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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Pindar" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Pindar" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" 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user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukermeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb"><span>Doner</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Pindar" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Pindar" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn 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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Liv_og_virke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liv_og_virke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Liv og virke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liv_og_virke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seierssangene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seierssangene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Seierssangene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seierssangene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Den_pindariske_ode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Den_pindariske_ode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Den pindariske ode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Den_pindariske_ode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kronologi_for_seierssangene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kronologi_for_seierssangene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kronologi for seierssangene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kronologi_for_seierssangene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ettermæle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ettermæle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ettermæle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ettermæle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pindar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 67 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="بندار – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بندار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaro" title="Pindaro – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pindaro" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Піндар – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Піндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Піндар – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Піндар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пиндар – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пиндар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADndar" title="Píndar – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Píndar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Πίνδαρος – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πίνδαρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADndaro" title="Píndaro – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Píndaro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaro" title="Pindaro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pindaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADndaru" title="Píndaru – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Píndaru" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaro" title="Pindaro – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pindaro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="پیندار – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیندار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindare" title="Pindare – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pindare" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADndaro" title="Píndaro – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Píndaro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%80%EB%8B%A4%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="핀다로스 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="핀다로스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Պինդարոս – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պինդարոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaro" title="Pindaro – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pindaro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaro" title="Pindaro – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pindaro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1" title="פינדארוס – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פינדארוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="პინდაროსი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პინდაროსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пиндар – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пиндар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindarus" title="Pindarus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pindarus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindars" title="Pindars – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pindars" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaras" title="Pindaras – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pindaras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindarosz" title="Pindarosz – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pindarosz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пиндар – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пиндар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC" title="പിണ്ടർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പിണ്ടർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86)" title="بندار (كاتب اساطير من بويوتيان كونفيديراتيون) – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بندار (كاتب اساطير من بويوتيان كونفيديراتيون)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindarus" title="Pindarus – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pindarus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9" title="ピンダロス – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピンダロス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ACndar" title="Pìndar – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Pìndar" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Πίνδαρος – pontisk" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Πίνδαρος" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="pontisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADndaro" title="Píndaro – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Píndaro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пиндар – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пиндар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindari" title="Pindari – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pindari" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaru" title="Pindaru – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pindaru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="پیندار – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پیندار" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пиндар – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пиндар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindaros" title="Pindaros – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pindaros" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Піндар – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Піндар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pindar" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%BE%BE" title="品达 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="品达" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%81%E9%81%94" title="品達 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="品達" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%81%E8%BE%BE" title="品达 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="品达" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134929#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Pindar" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pindar"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pindar"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Pindar" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Pindar" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&oldid=24739872" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Pindar&id=24739872&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPindar"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPindar"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Pindar&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pindar" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/Forfatter:Pindaros" hreflang="no"><span>Wikikilden</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134929" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24461009">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks td{background-color:#efefef;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:4px;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.custom td{background:none;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad th{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td{text-align:left;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.headercenter{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.hode th{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24461009"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi fastbredde"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Pindaros<div style="font-size:65%">Πίνδαρος</div></th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bust_of_Pindar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bust_of_Pindar.jpg/250px-Bust_of_Pindar.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="370" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bust_of_Pindar.jpg/375px-Bust_of_Pindar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bust_of_Pindar.jpg/500px-Bust_of_Pindar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5856" data-file-height="8676" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="thumbcaption"><b>Pindaros</b>, romersk kopi av gresk byste fra 400-tallet f.Kr. (<i>Museo Archeologica Nazionale</i>, Napoli)<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23957101">.mw-parser-output .byline{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .byline .hidden{display:none}</style><div class="byline"></div></div></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2">ca. 522 f.Kr.<br />Kynoskefalai ved <a href="/wiki/Theben_(Hellas)" title="Theben (Hellas)">Theben</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P570 edit-props-P20 edit-props-P509">Død</span></th><td colspan="2">ca. 543 f.Kr.