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diffusion system</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: reaction diffusion system"> <meta name="keywords" content="reaction diffusion system"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="reaction diffusion system"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 20393</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: reaction diffusion system</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20393</span> Solutions of Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Equations Used to Model the Growth and Spreading of Biological Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Al-Khaled">Kamel Al-Khaled</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reaction-diffusion equations are commonly used in population biology to model the spread of biological species. In this paper, we propose a fractional reaction-diffusion equation, where the classical second derivative diffusion term is replaced by a fractional derivative of order less than two. Based on the symbolic computation system Mathematica, Adomian decomposition method, developed for fractional differential equations, is directly extended to derive explicit and numerical solutions of space fractional reaction-diffusion equations. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. Finally, the recent appearance of fractional reaction-diffusion equations as models in some ﬁelds such as cell biology, chemistry, physics, and ﬁnance, makes it necessary to apply the results reported here to some numerical examples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20partial%20differential%20equations" title="fractional partial differential equations">fractional partial differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-di%EF%AC%80usion%20equations" title=" reaction-diﬀusion equations"> reaction-diﬀusion equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adomian%20decomposition" title=" adomian decomposition"> adomian decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20species" title=" biological species"> biological species</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55994/solutions-of-fractional-reaction-diffusion-equations-used-to-model-the-growth-and-spreading-of-biological-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20392</span> A Study of Numerical Reaction-Diffusion Systems on Closed Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Hsiu%20Chi">Mei-Hsiu Chi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Yang%20Wu"> Jyh-Yang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Gwo%20Chen"> Sheng-Gwo Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diffusion-reaction equations are important Partial Differential Equations in mathematical biology, material science, physics, and so on. However, finding efficient numerical methods for diffusion-reaction systems on curved surfaces is still an important and difficult problem. The purpose of this paper is to present a convergent geometric method for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on closed surfaces by an O(r)-LTL configuration method. The O(r)-LTL configuration method combining the local tangential lifting technique and configuration equations is an effective method to estimate differential quantities on curved surfaces. Since estimating the Laplace-Beltrami operator is an important task for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on surfaces, we use the local tangential lifting method and a generalized finite difference method to approximate the Laplace-Beltrami operators and we solve this reaction-diffusion system on closed surfaces. Our method is not only conceptually simple, but also easy to implement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed%20surfaces" title="closed surfaces">closed surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-order%20approachs" title=" high-order approachs"> high-order approachs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20solutions" title=" numerical solutions"> numerical solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20systems" title=" reaction-diffusion systems"> reaction-diffusion systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56431/a-study-of-numerical-reaction-diffusion-systems-on-closed-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20391</span> Numerical Analysis of a Reaction Diffusion System of Lambda-Omega Type</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20J.%20Al%20Salman">Hassan J. Al Salman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20Al%20Ghafli"> Ahmed A. Al Ghafli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we consider a nonlinear in time finite element approximation of a reaction diffusion system of lambda-omega type. We use a fixed-point theorem to prove existence of the approximations at each time level. Then, we derive some essential stability estimates and discuss the uniqueness of the approximations. In addition, we employ Nochetto mathematical framework to prove an optimal error bound in time for d= 1, 2 and 3 space dimensions. Finally, we present some numerical experiments to verify the obtained theoretical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20diffusion%20system" title="reaction diffusion system">reaction diffusion system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20approximation" title=" finite element approximation"> finite element approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20estimates" title=" stability estimates"> stability estimates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20bound" title=" error bound"> error bound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40027/numerical-analysis-of-a-reaction-diffusion-system-of-lambda-omega-type" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20390</span> Mathematical and Numerical Analysis of a Reaction Diffusion System of Lambda-Omega Type</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Al%20Salman">Hassan Al Salman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Al%20Ghafli"> Ahmed Al Ghafli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study we consider a nonlinear in time finite element approximation of a reaction diffusion system of lambda-omega type. We use a fixed point theorem to prove existence of the approximations. Then, we derive some essential stability estimates and discuss the uniqueness of the approximations. Also, we prove an optimal error bound in time for d=1, 2 and 3 space dimensions. Finally, we present some numerical experiments to verify the theoretical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20diffusion%20system" title="reaction diffusion system">reaction diffusion system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20approximation" title=" finite element approximation"> finite element approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20point%20theorem" title=" fixed point theorem"> fixed point theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=an%20optimal%20error%20bound" title=" an optimal error bound"> an optimal error bound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28731/mathematical-and-numerical-analysis-of-a-reaction-diffusion-system-of-lambda-omega-type" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28731.