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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vlastnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vlastnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vlastnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vlastnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Příklad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Příklad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Příklad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Příklad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Šíření tepla prouděním</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 71 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksie" title="Konveksie – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Konveksie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="حمل (فيزياء) – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حمل (فيزياء)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conveici%C3%B3n" title="Conveición – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Conveición" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksiya" title="Konveksiya – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Konveksiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Канвекцыя – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Канвекцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Конвекция – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Конвекция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convecci%C3%B3" title="Convecció – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Convecció" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Конвекци – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Конвекци" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darfudiad" title="Darfudiad – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Darfudiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvektion" title="Konvektion – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konvektion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvektion" title="Konvektion – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Konvektion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Συναγωγή θερμότητας – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συναγωγή θερμότητας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection" title="Convection – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Convection" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekto" title="Konvekto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Konvekto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convecci%C3%B3n" title="Convección – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Convección" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvektsioon" title="Konvektsioon – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Konvektsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konbekzio" title="Konbekzio – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konbekzio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA" title="همرفت – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="همرفت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvektio" title="Konvektio – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Konvektio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection" title="Convection – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Convection" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comhiompar" title="Comhiompar – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Comhiompar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convecci%C3%B3n" title="Convección – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Convección" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%94)" title="הסעה (מעבר חום ומסה) – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הסעה (מעבר חום ומסה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="संवहन – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संवहन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksyon" title="Konveksyon – haitština" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Konveksyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekci%C3%B3" title="Konvekció – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Konvekció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Կոնվեկցիա – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոնվեկցիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksi" title="Konveksi – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konveksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekto" title="Konvekto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Konvekto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convezione" title="Convezione – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Convezione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BE%E6%B5%81" title="対流 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="対流" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konv%C3%A8ksi" title="Konvèksi – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Konvèksi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="კონვექცია – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კონვექცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Конвекция – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Конвекция" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%A5%98" title="대류 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Конвекция – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Конвекция" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convezion" title="Convezion – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Convezion" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86" title="Конвекц – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Конвекц" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perolakan" title="Perolakan – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perolakan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convectie" title="Convectie – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Convectie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksjon" title="Konveksjon – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Konveksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksjon" title="Konveksjon – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konveksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nannee_Ho%27aa" title="Nannee Ho'aa – oromština" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Nannee Ho'aa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konwekcja" title="Konwekcja – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Konwekcja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convession" title="Convession – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Convession" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convec%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Convecção – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Convecção" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convec%C8%9Bie" title="Convecție – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Convecție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Конвекция – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конвекция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="ස්වාභාවික සංවහන තාප සංක්‍රාමණය – sinhálština" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්වාභාවික සංවහන තාප සංක්‍රාමණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection" title="Convection – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Convection" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%BAdenie_tepla" title="Prúdenie tepla – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prúdenie tepla" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusengedzano" title="Rusengedzano – šonština" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Rusengedzano" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvekcija" title="Konvekcija – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Konvekcija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvektion" title="Konvektion – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konvektion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88" title="மேற்காவுகை – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேற்காவுகை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="การพาความร้อน – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การพาความร้อน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksiyon" title="Konveksiyon – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Konveksiyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Конвекція – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конвекція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%86_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84" title="کنویکشن یا ترسیل – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کنویکشن یا ترسیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konveksiya" title="Konveksiya – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Konveksiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_l%C6%B0u" title="Đối lưu – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đối lưu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%B5%81" title="对流 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="对流" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E6%B5%81" title="對流 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="對流" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B9i-li%C3%BB" title="Tùi-liû – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tùi-liû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E6%B5%81" title="對流 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="對流" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160329#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q160329" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" 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typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Convection-snapshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Convection-snapshot.png/220px-Convection-snapshot.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Convection-snapshot.png/330px-Convection-snapshot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Convection-snapshot.png/440px-Convection-snapshot.png 2x" data-file-width="689" data-file-height="274" /></a><figcaption>Obrázek ukazuje model tepelné konvekce v <a href="/wiki/Zemsk%C3%BD_pl%C3%A1%C5%A1%C5%A5" title="Zemský plášť">zemském plášti</a>. Barvy blízké červené představují teplé oblasti kdežto modré chladné oblasti.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Šíření tepla prouděním (konvekcí)</b> je jeden ze způsobů <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla" title="Šíření tepla">šíření tepla</a>, kdy dochází k <a href="/wiki/Proud%C4%9Bn%C3%AD" title="Proudění">proudění</a> <a href="/wiki/Hmota" title="Hmota">hmoty</a> o různé <a href="/wiki/Teplota" title="Teplota">teplotě</a>. Šíření tepla prouděním není možné u pevných látek, uplatňuje se pouze u tekutin (<a href="/wiki/Kapalina" title="Kapalina">kapalin</a> a <a href="/wiki/Plyn" title="Plyn">plynů</a>), případně u <a href="/wiki/Plazma" title="Plazma">plazmatu</a>. Pohybem hmoty dochází k vzájemnému pohybu jednotlivých částí, které mají odlišnou teplotu a tedy různou hustotu <a href="/wiki/Vnit%C5%99n%C3%AD_energie" title="Vnitřní energie">vnitřní energie</a>, a tím se přenáší teplo. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vlastnosti">Vlastnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Vlastnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Vlastnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ve srovnání s <a href="/wiki/Veden%C3%AD_tepla" title="Vedení tepla">vedením tepla</a> může být šíření tepla prouděním rychlejší. </p><p>Samovolné proudění teplejších částí tekutého systému obvykle stoupá vzhůru, protože <a href="/wiki/Hustota" title="Hustota">hustota</a> kapalin a plynů s teplotou zpravidla klesá. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Příklad"><span id="P.C5.99.C3.ADklad"></span>Příklad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Příklad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Příklad"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote">Související informace naleznete také v článku <a href="/wiki/Termick%C3%A1_konvekce" title="Termická konvekce">Termická konvekce</a>.</div> <p>V <a href="/wiki/Zem%C4%9B" title="Země">zemské</a> <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A9ra" title="Atmosféra">atmosféře</a> obvykle <a href="/wiki/Hustota" title="Hustota">hustota</a> kapalin nebo <a href="/wiki/Plyn" title="Plyn">plynů</a> klesá s narůstající <a href="/wiki/Teplota" title="Teplota">teplotou</a>. V <a href="/wiki/Gravita%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_pole" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravitační pole">gravitačním poli</a> tedy ohřáté vrstvy kapaliny nebo plynu stoupají, zatímco ty chladnější klesají dolů. Dochází tak ke vzniku proudění, při kterém se přemísťují celé části kapaliny i se svou vnitřní energií. </p><p>Popsaný <a href="/wiki/Jev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jev">jev</a> se využívá např. při ohřívání kapaliny zdola, ochlazování seshora, využívá se pro <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirkulace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cirkulace (stránka neexistuje)">cirkulaci</a> <a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">vody</a> v <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ast%C5%99edn%C3%AD_topen%C3%AD" title="Ústřední topení">ústředním topení</a>. Má také velký vliv na <a href="/wiki/Kolob%C4%9Bh_vody" title="Koloběh vody">koloběh vody</a> v <a href="/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADroda" title="Příroda">přírodě</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Termick%C3%A1_konvekce" title="Termická konvekce">Termická konvekce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veden%C3%AD_tepla" title="Vedení tepla">Vedení tepla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla" title="Šíření tepla">Šíření tepla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1l%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Sálání">Sálání</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepeln%C3%A1_pohoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepelná pohoda">Tepelná pohoda</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Convection" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Convection">proudění tepla</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypqjz9UUGEY">VIDEO Proudění tepla (konvekce)</a></li></ul> <table class="plainlinks metadata noprint pahyl" cellpadding="2" style="background: transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pahýl"><img alt="Pahýl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a><figcaption>Pahýl</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><i>Tento článek je příliš stručný nebo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pah%C3%BDl" title="Wikipedie:Pahýl">postrádá důležité informace</a>.<br />Pomozte Wikipedii tím, že jej vhodně <a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0%C3%AD%C5%99en%C3%AD_tepla_proud%C4%9Bn%C3%ADm&action=edit">rozšíříte</a>. Nevkládejte však <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Autorsk%C3%A9_pr%C3%A1vo#Publikování_cizích_autorských_děl" title="Wikipedie:Autorské právo">bez oprávnění</a> cizí texty.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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