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aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chassis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chassis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Chassis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chassis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Body_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Body_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Body style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Body_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interior" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interior"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Interior</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interior-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Predecessors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predecessors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Predecessors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predecessors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-North_America-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle North America subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1970s_and_1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s_and_1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>1970s and 1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s_and_1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s_and_2010s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s_and_2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>2000s and 2010s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s_and_2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Europe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Europe subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>1980s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.3</span> <span>2000s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Asia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>South Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Indonesia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Luxury_MPV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Luxury_MPV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Luxury MPV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Luxury_MPV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Size_categories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Size_categories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Size categories</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Size_categories-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Size categories subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Size_categories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mini_MPV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mini_MPV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Mini MPV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mini_MPV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compact_MPV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compact_MPV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Compact MPV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compact_MPV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_categories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_categories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Related categories</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Related_categories-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Related categories subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Related_categories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leisure_activity_vehicle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leisure_activity_vehicle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Leisure activity vehicle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leisure_activity_vehicle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asian_utility_vehicle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asian_utility_vehicle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Asian utility vehicle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asian_utility_vehicle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Three-row_SUV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Three-row_SUV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Three-row SUV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Three-row_SUV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Minivan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ميني فان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميني فان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miniven" title="Miniven – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Miniven" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_MPV" title="Mobil MPV – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Mobil MPV" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Многофункционален автомобил – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Многофункционален автомобил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Minivan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monovolum" title="Monovolum – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monovolum" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPV" title="MPV – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="MPV" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPV" title="MPV – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="MPV" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_(Automobil)" title="Van (Automobil) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Van (Automobil)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monovolumen" title="Monovolumen – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monovolumen" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monobolumen" title="Monobolumen – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Monobolumen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="مینی‌ون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مینی‌ون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monospace_(v%C3%A9hicule)" title="Monospace (véhicule) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monospace (véhicule)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monovolume" title="Monovolume – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Monovolume" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%8B%88%EB%B0%B4" title="미니밴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미니밴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednovolumen" title="Jednovolumen – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jednovolumen" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_KSG" title="Mobil KSG – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mobil KSG" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monovolume" title="Monovolume – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monovolume" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F" title="מיניוואן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיניוואן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98-%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="მინი-ფურგონი (ავტომობილი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მინი-ფურგონი (ავტომობილი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienat%C5%ABris" title="Vienatūris – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vienatūris" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenderaan_Serba_Guna" title="Kenderaan Serba Guna – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kenderaan Serba Guna" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-purpose_vehicle" title="Multi-purpose vehicle – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Multi-purpose vehicle" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3" title="ミニバン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミニバン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flerbruksbil" title="Flerbruksbil – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Flerbruksbil" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minivan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Minivan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monovolum" title="Monovolum – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Monovolum" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Минивэн – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Минивэн" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viac%C3%BA%C4%8Delov%C3%A9_vozidlo" title="Viacúčelové vozidlo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Viacúčelové vozidlo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Minivan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tila-auto" title="Tila-auto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tila-auto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minibuss" title="Minibuss – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Minibuss" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr 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title="M-segment">M-segment</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Minibus" title="Minibus">Minibus</a> or <a href="/wiki/Midibus" title="Midibus">Midibus</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of van designed for private use</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mini van" redirects here. For the van version of the Mini car, see <a href="/wiki/Mini#Mini_Van" title="Mini">Mini Van</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L,_front_7.4.19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L%2C_front_7.4.19.jpg/220px-2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L%2C_front_7.4.19.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L%2C_front_7.4.19.jpg/330px-2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L%2C_front_7.4.19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L%2C_front_7.4.19.jpg/440px-2019_Chrysler_Pacifica_Touring_L%2C_front_7.4.19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4818" data-file-height="2745" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Pacifica_(minivan)" title="Chrysler Pacifica (minivan)">Chrysler Pacifica</a>, the best-selling minivan in the United States as of 2020<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Minivan</b> (sometimes called simply a <b>van</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Car_classification" title="Car classification">car classification</a> for vehicles designed to transport passengers in the rear seating row(s), with reconfigurable seats in two or three rows <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. The equivalent classification in Europe is <b>MPV</b> (<b>multi-purpose vehicle</b>) or <b>M-segment</b> - and are taller than a <a href="/wiki/Sedan_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan car">sedan car</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">hatchback</a>, <a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUV</a> or <a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EEC_Merger_Procedure_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EEC_Merger_Procedure-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Compared with a <a href="/wiki/Full-size_van" class="mw-redirect" title="Full-size van">full-size van</a>, most minivans are based on a passenger <a href="/wiki/Car_platform" title="Car platform">car platform</a> and have a lower body. Early models such as the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Aerostar" title="Ford Aerostar">Ford Aerostar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Astro" title="Chevrolet Astro">Chevrolet Astro</a> utilized a compact pickup truck platform.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minivans often have a 'one-box' or 'two-box' <a href="/wiki/Car_body_configurations" title="Car body configurations">body configuration</a>, a higher roof, a flat floor, sliding doors for rear passengers, and high <a href="/wiki/H-point" title="H-point">H-point</a> seating. The largest size of minivans is also referred to as 'Large MPV' and became popular following the introduction of the 1984 <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Caravan" title="Dodge Caravan">Dodge Caravan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renault_Espace" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a>. Typically, these have platforms derived from D-segment passenger cars or compact pickups. Since the 1990s, the smaller <a href="/wiki/Compact_MPV" title="Compact MPV">compact MPV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mini_MPV" title="Mini MPV">mini MPV</a> sizes of minivans have also become popular.