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20389</span> A Simple Finite Element Method for Glioma Tumor Growth Model with Density Dependent Diffusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shangerganesh%20Lingeshwaran">Shangerganesh Lingeshwaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this presentation, we have performed numerical simulations for a reaction-diffusion equation with various nonlinear density-dependent diffusion operators and proliferation functions. The mathematical model represented by parabolic partial differential equation is considered to study the invasion of gliomas (the most common type of brain tumors) and to describe the growth of cancer cells and response to their treatment. The unknown quantity of the given reaction-diffusion equation is the density of cancer cells and the mathematical model based on the proliferation and migration of glioma cells. A standard Galerkin finite element method is used to perform the numerical simulations of the given model. Finally, important observations on the each of nonlinear diffusion functions and proliferation functions are presented with the help of computational results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glioma%20invasion" title="glioma invasion">glioma invasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20diffusion" title=" nonlinear diffusion"> nonlinear diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion" title=" reaction-diffusion"> reaction-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20eleament%20method" title=" finite eleament method"> finite eleament method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76998/a-simple-finite-element-method-for-glioma-tumor-growth-model-with-density-dependent-diffusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20388</span> Dynamics of a Reaction-Diffusion Problems Modeling Two Predators Competing for a Prey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Owolabi%20Kolade%20Matthew">Owolabi Kolade Matthew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we investigate both the analytical and numerical studies of the dynamical model comprising of three species system. We analyze the linear stability of stationary solutions in the one-dimensional multi-system modeling the interactions of two predators and one prey species. The stability analysis has a lot of implications for understanding the various spatiotemporal and chaotic behaviors of the species in the spatial domain. The analysis results presented have established the possibility of the three interacting species to coexist harmoniously, this feat is achieved by combining the local and global analyzes to determine the global dynamics of the system. In the presence of diffusion, a viable exponential time differencing method is applied to multi-species nonlinear time-dependent partial differential equation to address the points and queries that may naturally arise. The scheme is described in detail, and justified by a number of computational experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymptotically%20stable" title="asymptotically stable">asymptotically stable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coexistence" title=" coexistence"> coexistence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20time%20differencing%20method" title=" exponential time differencing method"> exponential time differencing method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20and%20local%20stability" title=" global and local stability"> global and local stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predator-prey%20model" title=" predator-prey model"> predator-prey model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear" title=" nonlinear"> nonlinear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20system" title=" reaction-diffusion system"> reaction-diffusion system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36617/dynamics-of-a-reaction-diffusion-problems-modeling-two-predators-competing-for-a-prey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20387</span> Investigation of the Growth Kinetics of Phases in Ni–Sn System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Varun%20A%20Baheti">Varun A Baheti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kashyap"> Sanjay Kashyap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamanio%20Chattopadhyay"> Kamanio Chattopadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Praveen%20Kumar"> Praveen Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aloke%20Paul"> Aloke Paul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ni–Sn system finds applications in the microelectronics industry, especially with respect to flip–chip or direct chip, attach technology. Here the region of interest is under bump metallization (UBM), and solder bump (Sn) interface due to the formation of brittle intermetallic phases there. Understanding the growth of these phases at UBM/Sn interface is important, as in many cases it controls the electro–mechanical properties of the product. Cu and Ni are the commonly used UBM materials. Cu is used for good bonding because of fast reaction with solder and Ni often acts as a diffusion barrier layer due to its inherently slower reaction kinetics with Sn–based solders. Investigation on the growth kinetics of phases in Ni–Sn system is reported in this study. Just for simplicity, Sn being major solder constituent is chosen. Ni–Sn electroplated diffusion couples are prepared by electroplating pure Sn on Ni substrate. Bulk diffusion couples prepared by the conventional method are also studied along with Ni–Sn electroplated diffusion couples. Diffusion couples are annealed for 25–1000 h at 50–215°C to study the phase evolutions and growth kinetics of various phases. The interdiffusion zone was analysed using field emission gun equipped scanning electron microscope (FE–SEM) for imaging. Indexing of selected area diffraction (SAD) patterns obtained from transmission electron microscope (TEM) and composition measurements done in electron probe micro−analyser (FE–EPMA) confirms the presence of various product phases grown across the interdiffusion zone. Time-dependent experiments indicate diffusion controlled growth of the product phase. The estimated activation energy in the temperature range 125–215°C for parabolic growth constants (and hence integrated interdiffusion coefficients) of the Ni₃Sn₄ phase shed light on the growth mechanism of the phase; whether its grain boundary controlled or lattice controlled diffusion. The location of the Kirkendall marker plane indicates that the Ni₃Sn₄ phase grows mainly by diffusion of Sn in the binary Ni–Sn system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title="diffusion">diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20phase" title=" equilibrium phase"> equilibrium phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastable%20phase" title=" metastable phase"> metastable phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Ni-Sn%20system" title=" the Ni-Sn system"> the Ni-Sn system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65844/investigation-of-the-growth-kinetics-of-phases-in-ni-sn-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20386</span> A Study on Kinetic of Nitrous Oxide Catalytic Decomposition over CuO/HZSM-5</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20J.%20Song">Y. J. Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20S.%20Xu"> Q. S. Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X.%20C.%20Wang"> X. C. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Wang"> H. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Q.%20Li"> C. Q. Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The catalyst of copper oxide loaded on HZSM-5 was developed for nitrous oxide (N₂O) direct decomposition. The kinetic of nitrous oxide decomposition was studied for CuO/HZSM-5 catalyst prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. The external and internal diffusion of catalytic reaction were considered in the investigation. Experiment results indicated that the external diffusion was basically eliminated when the reaction gas mixture gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) was higher than 9000h⁻¹ and the influence of the internal diffusion was negligible when the particle size of the catalyst CuO/HZSM-5 was small than 40-60 mesh. The experiment results showed that the kinetic of catalytic decomposition of N₂O was a first-order reaction and the activation energy and the pre-factor of the kinetic equation were 115.15kJ/mol and of 1.6×109, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic%20decomposition" title="catalytic decomposition">catalytic decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CuO%2FHZSM-5" title=" CuO/HZSM-5"> CuO/HZSM-5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetic" title=" kinetic"> kinetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrous%20oxide" title=" nitrous