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href="#Dates_around_the_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Dates around the world </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dates_around_the_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_history_and_tradition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_history_and_tradition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 International history and tradition </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_history_and_tradition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle International history and tradition subsection </button> <ul id="toc-International_history_and_tradition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-By_country" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#By_country"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 By country </div> </a> <ul id="toc-By_country-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Albania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Albania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arab_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arab_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Arab world </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arab_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Argentina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Argentina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3 Argentina </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Argentina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.4 Armenia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.5 Australia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.6 Bangladesh </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.7 Belarus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bhutan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bhutan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.8 Bhutan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bhutan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.9 Belgium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bolivia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bolivia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.10 Bolivia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bolivia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.11 Brazil </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.12 Canada </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.13 China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Costa_Rica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Costa_Rica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.14 Costa Rica </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Costa_Rica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czech_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czech_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.15 Czech Republic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czech_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.16 Egypt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethiopia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethiopia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.17 Ethiopia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethiopia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.18 Estonia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.19 Finland </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.20 France </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Georgia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Georgia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.21 Georgia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Georgia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.22 Germany </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.23 Hungary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.24 India </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indonesia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.25 Indonesia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.26 Iran </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.27 Ireland </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.28 Israel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.29 Italy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.30 Japan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kyrgyzstan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kyrgyzstan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.31 Kyrgyzstan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kyrgyzstan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latvia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latvia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.32 Latvia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latvia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lithuania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lithuania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.33 Lithuania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lithuania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malawi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malawi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.34 Malawi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malawi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maldives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maldives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.35 Maldives </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maldives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.36 Malta </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mexico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mexico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.37 Mexico </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mexico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Myanmar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Myanmar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.38 Myanmar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Myanmar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nepal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nepal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.39 Nepal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nepal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netherlands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netherlands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.40 Netherlands </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netherlands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.41 New Zealand </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nicaragua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nicaragua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.42 Nicaragua </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nicaragua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Korea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Korea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.43 North Korea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Norway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Norway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.44 Norway </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Norway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.45 Pakistan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.46 Panama </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paraguay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paraguay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.47 Paraguay </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paraguay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.48 Philippines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portugal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portugal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.49 Portugal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portugal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.50 Romania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.51 Russia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.52 Samoa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Singapore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Singapore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.53 Singapore </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singapore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Slovakia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slovakia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.54 Slovakia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Slovakia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.55 South Africa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Sudan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Sudan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.56 South