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though predecessors to the minivan date back to the 1930s, the contemporary minivan body style was developed concurrently by several companies in the early 1980s, most notably by <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> (producer of the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_minivans" title="Chrysler minivans">Chrysler minivans</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Renault_Espace" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a>), both first sold for <a href="/wiki/Model_year" title="Model year">model year</a> 1984. Minivans cut into and eventually overshadowed the traditional market of the <a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a> and grew in global popularity and diversity throughout the 1990s. Since the 2000s, their reception has varied in different parts of the world: in North America, for example, they have been largely eclipsed by <a href="/wiki/Crossover_(automobile)" title="Crossover (automobile)">crossovers</a> and <a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUVs</a>, while in Asia they are commonly marketed as <a href="/wiki/Luxury_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxury vehicle">luxury vehicles</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>minivan</i> originated in North America and the United Kingdom in 1959. In the UK, the Minivan was a small van manufactured by Austin based on the newly introduced Mini car. In the US, the term was used to differentiate the smaller passenger vehicles from <a href="/wiki/Full-size_van" class="mw-redirect" title="Full-size van">full-size vans</a> (such as the Ford E-Series, Dodge Ram Van, and Chevrolet Van), which were then called 'vans'.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first known use of the term was in 1959,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but not until the 1980s was it commonly used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chassis">Chassis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chassis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In contrast to larger vans, most modern minivans/MPVs use a front-engine, front-wheel drive layout, while some model lines offer all-wheel drive as an option (ie. Toyota Sienna,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toyota Previa,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrysler Pacifica <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Alongside adopting the form factor introduced by <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_minivans" title="Chrysler minivans">Chrysler minivans</a>, the configuration allows for less engine intrusion and a lower floor in the passenger compartment. In line with larger full-size vans, unibody construction has been commonly used (the spaceframe design of the <a href="/wiki/Renault_Espace" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Lumina_APV" title="Chevrolet Lumina APV">General Motors APV minivans</a> being exceptions). </p><p>Minivans/MPVs are produced on distinct chassis architecture or share platforms with other vehicles such as sedans and <a href="/wiki/Crossover_SUV" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover SUV">crossover SUVs</a>. Minivans do not have as much ground clearance, towing capacity, or off-road capability compared to SUVs.<sup id="cite_ref-Trompete_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trompete-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minivans provide more space for passengers and cargo than sedans and SUVs.<sup id="cite_ref-Trompete_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trompete-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Body_style">Body style</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Body style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg/220px-Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg/330px-Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg/440px-Honda_Odyssey_Touring_flickr_Upsilon_Andromedae_DEC2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2344" data-file-height="1032" /></a><figcaption>Side profile of a <a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey_(North_America)" title="Honda Odyssey (North America)">Honda Odyssey</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Minivans/MPVs use either a <a href="/wiki/Car_body_configurations#Two-box_design" title="Car body configurations">two-box</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Car_body_configurations#One-box_design" title="Car body configurations">one-box</a> body design with <a href="/wiki/Pillar_(car)" title="Pillar (car)">A, B, C, and D pillars</a>. The cabin may be fitted with two, three, or four rows of seats, with the most common configurations being 2+3+2 or 2+3+3. Compared to other types of passenger vehicles, the body shape of minivans is designed to maximize interior space for both passengers and cargo. It is achieved by lengthening the <a href="/wiki/Wheelbase" title="Wheelbase">wheelbase</a>, creating a flatter floor, taller roof, and more upright side profile, but not as prominent as commercial-oriented vans that are boxier in profile. Practicality and comfort for passengers are also enhanced with a larger rear cargo space opening and larger windows.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some minivans/MPVs may use sliding doors, while others offer conventional forward-hinged doors. Initially, a feature of the 1982 <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Prairie" title="Nissan Prairie">Nissan Prairie</a>, the 1996 <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_minivans_(NS)" title="Chrysler minivans (NS)">Chrysler minivans</a> introduced a driver-side sliding door; by 2002, all minivans were sold with doors on both sides of the body. Most minivans are configured with a rear <a href="/wiki/Liftgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Liftgate">liftgate</a>; few minivans have used panel-style rear doors, for example, cargo versions of the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Astro" title="Chevrolet Astro">Chevrolet Astro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Aerostar" title="Ford Aerostar">Ford Aerostar</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_V-Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz V-Class">Mercedes-Benz V-Class</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interior">Interior</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Interior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG/220px-2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG/330px-2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG/440px-2015-03-03_Geneva_Motor_Show_3391.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A cutaway <a href="/wiki/Renault_Espace#5" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace V</a>, showcasing its relatively flat floor and third-row seat space</figcaption></figure> <p>Most minivans have a reconfigurable interior to carry passengers and their effects. The first examples were designed with removable rear seats unlatched from the floor for removal and storage (in line with larger vans); however, users gave poor reception to the design as many seats were heavy and hard to remove. In 1995, the <a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey_(North_America)" title="Honda Odyssey (North America)">Honda Odyssey</a> was introduced with a third-row seat that folded flat into the floor, which was then adopted by many competitors, including <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> that introduced third-row and <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Voyager#Stow'n_Go_seating" title="Chrysler Voyager">fold-flat second-row seats</a> in 2005. </p><p>High-end minivans may include distinguished features such as captain seats or <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_(furniture)" title="Ottoman (furniture)">Ottoman seats</a>, as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Bench_seat" title="Bench seat">bench seats</a> for the second row.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predecessors">Predecessors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Predecessors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the adoption of the <i>minivan</i> term, there is a long history of one-box passenger vehicles roughly approximating the body style,<sup id="cite_ref-ref84_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref84-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the 1936 <a href="/wiki/Stout_Scarab" title="Stout Scarab">Stout Scarab</a> often cited as the first minivan.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The passenger seats in the Scarab were moveable and could be configured for the passengers to sit around a table in the rear of the cabin. Passengers entered and exited the Scarab via a centrally-mounted door. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/DKW_Schnellaster" title="DKW Schnellaster">DKW Schnellaster</a>—manufactured from 1949 until 1962—featured <a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Transverse_engine" title="Transverse engine">transverse engine</a>, a flat floor, and multi-configurable seating, all of which would later become characteristics of minivans.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1950, the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_2" title="Volkswagen Type 2">Volkswagen Type 2</a> adapted a bus-shaped body to the chassis of a small passenger car (the Volkswagen Beetle). When Volkswagen introduced a sliding side door to the Type 2 in 1968, it then had the prominent features that would later come to define a minivan: compact length, three rows of forward-facing seats, station wagon-style top-hinged tailgate/liftgate, sliding side door, passenger car base.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1956–1969 <a href="/wiki/Fiat_600#Multipla" title="Fiat 600">Fiat Multipla</a> also had many features in common with modern minivans. The Multipla was based on the chassis of the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_600" title="Fiat 600">Fiat 600</a> and had a <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">rear engine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cab_forward" title="Cab forward">cab forward</a> layout.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The early 1960s saw Ford and Chevrolet introduce "compact" vans for the North American market, the <a href="/wiki/Ford_econoline" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford econoline">Econoline Club Wagon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Greenbrier" title="Chevrolet Greenbrier">Greenbrier</a> respectively. The Ford version was marketed in the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Falcon_(North_America)" title="Ford Falcon (North America)">Falcon</a> series, the Chevrolet in the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvair" title="Chevrolet Corvair">Corvair</a> 95 series. The Econoline grew larger in the 1970s, while the Greenbrier was joined by (and later replaced by) the <a href="/wiki/Chevy_Sportvan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chevy Sportvan">Chevy Van</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stout_Scarab.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Stout Scarab (1936–1942)"><img alt="Stout Scarab (1936–1942)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Stout_Scarab.JPG/193px-Stout_Scarab.JPG" decoding="async" width="193" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Stout_Scarab.JPG/291px-Stout_Scarab.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Stout_Scarab.JPG/387px-Stout_Scarab.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Stout_Scarab" title="Stout Scarab">Stout Scarab</a> <br />(1936–1942)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="DKW Schnellaster (1949–1962)"><img alt="DKW Schnellaster (1949–1962)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg/197px-Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg" decoding="async" width="197" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg/296px-Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg/394px-Dkw-schnellaster-bus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="766" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/DKW_Schnellaster" title="DKW Schnellaster">DKW Schnellaster</a> <br />(1949–1962)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_(21905686831).