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The LORD will create a new thing on earth— the woman will return to the man.&#8221 <a href="/nlt/jeremiah/31.htm">New Living Translation</a> How long will you wander, my wayward daughter? For the LORD will cause something new to happen— Israel will embrace her God.” <a href="/esv/jeremiah/31.htm">English Standard Version</a> How long will you waver, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing on the earth: a woman encircles a man.” <a href="/bsb/jeremiah/31.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> How long will you wander, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the land—a woman will shelter a man.” <a href="/kjv/jeremiah/31.htm">King James Bible</a> How long wilt thou go about, O thou backsliding daughter? for the LORD hath created a new thing in the earth, A woman shall compass a man. <a href="/nkjv/jeremiah/31.htm">New King James Version</a> How long will you gad about, O you backsliding daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the earth— A woman shall encompass a man.” <a href="/nasb_/jeremiah/31.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> “How long will you waver, You rebellious daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing on the earth: A woman will shelter a man.” <a href="/nasb/jeremiah/31.htm">NASB 1995</a> &#8220How long will you go here and there, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the earth— A woman will encompass a man.&#8221 <a href="/nasb77/jeremiah/31.htm">NASB 1977 </a> “How long will you go here and there, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the earth— A woman will encompass a man.” <a href="/lsb/jeremiah/31.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> How long will you go here and there, O faithless daughter? For Yahweh has created a new thing in the earth— A woman will encompass a man.” <a href="/amp/jeremiah/31.htm">Amplified Bible</a> “How long will you hesitate [to return], O you faithless and renegade daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the land [of Israel]: A woman will encompass (tenderly love) a man.” <a href="/csb/jeremiah/31.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> How long will you turn here and there, faithless daughter? For the LORD creates something new in the land — a female will shelter a man. <a href="/hcsb/jeremiah/31.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> How long will you turn here and there, faithless daughter? For the LORD creates something new in the land— a female will shelter a man. <a href="/asv/jeremiah/31.htm">American Standard Version</a> How long wilt thou go hither and thither, O thou backsliding daughter? for Jehovah hath created a new thing in the earth: A woman shall encompass a man. <a href="/cev/jeremiah/31.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Will you ever decide to be faithful? I will make sure that someday things will be different, as different as a woman protecting a man. <a href="/erv/jeremiah/31.htm">English Revised Version</a> How long wilt thou go hither and thither, O thou backsliding daughter? for the LORD hath created a new thing in the earth, A woman shall encompass a man. <a href="/gwt/jeremiah/31.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> How long will you wander around, you unfaithful people? The LORD will create something new on earth: A woman will protect a man. <a href="/gnt/jeremiah/31.htm">Good News Translation</a> How long will you hesitate, faithless people? I have created something new and different, as different as a woman protecting a man." <a href="/isv/jeremiah/31.htm">International Standard Version</a> How long will you go this way and that, rebellious daughter? Indeed, the LORD will create a new thing on the earth; a woman will protect a man. <a href="/msb/jeremiah/31.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> How long will you wander, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the land?a woman will shelter a man.? <a href="/net/jeremiah/31.htm">NET Bible</a> How long will you vacillate, you who were once like an unfaithful daughter? For I, the LORD, promise to bring about something new on the earth, something as unique as a woman protecting a man!'" <a href="/nheb/jeremiah/31.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> How long will you go here and there, you backsliding daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing in the earth: a woman shall encompass a man." <a href="/wbt/jeremiah/31.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> How long wilt thou wander about, O thou backsliding daughter? for the LORD hath created a new thing in the earth, A woman shall compass a man. <a href="/web/jeremiah/31.htm">World English Bible</a> How long will you go here and there, you backsliding daughter? For Yahweh has created a new thing in the earth: a woman will encompass a man.” <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/jeremiah/31.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> Until when do you withdraw yourself, O backsliding daughter? For YHWH has prepared a new thing in the land, "" Woman surrounds man.” <a href="/ylt/jeremiah/31.