html">"PBS Interview: How does Recovery Happen?"</a> 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-Nash1995-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nash1995_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nash1995_29-1">b</a> Nash, John (1995) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1994/nash-autobio.html">"Autobiography"</a> from Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Prizes 1994, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, [Nobel Foundation], Stockholm, 1952,</li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_12.html">"PBS Interview: Delusional Thinking"</a>. 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_05.html">"PBS Interview: The Downward Spiral"</a> 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> Nash, John (April 10, 2005) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.schizophrenia.com/sznews/archives/001617.html">"Glimpsing inside a beautiful mind"</a>. Interview by Shane Hegarty. Schizophrenia.com.</li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_06.html">"PBS Interview: Hearing voices"</a>. 2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-Experiences-34"><a href="#cite_ref-Experiences_34-0">^</a> Nash, John <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/sfeature/sf_nash_08.html">"John Nash: My experience with mental illness"</a>. PBS Interview,2002.</li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> Neubauer, David (June 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://web.archive.org/web/20080421192944/http://health.yahoo.com/experts/depression/8207/john-nash-and-a-beautiful-mind-on-strike/">"John Nash and a Beautiful Mind on Strike"</a>. Yahoo Health. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://health.yahoo.com/experts/depression/8207/john-nash-and-a-beautiful-mind-on-strike/">the original</a> on April 21, 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=Neubauer&rft.au=Neubauer%2C+David&rft.btitle=John+Nash+and+a+Beautiful+Mind+on+Strike&rft.date=June+1%2C+2007&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhealth.yahoo.com%2Fexperts%2Fdepression%2F8207%2Fjohn-nash-and-a-beautiful-mind-on-strike%2F&rft.pub=Yahoo+Health&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Nash, John (2002). "Ideal Money". Southern Economic Journal 69 (1): 4–11. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1061553">10.2307/1061553</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.jstor.org/stable/1061553">1061553</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Ideal+Money&rft.aulast=Nash%2C+John&rft.au=Nash%2C+John&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1061553&rft.issue=1&rft.jstor=1061553&rft.jtitle=Southern+Economic+Journal&rft.pages=4-11&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=69" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Zuckerman, Julia (April 27, 2005) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2005/04/27/CampusNews/Nobel.Winner.Nash.Critiques.Economic.Theory-941301.shtml">"Nobel winner Nash critiques economic theory"</a>. The Brown Daily Herald.</li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> Capua, Patrizia (March 19, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2003/03/19/napoli-laurea-nash-il-genio-dei-numeri.html">"Napoli, laurea a Nash il 'genio dei numeri'"</a> (in Italian). la Repubblica.it.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.au=Capua%2C+Patrizia&rft.aufirst=Patrizia&rft.aulast=Capua&rft.btitle=Napoli%2C+laurea+a+Nash+il+%27genio+dei+numeri%27&rft.date=March+19%2C+2003&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fricerca.repubblica.it%2Frepubblica%2Farchivio%2Frepubblica%2F2003%2F03%2F19%2Fnapoli-laurea-nash-il-genio-dei-numeri.html&rft.pub=la+Repubblica.it&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.ams.org/profession/fellows-list">List of Fellows of the American Mathematical Society</a>, retrieved February 24, 2013.</li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Kwon, Ha Kyung (10 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://dailyprincetonian.com/news/2010/12/nash-gs-50-the-phantom-of-fine-hall/">"Nash GS ’50: ‘The Phantom of Fine Hall'"</a>. The Daily Princetonian. Retrieved 6 May 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=Nash+GS+%E2%80%9950%3A+%E2%80%98The+Phantom+of+Fine+Hall%27&rft.aufirst=Ha+Kyung&rft.au=Kwon%2C+Ha+Kyung&rft.aulast=Kwon&rft.date=10+December+2010&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdailyprincetonian.com%2Fnews%2F2010%2F12%2Fnash-gs-50-the-phantom-of-fine-hall%2F&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Princetonian&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> Nasar, Sylvia (3 November 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/06/14/reviews/nasar-nash.html">"The Lost Years of a Nobel Laureate"</a>. New York Times. Retrieved 6 May 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=The+Lost+Years+of+a+Nobel+Laureate&rft.aufirst=Sylvia&rft.aulast=Nasar&rft.au=Nasar%2C+Sylvia&rft.date=3+November+1994&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fbooks%2F98%2F06%2F14%2Freviews%2Fnasar-nash.html&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.cshl.edu/DHMD/2010-Honoree-John-F-Nash-Jr.html">"John F. Nash, Jr. 2010 Honoree"</a>. Retrieved 16 July 2014.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=John+F.+Nash%2C+Jr.+2010+Honoree&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cshl.edu%2FDHMD%2F2010-Honoree-John-F-Nash-Jr.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S42/72/29C63/">"Nash receives Abel Prize for revered work in mathematics"</a>. Retrieved 25 March 2015.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.btitle=Nash+receives+Abel+Prize+for+revered+work+in+mathematics&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.princeton.edu%2Fmain%2Fnews%2Farchive%2FS42%2F72%2F29C63%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol> </div> <h2>Bibliography</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicola_Acocella" title="Nicola Acocella">Acocella, Nicola</a> and Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni (2006), ‘Tinbergen and Theil meet Nash: controllability in policy games’, in: ‘Economics Letters’, 90(2): 213-218.