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Volkswagen Type 2 (1950–1967)"><img alt="Volkswagen Type 2 (1950–1967)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_%2821905686831%29.jpg/200px-1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_%2821905686831%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_%2821905686831%29.jpg/300px-1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_%2821905686831%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_%2821905686831%29.jpg/400px-1966_Volkswagen_Type_2_T1_Deluxe_Microbus_%2821905686831%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_2" title="Volkswagen Type 2">Volkswagen Type 2</a> <br />(1950–1967)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiat_600D_Multipla_(1965)_,_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Fiat 600 Multipla (1956–1969)"><img alt="Fiat 600 Multipla (1956–1969)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_600D_Multipla_%281965%29_%2C_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG/194px-Fiat_600D_Multipla_%281965%29_%2C_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG" decoding="async" width="194" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_600D_Multipla_%281965%29_%2C_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG/291px-Fiat_600D_Multipla_%281965%29_%2C_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Fiat_600D_Multipla_%281965%29_%2C_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG/387px-Fiat_600D_Multipla_%281965%29_%2C_Dutch_licence_registration_DM-71-06_pic1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2610" data-file-height="1957" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fiat_600#Fiat_600_Multipla" title="Fiat 600">Fiat 600 Multipla</a> <br />(1956–1969)</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="North_America">North America</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to their larger footprint and engines, minivans developed for the North American market are distinct from most minivans/MPVs marketed in other regions, such as Europe and Asia. As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, average exterior length for minivans in North America ranged around 200 inches (5.08 m), while many models use <a href="/wiki/V6_engine" title="V6 engine">V6</a> engines with more than 270 horsepower (201 kW; 274 PS) mainly to fulfill towing capacity requirements which North American customers demand.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, sales of the segment totalled 310,630 units in the U.S. (2.1% of the overall car market), and 33,544 in Canada (2.0% of the overall car market).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the passenger-oriented minivan segment consists of the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Sienna" title="Toyota Sienna">Toyota Sienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Pacifica" title="Chrysler Pacifica">Chrysler Pacifica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Voyager" title="Chrysler Voyager">Chrysler Voyager</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey_(North_America)" title="Honda Odyssey (North America)">Honda Odyssey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kia_Carnival" title="Kia Carnival">Kia Carnival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Top 3 best-sellers in the U.S., 2021</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 209.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 207.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited,_front_1.14.21.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toyota Sienna (2020–present)"><img alt="Toyota Sienna (2020–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited%2C_front_1.14.21.jpg/311px-2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited%2C_front_1.14.21.jpg" decoding="async" width="208" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited%2C_front_1.14.21.jpg/467px-2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited%2C_front_1.14.21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited%2C_front_1.14.21.jpg/622px-2021_Toyota_Sienna_Hybrid_Limited%2C_front_1.14.21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4389" data-file-height="2542" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Sienna" title="Toyota Sienna">Toyota Sienna</a> <br />(2020–present)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 211.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 209.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Honda_Odyssey_(facelift),_front_12.12.20.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Honda Odyssey (2018–present)"><img alt="Honda Odyssey (2018–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/2021_Honda_Odyssey_%28facelift%29%2C_front_12.12.20.jpg/314px-2021_Honda_Odyssey_%28facelift%29%2C_front_12.12.20.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/2021_Honda_Odyssey_%28facelift%29%2C_front_12.12.20.jpg/471px-2021_Honda_Odyssey_%28facelift%29%2C_front_12.12.20.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/2021_Honda_Odyssey_%28facelift%29%2C_front_12.12.20.jpg/628px-2021_Honda_Odyssey_%28facelift%29%2C_front_12.12.20.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3275" data-file-height="1879" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey_(North_America)" title="Honda Odyssey (North America)">Honda Odyssey</a> <br />(2018–present)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 204px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 202px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White,_Front_Left,_2021-03-25.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chrysler Pacifica/Voyager (2019–present)"><img alt="Chrysler Pacifica/Voyager (2019–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White%2C_Front_Left%2C_2021-03-25.jpg/303px-2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White%2C_Front_Left%2C_2021-03-25.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White%2C_Front_Left%2C_2021-03-25.jpg/454px-2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White%2C_Front_Left%2C_2021-03-25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White%2C_Front_Left%2C_2021-03-25.jpg/605px-2021_Chrysler_Grand_Caravan_SE_in_Bright_White%2C_Front_Left%2C_2021-03-25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2899" data-file-height="1725" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Pacifica_(minivan)" title="Chrysler Pacifica (minivan)">Chrysler Pacifica/Voyager</a> <br />(2019–present)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1970s_and_1980s">1970s and 1980s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1970s and 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dodge_Caravan_1985_(35460915174).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Dodge_Caravan_1985_%2835460915174%29.jpg/220px-Dodge_Caravan_1985_%2835460915174%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Dodge_Caravan_1985_%2835460915174%29.jpg/330px-Dodge_Caravan_1985_%2835460915174%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Dodge_Caravan_1985_%2835460915174%29.jpg/440px-Dodge_Caravan_1985_%2835460915174%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>1985 <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Caravan" title="Dodge Caravan">Dodge Caravan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the late 1970s, Chrysler began a development program to design "a small affordable van that looked and handled more like a car."<sup id="cite_ref-Smithsonian2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smithsonian2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result of this program was the first American minivans based on the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_minivans_(S)" title="Chrysler minivans (S)">S platform</a>, the 1984 <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Voyager" title="Plymouth Voyager">Plymouth Voyager</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Caravan" title="Dodge Caravan">Dodge Caravan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The S minivans debuted the minivan design features of front-wheel drive, a flat floor and a sliding door for rear passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-Smithsonian2_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smithsonian2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term minivan came into use largely compared to size to <a href="/wiki/Full-size_van" class="mw-redirect" title="Full-size van">full-size vans</a>; at six feet tall or lower, 1980s minivans were intended to fit inside a typical garage door opening.<sup id="cite_ref-stepper-85-022_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stepper-85-022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1984, <i>The New York Times</i> described minivans "the hot cars coming out of Detroit,"<sup id="cite_ref-memory2_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memory2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> noting that "analysts say the mini-van has created an entirely new market, one that may well overshadow the... <a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-memory2_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memory2-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to the popularity of the Voyager/Caravan, <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> released the 1985 <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Astro" title="Chevrolet Astro">Chevrolet Astro</a> and <a href="/wiki/GMC_Safari" class="mw-redirect" title="GMC Safari">GMC Safari</a> badge-engineered twins, and Ford released the 1986 <a href="/wiki/Ford_Aerostar" title="Ford Aerostar">Ford Aerostar</a>. These vehicles used a traditional <a href="/wiki/Rear-wheel_drive" title="Rear-wheel drive">rear-wheel drive</a> layout, unlike the Voyager/Caravan.<sup id="cite_ref-stepper-85-022_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stepper-85-022-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To match the launch of minivans by American manufacturers, Japanese manufacturers introduced the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Van" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Van">Toyota Van</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Vanette" title="Nissan Vanette">Nissan Vanette</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Delica" title="Mitsubishi Delica">Mitsubishi Delica</a> to North America in 1984, 1986, and 1987, respectively. These vehicles were marketed with the generic "Van" and "Wagon" names (for cargo and passenger vans, respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, the <a href="/wiki/Mazda_MPV" title="Mazda MPV">Mazda MPV</a> was released as the first Japanese-brand minivan developed from the ground up specifically for the North American market. Its larger chassis allowed an optional V6 engine and four-wheel drive to fit. In contrast to the sliding doors of American minivans, a hinged passenger-side door was used. A driver-side entry was added for 1996, as Mazda gradually remarketed the model line as an early crossover SUV. </p><p>By the end of the 1980s, demand for minivans as family vehicles had largely superseded full-size station wagons in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s">1990s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg/220px-Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg/330px-Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg/440px-Toyota_Sienna_--_07-09-2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1184" /></a><figcaption>1998–2000 <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Sienna" title="Toyota Sienna">Toyota Sienna</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the 1990s, the minivan segment underwent several significant changes. Many models switched to the front-wheel drive layout used by the Voyager/Caravan minivans. For example, Ford replaced the Aerostar with the front-wheel drive <a href="/wiki/Mercury_Villager" title="Mercury Villager">Mercury Villager</a> for 1993 and the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Windstar" title="Ford Windstar">Ford Windstar</a> for 1995. The models also increased in size due to the extended-wheelbase ("Grand") versions of the Voyager and Caravan, launched in 1987. An increase in luxury features and interior equipment was seen in the Eddie Bauer version of the 1988 Ford Aerostar, the 1990 <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Town_%26_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Town & Country">Chrysler Town & Country</a>, and the 1990 <a href="/wiki/Oldsmobile_Silhouette" title="Oldsmobile Silhouette">Oldsmobile Silhouette</a>. The third-generation Plymouth Voyager, Dodge Caravan, and Chrysler Town & Country – released for the 1996 model year – had an additional sliding door on the driver's side. </p><p>Following the 1990 discontinuation of the Nissan Vanette in the United States, Nissan also ended the sale of the second-generation <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Axxess" class="mw-redirect" title="Nissan Axxess">Nissan Axxess</a>. Nissan reentered the segment by forming a joint venture with Ford to develop and assemble a minivan that became the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Quest" title="Nissan Quest">Nissan Quest</a> and its Mercury Villager counterpart. </p><p>Toyota also introduced the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Previa" title="Toyota Previa">Toyota Previa</a> in 1990 to replace the Van/Wagon in North America. It was designed solely as a passenger vehicle sized to compete with American-market minivans. For 1998, the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Sienna" title="Toyota Sienna">Toyota Sienna</a> became the first Japanese-brand minivan assembled in North America, replacing the Toyota Previa in that market. For 1999, Honda introduced a separate version of the <a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey_(North_America)" title="Honda Odyssey (North America)">Odyssey for North America</a>, with North America receiving a larger vehicle with sliding doors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2000s_and_2010s">2000s and 2010s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2000s and 2010s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT,_front_10.27.21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT%2C_front_10.27.21.jpg/220px-2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT%2C_front_10.27.21.