<br /><a href="/wiki/Argos" title="Argos">Argos</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2">Lyrisk poet</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Ektefelle</th><td colspan="2">Megakleia</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Partner(e)</th><td colspan="2">Theoxenus of Tenedos<sup id="cite_ref-hash-97e0ba00c068ec1074188132967428d2de965723_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-97e0ba00c068ec1074188132967428d2de965723-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Barn</th><td colspan="2">Dafantos, Eumetis og Protomakhe</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Antikkens_Hellas" title="Antikkens Hellas">Gresk</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pindar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pindar">Pindar på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Pindar</b> (gresk: Πίνδαρος, <i>Pindaros</i>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>: <i>Pindarus</i>) (født ca. <a href="/wiki/522_f.Kr." title="522 f.Kr.">522</a>, død <a href="/wiki/443_f.Kr." title="443 f.Kr.">443 f.Kr.</a>), også kjent som <b>Pindaros</b>, var en av de <a href="/wiki/Kanon_(kultur)" title="Kanon (kultur)">kanoniserte</a> «<a href="/wiki/Ni_lyriske_poeter" title="Ni lyriske poeter">ni lyriske poeter</a>» i <a href="/wiki/Antikkens_Hellas" title="Antikkens Hellas">antikkens Hellas</a>; av dem er det hans verker som er best bevart, og han ble i <a href="/wiki/Antikken" title="Antikken">antikken</a> beundret som en av de aller største dikterne noensinne. Han er særlig kjent for sine <i>epinikia</i>, <a href="/wiki/Korsang" class="mw-redirect" title="Korsang">korsanger</a> til hyllest for vinnerne av <a href="/wiki/Idrett" class="mw-redirect" title="Idrett">idrettsleker</a>, men mestret også <a href="/wiki/Genre" class="mw-redirect" title="Genre">sjangre</a> som <i><a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">paean</a></i> («triumfsang») og <i><a href="/wiki/Dityrambe" title="Dityrambe">dityrambe</a></i> («jubelhymne»). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liv_og_virke">Liv og virke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Liv og virke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Liv og virke"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pindar ble født i nærheten av <a href="/wiki/Theben_(Hellas)" title="Theben (Hellas)">Theben</a> i <a href="/wiki/Boiotia" title="Boiotia">Boiotia</a>, muligens i landsbyen Kynoskefalai, som sønn av Daifantus og Kleodike, tilhørende en fremstående thebansk slekt som mente å spore sine aner tilbake til <a href="/wiki/Aigevs" title="Aigevs">Aigevs</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kadmos" title="Kadmos">Kadmos</a>. Pindar tok sin utdannelse i <a href="/wiki/Athen" title="Athen">Athen</a>, der hans familiebakgrunn sikret ham adgang til de øverste samfunnslagene og ga ham bedre utløp for sine poetiske talenter enn hjemtraktene <a href="/wiki/Boiotia" title="Boiotia">Boiotia</a>. I Athen har han nok studert korlyrikere som <a href="/wiki/Alkman" title="Alkman">Alkman</a> og <a href="/wiki/Stesikhoros" title="Stesikhoros">Stesikhoros</a> og de samtidige <a href="/wiki/Simonides_fra_Keos" title="Simonides fra Keos">Simonides fra Keos</a> og Lasos fra Hermione, og fått kjennskap til <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> og <a href="/wiki/Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a>. På den tiden Pindar var i Athen var den greske <a href="/wiki/Tragedie" title="Tragedie">tragedie</a> i ferd med å utvikle seg fra ritualene knyttet <a href="/wiki/Dionysos" title="Dionysos">de dionysiske festene</a>. Han skal ha fått undervisning i <i><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">aulos</a></i>-spill av en Stesikhoros i Theben, og studerte musikk videre da han kom til Athen, under musikerne <a href="/wiki/Apollodor" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollodor">Apollodor</a> (eller <a href="/wiki/Agathokles" title="Agathokles">Agathokles</a>) og Lasos fra Hermione. </p><p>Pindars kone het Timoxene eller Megakleia; sønnen het Dafantos og de to døtrene Eumetis og Protomakhe. Dette var <a href="/wiki/Aristokrati" title="Aristokrati">aristokratiske</a> navn, og Pindar hevdet selv å være en av <a href="/wiki/Magna_Mater" class="mw-redirect" title="Magna Mater">Magna Maters</a> prester.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/476_f.Kr." title="476 f.Kr.">476 f.Kr.</a> til <a href="/wiki/473_f.Kr." title="473 f.Kr.">473 f.Kr.</a> oppholdt han seg på <a href="/wiki/Sicilia" title="Sicilia">Sicilia</a>. Her hersket <a href="/wiki/Tyrann" title="Tyrann">tyrannene</a> Hieron I av Syrakus og Theron IV av Agrakas, som begge fikk hylningsdikt diktet til seg av Pindar. Ved <a href="/wiki/Hoff" title="Hoff">hoffene</a> deres møtte han de betydelige korlyrikerne Simonides fra Keos og hans søstersønn <a href="/wiki/Bakkhylides" title="Bakkhylides">Bakkhylides</a>; Pindar beskyldte de to for å baktale ham overfor Hieron, «<i>som to <a href="/wiki/Ravn" title="Ravn">ravner</a> som skratter mot <a href="/wiki/%C3%98rn" class="mw-redirect" title="Ørn">ørnen</a></i>». Bakkhylides stilte attpåtil Pindar i skyggen fordi Bakkhylides' dikt var så mye enklere og dermed lettere tilgjengelige. Heller ikke belærte han Hieron om hvordan han burde styre landet, slik Pindar gjorde. </p><p>Politisk stod han i en spent situasjon, siden hjembyen Theben allierte seg med <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Stor-Hellas'</a> fiender, de inntrengende <a href="/wiki/Perserriket" title="Perserriket">perserne</a>. Pindar ville ikke vise seg illojal mot sin hjemby, men fikk det vanskelig etter at perserne var beseiret. Som aristokrat var han heller ikke positiv til fremveksten av <a href="/wiki/Athen" title="Athen">Athens</a> demokrati, men skrev likevel en hyllest til byen som ironisk nok ofte siteres: </p> <dl><dd>O du skimrende og <a href="/wiki/Fiol" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiol">fiolbekransede</a>,</dd> <dd>sangombruste, herlige Athen,</dd> <dd>Hellas' <a href="/wiki/Forsvarsverk" class="mw-redirect" title="Forsvarsverk">bolverk</a>, guddommelige by!