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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Estados_de_charmônio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estados_de_charmônio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Estados de charmônio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estados_de_charmônio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estados_de_bottomônio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estados_de_bottomônio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Estados de bottomônio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estados_de_bottomônio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-QCD_e_quarkônio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#QCD_e_quarkônio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>QCD e quarkônio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-QCD_e_quarkônio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ver_também" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ver_também"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ver também</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ver_também-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Quarkônio</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 20 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwarkonium" title="Kwarkonium — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kwarkonium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="كواركونيوم — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كواركونيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonium" title="Quarkonium — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Quarkonium" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonium" title="Quarkonium — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Quarkonium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonium" title="Quarkonium — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Quarkonium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonio" title="Quarkonio — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Quarkonio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonio" title="Quarkonio — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Quarkonio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="کوارکونیوم — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوارکونیوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonium" title="Quarkonium — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Quarkonium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonio" title="Quarkonio — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Quarkonio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B3%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="クォーコニウム — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クォーコニウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarconium" title="Quarconium — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quarconium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Кваркониум — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кваркониум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwarkonium" title="Kwarkonium — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kwarkonium" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кварконий — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кварконий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonium" title="Quarkonium — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Quarkonium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvarkonij" title="Kvarkonij — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kvarkonij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Кварконій — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кварконій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarkonic" title="Quarkonic — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quarkonic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B%E5%81%B6%E7%B4%A0" title="夸克偶素 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="夸克偶素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1540413#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Quark%C3%B4nio" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páginas afluentes</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Quark%C3%B4nio" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Carregar_ficheiro" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Lista de páginas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&oldid=68404343" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Quark_structure_bottomonium.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Quark_structure_bottomonium.png/220px-Quark_structure_bottomonium.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Quark_structure_bottomonium.png/330px-Quark_structure_bottomonium.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Quark_structure_bottomonium.png/440px-Quark_structure_bottomonium.png 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="718" /></a><figcaption>Imagem retratando um exemplo de quarkônio, o bottomônio, e sua estrutura de <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quarks</a> presentes.</figcaption></figure> <p>Em <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Física de partículas">física de partículas</a>, <span class="no-conversion"><b><span lang="pt-br">quarkônio</span></b> <sup>(<a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%AAs_brasileiro" title="Português brasileiro">português brasileiro</a>)</sup> ou <b><span lang="pt-pt">quarcónio</span></b> <sup>(<a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%AAs_europeu" title="Português europeu">português europeu</a>)</sup></span> (de <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quark</a> + <a href="/wiki/%C3%94nio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ônio">ônio</a>) designa um <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son" title="Méson">méson</a> sem <a href="/wiki/Sabor_(f%C3%ADsica)" title="Sabor (física)">sabor</a> que é constituído de um <a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">quark</a> e seu próprio <a href="/wiki/Antiquark" title="Antiquark">antiquark</a>. Exemplos de quarkônio são os <a href="/wiki/J/Psi_m%C3%A9son" class="mw-redirect" title="J/Psi méson">J/ψ méson</a> ( um exemplo de <b>charmônio</b>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>c<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">c</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span>) e o <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_Upsilon" class="mw-redirect" title="Méson Upsilon">méson <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ϒ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> (<b>bottomônio</b>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>b<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">b</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span>). Por