CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>1582 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6bb41c42-5552-4461-8d32-645d23ed53fe","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"1582","wgTitle":"1582","wgCurRevisionId":1273257814,"wgRevisionId":1273257814,"wgArticleId":34868,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from March 2011","1582"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"1582","wgRelevantArticleId":34868,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q6719","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.20"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="633"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png/800px-Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="422"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png/640px-Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="338"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="1582 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-1582 rootpage-1582 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=1582" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=1582" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=1582" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=1582" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Events subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-January–March" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–March"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>January–March</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–March-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April–June" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April–June"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>April–June</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April–June-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-July–September" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#July–September"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>July–September</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-July–September-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-October–December" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#October–December"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>October–December</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-October–December-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Date_unknown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Date_unknown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Date unknown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Date_unknown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Births</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Births-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1582</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 149 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-149" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">149 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1582 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1582 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="1582 թուական – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="1582 թուական" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B8%DB%B2_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۵۸۲ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۵۸۲ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8" title="১৫৮২ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৫৮২" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_n%C3%AE" title="1582 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1582 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582." title="1582. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1582." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B8%DB%B2_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۵۸۲ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۵۸۲ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%E5%B9%B4" title="1582年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1582年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582-ngi%C3%A8n" title="1582-ngièn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="1582-ngièn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%EB%85%84" title="1582년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1582년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8" title="१५८२ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१५८२" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582." title="1582. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1582." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AE%E0%A7%A8" title="মারি ১৫৮২ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৫৮২" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1582-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1582-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1582 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1582 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1582 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1582 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_(almanak_gregoryen)" title="1582 (almanak gregoryen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1582 (almanak gregoryen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%D0%B8" title="1582 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1582 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582._gads" title="1582. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1582. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_m." title="1582 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1582 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8" title="१५८२ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१५८२" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8" title="इ.स. १५८२ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १५८२" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B8%DB%B2" title="۱۵۸۲ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۵۸۲" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1582 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1582 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%85%E1%81%88%E1%81%82" title="၁၅၈၂ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၅၈၂" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8" title="सन् १५८२ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १५८२" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%E5%B9%B4" title="1582年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1582年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%AE%E0%AD%A8" title="୧୫୮୨ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୫୮୨" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8" title="१५८२ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१५८२" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1582 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1582 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AE%E0%A5%A8" title="१५८२ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१५८२" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%D8%B9" title="1582ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1582ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A5%D9%A8%D9%A2" title="١٥٨٢ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٥٨٢" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582." title="1582. – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1582." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1582 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1582 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2125" title="พ.