<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Stilen hans var så høystemt at den kvinnelige dikteren Korinna rådet ham til «<i>å <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A5korn" title="Såkorn">så</a> med én hånd, og ikke hele sekken</i>».<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Han hengte <a href="/wiki/Adjektiv" title="Adjektiv">adjektiver</a> og <a href="/wiki/Apposisjon" title="Apposisjon">apposisjoner</a> på <a href="/wiki/Substantiv" title="Substantiv">substantivene</a> i en slik grad at disse este ut så <a href="/wiki/Verb" title="Verb">verbene</a> nærmest er redusert til <a href="/wiki/Bindeord" title="Bindeord">bindeord</a>. I likhet med sin landsmann Hesiod - begge kom fra Boiotia - var han religiøst anlagt, opptatt av <a href="/wiki/Sagn" title="Sagn">sagn</a> og <a href="/wiki/Myte" title="Myte">myter</a>, rettferd og <a href="/wiki/Straff" title="Straff">straff</a>; Pindar minner sin tilhører om <a href="/wiki/Aforisme" title="Aforisme">aforismen</a> «<i>mot to onde ting skjenker oss gudene kun en enkelt ting som er god</i>» - men en avgrunn åpner seg mellom den enkle bondedikteren Hesiod og den ordflinke aristokraten som omgikkes samfunnseliten, tyranner som Hieron og hans bror Gelon,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> og tidens førende lyrikere.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Selv om både Pindar og Bakkhylides hyller Hierons seire på <a href="/wiki/Hesteveddel%C3%B8p" class="mw-redirect" title="Hesteveddeløp">veddeløpsbanen</a>, nevner ingen av dem at Gelon ved en anledning også vant kappkjøringen i de olympiske leker.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Et svært viktig historisk dokument er Pindars første pythiske (dvs. delfiske; <a href="/wiki/Delfi" title="Delfi">Delfi</a> het Pytho den gang) ode, skrevet for Hieron i 470 f.Kr., med sin unike beskrivelse av de sicilianske seirene over <a href="/wiki/Kartago" title="Kartago">kartagenere</a> og <a href="/wiki/Etruskere" title="Etruskere">etruskere</a> i 480 f.Kr. og 474 f.Kr.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Etter oppholdet på Sicilia arbeidet han blant andre for Arkesilas av <a href="/wiki/Kyrene" title="Kyrene">Kyrene</a> og kongen av <a href="/wiki/Rhodos" title="Rhodos">Rhodos</a>. Fra denne tiden finnes fragmentet av en <i>paean</i>. </p><p>Pindars diktning var høyt beundret i antikken, blant annet av <a href="/wiki/Horats" title="Horats">Horats</a> som kalte ham «Thebens sangsvane» i en av sine oder, og av <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_den_store" title="Aleksander den store">Aleksander den store</a>, som lot Theben brenne ned i <a href="/wiki/335_f.Kr." title="335 f.Kr.">335 f.Kr.</a>, men ga ordre om å skåne Pindars hus<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - hans anerkjennelse av Pindars hyllestdikt til <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_I_av_Makedonia" title="Aleksander I av Makedonia">Aleksander I av Makedonia</a>. </p><p>Som Pindars testamente regnes hans siste korsang, der tanken om livet som en <a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%B8m" title="Drøm">drøm</a> presenteres for første gang: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B8gnfluer" title="Døgnfluer">Døgnfluer</a>!</dd> <dd>Hva er vår væren? Hva er vår ikke-væren?</dd> <dd>En <a href="/wiki/Skygge" title="Skygge">skygges</a> drøm er mennesket.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seierssangene">Seierssangene</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Seierssangene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Seierssangene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lærde ved <a href="/wiki/Biblioteket_i_Aleksandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteket i Aleksandria">biblioteket i Aleksandria</a> delte arbeidene hans inn i 17 bøker:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1 bok med <b>humnoi</b> – «<a href="/wiki/Hymne" title="Hymne">hymner</a>»</li> <li>1 bok med <b>paianes</b> – «<a href="/wiki/Paean" title="Paean">paeaner</a>»</li> <li>2 bøker med <b>dithuramboi</b> – «<a href="/wiki/Dityrambe" title="Dityrambe">dithyramber</a>»</li> <li>2 bøker med <b>prosodia</b> – «preludier»</li> <li>3 bøker med <b>parthenia</b> – «sanger for unge kvinner»</li> <li>2 bøker med <b>huporchemata</b> – «sanger til dans»</li> <li>1 bok med <b>enkomia</b> – «lovsanger»</li> <li>1 bok med <b>threnoi</b> – «klagesanger»</li> <li>4 bøker med <b>epinikia</b> – «seierssanger»</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Pindar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Pindar.