oxide"> nitrous oxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130896/a-study-on-kinetic-of-nitrous-oxide-catalytic-decomposition-over-cuohzsm-5" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20385</span> Formation of Chemical Compound Layer at the Interface of Initial Substances A and B with Dominance of Diffusion of the A Atoms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavlo%20Selyshchev">Pavlo Selyshchev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Akintunde"> Samuel Akintunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A theoretical approach to consider formation of chemical compound layer at the interface between initial substances A and B due to the interfacial interaction and diffusion is developed. It is considered situation when speed of interfacial interaction is large enough and diffusion of A-atoms through AB-layer is much more then diffusion of B-atoms. Atoms from A-layer diffuse toward B-atoms and form AB-atoms on the surface of B-layer. B-atoms are assumed to be immobile. The growth kinetics of the AB-layer is described by two differential equations with non-linear coupling, producing a good fit to the experimental data. It is shown that growth of the thickness of the AB-layer determines by dependence of chemical reaction rate on reactants concentration. In special case the thickness of the AB-layer can grow linearly or parabolically depending on that which of processes (interaction or the diffusion) controls the growth. The thickness of AB-layer as function of time is obtained. The moment of time (transition point) at which the linear growth are changed by parabolic is found. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20formation" title="phase formation">phase formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20systems" title=" binary systems"> binary systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20reaction" title=" interfacial reaction"> interfacial reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20layers" title=" compound layers"> compound layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth%20kinetics" title=" growth kinetics"> growth kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10901/formation-of-chemical-compound-layer-at-the-interface-of-initial-substances-a-and-b-with-dominance-of-diffusion-of-the-a-atoms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20384</span> Operational Matrix Method for Fuzzy Fractional Reaction Diffusion Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sachin%20Kumar">Sachin Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy fractional diffusion equation is widely useful to depict different physical processes arising in physics, biology, and hydrology. The motive of this article is to deal with the fuzzy fractional diffusion equation. We study a mathematical model of fuzzy space-time fractional diffusion equation in which unknown function, coefficients, and initial-boundary conditions are fuzzy numbers. First, we find out a fuzzy operational matrix of Legendre polynomial of Caputo type fuzzy fractional derivative having a non-singular Mittag-Leffler kernel. The main advantages of this method are that it reduces the fuzzy fractional partial differential equation (FFPDE) to a system of fuzzy algebraic equations from which we can find the solution of the problem. The feasibility of our approach is shown by some numerical examples. Hence, our method is suitable to deal with FFPDE and has good accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20PDE" title="fractional PDE">fractional PDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20valued%20function" title=" fuzzy valued function"> fuzzy valued function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20equation" title=" diffusion equation"> diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Legendre%20polynomial" title=" Legendre polynomial"> Legendre polynomial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20method" title=" spectral method"> spectral method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125273/operational-matrix-method-for-fuzzy-fractional-reaction-diffusion-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20383</span> Existence and Stability of Periodic Traveling Waves in a Bistable Excitable System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Osman%20Gani">M. Osman Gani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ferdows"> M. Ferdows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toshiyuki%20Ogawa"> Toshiyuki Ogawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we proposed a modified FHN-type reaction-diffusion system for a bistable excitable system by adding a scaled function obtained from a given function. We study the existence and the stability of the periodic traveling waves (or wavetrains) for the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) system and the modified one and compare the results. The stability results of the periodic traveling waves (PTWs) indicate that most of the solutions in the fast family of the PTWs are stable for the FitzHugh-Nagumo equations. The instability occurs only in the waves having smaller periods. However, the smaller period waves are always unstable. The fast family with sufficiently large periods is always stable in FHN model. We find that the oscillation of pulse widths is absent in the standard FHN model. That motivates us to study the PTWs in the proposed FHN-type reaction-diffusion system for the bistable excitable media. A good agreement is found between the solutions of the traveling wave ODEs and the corresponding whole PDE simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bistable%20system" title="bistable system">bistable system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eckhaus%20bifurcation" title=" Eckhaus bifurcation"> Eckhaus bifurcation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excitable%20media" title=" excitable media"> excitable media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FitzHugh-Nagumo%20model" title=" FitzHugh-Nagumo model"> FitzHugh-Nagumo model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periodic%20traveling%20waves" title=" periodic traveling waves"> periodic traveling waves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85926/existence-and-stability-of-periodic-traveling-waves-in-a-bistable-excitable-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20382</span> Mathematical Modelling of Spatial Distribution of Covid-19 Outbreak Using Diffusion Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kayode%20Oshinubi">Kayode Oshinubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brice%20Kammegne"> Brice Kammegne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacques%20Demongeot"> Jacques Demongeot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of mathematical tools like Partial Differential Equations and Ordinary Differential Equations have become very important to predict the evolution of a viral disease in a population in order to take preventive and curative measures. In December 2019, a novel variety of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China causing a severe and potentially fatal respiratory syndrome, i.e., COVID-19. Since then, it has become a pandemic declared by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020 which has spread around the globe. A reaction-diffusion system is a mathematical model that describes the evolution of a phenomenon subjected to two processes: a reaction process in which different substances are transformed, and a diffusion process that causes a distribution in space. This article provides a mathematical study of the Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, Recovered, and Vaccinated population model of the COVID-19 pandemic by the bias of reaction-diffusion equations. Both local and global asymptotic stability conditions for disease-free and endemic equilibria are determined using the Lyapunov function are considered and the endemic equilibrium point exists and is stable if it satisfies