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Till when dost thou withdraw thyself, O backsliding daughter? For Jehovah hath prepared a new thing in the land, Woman doth compass man. <a href="/slt/jeremiah/31.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> How long wilt thou wander about, O daughter turning away? for Jehovah created a new thing in the earth: A female shall go about a male.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/jeremiah/31.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> How long wilt thou be dissolute in deliciousness, O wandering daughter? for the Lord hath created a new thing upon the earth: A WOMAN SHALL COMPASS A MAN. <a href="/cpdv/jeremiah/31.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> How long will you be absorbed in delights, O wandering daughter? For the Lord has created something new upon the earth: a woman will encompass a man.” <a href="/nabre/jeremiah/31.htm">New American Bible</a> How long will you continue to hesitate, rebellious daughter? The LORD has created a new thing upon the earth: woman encompasses man. <a href="/nrsvce/jeremiah/31.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> How long will you waver, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing on the earth: a woman encompasses a man.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/jeremiah/31.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> How long will you hesitate, O backsliding daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing on the earth, a woman shall love her husband. <a href="/hpbt/jeremiah/31.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> How long are you doubting, backsliding daughter? For LORD JEHOVAH has created a new thing in the earth: a female shall passionately love a husband <div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/jeremiah/31.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> How long wilt thou turn away coyly, O thou backsliding daughter? For the LORD hath created a new thing in the earth: A woman shall court a man. <a href="/sep/jeremiah/31.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> How long, O disgraced daughter, wilt thou turn away? for the Lord has created safety for a new plantation: men shall go about in safety. <a href="/parallel/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/5k55c51ZGhs?start=9420" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/jeremiah/31.htm">Mourning Turned to Joy</a> …21“Set up the roadmarks, establish the signposts. Keep the highway in mind, the road you have traveled. Return, O Virgin Israel, return to these cities of yours. 22<a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">How long</a> <a href="/hebrew/4970.htm" title="4970: mā·ṯay (Interrog) -- When?. From an unused root meaning to extend; properly, extent; but used only adverbially, when."></a> <a href="/hebrew/2559.htm" title="2559: tiṯ·ḥam·mā·qîn (V-Hitpael-Imperf-2fs:: Pn) -- To turn away. A primitive root; properly, to wrap; hence, to depart.">will you wander,</a> <a href="/hebrew/7728.htm" title="7728: haš·šō·w·ḇê·ḇāh (Art:: Adj-fs) -- Turning back, apostate. From shuwb; apostate, i.e. Heathenish or heathen.">O faithless</a> <a href="/hebrew/1323.htm" title="1323: hab·baṯ (Art:: N-fs) -- Daughter. From banah; a daughter.">daughter?</a> <a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî- (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">For</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/1254.htm" title="1254: ḇā·rā (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To create, to cut down, select, feed. A primitive root; to create; to cut down, select, feed.">has created</a> <a href="/hebrew/2319.htm" title="2319: ḥă·ḏā·šāh (Adj-fs) -- New. From chadash; new.">a new thing</a> <a href="/hebrew/776.htm" title="776: bā·’ā·reṣ (Prep-b, Art:: N-fs) -- Earth, land. From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth.">in the land—</a> <a href="/hebrew/5347.htm" title="5347: nə·qê·ḇāh (N-fs) -- A female. From naqab; female.">a woman</a> <a href="/hebrew/5437.htm" title="5437: tə·sō·w·ḇêḇ (V-Piel-Imperf-3fs) -- A primitive root; to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively.">will shelter</a> <a href="/hebrew/1397.htm" title="1397: gā·ḇer (N-ms) -- Man. From gabar; properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply.">a man.”</a> 23This is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: “When I restore them from captivity, they will once again speak this word in the land of Judah and in its cities: ‘May the LORD bless you, O righteous dwelling place, O holy mountain.’