</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicola_Acocella" title="Nicola Acocella">Acocella, Nicola</a> and Di Bartolomeo, G. and Piacquadio, P.G. [2009], ‘Conflict of interest, (implicit) coalitions and Nash policy games’, in: ‘Economics Letters’, 105: 303-305.</li> <li>Nasar, Sylvia (2011). A Beautiful Mind. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439126493" title="Special:BookSources/9781439126493">9781439126493</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.aulast=Nasar%2C+Sylvia&rft.au=Nasar%2C+Sylvia&rft.btitle=A+Beautiful+Mind&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781439126493&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> </ul> <h2>External links</h2> <table class="mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9"> <tr> <td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" width="34" height="40" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"/></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to: <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/John Forbes Nash, Jr.">John Forbes Nash, Jr.</a></td> </tr> </table> <table class="mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9"> <tr> <td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="30" height="40" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"/></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:John_Forbes_Nash" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:John Forbes Nash">John Forbes Nash</a>.</td> </tr> </table> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/1994/nash-autobio.html">Autobiography</a> at the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.math.princeton.edu/jfnj/">Nash's home page at Princeton</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ideas.repec.org/e/pna13.html">IDEAS/RePEc</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.princeton.edu/mudd/news/faq/topics/nash.shtml">Nash FAQ</a> from Princeton's Mudd Library, including a copy of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.princeton.edu/mudd/news/faq/topics/Non-Cooperative_Games_Nash.pdf">his dissertation</a> <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" title="Portable Document Format">(PDF)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_J._O%27Connor_(mathematician)" title="John J. O'Connor (mathematician)" class="mw-redirect">O'Connor, John J.</a>; <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_F._Robertson" title="Edmund F. Robertson">Robertson, Edmund F.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Nash.html">"John Forbes Nash, Jr."</a>, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics archive">MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</a>, <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=John+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C+John+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F.&rft.btitle=MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+archive&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FNash.html&rft.pub=University+of+St+Andrews&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> .</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.genealogy.ams.org/id.php?id=18590">John Forbes Nash, Jr.</a> at the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/nash/">A Brilliant Madness</a>" – a <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" title="Public Broadcasting Service" class="mw-redirect">PBS</a> American Experience documentary</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://film.guardian.co.uk/Distribution/Redirect_Artifact/0,4678,0-667864,00.html">John Nash speaks out</a> about alleged omissions in film – Guardian Unlimited</li> <li>John H. Lienhard (1994). "John Forbes Nash, Jr.". <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Engines_of_Our_Ingenuity" title="The Engines of Our Ingenuity">The Engines of Our Ingenuity</a>. Episode 983. NPR. KUHF-FM Houston.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.newsfinder.org/site/more/john_f_nash/">"John F. Nash by Lao Long"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://arielrubinstein.tau.ac.il/nash-lecture/nash-lecture.html">video: Ariel Rubinstein's Lecture: "John Nash, Beautiful Mind and Game Theory"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/the_earthling/2002/03/nash_equilibrium.single.html">"Nash Equilibrium"</a> 2002 <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a> article by <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Wright_(journalist)" title="Robert Wright (journalist)">Robert Wright</a>, about Nash's work and world government</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.edizioniets.com/Scheda.asp?N=978-884671888-4">Video, with book, of Nash's meeting</a> with <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio_De_Giorgi" title="Ennio De Giorgi" class="mw-redirect">Ennio De Giorgi</a>, Trento, Italy, 1996.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/press_room/2012/nash_exhibit.shtml">NSA releases Nash Encryption Machine plans to National Cryptologic Museum</a> for public viewing, 2012</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Nash.html">John F. Nash Jr. (1928– )</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Concise_Encyclopedia_of_Economics" title="The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics">The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics</a>. <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Economics_and_Liberty" title="Library of Economics and Liberty">Library of Economics and Liberty</a> (2nd ed.) (<a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Fund" title="Liberty Fund">Liberty Fund</a>). 2008.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Forbes+Nash%2C+Jr.&rft.atitle=John+F.+Nash+Jr.