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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_warfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Colonial warfare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_warfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Independence_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independence_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Independence War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independence_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guardia_Nacional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guardia_Nacional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Guardia Nacional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guardia_Nacional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_of_the_Confederation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_of_the_Confederation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>War of the Confederation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_of_the_Confederation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupation_of_Araucanía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupation_of_Araucanía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>Occupation of Araucanía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occupation_of_Araucanía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_of_the_Pacific" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_of_the_Pacific"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.5</span> <span>War of the Pacific</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_of_the_Pacific-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_emulation_1885–1914" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_emulation_1885–1914"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.6</span> <span>Military emulation 1885–1914</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_emulation_1885–1914-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Milicia_Republicana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Milicia_Republicana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Milicia Republicana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Milicia_Republicana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>U.S. Influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.S._Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Army_under_General_Pinochet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Army_under_General_Pinochet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>The Army under General Pinochet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Army_under_General_Pinochet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Peacekeeping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peacekeeping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Peacekeeping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peacekeeping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Order_of_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Order of battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Military equipment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Military ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drill_and_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drill_and_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Drill and traditions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Drill_and_traditions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Drill and traditions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Drill_and_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Military_bands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_bands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Military bands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_bands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commanders-in-chief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commanders-in-chief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Commanders-in-chief</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commanders-in-chief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilsk%C3%A9_pozemn%C3%AD_s%C3%ADly" title="Chilské pozemní síly – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chilské pozemní síly" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile" title="Ejército de Chile – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ejército de Chile" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile" title="Ejército de Chile – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ejército de Chile" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armeo_de_%C4%88ilio" title="Armeo de Ĉilio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Armeo de Ĉilio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نیروی زمینی شیلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی زمینی شیلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_de_terre_chilienne" title="Armée de terre chilienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Armée de terre chilienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile" title="Exército de Chile – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Exército de Chile" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile" title="Ejército de Chile – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ejército de Chile" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%AA%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="チリ陸軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チリ陸軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%C3%A9rcito_do_Chile" title="Exército do Chile – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Exército do Chile" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile" title="Ejército de Chile – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ejército de Chile" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_Army" title="Chilean Army – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chilean Army" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A4ra_grader_i_Chile" title="Militära grader i Chile – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Militära grader i Chile" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2745472#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Chilean Army</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Ejército de Chile</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/315px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/420px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="813" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="infobox-caption">Chilean Army emblem</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1603, 1810<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">Land warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">80,000 <sup id="cite_ref-Memoria2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Memoria2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg/20px-Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg/30px-Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg/40px-Bandera_del_ministro_de_Defensa_de_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Armed_Forces" title="Chilean Armed Forces">Chilean Armed Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data">Edificio Ejército Bicentenario<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Santiago_(commune)" title="Santiago (commune)">Santiago</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Patron</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel">Our Lady of Mount Carmel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Siempre vencedor, jamás vencido</i> ("Always Victorious, Never Defeated")</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">Red</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feldgrau" title="Feldgrau">Field Grey</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Grey; color:black;"> </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">March</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Los_viejos_estandartes" class="mw-redirect" title="Los viejos estandartes">Los viejos estandartes</a></i> ("Old Banners")</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Anniversaries</th><td class="infobox-data">September 19th (Army Day)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chilean_War_of_Independence" title="Chilean War of Independence">Chilean War of Independence</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Expedition_of_Per%C3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom Expedition of Perú">Freedom Expedition of Perú</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Civil_War_of_1829%E2%80%9330" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean Civil War of 1829–30">Chilean Civil War of 1829–30</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Frontera_conflicts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Frontera conflicts (page does not exist)">La Frontera conflicts</a><br /><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Confederation" title="War of the Confederation">War of the Confederation</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iquicha_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iquicha War (page does not exist)">Iquicha War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1851_Chilean_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1851 Chilean Revolution">1851 Chilean Revolution</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_1859" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolution of 1859">Revolution of 1859</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Araucan%C3%ADa" title="Occupation of Araucanía">Occupation of Araucanía</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chincha_Islands_War" title="Chincha Islands War">Chincha Islands War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Pacific" title="War of the Pacific">War of the Pacific</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/1891_Chilean_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="1891 Chilean Civil War">1891 Chilean Civil War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Itata_incident" title="Itata incident">Itata incident</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chilean_naval_mutiny_of_1931" title="Chilean naval mutiny of 1931">Chilean naval mutiny of 1931</a><br /><a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973 