International Electrotechnical Commission

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-34398331-1"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-34398331-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path"});</script> <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-3F71XQS4K3" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" 0="src">window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-3F71XQS4K3');</script> <script>var _paq = _paq || [];(function(){var u=(("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ruby.ops.iec.ch/" : "https://ruby.ops.iec.ch/");_paq.push(["setSiteId", "3"]);_paq.push(["setTrackerUrl", u+"matomo.php"]);if (!window.matomo_search_results_active) {_paq.push(["trackPageView"]);}_paq.push(["setIgnoreClasses", ["no-tracking","colorbox"]]);_paq.push(["enableLinkTracking"]);var d=document,g=d.createElement("script"),s=d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];g.type="text/javascript";g.defer=true;g.async=true;g.src=u+"matomo.js";s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s);})();</script> <meta name="description" content="IEC everywhere for a safer and more efficient world. The IEC is a global, not-for-profit membership organization that brings together more than 170 countries and coordinates the work of 20,000 experts globally." /> <meta name="robots" content="index" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.iec.ch/homepage" /> <link rel="image_src" href="/system/files/2024-09/socialmedia_iec.jpg" /> <link rel="icon" href="/system/files/2024-11/512_logo.jpg" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="16x16" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="32x32" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="96x96" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="192x192" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png" /> <meta property="og:type" content="Basic page" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.iec.ch/homepage" /> <meta property="og:title" content="International Electrotechnical Commission" /> <meta property="og:description" content="IEC everywhere for a safer and more efficient world. The IEC is a global, not-for-profit membership organization that brings together more than 170 countries and coordinates the work of 20,000 experts globally." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.iec.ch/system/files/2024-09/socialmedia_iec.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://www.iec.ch/system/files/2024-11/512_logo.jpg" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#0060AA" /> <link rel="manifest" href="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/manifest.json" crossorigin="use-credentials" /> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/browserconfig.xml" /> <meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/mstile-150x150.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/mstile-310x310.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/mstile-70x70.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/mstile-310x150.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-tilecolor" content="#0060AA" /> <meta name="msapplication-tileimage" content="/themes/custom/iec/favicons/mstile-144x144.png" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <style>div#sliding-popup, div#sliding-popup .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab {background: #0779bf} div#sliding-popup.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper { background: transparent; } #sliding-popup h1, #sliding-popup h2, #sliding-popup h3, #sliding-popup p, #sliding-popup label, #sliding-popup div, .eu-cookie-compliance-more-button, .eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button, .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { color: #ffffff;} .eu-cookie-withdraw-tab { border-color: #ffffff;}</style> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://www.iec.ch/homepage" /> <title>International Electrotechnical Commission</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_RdU8k8KzYFwe-qwH-tIcCPnk66YiPyDkUwxeFa74UeQ.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.5.0/css/all.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.5.0/css/v4-shims.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_4QdgEWPozTelkx6Z1MTZ1AQlOmMANSMK4zb1PEUahMQ.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha256-bZLfwXAP04zRMK2BjiO8iu9pf4FbLqX6zitd+tIvLhE=" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@unicorn-fail/drupal-bootstrap-styles@0.0.2/dist/3.4.0/8.x-3.x/drupal-bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha512-tGFFYdzcicBwsd5EPO92iUIytu9UkQR3tLMbORL9sfi/WswiHkA1O3ri9yHW+5dXk18Rd+pluMeDBrPKSwNCvw==" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//unpkg.com/ionicons@4.4.2/dist/css/ionicons.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i|Roboto+Condensed:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i|Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i&display=swap" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_At70hQY3ILLIA-4BhSxL85Yn6TPoi97IqfRpZ-yDQ-A.css?delta=8&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.11.5/css/jquery.dataTables.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/buttons/2.2.2/css/buttons.dataTables.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/rowgroup/1.2.0/css/rowGroup.bootstrap.min.css" /> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/10773","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJyFUoFywyAI_SEbP8kjShMaFU-waf5-ZlvTrutud548ngjKAy5wc5EhYLXwwIPOlccRqxnBL065r2KfsCPP-c_Di5iRWUUrFFu48HXPdDDKHJWK8VzRhtoKxCEQRJ6G_Q0mbBkSeRdh46ZiX3x3rpwVczDYnGdeCLtJJRJkj_Yd6QKeoUU1eNNIeblX_XbNuSeEFYUT2ic8rDjurvwbMMhMyUzMU0QHGeKm5MW-EobQW88tays7doHXvLfc9cb4pYvwjhx-3HcJKPperuzBp8MzCZQT2y9jknoo6mewBzpBSJRP4iuV_qd3EZHG47xAhanrNcu9XQ9maLm0MZLMGIyw7-q5hF1Et_dT7G-qjxQmNLKJYurTImiuhKvYz31IHFrED1a3Aqo","theme":"iec","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"form_action_p_pvdeGsVG5zNF_XLGPTvYSKCf43t8qZYSwcfZl2uzM":true},"ajaxLoader":{"markup":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022ajax-throbber sk-circle\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sk-circle-dot\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E","hideAjaxMessage":true,"alwaysFullscreen":true,"throbberPosition":"body"},"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":100,"back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":true,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":false,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"account":"UA-34398331-1","trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip"},"matomo":{"disableCookies":false,"trackMailto":true},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":true,"extTargetNoOverride":true,"extNofollow":true,"extNoreferrer":true,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"0","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":false,"extExclude":"","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":false,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site. We are not responsible for their content.","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"eu_cookie_compliance":{"cookie_policy_version":"1.0.0","popup_enabled":true,"popup_agreed_enabled":false,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":false,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--opt-in\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EBy clicking the Accept button, you agree to us doing so. \u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 href=\u0022\/node\/40319\u0022\u003EMore info\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button\u0022\u003EAccept\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022decline-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003ENo, thanks\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--opt-in\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button\u0022\u003EAccept\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022decline-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003ENo, thanks\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":768,"popup_html_agreed":false,"popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"\/privacy","popup_link_new_window":true,"popup_position":false,"fixed_top_position":true,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":false,"cookie_name":"","reload_page":false,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":false,"popup_eu_only":false,"popup_eu_only_js":false,"cookie_lifetime":100,"cookie_session":0,"set_cookie_session_zero_on_disagree":0,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":false,"method":"opt_in","automatic_cookies_removal":true,"allowed_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EYou have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button \u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","withdraw_enabled":false,"reload_options":0,"reload_routes_list":"","withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"cookie_categories_details":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"cookie_value_disagreed":"0","cookie_value_agreed_show_thank_you":"1","cookie_value_agreed":"2","containing_element":"body","settings_tab_enabled":false,"olivero_primary_button_classes":"","olivero_secondary_button_classes":"","close_button_action":"","open_by_default":true,"modules_allow_popup":true,"hide_the_banner":false,"geoip_match":true},"iec_settings":{"webstore":{"url":"https:\/\/webstore.iec.ch","searchform":"\/searchform\u0026"},"advanced_search":{"url":"https:\/\/advsearch.iec.ch\/"}},"config":"{\u0022sitekey\u0022:\u0022MTPublic-4iOcPrDir\u0022,\u0022autoFormValidate\u0022:true,\u0022theme\u0022:\u0022neowhite\u0022,\u0022render\u0022:\u0022explicit\u0022,\u0022renderQueue\u0022:[],\u0022widgetSize\u0022:\u0022mini\u0022,\u0022enableOption\u0022:\u0022all\u0022,\u0022lang\u0022:\u0022en\u0022}","bootstrap":{"forms_has_error_value_toggle":1,"popover_enabled":1,"popover_animation":1,"popover_auto_close":1,"popover_container":"body","popover_content":"","popover_delay":"0","popover_html":0,"popover_placement":"right","popover_selector":"","popover_title":"","popover_trigger":"click","tooltip_enabled":1,"tooltip_animation":1,"tooltip_container":"body","tooltip_delay":"0","tooltip_html":0,"tooltip_placement":"auto left","tooltip_selector":"","tooltip_trigger":"hover"},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"a4224674ecc4366d7e2c1be2653ded8a972318b60708a62566bab90c7f21f7f4"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_2g2mk58gC-hC2ZmNgiVSVjoJSdmset05MmxbHMiDtbI.js?scope=header&delta=0&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg"></script> <script src="https://service.mtcaptcha.com/mtcv1/client/mtcaptcha.min.js" async></script> <script src="https://service.mtcaptcha.com/mtcv1/client/mtcaptcha2.min.js" async></script> </head> <body class="path-node page-node-type-page has-glyphicons"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="navbar navbar-default container" id="navbar" role="banner"> <div class="navbar-header"> <div class="region region-navigation"> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <div class="iec-full-width iec-top-menu-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="iec-top-menu-wrapper"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-topmenu--2-menu" id="block-topmenu--2"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-topmenu--2-menu">Top Menu</h2> <ul class="menu menu--top-menu nav"> <li class="first"> <a target="_self" href="https://advsearch.iec.ch/"><i class="fa fas fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="link-text">Advanced search</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://webstore.iec.ch/"><i class="fa fas fa-shopping-cart" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="link-text">Webstore</span></a> </li> <li> <a href="https://products.iec.ch/">IEC PSP</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://etech.iec.ch/">e-tech</a> </li> <li> <a target="_self" title="Capacity building" href="/academy/online-learning-platform">Online learning</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a title="Contact" href="/contact">Contact us</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <ul class="menu menu--account nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li class="last"> <div class="iec-dropdown iec-dropdown-account"> <span> <i class="fa fa-sign-in-alt menu-account-icon"></i>My IEC </span> <div class="iec-dropdown-content"> <a href="/iec/openid/authenticate?url_from=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iec.ch%2Fhomepage">Login</a> <a class="forgot-pwd" href="/iec/passwordrecovery">Forgot password ?