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To ensure wide dissemination of its information, FAO is committed to making its content freely available and encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of the text, multimedia and data presented. The use of publications and documents available in the <a href="https://openknowledge.fao.org/home" target="_blank" data-sf-ec-immutable=""><strong>FAO Knowledge Repository</strong></a>, is governed by an <a href="https://www.fao.org/3/I9461EN/I9461en.pdf" target="_blank" data-sf-ec-immutable=""><strong>Open Access policy</strong></a>. Please consult this policy for detailed terms and conditions applicable to the use of FAO publications and documents.</p><p>Specific statistical databases are covered by the<strong> </strong>Open Data Licensing Policy, and governed by the <a href="https://www.fao.org/contact-us/terms/db-terms-of-use/en/" target="_blank" data-sf-ec-immutable=""><strong>Statistical Databases Terms of Use</strong></a>.</p><p>All other content on the FAO website (except where otherwise indicated), may be copied, printed and downloaded for private study, research and teaching purposes, and for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO's endorsement of users' views, products or services is not stated or implied in any way. FAO encourages unrestricted use of news releases provided on the FAO website; no formal permission is required to reproduce these materials.</p><p>All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be addressed to <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#c3a0acb3bab1aaa4abb783a5a2acedacb1a4"><strong><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="e3808c939a918a848b97a385828ccd8c9184">[email protected]</span></strong></a> or submitted via the online <a href="https://www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request/en/" target="_top" data-sf-ec-immutable=""><strong>Licence Request Form</strong></a> when downloading.</p><h5><strong>RECOMMENDED CITATION:</strong></h5><p>[© FAO] [Year of publication] [Title of content] [Page number (for publications)] [Location on FAO website] [Date accessed and/or downloaded]</p><p>Third-party content—FAO does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. FAO therefore does not warrant that the use of any third party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images.</p><p>All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to<strong> </strong><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#aac9c5dad3d8c3cdc2deeacccbc584c5d8cd"><strong><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="a8cbc7d8d1dac1cfc0dce8cec9c786c7dacf">[email protected]</span></strong></a></p><h5><strong>REUSE OF PHOTOGRAPHS</strong></h5><p>Conditions for reuse of photographs on the FAO website are the same as those for other content, with the exception that photographs must not be modified without prior permission.</p><p>Permission must be requested for any commercial use, advertising, marketing, storage or third-party distribution of FAO photographs. FAO reserves the right to withhold distribution and/or permission to reproduce FAO photographic material should the intended use be considered inappropriate. FAO photographs must be credited each time they are published. The recommended citation format for photographs is FAO/[name of photographer].</p><p>To request permissions, please send the URL address in which the photograph(s) appear to<strong> </strong><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#72021a1d061d5f1e1b100013000b3214131d5c1d0015"><strong><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="493921263d266425202b3b283b30092f282667263b2e">[email protected]</span></strong></a>.</p><h5><strong>NON-FAO CONTENT</strong></h5><p>The FAO website may include third party copyright material for which rights and permissions must be obtained from the copyright holder(s) indicated.</p><h5><strong>USE OF FAO LOGO</strong></h5><p>The FAO logo is the corporate identifier and official seal of the Organization, and it is protected under international treaties and conventions on intellectual property. Its use is highly restricted and is prohibited without prior permission. Requests for use of the FAO logo for any reason whatsoever, whether or not in association with other logos, must be addressed to<strong> </strong><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#65060a151c170c020d112503040a4b0a1702"><strong><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="016d6e666e4167606e2f6e7366">[email protected]</span></strong></a>. If permission for use of the FAO logo is granted, instructions for its placement and display, including related disclaimers, must be strictly adhered to. The use and reproduction of content containing the FAO logo must not be in association with advertising or with the names of proprietary products and must not imply FAO's endorsement of products or services in any way. FAO reserves the right to request the immediate removal of its logo from unauthorized websites or products.</p><h5><strong>LINKING TO THE FAO WEBSITE</strong></h5><p>FAO encourages users to establish hyperlinks to the FAO website and prior permission is not required. The FAO logo should not be included when linking to the FAO website, unless prior permission has been granted (see Use of FAO logo)</p><h5><strong>DISCLAIMERS</strong></h5><p>The designations employed and the presentation of information on the FAO website do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.</p><p>Information on this site is provided on an "as is" and "as available" basis. FAO makes every effort to ensure, but does not guarantee, the accuracy, completeness or authenticity of the information on the FAO website. FAO reserves the right to alter, limit or discontinue any part of this service at its discretion. Under no circumstances shall FAO be liable for any loss, damage, liability or expense suffered that is claimed to result from the use of information posted on this site, including without limitation, any fault, error, omission, interruption or delay.</p><p>Hyperlinks to non-FAO websites do not imply any official endorsement of or responsibility on the part of FAO for the opinions, ideas, data or products presented at these locations, or guarantee the validity of the information provided. The sole purpose of links to non-FAO sites is to indicate further information available on related topics. 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