Sudan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Sudan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.57 Spain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sri_Lanka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sri_Lanka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.58 Sri Lanka </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sri_Lanka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sweden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sweden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.59 Sweden </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sweden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Switzerland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Switzerland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.60 Switzerland </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Switzerland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.61 Taiwan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thailand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thailand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.62 Thailand </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thailand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.63 Ukraine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.64 United Kingdom </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.65 United States </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Notes </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notes subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Mother's Day</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 108 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-108" aria-hidden="true" > 108 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moedersdag" title="Moedersdag – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Moedersdag" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muttertag" title="Muttertag – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Muttertag" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85" title="يوم الأم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوم الأم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%95%D6%80" title="Մայրերու Օր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մայրերու Օր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%83_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%B8" title="মাতৃ দিৱস – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মাতৃ দিৱস" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sy_%C3%81ra" title="Sy Ára – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Sy Ára" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analar_G%C3%BCn%C3%BC" title="Analar Günü – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Analar Günü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahina_Ibu" title="Rahina Ibu – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Rahina Ibu" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%83_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8" title="মাতৃ দিবস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাতৃ দিবস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96" title="Дзень маці – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дзень маці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldaw_nin_mga_Nanay" title="Aldaw nin mga Nanay – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Aldaw nin mga Nanay" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ден на майката – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ден на майката" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨ་མའི་དུས་ཆེན། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨ་མའི་དུས་ཆེན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia_de_la_Mare" title="Dia de la Mare – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dia de la Mare" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_matek" title="Den matek – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Den matek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sul_y_Mamau" title="Sul y Mamau – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sul y Mamau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mors_dag" title="Mors dag – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mors dag" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muttertag" title="Muttertag – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Muttertag" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emadep%C3%A4ev" title="Emadepäev – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Emadepäev" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ημέρα της μητέρας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ημέρα της μητέρας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADa_de_la_Madre" title="Día de la Madre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Día de la Madre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tago_de_patrinoj" title="Tago de patrinoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tago de patrinoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaren_Eguna" title="Amaren Eguna – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amaren Eguna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="روز مادر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روز مادر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AAte_des_M%C3%A8res" title="Fête des Mères – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fête des Mères" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1_na_M%C3%A1ithreacha" title="Lá na Máithreacha – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Lá na Máithreacha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADa_da_Nai" title="Día da Nai – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Día da Nai" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%A8%B8%EB%8B%88%EB%82%A0" title="어머니날 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="어머니날" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%85%D6%80" title="Մայրերի օր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մայրերի օր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8" title="मातृ दिवस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मातृ दिवस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maj%C4%8Din_dan" title="Majčin dan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Majčin dan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio_di_matro" title="Dio di matro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Dio di matro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Ibu" title="Hari Ibu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hari Ibu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_del_Matre" title="Die del Matre – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Die del Matre" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_del_matre" title="Die del matre – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Die del matre" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A6%C3%B0radagurinn" title="Mæðradagurinn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mæðradagurinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festa_della_mamma" title="Festa della mamma – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Festa della mamma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%97%D7%94" title="יום המשפחה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יום המשפחה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dina_Ibu" title="Dina Ibu – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Dina Ibu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaanap_ullua" title="Anaanap ullua – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Anaanap ullua" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kalaallisut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8" title="ತಾಯಿ ದಿನ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತಾಯಿ ದಿನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94" title="დედის დღე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დედის დღე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%DB%81%D9%95_%D8%AF%DB%84%DB%81" title="ماجہٕ دۄہ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ماجہٕ دۄہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umunsi_wababyeyi" title="Umunsi wababyeyi – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umunsi wababyeyi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siku_ya_Mama" title="Siku ya Mama – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Siku ya Mama" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roja_dayik%C3%AA" title="Roja dayikê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Roja dayikê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81tes_diena" title="Mātes diena – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mātes diena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motinos_diena" title="Motinos diena – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Motinos diena" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Any%C3%A1k_napja" title="Anyák