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searchaux" style="display:none">Sacred woman of supernatural origin, central to the Lakota religion</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>White Buffalo Calf Woman</b> (<i><a href="/wiki/Lakota_language" title="Lakota language">Lakȟótiyapi</a></i>: <i>Ptesáŋwiŋ</i>) or <b>White Buffalo Maiden</b> is a sacred woman of supernatural origin, central to the <a href="/wiki/Lakota_religion" title="Lakota religion">Lakota religion</a> as the primary cultural <a href="/wiki/Prophet" title="Prophet">prophet</a>. Oral traditions relate that she brought the "Seven Sacred Rites" to the <a href="/wiki/Lakota_people" title="Lakota people">Lakota people</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Story">Story</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Story"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The traditional story is that, 19 generations ago, there was a time of famine. The chief of the <a href="/wiki/Lakota_people" title="Lakota people">Lakota</a> sent out two scouts to hunt for food. While the young men travelled they saw a white cloud in the distance. Then, from the cloud, they saw a woman. As they approached, they saw that it was a beautiful young Native woman in white <a href="/wiki/Buckskin_(leather)" title="Buckskin (leather)">buckskin</a>. She had dark hair, dark skin and <a href="/wiki/Human_eye_color" class="mw-redirect" title="Human eye color">dark eyes</a>. One of the men was filled with lust for the woman. He approached her, telling his companion he would attempt to claim her as a wife. His companion warned him that she appeared to be a sacred woman, and to do anything sacrilegious would be dangerous and disrespectful, but his advice was ignored. </p><p>The second man watched as the first approached and embraced the woman, during which time the cloud enveloped the pair. When the cloud disappeared, only the mysterious woman and a pile of the first man's bones remained. The remaining man was frightened, and began to draw his bow. But the holy woman beckoned him forward, telling him that no harm would come to him, as she could see into his heart and he did not have the motives the first man had. As the woman spoke Lakota, the young man decided she was one of his people, and came forward. </p><p>At this time, the woman explained that she was <i>wakȟáŋ</i> (holy, having spiritual and supernatural powers). She further explained that if he did as she instructed, his people would rise again. The scout promised to do what she instructed, and was told to return to his encampment, call the Council, and prepare a feast for her arrival. She taught the Lakota seven sacred <a href="/wiki/Ceremony" title="Ceremony">ceremonies</a> to protect the Mother Earth and gave them the <a href="/wiki/Chanunpa" title="Chanunpa">čhaŋnúŋpa</a>, the sacred <a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_pipe" title="Ceremonial pipe">ceremonial pipe</a>. </p><p>The seven ceremonies are: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Inipi" title="Inipi">Inípi</a> (purification lodge)</li> <li>Haŋbléčheyapi (<a href="/wiki/Vision_quest" title="Vision quest">crying for vision</a>)</li> <li>Wiwáŋyaŋg Wačhípi (<a href="/wiki/Sun_Dance" title="Sun Dance">Sun Dance</a>)</li> <li>Huŋkalowaŋpi (making of relatives)</li> <li>Išnáthi Awíčhalowaŋpi (female puberty ceremony)</li> <li>Tȟápa Waŋkáyeyapi (throwing of the ball)</li> <li>Wanáǧi Yuhápi (soul keeping)<sup id="cite_ref-Black_Elk_1953_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Black_Elk_1953-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p>Each part of the čhaŋnúŋpa (stem, bowl, tobacco, breath, and smoke) is symbolic of the relationships of the natural world, the elements, humans and the spiritual beings that maintain the cycle of the universe.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Pluralism_Project_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Pluralism_Project-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Buffalo_Cow_Society" title="White Buffalo Cow Society">White Buffalo Cow Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignity_(statue)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dignity (statue)"><i>Dignity</i> (statue)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Black_Elk_1953-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Black_Elk_1953_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBlack_Elk1953" class="citation book cs1">Black Elk, Wallace (1953). <i>The sacred pipe : Black Elk's account of the seven rites of the Oglala Sioux</i>. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-2124-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8061-2124-6"><bdi>978-0-8061-2124-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/772729">772729</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+sacred+pipe+%3A+Black+Elk%27s+account+of+the+seven+rites+of+the+Oglala+Sioux&rft.place=Norman&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=1953&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F772729&rft.isbn=978-0-8061-2124-6&rft.aulast=Black+Elk&rft.aufirst=Wallace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+Buffalo+Calf+Woman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Pluralism_Project-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Pluralism_Project_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pluralism.org/sacred-pipe-of-the-lakota-sioux">"Sacred Pipe of the Lakota Sioux"</a>. <i>The Pluralism Project</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Pluralism+Project&rft.atitle=Sacred+Pipe+of+the+Lakota+Sioux&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpluralism.org%2Fsacred-pipe-of-the-lakota-sioux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhite+Buffalo+Calf+Woman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Walker, James R. <i>Lakota Belief and Ritual</i> (University of Nebraska Press, 1980; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-2551-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-2551-2">0-8032-2551-2</a>; Bison Books, 1991 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-9731-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-9731-9">0-8032-9731-9</a>)</li> <li>Powers, William K. <i>Oglala Religion</i> (University of Nebraska Press, 1975,1977; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-8706-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-8706-2">0-8032-8706-2</a>)</li> <li>Pickering, Robert B. <i>Seeing the White Buffalo</i>. (Denver Museum of Natural History & Johnson Books), 1997; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55566-181-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-55566-181-5">1-55566-181-5</a> & 1-55566-182-3.</li> <li>Costello, Damian. <i>Black Elk: Colonialism and Lakota Catholicism</i> (Orbis Books, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57075-580-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57075-580-4">978-1-57075-580-4</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wbcws.org/">White Buffalo Calf Woman Society</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHqVdZmpRgI">Chief Arvol Looking Horse (Lakota) tells the White Buffalo Calf Woman Story</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jX55i2oBjAc">Ptehíŋčala Ska Wiŋ White Buffalo Calf Woman | Kevin Locke | Wilmette Institute</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&oldid=1228760677">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_Buffalo_Calf_Woman&oldid=1228760677</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Traditional_narratives_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Category:Traditional narratives of indigenous peoples of the Americas">Traditional narratives of indigenous peoples of the Americas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indigenous_culture_of_the_Great_Plains" title="Category:Indigenous culture of the Great Plains">Indigenous culture of the Great Plains</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Goddesses_of_the_indigenous_peoples_of_North_America" title="Category:Goddesses of the indigenous peoples of North America">Goddesses of the indigenous peoples of North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakota_spirit_beings" title="Category:Lakota spirit beings">Lakota spirit beings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Shapeshifting" title="Category:Shapeshifting">Shapeshifting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mythological_bovines" title="Category:Mythological bovines">Mythological bovines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Women_in_mythology" title="Category:Women in mythology">Women in mythology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prophets" title="Category:Prophets">Prophets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Supernatural_beings_identified_with_Christian_saints" title="Category:Supernatural beings identified with Christian saints">Supernatural beings identified with Christian saints</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_in-text_citations_from_August_2014" title="Category:Articles lacking in-text citations from August 2014">Articles lacking in-text citations from August 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_in-text_citations" title="Category:All articles lacking in-text citations">All articles lacking in-text citations</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 June 2024, at 01:28<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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