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style="display:none">Anti-air weapons against low-flying targets</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JLTV_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/JLTV_1.jpg/220px-JLTV_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/JLTV_1.jpg/330px-JLTV_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/JLTV_1.jpg/440px-JLTV_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>At AUSA 2017, a <a href="/wiki/JLTV" class="mw-redirect" title="JLTV">JLTV</a> Utility variant mounting Boeing's SHORAD Launcher</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Short range air defense</b> (<b>SHORAD</b>) is a group of <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-aircraft">anti-aircraft</a> <a href="/wiki/Weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Weapons">weapons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_tactics" title="Military tactics">tactics</a> that have to do with defense against low-altitude air threats, primarily <a href="/wiki/Helicopters" class="mw-redirect" title="Helicopters">helicopters</a> and low-flying aircraft such as the <a href="/wiki/A-10_Thunderbolt_II" class="mw-redirect" title="A-10 Thunderbolt II">A-10</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">Sukhoi Su-25</a>. SHORAD and its complements, <a href="/wiki/HIMAD" class="mw-redirect" title="HIMAD">HIMAD</a> (High to Medium Air Defense) and <a href="/wiki/THAAD" class="mw-redirect" title="THAAD">THAAD</a> (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense) divide <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Battlespace" title="Battlespace">battlespace</a> into domes of responsibility based on altitude and defensive weapon ranges.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Land_Force_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces Land Force Command">Canadian Forces Land Force Command</a> used the <a href="/wiki/Air_Defense_Anti-Tank_System" title="Air Defense Anti-Tank System">Air Defense Anti-Tank System</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (ADATS) based on the <a href="/wiki/M113_armored_personnel_carrier" title="M113 armored personnel carrier">M113A2</a> prior to its retirement from service in 2012. ADATS is a completely self-contained system in an unmanned turret with FLIR (Forward-Looking Infrared) and TV sensors, laser rangefinder and designator, a search radar. Composed of eight missiles, the ADATS can find and hit multiple threats in few seconds. Also in the Canadian Army, the <a href="/wiki/Coyote_Reconnaissance_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle">Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle</a> and <a href="/wiki/LAV_III" title="LAV III">LAV III</a> hold anti aircraft turrets that are capable of destroying attacking aircraft. They have a range of 2400 meters. After the withdrawal of the ADATS, <a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall" title="Rheinmetall">Rheinmetall</a> Canada made the AMADS (Advanced Man-portable Air Defense System) which serves as the short range air defense trainer for the Canadian army. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="China">China</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PLAAF (People's Liberation Army Air force) uses the indigenous <a href="/wiki/HQ-17" title="HQ-17">HQ-17</a> SHORAD air defense system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Germany">Germany</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_Air_Defence" title="Rheinmetall Air Defence">Rheinmetall Air Defence</a> has developed two types of SHORAD systems called <a href="/wiki/Skyranger_30" title="Skyranger 30">Skyranger 30</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skyranger_35" title="Skyranger 35">Skyranger 35</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denmark has also ordered the Skyranger 30 mounted on <a href="/wiki/Mowag_Piranha_V" title="Mowag Piranha V">Mowag Piranha Vs</a> on 16 May 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="India">India</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_(VSHORADS)_missile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_%28VSHORADS%29_missile.jpg/220px-Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_%28VSHORADS%29_missile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_%28VSHORADS%29_missile.jpg/330px-Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_%28VSHORADS%29_missile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_%28VSHORADS%29_missile.jpg/440px-Maiden_launch_of_Very_Short_Range_Air_Defence_System_%28VSHORADS%29_missile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2296" data-file-height="3450" /></a><figcaption>India's maiden test of VSHORADS launcher and missile</figcaption></figure> <p>India started testing indigenous <a href="/wiki/VSHORAD_(India)" title="VSHORAD (India)">VSHORAD</a> system. Multiple tests were conducted successfully. The missile uses dual thrust motors and is meant to take out low flying targets.