napja – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anyák napja" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetin%27ny_Reny" title="Fetin'ny Reny – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fetin'ny Reny" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="മാതൃദിനം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാതൃദിനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="मातृ दिन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मातृ दिन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="عيد الام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عيد الام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%81%9A%E1%80%B2%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD" title="တ္ၚဲမိ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="တ္ၚဲမိ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Ibu" title="Hari Ibu – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hari Ibu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Ibu" title="Hari Ibu – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Hari Ibu" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7" title="အမေနေ့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အမေနေ့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moederdag" title="Moederdag – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Moederdag" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moedag" title="Moedag – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Moedag" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8" title="मातृ दिवस – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मातृ दिवस" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E3%81%AE%E6%97%A5" title="母の日 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="母の日" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morsdag" title="Morsdag – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Morsdag" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morsdag" title="Morsdag – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Morsdag" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Ава кече – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Ава кече" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onalar_kuni" title="Onalar kuni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Onalar kuni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B8" title="ਮਾਂ ਦਿਵਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਾਂ ਦਿਵਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%97%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%82%8F%E1%80%99%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%EA%A9%BB" title="မွိုးဗွေႏမွူးနီꩻ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="မွိုးဗွေႏမွူးနီꩻ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia_di_Mama" title="Dia di Mama – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Dia di Mama" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%81" title="د مور ورځ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د مور ورځ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6" title="ទិវាមាតា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទិវាមាតា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudderdag" title="Mudderdag – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mudderdag" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzie%C5%84_Matki" title="Dzień Matki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dzień Matki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia_das_M%C3%A3es" title="Dia das Mães – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dia das Mães" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziua_Mamei" title="Ziua Mamei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ziua Mamei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="День матери – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="День матери" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B9%D1%8D_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D2%95%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Ийэ тыл аан дойдутааҕы күнэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ийэ тыл аан дойдутааҕы күнэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%83" title="मातृदिवसः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मातृदिवसः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%B3_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8" title="ᱟᱭᱳ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱭᱳ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dita_e_N%C3%ABn%C3%ABs" title="Dita e Nënës – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dita e Nënës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="මවුවරුන්ගේ දිනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මවුවරුන්ගේ දිනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother%27s_Day" title="Mother's Day – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mother's Day" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1%D9%8F_%D8%AC%D9%88_%DA%8F%DA%BE%D8%A7%DA%99%D9%88" title="ماءُ جو ڏھاڙو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ماءُ جو ڏھاڙو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%C5%88_matiek" title="Deň matiek – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Deň matiek" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materinski_dan" title="Materinski dan – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Materinski dan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="ڕۆژی دایک – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆژی دایک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Дан мајки – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дан мајки" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maj%C4%8Din_dan" title="Majčin dan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Majčin dan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%A9_Indung" title="Poé Indung – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Poé Indung" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84itienp%C3%A4iv%C3%A4" title="Äitienpäivä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Äitienpäivä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mors_dag" title="Mors dag – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mors dag" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="அன்னையர் நாள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அன்னையர் நாள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Әни көне – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әни көне" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%83_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="అంతర్జాతీయ మాతృ దినోత్సవం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అంతర్జాతీయ మాతృ దినోత్సవం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88" title="วันแม่ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วันแม่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D3%AF%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Рӯзи модар – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рӯзи модар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anneler_G%C3%BCn%C3%BC" title="Anneler Günü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anneler Günü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="День матері – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="День матері" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="یوم مادر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یوم مادر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%85%D9%89" title="ئانىلار بايرىمى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئانىلار بايرىمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%A0y_c%E1%BB%A7a_M%E1%BA%B9" title="Ngày của Mẹ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngày của Mẹ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Celebration honouring mothers</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mother's Day (disambiguation)">Mother's Day (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hd" style="background-color: transparent">Mother's Day</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_(1825-1905)_-_Maternal_Admiration_(1869).