Routh–Hurwitz criteria. Also, adequate conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the model have been proved. We showed the spatial distribution of the model compartments when the basic reproduction rate $\mathcal{R}_0 < 1$ and $\mathcal{R}_0 > 1$ and sensitivity analysis is performed in order to determine the most sensitive parameters in the proposed model. We demonstrate the model's effectiveness by performing numerical simulations. We investigate the impact of vaccination and the significance of spatial distribution parameters in the spread of COVID-19. The findings indicate that reducing contact with an infected person and increasing the proportion of susceptible people who receive high-efficacy vaccination will lessen the burden of COVID-19 in the population. To the public health policymakers, we offered a better understanding of the COVID-19 management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEIRV%20epidemic%20model" title=" SEIRV epidemic model"> SEIRV epidemic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20equation" title=" reaction-diffusion equation"> reaction-diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20reproduction%20number" title=" basic reproduction number"> basic reproduction number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccination" title=" vaccination"> vaccination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20distribution" title=" spatial distribution"> spatial distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157219/mathematical-modelling-of-spatial-distribution-of-covid-19-outbreak-using-diffusion-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20381</span> Nitrogen Effects on Ignition Delay Time in Supersonic Premixed and Diffusion Flames </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Tahsini">A. M. Tahsini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computational study of two dimensional supersonic reacting hydrogen-air flows is performed to investigate the nitrogen effects on ignition delay time for premixed and diffusion flames. Chemical reaction is treated using detail kinetics and the advection upstream splitting method is used to calculate the numerical inviscid fluxes. The results show that only in the stoichiometric condition for both premixed and diffusion flames, there is monotone dependency of the ignition delay time to the nitrogen addition. In other situations, the optimal condition from ignition viewpoint should be found using numerical investigations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20flame" title="diffusion flame">diffusion flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignition%20delay%20time" title=" ignition delay time"> ignition delay time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing%20layer" title=" mixing layer"> mixing layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premixed%20flame" title=" premixed flame"> premixed flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20flow" title=" supersonic flow"> supersonic flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1461/nitrogen-effects-on-ignition-delay-time-in-supersonic-premixed-and-diffusion-flames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20380</span> Numerical Evolution Methods of Rational Form for Diffusion Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Algarni">Said Algarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to investigate selected numerical methods that demonstrate good performance in solving PDEs. We adapted alternative method that involve rational polynomials. Padé time stepping (PTS) method, which is highly stable for the purposes of the present application and is associated with lower computational costs, was applied. Furthermore, PTS was modified for our study which focused on diffusion equations. Numerical runs were conducted to obtain the optimal local error control threshold. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pad%C3%A9%20time%20stepping" title="Padé time stepping">Padé time stepping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference" title=" finite difference"> finite difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction%20diffusion%20equation" title=" reaction diffusion equation"> reaction diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PDEs" title=" PDEs"> PDEs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7176/numerical-evolution-methods-of-rational-form-for-diffusion-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7176.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20379</span> Liesegang Phenomena: Experimental and Simulation Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vemula%20Amalakrishna">Vemula Amalakrishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pushpavanam"> S. Pushpavanam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Change and motion characterize and persistently reshape the world around us, on scales from molecular to global. The subtle interplay between change (Reaction) and motion (Diffusion) gives rise to an astonishing intricate spatial or temporal pattern. These pattern formation in nature has been intellectually appealing for many scientists since antiquity. Periodic precipitation patterns, also known as Liesegang patterns (LP), are one of the stimulating examples of such self-assembling reaction-diffusion (RD) systems. LP formation has a great potential in micro and nanotechnology. So far, the research on LPs has been concentrated mostly on how these patterns are forming, retrieving information to build a universal mathematical model for them. Researchers have developed various theoretical models to comprehensively construct the geometrical diversity of LPs. To the best of our knowledge, simulation studies of LPs assume an arbitrary value of RD parameters to explain experimental observation qualitatively. In this work, existing models were studied to understand the mechanism behind this phenomenon and challenges pertaining to models were understood and explained. These models are not computationally effective due to the presence of discontinuous precipitation rate in RD equations. To overcome the computational challenges, smoothened Heaviside functions have been introduced, which downsizes the computational time as well. Experiments were performed using a conventional LP system (AgNO₃-K₂Cr₂O₇) to understand the effects of different gels and temperatures on formed LPs. The model is extended for real parameter values to compare the simulated results with experimental data for both 1-D (Cartesian test tubes) and 2-D(cylindrical and Petri dish). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion" title="reaction-diffusion">reaction-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatio-temporal%20patterns" title=" spatio-temporal patterns"> spatio-temporal patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nucleation%20and%20growth" title=" nucleation and growth"> nucleation and growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersaturation" title=" supersaturation"> supersaturation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141289/liesegang-phenomena-experimental-and-simulation-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20378</span> Implication of Fractal Kinetics and Diffusion Limited Reaction on Biomass Hydrolysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sibashish%20Baksi">Sibashish Baksi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ujjaini%20Sarkar"> Ujjaini Sarkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudeshna%20Saha"> Sudeshna Saha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, hydrolysis of Pinus roxburghi wood powder was carried out with Viscozyme, and kinetics of the hydrolysis has been investigated. Finely ground sawdust is submerged into 2% aqueous peroxide solution (pH=11.5) and pretreated through autoclaving, probe sonication, and alkaline peroxide pretreatment. Afterward, the pretreated material is subjected to hydrolysis. A chain of experiments was executed with delignified biomass (50 g/l) and varying enzyme concentrations (24.2–60.5 g/l). In the