causa da grande massa do <a href="/wiki/Quark_top" title="Quark top">quark top</a> do <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_top" title="Antiquark top">antiquark top</a>, o <b><a href="/wiki/Top%C3%B4nio" title="Topônio">topônio</a></b> não existe, desde que esse par quark-antiquark decai através da <a href="/wiki/Intera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_fraca" title="Interação fraca">interação fraca</a> antes mesmo que a <a href="/wiki/Intera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_forte" class="mw-redirect" title="Interação forte">interação forte</a> se manifeste criando esse <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son" title="Méson">méson</a>. </p><p>Usualmente o quarkônio refere-se apenas ao <a href="/wiki/Charm%C3%B4nio" class="mw-redirect" title="Charmônio">charmônio</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Bottom%C3%B4nio" class="mw-redirect" title="Bottomônio">bottomônio</a>, e não a algum estado de ligação quark-antiquark de quarks leves. Isso ocorre porque o quarks leves:<a href="/wiki/Quark_up" title="Quark up">quark up</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quark_down" title="Quark down">quark down</a> e <a href="/wiki/Quark_strange" title="Quark strange">quark strange</a> são muito menos massivos que os quarks pesados como o <a href="/wiki/Quark_charm" title="Quark charm">quark charm</a>,<a href="/wiki/Quark_bottom" title="Quark bottom">quark bottom</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Quark_top" title="Quark top">quark top</a>, e portanto os estados físicos na verdade são vistos em experimentos são misturas de estados de quarks leves na <a href="/wiki/Mec%C3%A2nica_qu%C3%A2ntica" title="Mecânica quântica">mecânica quântica</a>. A grande diferença de massas entre os quarks <a href="/wiki/Quark_charm" title="Quark charm">charme</a> e <a href="/wiki/Quark_bottom" title="Quark bottom">inferior</a> e os quarks leves resultam em estados bem definidos em termos de par quark-antiquark de um dado <a href="/wiki/Sabor_(f%C3%ADsica)" title="Sabor (física)">sabor</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estados_de_charmônio"><span id="Estados_de_charm.C3.B4nio"></span>Estados de charmônio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Estados de charmônio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Estados de charmônio"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/J/%CF%88_meson" class="mw-redirect" title="J/ψ meson">J/ψ meson</a></div> <p>Na tabela a seguir, a mesma partícula pode ser nomeada com a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nota%C3%A7%C3%A3o_espectrosc%C3%B3pica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notação espectroscópica (página não existe)">notação espectroscópica</a> ou com a sua massa. Em muitos casos série de excitação são usadas: Ψ' é para a primeira excitação de Ψ (por razões históricas, essa partícula é chamada de partícula <i>J/ψ</i>); Ψ" é o segundo estado de excitação. Nomes na mesma são <a href="/wiki/Sin%C3%B4nimo" title="Sinônimo">sinônimos</a>. </p><p>Alguns do estados são previstos, mas não foram observados; outros não são confirmados. Os <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_qu%C3%A2ntico" title="Número quântico">números quânticos</a> da partícula <a href="/wiki/X(3872)" title="X(3872)">X(3872)</a> foi medida recentemente pelo <a href="/wiki/LHCb_(experi%C3%AAncia)" title="LHCb (experiência)">experimento LHCb</a> no <a href="/wiki/CERN" class="mw-redirect" title="CERN">CERN</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> . Essa medida lançou luz sobre a sua identidade, excluindo a terceira opção em são: </p> <ul><li>Um candidato para o estado 1<sup>1</sup>D<sub>2</sub>;</li> <li>Um estado de charmônio híbrido;</li> <li>Uma molécula <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle D^{0}{\bar {D}}^{*0}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>D</mi> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>∗</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle D^{0}{\bar {D}}^{*0}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6337932524de6780650effe02dd502e17b232953" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:6.779ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle D^{0}{\bar {D}}^{*0}}"></span>.</li></ul> <p>Em 2005, o <a href="/wiki/Experimento_BaBar" title="Experimento BaBar">experimento BaBar</a> anunciou a descoberta de um novo estado: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Y(4260)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Y(4260) (página não existe)">Y(4260)</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CLEO_(detector_de_part%C3%ADcula)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CLEO (detector de partícula) (página não existe)">CLEO</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Experimento_Belle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Experimento Belle (página não existe)">Belle</a> têm colaborado com essas observações. No começo, Y(4260) foi pensado par ser um estado de charmônio, mas as evidências sugerem que mais explicações exóticas, como a molécula D, uma construção de 4-quark, ou um <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son" title="Méson">méson</a> híbrido. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="40px">Símbolo <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i>n</i><sup>2<i>S</i> + 1</sup><i>L</i><sub><i>J</i></sub></span> </th> <th width="40px"><i><a href="/wiki/Isospin" title="Isospin">I</a><sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paridade-G&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paridade-G (página não existe)">G</a></sup></i>(<i><a href="/wiki/Momento_angular" title="Momento angular">J</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Paridade_(f%C3%ADsica)" title="Paridade (física)">P</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paridade-C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paridade-C (página não existe)">C</a></sup></i>) </th> <th width="200px">Partícula </th> <th>Massa (MeV/c<sup>2</sup>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://pdglive.lbl.gov/listing.brl?fsizein=1&group=MXXX025">[1]</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_inativa" title="Wikipédia:Ligação inativa"><i>[ligação inativa]</i></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>−+</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eta-c_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eta-c particle (página não existe)"><i>η<sub>c</sub></i></a>(1<i>S</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003298030000000000♠</span>2<span style="margin-left:.25em;">980</span>.3<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>1.2</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_J/%CF%88" title="Méson