Chilean coup d'état</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armed_Resistance_in_Chile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armed Resistance in Chile (page does not exist)">Armed Resistance in Chile</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Beagle_conflict" title="Beagle conflict">Beagle conflict</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Operation_Secure_Tomorrow" title="Operation Secure Tomorrow">Operation Secure Tomorrow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ejercito.cl/">http://www.ejercito.cl/</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Chile)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Chile)">Minister of National Defense</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maya_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Maya Fernández">Maya Fernández</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Defence_(Chile)" title="Chief of the Joint Chiefs of Defence (Chile)">Chief of the Joint Chiefs of Defence</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Admiral">Vice Admiral</a> Rodrigo Álvarez Aguirre</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Chilean_Army" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Army">Commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Army_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Army General">Army General</a> <a href="/wiki/Javier_Iturriaga_del_Campo" title="Javier Iturriaga del Campo">Javier Iturriaga del Campo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Carrera" title="José Miguel Carrera">José Miguel Carrera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn" title="José de San Martín">José de San Martín</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Bulnes" title="Manuel Bulnes">Manuel Bulnes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Baquedano" title="Manuel Baquedano">Manuel Baquedano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez_del_Campo" title="Carlos Ibáñez del Campo">Carlos Ibáñez del Campo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Flag</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Flag of the Chilean Army chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png/100px-Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png/150px-Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png/200px-Bandera_Comandante_en_Jefe_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="487" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Fin flash</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg/45px-Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg/68px-Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg/90px-Fin_Flash_of_Chile_%E2%80%93_Army_Aviation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Chilean Army</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Ejército de Chile</i>) is the land arm of the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Armed_Forces" title="Chilean Armed Forces">Chilean Armed Forces</a>. This 80,000-person army (9,200 of which are <a href="/wiki/Conscript" class="mw-redirect" title="Conscript">conscripts</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Memoria2013_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Memoria2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is organized into six divisions, a <a href="/wiki/Special_operations" title="Special operations">special operations</a> brigade and an air brigade. </p><p>In recent years, and after several major re-equipment programs, the Chilean Army has become the most technologically advanced and professional army in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chilean Army is mostly supplied with equipment from <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_warfare">Colonial warfare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial warfare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/War_of_Arauco" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Arauco">War of Arauco</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Independence_War">Independence War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Independence War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chilean_War_of_Independence" title="Chilean War of Independence">Chilean War of Independence</a></div> <p>The National Army of Chile was created on December 2, 1810, by order of the <a href="/wiki/Government_Junta_of_Chile_(1810)" title="Government Junta of Chile (1810)">First National Government Junta.</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The army was actively involved in the second Independence War, which was fought against <a href="/wiki/Royalist_(Spanish_American_Revolution)" class="mw-redirect" title="Royalist (Spanish American Revolution)">royalist</a> troops in battles such as <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chacabuco" title="Battle of Chacabuco">Chacabuco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maip%C3%BA" title="Battle of Maipú">Maipú</a> or others. During this period, national figures such as <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a> commanded the army and José de San Martín was allied with O'Higgins. The Army's first commander-in-chief was José Miguel Carrera. </p><p>After obtaining independence from Spain, the newly formed Republic reorganized its military structure by creating the Military Academy of Chile, which was founded by General O'Higgins in 1817. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guardia_Nacional">Guardia Nacional</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Guardia Nacional"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Diego_Portales" title="Diego Portales">Diego Portales</a> set up a civil militia, the Guardia Nacional, to end one of the worst stages of militarism in Chilean history. The militia was created in 2005. Portales developed this parallel army to compensate the army's might.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chilean <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">Conscription</a> Law of 1900 marked the beginning of the end of the Guardia Nacional.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="War_of_the_Confederation">War of the Confederation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: War of the Confederation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Confederation" title="War of the Confederation">War of the Confederation</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Occupation_of_Araucanía"><span id="Occupation_of_Araucan.C3.ADa"></span>Occupation of Araucanía</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Occupation of Araucanía"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Araucan%C3%ADa" title="Occupation of Araucanía">Occupation of Araucanía</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="War_of_the_Pacific">War of the Pacific</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: War of the Pacific"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Pacific" title="War of the Pacific">War of the Pacific</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Military_emulation_1885–1914"><span id="Military_emulation_1885.E2.80.931914"></span>Military emulation 1885–1914</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Military emulation 1885–1914"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/German_influence_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="German influence in Chile">German influence in Chile</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg/300px-Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg/450px-Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg/600px-Chile_-_Escuela_de_Suboficiales_Ej%C3%A9rcito_-_19-09-2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="784" /></a><figcaption>Noncommissioned Officers' School on parade, 19 September 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>During the War of the Pacific, many high-ranking officers won valuable insights into the state of the army and became aware that the army required rebuilding. Losses, material destruction, and organizational flaws regarding strategic planning and officer training, were noted by officers like <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emilio_Sotomayor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emilio Sotomayor (page does not exist)">Emilio Sotomayor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patricio_Lynch" title="Patricio Lynch">Patricio Lynch</a>, who approached President <a href="/wiki/Domingo_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Domingo Santa María">Santa María</a> arguing the need of good schools and technical departments for the military. Other factor that supported the emulation, the deliberate systematic imitation of the military technology, organisation, and doctrine of one country by another<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Notes 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the danger of war with Argentina. The emulation was backed by a broad coalition of civil and military leaders. </p><p>Chile hired a French military training mission in 1858,<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 129">: 129 </span></sup> and the Chilean legation in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> was instructed to find a training mission during the War of the Pacific in 1881. But large-scale <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/emulation" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:emulation">emulation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Prussian_Army" title="Prussian Army">Prussian Army</a> began in 1886 with the appointment of Captain <a href="/wiki/Emil_K%C3%B6rner" title="Emil Körner">Emil Körner</a>, a graduate of the renowned <a href="/wiki/Prussian_Military_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Prussian Military Academy">Kriegsakademie</a> in Berlin. Also appointed were 36 Prussian officers to train officer cadets in the Chilean Military Academy. The training occurred in three phases; the first took place from 1885 to 1891 during the presidency of Domingo Santa María, the second was the post-civil-war phase, and the third was the 1906 reorganization.