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT%2C_front_10.27.21.jpg/330px-2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT%2C_front_10.27.21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT%2C_front_10.27.21.jpg/440px-2017_Dodge_Grand_Caravan_GT%2C_front_10.27.21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3092" data-file-height="1876" /></a><figcaption>2017 <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Grand_Caravan" class="mw-redirect" title="Dodge Grand Caravan">Dodge Grand Caravan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The highest selling year for minivans was in 2000, when 1.4 million units were sold. However, in the following years, sales of minivans began to decrease. In 2013, the segment's sales reached approximately 500,000, one-third of its 2000 peak.<sup id="cite_ref-Mom_mobiles-CNBC2_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mom_mobiles-CNBC2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Market share of minivans in 2019 reached around 2% after a steady decline from 2004, when the segment recorded above 6% of share.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been suggested that the falling popularity of minivans is due to the increasing popularity of SUVs and crossovers, and its increasingly undesirable image as a vehicle for older drivers or the <a href="/wiki/Soccer_mom" title="Soccer mom">soccer mom</a> demographics.<sup id="cite_ref-Mom_mobiles-CNBC2_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mom_mobiles-CNBC2-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-neil2_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neil2-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2000 onward, several minivan manufacturers adopted boxier square-based exterior designs and began offering more advanced equipment, including power doors and liftgate; seating that folded flat into the cabin floor; DVD/VCR entertainment systems; in-dash navigation and rear-view camera (both only offered on higher-end trims); and parking sensors. However, the Quest and Sedona only echo these design changes in their third and second respective generations. At the same time, Chrysler introduced fold-flat seating in 2005 (under the trademark “Stow-n’-go”)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. Mazda's MPV did not feature power doors and was discontinued in 2017. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside,_Utah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside%2C_Utah.jpg/220px-Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside%2C_Utah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside%2C_Utah.jpg/330px-Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside%2C_Utah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside%2C_Utah.jpg/440px-Ford_Freestar_parked_outside_Woodside%2C_Utah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>2004 <a href="/wiki/Ford_Windstar" title="Ford Windstar">Ford Freestar</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Due to the market decline, North American sales of the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Eurovan" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Eurovan">Volkswagen Eurovan</a> ceased in 2003. Ford exited the segment in 2006 when the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Freestar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Freestar">Ford Freestar</a> was canceled, Chrysler discontinued its short-wheelbase minivans in 2007, and General Motors left the market segment in 2009 with the cancellation of the <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Uplander" title="Chevrolet Uplander">Chevrolet Uplander</a>. However, Volkswagen marketed the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Routan" title="Volkswagen Routan">Volkswagen Routan</a> (a rebadged <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_minivans_(RT)" title="Chrysler minivans (RT)">Chrysler RT minivans</a>) between 2009 and 2013. In 2010, Ford started importing the commercial-oriented <a href="/wiki/Ford_Transit_Connect" title="Ford Transit Connect">Ford Transit Connect</a> Wagon from Turkey. A similar vehicle, the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Metris" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz Metris">Mercedes-Benz Metris</a>, entered the North American market in 2016. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Kia_Sedona" class="mw-redirect" title="Kia Sedona">Kia Sedona</a>, which was introduced for the 2002 model year, is notable for being the first minivan from a South Korean manufacturer in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For 2007, <a href="/wiki/Kia" title="Kia">Kia</a> also introduced the three-row <a href="/wiki/Kia_Rondo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kia Rondo">Kia Rondo</a> compact MPV, where it was prominently marketed as a crossover due to its small size and the use of hinged rear doors.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another compact MPV released to the market was the <a href="/wiki/Mazda5" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazda5">Mazda5</a> in 2004, a three-row vehicle with rear sliding doors. Mazda claimed the model "does not fit into any traditional (North American) segmentation."<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ford_C-Max" title="Ford C-Max">Ford C-Max</a> was released for 2013 as a <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">hybrid electric</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery electric</a> compact MPV with sliding doors. However, it did not offer third-row seating in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Minivan" title="Special:EditPage/Minivan">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Minivan%22">"Minivan"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Minivan%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Minivan%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Minivan%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Minivan%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Minivan%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 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and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg/220px-1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg/330px-1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg/440px-1989_Renault_Espace_TXE_2.0_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3368" data-file-height="2116" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">1989 <a href="/wiki/Renault_Espace" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg/220px-2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg/330px-2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg/440px-2001_Citroen_Synergie_SX_HDi_2.0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4690" data-file-height="2655" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">2001 <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_Evasion" class="mw-redirect" title="Citroën Evasion">Citroën Evasion/Synergie</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg/220px-2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg/330px-2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg/440px-2004_Vauxhall_Zafira_Life_1.8_facelift.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3637" data-file-height="1829" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">2004 <a href="/wiki/Opel_Zafira#Zafira_A_(1999)" title="Opel Zafira">Vauxhall Zafira A</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_(V_447)_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_29._Juni_2016,_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_%28V_447%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_29._Juni_2016%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg/220px-Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_%28V_447%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_29._Juni_2016%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_%28V_447%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_29._Juni_2016%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg/330px-Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_%28V_447%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_29._Juni_2016%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_%28V_447%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_29._Juni_2016%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg/440px-Mercedes-Benz_V_250_d_Exclusive_AMG_Line_Lang_%28V_447%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_29._Juni_2016%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3450" data-file-height="1803" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">2016 <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_V-Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz V-Class">Mercedes-Benz V-Class</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>In Europe, the classification is commonly known as "MPV", "people carrier",<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or officially M-segment,<sup id="cite_ref-EEC_Merger_Procedure_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EEC_Merger_Procedure-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and includes <a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">van</a>-based vehicles and smaller vehicles with two-row seating.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_2">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1980s">1980s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1980s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1984 <a href="/wiki/Renault_Espace" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a> was the first European-developed minivan developed primarily for passenger use (as the earlier DKW and Volkswagen used their commercial van platforms in a minibus variant). Beginning development in the 1970s under the European subsidiaries of Chrysler,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Espace was intended as a successor for the <a href="/wiki/Matra_Rancho" title="Matra Rancho">Matra Rancho</a>, leading to its use of front-hinged doors. While slow-selling at the time of its release, the Espace would become the most successful European-brand minivan.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially intending to market the Espace in North America through <a href="/wiki/American_Motors_Corporation" title="American Motors Corporation">American Motors Corporation</a> (AMC), the 1987 sale of AMC to Chrysler canceled the plans for Renault to do so. In the late 1980s, Chrysler and Ford commenced sales of American-designed minivans in Europe (categorized as full-size in the region), selling the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Voyager" title="Chrysler Voyager">Chrysler Voyager</a> and Ford Aerostar. General Motors imported the Oldsmobile Silhouette (branded as the Pontiac Trans Sport), later marketing the American-produced <a href="/wiki/Opel_Sintra" title="Opel Sintra">Opel/Vauxhall Sintra</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s_2">1990s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1990s, several joint ventures produced long-running minivan designs. In 1994, <a href="/wiki/Rebadging" title="Rebadging">badge engineered</a> series of <a href="/wiki/Eurovans" title="Eurovans">Eurovans</a> was introduced, produced by <a href="/wiki/Sevel_Nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevel Nord">Sevel Nord</a> and marketed by Citroën, Fiat, Lancia, and Peugeot. The Eurovans were built with two sliding doors; the gearshift was located on the dashboard to increase interior space, and a petal-type handbrake was adopted. In 1995, Ford of Europe and Volkswagen entered a joint venture, producing the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Galaxy" title="Ford Galaxy">Ford Galaxy</a>, <a href="/wiki/SEAT_Alhambra" title="SEAT Alhambra">SEAT Alhambra</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Sharan" title="Volkswagen Sharan">Volkswagen Sharan</a> minivans, featuring front-hinged rear side doors. </p><p>In 1996, Mercedes introduced the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_V-Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz V-Class">Mercedes-Benz V-Class</a> as a standard panel van for cargo (called Vito) or with passenger accommodations substituted for part or all of the load area (called V-Class or Viano). In 1998, the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Multipla" title="Fiat Multipla">Fiat Multipla</a> was released. A two-row, six-seater MPV with a 3+3 seat configuration borrowing its name from <a href="/wiki/Fiat_600#Multipla" title="Fiat 600">an older minivan</a>, it is notable for its highly controversial design.