J/ψ"><i>J/ψ</i></a>(1<i>S</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003309691600000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">096</span>.916<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.011</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>+−</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-c_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-c particle (página não existe)"><i>h<sub>c</sub></i></a>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003352593000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">525</span>.93<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.27</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chi-c_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chi-c particle (página não existe)"><i>χ</i><sub><i>c</i>0</sub></a>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003341475000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">414</span>.75<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.31</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(1<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>c</i>1</sub>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003351066000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">510</span>.66<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.07</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(2<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>c</i>2</sub>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003355620000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">556</span>.20<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.09</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>−+</sup>) </td> <td><i>η<sub>c</sub></i>(2<i>S</i>), or <i><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>η′<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />c</span></span></i> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003363700000000000♠</span>3637<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>4</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>ψ</i>(3686) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003368609000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">686</span>.09<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.04</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>1</sup>D<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(2<sup>−+</sup>) </td> <td><i>η</i><sub><i>c</i>2</sub>(1<i>D</i>)<sup><a href="#note3">†</a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>ψ</i>(3770) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003377292000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">772</span>.92<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.35</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(2<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>ψ</i><sub>2</sub>(1<i>D</i>) </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(3<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>ψ</i><sub>3</sub>(1<i>D</i>)<sup><a href="#note3">†</a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>+−</sup>) </td> <td><i>h<sub>c</sub></i>(2<i>P</i>)<sup><a href="#note3">†</a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>c</i>0</sub>(2<i>P</i>)<sup><a href="#note3">†</a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(1<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>c</i>1</sub>(2<i>P</i>)<sup><a href="#note3">†</a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(2<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>c</i>2</sub>(2<i>P</i>)<sup><a href="#note3">†</a></sup> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>?<sup>?</sup>?<sub>?</sub> </td> <td>1<sup>++</sup><a href="#note1">†</a> </td> <td><i>X</i>(3872) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003387220000000000♠</span>3<span style="margin-left:.25em;">872</span>.2<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.8</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>?<sup>?</sup>?<sub>?</sub> </td> <td>?<sup>?</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Y</i>(4260) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003426300000000000♠</span>4263<span style="margin-left:0.3em;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;text-align:right">+8<br />−9</span></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small>Notes:</small> </p> <dl><dd><small><span id="note1"><sup>*</sup></span> Precisa de confirmação.</small></dd> <dd><small><span id="note3"><sup>†</sup></span> Predito mas não identificado ainda.</small></dd> <dd><small><span id="note2"><sup>†</sup></span> Interpretado como um estado de charmônio 1<sup>−−</sup> insípido.</small></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estados_de_bottomônio"><span id="Estados_de_bottom.C3.B4nio"></span>Estados de bottomônio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Estados de bottomônio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Estados de bottomônio"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_upsilon" title="Méson upsilon">Méson upsilon</a></div> <p>Na tabela a seguir, a mesma partícula pode ser nomeada com a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nota%C3%A7%C3%A3o_espectrosc%C3%B3pica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notação espectroscópica (página não existe)">notação espectroscópica</a> ou com a sua massa. </p><p>Muitas desses estados são previstos, mas não foram identificado; outros não são confirmados. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="40px">Símbolo n<sup>2S+1</sup>L<sub>J</sub> </th> <th width="40px"><i><a href="/wiki/Isospin" title="Isospin">I</a><sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paridade-G&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paridade-G (página não existe)">G</a></sup></i>(<i><a href="/wiki/Momento_angular" title="Momento angular">J</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Paridade_(f%C3%ADsica)" title="Paridade (física)">P</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paridade-C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paridade-C (página não existe)">C</a></sup></i>) </th> <th width="200px">Partícula </th> <th>Massa (MeV/c<sup>2</sup>)<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://pdglive.lbl.gov/listing.brl?fsizein=1&exp=Y&group=MXXX030">[2]</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_inativa" title="Wikipédia:Ligação inativa"><i>[ligação inativa]</i></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>−+</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eta-b_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eta-b particle (página não existe)"><i>η<sub>b</sub></i></a>(1<i>S</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003939090000000000♠</span>9<span