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 128-">: 128- </span></sup> </p><p>The emulation was focused in armaments, conscription, officer recruitment and instruction, and general staff organization as well as military doctrine (adopted 1906). It was extended also into military logistics and medical services, promotions, retirement, salary regulation and even uniforms (adopted 1904), marching styles, helmets, parades, and military music. </p><p><b>Armaments</b>: Prior to 1883, the army was equipped with a variety of rifles, mostly French and Belgian origin. From 1892 to 1902, the Chilean-Argentine Arms Race, marked the peak of Chilean arms purchase. 100,000 <a href="/wiki/Mauser" title="Mauser">Mauser</a> rifles and new <a href="/wiki/Krupp" title="Krupp">Krupp</a> artillery was bought for 3 million <a href="/wiki/German_mark_(1871)" title="German mark (1871)">German marks (ℳ︁)</a> in 1893, 2 million marks in 1895 and 15 million marks in 1898. Ammunition factories and small arms manufacturing plants were established.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 134">: 134 </span></sup> </p><p><b>Conscription</b>: Like other armies in South America, Chile had had a small army of long-term service officers and soldiers. In 1900 Chile became the first country in Latin America to enforce a system of compulsory military service, whereby training, initially five to eighteen months (Germany: three years), took place in zones of divisional organization in order to create a solid military structure that could be easily doubled with well-trained and combat-ready reserve forces. Budgetary restrictions prevented the full impact of the law: the service fell disproportionately on the lower classes, no more than 20% of the contingent was incorporated annually, and former conscripts were not retrained periodically.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 137">: 137 </span></sup> </p><p><b>Officer education and training</b>: The beginning of the German mission was dedicated almost exclusively to the organization and implementation of a standardized, technically oriented military education with the essence of <a href="/wiki/Moltke" class="mw-redirect" title="Moltke">Moltke</a>'s German military system of continuous study of artillery, infantry, cartography, history, topography, logistics, tactics, etc., for a modern, professional and technically trained officer corps. In 1886, the "Academia de Guerra" (War Academy) was founded <i>"to elevate the level of technical and scientific instruction of army officers, in order that they be able, in case of war, to utilize the advantages of new methods of combat and new armaments."</i> The best alumni were candidates for general staff service. By the mid-1890s Körner organized the courses for a Noncommissioned Officers' School (<i>Escuela de Suboficiales y Clases</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 139">: 139 </span></sup> </p><p>During the <b><a href="/wiki/1891_Chilean_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="1891 Chilean Civil War">1891 Chilean Civil War</a></b> Körner was removed from duty by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Balmaceda" title="José Manuel Balmaceda">José Manuel Balmaceda</a>. He and his followers set sail north to join the Congressional forces in <a href="/wiki/Iquique" title="Iquique">Iquique</a>. He became chief architect of the new army and, though <a href="/wiki/Estanislao_del_Canto" title="Estanislao del Canto">Estanislao del Canto</a> formally was commander-in-chief, Körner led the rebel forces in the major clashes of the civil war.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 145">: 145 </span></sup> </p><p>Chile had had a <b>General Staff</b> during the War of the Pacific.<sup id="cite_ref-SaterHerwig1999_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SaterHerwig1999-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Körner turned his attention to a permanent institution in 1893-94 that should replace the old "Inspector General del Ejército", but with control over military affairs in peacetime and wartime. It had four sections: Instruction and Discipline, Military Schools, Scientific Works (strategic and operational planning), and Administration.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 147-">: 147- </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Milicia_Republicana">Milicia Republicana</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Milicia Republicana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Guardia Republicana</i> or <i>Milicia Republicana</i> was created after the fall of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Chile" title="Socialist Republic of Chile">Socialist Republic of Chile</a> in order to prevent another <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27etat" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup d'etat">coup d'etat</a>. On May 7, 1933, 20,000 militiamen marched past President <a href="/wiki/Arturo_Alessandri" title="Arturo Alessandri">Arturo Alessandri</a> in the streets of Santiago. In the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Las_Mercedes%27_plot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Las Mercedes' plot (page does not exist)">Las Mercedes' plot</a> in 1933, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, Pedro Vignola, called "to resist the Milicia Republicana by any means"; he was forced to resign from his post.<sup id="cite_ref-Luis_Vitale_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luis_Vitale-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1936, the militia was disbanded.<sup id="cite_ref-Luis_Vitale_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Luis_Vitale-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="U.S._Influence">U.S. Influence</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: U.S. Influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/U.S._intervention_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. intervention in Chile">U.S. intervention in Chile</a></div> <p>During the decades preceding the 1973 coup, the Chilean Army became influenced by the United States' <a href="/wiki/Anti-communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-communist">anti-communist</a> <a href="/wiki/Ideology" title="Ideology">ideology</a> in the context of various cooperation programs including the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere_Institute_for_Security_Cooperation" title="Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation">US Army School of the Americas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-privada_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-privada-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Army_under_General_Pinochet">The Army under General Pinochet</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: The Army under General Pinochet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973 Chilean coup d'état</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG/200px-Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG/300px-Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG/400px-Chile_quema_libros_1973.JPG 2x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="842" /></a><figcaption>Chilean soldiers burning books and paraphernalia considered communist after the coup d'état (1973)</figcaption></figure> <p>On 11 September 1973, in a watershed event of the Cold War and the history of Chile, president <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende">Salvador Allende</a> was overthrown in a coup d'état by the Armed Forces. Paul W. Drake and Ivan Jaksic state in <i>The Struggle for Democracy in Chile</i>: </p> <dl><dd><i>The armed forces killed, imprisoned, tortured, and exiled thousands of Chileans. The military suppressed, dismantled, and purged not only political parties but also publication, unions, schools, and other bastions of the democratic opposition. Even such privileged constituencies as university professors and students encountered serious limitations on their traditional ability to voice opinions of national, or even institutional relevance. ... The military regime viewed such activities [of the Catholic Church] with distrust, if not hostility. It launched a campaign of harassment against the Catholic Church ...</i></dd> <dd><i>Once the military had demobilized the polity and society, the regime began implanting its vision of a new order. It set out to replace not only democratic with authoritarian politics but also statist with market-driven economics.</i><sup id="cite_ref-DrakeJaksic1995_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DrakeJaksic1995-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>The Army, with now Captain General Augusto Pinochet, leader of the coup, as commander-in-chief of both the Army and the Armed Forces, led the national mobilization effort in 1978 as the <a href="/wiki/Beagle_conflict" title="Beagle conflict">Beagle conflict</a> began to hit the country. The Army was on full alert status during the duration of the crisis. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin" title="Patricio Aylwin">Patricio Aylwin</a> <a href="/wiki/Chilean_presidential_election,_1989" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean presidential election, 1989">was elected</a> President of the Republic on December 14, 1989. Although Chile had officially become a democracy, the Chilean military continued to be very powerful during Aylwin's presidency, and the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1980" title="Chilean Constitution of 1980">Chilean constitution</a> had been amended by Pinochet's regime to ensure the continued influence of Pinochet and his commanders. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a result of tensions with neighbors during the conflict-prone 1970s and early 1980s, the Chilean Army refined existing strategic concepts and eventually formulated a plan to restructure its forces. Though wars were avoided, the threats from the 1970s and 1980s encouraged the army to address more effectively its major defense disadvantage: lack of <a href="/wiki/Strategic_depth" title="Strategic depth">strategic depth</a>. Thus, in the early 1980s it looked outward for a model of army organization that would best advance defensive capabilities by restructuring forces into smaller, more mobile units instead of traditional divisions. The resulting <b>Plan Alcázar</b> envisions three military zones in Chile, with the bulk of forces concentrated in the north, and reinforces the center and south. The plan was implemented in stages, starting in 1994. Thus Alcázar, based on threat scenarios of the past, is one of the most durable "lessons" of the past.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (March 2015)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Even with the resolution of almost all remaining territorial disputes, the restructuring agenda continued, reinforcing a conflict-based mindset in the army.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peacekeeping">Peacekeeping</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Peacekeeping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Joint_Peacekeeping_Operations_Center" title="Chilean Joint Peacekeeping Operations Center">Chilean Joint Peacekeeping Operations Center</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li>1964-2013 <a href="/wiki/UNFICYP" class="mw-redirect" title="UNFICYP">UNFICYP</a></li> <li>1969 El Salvador-Honduras conflict (<a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">OAS</a> mission).</li> <li>1978-2013 <a href="/wiki/UNIFIL" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIFIL">UNIFIL</a></li> <li>1989-1992 <a href="/wiki/ONUCA" title="ONUCA">ONUCA</a></li> <li>1991-1992 <a href="/wiki/UNIKOM" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIKOM">UNIKOM</a></li> <li>1992-1993 <a href="/wiki/UNTAC" class="mw-redirect" title="UNTAC">UNTAC</a></li> <li>1992-1995 <a href="/wiki/ONUSAL" title="ONUSAL">ONUSAL</a></li> <li>1995-1999 <a href="/w/index.php?title=MOMEP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOMEP (page does not exist)">MOMEP</a> (Military observer mission in the <a href="/wiki/Cenepa_War" title="Cenepa War">Cenepa War</a>)</li> <li>1996-1998 <a href="/wiki/UNSCOM" class="mw-redirect" title="UNSCOM">UNSCOM</a></li> <li>1997-2002 <a href="/wiki/UNMIBH" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMIBH">UNMIBH</a></li> <li>2000-2002 <a href="/wiki/UNTAET" class="mw-redirect" title="UNTAET">UNTAET</a></li> <li>2000-2003 <a href="/wiki/UNMOVIC" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMOVIC">UNMOVIC</a></li> <li>2000-(2013) <a href="/wiki/UNMIK" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMIK">UNMIK</a></li> <li>2001-(2013) <a href="/wiki/UNFICYP" class="mw-redirect" title="UNFICYP">UNFICYP</a></li> <li>2002-2003 <a href="/wiki/UNMISET" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMISET">UNMISET</a></li> <li>2003-2006 <a href="/wiki/DPKO" class="mw-redirect" title="DPKO">DPKO</a></li> <li>2003-(2013) <a href="/wiki/MONUC" class="mw-redirect" title="MONUC">MONUC</a></li> <li>2003-2004 <a href="/wiki/UNAMA" class="mw-redirect" title="UNAMA">UNAMA</a></li> <li>2004-(2013) <a href="/wiki/EUFOR" class="mw-redirect" title="EUFOR">EUFOR</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=ALTHEA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ALTHEA (page does not exist)">ALTHEA</a></li> <li>2004-(2013) <a href="/w/index.php?title=MIFH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MIFH (page does not exist)">MIFH</a> (Multinational Interim Force for <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>)</li> <li>2004-(2013) <a href="/wiki/MINUSTAH" class="mw-redirect" title="MINUSTAH">MINUSTAH</a></li> <li>2007-(2013) <a href="/w/index.php?title=UNLOG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNLOG (page does not exist)">UNLOG</a> (UN Logistics Base in <a href="/wiki/Brindisi,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Brindisi, Italy">Brindisi, Italy</a>)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Army_order_of_battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean Army order of battle">Chilean Army order of battle</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile_Army_2014.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Chile_Army_2014.png/480px-Chile_Army_2014.png" decoding="async" width="480" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Chile_Army_2014.png/720px-Chile_Army_2014.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Chile_Army_2014.png/960px-Chile_Army_2014.png 2x" data-file-width="4501" data-file-height="1216" /></a><figcaption>Structure of the Chilean Army in 2014 (click on image to enlarge)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_battle">Order of battle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Order of battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Army General Headquarters</b>, in <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago, Chile">Santiago</a>. </p><p><b>Land Operations Command</b>, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Chile" title="Concepción, Chile">Concepcion</a>. </p> <ul><li><b>1st Army Division</b>: Regions II and III, with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Antofagasta" title="Antofagasta">Antofagasta</a>.</li> <li><b>2nd Motorized Division</b>: Regions IV, V, VI, VII and <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Metropolitan_Region" title="Santiago Metropolitan Region">Santiago Metropolitan Region</a> with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago, Chile">Santiago de Chile</a>.</li> <li><b>3rd Mountain Division</b>: Serving Regions VIII, IX, XIV, and X with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Valdivia" title="Valdivia">Valdivia</a>.</li> <li><b>4th Army Division</b>: Region XI with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Coyhaique" title="Coyhaique">Coyhaique</a>.</li> <li><b>5th Army Division</b>: Serving Region XII with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a>.</li> <li><b>6th Army Division</b>: Serving Regions I and XV, with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Iquique" title="Iquique">Iquique</a>.</li> <li><b>Army Aviation Brigade</b>: with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Rancagua" title="Rancagua">Rancagua</a> (<i>Brigada de Aviación del Ejército</i>). It is the Army's aviation force, composed of 4 battalions and a logistics company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lautaro_Special_Operations_Brigade" title="Lautaro Special Operations Brigade">Lautaro Special Operations Brigade</a>: with headquarters in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peldehue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peldehue (page does not exist)">Peldehue</a>. It is the Army's special forces brigade, named after one of Chile's national heroes.</li></ul> <p><b>Training and Doctrine Command</b> (<i>Comando de Institutos y Doctrina</i>) </p> <ul><li><b>Army Schools' Division</b> (<i>División Escuelas</i>)</li> <li><b>Army Education Division</b> (<i>División de Educación</i>)</li> <li><b>Army Doctrine Division</b> (<i>División de Doctrina</i>)</li></ul> <p><b>Force's Support Command</b> (<i>Comando de Apoyo de la Fuerza</i>) </p> <ul><li><b>Logistics Division</b>, with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Santiago,_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago, Chile">Santiago</a> (<i>División Logística del Ejército</i>)</li> <li><b>Engineers Command</b></li> <li><b>Telecommunications Command</b></li> <li><b>Infrastructure Command</b></li> <li><b>Military Industry and Engineering Command</b></li></ul> <p><b>Army Independent Commands</b> </p> <ul><li><b>General Garrison Command</b> in Santiago, serving the Santiago Metropolitan Region, reports directly to Army Headquarters</li> <li><b>Medical Command</b> in Santiago</li> <li><b>Administration Command</b></li></ul> <p><b>Army General Staff</b> (<b>Estado Mayor General del Ejército</b>) </p> <ul><li><b>Chilean Military Mission to Washington</b></li> <li><b>Directorate of Intelligence</b></li> <li><b>Directorate of Operations</b></li> <li><b>Finance Directorate</b></li> <li><b>Logistics Directorate</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_equipment">Military equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Military equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_equipment_of_the_Chilean_Army" title="List of current equipment of the Chilean Army">List of current equipment of the Chilean Army</a></div> <p>The Chilean Army acquired a number of new systems with the goal of having a completely modernized and largely mechanized army by 2015. The military also modified its operational structure, creating armoured brigades throughout the entire territory and a new special operations brigade, while preserving the existing divisional scheme.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, there were 3,900 officers, 17,300 NCOs, 3,600 professional soldiers, and 9,200 conscript soldiers. In military schools, 2,400 students. Civilian employees, 8,400.<sup id="cite_ref-Memoria2013_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Memoria2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_ranks">Military ranks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Military ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Army_ranks_and_insignia_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Army ranks and insignia of Chile">Army ranks and insignia of Chile</a></div> <dl><dt>Officers</dt></dl> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="10">General / flag officers </th> <th colspan="6">Senior officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chilean Army</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Chile_Army_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chile_Army-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OF/Chile" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/Chile"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OF/Chile" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/Chile"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OF/Chile" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OF/Chile"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile-Army-OF-9.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Army General"><img alt="Army General" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Chile-Army-OF-9.svg/100px-Chile-Army-OF-9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Chile-Army-OF-9.svg/150px-Chile-Army-OF-9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Chile-Army-OF-9.svg/200px-Chile-Army-OF-9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="119" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile-Army-OF-8.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Divisional General"><img alt="Divisional General" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chile-Army-OF-8.svg/100px-Chile-Army-OF-8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chile-Army-OF-8.svg/150px-Chile-Army-OF-8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chile-Army-OF-8.svg/200px-Chile-Army-OF-8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="119" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile-Army-OF-7.