present study, 14.32 g/l of glucose, along with 7.35 g/l of xylose, have been recovered with a viscozyme concentration of 48.8 g/l and the same condition was treated as optimum condition. Additionally, thermal deactivation of viscozyme has been investigated and found to be gradually decreasing with escalated enzyme loading from 48.4 g/l (dissociation constant= 0.05 h⁻¹) to 60.5 g/l (dissociation constant= 0.02 h⁻¹). The hydrolysis reaction is a pseudo first-order reaction, and therefore, the rate of the hydrolysis can be expressed as a fractal-like kinetic equation that communicates between the product concentration and hydrolytic time t. It is seen that the value of rate constant (K) increases from 0.008 to 0.017 with augmented enzyme concentration from 24.2 g/l to 60.5 g/l. Greater value of K is associated with stronger enzyme binding capacity of the substrate mass. However, escalated concentration of supplied enzyme ensures improved interaction with more substrate molecules resulting in an enhanced de-polymerization of the polymeric sugar chains per unit time which eventually modifies the physiochemical structure of biomass. All fractal dimensions are in between 0 and 1. Lower the value of fractal dimension, more easily the biomass get hydrolyzed. It can be seen that with increased enzyme concentration from 24.2 g/l to 48.4 g/l, the values of fractal dimension go down from 0.1 to 0.044. This indicates that the presence of more enzyme molecules can more easily hydrolyze the substrate. However, an increased value has been observed with a further increment of enzyme concentration to 60.5g/l because of diffusional limitation. It is evident that the hydrolysis reaction system is a heterogeneous organization, and the product formation rate depends strongly on the enzyme diffusion resistances caused by the rate-limiting structures of the substrate-enzyme complex. Value of the rate constant increases from 1.061 to 2.610 with escalated enzyme concentration from 24.2 to 48.4 g/l. As the rate constant is proportional to Fick’s diffusion coefficient, it can be assumed that with a higher concentration of enzyme, a larger amount of enzyme mass dM diffuses into the substrate through the surface dF per unit time dt. Therefore, a higher rate constant value is associated with a faster diffusion of enzyme into the substrate. Regression analysis of time curves with various enzyme concentrations shows that diffusion resistant constant increases from 0.3 to 0.51 for the first two enzyme concentrations and again decreases with enzyme concentration of 60.5 g/l. During diffusion in a differential scale, the enzyme also experiences a greater resistance during diffusion of larger dM through dF in dt. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscozyme" title="viscozyme">viscozyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractal%20kinetics" title=" fractal kinetics"> fractal kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20deactivation" title=" thermal deactivation"> thermal deactivation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116453/implication-of-fractal-kinetics-and-diffusion-limited-reaction-on-biomass-hydrolysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20377</span> 3-D Modeling of Particle Size Reduction from Micro to Nano Scale Using Finite Difference Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himanshu%20Singh">Himanshu Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishi%20Kant"> Rishi Kant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shantanu%20Bhattacharya"> Shantanu Bhattacharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper adopts a top-down approach for mathematical modeling to predict the size reduction from micro to nano-scale through persistent etching. The process is simulated using a finite difference approach. Previously, various researchers have simulated the etching process for 1-D and 2-D substrates. It consists of two processes: 1) Convection-Diffusion in the etchant domain; 2) Chemical reaction at the surface of the particle. Since the process requires analysis along moving boundary, partial differential equations involved cannot be solved using conventional methods. In 1-D, this problem is very similar to Stefan's problem of moving ice-water boundary. A fixed grid method using finite volume method is very popular for modelling of etching on a one and two dimensional substrate. Other popular approaches include moving grid method and level set method. In this method, finite difference method was used to discretize the spherical diffusion equation. Due to symmetrical distribution of etchant, the angular terms in the equation can be neglected. Concentration is assumed to be constant at the outer boundary. At the particle boundary, the concentration of the etchant is assumed to be zero since the rate of reaction is much faster than rate of diffusion. The rate of reaction is proportional to the velocity of the moving boundary of the particle. Modelling of the above reaction was carried out using Matlab. The initial particle size was taken to be 50 microns. The density, molecular weight and diffusion coefficient of the substrate were taken as 2.1 gm/cm3, 60 and 10-5 cm2/s respectively. The etch-rate was found to decline initially and it gradually became constant at 0.02µ/s (1.2µ/min). The concentration profile was plotted along with space at different time intervals. Initially, a sudden drop is observed at the particle boundary due to high-etch rate. This change becomes more gradual with time due to declination of etch rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20size%20reduction" title="particle size reduction">particle size reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micromixer" title=" micromixer"> micromixer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FDM%20modelling" title=" FDM modelling"> FDM modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wet%20etching" title=" wet etching"> wet etching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33039/3-d-modeling-of-particle-size-reduction-from-micro-to-nano-scale-using-finite-difference-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20376</span> Diffusive Transport of VOCs Through Composite Liners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Jery">Christina Jery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Anjana"> R. K. Anjana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20N.%20Arnepalli"> D. N. Arnepalli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sobha"> R. Sobha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern landfills employ a composite liner consisting of a geomembrane overlying a compacted clay liner (CCL) or a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) as a barrier system. The primary function of a barrier system is to control the contaminant transport from the leachate (dissolved phase) and landfill gas (vapour phase) out of the landfill thereby minimizing the environmental impact. This study is undertaken to investigate the diffusive migration of VOCs through composite liners. VOCs are known hazardous air pollutants were often existing in both the vapour phase and dissolved phase. These compounds are known to diffuse readily through the polymeric geomembranes. The objective of the research is to develop a comprehensive data set of diffusive parameters involved in the diffusion of VOCs in the composite liner (1.5 mm HDPE geomembrane overlying a 30mm compacted clay layer). For this purpose, the study aims to develop a new experimental setup for determining the diffusion characteristics. The key parameters of diffusion (partitioning, diffusion and permeation coefficients) are examined. The diffusion tests are carried out both in aqueous and vapor phase. Finally, an attempt is also made to study the effect of low temperature on the diffusion characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title="diffusion">diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorption" title=" sorption"> sorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20compounds" title=" organic