ศ. 2125 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2125" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1582" title="Соли 1582 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1582" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%D8%A1" title="1582ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1582ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%94%E5%85%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4" title="一五八二年 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="一五八二年" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%E5%B9%B4" title="1582年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1582年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%E5%B9%B4" title="1582年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1582年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582%E5%B9%B4" title="1582年 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1582年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582" title="1582 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1582" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6719#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1582" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:1582" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1582"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1582"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/1582" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/1582" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&oldid=1273257814" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=1582&id=1273257814&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1582"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1582"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=1582&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1582" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/1582" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6719" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Common year in the 16th century</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Years</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Millennium</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Centuries</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15th_century" title="15th century">15th century</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Decades</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1560s" title="1560s">1560s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1570s" title="1570s">1570s</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1580s" title="1580s">1580s</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1590s" title="1590s">1590s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1600s_(decade)" title="1600s (decade)">1600s</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1579" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1579">1579</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1580" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1580">1580</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1581" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1581">1581</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/AD_1582" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1582">1582</a> </b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1583" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1583">1583</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1584" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1584">1584</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1585" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1585">1585</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_nav" title="Template:Year nav"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Year_nav" title="Template talk:Year nav"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Year_nav" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Year nav"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png/250px-Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png/375px-Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png/500px-Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png 2x" data-file-width="887" data-file-height="468" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a>: The day after October 4, 1582, is designated October 15 by order of Pope Gregory XIII</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Honnoj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Honnoj.jpg/250px-Honnoj.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Honnoj.jpg/375px-Honnoj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Honnoj.jpg/500px-Honnoj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="1565" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a>: Japanese warlord <a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a> assassinated in "<a href="/wiki/Incident_at_Honn%C5%8D-ji" class="mw-redirect" title="Incident at Honnō-ji">incident at Honnō-ji</a>"</figcaption></figure> <p><b>1582</b> (<b><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDLXXXII</a></b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Monday" title="Common year starting on Monday">common year starting on Monday</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Friday" title="Common year starting on Friday">common year starting on Friday</a> (link will display full calendar) of the <a href="/wiki/Proleptic_Gregorian_calendar" title="Proleptic Gregorian calendar">Proleptic Gregorian calendar</a>. This year saw the beginning of the <b><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> switch</b>, when the <a href="/wiki/Papal_bull" title="Papal bull">papal bull</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Inter_gravissimas" title="Inter gravissimas">Inter gravissimas</a></i> introduced the Gregorian calendar, adopted by Spain, Portugal, the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> and most of present-day Italy from the start. In these countries, the year continued as normal through Thursday, <a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a>; the next day became Friday, <a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a>, like a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Friday" title="Common year starting on Friday">common year starting on Friday</a>. France followed two months later, letting Sunday, <a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">December 9</a> be followed by Monday, <a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a>. Other countries continued using the Julian calendar, switching calendars in later years, and the complete conversion to the Gregorian calendar was not entirely done until 1923. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March"><span id="January.E2.80.93March"></span>January–March</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2" title="January 2">January 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="University of Würzburg">University of Würzburg</a> is refounded.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a> – <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> cedes its conquered areas in <a href="/wiki/Livonia" title="Livonia">Livonia</a> (Northern <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> and Southern <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>), to the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_10" title="February 10">February 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois,_Duke_of_Anjou" class="mw-redirect" title="François, Duke of Anjou">François, Duke of Anjou</a>, arrives in the Netherlands, where he is personally welcomed by <a href="/wiki/William_the_Silent" title="William the Silent">William the Silent</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_24" title="February 24">February 24</a> (Julian) (March 6 Gregorian) – <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XIII" title="Pope Gregory XIII">Pope Gregory XIII</a> proclaims the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a>, to come into effect in October. Under the order, the date on the Julian calendar will be advanced by 10 days in order to synchronize the calendar date back to the equinoxes and solstices, since the gap has been increasing by one day every 100 years since the <a href="/wiki/6th_century" title="6th century">6th century</a> and is 10 days off schedule.<sup id="cite_ref-calendar_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-calendar-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_9" title="March 9">March 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Scryer" class="mw-redirect" title="Scryer">Scryer</a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Kelley" title="Edward Kelley">Edward Kelley</a> arrives at <a href="/wiki/John_Dee" title="John Dee">John Dee</a>'s house in London. They practice angelic magic together and Dee develops the <a href="/wiki/Enochian" title="Enochian">Enochian</a> language.