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Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Un sac de billes</i> (roman)</h1> <div class="tagline"> roman de Joseph Joffo </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" 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dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Un sac de billes">Un sac de billes</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p><i><b>Un sac de billes</b></i> est un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9cit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Récit">récit</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autobiographie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autobiographie">autobiographique</a> de style libre écrit par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Joffo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Joffo">Joseph Joffo</a>, avec l'aide de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Klotz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Klotz">Claude Klotz</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patrick_Cauvin?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patrick Cauvin">Patrick Cauvin</a>), publié en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1973_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1973 en littérature">1973</a>. Traduit en 18 langues, le livre a connu un vif succès en librairie (20 millions de livres vendus dans 22 pays)</p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete universite italique" style="background-color:#7DA7D9;color:black;">Un sac de billes<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160407116">.mw-parser-output .entete.universite{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Picto_infobox_book.png")}</style></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="display:none;"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Auteur</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Joffo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Joffo">Joseph Joffo</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Pays</th> <td>France</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Genre</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roman_autobiographique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roman autobiographique">Roman autobiographique</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Éditeur</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Jean-Claude_Latt%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Jean-Claude Lattès">Éditions Jean-Claude Lattès</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Collection</th> <td>Édition spéciale</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Date de parution</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1973_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1973 en littérature">1973</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Illustrateur</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Lapointe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude Lapointe">Claude Lapointe</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Couverture</th> <td><span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence." style="cursor:help;">Photographie de son frère</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Nombre de pages</th> <td>253<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #7DA7D9 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color: inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DUn_sac_de_billes_(roman)%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>L'histoire se déroule entre 1941 et 1944 pendant la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_la_France_pendant_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de la France pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale">Seconde Guerre mondiale</a>, où deux jeunes frères <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_des_Juifs_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire des Juifs en France">juifs</a> doivent fuir à travers la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Occupation_de_la_France_par_l%27Allemagne_pendant_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Occupation de la France par l'Allemagne pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale">France occupée</a> par l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wehrmacht?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wehrmacht">armée allemande</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9sum%C3%A9"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Résumé</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Concordance_historique"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Concordance historique</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Port_de_l'%C3%A9toile_jaune"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Port de l'étoile jaune</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Occupation_de_la_zone_libre"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Occupation de la zone libre</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cons%C3%A9quences_sur_le_r%C3%A9cit"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Conséquences sur le récit</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_lib%C3%A9ration"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">La libération</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Commentaires_sur_le_livre"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Commentaires sur le livre</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Au-del%C3%A0_du_livre"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Au-delà du livre</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89ditions"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Éditions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Adaptation"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Adaptation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Références</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Résumé"><span id="R.C3.A9sum.C3.A9"></span>Résumé</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Résumé" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>L'action se situe dans la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9gime_de_Vichy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Régime de Vichy">France de 1941</a>. Joseph, le narrateur, est âgé de 10 ans au début du récit. C'est un petit parisien assez heureux vivant dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/18e_arrondissement_de_Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="18e arrondissement de Paris"><abbr class="abbr" title="Dix-huitième">18<sup>e</sup></abbr> arrondissement de Paris</a>, dernier d'une famille de sept enfants (dans l'ordre : Madeleine, Henri, Albert, Rosette, Esther, Maurice et Joseph). Il est très proche de son grand frère Maurice, deux ans plus âgé que lui. Ils fréquentent l'école Ferdinand-Flocon. Mais les Allemands occupent <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris">Paris</a> et en viennent à imposer le port de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89toile_jaune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Étoile jaune">étoile jaune</a><sup id="cite_ref-concordance_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-concordance-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Pressentant le pire, les parents de Joseph organisent la fuite de la famille en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_libre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone libre">zone libre</a>.