</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div class="iec-top-menu-container"> <a class="iec-mobile-top-menu-item iec-toggle-menu-btn"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a> <a href="https://webstore.iec.ch" class="iec-mobile-top-menu-item iec-mobile-webstore-btn"> <i class="fa fas fa-shopping-cart" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <div class="iec-dropdown iec-dropdown-account"> <span class="iec-mobile-top-menu-item iec-mobile-account-menu"> <i class="fa fa-sign-in-alt menu-account-icon"></i>My IEC </span> <div class="iec-dropdown-content"> <a href="/iec/openid/authenticate?url_from=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iec.ch%2Fhomepage">Login</a> <a class="forgot-pwd" href="https://login.iec.ch/auth/realms/iecsso/login-actions/reset-credentials?client_id=myiec">Forgot password ?</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="iec-logo-header"> <a class="visible-xs-block visible-sm-block iec-logo iec-logo-mobile logo navbar-btn pull-left" href="/" title="Home" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/iec-logo-mobile.svg" alt="Home" /> </a> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm iec-logo iec-logo-desktop logo navbar-btn pull-left" href="/" title="Home" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/IEC_logo.jpg" alt="Home" /> </a> </div>  <div id="iec_modal_menu" class="modal fade iec-modal-menu" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-body"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="-menu"> <h2 id="-menu"></h2> <ul class="menu menu--main nav navbar-nav"> <li class="expanded dropdown first"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/standards-development">Standards development<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-732897905" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/standards-development" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Standards development</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/understanding-standards">Understanding standards</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tclist">List of TC/SCs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tcfacts">TC/SCs facts and figures</a> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a href="/standards-development/technical-committees-tools">TC tools</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/standards-development/new-projects">New projects</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/iec-patent-declarations">Patents</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-23700370" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/standards-development/new-projects">New projects</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/iec-patent-declarations">Patents</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/resource-area">TC/SCs resource area</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-732897905" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/understanding-standards">Understanding standards</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tclist">List of TC/SCs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tcfacts">TC/SCs facts and figures</a> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a href="/standards-development/technical-committees-tools">TC tools</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/standards-development/new-projects">New projects</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/iec-patent-declarations">Patents</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1189278568" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/standards-development/new-projects">New projects</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/iec-patent-declarations">Patents</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/resource-area">TC/SCs resource area</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/conformity-assessment">Conformity assessment<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-136126007" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/conformity-assessment" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Conformity assessment</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/what-conformity-assessment">What is conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/types-conformity-assessment">Types of conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/how-global-iec-ca-systems-operate">How the global IEC CA Systems operate</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-systems">IEC CA Systems</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-tools">CA tools</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-136126007" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/what-conformity-assessment">What is conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/types-conformity-assessment">Types of conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/how-global-iec-ca-systems-operate">How the global IEC CA Systems operate</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-systems">IEC CA Systems</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-tools">CA tools</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/where-we-make-difference">Where we make a difference<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1500330469" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/where-we-make-difference" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Where we make a difference</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/aecs">All-electric and connected society</a> </li> <li> <a href="/energies">Energy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/sdgs">SDGs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/climate-action">Climate action</a> </li> <li> <a href="/smart-manufacturing">Smart manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/healthcare">Healthcare</a> </li> <li> <a href="/cities-communities">Cities and communities</a> </li> <li> <a href="/transportation">Transportation</a> </li> <li> <a title="international standards and conformity assessment for cyber security" href="/cyber-security">Cyber security</a> </li> <li> <a href="/digitalization">Digitalization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ai">AI</a> </li> <li> <a href="/biodigital-convergence">Bio-digital convergence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/quantum-technology">Quantum technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/iot">IoT</a> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown last"> <a href="/fundamentals">Fundamentals</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/emc">EMC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/electropedia">Electropedia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ip-ratings">IP ratings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/si">SI - International system of units</a> </li> <li> <a href="/functional-safety">Safety</a> </li> <li> <a href="/terminology-symbols">Terminology & symbols</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/world-plugs">World plugs</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-301152504" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/emc">EMC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/electropedia">Electropedia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ip-ratings">IP ratings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/si">SI - International system of units</a> </li> <li> <a href="/functional-safety">Safety</a> </li> <li> <a href="/terminology-symbols">Terminology & symbols</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/world-plugs">World plugs</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1500330469" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/aecs">All-electric and connected society</a> </li> <li> <a href="/energies">Energy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/sdgs">SDGs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/climate-action">Climate action</a> </li> <li> <a href="/smart-manufacturing">Smart manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/healthcare">Healthcare</a> </li> <li> <a href="/cities-communities">Cities and communities</a> </li> <li> <a href="/transportation">Transportation</a> </li> <li> <a title="international standards and conformity assessment for cyber security" href="/cyber-security">Cyber security</a> </li> <li> <a href="/digitalization">Digitalization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ai">AI</a> </li> <li> <a href="/biodigital-convergence">Bio-digital convergence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/quantum-technology">Quantum technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/iot">IoT</a> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown last"> <a href="/fundamentals">Fundamentals</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/emc">EMC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/electropedia">Electropedia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ip-ratings">IP ratings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/si">SI - International system of units</a> </li> <li> <a href="/functional-safety">Safety</a> </li> <li> <a href="/terminology-symbols">Terminology & symbols</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/world-plugs">World plugs</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-2048375640" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/emc">EMC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/electropedia">Electropedia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ip-ratings">IP ratings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/si">SI - International system of units</a> </li> <li> <a href="/functional-safety">Safety</a> </li> <li> <a href="/terminology-symbols">Terminology & symbols</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/world-plugs">World plugs</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/who-benefits">Who benefits<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-2053072849" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/who-benefits" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Who benefits</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/industry">Industry</a> </li> <li> <a href="/government-regulators">Government & regulators</a> </li> <li> <a href="/international-organizations">International organizations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/developing-countries">Developing countries</a> </li> <li> <a href="/academia">Academia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/consortia">Consortia</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/how-get-involved">How to get involved</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-2053072849" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/industry">Industry</a> </li> <li> <a href="/government-regulators">Government & regulators</a> </li> <li> <a href="/international-organizations">International organizations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/developing-countries">Developing countries</a> </li> <li> <a href="/academia">Academia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/consortia">Consortia</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/how-get-involved">How to get