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Market reaction to these new full-size MPV models was mixed. Consumers perceived MPVs as large and truck-like despite boasting similar footprints as large sedans. Arguably, cultural reasons regarding vehicle size and high fuel prices were a factor. During 1996 and 1997, the Western European MPV market expanded from around 210,000 units to 350,000 units annually. However, the growth did not continue as expected, resulting in serious plant <a href="/wiki/Overcapacity" class="mw-redirect" title="Overcapacity">overcapacity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Renault set a new "compact MPV" standard with the <a href="/wiki/Renault_Sc%C3%A9nic" title="Renault Scénic">Renault Scénic</a> in 1996, which became popular. Based on the C-segment <a href="/wiki/Renault_M%C3%A9gane" title="Renault Mégane">Mégane</a> platform, it offered the same multi-use and flexibility aspects as the larger MPVs but with a much smaller footprint.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2000s">2000s</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> After the success of the Renault Scénic, other makers have developed similar European-focused products, such as the <a href="/wiki/Opel_Zafira" title="Opel Zafira">Opel Zafira</a> that offered three-row seating, <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_Xsara_Picasso" title="Citroën Xsara Picasso">Citroën Xsara Picasso</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_56-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asia">Asia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Minivan" title="Special:EditPage/Minivan">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Minivan%22">"Minivan"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Minivan%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Minivan%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Minivan%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Minivan%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Minivan%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nissan_Prairie_1982_Sawston.JPG/330px-Nissan_Prairie_1982_Sawston.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nissan_Prairie_1982_Sawston.JPG/440px-Nissan_Prairie_1982_Sawston.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">1982 <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Prairie" title="Nissan Prairie">Nissan Prairie</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_(2011-03-10)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_%282011-03-10%29_01.jpg/220px-1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_%282011-03-10%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_%282011-03-10%29_01.jpg/330px-1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_%282011-03-10%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_%282011-03-10%29_01.jpg/440px-1998-2000_Honda_Odyssey_van_%282011-03-10%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3689" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">2000 <a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey_(international)" title="Honda Odyssey (international)">Honda Odyssey</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_(AH40)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_%28AH40%29_1.jpg/220px-2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_%28AH40%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_%28AH40%29_1.jpg/330px-2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_%28AH40%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_%28AH40%29_1.jpg/440px-2023_Toyota_Alphard_Hybrid_%28AH40%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2229" data-file-height="1587" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">2023 <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Alphard" title="Toyota Alphard">Toyota Alphard</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>In Japan, the classification is known as "minivan"<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">ミニバン</span>, <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a>: <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Miniban</i></span>)</span> and defined by its three-row seating capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the birth of minivans with modern form factors, tall wagon-type vehicles with large seating capacity in Japan were known as light vans. They commonly adopted <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">mid-engine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cab_over" title="Cab over">cab over</a> design, and rear-wheel drive layout with one-box form factor. Examples included the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_TownAce" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota TownAce">Toyota TownAce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota_HiAce" title="Toyota HiAce">Toyota HiAce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Vanette" title="Nissan Vanette">Nissan Vanette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Delica" title="Mitsubishi Delica">Mitsubishi Delica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mazda_Bongo" title="Mazda Bongo">Mazda Bongo</a>. These vehicles were based on commercial vehicles, which created a gap compared to sedans regarding ride quality and luxury.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Prairie" title="Nissan Prairie">Nissan Prairie</a>, released in 1982, is considered the first Japanese compact minivan.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Derived closely from a compact sedan, the Prairie was marketed as a "boxy sedan", configured with sliding doors, folding rear seats, and a lifting rear hatch.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Chariot" title="Mitsubishi Chariot">Mitsubishi Chariot</a> adopted nearly the same form factor, instead using wagon-style front-hinged doors. </p><p>In 1990, Toyota introduced the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Estima" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Estima">Toyota Estima</a> in Japan, which carried over the mid-engine configuration of the TownAce.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with its highly rounded exterior, the Estima was distinguished by its nearly panoramic window glass.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Estima was redesigned in 2000, adopting a front-wheel drive layout and offered with a <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">hybrid</a> powertrain since 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2002, Toyota introduced the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Alphard" title="Toyota Alphard">Toyota Alphard</a> which was developed as a luxury-oriented model. In 2020, Lexus introduced their first <a href="/wiki/Luxury_car" title="Luxury car">luxury</a> minivan, the <a href="/wiki/Lexus_LM" title="Lexus LM">Lexus LM</a>, produced with varying degrees of relation with the Toyota Alphard/Vellfire. The LM designation stands for "Luxury Mover".<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nissan introduced the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Serena" title="Nissan Serena">Nissan Serena</a> in 1991 and the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Elgrand" title="Nissan Elgrand">Nissan Elgrand</a> in 1997. </p><p>In 1995, Honda entered the minivan segment by introducing the <a href="/wiki/Honda_Odyssey" title="Honda Odyssey">Honda Odyssey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Odyssey was designed with front-hinged doors and as derived from the Honda Accord. It came with advantages such as sedan-like driving dynamics and a lower floor to allow for easy access.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a design feature that would become widely adopted by other manufacturers, the Odyssey introduced a rear seat that folded flat into the floor (replacing a removable rear seat). The Odyssey evolved into a low-roof, estate-like minivan until 2013, when it adopted a high-roof body with rear sliding doors.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Honda also produced the <a href="/wiki/Honda_Stepwgn" title="Honda Stepwgn">Honda Stepwgn</a> mid-size MPV since 1996, which is designed with a higher cabin and narrow width, and the <a href="/wiki/Honda_Stream" title="Honda Stream">Honda Stream</a> since 2000 to slot below the Odyssey.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, minivans made up 20.8% of total automobile sales in Japan, behind SUVs and compact hatchbacks, making it one of the largest minivan markets in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Korea">South Korea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: South Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In South Korea, both the terms "minivan" and "MPV" are used.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Kia_Carnival" title="Kia Carnival">Kia Carnival</a> (also sold the Kia Sedona) was introduced in 1998 with dual sliding doors. Sharing its configuration with the Honda Odyssey, the <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Trajet" title="Hyundai Trajet">Hyundai Trajet</a> was sold from 1999 to 2008. Introduced in 2004, the <a href="/wiki/SsangYong_Rodius" title="SsangYong Rodius">SsangYong Rodius</a> is the highest-capacity minivan, seating up to 11 passengers. It was discontinued in 2019. </p><p>Current minivans marketed in South Korea are the Kia Carnival and Hyundai Staria, along with imported options such as the Toyota Sienna (originally for North America) and later generations of Honda Odyssey.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_(BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION)_China.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_%28BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION%29_China.jpg/220px-BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_%28BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION%29_China.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_%28BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION%29_China.jpg/330px-BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_%28BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION%29_China.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_%28BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION%29_China.jpg/440px-BUICK_GL8_CENTURY_%28BUICK_GL8_FOURTH_GENENRATION%29_China.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7071" data-file-height="3685" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Buick_GL8_Century" class="mw-redirect" title="Buick GL8 Century">Buick GL8 Century</a></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeekr_009_014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Zeekr_009_014.jpg/220px-Zeekr_009_014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Zeekr_009_014.jpg/330px-Zeekr_009_014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Zeekr_009_014.jpg/440px-Zeekr_009_014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zeekr_009" title="Zeekr 009">Zeekr 009</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1999, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_GM" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanghai GM">Shanghai GM</a> commenced production of the <a href="/wiki/Buick_GL8" title="Buick GL8">Buick GL8</a> minivan, derived from a minivan platform designed by GM in the United States. After two generations of production, the GL8 is the final minivan produced by General Motors or its joint ventures today. It remained dominant in the high-end minivan segment of the market.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sales of minivans in China increased rapidly in 2015 and 2016 when the Chinese government lifted the <a href="/wiki/One-child_policy" title="One-child policy">one-child policy</a> in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Two-child_policy" title="Two-child policy">two-child policy</a>, which pushed customer preference toward three-row vehicles in anticipation of a larger family. In 2016, 2,497,543 minivans were sold in China, a major increase from 2012, which recorded 936,232 sales. However, sales volume has shrunk ever since, with only 1,082,028 minivans sold in the domestic market in 2021 (4.1% of the total car market), around 720,000 of which were sold by domestic manufacturers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2022, <a href="/wiki/Zeekr" title="Zeekr">Zeekr</a> introduced the <a href="/wiki/Zeekr_009" title="Zeekr 009">Zeekr 009</a> <a href="/wiki/Electric_car" title="Electric car">electric</a> minivan,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> deliveries of the 009 began in the first quarter of 2023 in China.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Indonesia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The MPV segment is the most popular passenger car segment in Indonesia, with a market share of 40 percent in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The category is commonly known as <b>multi utility vehicle (MUV)</b> or MPV.