compounds"> organic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20liners" title=" composite liners"> composite liners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geomembrane" title=" geomembrane"> geomembrane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60874/diffusive-transport-of-vocs-through-composite-liners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20375</span> A New Approach for Solving Fractional Coupled Pdes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20Pandey">Prashant Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present article, an eﬀective Laguerre collocation method is used to obtain the approximate solution of a system of coupled fractional-order non-linear reaction-advection-diﬀusion equation with prescribed initial and boundary conditions. In the proposed scheme, Laguerre polynomials are used together with an operational matrix and collocation method to obtain approximate solutions of the coupled system, so that our proposed model is converted into a system of algebraic equations which can be solved employing the Newton method. The solution proﬁles of the coupled system are presented graphically for diﬀerent particular cases. The salient feature of the present article is ﬁnding the stability analysis of the proposed method and also the demonstration of the lower variation of solute concentrations with respect to the column length in the fractional-order system compared to the integer-order system. To show the higher eﬃciency, reliability, and accuracy of the proposed scheme, a comparison between the numerical results of Burger’s coupled system and its existing analytical result is reported. There are high compatibility and consistency between the approximate solution and its exact solution to a higher order of accuracy. The exhibition of error analysis for each case through tables and graphs conﬁrms the super-linearly convergence rate of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20coupled%20PDE" title="fractional coupled PDE">fractional coupled PDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability%20and%20convergence%20analysis" title=" stability and convergence analysis"> stability and convergence analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20equation" title=" diffusion equation"> diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laguerre%20polynomials" title=" Laguerre polynomials"> Laguerre polynomials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20method" title=" spectral method"> spectral method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125320/a-new-approach-for-solving-fractional-coupled-pdes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20374</span> Copper Selenide Nanobelts: An Electrocatalyst for Methanol Electro-Oxidation Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabi%20Ullah">Nabi Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The energy crisis of the current society has attracted research attention for alternative energy sources. Methanol oxidation is the source of energy but needs efficient electrocatalysts like Pt. However, their practical ability is hindered due to cost and poisoning effects. In this regard, an efficient catalyst is required for methanol oxidation. Herein, high temperature, pressure, and diethylenetryamine (DETA) as reaction medium/structure directing agent during the solvothermal method are used for nanobelt Cu₃Se₂/Cu₁.₈Se (mostly hexagonal appearance) formation. The electrocatalyst shows optimized methanol electrooxidation reaction (MOR) response in 1 M KOH and 0.5 M methanol at a scan rate of 50 mV/s and delivers a current density of 7.12 mA/mg at a potential of 0.65 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The catalyst exhibits high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) (0.088 mF/cm²) and low Rct with good stability for 3600 s, which favors its high MOR performance. This high response is due to its 2D hexagonal nanobelt morphology, which provides a large surface area for reaction. The space among nanobelts reduces diffusion kinetics, and the rough/irregular edge increases the reaction site to improve the methanol oxidation reaction overall. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20application" title="energy application">energy application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalysis" title=" electrocatalysis"> electrocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOR" title=" MOR"> MOR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanobelt" title=" nanobelt"> nanobelt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178090/copper-selenide-nanobelts-an-electrocatalyst-for-methanol-electro-oxidation-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20373</span> Experimental Performance of Vertical Diffusion Stills Utilizing Folded Sheets for Water Desalination </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mortada">M. Mortada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Seleem"> A. Seleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El-Morsi"> M. El-Morsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Younan"> M. Younan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study introduces the folding technology to be utilized for the first time in vertical diffusion stills. This work represents a model of the distillation process by utilizing chevron pattern of folded structure. An experimental setup has been constructed, to investigate the performance of the folded sheets in the vertical effect diffusion still for a specific range of operating conditions. An experimental comparison between the folded type and the flat type sheets has been carried out. The folded pattern showed a higher performance and there is an increase in the condensate to feed ratio that ranges from 20-30 % through the operating hot plate temperature that ranges through 60-90°C. In addition, a parametric analysis of the system using Design of Experiments statistical technique, has been developed using the experimental results to determine the effect of operating conditions on the system's performance and the best operating conditions of the system has been evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chevron%20pattern" title="chevron pattern">chevron pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fold%20structure" title=" fold structure"> fold structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20distillation" title=" solar distillation"> solar distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20diffusion%20still" title=" vertical diffusion still"> vertical diffusion still</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22638/experimental-performance-of-vertical-diffusion-stills-utilizing-folded-sheets-for-water-desalination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20372</span> Investigation of Mesoporous Silicon Carbonization Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20I.%20Kargin">N. I. Kargin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K.%20Safaraliev"> G. K. Safaraliev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20S.%20Gusev"> A. S. Gusev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O.