…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/isaiah/7-14.htm">Isaiah 7:14</a> Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin will be with child and give birth to a son, and will call Him Immanuel. <a href="/genesis/3-15.htm">Genesis 3:15</a> And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed. He will crush your head, and you will strike his heel.” <a href="/matthew/1-23.htm">Matthew 1:23</a> “Behold, the virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call Him Immanuel” (which means, “God with us”). <a href="/luke/1-34.htm">Luke 1:34-35</a> “How can this be,” Mary asked the angel, “since I am a virgin?” / The angel replied, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. So the Holy One to be born will be called the Son of God. <a href="/isaiah/9-6.htm">Isaiah 9:6</a> For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given, and the government will be upon His shoulders. And He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. <a href="/micah/5-3.htm">Micah 5:3</a> Therefore Israel will be abandoned until she who is in labor has given birth; then the rest of His brothers will return to the children of Israel. <a href="/galatians/4-4.htm">Galatians 4:4</a> But when the time had fully come, God sent His Son, born of a woman, born under the law, <a href="/revelation/12-5.htm">Revelation 12:5</a> And she gave birth to a son, a male child, who will rule all the nations with an iron scepter. And her child was caught up to God and to His throne. <a href="/hosea/11-9.htm">Hosea 11:9</a> I will not execute the full fury of My anger; I will not destroy Ephraim again. For I am God and not man—the Holy One among you—and I will not come in wrath. <a href="/isaiah/42-9.htm">Isaiah 42:9</a> Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.” <a href="/isaiah/43-19.htm">Isaiah 43:19</a> Behold, I am about to do something new; even now it is coming. Do you not see it? Indeed, I will make a way in the wilderness and streams in the desert. <a href="/isaiah/54-1.htm">Isaiah 54:1</a> “Shout for joy, O barren woman, who bears no children; break forth in song and cry aloud, you who have never travailed; because more are the children of the desolate woman than of her who has a husband,” says the LORD. <a href="/isaiah/66-7.htm">Isaiah 66:7-8</a> “Before she was in labor, she gave birth; before she was in pain, she delivered a boy. / Who has heard of such as this? Who has seen such things? Can a country be born in a day or a nation be delivered in an instant? Yet as soon as Zion was in labor, she gave birth to her children. <a href="/romans/8-3.htm">Romans 8:3</a> For what the law was powerless to do in that it was weakened by the flesh, God did by sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful man, as an offering for sin. He thus condemned sin in the flesh, <a href="/1_timothy/2-15.htm">1 Timothy 2:15</a> Women, however, will be saved through childbearing, if they continue in faith, love, and holiness, with self-control.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>How long will you go about, O you backsliding daughter? for the LORD has created a new thing in the earth, A woman shall compass a man.How.<a href="/jeremiah/2-18.htm">Jeremiah 2:18,23,36</a> And now what hast thou to do in the way of Egypt, to drink the waters of Sihor? or what hast thou to do in the way of Assyria, to drink the waters of the river? … <a href="/jeremiah/4-14.htm">Jeremiah 4:14</a> O Jerusalem, wash thine heart from wickedness, that thou mayest be saved. How long shall thy vain thoughts lodge within thee?<a href="/jeremiah/13-27.htm">Jeremiah 13:27</a> I have seen thine adulteries, and thy neighings, the lewdness of thy whoredom, and thine abominations on the hills in the fields. Woe unto thee, O Jerusalem! wilt thou not be made clean? when shall it once be?backsliding.<a href="/jeremiah/3-6.htm">Jeremiah 3:6,8,11,12,14,22</a> The LORD said also unto me in the days of Josiah the king, Hast thou seen that which backsliding Israel hath done? she is gone up upon every high mountain and under every green tree, and there hath played the harlot… <a href="/jeremiah/7-24.htm">Jeremiah 7:24</a> But they hearkened not, nor inclined their ear, but walked in the counsels and in the imagination of their evil heart, and went backward, and not forward.<a href="/jeremiah/8-4.htm">Jeremiah 8:4-6</a> Moreover thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the LORD; Shall they fall, and not arise? shall he turn away, and not return? … created.<a href="/numbers/16-30.htm">Numbers 16:30</a> But if the LORD make a new thing, and the earth open her mouth, and swallow them up, with all that appertain unto them, and they go down quick into the pit; then ye shall understand that these men have provoked the LORD.a woman.<a href="/genesis/3-15.htm">Genesis 3:15</a> And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.<a href="/isaiah/7-14.htm">Isaiah 7:14</a> Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.<a href="/matthew/1-21.htm">Matthew 1:21</a> And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call his name JESUS: for he shall save his people from their sins.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/jeremiah/15-6.htm">Backsliding</a> <a href="/jeremiah/30-3.htm">Changed</a> <a href="/isaiah/50-11.htm">Compass</a> <a href="/jeremiah/29-2.htm">Court</a> <a href="/isaiah/65-18.htm">Create</a> <a href="/isaiah/57-16.htm">Created</a> <a href="/jeremiah/14-17.htm">Daughter</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-8.