Qualifications and credentials

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Qualifications are important:" /> <meta name="abstract" content="Qualifications – the certificates and diplomas awarded following formal education, training and learning – are vital in modern societies. They affect our ability to get a job, practise a profession, pursue lifelong learning and move between countries. New types of credentials (including digital badges, micro-credentials-,and nano-credentials) are increasingly promoted as a new way of valuing learning, allowing individuals to collect and ‘stack’ learning experiences, at their own pace and throughout their life." /> <meta name="keywords" content="CEDEFOP, European Agency, European Vocational Education and Training, Education, Training, VET" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/themes/qualifications-credentials" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/node/45884" /> <meta name="news_keywords" content="CEDEFOP, European Agency, European Vocational Education and Training, Education, Training, VET" /> <link rel="image_src" href="https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/files/styles/large/public/images/qualifications-credentials-cedefop.gif?itok=TpwsJhLe, https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/themes/custom/cedefop_foundation/logo.png" /> <meta name="rights" content="cedefop.europa.eu" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="CEDEFOP" /> <meta property="og:type" content="Article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/themes/qualifications-credentials" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Qualifications and credentials" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Qualifications – the certificates and diplomas awarded following education, training and learning – are vital in modern societies. They affect our ability to get a job, practise a profession, pursue lifelong learning and move between countries. They also affect our general social standing and status. Qualifications are important:" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/files/styles/large/public/images/qualifications-credentials-cedefop.gif?itok=TpwsJhLe" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/themes/custom/cedefop_foundation/logo.png" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="250" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="68" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2021-05-06T11:31:41+03:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-09-18T09:51:00+03:00" /> <meta itemprop="name" content="Qualifications and credentials" /> <meta itemprop="description" content="Qualifications – the certificates and diplomas awarded following education, training and learning – are vital in modern societies. They affect our ability to get a job, practise a profession, pursue lifelong learning and move between countries. They also affect our general social standing and status. Qualifications are important:" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Qualifications and credentials" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Qualifications – the certificates and diplomas awarded following education, training and learning – are vital in modern societies. They affect our ability to get a job, practise a profession, pursue lifelong learning and move between countries. They also affect our general social standing and status. 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href="/en/countries/belgium" class="flag flag-be" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/318">Belgium</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/bulgaria" class="flag flag-bg" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/319">Bulgaria</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/croatia" class="flag flag-hr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/329">Croatia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/cyprus" class="flag flag-cy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/320">Cyprus</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/czechia" class="flag flag-cz" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/321">Czechia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/denmark" class="flag flag-dk" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/322">Denmark</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/estonia" class="flag flag-ee" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/323">Estonia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/finland" class="flag flag-fi" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/324">Finland</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/france" class="flag flag-fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/325">France</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/germany" class="flag flag-de" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/326">Germany</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/greece" class="flag flag-gr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/327">Greece</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/hungary" class="flag flag-hu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/328">Hungary</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/ireland" class="flag flag-ie" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/330">Ireland</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/italy" class="flag flag-it" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/331">Italy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/latvia" class="flag flag-lv" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/332">Latvia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/lithuania" class="flag flag-lt" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/333">Lithuania</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/luxembourg" class="flag flag-lu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/334">Luxembourg</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/malta" class="flag flag-mt" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/335">Malta</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/netherlands" class="flag flag-nl" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/336">Netherlands</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/poland" class="flag flag-pl" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/337">Poland</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/portugal" class="flag flag-pt" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/338">Portugal</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/romania" class="flag