%20Sultanov"> A. O. Sultanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20Siglovaya"> N. V. Siglovaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Ryndya"> S. M. Ryndya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Timofeev"> A. A. Timofeev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an experimental and theoretical study of the processes of mesoporous silicon carbonization during the formation of buffer layers for the subsequent epitaxy of 3C-SiC films and related wide-band-gap semiconductors is performed. Experimental samples were obtained by the method of chemical vapor deposition and investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Analytic expressions were obtained for the effective diffusion factor and carbon atoms diffusion length in a porous system. The proposed model takes into account the processes of Knudsen diffusion, coagulation and overgrowing of pores during the formation of a silicon carbide layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20carbide" title="silicon carbide">silicon carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20silicon" title=" porous silicon"> porous silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonization" title=" carbonization"> carbonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20etching" title=" electrochemical etching"> electrochemical etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78976/investigation-of-mesoporous-silicon-carbonization-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20371</span> Understanding the Dynamics of Linker Histone Using Mathematical Modeling and FRAP Experiments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Carrero">G. Carrero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Contreras"> C. Contreras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Hendzel"> M. J. Hendzel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Linker histones or histones H1 are highly mobile nuclear proteins that regulate the organization of chromatin and limit DNA accessibility by binding to the chromatin structure (DNA and associated proteins). It is known that this binding process is driven by both slow (strong binding) and rapid (weak binding) interactions. However, the exact binding mechanism has not been fully described. Moreover, the existing models only account for one type of bound population that does not distinguish explicitly between the weakly and strongly bound proteins. Thus, we propose different systems of reaction-diffusion equations to describe explicitly the rapid and slow interactions during a FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching) experiment. We perform a model comparison analysis to characterize the binding mechanism of histone H1 and provide new meaningful biophysical information on the kinetics of histone H1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRAP%20%28Fluorescence%20Recovery%20After%20Photobleaching%29" title="FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching)">FRAP (Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histone%20H1" title=" histone H1"> histone H1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histone%20H1%20binding%20kinetics" title=" histone H1 binding kinetics"> histone H1 binding kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linker%20histone" title=" linker histone"> linker histone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20equation" title=" reaction-diffusion equation"> reaction-diffusion equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17280/understanding-the-dynamics-of-linker-histone-using-mathematical-modeling-and-frap-experiments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20370</span> Analysis of the Diffusion Behavior of an Information and Communication Technology Platform for City Logistics </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giulio%20Mangano">Giulio Mangano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20De%20Marco"> Alberto De Marco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giovanni%20Zenezini"> Giovanni Zenezini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of City Logistics (CL) has emerged to improve the impacts of last mile freight distribution in urban areas. In this paper, a System Dynamics (SD) model exploring the dynamics of the diffusion of a ICT platform for CL management across different populations is proposed. For the development of the model two sources have been used. On the one hand, the major diffusion variables and feedback loops are derived from a literature review of existing diffusion models. On the other hand, the parameters are represented by the value propositions delivered by the platform as a response to some of the users’ needs. To extract the most important value propositions the Business Model Canvas approach has been used. Such approach in fact focuses on understanding how a company can create value for her target customers. These variables and parameters are thus translated into a SD diffusion model with three different populations namely municipalities, logistics service providers, and own account carriers. Results show that, the three populations under analysis fully adopt the platform within the simulation time frame, highlighting a strong demand by different stakeholders for CL projects aiming at carrying out more efficient urban logistics operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city%20logistics" title="city logistics">city logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamics" title=" system dynamics"> system dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20model" title=" business model"> business model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75009/analysis-of-the-diffusion-behavior-of-an-information-and-communication-technology-platform-for-city-logistics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20369</span> A Study on Temperature and Drawing Speed for Diffusion Bonding Enhancement in Drawing of Hot Lined Pipes by FEM Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Ahn">M. T. Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20H.%20Park"> J. H. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Park"> S. H. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Ha"> S. H. Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diffusion bonding has been continuously studied. Temperature and pressure are the most important factors to increase the strength between diffusion bonded interfaces. Diffusion bonding is an important factor affecting the bonding strength of the lined pipe. The increase of the diffusion bonding force results in a high formability clad pipe. However, in the case of drawing, it is difficult to obtain a high pressure between materials due to a relatively small reduction in cross-section, and it is difficult to prevent elongation or to tear of material in hot drawing even if the reduction in the section is increased. In this paper, to increase the diffusion bonding force, we derive optimal temperature and pressure to suppress material stretching and realize precise thickness precision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20bonding" title="diffusion bonding">diffusion bonding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure" title=" pressure"> pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drawing%20speed" title=" drawing speed"> drawing speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71481/a-study-on-temperature-and-drawing-speed-for-diffusion-bonding-enhancement-in-drawing-of-hot-lined-pipes-by-fem-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20368</span> Analysis of Vapor-Phase Diffusion of Benzene from Contaminated Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20A.%20Parlin">Asma A. Parlin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Nakamura"> K. Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Watanabe"> N. Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Komai"> T. Komai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the effective diffusion of benzene vapor in the soil-atmosphere interface is important as an intrusion of benzene into the atmosphere from the soil is largely driven by diffusion. To analyze the vertical one dimensional effective diffusion of benzene vapor in porous medium with high water content, diffusion experiments were conducted in soil columns using Andosol soil and Toyoura silica sand with different water content; for soil water content was from 0 to 30 wt.% and for sand it was from 0.06 to 10 wt.