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brigade General"><img alt="Brigade General" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Chile-Army-OF-7.svg/100px-Chile-Army-OF-7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Chile-Army-OF-7.svg/150px-Chile-Army-OF-7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Chile-Army-OF-7.svg/200px-Chile-Army-OF-7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="119" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brigadier"><img alt="Brigadier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg/50px-SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg/75px-SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg/100px-SS.OO.8.EJER.BRIGADIER.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Colonel"><img alt="Colonel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg/50px-SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg/75px-SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg/100px-SS.OO.7.EJER.CORONEL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant Colonel"><img alt="Lieutenant Colonel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg/50px-SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg/75px-SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg/100px-SS.OO.6.EJER.TENIENTE_CORONEL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Major"><img alt="Major" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg/50px-SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg/75px-SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg/100px-SS.OO.5.EJER.MAYOR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Captain"><img alt="Captain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg/50px-SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg/75px-SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg/100px-SS.OO.4.EJER.CAPIT%C3%81N.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lieutenant"><img alt="Lieutenant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg/50px-SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg/75px-SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg/100px-SS.OO.3.EJER.TENIENTE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sub-Lieutenant"><img alt="Sub-Lieutenant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg/50px-SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg/75px-SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg/100px-SS.OO.2.EJER.SUBTENIENTE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ensign"><img alt="Ensign" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg/50px-SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg/75px-SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg/100px-SS.OO.1.EJER.ALF%C3%89REZ.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="266" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Army_general" title="Army general">General de ejército</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Divisional_general" title="Divisional general">General de división</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">General de brigada</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Brigadier</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Coronel</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Teniente coronel</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Mayor</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Capitán</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Teniente</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Sub-lieutenant" title="Sub-lieutenant">Subteniente</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Alf%C3%A9rez_(rank)" title="Alférez (rank)">Alférez</a></i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dt>Enlisted</dt></dl> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; color:inherit; text-align:center; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="22">Senior NCOs </th> <th colspan="6">Junior NCOs </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chilean Army</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Chile_Army_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chile_Army-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OR/Chile" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Chile"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OR/Chile" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Chile"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Armies/OR/Chile" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Armies/OR/Chile"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL_MAYOR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="116" data-file-height="279" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.SUBOFICIAL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_1%C2%B0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.SARGENTO_2%C2%B0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.CABO_1%C2%B0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.CABO_2%C2%B0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="1"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PCP.EJER.CABO.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PCP.EJER.CABO.svg/50px-PCP.EJER.CABO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PCP.EJER.CABO.svg/75px-PCP.EJER.CABO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PCP.EJER.CABO.svg/100px-PCP.EJER.CABO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6" rowspan="2"> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png/50px-Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png/75px-Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png/100px-Soldado_de_Tropa_Trofesional_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.png 2x" data-file-width="118" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Suboficial mayor</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Suboficial</i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/First_sergeant" title="First sergeant">Sargento primero</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Second_sergeant" title="Second sergeant">Sargento segundo</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/First_corporal" class="mw-redirect" title="First corporal">Cabo primero</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="1"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Second_corporal" title="Second corporal">Cabo segundo</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="1"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Cabo</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Soldado de tropa profesional</i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drill_and_traditions">Drill and traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Drill and traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg/220px-19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg/330px-19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg/440px-19-08-2012_-_Chile_Natalicio_O%27Higgins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1890" data-file-height="1359" /></a><figcaption>Ceremony for the Nativity of <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a> in 2012</figcaption></figure> <p>The Chilean Army is famous for its elaborate drill, exhibited in large scale during the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADa_de_las_Glorias_Navales" class="extiw" title="es:Día de las Glorias Navales">Día de las Glorias Navales</a> on 21 May and the <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parada_Militar_de_Chile" class="extiw" title="es:Parada Militar de Chile">Parada Militar de Chile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Great_Military_Parade_of_Chile" title="Great Military Parade of Chile">Great Military Parade of Chile</a>) on 19 September. The early armed forces adopted many Prussian military traditions, and it was during this period that the Chilean military had many of its most famous victories. As a result, the drill features many 19th and early 20th century Prussian and German patterns. </p><p>Participating soldiers wear German-style <a href="/wiki/Stahlhelm" title="Stahlhelm">stahlhelm</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pickelhaube" title="Pickelhaube">pickelhaube</a> spiked helmets, and march in unaltered <a href="/wiki/Goose_step" title="Goose step">goose step</a>. Marching music consists of Central European marches, alongside several local compositions. Each <i>Parada Militar</i> on 19 September ends with a playing of <a href="/wiki/Preussischer_Pr%C3%A4sentiermarsch" title="Preussischer Präsentiermarsch">Preussischer Präsentiermarsch</a> (first played in 2018) and <a href="/wiki/Los_viejos_estandartes" class="mw-redirect" title="Los viejos estandartes">Los viejos estandartes</a> by a mounted band playing in the German tradition. </p><p>Pickelhaubes have long been worn by the Military School, and later by the 1st Cavalry Regiment and the 1st Artillery Regiment. The stahlhelm is worn only by the NCO School. </p><p>This is also the case for parades held on 18 September, Independence Day, in the local level, whenever Army units take part. </p><p>Several Army units wear on parade historical dress uniforms from the time of 19th-century battles, but do not march in the German manner: </p> <ul><li>1st Infantry Regiment "Buin" - Grenadier uniform of the 1st Infantry Battalion "Chilean Grenadiers"</li> <li>6th Reinforced Regiment "Chacabuco" - War of the Pacific French-styled uniform worn by the 4th Company, in recognition of its heroic final stand in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_La_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Battle of La Concepción">Battle of La Concepción</a></li> <li>4th Motorized Infantry Brigade "Rancagua" - War of the Pacific French-styled uniform worn by the Historical Company, similar to those worn by the regiment during the 1880 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arica" title="Battle of Arica">Battle of Arica</a></li> <li>3rd Cavalry Regiment "Hussars" - black dress uniform with shako worn only by the Demonstration Troop "Cuadro Negro", similar to those worn by its predecessors during the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_War_of_Independence" title="Chilean War of Independence">Chilean War of Independence</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_bands">Military bands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Military