</p> <p>Maurice et Joseph partent ainsi seuls un jour (début 1942) pour rejoindre Albert et Henri à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Menton_(Alpes-Maritimes)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Menton (Alpes-Maritimes)">Menton</a>. Leur traversée de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ligne_de_d%C3%A9marcation_en_France_durant_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ligne de démarcation en France durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale">ligne de démarcation</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hagetmau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hagetmau">Hagetmau</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> se passe sans problème, Maurice allant jusqu'à faire passer dans la nuit la ligne à un groupe et gagner ainsi 20 000 francs. Après une longue route semée de dangers et un passage par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marseille?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marseille">Marseille</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, ils retrouvent leurs grands frères à Menton.</p> <p>Quatre mois plus tard, leurs parents sont arrêtés à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pau">Pau</a>, internés au stade de la ville (qui était rattaché au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Camp_de_Gurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Camp de Gurs">camp de Gurs</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>) puis libérés grâce à l'intervention d'Henri.</p> <p>Les quatre frères rejoignent ensuite leurs parents arrivés à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nice">Nice</a>. Ils rentrent à l'école de la ville en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-09" data-sort-value="1942-09">septembre 1942</time> où ils passent toute une année scolaire (ils suivent l'avancée des alliés qui <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Torch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Opération Torch">débarquent en Afrique du Nord en novembre 1942</a> puis <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Husky?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Opération Husky">en Sicile en juillet 1943</a>).</p> <p>Dès leur arrivée à Nice, Maurice et Joseph sympathisent avec des soldats italiens<sup id="cite_ref-concordance_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-concordance-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et réalisent avec eux quelques trafics. Les Italiens mènent alors une « politique » différente des Allemands et des Français : pas d'arrestation de Juifs en zone occupée. Mais le répit ne dure qu'un temps pour la famille Joffo. Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1943-09-08" data-sort-value="1943-09-08">8 septembre 1943</time>, le maréchal <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pietro_Badoglio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pietro Badoglio">Pietro Badoglio</a> signe la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Campagne_d%27Italie_(Seconde_Guerre_mondiale)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#La_reddition_italienne" title="Campagne d'Italie (Seconde Guerre mondiale)">capitulation italienne</a> tandis que l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Italie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italie">Italie</a> du sud poursuit la guerre du côté des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alli%C3%A9s_de_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alliés de la Seconde Guerre mondiale">Alliés</a>. La zone d'occupation italienne est envahie par les Allemands (déjà présents en zone libre depuis <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-11" data-sort-value="1942-11">novembre 1942</time>).</p> <p>La famille Joffo doit à nouveau se disperser. Maurice et Joseph sont envoyés se cacher dans un camp des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chantiers_de_la_jeunesse_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chantiers de la jeunesse française">Chantiers de la jeunesse</a> (Moisson Nouvelle) à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Golfe-Juan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Golfe-Juan">Golfe-Juan</a>. Mais de passage à Nice, ils sont arrêtés et conduits à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gestapo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a> installée à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Excelsior_R%C3%A9gina_Palace?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Excelsior Régina Palace">hôtel Excelsior</a>. Les deux frères nient être juifs et la Gestapo finit par libérer Maurice afin qu'il ramène des certificats de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bapt%C3%AAme_catholique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baptême catholique">baptême catholique</a>. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cur%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Curé">curé</a> de la Buffa (Église Saint-Pierre d’Arène<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, rue de la Buffa à Nice) les lui fournit et intervient pour obtenir la libération des deux garçons, soutenu par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_R%C3%A9mond?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Rémond">Paul Rémond</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dioc%C3%A8se_de_Nice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diocèse de Nice">évêque de Nice</a>. Libres, ils retournent à Moisson Nouvelle mais doivent vite fuir à nouveau.</p> <p>Leurs parents sont restés cachés à Nice ; quand le père est arrêté (fin septembre ou début octobre <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1943?