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devons mettre en place une économie de guerre. »</em> Emmanuel Macron a parfaitement raison, il faut le faire. Mais on ne peut plus se payer de mots. Il faut désormais agir. <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2022/03/15/raphael-glucksmann-si-nous-ne-defendons-pas-l-ukraine-pour-nos-principes-alors-faisons-le-pour-nos-interets-vitaux_6117543_3232.html">Cela fait d’ailleurs trois ans que nous le demandons</a>. Et, si nous l’avions fait en temps et en heure, peut-être ne serions-nous pas dans la situation actuelle.</p> <p class="article__paragraph ">La priorité pour l’Europe est aujourd’hui de continuer à soutenir l’Ukraine, dont l’armée efficace, expérimentée, est le meilleur moyen de dissuasion face à une attaque russe. Il va donc nous falloir produire des armes, mais pas seulement. Nous avons également besoin d’une autonomie en matière de communications et d’infrastructures numériques ainsi que d’une protection et d’un renforcement de nos infrastructures critiques.</p> <div id="inread_top" class="dfp-slot dfp__slot dfp__inread dfp-unloaded" data-format="inread_top" aria-hidden="true"></div> <p class="article__paragraph ">Pour cela, certains en appellent à la mise en œuvre de mesures antisociales particulièrement brutales. En d’autres termes, se débarrasser de l’Etat-providence (<em>welfare</em>) pour soutenir l’effort de guerre (<em>warfare</em>). Il n’en est pas question. Ce serait une erreur politique et une trahison des principes mêmes de l’économie de guerre (soutenir les troupes et, ici, la population). Si le passage à une économie de guerre nécessitera bien des efforts, ceux-ci ne sauraient reposer uniquement sur les plus faibles de notre société. Pour être acceptable, l’effort doit être équitable et partagé. Le <em>warfare </em>et le <em>welfare </em>ne s’opposent pas, ils vont de pair.</p> <h2 class="article__sub-title">La question du financement</h2> <p class="article__paragraph ">L’économie de guerre repose ainsi sur trois piliers. Le premier est la planification de la production. Pour soutenir leurs forces militaires et le moral de la population, les Etats doivent hiérarchiser les priorités et réorganiser leur économie pour répondre à des objectifs précis. Cela implique un recours massif à la commande publique par l’Etat, la signature de contrats de long terme avec les industriels et la structuration de certaines chaînes de production stratégiques. 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