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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cv.wikipedia.org&uselang=cv"><span>Нимелле пулӑшу</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81+%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Эпир сире, кӑна тума кирлех мар пулин те, аккаунт хатӗрлесе системӑна кӗме сӗнетпӗр"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Аккаунт хатӗрле</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81+%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Аккаунт хатӗрлесе кӗрӗр, анчах ку кирлех мар [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Кӗр</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Системӑна кӗменнисем валли хатӗрленӗ страницӑсем <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88%D1%83:%D0%9F%D1%83%D2%AB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D3%91%D1%88" aria-label="Тӳрлетесси пирки тӗплӗнрех"><span>ытларах пӗл</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ку IP адресран тунӑ тӳрлетӳсем [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Хывнӑ тӳпе</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%91_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="IP адресӑн сӳтсе яву страници [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Сӳтсе явни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Тупмалли" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Тупмалли</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пуҫламӑш</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Пурнăçĕпе_ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пурнăçĕпе_ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Пурнăçĕпе ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пурнăçĕпе_ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Шухăшлавĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Шухăшлавĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Шухăшлавĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Шухăшлавĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тĕп_хайлавĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тĕп_хайлавĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Тĕп хайлавĕсем</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Тĕп_хайлавĕсем-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Тĕп хайлавĕсем айри пая Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Тĕп_хайлавĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Пурнăçĕ_хыççăн_тухнă_хайлавĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пурнăçĕ_хыççăн_тухнă_хайлавĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Пурнăçĕ хыççăн тухнă хайлавĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пурнăçĕ_хыççăн_тухнă_хайлавĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хайлавĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хайлавĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Хайлавĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хайлавĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Вуламалли" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вуламалли"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Вуламалли</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вуламалли-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Каçăсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Каçăсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Каçăсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Каçăсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Тупмалли" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Томас Гоббс</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Урӑх чӗлхери статья патне куҫ. 107 чӗлхелли пур" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-107" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">107 чӗлхе</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B6%E1%88%9B%E1%88%B5_%E1%88%86%E1%89%A5%E1%88%B5" title="ቶማስ ሆብስ — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቶማስ ሆብስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="توماس هوبز — арап" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توماس هوبز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="توماس هوبز — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توماس هوبز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Hobbs" title="Tomas Hobbs — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tomas Hobbs" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Гоббс — башкирский" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Томас Гоббс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — балийский" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Гобс — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Томас Гобс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Хобс — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Томас Хобс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%B8" title="টমাস হব্‌স — бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টমাস হব্‌স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%BE%DB%86%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="تۆماس ھۆبز — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تۆماس ھۆبز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — нимӗҫ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нимӗҫ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A7%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%82" title="Τόμας Χομπς — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τόμας Χομπς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — акӑлчан" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="акӑлчан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="توماس هابز — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توماس هابز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — франци" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франци" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C" title="टॉमस हॉब्ज — Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="टॉमस हॉब्ज" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="суйласа илнĕ статьясем"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A1" title="תומאס הובס — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תומאס הובס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="टामस हाब्स — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टामस हाब्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD_%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%BD" title="Թոմաս Հոբս — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թոմաս Հոբս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%83%E3%83%96%E3%82%BA" title="トマス・ホッブズ — япони" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トマス・ホッブズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ტომას ჰობზი — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტომას ჰობზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Гоббс — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Томас Гоббс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಥಾಮಸ್ ಹಾಬ್ಸ್ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಥಾಮಸ್ ಹಾಬ್ಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%ED%99%89%EC%8A%A4" title="토머스 홉스 — корей" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="토머스 홉스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Гоббс — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Томас Гоббс" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="суйласа илнĕ статьясем"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbius" title="Thomas Hobbius — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Thomas Hobbius" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomass_Hobss" title="Tomass Hobss — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tomass Hobss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Хобс — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Томас Хобс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="തോമസ് ഹോബ്സ് — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തോമസ് ഹോബ്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="تامس هابز — мазандеранский" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تامس هابز" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — голланди" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голланди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B8" title="ਥਾਮਸ ਹੋਬਸ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਥਾਮਸ ਹੋਬਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — поляк" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="توماس هابز — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="توماس هابز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — португали" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81,_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Гоббс, Томас — вырӑс" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гоббс, Томас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="вырӑс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_hobis" title="Tomas hobis — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Tomas hobis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Хобс — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Томас Хобс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="суйласа илнĕ статьясем"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="தாமசு ஆபிசு — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாமசு ஆபிசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="థామస్ హాబ్స్ — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="థామస్ హాబ్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D2%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Ҳобс — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Томас Ҳобс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA_%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="โทมัส ฮอบส์ — тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โทมัส ฮอบส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Hobbes" title="Tomas Hobbes — туркменский" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Tomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — турккӑ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турккӑ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D2%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Һоббс — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Томас Һоббс" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Томас Гоббс — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Томас Гоббс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_Gobbs" title="Tomas Gobbs — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tomas Gobbs" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="суйласа илнĕ статьясем"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="托马斯·霍布斯 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="托马斯·霍布斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="თომას ჰობსი — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თომას ჰობსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="托马斯·霍布斯 — китай" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托马斯·霍布斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thomas Hobbes" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%E8%B3%80%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="湯瑪斯賀布斯 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="湯瑪斯賀布斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37621#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Чӗлхесем хушшинчи каҫӑсем" class="wbc-editpage">Каҫӑсене тӳрлет</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ятсен уҫлӑхӗ"> <div 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81+%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81"><span>Кĕнеке тумалли</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF пек уҫласа ил</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&printable=yes" title="Ҫак страницӑн пичет версийӗ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Пичет версийĕ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ытти проектсенче </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" hreflang="en"><span>Викисклад</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q37621" title="Ссылка