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Norway">Norway</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Norway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Norwegian Army ordered "Mobile Ground Based Air Defence System" based on <a href="/wiki/NASAMS" title="NASAMS">NASAMS</a> 3, which includes air-mobile Humvee launchers capable of firing <a href="/wiki/AIM-9X" class="mw-redirect" title="AIM-9X">AIM-9X Sidewinder</a> missiles and tracked launchers for <a href="/wiki/IRIS-T#Ground-to-air" title="IRIS-T">IRIS-T SLS</a> missiles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Russia">Russia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantsir-S1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantsir-S1">Pantsir-S1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2K22_Tunguska" title="2K22 Tunguska">2K22 Tunguska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buk_missile_system" title="Buk missile system">Buk missile system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_missile_system" title="Tor missile system">Tor missile system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/42S6_Morfey" title="42S6 Morfey">42S6 Morfey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9M337_Sosna-R" title="9M337 Sosna-R">9M337 Sosna-R</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sweden">Sweden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sweden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Army" title="Swedish Army">Swedish Army</a> ordered LVRBS 98 systems based on a <a href="/wiki/BvS_10" class="mw-redirect" title="BvS 10">BvS 10</a> All Terrain Armoured Vehicle equipped with four <a href="/wiki/IRIS-T#Ground-to-air" title="IRIS-T">IRIS-T SLS</a> missiles.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a>, Avenger air defense artillery battalions will be assigned to a theater or <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a>, and may attach <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> platoons to a <a href="/wiki/Brigade_combat_team" title="Brigade combat team">brigade combat team</a> or maneuver <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a>. SHORAD units are based upon a mounted platform, the <a href="/wiki/AN/TWQ-1_Avenger" title="AN/TWQ-1 Avenger">AN/TWQ-1 Avenger</a>, which utilizes eight <a href="/wiki/FIM-92_Stinger" title="FIM-92 Stinger">FIM-92 Stinger</a> missiles coupled with a <a href="/wiki/FLIR" class="mw-redirect" title="FLIR">FLIR</a>, laser range finder, and a M3P 12.7 mm (.50) caliber machine gun for close-in defense. </p><p>The Army also ordered <a href="/wiki/Stryker#SHORAD" title="Stryker">Stryker SHORAD</a> platform, equipped with four Stinger and two <a href="/wiki/AGM-114_Hellfire" title="AGM-114 Hellfire">AGM-114L Longbow Hellfire</a> missiles, 30 mm <a href="/wiki/M230_chain_gun" title="M230 chain gun">M230 chain gun</a>, 7.62 <a href="/wiki/M240_machine_gun" title="M240 machine gun">M240 machine gun</a>, and a 360-degree search radar system. First vehicles were delivered in 2021, and a total of 144 vehicles will be deployed by 2025. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a>, there are only two existing Low Altitude Air Defense (LAAD) Battalions : <a href="/wiki/2d_Low_Altitude_Air_Defense_Battalion" title="2d Low Altitude Air Defense Battalion">2d Low Altitude Air Defense Battalion</a> and <a href="/wiki/3d_Low_Altitude_Air_Defense_Battalion" title="3d Low Altitude Air Defense Battalion">3d Low Altitude Air Defense Battalion</a>. </p><p>The following <a href="/wiki/Military_Occupational_Specialty" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Occupational Specialty">Military Occupational Specialties</a> (MOS's) are related to SHORAD: </p> <ul><li>14G: Air Defense Battle Management System Operator (formerly 14J)</li> <li>14P: Avenger Crew Member / MANPADS Fire Unit</li> <li>7212: Low Altitude Air Defense Gunner (USMC)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_anti-aircraft_weapon" title="Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon">Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starstreak" title="Starstreak">Starstreak</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_range_air_defense&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://fas.org/sgp/crs/weapons/IN10931.pdf">https://fas.org/sgp/crs/weapons/IN10931.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-146.html">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merkur.de/politik/rheinmetall-skyranger-angriffsdrohne-russland-wladimir-putin-neue-superwaffe-ukraine-krieg-92132417.html">"Neue Superwaffe im Ukraine-Krieg: Rheinmetall lässt Skyranger in Ukraine testen"</a>. 17 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neue+Superwaffe+im+Ukraine-Krieg%3A+Rheinmetall+l%C3%A4sst+Skyranger+in+Ukraine+testen&rft.date=2023-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merkur.de%2Fpolitik%2Frheinmetall-skyranger-angriffsdrohne-russland-wladimir-putin-neue-superwaffe-ukraine-krieg-92132417.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShort+range+air+defense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.fmi.dk/da/nyheder/2023/forsvaret-har-valgt-maskinkanon-til-harens-nye-luftvarn/">https://www.fmi.dk/da/nyheder/2023/forsvaret-har-valgt-maskinkanon-til-harens-nye-luftvarn/</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1862617">"Successful Flight Tests of Very Short Range Air Defence System (VSHORADS) Missile by DRDO"</a>. <i>pib.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pib.gov.in&rft.atitle=Successful+Flight+Tests+of+Very+Short+Range+Air+Defence+System+%28VSHORADS%29+Missile+by+DRDO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpib.gov.in%2Fpib.gov.in%2FPressreleaseshare.aspx%3FPRID%3D1862617&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShort+range+air+defense" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/drdo-conducts-successful-test-flight-of-vshorads-missile/articleshow/94486305.cms">"DRDO conducts successful test flight of VSHORADS missile"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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