bands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg/220px-El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg/330px-El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg/440px-El_batall%C3%B3n_de_Granaderos_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_de_Chile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A mounted military band of the Chilean Army in 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>The Army Band Service is the <a href="/wiki/Military_band" title="Military band">military band</a> department of the army, operating through the Welfare Command. The massed bands of the capital are known as the <i>Gran Banda de la Guarnición de Santiago</i> (Grand Band of the Santiago Garrison), which is involved every 19 September with the <a href="/wiki/Great_Military_Parade_of_Chile" title="Great Military Parade of Chile">Great Military Parade of Chile</a>. When it was formed it had up to 550 musicians; since 1980 it has been reduced to about 295 musicians, with an attached <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_drums" title="Corps of drums">corps of drums</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main <a href="/wiki/Military_band" title="Military band">military band</a> in the army is the Concert Band of the Chilean Army. It was founded in 1963, and is the most senior army band, but is more of a <a href="/wiki/Concert_band" title="Concert band">concert band</a>, some of its musicians being seconded to the Military Academy. It reports to the Chief of the Bands Service. In 2000, it appeared in Rome on the occasion of the Military Music Jubilee. In 2004 and 2012, it participated in the <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City_International_Festival_of_Military_Bands" title="Quebec City International Festival of Military Bands">Quebec City International Festival of Military Bands</a> in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also visited Germany, Scotland, Uruguay, France and the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chilean Army has two <a href="/wiki/Mounted_band" title="Mounted band">mounted bands</a>: </p> <ul><li>Mounted Band and Bugles of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Cavalry_Regiment_(Chile)" title="1st Cavalry Regiment (Chile)">1st Cavalry Regiment "Grenadiers"</a> - It is the most senior band of the cavalry and armoured regiments of the army</li> <li>Band and Bugles of the 3rd Cavalry Regiment "Hussars"</li></ul> <p>Other bands include the band of the Army NCO School and the Bernardo O'Higgins Military Academy. Military bands in Chile have a <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_drums" title="Corps of drums">Corps of Drums</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_crescent" title="Turkish crescent">Turkish crescent</a> percussion instrument, similarly to German military bands. Departing from the German tradition is the presence of an added Bugle section behind the Corps of Drums, a tradition inherited from France and in the buglers of Imperial Germany, with the band's conductor being assisted by a bugle major who is placed either in front of the bugle section or if in a massed corps of drums behind the buglers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commanders-in-chief">Commanders-in-chief</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Commanders-in-chief"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Chilean_Army" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Army">List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Army</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Air_Force" title="Chilean Air Force">Chilean Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lautaro_Special_Operations_Brigade" title="Lautaro Special Operations Brigade">Lautaro Special Operations Brigade</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joao Resende-Santos in <i>Neorealism, States, and the Modern Mass Army</i> (page 3, 9-10) uses "emulation" instead of "prussianization" as a broader term. He says: "Crossnational emulation occurs in a wide variety of areas and by an equal variety of state and nonstate entities ... Emulation in all forms, by firms or states whether in economic or military areas is driven by the same pressures of competition and based in the same political criterion"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejercito.cl/?menu&cid=17">"Ejército de Chile"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150502235726/http://www.ejercito.cl/?menu&cid=17">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-05-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-05-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ej%C3%A9rcito+de+Chile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.cl%2F%3Fmenu%26cid%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Memoria2013-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria2013_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria2013_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria2013_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejercito.cl/descargador.php?file=1420740511_1196808278.pdf&path=documentos">"Memoria del Ejército de Chile 2013"</a>. 8 January 2015. p. 381. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150413141051/http://www.ejercito.cl/descargador.php?file=1420740511_1196808278.pdf&path=documentos">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Memoria+del+Ej%C3%A9rcito+de+Chile+2013&rft.pages=381&rft.date=2015-01-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.cl%2Fdescargador.php%3Ffile%3D1420740511_1196808278.pdf%26path%3Ddocumentos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ejercito.cl/noticias/Ministro%20de%20Defensa%20visita%20Cuartel%20General%20del%20Ej%C3%A9rcito-1243">"Ejército de Chile"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ej%C3%A9rcito+de+Chile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.cl%2Fnoticias%2FMinistro%2520de%2520Defensa%2520visita%2520Cuartel%2520General%2520del%2520Ej%25C3%25A9rcito-1243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cltoc.html">"About this Collection - Country Studies"</a>. <i>loc.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120524185929/lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/cltoc.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=loc.gov&rft.atitle=About+this+Collection+-+Country+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Ffrd%2Fcs%2Fcltoc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1981.htm">"Chile"</a>. <i>state.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=state.gov&rft.atitle=Chile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2009-2017.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F1981.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ejercito.cl/212-years-of-history">"212 years of history - section Army of the Kingdom of Chile"</a>. Ejército de Chile. 11 September 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081219201637/http://www.ejercito.cl/nuestro_ejercito/reino-chi.php">Archived</a> from the original on 2008-12-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=212+years+of+history+-+section+Army+of+the+Kingdom+of+Chile&rft.pub=Ej%C3%A9rcito+de+Chile&rft.date=1973-09-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.cl%2F212-years-of-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Memoria Chilena, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memoriachilena.cl/temas/dest.asp?id=armadaguardia">Guardia Nacional</a>, retrieved on 4 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rberto Hernández Ponce, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://revistahistoria.uc.cl/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/hernandez-roberto-19.pdf">La Guardia Nacional de Chile. Apuntes sobre su origen y organización, 1808-1848</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518094216/http://revistahistoria.uc.cl/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/hernandez-roberto-19.pdf">Archived</a> 2015-05-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Universidad Católica de Chile, retrieved on 4 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Resende-Santos|2007_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFResende-Santos2007">Resende-Santos 2007</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SaterHerwig1999-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SaterHerwig1999_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_F._SaterHolger_H._Herwig1999" class="citation book cs1">William F. Sater; Holger H. Herwig (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_zI01vr0XC4C&pg=PA204"><i>The Grand Illusion: The Prussianization of the Chilean Army</i></a>. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 204–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-2393-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-2393-5"><bdi>0-8032-2393-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Grand+Illusion%3A+The+Prussianization+of+the+Chilean+Army&rft.pages=204-&rft.pub=U+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8032-2393-5&rft.au=William+F.+Sater&rft.au=Holger+H.+Herwig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_zI01vr0XC4C%26pg%3DPA204&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Luis_Vitale-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Luis_Vitale_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Luis_Vitale_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Luis Vitale, <i>Intervenciones militares y poder fáctico en la política chilena, de 1830 al 2.000</i>, Santiago, 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Juan Bragassi H, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/notasdehistoria/las-milicias-republicanas-de-chile">Las Milicias Republicanas de Chile</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131010030616/https://sites.google.com/site/notasdehistoria/las-milicias-republicanas-de-chile">Archived</a> 2013-10-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, retrieved on 4 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-privada-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-privada_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSagredoGazmuri2005" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sagredo, Rafael; Gazmuri, Cristián, eds. (2005), <i>Historia de la vida privada en Chile</i> (in Spanish), vol. 3: El Chile contemporáneo. De 1925 a nuestros días (4th ed.), Santiago de Chile: Aguilar Chilena de Ediciones, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/956-239-337-2" title="Special:BookSources/956-239-337-2"><bdi>956-239-337-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+de+la+vida+privada+en+Chile&rft.place=Santiago+de+Chile&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Aguilar+Chilena+de+Ediciones&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=956-239-337-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DrakeJaksic1995-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DrakeJaksic1995_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_W._DrakeIvan_Jaksic1995" class="citation book cs1">Paul W. Drake; Ivan Jaksic (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pgXaOGlCCuAC&pg=PA41"><i>The Struggle for Democracy in Chile</i></a>. U of Nebraska Press. pp. 4–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-6600-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-6600-6"><bdi>0-8032-6600-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+Democracy+in+Chile&rft.pages=4-&rft.pub=U+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8032-6600-6&rft.au=Paul+W.