flag-ro" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/339">Romania</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/slovakia" class="flag flag-sk" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/340">Slovakia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/slovenia" class="flag flag-si" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/341">Slovenia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/spain" class="flag flag-es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/343">Spain</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/sweden" class="flag flag-se" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/342">Sweden</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-submenu menu-item--expanded"> <a class="toggle nolink">Other countries</a> <ul class="submenu menu vertical" data-submenu> <li> <a href="/en/countries/iceland" class="flag flag-is" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/345">Iceland</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/norway" class="flag flag-no" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/346">Norway</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/countries/united-kingdom" class="flag flag-gb" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/344">United Kingdom</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="has-submenu menu-item--expanded"> <a href="/en/about-cedefop" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18046">About Cedefop</a> <ul class="submenu menu vertical" data-submenu> <li class="menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/who-we-are" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11">Who we are</a> </li> <li class="menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/what-we-do" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/15">What we do</a> </li> <li class="menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/finance-and-budget" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18">Finance and budget</a> </li> <li class="menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/job-opportunities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/155539">Job opportunities</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/public-procurement" data-drupal-link-system-path="about-cedefop/public-procurement">Public procurement and grants</a> </li> <li class="menu-item--collapsed"> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/public-documents" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33823">Public documents</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/eu-agencies-network" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/21577">EU Agencies Network</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/contact-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/21">Contact us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/about-cedefop/faqs" data-drupal-link-system-path="about-cedefop/faqs">FAQs</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </nav> <div class="views-exposed-form bef-exposed-form cedefop-search-header block-cedefop-search block block-views block-views-exposed-filter-blockcedefop-search-page" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-cedefop-search-page" id="block-cedefop-search"> <form action="/en/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-cedefop-search-page" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search-api-autocomplete form-item-keywords js-form-item-keywords"> <label for="edit-keywords">Search the Cedefop website</label> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-keywords" data-search-api-autocomplete-search="cedefop_search" class="form-autocomplete form-text" data-autocomplete-path="/en/search_api_autocomplete/cedefop_search?display=page&&filter=keywords" type="text" id="edit-keywords" name="keywords" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" /> </div> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions--2"><input class="success button radius js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-cedefop-search" type="submit" id="edit-submit-cedefop-search" value="Apply" /> </div> </form> </div> <div id="block-dropdownlanguage" class="block-dropdownlanguage block block-dropdown-language block-dropdown-languagelanguage-interface"> <div class="dropbutton-wrapper"><div class="dropbutton-widget"><ul class="dropdown-language-item dropbutton"><li class="en"><span class="language-link active-language">English</span></li><li class="bg"><a href="/bg/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Bulgarian" hreflang="bg">Български</a></li><li class="es"><a href="/es/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" hreflang="es">Español</a></li><li class="cs"><a href="/cs/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Czech" hreflang="cs">Čeština</a></li><li class="da"><a href="/da/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Danish" hreflang="da">Dansk</a></li><li class="de"><a href="/de/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" hreflang="de">Deutsch</a></li><li class="et"><a href="/et/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Estonian" hreflang="et">Eesti</a></li><li class="el"><a href="/el/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Greek" hreflang="el">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="fr"><a href="/fr/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" hreflang="fr">Français</a></li><li class="ga"><a href="/ga/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Irish" hreflang="ga">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="hr"><a href="/hr/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Croatian" hreflang="hr">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="it"><a href="/it/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" hreflang="it">Italiano</a></li><li class="lv"><a href="/lv/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Latvian" hreflang="lv">Latviešu</a></li><li class="lt"><a href="/lt/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Lithuanian" hreflang="lt">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="hu"><a href="/hu/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Hungarian" hreflang="hu">Magyar</a></li><li class="mt"><a href="/mt/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Maltese" hreflang="mt">Malti</a></li><li class="nl"><a href="/nl/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Dutch" hreflang="nl">Nederlands</a></li><li class="pl"><a href="/pl/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Polish" hreflang="pl">Polski</a></li><li class="pt-pt"><a href="/pt/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Português" hreflang="pt-pt">Português</a></li><li class="ro"><a