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March" title="March">March</a> – The <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Douai-Rheims_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Douai-Rheims Bible">Douai Bible</a></i>, the translation into <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> by <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Martin_(scholar)" title="Gregory Martin (scholar)">Father Gregory Martin</a> from <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> of the New Testament, for use in the Roman Catholic Church, is published. Martin had started his work on October 16, 1578.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June"><span id="April.E2.80.93June"></span>April–June</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_2" title="April 2">April 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/1582_Ancuancu_earthquake" title="1582 Ancuancu earthquake">1582 Ancuancu earthquake</a>: Ancuancu (in modern-day <a href="/wiki/La_Paz_Department,_Bolivia" class="mw-redirect" title="La Paz Department, Bolivia">La Paz Department</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>) is struck by an earthquake that reportedly buries all of the inhabitants, except for one chief, who reportedly loses the ability to speak.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the place where the village had stood, the Jacha Kalla (<a href="/wiki/Achocalla" title="Achocalla">Achocalla</a>) valley is formed as a result of the earthquake.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">April 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Temmokuzan" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Temmokuzan">Battle of Temmokuzan</a>: Unable to reverse the collapse of <a href="/wiki/Takeda_clan" title="Takeda clan">Takeda clan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Takeda_Katsuyori" title="Takeda Katsuyori">Takeda Katsuyori</a> and his household commit suicide.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">April 14</a> – King <a href="/wiki/James_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="James VI">James VI</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a> signs a charter creating the Tounis College, which becomes the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> conquistador <a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Lerma" title="Hernando de Lerma">Hernando de Lerma</a> founds the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Salta" title="Salta">Salta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_17" title="April 17">April 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Takamatsu" title="Siege of Takamatsu">Siege of Takamatsu</a>: In Japan, <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> departs from the <a href="/wiki/Himeji_Castle" title="Himeji Castle">Himeji Castle</a> in the modern-day <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo Prefecture</a> and begins his march westward with 20,000 soldiers to the <a href="/wiki/Bitch%C5%AB_Province" title="Bitchū Province">Bitchū Province</a> in the modern-day <a href="/wiki/Okayama_Prefecture" title="Okayama Prefecture">Okayama Prefecture</a>. Along the way, he stops at the <a href="/wiki/Kameyama_Castle_(Okayama)" title="Kameyama Castle (Okayama)">Kameyama Castle</a> where he makes a rendezvous with the <a href="/wiki/Ukita_clan" title="Ukita clan">Ukita clan</a> and 10,000 additional forces before proceeding toward the Takamatsu Castle.<sup id="cite_ref-Sansom_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sansom-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">May 17</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Takamatsu" title="Siege of Takamatsu">Siege of Takamatsu</a> begins as Hideyoshi attacks the forces of <a href="/wiki/Shimizu_Muneharu" title="Shimizu Muneharu">Shimizu Muneharu</a>, who has twice as many soldiers. Hideyhoshi orders an engineering project to block the Ashimori River and divert its waters to flood Takamatsu Castle.<sup id="cite_ref-Sansom_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sansom-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_8" title="June 8">June 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Takamatsu" title="Siege of Takamatsu">Siege of Takamatsu</a>: Heavy rains and the dikes built by Hideyoshi's forces turn the area around Takamatsu Castle into a lake.<sup id="cite_ref-Sansom_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sansom-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> – (2nd day of the sixth month, <a href="/wiki/Tensh%C5%8D_(Momoyama_period)" title="Tenshō (Momoyama period)">Tenshō</a> 10) The <a href="/wiki/Honn%C5%8D-ji_Incident" title="Honnō-ji Incident">Honnō-ji Incident</a> occurs in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, as Japanese warlord <a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a>, on the verge of unifying Japan under his rule, is assassinated following a betrayal by a rebel subject, <a href="/wiki/Akechi_Mitsuhide" title="Akechi Mitsuhide">Akechi Mitsuhide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-toyokeizai167293_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toyokeizai167293-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> – After learning of the assassination of his commander, Oda Nobunaga, <a href="/wiki/Shimizu_Muneharu" title="Shimizu Muneharu">Shimizu Muneharu</a> surrenders Takamatsu Castle to Toyotomi Hideyoshi and, in return for the pledge that the castle's defenders will be spared, commits the ritual suicide of <a href="/wiki/Seppuku" title="Seppuku">seppuku</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September"><span id="July.E2.80.93September"></span>July–September</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yamazaki" title="Battle of Yamazaki">Battle of Yamazaki</a>: Counterattacking forces led by <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> decisively defeat <a href="/wiki/Akechi_Mitsuhide" title="Akechi Mitsuhide">Akechi Mitsuhide</a>'s smaller army; Akechi is killed while retreating to his domain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_26" title="July 26">July 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ponta_Delgada" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Ponta Delgada">Battle of Ponta Delgada</a> (<a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Portuguese_Succession" title="War of the Portuguese Succession">War of the Portuguese Succession</a>): Spanish admiral <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Baz%C3%A1n,_1st_Marquis_of_Santa_Cruz" class="mw-redirect" title="Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz">Santa Cruz</a> decisively defeats a larger mercenary fleet from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>, supporters of the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> claimant <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio,_Prior_of_Crato" title="António, Prior of Crato">António, Prior of Crato</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Republic" title="Dutch Republic">Dutch Republic</a>, under <a href="/wiki/Filippo_di_Piero_Strozzi" title="Filippo di Piero Strozzi">Filippo di Piero Strozzi</a> (who is killed) off the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>, the first engagement between large fleets of <a href="/wiki/Galleon" title="Galleon">galleons</a>, operating at any great distance from the mainland.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg/120px-James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg/180px-James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg/240px-James_VI_of_Scotland_as_a_Youth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="944" /></a><figcaption>Young King James, taken hostage</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/August_23" title="August 23">August 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Raid_of_Ruthven" title="Raid of Ruthven">Raid of Ruthven</a> in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>: <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> nobles led by <a href="/wiki/William_Ruthven,_1st_Earl_of_Gowrie" title="William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie">William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie</a> kidnap <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">King James VI of Scotland</a>, the kingdom's 16-year-old ruler, while he is hunting in <a href="/wiki/Perthshire" title="Perthshire">Perthshire</a>. The Earl of Gowrie imprisons the King at Ruthven Castle as part of a coup d'etat to reform the Scottish government.