involved</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/news-resources">News & resources<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1716747392" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/news-resources" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">News & resources</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/news-blogs">News and blogs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/press-releases">Press releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/subscribe">Newsletters</a> </li> <li> <a href="/events">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/committee-meetings">Committee meetings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news-resources/reference-material">Reference material</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/facts-figures">Facts & figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/resource-area">Resource area</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/basecamp">Basecamp</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1716747392" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/news-blogs">News and blogs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/press-releases">Press releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/subscribe">Newsletters</a> </li> <li> <a href="/events">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/committee-meetings">Committee meetings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news-resources/reference-material">Reference material</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/facts-figures">Facts & figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/resource-area">Resource area</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/basecamp">Basecamp</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/programmes-initiatives">Programmes & initiatives<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1694067176" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/programmes-initiatives" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Programmes & initiatives</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/academy">Academy & Capacity Building</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Affiliate Country Programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/young-professionals">Young Professionals</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-impact-fund">IEC Global Impact Fund</a> </li> <li> <a href="/women-iec">Women in standardization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-partnerships">Global partnerships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/mentoring-programme">Mentoring programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/online-standards-development">Online standards development (OSD)</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/digital-transformation-hub">Digital transformation</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1694067176" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/academy">Academy & Capacity Building</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Affiliate Country Programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/young-professionals">Young Professionals</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-impact-fund">IEC Global Impact Fund</a> </li> <li> <a href="/women-iec">Women in standardization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-partnerships">Global partnerships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/mentoring-programme">Mentoring programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/online-standards-development">Online standards development (OSD)</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/digital-transformation-hub">Digital transformation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown last"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/who-we-are">Who we are<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-379473096" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/who-we-are" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Who we are</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/what-we-do">What we do</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about-us">About us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/vision-mission">Vision and Mission</a> </li> <li> <a href="/national-committees">Our members</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Our affiliates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/leadership">IEC leadership</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/management-structure">Management structure</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-379473096" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/what-we-do">What we do</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about-us">About us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/vision-mission">Vision and Mission</a> </li> <li> <a href="/national-committees">Our members</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Our affiliates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/leadership">IEC leadership</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/management-structure">Management structure</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <ul class="menu menu--top-menu nav"> <li class="first"> <a target="_self" href="https://advsearch.iec.ch/">Advanced search</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://webstore.iec.ch/">Webstore</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://products.iec.ch/">IEC PSP</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://etech.iec.ch/">e-tech</a> </li> <li> <a target="_self" title="Capacity building" href="/academy/online-learning-platform">Online learning</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a title="Contact" href="/contact">Contact us</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button id="btn_close_iec_modal_menu" type="button" class="iec-modal-menu-close" style="z-index:99999;display:none;"> <span><i class="fas fa-times"></i></span> </button> </div> <section id="block-mobilesearchbutton" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentcc037dbe-d5d6-4df9-8529-be8d286b6933 clearfix" style="position: relative;"> <div class="header-search-container"> <div class="iec-search-header"> <input type="text" class="iec-search-box" placeholder="Search here…" data-search-page-link="/global/search"> <span class="iec-close-icon hidden-xs hidden-sm"><i class="fa fa-times"></i></span> <span class="iec-search-icon"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></span> </div> </div> </section> </div> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar-collapse"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> </div> <div id="navbar-collapse" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <div class="region region-navigation-collapsible"> <a class="visible-xs-block visible-sm-block iec-logo iec-logo-mobile logo navbar-btn pull-left" href="/" title="Home" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/iec-logo-mobile.svg" alt="Home" /> </a> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm iec-logo iec-logo-desktop logo navbar-btn pull-left" href="/" title="Home" rel="home"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/IEC_logo.jpg" alt="Home" /> </a> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-iec-main-menu-menu" id="block-iec-main-menu"> <h2 class="sr-only" id="block-iec-main-menu-menu">Main navigation</h2> <ul class="menu menu--main nav navbar-nav"> <li class="expanded dropdown first"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/standards-development">Standards development<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-278969782" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/standards-development" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Standards development</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/understanding-standards">Understanding standards</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tclist">List of TC/SCs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tcfacts">TC/SCs facts and figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/standards-development/technical-committees-tools">TC tools</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/resource-area">TC/SCs resource area</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-278969782" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/understanding-standards">Understanding standards</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tclist">List of TC/SCs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/technical-committees-and-subcommittees#tcfacts">TC/SCs facts and figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/standards-development/technical-committees-tools">TC tools</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/standards-development/resource-area">TC/SCs resource area</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/conformity-assessment">Conformity assessment<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-407089004" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/conformity-assessment" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Conformity assessment</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/what-conformity-assessment">What is conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/types-conformity-assessment">Types of conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/how-global-iec-ca-systems-operate">How the global IEC CA Systems operate</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-systems">IEC CA Systems</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-tools">CA tools</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-407089004" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/what-conformity-assessment">What is conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/types-conformity-assessment">Types of conformity assessment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/how-global-iec-ca-systems-operate">How the global IEC CA Systems operate</a> </li> <li> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-systems">IEC CA Systems</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/conformity-assessment/ca-tools">CA tools</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/where-we-make-difference">Where we make a difference<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1292671392" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/where-we-make-difference" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Where we make a difference</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/aecs">All-electric and connected society</a> </li> <li> <a href="/energies">Energy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/sdgs">SDGs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/climate-action">Climate action</a> </li> <li> <a href="/smart-manufacturing">Smart manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/healthcare">Healthcare</a> </li> <li> <a href="/cities-communities">Cities and communities</a> </li> <li> <a href="/transportation">Transportation</a> </li> <li> <a title="international standards and conformity assessment for cyber security" href="/cyber-security">Cyber security</a> </li> <li> <a href="/digitalization">Digitalization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ai">AI</a> </li> <li> <a href="/biodigital-convergence">Bio-digital convergence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/quantum-technology">Quantum technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/iot">IoT</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/fundamentals">Fundamentals</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1292671392" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/aecs">All-electric and connected society</a> </li> <li> <a href="/energies">Energy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/sdgs">SDGs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/climate-action">Climate