style="margin-left:.25em;">390</span>.9<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>2.8</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upsilon_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upsilon particle (página não existe)"><i>Υ</i></a>(1<i>S</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003946029999999999♠</span>9<span style="margin-left:.25em;">460</span>.30<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.26</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>+−</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-b_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-b particle (página não existe)"><i>h<sub>b</sub></i></a>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chi-b_particle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chi-b particle (página não existe)"><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i>0</sub></a>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003985944000000000♠</span>9<span style="margin-left:.25em;">859</span>.44<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.52</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(1<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i>1</sub>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003989276000000000♠</span>9<span style="margin-left:.25em;">892</span>.76<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.40</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>P<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(2<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i>2</sub>(1<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7003991220999999999♠</span>9<span style="margin-left:.25em;">912</span>.21<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.40</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>−+</sup>) </td> <td><i>η<sub>b</sub></i>(2<i>S</i>) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i>(2<i>S</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004100232600000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">023</span>.26<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.31</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>1</sup>D<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(2<sup>−+</sup>) </td> <td><i>η</i><sub><i>b</i>2</sub>(1<i>D</i>)<sup> </sup></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i>(1D) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(2<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i><sub>2</sub>(1<i>D</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004101611000000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">161</span>.1<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>1.7</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1<sup>3</sup>D<sub>3</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(3<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i><sub>3</sub>(1<i>D</i>) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>1</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>+−</sup>) </td> <td><i>h<sub>b</sub></i>(2<i>P</i>) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(0<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i>0</sub>(2<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004102325000000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">232</span>.5<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.6</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(1<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i>1</sub>(2<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004102554599999999♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">255</span>.46<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.55</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2<sup>3</sup>P<sub>2</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(2<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i>2</sub>(2<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004102686500000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">268</span>.65<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.55</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i>(3<i>S</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004103552000000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">355</span>.2<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>0.5</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3<sup>3</sup>P<sub>J</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>+</sup>(J<sup>++</sup>) </td> <td><i>χ</i><sub><i>b</i></sub>(3<i>P</i>) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004105300000000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">530</span><span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>5</span> (stat.) ± 9 (syst.)<sup id="cite_ref-arxivchib3p_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arxivchib3p-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i>(4<i>S</i>) or <i>Υ</i>(10580) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004105794000000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">579</span>.4<span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>1.2</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i>(10860) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004108650000000000♠</span>10<span style="margin-left:.25em;">865</span><span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>8</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6<sup>3</sup>S<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>0<sup>−</sup>(1<sup>−−</sup>) </td> <td><i>Υ</i>(11020) </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7004110190000000000♠</span>11<span style="margin-left:.25em;">019</span><span style="margin-left:0.3em;margin-right:0.15em;">±</span>8</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><b>Notas</b>:</small> </p> <dl><dd><small><span id="1"><sup>*</sup></span> Resultados preliminares.necessita de confirmação.