perltw - 正體中文 Perl 指南

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Unicode 是國際性的標準, 試圖涵蓋世界上所有的字符: 西方世界, 東方世界, 以及兩者間的一切 (希臘文, 敘利亞文, 阿拉伯文, 希伯來文, 印度文, 印地安文, 等等). 它也容納了多種作業系統與平臺 (如 PC 及麥金塔).</p> <p>Perl 本身以 Unicode 進行操作. 這表示 Perl 內部的字串資料可用 Unicode 表示; Perl 的函式與算符 (例如正規表示式比對) 也能對 Unicode 進行操作. 在輸入及輸出時, 為了處理以 Unicode 之前的編碼方式儲存的資料, Perl 提供了 Encode 這個模組, 可以讓你輕易地讀取及寫入舊有的編碼資料.</p> <p>Encode 延伸模組支援下列正體中文的編碼方式 ('big5' 表示 'big5-eten'):</p> <pre><code class="plaintext">big5-eten Big5 編碼 (含倚天延伸字形) big5-hkscs Big5 + 香港外字集, 2001 年版 cp950 字碼頁 950 (Big5 + 微軟添加的字符)</code></pre> <p>舉例來說, 將 Big5 編碼的檔案轉成 Unicode, 祗需鍵入下列指令:</p> <pre><code>perl -MEncode -pe '$_= encode( utf8 => decode( big5 => $_ ) )' \ < file.big5 > file.utf8</code></pre> <p>Perl 也內附了 "piconv", 一支完全以 Perl 寫成的字符轉換工具程式, 用法如下:</p> <pre><code class="plaintext">piconv -f big5 -t utf8 < file.big5 > file.utf8 piconv -f utf8 -t big5 < file.utf8 > file.big5</code></pre> <p>另外，若程式碼本身以 utf8 編碼儲存，配合使用 utf8 模組，可讓程式碼中字串以及其運算皆以字符為單位，而不以位元為單位，如下所示：</p> <pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env perl use utf8; print length("駱駝"); # 2 (不是 6) print index("諄諄教誨", "教誨"); # 2 (從 0 起算第 2 個字符)</code></pre> <h2 id="額外的中文編碼"><a class="permalink" href="#%E9%A1%8D%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%B7%A8%E7%A2%BC">#</a><a id="pod"></a>額外的中文編碼</h2> <p>如果需要更多的中文編碼, 可以從 CPAN (<a href="https://www.cpan.org/">https://www.cpan.org/</a>) 下載 Encode::HanExtra 模組. 它目前提供下列編碼方式:</p> <pre><code class="plaintext">cccii 1980 年文建會的中文資訊交換碼 euc-tw Unix 延伸字符集, 包含 CNS11643 平面 1-7 big5plus 中文數位化技術推廣基金會的 Big5+ big5ext 中文數位化技術推廣基金會的 Big5e</code></pre> <p>另外, Encode::HanConvert 模組則提供了簡繁轉換用的兩種編碼:</p> <pre><code class="plaintext">big5-simp Big5 正體中文與 Unicode 簡體中文互轉 gbk-trad GBK 簡體中文與 Unicode 正體中文互轉</code></pre> <p>若想在 GBK 與 Big5 之間互轉, 請參考該模組內附的 b2g.pl 與 g2b.pl 兩支程式, 或在程式內使用下列寫法:</p> <pre><code>use Encode::HanConvert; $euc_cn = big5_to_gb($big5); # 從 Big5 轉為 GBK $big5 = gb_to_big5($euc_cn); # 從 GBK 轉為 Big5</code></pre> <h2 id="進一步的資訊"><a class="permalink" href="#%E9%80%B2%E4%B8%80%E6%AD%A5%E7%9A%84%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A">#</a><a id="pod1"></a>進一步的資訊</h2> <p>請參考 Perl 內附的大量說明文件 (不幸全是用英文寫的), 來學習更多關於 Perl 的知識, 以及 Unicode 的使用方式. 不過, 外部的資源相當豐富:</p> <h2 id="提供-Perl-資源的網址"><a class="permalink" href="#%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B-Perl-%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E7%9A%84%E7%B6%B2%E5%9D%80">#</a><a id="提供"></a><a id="Perl"></a>提供 Perl 資源的網址</h2> <dl> <dt id="https://www.perl.org/"><a class="permalink" href="#https://www.perl.org/">#</a><a id="https"></a><a id="https:-www.perl.org"></a><a href="https://www.perl.org/">https://www.perl.org/</a></dt> <dd> <p>Perl 的首頁</p> </dd> <dt id="https://www.perl.com/"><a class="permalink" href="#https://www.perl.com/">#</a><a id="https1"></a><a id="https:-www.perl.com"></a><a href="https://www.perl.com/">https://www.perl.com/</a></dt> <dd> <p>由 Perl 基金會所營運的文章輯錄</p> </dd> <dt id="https://www.cpan.org/"><a class="permalink" href="#https://www.cpan.org/">#</a><a id="https2"></a><a id="https:-www.cpan.org"></a><a href="https://www.cpan.org/">https://www.cpan.org/</a></dt> <dd> <p>Perl 綜合典藏網 (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network)</p> </dd> <dt id="https://lists.perl.org/"><a class="permalink" href="#https://lists.perl.org/">#</a><a id="https3"></a><a id="https:-lists.perl.org"></a><a href="https://lists.perl.org/">https://lists.perl.org/</a></dt> <dd> <p>Perl 郵遞論壇一覽</p> </dd> </dl> <h2 id="學習-Perl-的網址"><a class="permalink" href="#%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92-Perl-%E7%9A%84%E7%B6%B2%E5%9D%80">#</a><a id="學習"></a><a id="Perl1"></a>學習 Perl 的網址</h2> <dl> <dt id="http://www.oreilly.com.tw/product_perl.php?id=index_perl"><a class="permalink" href="#http://www.oreilly.com.tw/product_perl.php?id=index_perl">#</a><a id="http"></a><a