+%281928%E2%80%93+%29&rft.date=2008&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.econlib.org%2Flibrary%2FEnc%2Fbios%2FNash.html&rft.jtitle=The+Concise+Encyclopedia+of+Economics&rft.pub=Liberty+Fund&rft.series=Library+of+Economics+and+Liberty&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiWBWwCa1E0">"Aljazeera - One on One - Professor John Nash - 5 Dec 09 - Part 1"</a> on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufKIgW9XrCE">"Aljazeera - One on One - Professor John Nash - 5 Dec 09 - Part 2"</a> on <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li> </ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Nobel_laureates_in_economics" title="Template:Nobel laureates in economics">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Nobel_laureates_in_economics" title="Template talk:Nobel laureates in economics">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Nobel_laureates_in_economics&action=edit">e</a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Memorial_Prize_laureates_in_Economics" title="List of Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics">Laureates</a> of the <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">1969–1975</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragnar_Frisch" title="Ragnar Frisch">Ragnar Frisch</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Tinbergen" title="Jan Tinbergen">Jan Tinbergen</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Samuelson" title="Paul Samuelson">Paul Samuelson</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Kuznets" title="Simon Kuznets">Simon Kuznets</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hicks" title="John Hicks">John Hicks</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wassily_Leontief" title="Wassily Leontief">Wassily Leontief</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Gunnar Myrdal</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich Hayek</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Kantorovich" title="Leonid Kantorovich">Leonid Kantorovich</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tjalling_Koopmans" title="Tjalling Koopmans">Tjalling Koopmans</a> (1975)</li> </ul> </div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"> <div><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nobel_Prize.png" class="image"><img alt="Nobel Prize.png" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" width="80" height="79" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492"/></a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">1976–2000</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertil_Ohlin" title="Bertil Ohlin">Bertil Ohlin</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Meade" title="James Meade">James Meade</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. Simon</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Schultz" title="Theodore Schultz">Theodore Schultz</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Arthur_Lewis" title="W. Arthur Lewis">Arthur Lewis</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Klein" title="Lawrence Klein">Lawrence Klein</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Tobin" title="James Tobin">James Tobin</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Stigler" title="George Stigler">George Stigler</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Debreu" title="Gérard Debreu">Gérard Debreu</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Stone" title="Richard Stone">Richard Stone</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco_Modigliani" title="Franco Modigliani">Franco Modigliani</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_M._Buchanan" title="James M. Buchanan">James M. Buchanan</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Solow" title="Robert Solow">Robert Solow</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Allais" title="Maurice Allais">Maurice Allais</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trygve_Haavelmo" title="Trygve Haavelmo">Trygve Haavelmo</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Markowitz" title="Harry Markowitz">Harry Markowitz</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merton_Miller" title="Merton Miller">Merton Miller</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_F._Sharpe" title="William F. Sharpe">William F. Sharpe</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Coase" title="Ronald Coase">Ronald Coase</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Becker" title="Gary Becker">Gary Becker</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Fogel" title="Robert Fogel">Robert Fogel</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglass_North" title="Douglass North">Douglass North</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harsanyi" title="John Harsanyi">John Harsanyi</a> / John Forbes Nash, Jr. / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhard_Selten" title="Reinhard Selten">Reinhard Selten</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Lucas,_Jr." title="Robert Lucas, Jr.">Robert Lucas, Jr.</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Mirrlees" title="James Mirrlees">James Mirrlees</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Vickrey" title="William Vickrey">William Vickrey</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_C._Merton" title="Robert C. Merton">Robert C. Merton</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myron_Scholes" title="Myron Scholes">Myron Scholes</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mundell" title="Robert Mundell">Robert Mundell</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Heckman" title="James Heckman">James Heckman</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_McFadden" title="Daniel McFadden">Daniel McFadden</a> (2000)</li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">2001–present</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Akerlof" title="George Akerlof">George Akerlof</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Spence" title="Michael Spence">Michael Spence</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph E. Stiglitz</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman" title="Daniel Kahneman">Daniel Kahneman</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_L._Smith" title="Vernon L. Smith">Vernon L. Smith</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Engle" title="Robert F. Engle">Robert F. Engle</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clive_Granger" title="Clive Granger">Clive Granger</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finn_E._Kydland" title="Finn E. Kydland">Finn E. Kydland</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_C._Prescott" title="Edward C. Prescott">Edward C. Prescott</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Aumann" title="Robert Aumann">Robert Aumann</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Schelling" title="Thomas Schelling">Thomas Schelling</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Phelps" title="Edmund Phelps">Edmund Phelps</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Hurwicz" title="Leonid Hurwicz">Leonid Hurwicz</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Maskin" title="Eric Maskin">Eric Maskin</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Myerson" title="Roger Myerson">Roger Myerson</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Krugman" title="Paul Krugman">Paul Krugman</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom" title="Elinor Ostrom">Elinor Ostrom</a> / <a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_E._Williamson" title="Oliver E. 