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="148" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="148" /></a><figcaption>Pindar (fra <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalgalleriet" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasjonalgalleriet">Nasjonalgalleriet</a> i Oslo).</figcaption></figure> <p>Av disse er det bare seierssangene som er bevart i sin helhet, ettersom de ble valgt ut av en lærer som lærebok i det <a href="/wiki/100-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="100-tallet">100-tallet</a> e.Kr.<sup id="cite_ref-Newsfinder_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newsfinder-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Resten er kjent gjennom omtale i andre verker eller fra funn av papyrusruller i <a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">Egypt</a>. Seierssangene ble skrevet til unge, aristokratiske atleter som seiret i de fire mest fremstående festivalene i det tidlige antikke Hellas: de <a href="/wiki/Antikkens_olympiske_leker" title="Antikkens olympiske leker">olympiske</a>, nemeiske,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pythiske_leker" title="Pythiske leker">pythiske</a> og <a href="/wiki/Isthmiade" title="Isthmiade">isthmiske</a> leker. Lyrikken trekker paralleller mellom seierherren, hans berømte forfedre og <a href="/wiki/Myte" title="Myte">myter</a> om gudene som var opphav til lekene. Sangene dempes litt i hyllesten for å ikke forarge gudene (<a href="/wiki/Hybris" title="Hybris">hybris</a>). I tråd med thebansk tradisjon berører Pindar ofte <a href="/wiki/Pederasti" title="Pederasti">pederastiske</a> forhold; se for eksempel de olympiske odene (seierssanger til vinnere av de <a href="/wiki/Olympiske_leker" title="Olympiske leker">olympiske leker</a>) I og IX. Pinar benyttet seg av avanserte greske <a href="/wiki/Metrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Metrum">metrum</a>, og videreutviklet <a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">odesjangeren</a> med en særlig kompleks metrisk struktur kalt en «pindarisk ode». </p><p>Pindar skrev etter all sannsynlighet med musikalsk akkompagnement i tankene; denne musikken er gått tapt, men det er grunn til å anta at i Pindars tilfelle (som i det meste av gresk diktning), var ordene viktigst. Det er allikevel umulig å gjenskape – eller forestille seg – hvordan Pindars diktning hørtes ut. Den greske kor-tradisjon var, i likhet med aristokratiet, utdøende på Pindars tid. Han tok den til et avsluttende høydepunkt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Den_pindariske_ode">Den pindariske ode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Den pindariske ode" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Den pindariske ode"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Også i nyere tid har forfattere skrevet såkalte pindariske oder, blant dem <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Ronsard" title="Pierre de Ronsard">Ronsard</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keats" class="mw-disambig" title="Keats">Keats</a> og <a href="/wiki/Shelley" class="mw-redirect" title="Shelley">Shelley</a>; «såkalte» ettersom man i stor grad har misforstått Pindars stil og teknikk.<sup id="cite_ref-Newsfinder_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newsfinder-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En pindarisk ode hadde en tredelt struktur: en strofe av to eller flere linjer som gjentas, ble fulgt av en anti-strofe i <a href="/wiki/Metrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Metrum">metrisk</a> harmoni, fulgt av en epode (en avsluttende linje) i et annet metrum. De tre delene korresponderes med bevegelser på scenen i <a href="/wiki/Gresk_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Gresk drama">gresk drama</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kronologi_for_seierssangene">Kronologi for seierssangene</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kronologi for seierssangene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kronologi for seierssangene"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>På grunnlag av antikke kilder (og muligens antagelser) har redaktører i nyere tid (særlig Snell og Maehler, i <i>Bibliotheca Teubneriana</i>) forsøkt å tidsbestemme seierssangene. Resultatet er en oversikt over Pindars virke som epinike-dikter (med usikre momenter angitt med et spørsmålstegn): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/498_f.Kr." title="498 f.Kr.">498 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 10</li> <li><a href="/wiki/490_f.Kr." title="490 f.Kr.">490 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 6, 12</li> <li><a href="/wiki/488_f.Kr." title="488 f.Kr.">488 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 14 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/485_f.Kr." title="485 f.Kr.">485 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 2 (?), 7 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/483_f.Kr." title="483 f.Kr.">483 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 5 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/486_f.Kr." title="486 f.Kr.">486 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 7</li> <li><a href="/wiki/480_f.Kr." title="480 f.Kr.">480 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/478_f.Kr." title="478 f.Kr.">478 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 