href="/ro/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Romanian" hreflang="ro">Română</a></li><li class="sk"><a href="/sk/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Slovak" hreflang="sk">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="sl"><a href="/sl/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Slovenian" hreflang="sl">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="fi"><a href="/fi/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Finnish" hreflang="fi">Suomi</a></li><li class="sv"><a href="/sv/themes/qualifications-credentials?etransnolive=1" class="language-link" title="Swedish" hreflang="sv">Svenska</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> <section id="block-user-account-menu-anonymous" class="block-user-account-menu-anonymous block block-block-content block-block-content60139e37-fc3d-400b-b020-a6da84d981f2"> <div class="field-wrapper body field field-block-content--body field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <div class="login"><a href="/en/user/login?destination=/en/themes/qualifications-credentials" class="login">Login</a></div> <div class="register"><a href="/en/user/register" class="register">Register</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="region region--l-navigation l-navigation-region show-for-xlarge"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-cedefop-foundation-main-menu-menu" id="block-cedefop-foundation-main-menu" class="block-cedefop-foundation-main-menu"> <h2 class="block-title visually-hidden" id="block-cedefop-foundation-main-menu-menu">Main menu</h2> <ul class="menu dropdown main-horizontal-menu" data-disable-hover="true" data-dropdown-menu role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">Home</a> </li> <li class="has-submenu menu-item--active-trail is-active"> <a href="/en/themes" class="themes mega-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="themes">Themes</a> <button type="button" class="main-menu-toggle themes " data-toggle="dropdown--main-menu-2" aria-label="Show submenu for Themes"><span>Show submenu for Themes</span></button> <div id="dropdown--main-menu-2" class="dropdown--main-menu--pane dropdown-pane" data-dropdown data-hover="true" data-hover-pane="true" data-position="bottom" data-alignment="left"> <ul class="menu dropdown" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/themes/skills-labour-market" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45854"> Skills and labour market</a> <div class="submenu-wrapper"> <ul class="menu" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/themes/skills-changing-societies" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45875">Skills and changing societies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/skills-changing-workplaces" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45877">Skills and changing workplaces</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/skills-policies-practices" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45878">Skills policies and practices</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/skills-intelligence" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125003">Skills intelligence</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/vet-knowledge-centre" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45863">VET knowledge centre</a> <div class="submenu-wrapper"> <ul class="menu" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/themes/vet-youth-teachers-trainers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45880">VET for youth - Teachers and trainers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/apprenticeships" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45883">Apprenticeships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/vet-for-adults" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45881">VET for adults</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/vet-support-policies-financing-guidance-validation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45882">VET support policies - financing, guidance, validation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/delivering-vet-qualifications" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45864">Delivering VET and qualifications</a> <div class="submenu-wrapper"> <ul class="menu" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/themes/qualifications-credentials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45884" class="is-active">Qualifications and credentials</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/learning-outcomes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45886">Learning outcomes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/vet-qualifications-across-borders" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45887">VET and qualifications across borders</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/vet-policies-and-systems" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/157184">VET policies and systems</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/future-trends-vet" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/45885">Future trends in the content and provision of VET</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="has-submenu"> <a href="/en/publications-and-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="publications-and-reports">Publications and reports</a> <button type="button" class="main-menu-toggle " data-toggle="dropdown--main-menu-3" aria-label="Show submenu for Publications and reports"><span>Show submenu for Publications and reports</span></button> <div id="dropdown--main-menu-3" class="dropdown--main-menu--pane dropdown-pane" data-dropdown data-hover="true" data-hover-pane="true" data-position="bottom" data-alignment="left"> <ul class="menu dropdown" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/publications" data-drupal-link-system-path="publications">Publications</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/country-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="country-reports">Country-specific reports</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="has-submenu online-tools"> <a href="/en/online-tools" class="online-tools mega-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="online-tools">Online tools</a> <button type="button" class="main-menu-toggle online-tools " data-toggle="dropdown--main-menu-4" aria-label="Show submenu for Online tools"><span>Show submenu for Online tools</span></button> <div id="dropdown--main-menu-4" class="dropdown--main-menu--pane dropdown-pane" data-dropdown data-hover="true" data-hover-pane="true" data-position="bottom" data-alignment="center"> <ul class="menu