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year#India" title="Fiscal year">fiscal year</a> 2020, the sales volume of the segment totaled 283,583 vehicles, or 10.3% of industry total.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Luxury_MPV"><span class="anchor" id="Luxury"></span> Luxury MPV</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Luxury MPV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manufacturers such as <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lexus" title="Lexus">Lexus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buick" title="Buick">Buick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hongqi_(marque)" title="Hongqi (marque)">Hongqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zeekr" title="Zeekr">Zeekr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volvo_Cars" title="Volvo Cars">Volvo</a> have marketed upscale MPVs as <a href="/wiki/Luxury_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxury vehicles">luxury vehicles</a>, mainly marketed for several Asian markets. </p><p>Luxury MPVs generally have 3-rows of six or seven seats; however, range-topping flagship models may also offer a 2-rows option with four seats, which typically have more features than their cheaper counterparts. By the early 2020s, manufacturers have found additional strategies to improve technologies, such as new materials, new systems, and improving exteriors. </p><p>Examples of luxury MPV models include <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_V-Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz V-Class">Mercedes-Benz V-Class</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lexus_LM" title="Lexus LM">Lexus LM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buick_GL8" title="Buick GL8">Buick GL8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hongqi_HQ9" title="Hongqi HQ9">Hongqi HQ9</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Alphard" title="Toyota Alphard">Toyota Alphard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volvo_EM90" title="Volvo EM90">Volvo EM90</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Zeekr_009" title="Zeekr 009">Zeekr 009</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Examples of luxury MPVs</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mercedes-Benz EQV (2020–present)"><img alt="Mercedes-Benz EQV (2020–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg/270px-2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg/405px-2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg/540px-2024_Mercedes-Benz_EQV_IAA_2023_1X7A0464.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5282" data-file-height="3525" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_V-Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes-Benz V-Class">Mercedes-Benz EQV</a><br />(2020–present)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 204.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 202.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lexus_LM_350h_(AAWH10)_IMG_0035.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lexus LM (2020–present)"><img alt="Lexus LM (2020–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Lexus_LM_350h_%28AAWH10%29_IMG_0035.jpg/304px-Lexus_LM_350h_%28AAWH10%29_IMG_0035.jpg" decoding="async" width="203" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Lexus_LM_350h_%28AAWH10%29_IMG_0035.jpg/456px-Lexus_LM_350h_%28AAWH10%29_IMG_0035.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Lexus_LM_350h_%28AAWH10%29_IMG_0035.jpg/608px-Lexus_LM_350h_%28AAWH10%29_IMG_0035.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5171" data-file-height="3066" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lexus_LM" title="Lexus LM">Lexus LM</a><br />(2020–present)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 237.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 235.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2022_Hongqi_HQ9_(front).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hongqi HQ9 (2022–present)"><img alt="Hongqi HQ9 (2022–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/2022_Hongqi_HQ9_%28front%29.jpg/353px-2022_Hongqi_HQ9_%28front%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="236" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/2022_Hongqi_HQ9_%28front%29.jpg/529px-2022_Hongqi_HQ9_%28front%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/2022_Hongqi_HQ9_%28front%29.jpg/706px-2022_Hongqi_HQ9_%28front%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6387" data-file-height="3260" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hongqi_HQ9" title="Hongqi HQ9">Hongqi HQ9</a><br />(2022–present)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Volvo EM90 (2023–present)"><img alt="Volvo EM90 (2023–present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg/270px-Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg/404px-Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg/539px-Volvo_EM90_02_China_2024-03-19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="869" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Volvo_EM90" title="Volvo EM90">Volvo EM90</a><br />(2023–present)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Size_categories">Size categories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Size categories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mini_MPV">Mini MPV</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Mini MPV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mini_MPV" title="Mini MPV">Mini MPV</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Opel_Meriva_(B)_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_12._Juni_2011,_Ratingen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Opel_Meriva_%28B%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_12._Juni_2011%2C_Ratingen.jpg/220px-Opel_Meriva_%28B%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_12._Juni_2011%2C_Ratingen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Opel_Meriva_%28B%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_12._Juni_2011%2C_Ratingen.jpg/330px-Opel_Meriva_%28B%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_12._Juni_2011%2C_Ratingen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Opel_Meriva_%28B%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_12._Juni_2011%2C_Ratingen.jpg/440px-Opel_Meriva_%28B%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_12._Juni_2011%2C_Ratingen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2120" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Opel_Meriva" title="Opel Meriva">Opel Meriva</a> <span class="nowrap">(2003–2017)</span> </figcaption></figure> <p>Mini MPV – an abbreviation for Mini Multi-Purpose Vehicle – is a vehicle size class for the smallest size of minivans (MPVs). The Mini MPV size class sits below the compact MPV size class, and the vehicles are often built on the platforms of B-segment hatchback models. </p><p>Several minivans based on B-segment platforms have been marketed as 'leisure activity vehicles' in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-Patrascu_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Patrascu-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Fiorino" title="Fiat Fiorino">Fiat Fiorino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ford_Transit_Courier" title="Ford Transit Courier">Ford Transit Courier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples: <a href="/wiki/Category:Mini_MPVs" title="Category:Mini MPVs">Category:Mini MPVs</a> <small style="">( 70 )</small> </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compact_MPV">Compact MPV</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Compact MPV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Compact_MPV" title="Compact MPV">Compact MPV</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg/220px-2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg/330px-2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg/440px-2018_Volkswagen_Touran_1.6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4325" data-file-height="2220" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Touran" title="Volkswagen Touran">Volkswagen Touran</a> <span class="nowrap">(2015–present)</span> </figcaption></figure> <p>Compact MPV – an abbreviation for Compact Multi-Purpose Vehicle – is a vehicle size class for the middle size of MPVs/minivans. The Compact MPV size class sits between the mini MPV and minivan size classes. </p><p>Compact MPVs remain predominantly European, although they are also built and sold in many Latin American and Asian markets. As of 2016, the only compact MPV sold widely in the United States was the Ford C-Max. </p><p>Examples: <a href="/wiki/Category:Compact_MPVs" title="Category:Compact MPVs">Category:Compact MPVs</a> <small style="">( 112 )</small> </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_categories">Related categories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Related categories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leisure_activity_vehicle">Leisure activity vehicle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Leisure activity vehicle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg/220px-Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg/330px-Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg/440px-Talbot_Matra_Rancho.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Matra_Rancho" title="Matra Rancho">Matra Rancho</a>, one of the first LAVs</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg/220px-2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg/330px-2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg/440px-2020_Peugeot_Rifter_GT_Line_Long_BlueHDi_1.5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4343" data-file-height="2659" /></a><figcaption>Peugeot Rifter, a LAV based on the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_Partner" class="mw-redirect" title="Peugeot Partner">Peugeot Partner</a> commercial van</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>leisure activity vehicle</b> (abbreviated <b>LAV</b>), also known as van-based MPV<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>ludospace</i> in French,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the passenger-oriented version of small commercial vans primarily marketed in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-Patrascu_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Patrascu-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the first LAVs was the 1977 <a href="/wiki/Matra_Rancho" title="Matra Rancho">Matra Rancho</a> (among the first crossover SUVs and a precursor to the Renault Espace), with European manufacturers expanding the segment in the late 1990s, following the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_Berlingo" title="Citroën Berlingo">Citroën Berlingo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Renault_Kangoo" title="Renault Kangoo">Renault Kangoo</a>. </p><p>Leisure activity vehicles are typically derived from <a href="/wiki/Supermini_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Supermini car">supermini</a> or <a href="/wiki/Subcompact_car" title="Subcompact car">subcompact</a> car platforms, differing from <a href="/wiki/Mini_MPV" title="Mini MPV">mini MPVs</a> in body design. To maximize interior space, LAVs feature a taller roof, more upright windshield, and longer hood/bonnet with either a <a href="/wiki/Hatchback#Characteristics" title="Hatchback">liftgate</a> or barn doors to access the boot. Marketed as an alternative to sedan-derived <a href="/wiki/Small_family_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Small family car">small family cars</a>, LAVs have seating with a lower <a href="/wiki/H-point" title="H-point">H-point</a> than MPVs or minivans, offering two (or three) rows of seating. </p><p>Though sharing underpinnings with superminis, subcompacts, and mini MPVs, using an extended wheelbase can make leisure activity vehicles longer than those from which they are derived. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Dobl%C3%B2" title="Fiat Doblò">Fiat Doblò</a> is one of the longest LAVs with a total length of 4,255 mm (167.5 in), versus the 4,050 mm (159.4 in) of the <a href="/wiki/Opel_Meriva" title="Opel Meriva">Opel Meriva</a> (a mini MPV) and the 4,030 mm (158.7 in) of the <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_206" title="Peugeot 206">Peugeot 206</a> SW (a supermini). </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asian_utility_vehicle">Asian utility vehicle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Asian utility vehicle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Basic_utility_vehicle" title="Basic utility vehicle">Basic utility vehicle</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:03_toyota_revo_sr_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/03_toyota_revo_sr_%28cropped%29.JPG/220px-03_toyota_revo_sr_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/03_toyota_revo_sr_%28cropped%29.JPG/330px-03_toyota_revo_sr_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/03_toyota_revo_sr_%28cropped%29.JPG/440px-03_toyota_revo_sr_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1710" data-file-height="1102" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Revo" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Revo">Toyota Revo</a>, also known as the Kijang in Indonesia</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>Asian utility vehicle</b> (abbreviated <b>AUV</b>) originates from the Philippines to describe basic and affordable vehicles with either large seating capacity or cargo designed to be sold in developing countries. These vehicles are usually available in minivan-like wagon body style with a seating capacity of 7 to 16 passengers. They are usually based on a compact pickup truck with <a href="/wiki/Body-on-frame" title="Body-on-frame">body-on-frame</a> chassis and <a href="/wiki/Rear-wheel_drive" title="Rear-wheel drive">rear-wheel drive</a> to maximize its load capacity and durability while maintaining low manufacturing costs. Until the 2000s, AUVs were popular in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and some African markets.