на связанный элемент репозитория данных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata элеменчӗ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Курӑнакан калӑплав</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">пытар</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">«Википеди» ирĕклĕ энциклопединчи материал</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cv" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" cellspacing="3" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width: 23em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;">Томас Гоббс</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="nickname" style="text-align:center; font-style: oblique;">Thomas Hobbes</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P18" class="no-wikidata"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_%282%29.jpg/200px-Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_%282%29.jpg/300px-Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_%282%29.jpg/400px-Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2900" /></a></span></span> </td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Çуралнă вăхăт:</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/1588" title="1588">1588</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0,_5" title="Ака, 5">ака, 5</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Çуралнă вырăн:</th> <td class="" style=""> Малмсбери, Уилтшир, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Англи">Англи</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Вилнĕ вăхăт:</th> <td class="" style=""> <a href="/wiki/1679" title="1679">1679</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2,_4" title="Раштав, 4">раштав, 4</a> (91 çул)</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Вилнĕ вырăн:</th> <td class="" style=""> Дербишир, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Англи">Англи</a></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Патшалăх:</th> <td class="adr" style=""> <p><span class="country-name"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Томас Гоббс"><img alt="Томас Гоббс" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span></p> </td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Ăслăх сфери:</th> <td class="" style=""> Эмпиризм, Пĕрлĕхлĕ килĕшÿ</td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_(1651),_title_page_-_BL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_%281651%29%2C_title_page_-_BL.jpg/220px-Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_%281651%29%2C_title_page_-_BL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_%281651%29%2C_title_page_-_BL.jpg/330px-Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_%281651%29%2C_title_page_-_BL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_%281651%29%2C_title_page_-_BL.jpg/440px-Leviathan_-_Hobbes%27_Leviathan_%281651%29%2C_title_page_-_BL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="1574" /></a><figcaption>«Левиафан, или Материя, форма и власть государства церковного и гражданского», 1651</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Томас Гоббс</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Акăлчан чĕлхи">акăл.</a> <i><span lang="en">Thomas Hobbes</span></i>, (5 ака 1588, Малмсбери, Уилтшир, Англи — 4 раштав 1679, Дербишир, Англи) — XVII-мĕш ĕмĕрти анкăл философĕ-материалистĕ, пĕрлĕхлĕ килĕшÿ тата патшалăх пăхăнмаллăх вĕрентĕвне никĕслекенсен пĕри. Платон, Аристотель, Гроций, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Бэкон Фрэнсис">Фрэнсис Бэкон</a> философĕсенчен сĕм илнĕ. Этика, теологи, физика, геометри тата историре сарăлнă пĕлтерĕшлĕ шухăшлавсемпе паллă. </p><p>Гоббс ĕçĕсем <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA" title="Джон Локк">Джон Локк</a>, Жан-Жак Руссо çине вăйлă витĕм хунă. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пурнăçĕпе_ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.83.D1.80.D0.BD.C4.83.C3.A7.C4.95.D0.BF.D0.B5_.C4.95.C3.A7.C4.95-.D1.85.C4.95.D0.BB.C4.95"></span>Пурнăçĕпе ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Пурнăçĕпе ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Пурнăçĕпе ĕçĕ-хĕлĕ»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Глостершир графсен таврашĕнче çуралнă, тарăн пĕлÿпе уйрăлса тăман, чиркÿ алăкĕ патĕнче кÿршĕллĕ викарипе тавлашнă пирки ĕçсĕр юлнă, чăкраш кăмăллă çылăха каçарттараканăн кил-йышĕнче çуралнă. Пуян мучĕш пăхса ÿстернĕ. Авалхи çыравлăха тата чĕлхесене лайăх пĕлнĕ. Вунпиллĕкре вăл <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%C4%95" title="Оксфорд университечĕ">Оксфорд университетне</a> вĕренме кĕнĕ, унтан вăл 1608-мĕш çулта вĕренсе тухнă. </p><p>1608-мĕш çулта Уильям Кавендиш аслă ывăлĕн, Уильямăн, Гардвик баронĕ, (каярах Девоншир таврашĕн пĕрремĕш графĕ) вĕрентекенĕ пулса тăрать. Пурнăçĕ тăрăшшипех хăйĕн вĕрентекенĕпе, каярах хÿтлевçипе тачă çыхăну тытнă. Ăна пула Бено Джонсонпа, Фрэнсис Бэконпа, Герберт Чарберсипе тата ытти пайăр çынсемпе паллашнă. 1628-мĕш çулта Уильям Кавендиш (1626-мĕш çулта Девоншир графăн ятне илнĕ), вилнĕ хыççăн Гоббс Джервейс Клифтон сэрăн ывăлĕн, каярах хăйĕн ватă хуçин, Кавендишăн ывăлĕн вĕрентекенĕ пулса тăрать, унпа пĕрле вăл Италине çулçÿрев тытать (унта 1636-мĕш çулта Галилео Галилейпа тĕл пулать). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Шухăшлавĕсем"><span id=".D0.A8.D1.83.D1.85.C4.83.D1.88.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B2.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Шухăшлавĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Шухăшлавĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Шухăшлавĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Гобб патшалăх çинчен «пурне те хирĕç вăрçă» пек шутланă, механи материализмин пĕрремĕш системине йĕркелесе вĕçленĕ. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Патшалăх">Патшалăх</a> йĕркинче Гоббс виçĕ калăпăш уйăрать: демократи, аристократи тата монархи. </p><p>Демократине вăл ырламан, тĕрлĕ партисем пулни граждан вăрçи патне илсе пырать тенĕ. Аристократи лайăхрах, анчах вăл халăх ертсе пыни мар. Патшалăхăн чи лайăх калăпăшĕ ун шучĕпе — монархи, вăл пуринчен ытларах туллин те пайланми влаç пулса тăрать. Гоббс шухăшлавĕсем çине Ф. Бэкон, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Галилео Галилей">Галилео Галилей</a>, П. Гассенди, Р. Декарт тата И. Кеплер пĕлтерĕшлĕ сĕм хунă. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тĕп_хайлавĕсем"><span id=".D0.A2.C4.95.D0.BF_.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B2.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Тĕп хайлавĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Тĕп хайлавĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «Тĕп хайлавĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic (1640)</li> <li>Treatise on Human Nature (1650)</li> <li>Philosophicall Rudiments concerning Government and Society (публикация английского перевода с латинского «De Cive») (1651)</li> <li>Философская трилогия «Основы философии»:</li> <li>«О теле» (1655);</li> <li>«О человеке» (1658);</li> <li>«О гражданине» (1642);</li> <li>«Левиафан, или Материя, форма и власть государства церковного и гражданского» (1651, вырăсла куçарни — 1936).</li> <li>Letters upon Liberty and Necessity (1654)</li> <li>The Questions concerning Liberty, Necessity and Chance (1656)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Пурнăçĕ_хыççăн_тухнă_хайлавĕсем"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.83.D1.80.D0.BD.C4.83.C3.A7.C4.95_.D1.85.D1.8B.C3.A7.C3.A7.C4.83.D0.BD_.D1.82.D1.83.D1.85.D0.BD.C4.83_.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B2.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Пурнăçĕ хыççăн тухнă хайлавĕсем</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Пурнăçĕ хыççăн тухнă хайлавĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «Пурнăçĕ хыççăн тухнă хайлавĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A Dialogue between a Philosopher and a Student of the Common Laws of England (написаны в 1666 году, опубликованы в 1681 году)</li> <li>Behemoth, or The Long Parliament (написан в 1668 году, опубликованы в 1681 году)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хайлавĕсем"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B2.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Хайлавĕсем</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Хайлавĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «Хайлавĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Opera philosophica, quae latine scripsit…, ed. W. Molesworth, v. 1-5. — L., 1839-45.</li> <li>The English works, ed. by W. Molesworth, v. 1-11. — L., 1839-45</li></ul> <p>Вырăсла куçарнисем: </p> <ul><li>Избранные сочинения, т. 1-2. — М. — Л., 1926.</li> <li>Избранные произведения, т. 1-2. — М., 1964 (Философское наследие, Т. 7, 8).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Вуламалли"><span id=".D0.92.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B8"></span>Вуламалли</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Вуламалли пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать код раздела «Вуламалли»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ческис А. А. Томас Гоббс. — М., 1929.</li> <li>«Под знаменем марксизма». — 1938. — № 6. (статьи Б. Э. Быховского, Л. Германа, М. Петросовой, Д. Бихдрикера).</li> <li>Мееровский Б. В. Гоббс. — М.: Мысль, 1975. — 208 с. — (Мыслители прошлого). — 50 000 экз.</li> <li>Мележик И. Н. Понятие, происхождение и природа государства в политическом учении Т. Гоббса. // Актуальные проблемы истории политических и правовых учений. — М., 1990. — С. 104—122.</li> <li>Михаленко Ю. П. Гоббс и Фукидид (о месте Гоббса в позднем английском Возрождении)// Историко-философский ежегодник. — М., 1986. — С. 104—124.</li> <li>Немченко И.В. Томас Гоббс о причинах и характере английской революции середины 17 в. // Записки історичного факультету Одеського державного університету ім. І.І. Мечникова. - Одеса, 1999. - Вип. 9. - С. 233-246.</li> <li>Тесля А. А. Абсолютизм государства: политическая философия Томаса Гоббса. — 2006.</li> <li>Tönnies F. Thomas Hobbes, der Mann und der Denker. — Osterwieck, 1912.</li> <li>Polin R. Politique et philosophie chez Thomas Hobbes. — P., 1952.</li> <li>Peters R. Hobbes. — L., 1956.</li> <li>Piotrowski R.: Od materii Świata do materii Państwa. Z filozofii Tomasza Hobbesa. — Kraków, 2000.</li> <li>Hobbes studies, ed. by K. C. Brown. — Oxford, 1965.</li> <li>McNeilly F. S. The anatomy of Leviathan. — N. Y. — L., 1968.</li> <li>Gauthier D. P. The logic of Leviathan. — Oxford, 1969.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Каçăсем"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.C3.A7.C4.83.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Каçăсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Каçăсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&section=7" title="Редактировать код раздела «Каçăсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks navigation-box" style="margin:0 0 1em 1em; clear:right; border:solid #aaa 1px; background:#f9f9f9; padding:1ex; font-size:90%; float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Museum_of_Modern_Art_(New_York_City)" title="commons:Category:Museum of Modern Art (New York City)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </th> <td><span class="wikicommons-ref"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Museum_of_Modern_Art_(New_York_City)?uselang=cv">Томас Гоббс</a></span> Викиампарта<sup style="line-height:0;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Викиампар">?</a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.ru/FILOSOF/GOBBS/">Томас Гоббс</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%C4%83%D1%88%C4%95" title="Максим Мошков вулавăшĕ">Максим Мошков вулавăшĕнче</a></li> <li><i>Гоббс Т.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philosophy.ru/library/hobbes/ogl.html">«Левиафан»</a> Библиотека ИФ РАН</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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