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – Ruthven and his co-conspirators arrange for <a href="/wiki/John_Maxwell,_8th_Lord_Maxwell" title="John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell">John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell</a>, heir to former regent <a href="/wiki/James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton" title="James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton">James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton</a>, to be installed as <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>'s regent. Douglas had been executed in 1581 for the 1567 murder of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley</a>, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, and father of King James VI, who is imprisoned at Ruthven's castle.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December"><span id="October.E2.80.93December"></span>October–December</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> (Julian) (October 14 Gregorian) – The <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a> is discarded at the end of the day in Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain as <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XIII" title="Pope Gregory XIII">Pope Gregory XIII</a> implements the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>. In the nations where the calendar is accepted, Thursday, October 4 is followed the next day by Friday, <a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">October 15</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-calendar_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-calendar-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_26" title="October 26">October 26</a> (Julian) (November 5 Gregorian) – General <a href="/wiki/Yermak_Timofeyevich" title="Yermak Timofeyevich">Yermak Timofeyevich</a> completes the <a href="/wiki/Russian_conquest_of_Siberia" title="Russian conquest of Siberia">Russian conquest of Siberia</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chuvash_Cape" title="Battle of Chuvash Cape">Battle of Chuvash Cape</a> as <a href="/wiki/Kuchum_Khan" title="Kuchum Khan">Kuchum Khan</a> abandons <a href="/wiki/Qashliq" title="Qashliq">Qashliq</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Khanate_of_Sibir" title="Khanate of Sibir">Khanate of Sibir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Qashliq fortress will be torn down and a new town, <a href="/wiki/Tobolsk" title="Tobolsk">Tobolsk</a> will be built 11 miles (18 km) further up the <a href="/wiki/Irtysh" title="Irtysh">Irtysh</a> river.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">November 29</a> – Ten years before he begins writing his first known plays, <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, 18 years old, marries pregnant 26-year-old <a href="/wiki/Anne_Hathaway_(Shakespeare)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Hathaway (Shakespeare)">Anne Hathaway</a> in England.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_9" title="December 9">December 9</a> (Julian) (December 19 Gregorian) – <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> discards the Julian Calendar at the end of the day and adopts the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregorian Calendar">Gregorian Calendar</a> at midnight. Sunday, December 9 is followed the next day in France by Monday, <a href="/wiki/December_20" title="December 20">December 20</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-calendar_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-calendar-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The temple complex of <a href="/wiki/Kumbum" title="Kumbum">Kumbum</a> is founded in <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Ricci" title="Matteo Ricci">Matteo Ricci</a> is allowed to enter the country.</li> <li>The earliest reference is made to the publishing of private <a href="/wiki/Newspaper" title="Newspaper">newspapers</a> in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>The sultanate of <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> begins to press southward, in search of a greater share of the trans-Saharan trade.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/1582_Cagayan_battles" title="1582 Cagayan battles">Cagayan battles</a> in the Philippines, the only recorded clashes between European regular soldiers and <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a> warriors.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GeorgII.1615.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/GeorgII.1615.JPG/120px-GeorgII.1615.JPG" decoding="async" width="110" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/GeorgII.1615.JPG/250px-GeorgII.1615.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1120" data-file-height="1265" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_II,_Duke_of_Pomerania" title="George II, Duke of Pomerania">George II, Duke of Pomerania</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taichang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Taichang.jpg/110px-Taichang.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Taichang.jpg/165px-Taichang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Taichang.jpg/220px-Taichang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="777" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Taichang_Emperor" title="Taichang Emperor">Taichang Emperor</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6" title="January 6">January 6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Contreras" title="Alonso de Contreras">Alonso de Contreras</a>, Spanish privateer and writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1641" title="1641">1641</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Borzita_of_Martinice" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaroslav Borzita of Martinice">Jaroslav Borzita of Martinice</a>, Bohemian noble (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_7" title="January 7">January 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Magdalene_of_Brandenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Magdalene of Brandenburg">Magdalene of Brandenburg</a>, Landgravine consort of Hesse-Darmstadt (1598–1616) (d. <a href="/wiki/1616" title="1616">1616</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Lanfranco" title="Giovanni Lanfranco">Giovanni Lanfranco</a>, Italian painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1647" title="1647">1647</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">January 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Barclay_(1582-1621)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Barclay (1582-1621)">John Barclay</a>, Scottish satirist and Latin poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1621" title="1621">1621</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_30" title="January 30">January 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_II,_Duke_of_Pomerania" title="George II, Duke of Pomerania">George II, Duke of Pomerania</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1617" title="1617">1617</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_8" title="February 8">February 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Bernegger" title="Matthias Bernegger">Matthias Bernegger</a>, German philologist (d. <a href="/wiki/1640" title="1640">1640</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_17" title="February 17">February 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/George,_Duke_of_Brunswick-L%C3%BCneburg" class="mw-redirect" title="George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg">George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1641" title="1641">1641</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_22" title="February 22">February 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(soldier)" title="John Ratcliffe (soldier)">John Ratcliffe</a>, English politician and soldier (d. <a href="/wiki/1627" title="1627">1627</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_15" title="March 15">March 15</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Featley" title="Daniel Featley">Daniel Featley</a>, English theologian and controversialist (d. <a href="/wiki/1645" title="1645">1645</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deodat_del_Monte" title="Deodat del Monte">Deodat del Monte</a>, Flemish painter, architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1644" title="1644">1644</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(archbishop_of_York)" title="John Williams (archbishop of York)">John Williams</a>, Welsh clergyman and political advisor to King James I (d. <a href="/wiki/1650" title="1650">1650</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_31" title="March 31">March 31</a> – <a href="/wiki/Duchess_Sophie_of_Prussia" title="Duchess Sophie of Prussia">Duchess Sophie of Prussia</a>, Duchess consort of Courland (1609–1610) (d. <a href="/wiki/1610" title="1610">1610</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_8" title="April 8">April 8</a> – <i>(bapt.)