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first AUV is the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Kijang" title="Toyota Kijang">Toyota Tamaraw/Kijang</a>, introduced in the Philippines and Indonesia in 1975 as a pickup truck with an optional rear cabin.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1990s, other vehicles such as the <a href="/wiki/Isuzu_Panther" title="Isuzu Panther">Isuzu Panther/Hi-Lander/Crosswind</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Freeca" title="Mitsubishi Freeca">Mitsubishi Freeca/Adventure/Kuda</a> emerged in the AUV segment.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern equivalent of AUV is the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Innova" title="Toyota Innova">Toyota Innova</a>, an MPV that is the direct successor to the Kijang which in its first two generations were built with body-on-frame construction. The vehicle's third generation switched to <a href="/wiki/Unibody" class="mw-redirect" title="Unibody">unibody</a> construction.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Three-row_SUV">Three-row SUV</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Three-row SUV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">Sport utility vehicle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crossover_(automobile)" title="Crossover (automobile)">Crossover (automobile)</a></div> <p>With the decline of the minivan/MPV category in many regions, such as North America and Europe, in the mid-2010s, SUVs and crossovers with three rows of seating became popular alternatives. Compared to minivans, three-row SUVs lose sliding doors and generally offer less interior space due to the higher priorities on exterior styling and higher <a href="/wiki/Ground_clearance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground clearance">ground clearance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://automotivemap.com/best-selling-minivans-2020-2646941150.html?rebelltitem=2#rebelltitem2">"Ranked: 5 best-selling new minivans in the U.S. in 2020"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2021</span>. <q>No. 1 - Chrysler Pacifica (93,802 sold)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ranked%3A+5+best-selling+new+minivans+in+the+U.S.+in+2020&rft.pub=AutomotiveMap&rft.date=2020-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fautomotivemap.com%2Fbest-selling-minivans-2020-2646941150.html%3Frebelltitem%3D2%23rebelltitem2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/minivan?a=british">"minivan"</a>. <i>Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=webcartop.jp&rft.atitle=%E6%95%B0%E5%A4%9A%E3%81%8F%E3%81%AE%E3%83%A2%E3%83%87%E3%83%AB%E3%81%8C%E8%AA%95%E7%94%9F%EF%BC%81+%E3%83%88%E3%83%A8%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%81%B8%E7%B6%9A%E3%81%8F%E3%83%88%E3%83%A8%E3%82%BF%E3%81%8C%E7%94%9F%E3%81%BF%E5%87%BA%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E3%82%92%E8%BE%BF%E3%82%8B&rft.date=2020-05-09&rft.au=%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9%E7%A4%BE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webcartop.jp%2F2020%2F05%2F524654%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/lexus-lm-luxury-mpv-fully-revealed-ahead-uk-launch">"Lexus LM luxury MPV fully revealed ahead of UK launch"</a>. <i>Autocar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Autocar&rft.atitle=Lexus+LM+luxury+MPV+fully+revealed+ahead+of+UK+launch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autocar.co.uk%2Fcar-news%2Fnew-cars%2Flexus-lm-luxury-mpv-fully-revealed-ahead-uk-launch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarne" class="citation web cs1">Sarne, V. Vernon B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visor.ph/cars/the-lexus-luxury-mover-makes-a-lot-of-motoring-sense/">"The Lexus Luxury Mover makes a lot of motoring sense"</a>. <i>visor.ph</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=visor.ph&rft.atitle=The+Lexus+Luxury+Mover+makes+a+lot+of+motoring+sense&rft.aulast=Sarne&rft.aufirst=V.+Vernon+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisor.ph%2Fcars%2Fthe-lexus-luxury-mover-makes-a-lot-of-motoring-sense%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kuruma-news.jp/post/451096">"ホンダ「オデッセイ」が27年の歴史に幕！「ミニバン」ブームの火付け役が残した功績とは"</a>. <i>くるまのニュース</i> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8B%E3%81%BE%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9&rft.atitle=%E3%83%9B%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%80%8C%E3%82%AA%E3%83%87%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%80%8D%E3%81%8C27%E5%B9%B4%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E3%81%AB%E5%B9%95%EF%BC%81%E3%80%8C%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%80%8D%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%81%AE%E7%81%AB%E4%BB%98%E3%81%91%E5%BD%B9%E3%81%8C%E6%AE%8B%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E5%8A%9F%E7%B8%BE%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkuruma-news.jp%2Fpost%2F451096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autos.goo.ne.jp/news/webcartop-826170/">"消えちゃいけないオデッセイが５代目にして消滅！ミニバン市場をけん引した偉大なる１台の歴史とは | goo - 自動車"</a> [The Odyssey that cannot disappear for the 5th generation! What is the history of one great car that drove the minivan market?]. <i>goo自動車&バイク</i> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=goo%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A%26%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF&rft.atitle=%E6%B6%88%E3%81%88%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%81%84%E3%81%91%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%82%AA%E3%83%87%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%81%8C%EF%BC%95%E4%BB%A3%E7%9B%AE%E3%81%AB%E3%81%97%E3%81%A6%E6%B6%88%E6%BB%85%EF%BC%81+%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E3%82%92%E3%81%91%E3%82%93%E5%BC%95%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E5%81%89%E5%A4%A7%E3%81%AA%E3%82%8B%EF%BC%91%E5%8F%B0%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF+%7C+goo+-+%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fautos.goo.ne.jp%2Fnews%2Fwebcartop-826170%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/8852491d96bc326df2c42b1d9c6d1e6bbe394c0c">"ミニバンとは？他にはないミニバンの良さや最新人気車種をご紹介！（WEB CARTOP）"</a>. <i>Yahoo!ニュース</i> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9&rft.atitle=%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF%EF%BC%9F+%E4%BB%96%E3%81%AB%E3%81%AF%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%81%AE%E8%89%AF%E3%81%95%E3%82%84%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%97%E8%BB%8A%E7%A8%AE%E3%82%92%E3%81%94%E7%B4%B9%E4%BB%8B%EF%BC%81%EF%BC%88WEB+CARTOP%EF%BC%89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.co.jp%2Farticles%2F8852491d96bc326df2c42b1d9c6d1e6bbe394c0c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcg.net/articles/-/39948">"第38回：ミニバン文化の発展広さと走りの両立に挑んだ25年"</a> [Development of minivan culture 25 years of striving to achieve both wideness and driving]. <i>webcg.net</i> (in Japanese). 6 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=webcg.net&rft.atitle=%E7%AC%AC38%E5%9B%9E%EF%BC%9A%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E3%81%AE%E7%99%BA%E5%B1%95+%E5%BA%83%E3%81%95%E3%81%A8%E8%B5%B0%E3%82%8A%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%A1%E7%AB%8B%E3%81%AB%E6%8C%91%E3%82%93%E3%81%A025%E5%B9%B4&rft.date=2018-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webcg.net%2Farticles%2F-%2F39948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autoc-one.jp/honda/vezel/special-5010288/">"SUVのシェアがミニバン超えの3割に！勢力図が大変化した新車市場の今とは!?|コラム【MOTA】"</a> [The share of SUVs exceeds 30% of minivans! What is the current state of the new car market, where the power map has changed dramatically?]. <i>autoc-one.jp MOTA（旧オートックワン）</i> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=autoc-one.jp+MOTA%EF%BC%88%E6%97%A7%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%B3%EF%BC%89&rft.atitle=SUV%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A2%E3%81%8C%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8B%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E8%B6%85%E3%81%88%E3%81%AE3%E5%89%B2%E3%81%AB%EF%BC%81+%E5%8B%A2%E5%8A%9B%E5%9B%B3%E3%81%8C%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%89%E5%8C%96%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E6%96%B0%E8%BB%8A%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E3%81%AE%E4%BB%8A%E3%81%A8%E3%81%AF%21%3F%7C%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E3%80%90MOTA%E3%80%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fautoc-one.jp%2Fhonda%2Fvezel%2Fspecial-5010288%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motoya.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=33759">"여름 휴가의 이상적인 동반자, 국내서 만날 수 있는 MPV 6종"</a> [The ideal companion for summer vacation, 6 MPVs that you can meet in Korea]. <i>motoya.co.kr 모토야</i> (in Korean). 28 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=motoya.co.kr+%EB%AA%A8%ED%86%A0%EC%95%BC&rft.atitle=%EC%97%AC%EB%A6%84+%ED%9C%B4%EA%B0%80%EC%9D%98+%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81%EC%A0%81%EC%9D%B8+%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%98%EC%9E%90%2C+%EA%B5%AD%EB%82%B4%EC%84%9C+%EB%A7%8C%EB%82%A0+%EC%88%98+%EC%9E%88%EB%8A%94+MPV+6%EC%A2%85&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motoya.co.kr%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D33759&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.0car.top/xnynews/xnysc/2022/0223/410341.html">"〈威尔〉赛那"姊妹车"来了，还会继续走"加价"路线吗『皇冠』？_新能源市场_零排放智能汽车网"</a>. <i>0car.top</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=topgear.com.ph&rft.atitle=Adios%2C+AUVs%3A+The+twilight+of+the+10-seaters+is+upon+us&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topgear.com.ph%2Ffeatures%2Ffeature-articles%2Fauv-ph-isuzu-mitsubishi-a36-20170926-lfrm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autodeal.com.ph/articles/car-features/auv-mpv-or-suv-what-are-differences">"AUV, MPV, or SUV: What are the differences?"</a>. <i>autodeal.com.ph</i>. 26 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=autodeal.com.ph&rft.atitle=AUV%2C+MPV%2C+or+SUV%3A+What+are+the+differences%3F&rft.date=2019-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autodeal.com.ph%2Farticles%2Fcar-features%2Fauv-mpv-or-suv-what-are-differences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://agirlsguidetocars.com/suvs-vs-minivans-right/">"3 Row SUV vs the Best Minivan: Which is Right For You?"</a>. <i>agirlsguidetocars.com</i>. 28 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=agirlsguidetocars.com&rft.atitle=3+Row+SUV+vs+the+Best+Minivan%3A+Which+is+Right+For+You%3F&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fagirlsguidetocars.com%2Fsuvs-vs-minivans-right%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRadu2021" class="citation web cs1">Radu, Vlad (30 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autoevolution.com/news/a-minivan-or-a-three-row-suv-which-vehicle-is-better-for-your-family-160328.html">"A Minivan or a Three-Row SUV? Which Vehicle Is Better for Your Family?"</a>. <i>autoevolution.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=autoevolution.com&rft.atitle=A+Minivan+or+a+Three-Row+SUV%3F+Which+Vehicle+Is+Better+for+Your+Family%3F&rft.date=2021-04-30&rft.aulast=Radu&rft.aufirst=Vlad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autoevolution.com%2Fnews%2Fa-minivan-or-a-three-row-suv-which-vehicle-is-better-for-your-family-160328.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motortrend.com/features/minivan-vs-suv-comparison/">"Minivan or SUV—Which Is Best for Big Families?"</a>. <i>Motor Trend</i>. 