+Drake&rft.au=Ivan+Jaksic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpgXaOGlCCuAC%26pg%3DPA41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kristina Mani, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/Lasa2003/ManiKristina.pdf">Democratization and Strategic Thinking: What the Militaries in Argentina and Chile Learned in the 1990s</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140301032816/http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/Lasa2003/ManiKristina.pdf">Archived</a> 2014-03-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Columbia University, 2003, retrieved on 4 August 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chile_Army-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chile_Army_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chile_Army_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120120051649/http://www.ejercito.cl/grados-y-distintivos.php">"Distintivos de grados"</a> [Badges of degrees]. <i>ejercito.cl</i> (in Spanish). Chilean Army. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejercito.cl/grados-y-distintivos.php">the original</a> on 20 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ejercito.cl&rft.atitle=Distintivos+de+grados&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.cl%2Fgrados-y-distintivos.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bienestarejercito.cl/ServicioBandas">"División de Bienestar"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Divisi%C3%B3n+de+Bienestar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bienestarejercito.cl%2FServicioBandas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comitedesfetes-saumur.fr/musiques-invite-es-2013-2011-p45.html">"Comité Permanent des Fêtes de Saumur - Festival 2011"</a>. <i>www.comitedesfetes-saumur.fr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.comitedesfetes-saumur.fr&rft.atitle=Comit%C3%A9+Permanent+des+F%C3%AAtes+de+Saumur+-+Festival+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.comitedesfetes-saumur.fr%2Fmusiques-invite-es-2013-2011-p45.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teatrooriente.cl/cartelera/banda-de-conciertos-del-ejercito-de-chile/">"Banda de Conciertos del Ejército de Chile – Teatro Oriente"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Banda+de+Conciertos+del+Ej%C3%A9rcito+de+Chile+%E2%80%93+Teatro+Oriente&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fteatrooriente.cl%2Fcartelera%2Fbanda-de-conciertos-del-ejercito-de-chile%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFResende-Santos2007" class="citation book cs1">Resende-Santos, Joao (2007). <i>Neorealism, States, and the Modern Mass Army</i>. New York: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-86948-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-86948-5"><bdi>978-0-521-86948-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neorealism%2C+States%2C+and+the+Modern+Mass+Army&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-521-86948-5&rft.aulast=Resende-Santos&rft.aufirst=Joao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBawden2016" class="citation book cs1">Bawden, John R (2016). <i>The Pinochet Generation: The Chilean Military in the Twentieth Century</i>. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0817319281" title="Special:BookSources/978-0817319281"><bdi>978-0817319281</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pinochet+Generation%3A+The+Chilean+Military+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.place=Tuscaloosa&rft.pub=University+of+Alabama+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0817319281&rft.aulast=Bawden&rft.aufirst=John+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_Army&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Army_of_Chile" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Army of Chile">Army of Chile</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejercito.cl/">Official Chilean Army site</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100828173143/http://www.ejercito.cl/nuestro_ejercito/grados.php"><i>Ranks of Chilean Army site</i></a>, Chilean Army website: Chilean Army, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejercito.cl/nuestro_ejercito/grados.php">the original</a> on 28 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ranks+of+Chilean+Army+site&rft.place=Chilean+Army+website&rft.pub=Chilean+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejercito.cl%2Fnuestro_ejercito%2Fgrados.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChilean+Army" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.org/asmp/campaigns/smallarms/lainven.html">Latin American Light Weapons National Inventories</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315104510/http://www.fas.org/asmp/campaigns/smallarms/lainven.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Chile&#124;link=Chile_Chilean_Armed_Forces" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FFAA_Chile" title="Template:FFAA 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2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Chile">Chilean Armed Forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Chilean Army"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Chilean Army" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/25px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/38px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="813" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ejército de Chile (Army)</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Chilean Navy"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Chilean Navy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="851" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Armada de Chile (Navy)</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Chilean Air Force"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Chilean Air Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="937" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Air_Force" title="Chilean Air Force">Fuerza Aérea de Chile (Air Force)</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Defence_(Chile)" title="Chief of the Joint Chiefs of Defence (Chile)">Chief of the Joint Chiefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Chilean_Army" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Army">Army Commander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Chilean_Navy" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Navy">Navy Commander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Chilean_Air_Force" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Air Force">Air force Commander</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile" title="Coat of arms of Chile"><img alt="Coat of arms of Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile.svg/35px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile.svg/53px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="388" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ranks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_ranks_and_insignia_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Army ranks and insignia of Chile">Army ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_ranks_and_insignia_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval ranks and insignia of Chile">Navy ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force ranks and insignia of Chile">Air force ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chile_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chile_topics" title="Template:Chile topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chile_topics" title="Template talk:Chile topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chile_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chile topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chile_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Chile-related_articles" title="Index of Chile-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chile" title="History of Chile">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Timeline" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Chilean_history" title="Timeline of Chilean history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehispanic_history_of_Chile" title="Prehispanic history of Chile">Prehispanic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Ante_Christum_natum" title="Ante Christum natum">ACN</a>–1536 <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">AD</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_Chile" title="Discovery of Chile">Spanish Discovery</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1536–1540)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Chile" title="Conquest of Chile">Spanish Conquest</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1540–1600)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Chile" title="Colonial Chile">Colonial</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1600–1810)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_War_of_Independence" title="Chilean War of Independence">Independence</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1810–1826)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_the_Chilean_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organization of the Chilean Republic (page does not exist)">Republic