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1943">1943</a>) et amené à l'hôtel Excelsior, Maurice et Joseph, qui viennent d'échapper de justesse à la Gestapo, risquent d'être arrêtés de nouveau.</p> <p>Au début du mois d'octobre<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, ils passent chez leur sœur se trouvant à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ainay-le-Vieil?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ainay-le-Vieil">Ainay-le-Vieil</a> (dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cher_(d%C3%A9partement)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cher (département)">Cher</a>), puis chez Albert, Henri et leur mère<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aix-les-Bains?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aix-les-Bains">Aix-les-Bains</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Savoie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Savoie">Savoie</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. De là, Maurice et Joseph vont se cacher dans un village, R<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>Note 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Maurice y travaille à l'hôtel de Commerce et Joseph est engagé comme coursier et hébergé jusqu'à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration_de_la_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libération de la France">libération</a> par Ambroise Mancelier, un libraire <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P%C3%A9tainisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pétainisme">pétainiste</a> qui ignore que Joseph est juif.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-07-08" data-sort-value="1944-07-08">8 juillet 1944</time><sup id="cite_ref-concordance_3-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-concordance-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, l'heure des comptes a sonné dans le village. Joseph sauve le libraire en déclarant qu'il savait qu'il était juif mais ne peut empêcher son arrestation. Mais lorsque Paris est libéré en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-08" data-sort-value="1944-08">août 1944</time>, il l'abandonne pour retrouver sa famille qui a fini par regagner la capitale. Joseph prend le train pour Paris tandis que son frère Maurice, plus malin, se sert de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_Traction_Avant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Citroën Traction Avant">traction</a> de son patron.</p> <p>Le récit se termine par le retour de Joseph dans son quartier parisien et la mort de son père.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Concordance_historique">Concordance historique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Concordance historique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Port_de_l'étoile_jaune"><span id="Port_de_l.27.C3.A9toile_jaune"></span>Port de l'étoile jaune</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Port de l'étoile jaune" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En juin 1942, le journal officiel publia une ordonnance du « Militaerbefehlahaber in Frankreich » disposant : 1) Il est interdit aux juifs, dès l’âge de six ans révolus, de paraître en public sans porter l’étoile juive. 2) L’étoile juive est une étoile à six pointes ayant les dimensions de la paume d’une main et les contours noirs. Elle est en tissu jaune et porte, en caractères noirs, l’inscription « Juif ». Elle devra être portée bien visiblement sur le côté gauche de la poitrine, solidement cousue sur le vêtement. Les infractions à la présente ordonnance seront punies d’emprisonnement et d’amende ou d’une de ces peines. Des mesures de police, telles que l’internement dans un camp de Juifs, pourront s’ajouter ou être substituées à ces peines. </p> <p>Joseph Joffo se rapproche de cette date : <span class="citation">« Un jour de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-05" data-sort-value="1942-05">mai 1942</time>, Maman a cousu côté cœur, sur nos tabliers noirs, cette étoile jaune »</span> (chapitre 16).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Occupation_de_la_zone_libre">Occupation de la zone libre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Occupation de la zone libre" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Les 10 et <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-11-11" data-sort-value="1942-11-11">11 novembre 1942</time>, les Allemands et les Italiens envahissent la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Zone_libre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Zone libre">zone libre</a>. Ce fait n'est pas mentionné dans le récit, alors que le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Torch?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Opération Torch">débarquement des Alliés</a> dans les territoires français d'Afrique du Nord le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-11-08" data-sort-value="1942-11-08">8 novembre 1942</time> est cité. Le narrateur raconte se trouver avec ses parents et ses frères à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nice">Nice</a> depuis la fin du printemps 1942 dans une ville occupée par les Italiens dès leur arrivée (chapitre VII). Si depuis 1940, la ville de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Menton_(Alpes-Maritimes)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Menton (Alpes-Maritimes)">Menton</a> est annexée par les Italiens<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (comme le note l'auteur : <span class="citation">« Les grands palaces, le sanatorium étaient occupés par l'état-major italien et un minimum de troupes qui menaient là une vie de farniente »</span>, chapitre VII) , Nice est occupée par les Italiens seulement à partir du <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-11-11" data-sort-value="1942-11-11">11 novembre 1942</time><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Conséquences_sur_le_récit"><span id="Cons.C3.A9quences_sur_le_r.C3.A9cit"></span>Conséquences sur le récit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Conséquences sur le récit" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Les deux frères ne seraient donc pas partis de Paris en hiver mais en mai ou <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-06" data-sort-value="1942-06">juin 1942</time>. À leur arrivée à Menton quelques jours plus tard, ils se baignent d'ailleurs dans la mer mais ce n'est pas encore les vacances pour les écoliers (chapitre VI). Ils restent <span class="citation">« quatre mois à Menton »</span>. Il en découle un décalage dans le récit : le narrateur et ses frères passant tout l'été 1942 à Menton et non à Nice comme dit dans le récit ; l'arrivée à Nice aurait donc eu lieu ensuite (en novembre ?).