id="http:-www.oreilly.com.tw-product_perl.php-id-index_perl"></a><a href="http://www.oreilly.com.tw/product_perl.php?id=index_perl">http://www.oreilly.com.tw/product_perl.php?id=index_perl</a></dt> <dd> <p>正體中文版的歐萊禮 Perl 書藉</p> </dd> </dl> <h2 id="Perl-使用者集會"><a class="permalink" href="#Perl-%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%80%85%E9%9B%86%E6%9C%83">#</a><a id="Perl2"></a>Perl 使用者集會</h2> <dl> <dt id="https://www.pm.org/groups/taiwan.html"><a class="permalink" href="#https://www.pm.org/groups/taiwan.html">#</a><a id="https4"></a><a id="https:-www.pm.org-groups-taiwan.html"></a><a href="https://www.pm.org/groups/taiwan.html">https://www.pm.org/groups/taiwan.html</a></dt> <dd> <p>臺灣 Perl 推廣組一覽</p> </dd> <dt id="irc://irc.freenode.org/#perl.tw"><a class="permalink" href="#irc://irc.freenode.org/%23perl.tw">#</a><a id="irc"></a><a id="irc:-irc.freenode.org-perl.tw"></a><a href="irc://irc.freenode.org/#perl.tw">irc://irc.freenode.org/#perl.tw</a></dt> <dd> <p>Perl.tw 線上聊天室</p> </dd> </dl> <h2 id="Unicode-相關網址"><a class="permalink" href="#Unicode-%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E7%B6%B2%E5%9D%80">#</a><a id="Unicode"></a>Unicode 相關網址</h2> <dl> <dt id="https://www.unicode.org/"><a class="permalink" href="#https://www.unicode.org/">#</a><a id="https5"></a><a id="https:-www.unicode.org"></a><a href="https://www.unicode.org/">https://www.unicode.org/</a></dt> <dd> <p>Unicode 學術學會 (Unicode 標準的制定者)</p> </dd> <dt id="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Emgk25/unicode.html"><a class="permalink" href="#http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%257Emgk25/unicode.html">#</a><a id="http1"></a><a id="http:-www.cl.cam.ac.uk-7Emgk25-unicode.html"></a><a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Emgk25/unicode.html">http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Emgk25/unicode.html</a></dt> <dd> <p>Unix/Linux 上的 UTF-8 及 Unicode 答客問</p> </dd> </dl> <h2 id="中文化資訊"><a class="permalink" href="#%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A">#</a><a id="pod2"></a>中文化資訊</h2> <dl> <dt id="中文化軟體聯盟"><a class="permalink" href="#%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F">#</a><a id="pod3"></a>中文化軟體聯盟</dt> <dd> <p><a href="http://www.cpatch.org/">http://www.cpatch.org/</a></p> </dd> </dl> <h1 id="SEE-ALSO"><a class="permalink" href="#SEE-ALSO">#</a><a id="SEE"></a>SEE ALSO</h1> <p><a href="/5.32.0/Encode">Encode</a>, <a href="/5.32.0/Encode::TW">Encode::TW</a>, <a href="/5.32.0/perluniintro">perluniintro</a>, <a href="/5.32.0/perlunicode">perlunicode</a></p> <h1 id="AUTHORS"><a class="permalink" href="#AUTHORS">#</a>AUTHORS</h1> <p>Jarkko Hietaniemi <jhi@iki.fi></p> <p>Audrey Tang (唐鳳) <audreyt@audreyt.org></p> </div> <div id="footer"> <p>Perldoc Browser is maintained by Dan Book (<a href="https://metacpan.org/author/DBOOK">DBOOK</a>). 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Please contact them via the <a href="https://github.com/Perl/perl5/issues">Perl issue tracker</a>, the <a href="https://lists.perl.org/list/perl5-porters.html">mailing list</a>, or <a href="https://kiwiirc.com/client/irc.perl.org/p5p">IRC</a> to report any issues with the contents or format of the documentation.</p> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.slim.min.js" integrity="sha512-/DXTXr6nQodMUiq+IUJYCt2PPOUjrHJ9wFrqpJ3XkgPNOZVfMok7cRw6CSxyCQxXn6ozlESsSh1/sMCTF1rL/g==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.16.1/umd/popper.min.js" integrity="sha512-ubuT8Z88WxezgSqf3RLuNi5lmjstiJcyezx34yIU2gAHonIi27Na7atqzUZCOoY4CExaoFumzOsFQ2Ch+I/HCw==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-B4gt1jrGC7Jh4AgTPSdUtOBvfO8shuf57BaghqFfPlYxofvL8/KUEfYiJOMMV+rV" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="/js/highlight.pack.js"></script> <script>hljs.highlightAll();</script> </body> </html>

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