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/isaiah/50-11.htm">Encompass</a> <a href="/jeremiah/5-11.htm">Faithless</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-8.htm">Hither</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-12.htm">New</a> <a href="/isaiah/64-4.htm">Prepared</a> <a href="/proverbs/2-8.htm">Protects</a> <a href="/jeremiah/12-9.htm">Surround</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-21.htm">Turn</a> <a href="/jeremiah/23-22.htm">Turning</a> <a href="/jeremiah/5-11.htm">Unfaithful</a> <a href="/jeremiah/14-10.htm">Wander</a> <a href="/jeremiah/4-1.htm">Waver</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-21.htm">Way</a> <a href="/jeremiah/15-18.htm">Wilt</a> <a href="/jeremiah/21-2.htm">Withdraw</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/jeremiah/49-4.htm">Backsliding</a> <a href="/jeremiah/33-7.htm">Changed</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-39.htm">Compass</a> <a href="/jeremiah/32-2.htm">Court</a> <a href="/malachi/2-10.htm">Create</a> <a href="/ezekiel/21-30.htm">Created</a> <a href="/jeremiah/46-11.htm">Daughter</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-37.htm">Earth</a> <a href="/hosea/7-2.htm">Encompass</a> <a href="/jeremiah/49-4.htm">Faithless</a> <a href="/ezekiel/23-46.htm">Hither</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-25.htm">New</a> <a href="/jeremiah/46-14.htm">Prepared</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/13-7.htm">Protects</a> <a href="/ezekiel/5-6.htm">Surround</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-23.htm">Turn</a> <a href="/jeremiah/32-33.htm">Turning</a> <a href="/jeremiah/49-4.htm">Unfaithful</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-24.htm">Wander</a> <a href="/matthew/14-31.htm">Waver</a> <a href="/jeremiah/32-39.htm">Way</a> <a href="/jeremiah/38-15.htm">Wilt</a> <a href="/jeremiah/47-6.htm">Withdraw</a><div class="vheading2">Jeremiah 31</div>1. <a href="/jeremiah/31-1.htm">The restoration of Israel.</a> 10. <a href="/jeremiah/31-10.htm">The publication thereof.</a> 15. <a href="/jeremiah/31-15.htm">Rahel mourning is comforted.</a> 18. <a href="/jeremiah/31-18.htm">Ephraim repenting is brought home again.</a> 22. <a href="/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Christ is promised.</a> 27. <a href="/jeremiah/31-27.htm">His care over the church.</a> 31. <a href="/jeremiah/31-31.htm">His new covenant.</a> 35. <a href="/jeremiah/31-35.htm">The stability,</a> 38. <a href="/jeremiah/31-38.htm">and amplitude of the church.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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This phrase addresses the nation of Israel, often depicted as a wayward daughter in prophetic literature. The term "wander" suggests a state of spiritual and moral aimlessness, reflecting Israel's history of idolatry and covenant unfaithfulness. The use of "faithless daughter" underscores the intimate relationship God desires with His people, akin to a familial bond. This imagery is consistent with other prophetic texts, such as Hosea, where Israel is portrayed as an unfaithful spouse. The rhetorical question implies a call to repentance and a return to covenant faithfulness.For the LORD has created a new thing in the land— The phrase "a new thing" indicates a divine intervention that is unprecedented and transformative. In the context of Jeremiah, this "new thing" can be seen as part of the broader theme of restoration and renewal for Israel. The concept of God doing something new is echoed in <a href="/isaiah/43-19.htm">Isaiah 43:19</a>, where God promises to make a way in the wilderness. This suggests a future hope and redemption that transcends past failures. The "land" refers to the Promised Land, emphasizing that this new creation will occur within the covenantal boundaries given to Israel.a woman will shelter a man.” This enigmatic phrase has been the subject of much interpretation. In a cultural context where men were typically seen as protectors, the reversal of roles here is striking. Some interpretations suggest this could symbolize the reversal of Israel's fortunes, where the weak (represented by the woman) will protect the strong (represented by the man). Others see it as a messianic prophecy, pointing to the Virgin Birth of Christ, where Mary, a woman, shelters Jesus, the God-man. This aligns with the theme of God using the unexpected to fulfill His purposes, as seen throughout Scripture.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/j/jeremiah.htm">Jeremiah</a> A major prophet in the Old Testament, known for his messages of warning and hope to the people of Judah. 2. <a href="/topical/f/faithless_daughter.htm">Faithless Daughter</a> Symbolically represents the nation of Israel, often depicted as unfaithful to God through idolatry and disobedience. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD</a> Refers to Yahweh, the covenant God of Israel, who is both just and merciful. 4. <a href="/topical/a/a_new_thing.htm">A New Thing</a> This phrase indicates a divine intervention or a miraculous event that God will bring about. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_land.htm">The Land</a> Refers to the land of Israel, the geographical and spiritual center of God's covenant with His people.