23 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motor+Trend&rft.atitle=Minivan+or+SUV%E2%80%94Which+Is+Best+for+Big+Families%3F&rft.date=2020-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motortrend.com%2Ffeatures%2Fminivan-vs-suv-comparison%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinivan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minivan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Minivans" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Minivans">Minivans</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <dl><dt>Videos</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShM0dj58tI4">"The Fall of the Minivan"</a>. CNBC. 18 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/ShM0dj58tI4">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microcar" title="Microcar">Micro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kei_car" title="Kei car">Kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcompact_car" title="Subcompact car">Subcompact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">Supermini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_car" title="Family car">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Custom_car" title="Custom car">Custom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod">Hot rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_sled" title="Lead sled">Lead sled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowrider" title="Lowrider">Lowrider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_rod#1960s_rise_of_the_street_rod" title="Hot rod">Street rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-bucket" title="T-bucket">T-bucket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Luxury_car" title="Luxury car">Luxury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_executive_car" title="Compact executive car">Compact executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_car" title="Executive car">Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">Personal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Minivan / MPV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_MPV" title="Compact MPV">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leisure_activity_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Leisure activity vehicle">Leisure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_MPV" title="Mini MPV">Mini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_sport_utility_vehicle" title="Compact sport utility vehicle">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(automobile)" title="Crossover (automobile)">Crossover (CUV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_SUV" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini SUV">Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_SUV" title="Coupe SUV">Coupe SUV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_car" title="Sports car">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">Grand tourer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_hatch" title="Hot hatch">Hot hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">Muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pony_car" title="Pony car">Pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_compact" title="Sport compact">Sport compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_sedan" title="Sports sedan">Sports sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercar" title="Supercar">Super</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antique_car" title="Antique car">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_car" title="Classic car">Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_car" title="Economy car">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_(vehicle)" title="Ute (vehicle)">Ute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_car" title="Vintage car">Vintage car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euro_Car_Segment" title="Euro Car Segment">EU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-segment" title="A-segment">A-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">B-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-segment" title="C-segment">C-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-segment" title="D-segment">D-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-segment" title="E-segment">E-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-segment" title="F-segment">F-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="J-segment">J-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="M-segment">M-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-segment" title="S-segment">S-segment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Car_body_style" title="Car body style">Body styles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_(car_body_style)" title="2+2 (car body style)">2+2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baquet_(car_body_style)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baquet (car body style)">Baquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barchetta" title="Barchetta">Barchetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlinetta" title="Berlinetta">Berlinetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brougham_(car_body)" title="Brougham (car body)">Brougham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrio_coach" title="Cabrio coach">Cabrio coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_over" title="Cab over">Cab over</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe" title="Coupe">Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9_utility" title="Coupé utility">Coupé utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastback" title="Fastback">Fastback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardtop" title="Hardtop">Hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">Hatchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammback" title="Kammback">Kammback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landaulet_(car)" title="Landaulet (car)">Landaulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liftback" title="Liftback">Liftback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microvan" title="Microvan">Microvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minibus" title="Minibus">Minibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-stop_truck" title="Multi-stop truck">Multi-stop truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notchback" title="Notchback">Notchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_body" title="Phaeton body">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">Pickup truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad coupé">Quad coupé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Retractable hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadster / Spider / Spyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runabout_(car)" title="Runabout (car)">Runabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedan_(automobile)" title="Sedan (automobile)">Saloon / Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Sedan delivery/Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_brake" title="Shooting brake">Shooting brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">Station wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targa_top" title="Targa top">Targa top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_(car)" title="Torpedo (car)">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">Touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Town (Coupé de Ville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-top" title="T-top">T-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vis-%C3%A0-vis_(carriage)" title="Vis-à-vis (carriage)">Vis-à-vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized <br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">All-terrain vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_car" title="Connected car">Connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-driving_car" title="Self-driving car">Driverless (autonomous)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrocar" title="Gyrocar">Gyrocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Pedal car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_car" title="Police car">Police car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_car" title="Flying car">Flying car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxicab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tow_truck" title="Tow truck">Tow truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiturette" title="Voiturette">Voiturette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ground_propulsion" title="Ground propulsion">Propulsion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">Alternative fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autogas" title="Autogas">Autogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogasoline" title="Biogasoline">Biogasoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">Compressed natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_Electric_Vehicle" title="Neighborhood Electric Vehicle">NEV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ethanol_fuel_mixtures" title="Common ethanol fuel mixtures">Ethanol</a> (<a href="/wiki/E85" title="E85">E85</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">Fossil fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">Fuel cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_gas" title="Fuel gas">Fuel gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">Gasoline / petrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">direct injection</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homogeneous_charge_compression_ignition" title="Homogeneous charge compression ignition">Homogeneous charge compression ignition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">Internal combustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen_engine" title="Liquid nitrogen engine">Liquid nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquified_petroleum_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquified petroleum gas">Liquified petroleum gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_car" title="Steam car">Steam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drive_wheel" title="Drive wheel">Drive wheels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">Front-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout#Rear_wheel_drive_layouts" title="Powertrain layout">Rear-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-wheel_drive" title="Two-wheel drive">Two-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-wheel_drive" title="Four-wheel drive">Four-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-wheel_drive" title="Six-wheel drive">Six-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-wheel_drive" title="Eight-wheel drive">Eight-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-wheel drive">Ten-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve-wheel drive">Twelve-wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Engine position</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine_design" title="Front-engine design">Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">Mid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">Rear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Layout</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(engine / drive)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-mid-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front mid-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Rear-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Front-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear mid-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Front-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Mid-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Rear-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Dual-motor,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Dual-motor, four-wheel-drive layout">Dual motor-four-wheel</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Engine_configuration" title="Engine configuration">Engine configuration</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-stroke_engine" title="Four-stroke engine">Four-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H_engine" title="H engine">H-block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Reciprocating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-cylinder_engine" title="Single-cylinder engine">Single-cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_engine" title="Straight engine">Straight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-stroke_engine" title="Two-stroke engine">Two-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_engine" title="V engine">V (Vee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_engine" title="W engine">W engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cars" title="Category:Cars">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:EC_car_classification" title="Template:EC car classification">Template:EC car classification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minivan&oldid=1258924777">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minivan&oldid=1258924777</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Minivans" 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