</p> <p>Les souvenirs de Menton et de Nice auraient donc été mélangés comme on le remarque avec l'évocation des faits historiques dans le chapitre VII (Nice), dans cet ordre :</p> <ul> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_Stalingrad?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bataille de Stalingrad">chute de Stalingrad</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1943-02-02" data-sort-value="1943-02-02">2 février 1943</time>)</li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bataille_de_Rostov_(1943)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bataille de Rostov (1943)">libération de Rostov-sur-le-Don</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1943-02-14" data-sort-value="1943-02-14">14 février 1943</time>)</li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_%C3%89toile?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Opération Étoile">reprise de Kharkov</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1943-02-06" data-sort-value="1943-02-06">6 février 1943</time>)</li> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Seconde_bataille_d%27El_Alamein?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Seconde bataille d'El Alamein">seconde bataille d'El Alamein</a> (octobre et <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-11" data-sort-value="1942-11">novembre 1942</time>)</li> <li>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Husky?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Opération Husky">débarquement en Sicile</a> (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1943-07-02" data-sort-value="1943-07-02">2 juillet 1943</time>)</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="La_libération"><span id="La_lib.C3.A9ration"></span>La libération</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : La libération" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>La date de la libération de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rumilly_(Haute-Savoie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rumilly (Haute-Savoie)">Rumilly</a> où se trouve le narrateur n'est pas le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-07-08" data-sort-value="1944-07-08">8 juillet 1944</time> mais le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-08-19" data-sort-value="1944-08-19">19 août 1944</time><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> après l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9barquement_de_Provence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Débarquement de Provence">opération Dragoon</a>. Cela ne change pas l'ordre du récit car Joseph attend la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration_de_Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libération de Paris">libération de Paris</a> effective le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-08-25" data-sort-value="1944-08-25">25 août 1944</time> pour quitter Rumilly.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Commentaires_sur_le_livre">Commentaires sur le livre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Commentaires sur le livre" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Le livre, dans sa première version, a été proposé à plusieurs maisons d'édition réputées qui l'ont refusé. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Claude_Latt%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Claude Lattès">Jean-Claude Lattès</a>, éditeur débutant à l'époque, accepte le livre et conseille à Joffo de se faire aider pour améliorer la qualité littéraire. Il se fait alors aider par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Klotz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Klotz">Claude Klotz</a>, connu sous le nom d'auteur de Patrick Cauvin, et le remercie en ces termes au début du livre : "Je tiens à remercier mon ami l'écrivain Claude Klotz, qui a bien voulu relire mon manuscrit et le corriger de sa main si sûre<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>."</p> <p>Le succès du livre est fulgurant et il devient un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Best-seller?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Best-seller">best-seller</a> en France pour l'année 1973.</p> <p>Joseph Joffo raconte avec truculence ces années de guerre dans une grande partie du livre. Le livre pointe avec un regard d'enfant l'absurdité d'une situation où deux enfants innocents doivent fuir et se cacher pour survivre. D'absurdité, il est aussi question lorsque la famille Joffo se retrouve en 1943 en sécurité à Nice occupée par les Italiens, alliés des nazis mais ne réalisant pas la persécution des Juifs dans leur zone d'occupation.</p> <p>Le comble de la folie nazie est atteint lorsque la Gestapo niçoise s'acharne à déterminer si les deux garçons sont juifs pendant des semaines alors que l'armée allemande enchaîne les défaites.</p> <p>Joseph Joffo a écrit en 1977 la suite de son histoire dans <i>Baby-foot</i> et le prologue d’<i>Un sac de billes</i> en 1997 sous le titre <i>Agates et calots</i>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Au-delà_du_livre"><span id="Au-del.C3.A0_du_livre"></span>Au-delà du livre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Au-delà du livre" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>En 1985, Maurice Joffo, pourtant devenu très riche avec ses nombreux salons de coiffure, est arrêté : c'est un des plus grands receleurs de bijoux volés de Paris. L'instruction est confiée à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Louis_Debr%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Louis Debré">Jean-Louis Debré</a>. Pour disculper son frère, Joseph Joffo déclare : <span class="citation">« C'est la faute à notre enfance juive et traquée durant l'occupation. Mon frère avait besoin d'entasser, de garder. Cela le sécurisait, probablement. »</span><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Éditions"><span id=".C3.89ditions"></span>Éditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Éditions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li>Joseph Joffo, <i>Un sac de billes</i>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Jean-Claude_Latt%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Jean-Claude Lattès">Éditions Jean-Claude Lattès</a>, 1973</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Joffo1982"><span class="ouvrage" id="Joseph_Joffo1982"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Joffo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Joffo">Joseph <span class="nom_auteur">Joffo</span></a>, <cite class="italique">Un sac