%. In soil, a linear relation was found between water content and effective diffusion coefficient while the effective diffusion coefficient didn’t change in the sand with increasing water. A numerical transport model following unsteady-state approaches based on Fick’s second law was used to match the required time for a steady state of the gas phase concentration profile of benzene to the experimentally measured concentration profile gas phase in the column. The result highlighted that both the water content and porosity might increase vertical diffusion of benzene vapor in soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzene%20vapor-phase" title="benzene vapor-phase">benzene vapor-phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20diffusion" title=" effective diffusion"> effective diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsurface%20soil%20medium" title=" subsurface soil medium"> subsurface soil medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady%20state" title=" unsteady state"> unsteady state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111757/analysis-of-vapor-phase-diffusion-of-benzene-from-contaminated-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20367</span> The Diffusion of Telehealth: System-Level Conditions for Successful Adoption </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danika%20Tynes">Danika Tynes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Telehealth is a promising advancement in health care, though there are certain conditions under which telehealth has a greater chance of success. This research sought to further the understanding of what conditions compel the success of telehealth adoption at the systems level applying Diffusion of Innovations (DoI) theory (Rogers, 1962). System-level indicators were selected to represent four components of DoI theory (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, and observability) and regressed on 5 types of telehealth (teleradiology, teledermatology, telepathology, telepsychology, and remote monitoring) using multiple logistic regression. The analyses supported relative advantage and compatibility as the strongest influencers of telehealth adoption, remote monitoring in particular. These findings help to quantitatively clarify the factors influencing the adoption of innovation and advance the ability to make recommendations on the viability of state telehealth adoption. In addition, results indicate when DoI theory is most applicable to the understanding of telehealth diffusion. Ultimately, this research may contribute to more focused allocation of scarce health care resources through consideration of existing state conditions available foster innovation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title="adoption">adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion%20of%20innovation%20theory" title=" diffusion of innovation theory"> diffusion of innovation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20monitoring" title=" remote monitoring"> remote monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system-level%20indicators" title=" system-level indicators"> system-level indicators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104160/the-diffusion-of-telehealth-system-level-conditions-for-successful-adoption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20366</span> Parametric Study of Vertical Diffusion Stills for Water Desalination </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Seleem">A. Seleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mortada"> M. Mortada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El-Morsi"> M. El-Morsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Younan"> M. Younan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diffusion stills have been effective in water desalination. The present work represents a model of the distillation process by using vertical single-effect diffusion stills. A semi-analytical model has been developed to model the process. A software computer code using Engineering Equation Solver EES software has been developed to solve the equations of the developed model. An experimental setup has been constructed, and used for the validation of the model. The model is also validated against former literature results. The results obtained from the present experimental test rig, and the data from the literature, have been compared with the results of the code to find its best range of validity. In addition, a parametric analysis of the system has been developed using the model to determine the effect of operating conditions on the system's performance. The dominant parameters that affect the productivity of the still are the hot plate temperature that ranges from (55-90 °C) and feed flow rate in range of (0.00694-0.0211 kg/m2-s). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20model" title="analytical model">analytical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20distillation" title=" solar distillation"> solar distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20water%20systems" title=" sustainable water systems"> sustainable water systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20diffusion%20still" title=" vertical diffusion still"> vertical diffusion still</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22663/parametric-study-of-vertical-diffusion-stills-for-water-desalination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20365</span> Mathematical and Numerical Analysis of a Nonlinear Cross Diffusion System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Al%20Salman">Hassan Al Salman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We consider a nonlinear parabolic cross diffusion model arising in applied mathematics. A fully practical piecewise linear finite element approximation of the model is studied. By using entropy-type inequalities and compactness arguments, existence of a global weak solution is proved. Providing further regularity of the solution of the model, some uniqueness results and error estimates are established. Finally, some numerical experiments are performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20diffusion%20model" title="cross diffusion model">cross diffusion model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy-type%20inequality" title=" entropy-type inequality"> entropy-type inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20approximation" title=" finite element approximation"> finite element approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10401/mathematical-and-numerical-analysis-of-a-nonlinear-cross-diffusion-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20364</span> Controlling the Fluid Flow in Hydrogen Fuel Cells through Material Porosity Designs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Hussain%20Al-Smail">Jamal Hussain Al-Smail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen fuel cells (HFCs) are environmentally friendly, energy converter devices that convert the chemical energy of the reactants (oxygen and hydrogen) to electricity through electrochemical reactions. The level of the electricity production of HFCs mainly increases depending on the oxygen distribution in the HFC’s cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL). With a constant porosity of the GDL, the electrochemical reaction can have a great variation that reduces the cell’s productivity and stability. Our findings bring a methodology in finding porosity designs of the diffusion layer to improve the oxygen distribution such that it results in a stable oxygen-hydrogen reaction. We first introduce a mathematical model involving the mass and momentum transport equations, in which a porosity function of the GDL is incorporated as a control for the fluid flow. We then derive numerical methods for solving the mathematical model. In conclusion, we present our numerical results to show how to design the GDL porosity to result in a uniform oxygen distribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20cells" title="fuel cells">fuel cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20porosity%20design" title=" material porosity design"> material porosity design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title=" mathematical modeling"> mathematical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20media" title=" porous media"> porous media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106004/controlling-the-fluid-flow-in-hydrogen-fuel-cells-through-material-porosity-designs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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