action</a> </li> <li> <a href="/smart-manufacturing">Smart manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/healthcare">Healthcare</a> </li> <li> <a href="/cities-communities">Cities and communities</a> </li> <li> <a href="/transportation">Transportation</a> </li> <li> <a title="international standards and conformity assessment for cyber security" href="/cyber-security">Cyber security</a> </li> <li> <a href="/digitalization">Digitalization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/ai">AI</a> </li> <li> <a href="/biodigital-convergence">Bio-digital convergence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/quantum-technology">Quantum technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/iot">IoT</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/fundamentals">Fundamentals</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/who-benefits">Who benefits<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-2094230731" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/who-benefits" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Who benefits</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/industry">Industry</a> </li> <li> <a href="/government-regulators">Government & regulators</a> </li> <li> <a href="/international-organizations">International organizations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/developing-countries">Developing countries</a> </li> <li> <a href="/academia">Academia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/consortia">Consortia</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/how-get-involved">How to get involved</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-2094230731" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/industry">Industry</a> </li> <li> <a href="/government-regulators">Government & regulators</a> </li> <li> <a href="/international-organizations">International organizations</a> </li> <li> <a href="/developing-countries">Developing countries</a> </li> <li> <a href="/academia">Academia</a> </li> <li> <a href="/consortia">Consortia</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/how-get-involved">How to get involved</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/news-resources">News & resources<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1980574245" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/news-resources" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">News & resources</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/news-blogs">News and blogs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/press-releases">Press releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/subscribe">Newsletters</a> </li> <li> <a href="/events">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/committee-meetings">Committee meetings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news-resources/reference-material">Reference material</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/facts-figures">Facts & figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/resource-area">Resource area</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/basecamp">Basecamp</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1980574245" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/news-blogs">News and blogs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/press-releases">Press releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/subscribe">Newsletters</a> </li> <li> <a href="/events">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/committee-meetings">Committee meetings</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news-resources/reference-material">Reference material</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/facts-figures">Facts & figures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/resource-area">Resource area</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/basecamp">Basecamp</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/programmes-initiatives">Programmes & initiatives<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1362578701" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/programmes-initiatives" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Programmes & initiatives</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/academy">Academy & Capacity Building</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Affiliate Country Programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/young-professionals">Young Professionals</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-impact-fund">IEC Global Impact Fund</a> </li> <li> <a href="/women-iec">Women in standardization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-partnerships">Global partnerships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/mentoring-programme">Mentoring programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/online-standards-development">Online standards development (OSD)</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/digital-transformation-hub">Digital transformation</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1362578701" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/academy">Academy & Capacity Building</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Affiliate Country Programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/young-professionals">Young Professionals</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-impact-fund">IEC Global Impact Fund</a> </li> <li> <a href="/women-iec">Women in standardization</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global-partnerships">Global partnerships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/mentoring-programme">Mentoring programme</a> </li> <li> <a href="/online-standards-development">Online standards development (OSD)</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/digital-transformation-hub">Digital transformation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="expanded dropdown last"> <a class="hidden-xs hidden-sm" href="/who-we-are">Who we are<span class="caret"></span></a> <div style="cursor:pointer;" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#expand-1257610963" class="collapsed menu-item-lvl-1 visible-xs-block visible-sm-block "> <a href="/who-we-are" class="iec-menu-title-mobile">Who we are</a> <span class="iec-menu-arrow-mobile"></span> </div> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/what-we-do">What we do</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about-us">About us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/vision-mission">Vision and Mission</a> </li> <li> <a href="/national-committees">Our members</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Our affiliates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/leadership">IEC leadership</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/management-structure">Management structure</a> </li> </ul> <div class="submenu-container visible-xs-block visible-sm-block"> <div id="expand-1257610963" class="collapse iec-menu-collapse"> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="first"> <a href="/what-we-do">What we do</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about-us">About us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/what-we-do/vision-mission">Vision and Mission</a> </li> <li> <a href="/national-committees">Our members</a> </li> <li> <a href="/acp">Our affiliates</a> </li> <li> <a href="/leadership">IEC leadership</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/management-structure">Management structure</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <div role="main" class="main-container container js-quickedit-main-content"> <div class="row"> <section class="col-sm-12"> <div class="highlighted"> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <article about="/homepage" class="page full clearfix"> <div class="content"> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row "> <div data-region="r5c1c5969093f7c5c1c5969093fa" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> <section class="block block-block-content block-block-content4d9b0f32-4396-4453-bf73-219078a3d2f1 clearfix block--homepage-header iec-full-width"> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap"> <div class="col col-md-4 block--homepage-header--entry-solo"> <a href="/women-iec"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--entry paragraph--view-mode--default block--homepage-header--entry d-flex flex-column flex-wrap justify-content-end"> <div class="wrapper" style="background-image:url(/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2024-11/women_at_iec.jpg?itok=SfvgrkH0);"> <div class="content px-4 pt-6 pb-4"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Gender responsive standards</div> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Find out more about the tools for GRS</div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col col-md-4 block--homepage-header--entry-solo"> <a href="/global-impact-fund"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--entry paragraph--view-mode--default block--homepage-header--entry d-flex flex-column flex-wrap justify-content-end"> <div class="wrapper" style="background-image:url(/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2024-10/renewable_energy.jpg?itok=eI4UwbDt);"> <div class="content px-4 pt-6 pb-4"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">IEC Global Impact Fund</div> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Putting our work into action</div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col col-md-4"> <div class="h-50 block--homepage-header--entry-duo"> <a href="/aecs"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--entry paragraph--view-mode--default block--homepage-header--entry d-flex flex-column flex-wrap justify-content-end"> <div class="wrapper" style="background-image:url(/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2025-01/wind-turbine-surrounded-by-solar-panelsengineer-holding-laptop-representing-hybrid-renewable.jpg?itok=gqnXDsrr);"> <div class="content px-4 pt-6 pb-4"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">All-electric and connected society</div> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Clean electricity for all, sustainable future</div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="h-50 d-flex block--homepage-header--entry-smaller"> <div class="d-inline-flex flex-column w-50"> <a href="https://etech.iec.ch/issue/2025-01/the-next-frontier-for-brain-computer-interfaces"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--entry paragraph--view-mode--default block--homepage-header--entry d-flex flex-column flex-wrap justify-content-end"> <div class="wrapper" style="background-image:url(/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2025-02/werables.jpeg?itok=HMyDEtSe);"> <div class="content px-4 pt-6 pb-4"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">IEC e-tech</div> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">The next frontier for brain-computer interfaces</div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="d-inline-flex flex-column w-50"> <a href="/what-we-do/vision-mission"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--entry paragraph--view-mode--default block--homepage-header--entry d-flex flex-column flex-wrap justify-content-end"> <div class="wrapper" style="background-image:url(/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2024-04/strategic-plan.jpg?itok=MeliT48q);"> <div class="content px-4 pt-6 pb-4"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">How we contribute</div> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">The IEC vision and mission</div> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom iec-full-width block-homepage-latest-news block-block-content block-block-contentfb942bf8-e1b9-455a-9f29-78131a838b05 clearfix bg-white"> <div class="iec-full-width"> <div class="container homepage-latest-news-container"> <div class="homepage-latest-news-title"> <h1>News & blog</h1> </div> <div class="views-element-container form-group"> <div class="view view-blog-article-recents-posts view-id-blog_article_recents_posts view-display-id-card js-view-dom-id-2cb338ffe30b4f8994df85234d8441689b324a361e1775361044ecb1b2171549"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="dynamic-layout-row field--items iec-latest-news-container"> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col field--item"> <article about="/blog/we-standards" class="block-article is-promoted card clearfix" data-href="/blog/we-standards"> <div class="content homepage-latest-news-item"> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-image"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2025-02/Happyvday_0.jpg?itok=9eTxPSVx" alt="Happy Valentine's Day!"/> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-title"> <div class="blog-article-div-cate"> <div class="blog-article-div-categorie" style="background-color: #C80404"> <span><b>Digital transformation</b></span> </div> </div> <h3> <span>We ❤️ Standards</span> </h3> </div> <div class="blog-article-date-author"> <div class="field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--item">2025-02-13</div> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-short-description-plain field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field--item">Some say it with a card, others say it with flowers. But what most romantics will be sending this Valentine’s Day is an emoji. Which wouldn’t exist without the work of the standards community.</div> </div> <div class="homepage-articles-item-readmore"> <a href="/blog/we-standards">Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon item-show"></i></a> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col field--item"> <article about="/blog/flexible-batteries-energy-harvesting-rocky-road-power-wearables" class="block-article is-promoted card clearfix" data-href="/blog/flexible-batteries-energy-harvesting-rocky-road-power-wearables"> <div class="content homepage-latest-news-item"> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-image"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2025-02/512px-transpirationperspirationcommonsfl.jpg?itok=gbUHj8At" alt="512px-transpirationperspirationcommonsfl.jpg"/> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-title"> <div class="blog-article-div-cate"> <div class="blog-article-div-categorie" style="background-color: #0194CB"> <span><b>Energy</b></span> </div> <div class="blog-article-div-categorie" style="background-color: #A0D5D3"> <span><b>Healthcare</b></span> </div> </div> <h3> <span>From flexible batteries to energy harvesting: on the rocky road to power wearables</span> </h3> </div> <div class="blog-article-date-author"> <div class="field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--item">2025-02-11</div> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-short-description-plain field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field--item">What are the challenges linked to the powering of medical wearables? Tech solutions are being developed, with the help of standards.</div> </div> <div class="homepage-articles-item-readmore"> <a href="/blog/flexible-batteries-energy-harvesting-rocky-road-power-wearables">Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon item-show"></i></a> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col field--item"> <article about="/blog/medical-heavyweight-head-key-iec-tc" class="block-article is-promoted card clearfix" data-href="/blog/medical-heavyweight-head-key-iec-tc"> <div class="content homepage-latest-news-item"> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-image"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2025-02/headshot_thumb.jpg?itok=Ye4EVtAf" alt="headshot_2025.jpgcbi.jpg"/> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-title"> <div class="blog-article-div-cate"> <div class="blog-article-div-categorie" style="background-color: #A0D5D3"> <span><b>Healthcare</b></span> </div> <div class="blog-article-div-categorie" style="background-color: #0060AA"> <span><b>IEC Community</b></span> </div> </div> <h3> <span>Medical heavyweight to head key IEC TC</span> </h3> </div> <div class="blog-article-date-author"> <div class="field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--item">2025-02-07</div> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-short-description-plain field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field--item">Dr Jesse M. Ehrenfeld has been nominated Chair of IEC Technical Committee 62, which prepares standards for medical devices and software. His tenure begins in May 2025.</div> </div> <div class="homepage-articles-item-readmore"> <a href="/blog/medical-heavyweight-head-key-iec-tc">Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon item-show"></i></a> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col field--item"> <article about="/blog/international-standards-needed-safer-ai-future" class="block-article is-promoted card clearfix" data-href="/blog/international-standards-needed-safer-ai-future"> <div class="content homepage-latest-news-item"> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-image"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/original_image/private/2025-01/adobestock_959262235_0.jpeg?itok=DUhIR2vL" alt="AGI"/> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-title"> <div class="blog-article-div-cate"> <div class="blog-article-div-categorie" style="background-color: #C80404"> <span><b>Digital transformation</b></span> </div> </div> <h3> <span>International standards needed for a safer AI future</span> </h3> </div> <div class="blog-article-date-author"> <div class="field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--item">2025-01-31</div> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-short-description-plain field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field--item">Human-level AI, known as Artificial General Intelligence, is coming, and we need to be prepared for it. International standards play a key role, said a global AI policy expert at a recent IEC webinar.</div> </div> <div class="homepage-articles-item-readmore"> <a href="/blog/international-standards-needed-safer-ai-future">Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon item-show"></i></a> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="homepage-latest-news-viewall"> <a class="viewall-link hvr-sweep-to-top" href='/blog'> View all </a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="iec-full-width iec-statistics-block"> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md container iec-statistics-block-lg"> <div class="field field--name-field-statistics-block-item field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-57083248" data-quantity="170" data-quantity-text="~170"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">countries</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>A global network that covers 99% of the world population and offers a free programme to developing countries</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-1913872579" data-quantity="10000" data-quantity-text="10 000+"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">standards</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Develops international standards that<br> represent a global concensus<br> of state-of-the-art know-how</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-1357549319" data-quantity="1000000" data-quantity-text="1M+"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">certificates</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Four Conformity Assessment Systems<br> that cover the breadth of electrical and electronic technologies</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-2124610518" data-quantity="30000" data-quantity-text="30 000"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">experts</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Over 30 000 experts and more than<br> 100 years expertise</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="visible-xs-block visible-sm-block visible-md-block"> <div class="field field--name-field-statistics-block-item field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-102171638" data-quantity="170" data-quantity-text="~170"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">countries</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>A global network that covers 99% of the world population and offers a free programme to developing countries</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-891194084" data-quantity="10000" data-quantity-text="10 000+"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">standards</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Develops international standards that<br> represent a global concensus<br> of state-of-the-art know-how</p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-2074081707" data-quantity="1000000" data-quantity-text="1M+"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">certificates</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Four Conformity Assessment Systems<br> that cover the breadth of electrical and electronic technologies</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--statistics-block-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-statistics-block-item"> <div class="iec-statistics-block-item-container"> <h1 class="iec-statistics-block-item-quantity-text" id="iec-count-up-851008810" data-quantity="30000" data-quantity-text="30 000"> 0 </h1> <h3 class="iec-statistics-block-item-title">experts</h3> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md iec-statistics-block-item-decription"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Over 30 000 experts and more than<br> 100 years expertise</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-custom-anchor block-layout-builder block-inline-blockanchor clearfix"> <div id="justpublished" class="iec-anchor-selector"><span class="anchor-preview">Anchor placeholder <code>#justpublished</code></span></div> </section> <section class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-block-module-white-gray-space clearfix"> <div class="module-white-gray-space-content iec-bg-color iec-bg-grey"> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="iec-full-width iec-bg-grey"> <div class="container"> <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row iec-fixed-row-bg "> <div data-region="r5c627bcf91f79c5c627bcf91f7d" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="iec-full-width iec-bg-grey"> <div class="container"> <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row iec-fixed-row-bg "> <div data-region="r5c6299aabbc06c5c6299aabbc0a" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col "> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-layout-builder block-inline-blockmodule-single-element-text clearfix single-element-text" id="single-element-text-7837"> <div class="text-block-header" style="text-align:left;"> <h2 class="text-block-title condensed" style="font-size:34px;" id="article-header-id-7837-just-published"> Just Published </h1> </div> <div class="text-block-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Discover the new IEC publications<br> issued during the past two weeks</p> </div> </div> <div class="text-link-container" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="item-link iec-read-more"> <a href="https://webstore.iec.ch/en/just-published/past-2-weeks/" class="hvr-icon-forward" target="_blank" > Past two weeks list <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt hvr-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div data-region="r5c6299aabbc06c5c6299ca2a100" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col "> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-layout-builder block-inline-blockmodule-single-element-text clearfix single-element-text" id="single-element-text-7838"> <div