de billes</cite>, Paris, LGF « Le Livre de Poche » <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 5641, <time>1982</time>, 379 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-253-02949-1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-253-02949-1"><span class="nowrap">2-253-02949-1</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Un+sac+de+billes&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=LGF+%C2%AB+Le+Livre+de+Poche+%C2%BB+%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%22num%C3%A9ro%22%3En%3Csup%3Eo%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3B5641&rft.aulast=Joffo&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1982&rft.tpages=379&rft.isbn=2-253-02949-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUn+sac+de+billes+%28roman%29"></span></span></span></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Adaptation">Adaptation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Adaptation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1975_au_cin%C3%A9ma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1975 au cinéma">1975</a> : <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(film,_1975)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Un sac de billes (film, 1975)">Un sac de billes</a></i>, film français réalisé par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Doillon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Doillon">Jacques Doillon</a></li> <li>2011-2012-2014 : <i>Un sac de billes</i>, adaptation en bande dessinée en 3 tomes, par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kris_(sc%C3%A9nariste)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kris (scénariste)">Kris</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vincent_Bailly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vincent Bailly">Vincent Bailly</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2017_au_cin%C3%A9ma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2017 au cinéma">2017</a> : <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(film,_2017)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Un sac de billes (film, 2017)">Un sac de billes</a></i>, film français de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christian_Duguay?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christian Duguay">Christian Duguay</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-concordance-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-concordance_3-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-concordance_3-1">b</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-concordance_3-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">L'auteur prend des libertés par rapport à la chronologie historique au cours du livre. Voir section concordance historique.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Ils vont au cinéma lors de leur passage à Marseille et y voient <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Aventures_fantastiques_du_baron_Munchhausen?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Aventures fantastiques du baron Munchhausen">Les Aventures fantastiques du baron Munchhausen</a></i>, un film qui, historiquement, n'aura sa première française qu'en février 1944, alors que l'action est censée se dérouler durant l'hiver 1942.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Ce « village » est révélé comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rumilly_(Haute-Savoie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rumilly (Haute-Savoie)">Rumilly</a> dans la postface du livre, édition de poche 1998 ; Joseph Joffo a été fait citoyen d'honneur de cette ville.</span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35440395x.public">35440395</a></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.histoiredenlire.com/20e-siecle/seconde-guerre-mondiale/sac-billes.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Présentation du roman</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Histoiredenlire.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2010-09-01" data-sort-value="2010-09-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> septembre 2010</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sudouest.fr/2010/08/05/sur-les-traces-d-un-celebre-sac-de-billes-154367-3333.php">« Sur les traces d’un célèbre sac de billes »</a>, Jean-Denis Renard, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sud_Ouest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sud Ouest">Sud-Ouest</a>.fr</i>, 5 août 2010.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/page/affichepage.php?idLang%3Dfr%26idPage%3D4546"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Les camps dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr</span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_%C3%A9difices_religieux_de_Nice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des édifices religieux de Nice">Liste des édifices religieux de Nice</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">« Nous étions au début d'octobre mais jamais un hiver ne fut aussi précoce que celui de cette année 1943 »</span>, chapitre X.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">« Albert, Henri, maman qui les avait rejoints, avaient été ravis de nous voir »</span>, <i>Un sac de billes</i>, chapitre XI.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="citation">« Fin d'année 1943 »</span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_Menton?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de Menton">Histoire de Menton</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_de_Nice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire de Nice">Histoire de Nice</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.mairie-rumilly74.fr/decouvrir_rumilly/histoire/naissance_du_comte_de_savoie"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Naissance du comté de Savoie</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">mairie-rumilly74.fr</span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Un Sac de billes, Jean-Claude Lattès, 1973</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris_Match?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris Match">Paris Match</a></i> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1868, 15 mars 1985, pages 82 et 83, article de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Cau?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Cau">Jean Cau</a> : « Monsieur Joffo trahi par Le Grand Maurice. Un trésor de 50 millions de francs exposé au quai des Orfèvres. C'est le magot du plus grand receleur du siècle ».</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" 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