</i> <a href="/wiki/Phineas_Fletcher" title="Phineas Fletcher">Phineas Fletcher</a>, English poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1650" title="1650">1650</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_11" title="April 11">April 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Justus_de_Harduwijn" title="Justus de Harduwijn">Justus de Harduwijn</a>, Dutch Catholic priest and poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1636" title="1636">1636</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1" title="May 1">May 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marco_da_Gagliano" title="Marco da Gagliano">Marco da Gagliano</a>, Italian composer of the early Baroque era (d. <a href="/wiki/1643" title="1643">1643</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Frederick,_Duke_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="John Frederick, Duke of Württemberg">John Frederick, Duke of Württemberg</a> (1608–1628) (d. <a href="/wiki/1628" title="1628">1628</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Schultz_(composer)" title="Johannes Schultz (composer)">Johannes Schultz</a>, German composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1653" title="1653">1653</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_28" title="June 28">June 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Fiennes,_1st_Viscount_Saye_and_Sele" title="William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele">William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele</a>, English nobleman and politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1662" title="1662">1662</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_27" title="July 27">July 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Isham,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Isham, 1st Baronet">Sir John Isham, 1st Baronet</a>, English Member of Parliament (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_11" title="August 11">August 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sabina_Catharina_of_East_Frisia" title="Sabina Catharina of East Frisia">Sabina Catharina of East Frisia</a>, Countess of Rietberg (1586–1618) (d. <a href="/wiki/1618" title="1618">1618</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_17" title="August 17">August 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Matthew_Rispoli" title="John Matthew Rispoli">John Matthew Rispoli</a>, major Maltese philosopher of great erudition (d. <a href="/wiki/1639" title="1639">1639</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_26" title="August 26">August 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Humilis_of_Bisignano" title="Humilis of Bisignano">Humilis of Bisignano</a>, Italian Franciscan friar and saint (d. <a href="/wiki/1637" title="1637">1637</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_27" title="August 27">August 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Nassau-Dillenburg" title="Maria Amalia of Nassau-Dillenburg">Maria Amalia of Nassau-Dillenburg</a>, German noble (d. <a href="/wiki/1635" title="1635">1635</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_28" title="August 28">August 28</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taichang_Emperor" title="Taichang Emperor">Taichang Emperor</a>, of the Ming Dynasty of China (d. <a href="/wiki/1620" title="1620">1620</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Meinhard_von_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Hans Meinhard von Schönberg">Hans Meinhard von Schönberg</a>, German military commander (d. <a href="/wiki/1616" title="1616">1616</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_25" title="September 25">September 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Archduchess_Eleanor_of_Austria_(1582%E2%80%931620)" title="Archduchess Eleanor of Austria (1582–1620)">Archduchess Eleanor of Austria</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1620" title="1620">1620</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_26" title="September 26">September 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eitel_Frederick_von_Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen" title="Eitel Frederick von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen">Eitel Frederick von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen</a>, German Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1625" title="1625">1625</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2" title="October 2">October 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Augustus,_Count_Palatine_of_Sulzbach" title="Augustus, Count Palatine of Sulzbach">Augustus, Count Palatine of Sulzbach</a>, Count Palatine of Neuburg (1614–1632) (d. <a href="/wiki/1632" title="1632">1632</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_17" title="October 17">October 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gerhard" title="Johann Gerhard">Johann Gerhard</a>, Lutheran church leader (d. <a href="/wiki/1637" title="1637">1637</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_19" title="October 19">October 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tsarevich_Dmitry_Ivanovich_of_Russia_(born_1582)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia (born 1582)">Dmitri Ivanovich</a>, Russian Tsarevich (d. <a href="/wiki/1591" title="1591">1591</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Ernest_of_Nassau-Siegen_(1582%E2%80%931617)" title="John Ernest of Nassau-Siegen (1582–1617)">John Ernest of Nassau-Siegen</a>, German general (d. <a href="/wiki/1617" title="1617">1617</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_22" title="October 22">October 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Piccolomini_(Jesuit)" title="Francesco Piccolomini (Jesuit)">Francesco Piccolomini</a>, Italian Jesuit (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2" title="November 2">November 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Jane_Weston" title="Elizabeth Jane Weston">Elizabeth Jane Weston</a>, English Czech poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Maynard" title="François Maynard">François Maynard</a>, French poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1646" title="1646">1646</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_27" title="November 27">November 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Dupuy_(scholar)" title="Pierre Dupuy (scholar)">Pierre Dupuy</a>, French historian (d. <a href="/wiki/1651" title="1651">1651</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">November 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anselm_Casimir_Wambold_von_Umstadt" title="Anselm Casimir Wambold von Umstadt">Anselm Casimir Wambold von Umstadt</a>, Archbishop of Mainz (d. <a href="/wiki/1647" title="1647">1647</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Chappell_(bishop)" title="William Chappell (bishop)">William Chappell</a>, Irish bishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">December 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bertie,_1st_Earl_of_Lindsey" title="Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey">Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey</a>, English adventurer and soldier (d. <a