class="text-block-header" style="text-align:left;"> <h2 class="text-block-title condensed" style="font-size:34px;" id="article-header-id-7838-pre-released"> Pre-released </h1> </div> <div class="text-block-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p><a href="https://webstore.iec.ch/en/products/value-added-products/pre-release-versions/" rel="noopener nofollow noreferrer" tabindex="-1" target="_blank">Final Draft International Standards</a><br> are available</p> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div data-region="r5c6299aabbc06c5c6299d2b418e" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col "> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-layout-builder block-inline-blockmodule-single-element-text clearfix single-element-text" id="single-element-text-7839"> <div class="text-block-header" style="text-align:left;"> <h2 class="text-block-title condensed" style="font-size:34px;" id="article-header-id-7839-pick-of-the-week"> Pick of the week </h1> </div> <div class="text-block-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p>IEC 60335-2-14 CMV</p> </div> </div> <div class="text-link-container" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="item-link iec-read-more"> <a href="https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/105514" class="hvr-icon-forward" target="_blank" > See details <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt hvr-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div data-region="r5c6299aabbc06c5c6299d5c3a45" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-3 iec-col "> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-layout-builder block-inline-blockmodule-single-element-text clearfix single-element-text" id="single-element-text-3592"> <div class="text-block-header" style="text-align:left;"> <h2 class="text-block-title condensed" style="font-size:34px;" id="article-header-id-3592-iec-webstore"> IEC Webstore </h1> </div> <div class="text-block-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Buy <strong>IEC International Standards</strong> for all electrical, electronic and related technologies</p> </div> </div> <div class="text-link-container" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="item-link iec-read-more"> <a href="https://webstore.iec.ch/" class="hvr-icon-forward" target="_blank" > Visit here <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt hvr-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="iec-full-width iec-bg-grey"> <div class="container"> <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row iec-fixed-row-bg "> <div data-region="r5c627bcf91f79c5c627bcf91f7d" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-layout-builder block-inline-blockmodule-single-element-text clearfix single-element-text" id="single-element-text-3565"> <div class="text-block-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><hr> <h2 class="text-align-center">Stay up to date with the free IEC Just Published email notification</h2> <p class="text-align-center"><br> <a href="https://us13.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=bac9e60f5454042ad8655a825&id=61d266ee9e" target="_blank"><img alt="subscribe" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="b185cd91-ba01-4c72-965b-8cc3262ec01a" src="/system/files/inline-images/subscribe_darkblue.png" width="250px" height="100"></a></p> <p class="text-align-center"> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row "> <div data-region="r5c1c5969093f7c5c1c5969093fa" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> <section class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-block-module-white-gray-space clearfix"> <div class="module-white-gray-space-content iec-bg-color iec-bg-white"> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row "> <div data-region="r5c1c5969093f7c5c1c5969093fa" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slider paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-slider tech-focus-wrapper "> <div class="iec-block paragraph-iec-custom-margin iec-full-width iec-bg-white"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <h2 class="iec-block-title text-center">Where we make a difference</h2> </div> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon-item field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden carousel slide iec-grid-icon-slider field--items tech-focus-slider" id="grid-icon-slider-541857513" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="false">  <div class="carousel-inner iec-grid-icon-slider-row-2 desktop-screen" role="listbox"> <div class="item active tech-slider-item"> <div class="row"> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/energies" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/smart-energy3x_0.png?itok=jyedFNAS" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Energy</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">IEC role in meeting the global energy challenge</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/sdgs" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-08/content/media/image/sdg-icon.png?itok=dIh9qB5R" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">SDGs</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">The IEC and the Sustainable Development Goals</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/climate-action" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-08/content/media/image/climatechange-icon.png?itok=NPH2CMz6" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Climate action</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Standards contribute to a more sustainable planet</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/smart-manufacturing" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-03/smart_manufacturing.png?itok=SdiUBLXd" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Smart manufacturing</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Factory of the future, click here to know more!</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/healthcare" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-03/content/media/image/healthcare.png?itok=-ISUJTmD" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Healthcare</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Standards help ensure safety of medical devices using AI</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/cities-communities" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/smart-city-icon3x_1.png?itok=uJ2cJssQ" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Cities & Communities</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">IEC work enables infrastructure for smarter cities</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/cyber-security" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-08/cybers-icon.png?itok=8dJtSUs4" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Cyber security</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Building resilience</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-sm-6 col-md-3"> <a href="/transportation" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2021-07/content/media/image/transportation_0.png?itok=PoCm8raV" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Transportation</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Preparing the future of mobility</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-screen"> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/energies" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/smart-energy3x_0.png?itok=jyedFNAS" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Energy</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">IEC role in meeting the global energy challenge</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/healthcare" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-03/content/media/image/healthcare.png?itok=-ISUJTmD" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Healthcare</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Standards help ensure safety of medical devices using AI</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/sdgs" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-08/content/media/image/sdg-icon.png?itok=dIh9qB5R" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">SDGs</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">The IEC and the Sustainable Development Goals</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/cities-communities" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/smart-city-icon3x_1.png?itok=uJ2cJssQ" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Cities & Communities</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">IEC work enables infrastructure for smarter cities</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/climate-action" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-08/content/media/image/climatechange-icon.png?itok=NPH2CMz6" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Climate action</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Standards contribute to a more sustainable planet</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/cyber-security" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-08/cybers-icon.png?itok=8dJtSUs4" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Cyber security</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Building resilience</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/smart-manufacturing" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2020-03/smart_manufacturing.png?itok=SdiUBLXd" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Smart manufacturing</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Factory of the future, click here to know more!</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="iec-grid-icon-slider-item col-xs-4"> <a href="/transportation" > <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--grid-icon-slide-item paragraph--view-mode--default iec-grid-icon-container"> <div class="iec-slide-item-img-wrap"> <img class="iec-slide-item-img b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2021-07/content/media/image/transportation_0.png?itok=PoCm8raV" alt="icon"> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-title"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Transportation</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-subtitle"> <div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item">Preparing the future of mobility</div> </div> <div class="iec-slide-item-link"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-block-module-white-gray-space clearfix"> <div class="module-white-gray-space-content iec-bg-color iec-bg-grey"> </div> </section> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--iec-for-all paragraph--view-mode--default iec-for-all-wrapper "> <div class="iec-full-width iec-bg-grey paragraph-iec-custom-margin"> <div class="container"> <div class="row iec-for-all-container"> <div class="field field--name-field-iec-for-all-item field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-above"> <div class="field--label">IEC for all</div> <div class="field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--iec-for-all-item paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3 desktop-screen"> <a href="/industry" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-container"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-flex-item"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-img"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/chart3x_1.png?itok=POLNKQQE" alt="logo"> </div> <p class=" iec-for-all-item-title">Industry</p> <div class=" iec-for-all-item-desc"><p>Find here all the reasons why you and your company should participate in international standardization work.