5 (?); <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 8</li> <li><a href="/wiki/476_f.Kr." title="476 f.Kr.">476 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 1, 2, 3, 11; <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 1 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/475_f.Kr." title="475 f.Kr.">475 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 2 (?); <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 3 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/474_f.Kr." title="474 f.Kr.">474 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 10 (?); <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 3 (?), 9, 11; <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 9 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/474_f.Kr." title="474 f.Kr.">474</a>/<a href="/wiki/473_f.Kr." title="473 f.Kr.">473 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 3/4 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/473_f.Kr." title="473 f.Kr.">473 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 4 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/470_f.Kr." title="470 f.Kr.">470 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 1; <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 2 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/468_f.Kr." title="468 f.Kr.">468 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/466_f.Kr." title="466 f.Kr.">466 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 9, 12</li> <li><a href="/wiki/465_f.Kr." title="465 f.Kr.">465 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 6 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/464_f.Kr." title="464 f.Kr.">464 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 7, 13</li> <li><a href="/wiki/462_f.Kr." title="462 f.Kr.">462 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 4</li> <li><a href="/wiki/462_f.Kr." title="462 f.Kr.">462</a>/<a href="/wiki/461_f.Kr." title="461 f.Kr.">461 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 5</li> <li><a href="/wiki/460_f.Kr." title="460 f.Kr.">460 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 8</li> <li><a href="/wiki/459_f.Kr." title="459 f.Kr.">459 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 8 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/458_f.Kr." title="458 f.Kr.">458 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 1 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/460_f.Kr." title="460 f.Kr.">460 f.Kr.</a> eller <a href="/wiki/456_f.Kr." title="456 f.Kr.">456 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Olympiske sanger</i> 4 (?), 5 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/454_f.Kr." title="454 f.Kr.">454 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Isthmiske sanger</i> 7 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/446_f.Kr." title="446 f.Kr.">446 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Pythiske sanger</i> 8; <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 11 (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/444_f.Kr." title="444 f.Kr.">444 f.Kr.</a>: <i>Nemeiske sanger</i> 10 (?)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ettermæle"><span id="Etterm.C3.A6le"></span>Ettermæle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Ettermæle" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Ettermæle"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> henviser flere steder til Pindar i sin diktning. Etter at Pindars seierssanger ble utgitt i <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> på <a href="/wiki/1600-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1600-tallet">1600-tallet</a>, forsøkte flere diktere å etterlikne hans stil; noen av disse diktene har fått stor anerkjennelse og regnes blant de beste engelskspråklige dikt, som <a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">John Drydens</a> <i>Alexander's Feast</i>, <a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">William Wordsworths</a> <i>Ode: Intimations of Immortality</i> og <a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">John Keats</a>' <i>Ode on a Grecian Urn</i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Goethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Goethe">Goethe</a> lot seg inspirere av Pindar til to tidlige arbeider, <i>Wanderers Sturmlied</i> («Vandrerens stormsang»), men avskrev senere sitt ungdomsverk som «<i>Halbunsinn</i>» («halvt tøys», «halvt galskap»), like innfløkt og utilgjengelig som den andre Pindar-<a href="/wiki/Pastisj" title="Pastisj">pastisjen</a> hans, <i>Harzreise im Winter</i> («<a href="/wiki/Harz" title="Harz">Harz</a>-reise om vinteren»).