href="/wiki/1642" title="1642">1642</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_23" title="December 23">December 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Severo_Bonini" title="Severo Bonini">Severo Bonini</a>, Italian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1663" title="1663">1663</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>date unknown</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Francesco_Abela" title="Giovanni Francesco Abela">Giovanni Francesco Abela</a>, Maltese writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1655" title="1655">1655</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Alenio" title="Giulio Alenio">Giulio Alenio</a>, Italian Jesuit missionary (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Allegri" title="Gregorio Allegri">Gregorio Allegri</a>, Italian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1652" title="1652">1652</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bainbridge_(astronomer)" title="John Bainbridge (astronomer)">John Bainbridge</a>, English astronomer (d. <a href="/wiki/1648" title="1648">1648</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Corbet" title="Richard Corbet">Richard Corbet</a>, English poet and bishop (d. <a href="/wiki/1635" title="1635">1635</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Juxon" title="William Juxon">William Juxon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1663" title="1663">1663</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Moulson" title="Thomas Moulson">Thomas Moulson</a>, Lord Mayor of London (d. <a href="/wiki/1638" title="1638">1638</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Teniers_the_Elder" title="David Teniers the Elder">David Teniers the Elder</a>, Flemish painter (d. <a href="/wiki/1649" title="1649">1649</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Windebank" title="Francis Windebank">Francis Windebank</a>, English politician (d. <a href="/wiki/1646" title="1646">1646</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacomina_de_Witte" title="Jacomina de Witte">Jacomina de Witte</a>, politically influential Dutch woman (d. <a href="/wiki/1661" title="1661">1661</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakub_Zadzik" title="Jakub Zadzik">Jakub Zadzik</a>, Polish nobleman and diplomat (d. <a href="/wiki/1642" title="1642">1642</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>probable</i> – <a href="/wiki/Sigismondo_d%27India" title="Sigismondo d'India">Sigismondo d'India</a>, Italian composer (d. <a href="/wiki/1629" title="1629">1629</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Odanobunaga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Odanobunaga.jpg/110px-Odanobunaga.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Odanobunaga.jpg/165px-Odanobunaga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Odanobunaga.jpg/220px-Odanobunaga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1313" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg/110px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg/165px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg/220px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_138.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1215" data-file-height="1203" /></a><figcaption>Saint <a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_Avila" class="mw-redirect" title="Teresa of Avila">Teresa of Avila</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prinzen_Don_Diego,_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Prinzen_Don_Diego%2C_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg/110px-Prinzen_Don_Diego%2C_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Prinzen_Don_Diego%2C_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg/165px-Prinzen_Don_Diego%2C_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Prinzen_Don_Diego%2C_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg/220px-Prinzen_Don_Diego%2C_Sohn_K%C3%B6nig_Philipps_II._von_Spanien_und_K%C3%B6nigin_Annas_von_%C3%96sterreich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="579" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Diego,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Diego, Prince of Asturias">Diego, Prince of Asturias</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo,_III_Duque_de_Alba,_por_Willem_Key.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo%2C_III_Duque_de_Alba%2C_por_Willem_Key.jpg/110px-Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo%2C_III_Duque_de_Alba%2C_por_Willem_Key.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo%2C_III_Duque_de_Alba%2C_por_Willem_Key.jpg/165px-Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo%2C_III_Duque_de_Alba%2C_por_Willem_Key.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo%2C_III_Duque_de_Alba%2C_por_Willem_Key.jpg/220px-Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo%2C_III_Duque_de_Alba%2C_por_Willem_Key.jpg 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="1214" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo,_3rd_Duke_of_Alba" title="Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba">Fernando Álvarez de Toledo</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bauhin" title="Jean Bauhin">Jean Bauhin</a>, French physician (b. <a href="/wiki/1511" title="1511">1511</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Platter" title="Thomas Platter">Thomas Platter</a>, Swiss humanist scholar (b. <a href="/wiki/1499" title="1499">1499</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_18" title="February 18">February 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sakuma_Nobumori" title="Sakuma Nobumori">Sakuma Nobumori</a>, Japanese retainer and samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1528" title="1528">1528</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_14" title="March 14">March 14</a> – <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Hesse,_Electress_Palatine" title="Elisabeth of Hesse, Electress Palatine">Elisabeth of Hesse, Electress Palatine</a> by marriage (1576-1582) (b. <a href="/wiki/1539" title="1539">1539</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Juan_Jauregui" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Jauregui">Juan Jauregui</a>, attempted assassin of <a href="/wiki/William_I_of_Orange" class="mw-redirect" title="William I of Orange">William I of Orange</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1562" title="1562">1562</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_22" title="March 22">March 22</a> – <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Brendel_von_Homburg" title="Daniel Brendel von Homburg">Daniel Brendel von Homburg</a>, Roman Catholic archbishop (b. <a href="/wiki/1522" title="1522">1522</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_29" title="March 29">March 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_de%27_Medici" title="Philip de' Medici">Philip de' Medici</a>, Italian noble, Grand Prince of Tuscany (b. <a href="/wiki/1577" title="1577">1577</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_3" title="April 3">April 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Takeda_Katsuyori" title="Takeda Katsuyori">Takeda Katsuyori</a>, Japanese daimyō of Takeda Clan (b. <a href="/wiki/1546" title="1546">1546</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_16" title="April 16">April 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oyamada_Nobushige" title="Oyamada Nobushige">Oyamada Nobushige</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1545" title="1545">1545</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Toledo" title="Francisco de Toledo">Francisco de Toledo</a>, Spanish soldier and politician (b. <a href="/wiki/1515" title="1515">1515</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_3" title="May 3">May 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Mainerio" title="Giorgio Mainerio">Giorgio Mainerio</a>, Italian composer (b. <a href="/wiki/1530" title="1530">1530</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_5" title="May 5">May 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Bourbon" title="Charlotte of Bourbon">Charlotte of Bourbon</a>, Princess consort of Orange, married to <a href="/wiki/William_I_of_Orange" class="mw-redirect" title="William