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_call_to_repentance.htm">God's Call to Repentance</a> The question "How long will you wander, O faithless daughter?" is a call for self-examination and repentance. It challenges us to consider areas in our lives where we may be straying from God's path. <a href="/topical/d/divine_innovation.htm">Divine Innovation</a> The phrase "a new thing" reminds us that God is always at work, often in unexpected ways. We should remain open to His guidance and be willing to embrace change that aligns with His will. <a href="/topical/r/role_of_women_in_god's_plan.htm">Role of Women in God's Plan</a> The statement "a woman will shelter a man" highlights the significant role women play in God's redemptive history. It encourages us to value and support the contributions of women in the church and society. <a href="/topical/t/trust_in_god's_sovereignty.htm">Trust in God's Sovereignty</a> Understanding that God is in control and can create new paths and solutions in our lives should lead us to trust Him more deeply, even when circumstances seem uncertain.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_jeremiah_31.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Jeremiah 31</a> <a href="/q/how_does_free_will_justify_evil.htm">Will you heed the warnings and remain faithful?</a> <a href="/q/why_hope_in_god_despite_abandonment.htm">(Psalm 27:10) Why does the text offer hope in God's unfailing care when the Bible elsewhere shows faithful people experiencing abandonment or disaster?</a> <a href="/q/does_idolatry_undermine_ezekiel_11_19.htm">Ezekiel 11:19 promises a new heart and spirit, yet biblical and historical records show repeated relapses into idolatry--does this undermine the authenticity of that divine promise?</a> <a href="/q/do_your_desires_align_with_god's_will.htm">How can one return after backsliding from faith?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/jeremiah/31.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(22) How long wilt thou go about . . .?--The word describes the restless pacing to and fro of impatient, unsatisfied desire. The backsliding daughter--i.e., the adulterous yet now penitent wife--is described, like Gomer in the parable or history of <a href="/hosea/2-7.htm" title="And she shall follow after her lovers, but she shall not overtake them; and she shall seek them, but shall not find them: then shall she say, I will go and return to my first husband; for then was it better with me than now.">Hosea 2:7</a>, as hesitating between her lovers and her husband.A woman shall compass a man.--The verse is obscure, and has received very different interpretations. It will be well to begin our inquiry with the meaning which the translators attached to it. On this point the following quotation from Shakespeare is decisive :--"If I can check my erring love, I will;If not, to compass her I'll use my skill."Two Gentlemen of Verona, ii. 4.To "compass" is to woo and win. And this gives, it is believed, the true meaning. The Hebrew verb (which presents a striking assonance with the word for "backsliding") means literally "to go round about," and this (as in <a href="/psalms/26-6.htm" title="I will wash my hands in innocence: so will I compass your altar, O LORD:">Psalm 26:6</a>; <a href="/psalms/32-7.htm" title="You are my hiding place; you shall preserve me from trouble; you shall compass me about with songs of deliverance. Selah.">Psalm 32:7</a>; <a href="/psalms/32-10.htm" title="Many sorrows shall be to the wicked: but he that trusts in the LORD, mercy shall compass him about.">Psalm 32:10</a>) as an act of reverential tenderness and love. In the normal order of man's life, the bridegroom woos the bride. In the spiritual relationship which the prophet has in view, this shall be inverted, and Israel, the erring but repentant wife, shall woo her Divine husband. The history of Gomer in <a href="/context/hosea/2-14.htm" title="Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably to her.">Hosea 2:14-20</a> again presents a striking parallel. A like inversion of the normal order is indicated, though with a different meaning, in <a href="/isaiah/4-1.htm" title="And in that day seven women shall take hold of one man, saying, We will eat our own bread, and wear our own apparel: only let us be called by your name, to take away our reproach.">Isaiah 4:1</a>, where the seven women might be said to "compass" the one man. It may be noticed that the words used express the contrast of the two sexes in the strongest possible form. A female shall compass (i.e., woo) a male, possibly as emphasising the fact that what the prophet describes was an exception to the normal order, not of human society only, but of the whole animal society. By some interpreters (Ewald) the words are rendered "a woman shall be turned into a man;" meaning that the weak shall be made strong, as a kind of contrast to the opposite kind of transformation in <a href="/jeremiah/30-6.htm" title="Ask you now, and see whether a man does travail with child? why do I see every man with his hands on his loins, as a woman in travail, and all faces are turned into paleness?">Jeremiah 30:6</a>; but this gives a far less satisfactory meaning, and the same may be said of such translations as "the woman shall protect the man," and "a woman shall put a man to flight." The notion that the words can in even the remotest degree be connected with the mystery of the Incarnation belongs to the region of dreams, and not of realities; and, lacking as it does the support of even any allusive reference to it in the New Testament, can only be regarded, in spite of the authority of the many Fathers and divines who have adopted it, as the outgrowth of a devout but uncritical imagination. The word used for "woman," indeed, absolutely excludes the idea of the virgin-birth. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/jeremiah/31.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 22. - How long wilt thou go about? We must suppose the Israelites to be hesitating whether to set out on their journey or not. They are now admonished to put away their rebellious reluctance, and a special reason for this is added. The Lord hath created - i.e. hath decreed to create - a new thing in the earth (or, in the land); comp. <a href="/isaiah/43-19.htm">Isaiah 43:19</a> which suggests that a complete reversal of ordinary experience is indicated, as indeed the word create of itself prepares us to expect. And what is this promise granted as a sign to reluctant Israel? A woman shall compass a man; i.e. instead of shyly keeping aloof, or worse (as hitherto), Israel, Jehovah's bride, shall, with eager affection, press around her Divine husband. The phrase, however, is extremely difficult. Of other explanations, the most plausible philologically is that of Schnurrer and Gesenius, "a woman shall protect a man" (comp. <a href="/deuteronomy/32-10.htm">Deuteronomy 32:10</a>). The part of a sentinel, pacing round and round his charge, seems most unfitted for a woman. When enemies are abroad, it is the men's natural duty to perform this part for the women. But in the coming age, the country shall be so free from danger that the places of men and women may safely be reversed. But would a paradox of this kind be likely to be uttered in this connection? Surely a clearer statement would be necessary to remove the reluctance of the Israelites. Vers. 19, 20 suggest that Ephraim needed reassurance as to the attitude of Jehovah towards him. The promise of ver. 22, as explained above, would give precisely the needed strength and comfort. The exposition of St. Jerome and other Fathers, that the birth of Christ from a virgin is referred to, is altogether inadmissible, (1) because the nouns which form the subject and the predicate respectively indicate sex, not age, and the first in particular cannot be tortured so as to mean "virgin;" and (2) there is no article to confine the reference to any particular persons. <a href="/commentaries/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>How long עַד־ (‘aḏ-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5704.htm">Strong's 5704: </a> As far as, even to, up to, until, while will you wander, תִּתְחַמָּקִ֔ין (tiṯ·ḥam·mā·qîn) Verb - Hitpael - Imperfect - second person feminine singular | Paragogic nun <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2559.htm">Strong's 2559: </a> To wrap, to depart O faithless הַשּֽׁוֹבֵבָ֑ה (haš·šō·w·ḇê·ḇāh) Article | Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7728.htm">Strong's 7728: </a> Apostate, heathenish, heathen daughter? הַבַּ֖ת (hab·baṯ) Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1323.htm">Strong's 1323: </a> A daughter For כִּֽי־ (kî-) Conjunction <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> A relative conjunction the LORD יְהוָ֤ה (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel has created בָרָ֨א (ḇā·rā) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1254.htm">Strong's 1254: </a> To create, to cut down, select, feed a new thing חֲדָשָׁה֙ (ḥă·ḏā·šāh) Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2319.htm">Strong's 2319: </a> New in the land— בָּאָ֔רֶץ (bā·’ā·reṣ) Preposition-b, Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_776.htm">Strong's 776: </a> Earth, land a woman נְקֵבָ֖ה (nə·qê·ḇāh) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5347.htm">Strong's 5347: </a> A female will surround תְּס֥וֹבֵֽב (tə·sō·w·ḇêḇ) Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5437.htm">Strong's 5437: </a> To turn about, go around, surround a man.” גָּֽבֶר׃ (gā·ḇer) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1397.htm">Strong's 1397: </a> A valiant man, warrior, a person simply <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/jeremiah/31-22.htm">Jeremiah 31:22 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/jeremiah/31-22.htm">OT Prophets: Jeremiah 31:22 How long will you go here (Jer.) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/jeremiah/31-21.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Jeremiah 31:21"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Jeremiah 31:21" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/jeremiah/31-23.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Jeremiah 31:23"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Jeremiah 31:23" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>