</small></dd></dl> <p>O estado χ<sub>b</sub> (3P) foi o primeiro estado de partícula descoberto no <a href="/wiki/Large_Hadron_Collider" class="mw-redirect" title="Large Hadron Collider">Large Hadron Collider</a>. O artigo sobre essa descoberta foi submetido no <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a> em 21 de dezembro de 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-arxivchib3p_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arxivchib3p-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> Em abril de 2012, <a href="/wiki/Experimento_D%C3%98" title="Experimento DØ">experimentos DØ</a> no <a href="/wiki/Tevatron" class="mw-redirect" title="Tevatron">Tevatron</a> confirmaram o resultado em um artigo publicado em <i><a href="/wiki/Physical_Review" title="Physical Review">Phys. Rev. D</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="QCD_e_quarkônio"><span id="QCD_e_quark.C3.B4nio"></span>QCD e quarkônio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: QCD e quarkônio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: QCD e quarkônio"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A computação das propriedades dos <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son" title="Méson">mésons</a> na <a href="/wiki/Cromodin%C3%A2mica_qu%C3%A2ntica" title="Cromodinâmica quântica">cromodinâmica quântica</a> (QCD) é totalmente não pertubativa. Como resultado, o único método geral disponível é uma computação direta usando técnicas do <a href="/wiki/Ret%C3%ADculo_QCD" class="mw-redirect" title="Retículo QCD">retículo QCD</a> (LQCD). Contudo, outras técnicas são efetivas para quarkônios pesados. </p><p>Os mésons de quarks leves movem-se em velocidades <a href="/wiki/Relatividade_especial" class="mw-redirect" title="Relatividade especial">relativísticas</a>, já que a massa do estado de ligação é muito maior que a massa do quark. Contudo, a velocidade dos quarks charm e bottom em seus respectivos quarkônios é suficiente pequena, então efeitos relativísticos afetam essem estados, porém menos. A velocidade estimada é de 0.3 vezes a <a href="/wiki/Velocidade_da_luz" title="Velocidade da luz">velocidade da luz</a> para o charmônio e 0.1 vezes a velocidade da luz para o bottomônio. A computação pode ser aproximada por uma expansão em poderes de <b>v/c</b> e <b>v<sup>2</sup>/c<sup>2</sup></b>. Essa técnica é chamada <a href="/w/index.php?title=QCD_n%C3%A3o_relativ%C3%ADstica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="QCD não relativística (página não existe)">QCD não relativística</a> (NRQCD). </p><p>NRQCD também tem sido quantizada como a <a href="/wiki/Teoria_do_ret%C3%ADculo_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Teoria do retículo gauge">teoria de retículo gauge</a>, que providencia outra técnica para cálculos de LQCD para se usar. Boas aceitações da massa do bottomônio, e isso provê um dos melhores testes não perturbativos do LQCD. Para as medidas de massa do charmônio a aceitação não é muito boa, mas a comunidade LQCD está ativamento trabalhando em desenvolver as suas técnicas. O trabalho também tem sido feito em cálculos de propriedades de quarkônio e estados de transição entre estados. </p><p><br /> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation journal">LHCb collaboration; Aaij, R.; Abellan Beteta, C.; Adeva, B.; Adinolfi, M.; Adrover, C.; Affolder, A.; Ajaltouni, Z.; et al. (fevereiro de 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inspirehep.net/record/1221245?ln=en">«Determination of the X(3872) meson quantum numbers»</a>. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. <b>1302</b> (22). 6269 páginas. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013arXiv1302.6269L">2013arXiv1302.6269L</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1302.6269">1302.6269</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.110.222001">10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.222001</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AQuark%C3%B4nio&rft.atitle=Determination+of+the+X%283872%29+meson+quantum+numbers&rft.au=Aaij%2C+R.&rft.au=Abellan+Beteta%2C+C.&rft.au=Adeva%2C+B.&rft.au=Adinolfi%2C+M.&rft.au=Adrover%2C+C.&rft.au=Affolder%2C+A.&rft.au=Ajaltouni%2C+Z.&rft.au=Albrecht%2C+J.&rft.au=LHCb+collaboration&rft.date=2013-02&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=22&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft.volume=1302&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finspirehep.net%2Frecord%2F1221245%3Fln%3Den&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1302.6269&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013arXiv1302.6269L&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.110.222001&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infn.it/news/newsen.php?id=351">«A new particle discovered by BaBar experiment»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istituto_Nazionale_di_Fisica_Nucleare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (página não existe)">Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare</a>. 6 de julho de 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 6 de março de 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AQuark%C3%B4nio&rft.btitle=A+new+particle+discovered+by+BaBar+experiment&rft.date=2005-07-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Istituto+Nazionale+di+Fisica+Nucleare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infn.it%2Fnews%2Fnewsen.php%3Fid%3D351&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation journal">B. Aubert <i>et al.</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=BaBar_experiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BaBar experiment (página não existe)">BaBar Collaboration</a>) (2005). «Observation of a broad structure in the π<sup>+</sup>π<sup>−</sup>J/ψ mass spectrum around <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7000426000000000000♠</span>4.26 GeV/<i>c</i><sup>2</sup></span>». <i><a href="/wiki/Physical_Review_Letters" title="Physical Review Letters">Physical Review Letters</a></i>. <b>95</b> (14). 142001 páginas. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005PhRvL..95n2001A">2005PhRvL..95n2001A</a>. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0506081">hep-ex/0506081</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.95.142001">10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.142001</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AQuark%C3%B4nio&rft.atitle=Observation+of+a+broad+structure+in+the+%26pi%3B%3Csup%3E%2B%3C%2Fsup%3E%26pi%3B%3Csup%3E%88%92%3C%2Fsup%3EJ%2F%26psi%3B+mass+spectrum+around+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Anone%22+class%3D%22sortkey%22%3E7000426000000000000%99%A0%3C%2Fspan%3E4.26+GeV%2Fc%3Csup%3E2%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.au=B.+Aubert+%27%27et+al.%27%27+%28BaBar+Collaboration%29&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=14&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft.volume=95&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fhep-ex%2F0506081&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005PhRvL..95n2001A&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.95.142001&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arxivchib3p-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-arxivchib3p_4-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-arxivchib3p_4-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation arxiv"><a href="/wiki/ATLAS_(experi%C3%AAncia)" title="ATLAS (experiência)">ATLAS Collaboration</a> (2012). «Observation of a new <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>χ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />b</span></span> state in radiative transitions to <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ϒ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span>(1S) and <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ϒ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span>(2S) at ATLAS». <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/1112.5154v4">1112.5154v4</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span> [<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/archive/hep-ex">hep-ex</a>]</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AQuark%C3%B4nio&rft.atitle=Observation+of+a+new+%3Cspan+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ainline-block%3Bmargin-bottom%3A-0.3em%3Bvertical-align%3A0.8em%3Bline-height%3A1.0em%3Bfont-size%3A80%25%3Btext-align%3Aright%22%3E%3Cbr+%2F%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%26chi%3B%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ainline-block%3Bmargin-bottom%3A-0.3em%3Bvertical-align%3A-0.4em%3Bline-height%3A1.0em%3Bfont-size%3A80%25%3Btext-align%3Aleft%22%3E%3Cbr+%2F%3Eb%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E+state+in+radiative+transitions+to+%3Cspan+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ainline-block%3Bmargin-bottom%3A-0.3em%3Bvertical-align%3A0.8em%3Bline-height%3A1.0em%3Bfont-size%3A80%25%3Btext-align%3Aright%22%3E%3Cbr+%2F%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%CF%92%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ainline-block%3Bmargin-bottom%3A-0.3em%3Bvertical-align%3A0.8em%3Bline-height%3A1.0em%3Bfont-size%3A80%25%3Btext-align%3Aleft%22%3E%3Cbr+%2F%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%281S%29+and+%3Cspan+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ainline-block%3Bmargin-bottom%3A-0.3em%3Bvertical-align%3A0.8em%3Bline-height%3A1.0em%3Bfont-size%3A80%25%3Btext-align%3Aright%22%3E%3Cbr+%2F%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%CF%92%3Cspan+style%3D%22display%3Ainline-block%3Bmargin-bottom%3A-0.3em%3Bvertical-align%3A0.8em%3Bline-height%3A1.0em%3Bfont-size%3A80%25%3Btext-align%3Aleft%22%3E%3Cbr+%2F%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%282S%29+at+ATLAS&rft.au=ATLAS+Collaboration&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=preprint&rft.jtitle=arXiv&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2F1112.5154v4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation news">Jonathan Amos (22 de dezembro de 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-16301908">«LHC reports discovery of its first new particle»</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AQuark%C3%B4nio&rft.atitle=LHC+reports+discovery+of+its+first+new+particle&rft.au=Jonathan+Amos&rft.date=2011-12-22&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscience-environment-16301908&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.symmetrymagazine.org/breaking/2012/04/09/tevatron-experiment-confirms-lhc-discovery-of-chi-b-p3-particle/">Tevatron experiment confirms LHC discovery of Chi-b (P3) particle</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-d0.fnal.gov/Run2Physics/WWW/results/final/B/B12A/B12A.pdf">Observation of a narrow mass state decaying into Υ(1S) + γ in pp collisions at 1.96 TeV</a></i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quark%C3%B4nio&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_upsilon" title="Méson upsilon">méson upsilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_theta" title="Méson theta">méson theta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son" title="Méson">méson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_fi" title="Méson fi">méson fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_phi" class="mw-redirect" title="Méson phi">méson phi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_omega" title="Méson omega">méson omega</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Física_de_partículas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Part%C3%ADculas_elementares" title="Predefinição:Partículas elementares"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Part%C3%ADculas_elementares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Partículas elementares (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Part%C3%ADculas_elementares&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none 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class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Quark" title="Quark">Quarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Quark_u" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark u">u</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_d" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark d">d</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_c" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark c">c</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_s" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark s">s</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_t" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark t">t</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Quark_b" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark b">b</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_u" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark u"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">u</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_d" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark d"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">d</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_c" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark c"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">c</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_s" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark s"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">s</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_t" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark t"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">t</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antiquark_b" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiquark b"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">b</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9pton" title="Lépton">Léptons</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/El%C3%A9tron" title="Elétron"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>e<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">−<br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B3sitron" title="Pósitron"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>e<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">+<br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%A3o" title="Muão"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>μ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">−<br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antim%C3%BAon" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimúon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>μ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">+<br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tau" class="mw-redirect" title="Tau"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>τ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">−<br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Antitau" title="Antitau"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>τ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">+<br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Neutrino_do_el%C3%A9tron" title="Neutrino