I of Orange">William I of Orange</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1547" title="1547">1547</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">June 13</a> – <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Tafuri" title="Matteo Tafuri">Matteo Tafuri</a>, Italian alchemist (b. <a href="/wiki/1492" title="1492">1492</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_21" title="June 21">June 21</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga" title="Oda Nobunaga">Oda Nobunaga</a>, Japanese daimyō of the Oda Clan (b. <a href="/wiki/1534" title="1534">1534</a>) (forced suicide)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oda_Nobutada" title="Oda Nobutada">Oda Nobutada</a>, Japanese samurai, oldest son of Nobunaga (b. <a href="/wiki/1557" title="1557">1557</a>) (forced suicide)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anayama_Nobukimi" class="mw-redirect" title="Anayama Nobukimi">Anayama Nobukimi</a>, Japanese military commander (b. <a href="/wiki/1541" title="1541">1541</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_23" title="June 23">June 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Shimizu_Muneharu" title="Shimizu Muneharu">Shimizu Muneharu</a>, Japanese military commander (b. <a href="/wiki/1537" title="1537">1537</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2" title="July 2">July 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Akechi_Mitsuhide" title="Akechi Mitsuhide">Akechi Mitsuhide</a>, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. <a href="/wiki/1528" title="1528">1528</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_3" title="July 3">July 3</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Crichton" title="James Crichton">James Crichton</a>, Scottish scholar (b. <a href="/wiki/1560" title="1560">1560</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Kawajiri_Hidetaka" title="Kawajiri Hidetaka">Kawajiri Hidetaka</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1527" title="1527">1527</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_17" title="July 17">July 17</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Peletier_du_Mans" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques Peletier du Mans">Jacques Peletier du Mans</a>, French mathematician (b. <a href="/wiki/1517" title="1517">1517</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_23" title="September 23">September 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Montpensier" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis, Duke of Montpensier">Louis, Duke of Montpensier</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Buchanan_(humanist)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Buchanan (humanist)">George Buchanan</a>, Scottish humanist scholar (b. <a href="/wiki/1506" title="1506">1506</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_4" title="October 4">October 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Teresa of Ávila</a>, Spanish <a href="/wiki/Carmelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmelite">Carmelite</a> nun, poet and saint (b. <a href="/wiki/1515" title="1515">1515</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_21" title="October 21">October 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Joubert" title="Laurent Joubert">Laurent Joubert</a>, French physician (b. <a href="/wiki/1529" title="1529">1529</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_21" title="November 21">November 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Diego,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Diego, Prince of Asturias">Diego, Prince of Asturias</a>, Portuguese prince (b. <a href="/wiki/1575" title="1575">1575</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11" title="December 11">December 11</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Toledo,_3rd_Duke_of_Alba" title="Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba">Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba</a>, Spanish general (b. <a href="/wiki/1507" title="1507">1507</a>)</li> <li><i>Date unknown:</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Cheng%27en" title="Wu Cheng'en">Wu Cheng'en</a>, Chinese novelist and poet of the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Hendrik_van_Paesschen" title="Hans Hendrik van Paesschen">Hans Hendrik van Paesschen</a>, Flemish architect (b. <a href="/wiki/1510" title="1510">1510</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Juzheng" title="Zhang Juzheng">Zhang Juzheng</a>, Ming dynasty official (b. <a href="/wiki/1525" title="1525">1525</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeda_Nobukado" title="Takeda Nobukado">Takeda Nobukado</a>, Japanese samurai (b. <a href="/wiki/1529" title="1529">1529</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sen_Soulintha" title="Sen Soulintha">Sen Soulintha</a>, Laotian king of <a href="/wiki/Lan_Xang" title="Lan Xang">Lan Xang</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1511" title="1511">1511</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1582&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/en/uniarchiv/jmus-history/highlights/foundation-1582/">"The foundation of the university in 1582"</a>, Universität Würzburg website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-calendar-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-calendar_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-calendar_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-calendar_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xbAyAQAAIAAJ"><i>Historical Association Pamphlet</i></a>. Historical Association. 1933. p. 5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Association+Pamphlet&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Historical+Association&rft.date=1933&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxbAyAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120410190925/http://www.themagickalreview.org/enochian/mss/sloane_3188/">"MS. Sloane 3188"</a>. The Magickal Review. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themagickalreview.org/enochian/mss/sloane_3188/">the original</a> on April 10, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MS.+Sloane+3188&rft.pub=The+Magickal+Review&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themagickalreview.org%2Fenochian%2Fmss%2Fsloane_3188%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bertrand L. Conway, <i>Studies in Church History</i> (1916) p. 153</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111126103032/http://www.eldeber.com.bo/2011/2011-11-23/vernotaahora.php?id=111123012412">"El Deber, Noticias de Bolivia y el Mundo"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eldeber.com.bo/2011/2011-11-23/vernotaahora.php?id=111123012412">the original</a> on November 26, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Deber%2C+Noticias+de+Bolivia+y+el+Mundo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eldeber.com.bo%2F2011%2F2011-11-23%2Fvernotaahora.php%3Fid%3D111123012412&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222132708/http://www.fmbolivia.net/noticia25070-hay-riesgo-de-un-megaterremoto-en-bolivia.html">"Hay Riesgo de un Megaterremoto en Bolivia"</a>. <i>Radio FMBolicia.Ne</i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fmbolivia.net/noticia25070-hay-riesgo-de-un-megaterremoto-en-bolivia.html">the original</a> on February 22, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radio+FMBolicia.Ne&rft.atitle=Hay+Riesgo+de+un+Megaterremoto+en+Bolivia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fmbolivia.net%2Fnoticia25070-hay-riesgo-de-un-megaterremoto-en-bolivia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBolivia._Dirección_General_de_Estadística_y_Estudios_Geográficos1909" class="citation book cs1">Bolivia. Dirección General de Estadística y Estudios Geográficos (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/boletin01mexigoog"><i>Boletin</i></a>. Secretaria de fomento. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/boletin01mexigoog/page/n75">55</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boletin&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Secretaria+de+fomento&rft.date=1909&rft.au=Bolivia.