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hash-97e0ba00c068ec1074188132967428d2de965723-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-97e0ba00c068ec1074188132967428d2de965723_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Suda" title="Suda">Suda</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ia800506.us.archive.org/7/items/pindarolympianp00pind/pindarolympianp00pind.pdf">Basil L. Gildersleeve, professor i gresk</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins-univesitetet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>: <i>Pindar</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Gerhard Bendz: «Gresk litteratur», Verdens litteraturhistorie bind 1 (s. 287), J.W. Cappelens forlag, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8257400629" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-574-0062-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sententiaeantiquae.com/2017/06/12/korinna-laughed-making-pindar-better/"><i>Korinna laughed: Making Pindar better</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external free" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hiero">https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hiero</a> «Heiro», 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Gerhard Bendz: «Gresk litteratur», Verdens litteraturhistorie bind 1 (s. 286-88)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5184/classicalj.106.1.0001">Monessa Finnerty Cummins: <i>Sicilian tyrants and their victorious brothers</i> II</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classicalstudies.org/pindar-hieron-and-persian-wars-intertextual-reading-pi-pyth-171-80">Almut Fries: <i>Pindar, Hieron and the Persian Wars</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Gerhard Bendz: «Gresk litteratur», Verdens litteraturhistorie bind 1 (s. 288)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/283450">Hermann Fränkel: <i>Man's «ephemeros» nature according to Pindar and others,</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Willcock, M.M. (1995): <i>Pindar: Victory Odes</i>, Cambridge UP, s. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Newsfinder-12"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-Newsfinder_12-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newsfinder_12-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Fotopoulou Sophia: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsfinder.org/site/more/pindaros/">Pindaros</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071010033600/http://www.newsfinder.org/site/more/pindaros/">Arkivert</a> 10. oktober 2007 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Newsfinder</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Mæhle, Ingvar Brandvik: «nemeiske leker» i <i>Store norske leksikon</i> på snl.no. Hentet 13. november 2023 fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://snl.no/nemeiske_leker">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/ogs.2003.32.1.53">Jonas Jølle: <i>The Pindaric Challenge: Goethe's «Wanderers Sturmlied»</i></a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Carne-Ross, D. S. (1985): <i>Pindar</i>, New Haven</li> <li>Campbell, David A. (1992): <i>Greek Lyric IV: Bacchylides, Corinna and Others</i>. Loeb Classical Library. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0674995082" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-674-99508-2</a>.</li> <li>Currie, Bruno (2005): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=LSD6_jyM2-8C&printsec=frontcover"><i>Pindar and the Cult of Heroes</i></a>, Oxford University Press <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0191615161" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-161516-1</a></li> <li>Linnér, Sture (1989): <i>Den gyllene lyran</i>, Stockholm</li> <li>Revard, Stella P. (2010): <i>Politics, Poetics, and the Pindaric Ode 1450-1700</i>, Turnhout, Brepols Publishers, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9782503528960" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-503-52896-0</a></li> <li>Zilliacus, Emil, overs. og kommentert (1939): <i>Chorus: Studier över grekisk körlyrik</i>, 2. utg.,Stockholm</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pindar&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/10717">Pindars seierssanger</a> på engelsk hos Prosjekt Gutenberg</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060613194324/http://www.kalliston.org/pindar.pdf">The Extant Odes of Pindar</a>, oversatt til engelsk av Ernest Meyers</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/Hovedside" title="Wikisource"><img alt="Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/14px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/21px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/28px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="gresk">(el)</span> <a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%A0%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" class="extiw" title="s:el:Πίνδαρος">Pindar</a> – originaltekster fra den greskspråklige <a href="/wiki/Wikikilden" title="Wikikilden">Wikikilden</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <table border="0" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/Hovedside" title="s:Hovedside"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/14px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/21px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/28px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/Forfatter:Pindaros" class="extiw" title="s:Forfatter:Pindaros">Pindaros</a> – originaltekster av og om forfatteren fra <a href="/wiki/Wikikilden" title="Wikikilden">Wikikilden</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="catlinks"><p id="portlinks" class="catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portaler" title="Wikipedia:Portaler">Portal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Portal:Antikkens_Hellas" title="Portal:Antikkens Hellas">Antikkens Hellas</a></p></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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