Organization</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1823–1831)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Republic" title="Conservative Republic">Conservative Republic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1831–1861)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Republic" title="Liberal Republic">Liberal Republic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1861–1891)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chile_during_the_Parliamentary_Era_(1891%E2%80%931925)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Chile during the Parliamentary Era (1891–1925)">Parliamentary Era</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1891–1925)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Republic_(1925%E2%80%931973)" title="Presidential Republic (1925–1973)">Presidential Republic</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1925–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_of_Chile_(1973%E2%80%931990)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–1990)">Pinochet Regime</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973–1990)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_transition_to_democracy" title="Chilean transition to democracy">Democracy Transition</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–Present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture_in_Chile" title="History of agriculture in Chile">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banditry_in_Chile" title="Banditry in Chile">Banditry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Chile" title="Economic history of Chile">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_expansionism" title="Chilean expansionism">Expansionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mining_in_Chile" title="History of mining in Chile">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_history_of_Chile" title="Maritime history of Chile">Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Chile" title="List of wars involving Chile">Wars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile" title="Coat of arms of Chile"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile_%28c%29.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chile_%28c%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile_%28c%29.svg/165px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chile_%28c%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Coat_of_arms_of_Chile_%28c%29.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chile_%28c%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="498" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Chile" title="Geography of Chile">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Chile" title="List of cities in Chile">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Chile" title="Climate of Chile">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Chile" title="List of earthquakes in Chile">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Chile" title="Environmental issues in Chile">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_Chile" title="List of extreme points of Chile">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fjords,_channels,_sounds_and_straits_of_Chile" title="List of fjords, channels, sounds and straits of Chile">Fjords, channels, sounds and straits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Chile" title="Geology of Chile">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Chile" title="List of islands of Chile">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Chile" title="List of national parks of Chile">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_regions_of_Chile" title="Natural regions of Chile">Natural regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Chile" title="Provinces of Chile">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Chile" title="Regions of Chile">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Chile" title="List of rivers of Chile">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Chile" title="List of lakes of Chile">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Chile" title="List of volcanoes in Chile">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_and_lightvessels_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lighthouses and lightvessels in Chile">Lighthouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Chile" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Chile">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Chile" title="Politics of Chile">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Chile" title="National Congress of Chile">National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Chile" title="Elections in Chile">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Chile" title="Foreign relations of Chile">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Chile">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Chile" title="List of political parties in Chile">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_Chile" title="Ministries of Chile">Ministries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Chile" title="Law of Chile">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Civil_Code" title="Chilean Civil Code">Civil Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1980" title="Chilean Constitution of 1980">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_history_of_Chile" title="Constitutional history of Chile">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Chile" title="Human rights in Chile">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Chile">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_Chile" title="Intersex rights in Chile">Intersex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carabineros_de_Chile" title="Carabineros de Chile">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Chile" title="Supreme Court of Chile">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Chile" title="Constitutional Court of Chile">Constitutional Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_General_of_Chile" title="Comptroller General of Chile">Comptroller General of Chile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Public safety</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carabineros_de_Chile" title="Carabineros de Chile">Carabineros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Gendarmerie" title="Chilean Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigations_Police_of_Chile" title="Investigations Police of Chile">Investigations Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Chile">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Air_Force" title="Chilean Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Chile)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Chile)">Ministry of Defence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Chile" title="Agriculture in Chile">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_in_Chile" title="Aquaculture in Chile">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Chile" title="Central Bank of Chile">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Chile" title="List of companies of Chile">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Chile" title="Energy in Chile">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Chile" title="Forestry in Chile">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_peso" title="Chilean peso">Peso <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Stock_Exchange" title="Santiago Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Chile" title="Mining in Chile">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Chile" title="Telecommunications in Chile">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Chile" title="Tourism in Chile">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Chile" title="Transport in Chile">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Chile" title="Category:Society of Chile">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" 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Chile">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Chile" title="Water supply and sanitation in Chile">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Chile" title="Women in Chile">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Chile" title="Culture of Chile">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arts_in_Chile" title="Category:Arts in Chile">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Beauty_pageants_in_Chile" title="Category:Beauty pageants in Chile">Beauty pageants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Chile" title="Cinema of Chile">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_cuisine" title="Chilean cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_literature" title="Chilean 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href="/wiki/Category:Chile" title="Category:Chile">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Chile" title="Portal:Chile">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Armies_of_the_Americas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Armies_in_America" title="Template:Armies in America"><abbr 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Army">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Army" title="Brazilian Army">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Army" title="Canadian Army">Canada</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Army_of_Colombia" title="National Army of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban Army">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Army" title="Dominican Army">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_Army" title="Ecuadorian Army">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Army" title="Salvadoran Army">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan Army">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Army" title="Haitian Army">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Honduran Army">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Army" title="Mexican Army">Mexico</a></li> <li><a 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Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Army" title="Royal Danish Army">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Military of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">Saint Martin, (Collectivity of)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox 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