</p> </div> </div> <div class="iec-box-right-bottom"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 mobile-screen"> <a href="/industry" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-content"> <div class="icon-text-wrapper"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-icon"><img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2018-12/chart%403x_1.png" alt="logo"></div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-title">Industry</div> </div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-link"><img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--iec-for-all-item paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3 desktop-screen"> <a href="/government-regulators" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-container"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-flex-item"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-img"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/government3x_0.png?itok=rSiREF_D" alt="logo"> </div> <p class=" iec-for-all-item-title">Government and regulators</p> <div class=" iec-for-all-item-desc"><p>IEC helps governments and regulators ensure that laws and regulations remain state-of-the-art.</p> </div> </div> <div class="iec-box-right-bottom"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 mobile-screen"> <a href="/government-regulators" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-content"> <div class="icon-text-wrapper"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-icon"><img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2018-12/government%403x_0.png" alt="logo"></div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-title">Government and regulators</div> </div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-link"><img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--iec-for-all-item paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3 desktop-screen"> <a href="/developing-countries" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-container"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-flex-item"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-img"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/general-people3x_0.png?itok=ygVq62ws" alt="logo"> </div> <p class=" iec-for-all-item-title">Developing countries</p> <div class=" iec-for-all-item-desc"><p>IEC programmes can help developing countries participate in the global market.</p> </div> </div> <div class="iec-box-right-bottom"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 mobile-screen"> <a href="/developing-countries" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-content"> <div class="icon-text-wrapper"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-icon"><img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2018-12/general-people%403x_0.png" alt="logo"></div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-title">Developing countries</div> </div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-link"><img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--iec-for-all-item paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-3 desktop-screen"> <a href="/academia" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-container"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-flex-item"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-img"> <img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/crop_image_free/private/2019-05/content/media/image/students3x_2.png?itok=6Hd2wrcc" alt="logo"> </div> <p class=" iec-for-all-item-title">Academia</p> <div class=" iec-for-all-item-desc"><p>Many of today's students will become the decision-makers of tomorrow so it is important that they are aware of the benefits of standardization. </p> </div> </div> <div class="iec-box-right-bottom"> <img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 mobile-screen"> <a href="/academia" > <div class="iec-for-all-item-content"> <div class="icon-text-wrapper"> <div class="iec-for-all-item-icon"><img class="b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2018-12/students%403x_2.png" alt="logo"></div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-title">Academia</div> </div> <div class="iec-for-all-item-link"><img src="/themes/custom/iec/images/arrow-right-simple-line-icons.png"/></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="block block-layout-builder block-inline-block-module-white-gray-space clearfix"> <div class="module-white-gray-space-content iec-bg-color iec-bg-white"> </div> </section> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-block-content block-block-content6c56d793-1a21-4877-89ac-4c164174a022 clearfix iec-full-width iec-bg-white"> <div class="block block-iec-section-custom block-block-content block-block-content6c56d793-1a21-4877-89ac-4c164174a022 clearfix iec-full-width iec-bg-white white-papers-wrapper "> <div class="iec-block block-white-papers-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <h1 class="iec-block-title text-center">White Papers & Technology reports</h1> </div> <div class="section-description text-center"> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field--item">The Market Strategy Board (MSB) was set up by the IEC to identify the principal technological trends and market needs in the IEC fields of activity. The MSB publishes recommendations – White Papers – in a form that differs from International Standards.</div> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-documents field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden carousel slide iec-white-papers-slider field--items white-papers-slider" id="grid-icon-slider-1826876553" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="false">  <div class="carousel-inner desktop-screen" role="listbox"> <div class="item active slider-item"> <div class="row"> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/power-semiconductors-energy-wise-society" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/power-semiconductors-energy-wise-society"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2023-12/iec_wp_power_semiconductors_en_lr_0.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/power-semiconductors-energy-wise-society" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/zero-carbon-power-system-based-primarily-renewable-energy" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/zero-carbon-power-system-based-primarily-renewable-energy"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2023-06/iec_wp_zero_carbon_en_lr_0.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/zero-carbon-power-system-based-primarily-renewable-energy" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/smart-sensing-future-power-grids" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-sensing-future-power-grids"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/iec_sttr_smart_sensing_en.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-sensing-future-power-grids" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/smart-standards-market-and-industry-perspective" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-standards-market-and-industry-perspective"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/iec_sttr_smart_standards_en.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-standards-market-and-industry-perspective" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/ontology-standards-smart-cities" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/ontology-standards-smart-cities"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/iec_tec_ontology-standards-in-smart-cities_en.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/ontology-standards-smart-cities" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-screen"> <div class="slides-container"> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/power-semiconductors-energy-wise-society" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/power-semiconductors-energy-wise-society"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2023-12/iec_wp_power_semiconductors_en_lr_0.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/power-semiconductors-energy-wise-society" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/zero-carbon-power-system-based-primarily-renewable-energy" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/zero-carbon-power-system-based-primarily-renewable-energy"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2023-06/iec_wp_zero_carbon_en_lr_0.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/zero-carbon-power-system-based-primarily-renewable-energy" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/smart-sensing-future-power-grids" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-sensing-future-power-grids"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/iec_sttr_smart_sensing_en.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-sensing-future-power-grids" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/smart-standards-market-and-industry-perspective" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-standards-market-and-industry-perspective"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/iec_sttr_smart_standards_en.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/smart-standards-market-and-industry-perspective" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/ontology-standards-smart-cities" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/ontology-standards-smart-cities"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/iec_tec_ontology-standards-in-smart-cities_en.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/ontology-standards-smart-cities" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="buttonHome hvr-sweep-to-top view-all-button"> <a href="/basecamp?resource_type%5B%5D=3&resource_type%5B%5D=100&read_more=true" class="text-link" > View all </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row "> <div data-region="r5c1c5969093f7c5c1c5969093fa" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> <section class="block block-iec-section-custom block-block-content block-block-content9ebd806b-9852-4a78-949e-c343fe3a367f clearfix iec-full-width iec-bg-grey"> <div class="block block-iec-section-custom block-block-content block-block-content9ebd806b-9852-4a78-949e-c343fe3a367f clearfix iec-full-width iec-bg-grey brochures-wrapper "> <div class="iec-block block-brochures-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <h1 class="iec-block-title text-center">Briefing papers</h1> </div> <h2 class="section-description"> In this section you are able to download brochures that give you a succinct overview of the IEC, its role and structure, how it impacts global trade and supports industry. You will find an outline of the IEC organizational strategy and a summary of IEC work in individual technology sectors. </h2> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-wrapper"> <div class="field field--name-field-documents field--type-entity-reference field--label-above carousel slide iec-white-papers-slider field--items white-papers-slider" id="grid-icon-slider-1652374820" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="false">  <div class="carousel-inner desktop-screen" role="listbox"> <div class="item active slider-item"> <div class="row"> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/welcome-iec" class="document card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/welcome-iec"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/basecamp_420/private/2022-08/iec_2022_welcome_0.jpg?itok=58_u1Y1X"> <span role="img" aria-label="iec_2022_welcome.jpg"> </span> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/welcome-iec" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/environmentally-conscious-design" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/environmentally-conscious-design"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/2024_iecq_environmentally-conscious-_a4_en_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/environmentally-conscious-design" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/restrictedhazardous-substance-process-management" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/restrictedhazardous-substance-process-management"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/2024_iecq_hspm_a4_en_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/restrictedhazardous-substance-process-management" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/carbon-footprint-product-claims-verification" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/carbon-footprint-product-claims-verification"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/2024_iecq_carbon-footprint_a4_en_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/carbon-footprint-product-claims-verification" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item"> <article