dropdown" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/tools/apprenticeship-schemes" class="tool-apprenticeship-schemes" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/26433">Cedefop European database on apprenticeship schemes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/european-database-on-validation-of-non-formal-and-informal-learning" class="tool-validation-db" data-drupal-link-system-path="tools/european-database-on-validation-of-non-formal-and-informal-learning">European database on validation of non-formal and informal learning</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/european-skills-jobs-survey" class="tool-esjs" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/148446">European skills and jobs survey</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/european-skills-index" class="tool-skills-index" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29634">European skills index</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/european-vet-policy-dashboard" class="tool-policy-dashboard" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/146995">European VET policy dashboard</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/financing-adult-learning-db" class="tool-financing-db" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/27016">Financing adult learning database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/financing-apprenticeships" class="tool-financing-apprenticeships" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/32518">Financing apprenticeships database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/key-indicators-on-vet" class="tool-key-indicators" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125001">Key indicators on VET</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/matching-skills" class="tool-skills-mismatch" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/150956">Matching skills</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/mobility-scoreboard" class="tool-mobility-scoreboard" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/33503">Mobility scoreboard database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/nqfs-online-tool" class="tool-nqf-online" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125004">National Qualifications frameworks (NQFs) online tool</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/opinion-survey-adult-learning-cvet" class="tool-cvet" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/155296">Opinion survey on adult learning and CVET</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/opinion-survey-on-vet" class="tool-opinion-survey-on-vet" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/27788">Opinion survey on VET</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/resources-guidance" class="tool-guidance-resources" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/25889">Resources for guidance</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/skills-forecast" class="tool-skills-forecast" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/28418">Skills forecast</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/skills-intelligence" class="tool-skills-intelligence" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125003">Skills intelligence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/skills-online-vacancies" class="tool-ovate" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/30779">Skills-OVATE</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/stas" class="tool-stas" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/157229">STAS - Short-term anticipation of skills trends and VET demand</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/vet-glossary" class="tool-glossary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/149886">Terminology of European education and training policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/timeline-vet-policies-europe" class="tool-timeline" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/149789">Timeline of VET policies in Europe</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/vet-in-europe" class="tool-vet-in-europe" data-drupal-link-system-path="tools/vet-in-europe">VET in Europe database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/neets" class="tool-neets" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/30444">VET toolkit for empowering NEETs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/tools/vet-toolkit-tackling-early-leaving" class="tool-vet-toolkit" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/24398">VET toolkit for tackling early leaving</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="has-submenu"> <a href="/en/news-and-events" data-drupal-link-system-path="news-and-events">News and events</a> <button type="button" class="main-menu-toggle " data-toggle="dropdown--main-menu-5" aria-label="Show submenu for News and events"><span>Show submenu for News and events</span></button> <div id="dropdown--main-menu-5" class="dropdown--main-menu--pane dropdown-pane" data-dropdown data-hover="true" data-hover-pane="true" data-position="bottom" data-alignment="left"> <ul class="menu dropdown" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/en/news" data-drupal-link-system-path="news">News</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/events" 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<div id="breadcrumb"> <div id="block-cedefop-foundation-breadcrumbs" class="block-cedefop-foundation-breadcrumbs block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">You are here</h2><ul class="breadcrumbs"> <li> <a href="/en" class="home">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes">Themes</a> </li> <li> <a href="/en/themes/delivering-vet-qualifications">Delivering VET and qualifications</a> </li> <li class="current">Qualifications and credentials</li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <section class="main"> <div id="block-cedefop-theme-system-main" class="block-cedefop-theme-system-main block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article data-history-node-id="45884" class="sub-theme-template-two node node--type-ced-theme node--view-mode-full ds-full-2col clearfix"> <div class="page-header"> <div class="group-metadata row"> <div class="columns medium-12"> <div class="group-node-title-dropdown"><div class="field-wrapper field field-node--node-title field-name-node-title field-type-ds field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <h1> Qualifications and credentials </h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dropbutton-widget-wrapper ced-theme-other-theme"><ul class="droplist droplist-theme"><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/skills-labour-market">Skills and labour market</a></li><ul