do elétron"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ν<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />e</span></span></a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Antineutrino_do_el%C3%A9tron" title="Antineutrino do elétron"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />e</span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Neutrino_do_m%C3%BAon" title="Neutrino do múon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ν<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />μ</span></span></a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Antineutrino_de_m%C3%BAon" class="mw-redirect" title="Antineutrino de múon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />μ</span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Neutrino_do_tau" title="Neutrino do tau"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ν<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />τ</span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Antineutrino_do_tau" title="Antineutrino do tau"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span><span style="text-decoration:overline;">ν</span><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br />τ</span></span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3son" title="Bóson">Bósons</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3son_de_calibre" title="Bóson de calibre">Gauge</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3ton" class="mw-redirect" title="Fóton"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>γ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%BAon" title="Glúon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>g<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3sons_W_e_Z" title="Bósons W e Z"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>W<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">±<br /></span></span> <b>·</b>  <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>Z<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3son_escalar" title="Bóson escalar">Escalar</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3son_de_Higgs" title="Bóson de Higgs"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>H<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left">0<br /></span></span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Outras</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fantasma_de_Faddeev%E2%80%93Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasma de Faddeev–Popov">Fantasma de Faddeev–Popov</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADculas_hipot%C3%A9ticas" class="mw-redirect" title="Partículas hipotéticas">Hipotéticas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/S-part%C3%ADcula" title="S-partícula">S-partículas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Gaugino" title="Gaugino">Gauginos</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gluino" title="Gluino">Gluino</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gravitino" title="Gravitino">Gravitino</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Outras</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Axino" title="Axino">Axino</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Chargino" title="Chargino">Chargino</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Higgsino" title="Higgsino">Higgsino</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Neutralino" title="Neutralino">Neutralino</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sf%C3%A9rmion" title="Sférmion">Sférmion</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Outras</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81xion" title="Áxion">A<sup>0</sup></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Dilaton" title="Dilaton">Dilaton</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A1viton" title="Gráviton">G</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Majoron" title="Majoron"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>J<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Monopolo_magn%C3%A9tico" title="Monopolo magnético">m</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1quion" title="Táquion">Táquion</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3sons_X_e_Y" title="Bósons X e Y"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>X<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span> <b>·</b>  <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>Y<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3sons_W%27_e_Z%27" title="Bósons W' e Z'">W' <b>·</b>  Z'</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Neutrino_est%C3%A9ril" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutrino estéril">Neutrino estéril</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADcula_composta" title="Partícula composta">Composta</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1dron" title="Hádron">Hádrons</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion" title="Bárion">Bárions</a> / <a href="/wiki/H%C3%ADperon" title="Híperon">Híperons</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAcleon" title="Núcleon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>N<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> (<a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%B3ton" title="Próton"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>p<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/N%C3%AAutron" title="Nêutron"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>n<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion_Delta" title="Bárion Delta">Δ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion_Lambda" title="Bárion Lambda">Λ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion_sigma" title="Bárion sigma"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>Σ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion_Xi" title="Bárion Xi">Ξ</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion_omega" title="Bárion omega"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>Ω<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son" title="Méson">Mésons</a> / <a href="/wiki/Quark%C3%B3nio" class="mw-redirect" title="Quarkónio">Quarkónio</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%ADon" title="Píon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>π<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_rho" title="Méson