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1578783">XX1578783</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table id="persondata" class="persondata noprint" style="border:1px solid #aaa; display:none; speak:none;"> <tr> <th colspan="2"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Persondata" title="Wikipedia:Persondata">Persondata</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Name</td> <td>Nash, John Forbes, Jr.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Alternative names</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Short description</td> <td>American mathematician</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Date of birth</td> <td>1928-06-13</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Place of birth</td> <td>Bluefield, West Virginia, United States</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Date of death</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="persondata-label" style="color:#aaa;">Place of death</td> <td></td> </tr> </table>    <noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428im_/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"/></noscript></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr.&oldid=653549867">http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr.&oldid=653549867</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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ناش – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Ne%C5%9F" title="Con Neş – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6" title="জন ফর্ব্‌স ন্যাশ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%81_%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%88" title="Джон Форбс Нэш – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Джон Наш – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Nash_Jr." title="John F. Nash Jr. – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca">Català</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash Jr. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A6%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%82_%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Τζων Φορμπς Νας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B2_%D9%86%D8%B4" title="جان فوربز نش – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd">Gàidhlig</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%ED%8F%AC%EB%B8%8C%EC%8A%A4_%EB%82%B4%EC%8B%9C" title="존 포브스 내시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D5%86%D5%A5%D5%B7" title="Ջոն Նեշ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="जॉन फोर्ब्स नैश जूनियर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%A1_%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A9" title="ג'ון פורבס נאש – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ಜಾನ್‌ ಫೋರ್ಬ್ಸ್‌ ನ್ಯಾಶ್‌ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98" title="ჯონ ფორბს ნეში – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Haitian" lang="ht" hreflang="ht">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Forbes_Nash" title="Ioannes Forbes Nash – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEons_Ne%C5%A1s" title="Džons Nešs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg">Malagasy</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash_jr." title="John Forbes Nash jr. – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5" title="ジョン・ナッシュ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Norwegian (bokmål)" lang="no" hreflang="no">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Nash_jr." title="John F. Nash jr. – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B6%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%B0" title="ଜନ୍ ନ୍ୟାଶ୍ ଜୁନିଅର – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nesh_Jon" title="Nesh Jon – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz">Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="جان فوربس نیش – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash_Jr" title="John Nash Jr – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%88,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Нэш, Джон Форбс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nash" title="John Nash – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Simple English" lang="simple" hreflang="simple">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEon_Ne%C5%A1" title="Džon Neš – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle" title="recommended article"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜான் ஃபோர்ப்ஸ் நாஷ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D" title="జాన్ నాష్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8A" title="จอห์น แนช – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash" title="John Forbes Nash – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%81_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Джон Форбс Неш – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr." title="John Forbes Nash, Jr. – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo">Yorùbá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E4%BB%80" title="约翰·福布斯·纳什 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh">中文</a></li> <li class="uls-p-lang-dummy"><a href="#"></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128736#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last modified on 26 March 2015, at 02:20.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="license" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150326152428/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a><a 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