class="child-theme"><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/skills-changing-societies">Skills and changing societies</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/skills-changing-workplaces">Skills and changing workplaces</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/skills-policies-practices">Skills policies and practices</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/skills-intelligence">Skills intelligence</a></li></ul><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/vet-knowledge-centre">VET knowledge centre</a></li><ul class="child-theme"><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/apprenticeships">Apprenticeships</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/vet-youth-teachers-trainers">VET for youth - Teachers and trainers</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/vet-for-adults">VET for adults</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/vet-support-policies-financing-guidance-validation">VET support policies - financing, guidance, validation</a></li></ul><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/delivering-vet-qualifications">Delivering VET and qualifications</a></li><ul class="child-theme"><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/qualifications-credentials">Qualifications and credentials</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/learning-outcomes">Learning outcomes</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/vet-qualifications-across-borders">VET and qualifications across borders</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/vet-policies-and-systems">VET policies and systems</a></li><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/future-trends-vet">Future trends in the content and provision of VET</a></li></ul><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/national-vet-systems">National VET systems</a></li><ul class="child-theme"><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/national-policy-developments">National policy developments</a></li></ul><li class="droplist-action secondary-action"><a href="/en/themes/statistics">Statistics</a></li></ul></div> </div><div class="field-wrapper field field-node--dynamic-block-fieldnode-available-languages field-name-dynamic-block-fieldnode-available-languages field-type-ds field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <div class="available-laguages-for-page-wrapper"> <p class="available-laguages-title"> This page is also available in:</p> <ul class="language-switcher-language-url squares square-inline-laguages"><li class="language-BG square small-square"> <a href="/bg/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Bulgarian">BG</a> </li><li class="language-ES square small-square"> <a href="/es/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Spanish">ES</a> </li><li class="language-CS square small-square"> <a href="/cs/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Czech">CS</a> </li><li class="language-DA square small-square"> <a href="/da/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Danish">DA</a> </li><li class="language-DE square small-square"> <a href="/de/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="German">DE</a> </li><li class="language-ET square small-square"> <a href="/et/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Estonian">ET</a> </li><li class="language-EL square small-square"> <a href="/el/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Greek">EL</a> </li><li class="language-FR square small-square"> <a href="/fr/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="French">FR</a> </li><li class="language-GA square small-square"> <a href="/ga/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Irish">GA</a> </li><li class="language-HR square small-square"> <a href="/hr/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Croatian">HR</a> </li><li class="language-IT square small-square"> <a href="/it/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Italian">IT</a> </li><li class="language-LV square small-square"> <a href="/lv/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Latvian">LV</a> </li><li class="language-LT square small-square"> <a href="/lt/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Lithuanian">LT</a> </li><li class="language-HU square small-square"> <a href="/hu/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Hungarian">HU</a> </li><li class="language-MT square small-square"> <a href="/mt/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Maltese">MT</a> </li><li class="language-NL square small-square"> <a href="/nl/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Dutch">NL</a> </li><li class="language-PL square small-square"> <a href="/pl/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Polish">PL</a> </li><li class="language-PT square small-square"> <a href="/pt/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Portuguese">PT</a> </li><li class="language-RO square small-square"> <a href="/ro/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Romanian">RO</a> </li><li class="language-SK square small-square"> <a href="/sk/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Slovak">SK</a> </li><li class="language-SL square small-square"> <a href="/sl/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Slovenian">SL</a> </li><li class="language-FI square small-square"> <a href="/fi/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Finnish">FI</a> </li><li class="language-SV square small-square"> <a href="/sv/themes/qualifications-credentials" title="Swedish">SV</a> </li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme-search-form"><form class="cedefop-theme-search-bar" data-drupal-selector="cedefop-theme-search-bar" action="/en/themes/qualifications-credentials" method="post" id="cedefop-theme-search-bar" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-item-search js-form-item-search"> <label for="edit-search">Search in this theme</label> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-search" type="text" id="edit-search" name="search" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> <input class="success button radius js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" /> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-vx1mlwgzyf6acr9-5vppp0hsez9mu7u88pcoxa6wudg" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-vX1mlWGzYf6AcR9_5vppp0HSeZ9mu7u88pCOxa6WuDg" /> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-cedefop-theme-search-bar" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="cedefop_theme_search_bar" /> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="group-content row collapse"> <div class="group-left columns"> <div id="cedefop-magellan-anchor-bottom"> <div class="body field-wrapper field field-node--body field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-above"> <div class="field-label"><h2>About Qualifications and credentials</h2></div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <p><a href="/en/publications-and-resources/publications/3059"><strong>Qualifications</strong></a> – the certificates and diplomas awarded following education, training and learning – are vital in modern societies. They affect our ability to get a job, practise a profession, pursue lifelong learning and move between countries.  