rho"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ρ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eta_meson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eta meson"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>η<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Eta_prime_meson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eta prime meson"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>η′<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_phi" class="mw-redirect" title="Méson phi"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>φ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_omega" title="Méson omega"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ω<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_J/%CF%88" title="Méson J/ψ"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>J/ψ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Upsilon_meson" class="mw-redirect" title="Upsilon meson"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>ϒ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Theta_meson" class="mw-redirect" title="Theta meson"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>θ<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1on" title="Káon"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>K<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_B" title="Méson B"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>B<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_D" title="Méson D"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>D<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9son_T" title="Méson T"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:right"><br /></span>T<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.0em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><br /></span></span></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Outros</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAcleo_at%C3%B3mico" title="Núcleo atómico">Núcleo atómico</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%81tomo" title="Átomo">Átomos</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Diquark" title="Diquark">Diquarks</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%81tomo_ex%C3%B3tico" title="Átomo exótico">Átomos exóticos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Positr%C3%B3nio" class="mw-redirect" title="Positrónio">Positrónio</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tau%C3%B4nio" title="Tauônio">Tauônio</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%B3nio" title="Muónio">Muónio</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/%C3%93nio" title="Ónio">Ónio</a>) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Super%C3%A1tomo" class="mw-redirect" title="Superátomo">Superátomos</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula" title="Molécula">Moléculas</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Part%C3%ADculas_compostas_hipot%C3%A9ticas" title="Categoria:Partículas compostas hipotéticas">Hipotéticas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A1dron_ex%C3%B3tico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hádron exótico (página não existe)">Hádrons exóticos</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1rion_ex%C3%B3tico" title="Bárion exótico">Bárions exóticos</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Dib%C3%A1rion" title="Dibárion">Dibárion</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pentaquark" title="Pentaquark">Pentaquark</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Skyrmion" title="Skyrmion">Skyrmion</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A9son_ex%C3%B3tico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Méson exótico (página não existe)">Mésons exóticos</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Glueball" title="Glueball">Glueball</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tetraquark" title="Tetraquark">Tetraquark</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;;font-weight:normal;">Outras</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A9cula_mes%C3%B4nica" title="Molécula mesônica">Molécula mesônica</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pomeron" title="Pomeron">Pomeron</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Quase-part%C3%ADcula" class="mw-redirect" title="Quase-partícula">Quase-partículas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Collexon" title="Collexon">Collexon</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B3liton_de_Davydov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sóliton de Davydov (página não existe)">Sóliton de Davydov</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Exc%C3%ADton" title="Excíton">Excíton</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%A3o-buraco" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrão-buraco">Elétron-buraco</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Magnon" title="Magnon">Magnon</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B4non" title="Fônon">Fônon</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Pi-ton" title="Pi-ton">Pi-ton</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Plasmaron" title="Plasmaron">Plasmaron</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Plasmon" title="Plasmon">Plasmon</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Polariton" title="Polariton">Polariton</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Polaron" title="Polaron">Polaron</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Roton" title="Roton">Roton</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Trion_(quasipart%C3%ADcula)" title="Trion (quasipartícula)">Trion</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Listas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_part%C3%ADculas" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista de partículas">Lista de partículas</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_quasipart%C3%ADculas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista de quasipartículas (página não existe)">Lista de quasipartículas</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_b%C3%A1rions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista de bárions (página não existe)">Lista de bárions</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_m%C3%A9sons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista de mésons (página não existe)">Lista de mésons</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Cronologia_da_descoberta_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Cronologia da descoberta de partículas">Cronologia da descoberta de partículas</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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