about="/basecamp/digital-transformation" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/digital-transformation"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-05/2024_iec_digital_transformation_a4_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/digital-transformation" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mobile-screen"> <div class="slides-container"> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/welcome-iec" class="document card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/welcome-iec"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/styles/basecamp_420/private/2022-08/iec_2022_welcome_0.jpg?itok=58_u1Y1X"> <span role="img" aria-label="iec_2022_welcome.jpg"> </span> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/welcome-iec" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/environmentally-conscious-design" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/environmentally-conscious-design"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/2024_iecq_environmentally-conscious-_a4_en_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/environmentally-conscious-design" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/restrictedhazardous-substance-process-management" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/restrictedhazardous-substance-process-management"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/2024_iecq_hspm_a4_en_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/restrictedhazardous-substance-process-management" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/carbon-footprint-product-claims-verification" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/carbon-footprint-product-claims-verification"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-04/2024_iecq_carbon-footprint_a4_en_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/carbon-footprint-product-claims-verification" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> <div class="iec-white-papers-slider-item" style="flex: 0 0 auto;"> <article about="/basecamp/digital-transformation" class="document is-promoted card clearfix"> <a href="/basecamp/digital-transformation"> <div class="iec-card-container iec-node-card-document-container b-lazy" data-src="/system/files/2024-05/2024_iec_digital_transformation_a4_lr.jpg"> </div> </a> <div class="iec-document-card-read-more-container"> <a href="/basecamp/digital-transformation" class="iec-read-more hvr-icon-forward"> Read more <i class="ion ion-ios-arrow-round-forward hvr-icon"></i> </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="buttonHome hvr-sweep-to-top view-all-button"> <a href="/basecamp?resource_type%5B%5D=4&read_more=true" class="text-link"> View all </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="dynamic-layouts-container custom-12" > <div class="dynamic-layout-row iec-row "> <div data-region="r5c1c5969093f7c5c1c5969093fa" class="dynamic-layouts-container-column layout-builder--layout__region col-12 iec-col "> <section class="block block-block-content block-block-content98851414-04b8-49d9-9840-5fea4bbbb369 clearfix iec-fullwidth-block block-subscribe-form-short iec-full-width cs-iec-full-width block-mailchimp-home-subscribe-form-short"> <div> <div class=" cs-container"> <div class="iec-block-container "> <div class="col-sm-12"> <h1 class="block-title condensed">Subscribe to our newsletters</h1> </div> <div class="col-sm-12"> <h2 class="block-subtitle">Please select the services that are of interest to you, and stay up to date with the latest from us.</h2> </div> <section class="mailchimp-signup-subscribe-form block block-mailchimp-signup block-mailchimp-signup-subscribe-blocksubscribe-form-short clearfix" data-drupal-selector="mailchimp-signup-subscribe-block-subscribe-form-short-form"> <form action="/homepage" method="post" id="mailchimp-signup-subscribe-block-subscribe-form-short-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="mailchimp-list dynamic-layout-row"> </div> <div class="subscribe-container"> <div class="mergevars"> <div id="mailchimp-newsletter-00eeae4a79-mergefields" class="mailchimp-newsletter-mergefields"><div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-email js-form-type-email form-item-mergevars-email js-form-item-mergevars-email form-group"> <label for="edit-mergevars-email" class="control-label js-form-required form-required">Email Address</label> <input placeholder="Enter your email here..." data-drupal-selector="edit-mergevars-email" class="form-email required form-control" type="email" id="edit-mergevars-email" name="mergevars[EMAIL]" value="" size="25" maxlength="254" required="required" aria-required="true" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="form-action-container"> <button data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" class="button js-form-submit form-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Submit"><span>Subscribe</span><i class="ion ion-md-send"></i></button> </div> </div> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-yq-85d5egjgqsymrz3uhotyzzkpc1nx6bxmi1me3ks4" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-YQ_85D5eGJGqsYMrZ3UHOTyzzKPC1nx6bxMi1ME3Ks4" /> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-mailchimp-signup-subscribe-block-subscribe-form-short-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="mailchimp_signup_subscribe_block_subscribe_form_short_form" /> </form> </section> <div class="block-readmore"> <div class="field field--name-field-read-more field--type-link field--label-hidden field--item"><a href="/subscribe">Details about our newsletters</a></div> </div> </div> <div data-drupal-messages=""> <div class="messages__wrapper"> <div class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible alert_hide" role="alert" aria-label="Error message"> <button type="button" role="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> <h2 class="sr-only">Error message</h2> <p>Please select at least one list to subscribe to.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> </div> </div> <footer class="footer iec-bg-grey" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="region region-footer"> <div class="iec-full-width iec-footer-container"> <section id="block-footerrow1" class="block block-block-content block-block-content1b332d09-60ef-4f12-869c-ff12d3d1590e clearfix iec-block-footer-row1 container "> <div class="row"> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--terminology-block paragraph--view-mode--default col-sm-12 col-md-6 iec-terminology-block"> <h2 class="iec-block-title">Terminology</h2> <ul class="field field--name-field-terminology-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field--items iec-terminology-list"> <li class="field--item"> <a href="http://www.electropedia.org/">Electropedia</a> <span class="iec-menu-separator">|</span> </li> <li class="field--item"> <a href="/news-resources/reference-material#codes"> Abbreviations & acronyms</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--follow-us-block paragraph--view-mode--default col-sm-12 col-md-6 iec-follow-us"> <h2 class="iec-block-title">Follow us</h2> <ul class="social-media-links--platforms platforms inline horizontal"> <li> <a target="_blank" class="iec-facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission" target="_blank" > <span class="fab fa-facebook fa-2x"></span> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="iec-twitter" href="https://www.twitter.com/IECStandards" target="_blank" > <svg style="width: 36px;" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1"> <path d="M18.244 2.25h3.308l-7.227 8.26 8.502 11.24H16.17l-5.214-6.817L4.99 21.75H1.68l7.73-8.835L1.254 2.25H8.08l4.713 6.231zm-1.161 17.52h1.833L7.084 4.126H5.117z"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="iec-linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/international-electrotechnical-commission-iec-/" target="_blank" > <span class="fab fa-linkedin fa-2x"></span> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="iec-pinterest" href="https://www.pinterest.com/iecstandards" target="_blank" > <span class="fab fa-pinterest fa-2x"></span> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" class="iec-youtube_channel" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxGk_S_rnYyFBcTidgny7EA" target="_blank" > <span class="fab fa-youtube fa-2x"></span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-iec-footer-menu" id="block-iec-footer" class="col-sm-12 col-md-6"> <h2 class="sr-only" id="block-iec-footer-menu">Footer menu</h2> <ul class="menu menu--footer nav"> <li> <a href="/privacy" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/40319">Privacy</a> <span class="iec-menu-separator">|</span> </li> <li> <a href="/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="contact">Contact</a> <span class="iec-menu-separator">|</span> </li> <li> <a href="/faq" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/947">FAQ</a> <span class="iec-menu-separator">|</span> </li> <li> <a href="/careers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/948">Careers</a> <span class="iec-menu-separator">|</span> </li> <li> <a href="/offices" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/784">IEC offices</a> <span class="iec-menu-separator">|</span> </li> <li> <a href="/media-resources" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/202204">Media resources</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <section id="block-copyright" class="block block-block-content block-block-content530ba067-58b0-433f-9667-abe431476fa9 clearfix col-sm-12 col-md-6 block-copyright"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p><a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="656a83e8-6507-4ffe-afce-a7209e83c44a" href="/copyright" title="Copyright">Copyright © IEC 2025</a>. All rights reserved.</p></div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Grfmv-5CNuzze62geIH5mnA8ZbV79-qXQF_qSatz_dc.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/js/eu_cookie_compliance.min.js?v=10.2.6" defer></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha256-nuL8/2cJ5NDSSwnKD8VqreErSWHtnEP9E7AySL+1ev4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_ySqz9Cpe0HnRCfdX5b0QYJhxQbF_M8NFYsGAGPIFarY.js?scope=footer&delta=3&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg"></script> <script src="//player.vimeo.com/api/player.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_J1kGqRCVz4jsj90bkXYtYg3tQBxeFY-hIzeCLqiSG8I.js?scope=footer&delta=5&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg"></script> <script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.11.5/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/buttons/2.2.2/js/dataTables.buttons.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/rowgroup/1.2.0/js/dataTables.rowGroup.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.datatables.net/buttons/2.2.2/js/buttons.html5.min.js"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_V8xutc9hhgLgmFSIbTZQgFS9UbxQIMiEo2hXKiB-JVw.js?scope=footer&delta=10&language=en&theme=iec&include=eJyFUgFuwyAM_BCFJyEH3MStwQhM0_5-ZFvTdus0CcH5fMjmDJzg6lkgYnXwwFaXKtOE1UwQzl5lrOKesD-1P1MUJJujZIUVmyR0T9iuOG1h-1dg20LJzCIzo4cMfFMKzf0kDGHwUda8Ne61jj7GU96R9vVOAuIwSpRNfNgjk0Alifs6TJNAwD5hJPBM-dzcb2q4hQlNuzXFNKxoaPCqW8rF2guw_Q4Ndh9EzoTjSIUJckD3jvQRj9BZTdIARcMCbkcHiInyoYVKZRj5TsE07flJRNvwoLgiRS7bTHdGRVipmAIV5kEs7d7xg7E9lz4xtQWjibcMiYJnuEnXoX6N_bGO2WGOm8UuSM_ai7kQrs197jZJ7IwmSMV7qeEjy2y37_cBuhYCqg"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

International Electrotechnical Commission