They also affect our general social standing and status. Qualifications are important:</p><ul><li>for employers, signaling what can be expected from a potential employee;</li><li>for education and training, confirming that a candidate has successfully achieved a set of learning outcomes;</li><li>for policy makers, as a focal point of education and training policies, providing among others a tangible output of learning processes.</li></ul><p>While qualifications and degrees from initial education and training play an important role in Europe, new types of credentials (including digital badges, <a href="/en/events-and-projects/projects/micro-credentials-labour-market-education-and-training">microcredentials</a>, nano-credentials and others) are increasingly promoted as a complementary way of valuing learning, allowing individuals to collect and ‘stack’ learning experiences in a flexible way, at their own pace and throughout their life.</p><p>A broad range of qualifications are now included in <a href="/en/events-and-projects/projects/national-qualifications-framework-nqf">national qualification frameworks</a> linked to the<a href="/en/about-cedefop/projects/european-qualifications-framework/index.aspx"> European qualifications framework (EQF)</a>. These frameworks make understanding and comparing qualifications easier within and between countries, while they encourage countries to rethink and reform policy and practice on education, training and lifelong learning. Qualifications frameworks and related reforms have contributed to greater transparency of qualifications systems, and improved access to lifelong learning opportunities.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-dashboard-definition field-name-field-dashboard-definition field-type-string-long field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <div id='dashboard'> <row> <column large='6'> <node_description brand='plain'></node_description> </column> <column large='6'> <separator title='Key facts'></separator> <row brand='shadow zero-margin'> <keyfact small='6' medium='3' large='3' api='/dsense/data/keyfact?&indicator=IND2050&unit=percentage&dimensionsCombination=country X year&aes_x=country&aes_z=year&country=EU27&latest=1' iid='700' unlink_origin='true'></keyfact> <keyfact small='6' medium='3' large='3' api='/dsense/data/keyfact?&indicator=IND1060&unit=percentage&dimensionsCombination=country X year&aes_x=country&aes_z=year&country=EU27&latest=1' iid='900' unlink_origin='true'></keyfact> <keyfact small='6' medium='3' large='3' api='/dsense/data/keyfact?&indicator=IND1030&unit=percentage&dimensionsCombination=country X year&aes_x=country&aes_z=year&country=EU27&latest=1' iid='400' unlink_origin='true'></keyfact> <keyfact small='6' medium='3' large='3' api='/dsense/data/keyfact?&indicator=IND1130&unit=percentage&dimensionsCombination=country X year&aes_x=country&aes_z=year&country=EU27&latest=1' iid='100' unlink_origin='true'></keyfact> </row> </column> </row> <separator></separator> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-ced-featured-content field-name-field-ced-featured-content field-type-entity-reference field-label-above"> <div class="field-label"><h2>Featured content</h2></div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <div class="views-element-container"> <div class="js-view-dom-id-d84089a90a17852b1db7efb3afd6901480722091f33c1c633c0eb8be9d406806 view-cedefop-themes view-display-theme-featured-content-block"> <div class="view-main-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li><div data-history-node-id="158059" class="node node--type-ced-publication node--view-mode-large-teaser node--view-mode-teaser ds-teaser-1col"> <div class="group-image image-wrapper"> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-ced-main-image field-name-field-ced-main-image field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <article> <div class="field-wrapper field field-media--field-media-image field-name-field-media-image field-type-image field-label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field-label visually-hidden">Image</div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <img loading="lazy" alt="cover_5609_en_01.jpg" src="/files/cover_5609_en_01.jpg" width="2480" height="3508" /> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="group-content-wrapper content-wrapper"> <div class="group-content"> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--bundle-fieldnode field-name-bundle-fieldnode field-type-ds field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> Publication </div> </div> </div> <div class="group-inline"> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-ced-publication-month field-name-field-ced-publication-month field-type-list-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <div class='date start'><span class="month">November</span> <span class="year">2024</span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--node-title field-name-node-title field-type-ds field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <a href="/en/publications/5609" hreflang="en">Transparency and transferability of learning outcomes: a 20-year journey</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-ced-subtitle field-name-field-ced-subtitle field-type-string field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> Analysis of developments at European and national level </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-ced-publication-type field-name-field-ced-publication-type field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <a href="/en/publication-types/documents-de-recherche-cedefop" hreflang="en">Research papers</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field-wrapper field field-node--field-ced-related-country field-name-field-ced-related-country field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"> <span class="flag flag-eu">Europe</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="documents"> <div class="field-label">Available languages</div> <span class="file-lang">EN</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> 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