+Direcci%C3%B3n+General+de+Estad%C3%ADstica+y+Estudios+Geogr%C3%A1ficos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fboletin01mexigoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sansom-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sansom_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sansom_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sansom_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">George Sansom, <i>A History of Japan, 1334–1615</i> (Stanford University Press, 196) pp. 306–307</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toyokeizai167293-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-toyokeizai167293_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYamagishi2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yamagishi, Ryoji (May 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/167293">"本能寺の変､｢本当の裏切り者｣は誰なのか教科書が教えない｢明智光秀｣以外の真犯人"</a> [Honnō-ji Incident, Who is the "real traitor"? The real culprit other than "Akechi Mitsuhide" that textbooks do not teach.]. <i>Toyo Keizai Online</i> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Toyo_Keizai" title="Toyo Keizai">Toyo Keizai</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Toyo+Keizai+Online&rft.atitle=%E6%9C%AC%E8%83%BD%E5%AF%BA%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%89%EF%BD%A4%EF%BD%A2%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%93%E3%81%AE%E8%A3%8F%E5%88%87%E3%82%8A%E8%80%85%EF%BD%A3%E3%81%AF%E8%AA%B0%E3%81%AA%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8B+%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8%E3%81%8C%E6%95%99%E3%81%88%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%EF%BD%A2%E6%98%8E%E6%99%BA%E5%85%89%E7%A7%80%EF%BD%A3%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%96%E3%81%AE%E7%9C%9F%E7%8A%AF%E4%BA%BA&rft.date=2017-05-01&rft.aulast=Yamagishi&rft.aufirst=Ryoji&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftoyokeizai.net%2Farticles%2F-%2F167293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Turnbull, <i>The Samurai Sourcebook</i> (Cassell & Co., 2000) pp. 231–232</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWalton2002" class="citation book cs1">Walton, Timothy (2002). <i>The Spanish Treasure Fleets</i>. Sarasota, FL: Pineapple Press. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56164-049-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-56164-049-2"><bdi>1-56164-049-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spanish+Treasure+Fleets&rft.place=Sarasota%2C+FL&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Pineapple+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-56164-049-2&rft.aulast=Walton&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steven J. Reid, "Of bairns and bearded men: James VI and the Ruthven Raid", by Miles Kerr-Peterson and Steven J. Reid, in <i>James VI and Noble Power in Scotland 1578–1603</i> (Routledge, 2017), pp. 32–44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">G. V. Lantzeff and R. A. Pierce, <i>Eastward to Empire: Exploration and Conquest on the Russian Open Frontier, to 1750</i> (McGill-Queen's University Press, 1973)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMabillard2000" class="citation web cs1">Mabillard, Amanda (August 20, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shakespeare-online.com/biography/shakespearemarriage.html">"Shakespeare's Marriage"</a>. <i>Shakespeare-Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shakespeare-Online&rft.atitle=Shakespeare%27s+Marriage&rft.date=2000-08-20&rft.aulast=Mabillard&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shakespeare-online.com%2Fbiography%2Fshakespearemarriage.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Barclay">"John Barclay | Scottish writer"</a>. <i>Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 14,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica&rft.atitle=John+Barclay+%7C+Scottish+writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJohn-Barclay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStanley_SadieAlison_Latham1988" class="citation book cs1">Stanley Sadie; Alison Latham (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HI4bAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA94"><i>The Grove Concise Dictionary of Music</i></a>. Macmillan. p. 94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-43236-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-43236-5"><bdi>978-0-333-43236-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Grove+Concise+Dictionary+of+Music&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-333-43236-5&rft.au=Stanley+Sadie&rft.au=Alison+Latham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHI4bAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJeroen_Pieter_Lamers2000" class="citation book cs1">Jeroen Pieter Lamers (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2-CIg2yGJx8C"><i>Japonius Tyrannus: The Japanese Warlord, Oda Nobunaga Reconsidered</i></a>. Hotei Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">216–</span>218. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-74822-22-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-74822-22-0"><bdi>978-90-74822-22-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japonius+Tyrannus%3A+The+Japanese+Warlord%2C+Oda+Nobunaga+Reconsidered&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E216-%3C%2Fspan%3E218&rft.pub=Hotei+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-90-74822-22-0&rft.au=Jeroen+Pieter+Lamers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2-CIg2yGJx8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Tyler2014" class="citation book cs1">Peter Tyler (April 10, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jnFmAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA11"><i>Teresa of Avila: Doctor of the Soul</i></a>. A&C Black. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4411-8784-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4411-8784-0"><bdi>978-1-4411-8784-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Teresa+of+Avila%3A+Doctor+of+the+Soul&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2014-04-10&rft.isbn=978-1-4411-8784-0&rft.au=Peter+Tyler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjnFmAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1582" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1582&oldid=1273257814">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1582&oldid=1273257814</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1582" title="Category:1582">1582</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)">CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 1 February 2025, at 14:10<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1582&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">1582</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>149 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-74dbfb549d-qq2r4","wgBackendResponseTime":153,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.402","walltime":"0.507","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4347,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":30018,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2242,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":4,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":54780,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 394.822 1 -total"," 39.15% 154.592 1 Template:Reflist"," 31.61% 124.793 1 Template:Year_nav"," 29.13% 115.012 1 Template:Sidebar"," 27.62% 109.066 6 Template:Cite_book"," 18.01% 71.120 2 Template:Short_description"," 10.20% 40.268 4 Template:Pagetype"," 8.87% 35.007 16 Template:Dr"," 8.22% 32.444 16 Template:Dr-make"," 7.08% 27.947 6 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.222","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7981776,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-5b7ccf7b7c-8mxhf","timestamp":"20250317173708","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"1582","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1582","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6719","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6719","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-09-20T00:23:00Z","dateModified":"2025-02-01T14:10:13Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/69\/Julian_to_Gregorian_Date_Change.png","headline":"year"}</script> </body> </html>