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg/240px-William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg/360px-William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg/480px-William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="1997" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="caption">Maternal Admiration, painted by <a href="/wiki/William-Adolphe_Bouguereau" title="William-Adolphe Bouguereau">William-Adolphe Bouguereau</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Observed by</th><td class="infobox-data">40+ countries</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Significance</th><td class="infobox-data summary">Honors mothers and motherhood</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">Varies per country</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Annual</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Related to</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Children's Day</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Siblings_Day" title="Siblings Day">Siblings Day</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day" title="Father's Day">Father's Day</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Parents%27_Day" title="Parents' Day">Parents' Day</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Grandparents%27_Day" title="Grandparents' Day">Grandparents' Day</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Mother's Day is a celebration honoring the <a href="/wiki/Mother" title="Mother">mother</a> of the family or individual, as well as <a href="/wiki/Motherhood" class="mw-redirect" title="Motherhood">motherhood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maternal_bond" title="Maternal bond">maternal bonds</a>, and the influence of mothers in society. It is celebrated on different days in many parts of the world, most commonly in March or May. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as <a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day" title="Father's Day">Father's Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siblings_Day" title="Siblings Day">Siblings Day</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Grandparents%27_Day" title="Grandparents' Day">Grandparents' Day</a>. In the 19th century in the British Isles, "<a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a>" was celebrated on the fourth Sunday in Lent. On this day, clerics and curates were encouraged to use the time at their disposal to visit their original <a href="/wiki/Mother_church" title="Mother church">mother churches</a>. While other countries also have a multi-century history of a day to celebrate mothers, the modern American version of the holiday began in the United States in the early 20th century at the initiative of <a href="/wiki/Anna_Jarvis" title="Anna Jarvis">Anna Jarvis</a>. She organized the first Mother's Day <a href="/wiki/Church_service" title="Church service">service of worship</a> and celebration at <a href="/wiki/Andrews_Methodist_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrews Methodist Church">Andrews Methodist Episcopal Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Grafton,_West_Virginia" title="Grafton, West Virginia">Grafton, West Virginia</a>, which serves as the <a href="/wiki/International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine" title="International Mother's Day Shrine">International Mother's Day Shrine</a> today.<a href="#cite_note-O'Reilly2010-1">[1]</a> It is not directly related to the many traditional celebrations of mothers and motherhood that have existed throughout the world over thousands of years, such as the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> cult to <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a>, the mother deity <a href="/wiki/Rhea_(mythology)" title="Rhea (mythology)">Rhea</a>, the Roman festival of <a href="/wiki/Hilaria" title="Hilaria">Hilaria</a>, or the other Christian ecclesiastical <a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a> celebration (associated with the image of <a href="/wiki/Mother_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother Church">Mother Church</a>).<a href="#cite_note-grold-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-tuleja-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-myers-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> However, in some countries, Mother's Day is still synonymous with these older traditions.<a href="#cite_note-bbc_a-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc_b-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-CoE-8">[8]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrea_Solario_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mother's Day" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Andrea_Solario_002.jpg/220px-Andrea_Solario_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Andrea_Solario_002.jpg/330px-Andrea_Solario_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Andrea_Solario_002.jpg/440px-Andrea_Solario_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="1893" /></a><figcaption>Mother's Day</figcaption></figure> The American version of Mother's Day has been criticized for having become too commercialized.<a href="#cite_note-why-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Jarvis herself, who began the celebration as a liturgical observance, regretted this <a href="/wiki/Commercialism" title="Commercialism">commercialism</a> and expressed that this was never her intention.<a href="#cite_note-O'Reilly2010-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> In response, <a href="/wiki/Constance_Adelaide_Smith" title="Constance Adelaide Smith">Constance Adelaide Smith</a> successfully advocated for <a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a> as a commemoration of a broader definition of motherhood in many other parts of the <a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">English-speaking world</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BL-12">[12]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Establishment_of_holiday">Establishment of holiday</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church,_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton,_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church%2C_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton%2C_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church%2C_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton%2C_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church%2C_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton%2C_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church%2C_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton%2C_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church%2C_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton%2C_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Andrews_Methodist_Episcopal_Church%2C_the_International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine._Grafton%2C_West_Virginia_LCCN2015631665.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="4390" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Andrews_Methodist_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrews Methodist Church">Andrews Methodist Episcopal Church</a>, the site of the first Mother's Day religious service in 1908, is the <a href="/wiki/International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine" title="International Mother's Day Shrine">International Mother's Day Shrine</a>.</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_(United_States)#History" title="Mother's Day (United States)">Mother's Day (United States) § History</a></div> The modern holiday was first celebrated in 1907, when <a href="/wiki/Anna_Jarvis" title="Anna Jarvis">Anna Jarvis</a> held the first Mother's Day <a href="/wiki/Church_service" title="Church service">service of worship</a> at <a href="/wiki/Andrews_Methodist_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrews Methodist Church">Andrews Methodist Episcopal Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Grafton,_West_Virginia" title="Grafton, West Virginia">Grafton, West Virginia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-O'Reilly2010-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-13">[13]</a> Andrew's Methodist Church now holds the <a href="/wiki/International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine" title="International Mother's Day Shrine">International Mother's Day Shrine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-O'Reilly2010-1">[1]</a> Her campaign to make Mother's Day a recognized holiday in the United States began in 1905, the year her mother, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Jarvis" title="Ann Jarvis">Ann Reeves Jarvis</a>, died. Ann Jarvis had been a peace activist who cared for wounded soldiers on both sides of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, and created Mother's Day Work Clubs to address public health issues. She and another peace activist and suffragist, <a href="/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe" title="Julia Ward Howe">Julia Ward Howe</a>, had been urging for the creation of a "Mother's Day For Peace" where mothers would ask that their husbands and sons were no longer killed in wars. Forty years before it became an official holiday, Ward Howe had made her <a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_Proclamation" title="Mother's Day Proclamation">Mother's Day Proclamation</a> in 1870, which called upon mothers of all nationalities to band together to promote the "amicable settlement of international questions, the great and general interests of peace."<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Anna Jarvis wanted to honor this and to set aside a day to honor all mothers because she believed a mother is "the person who has done more for you than anyone in the world".<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In 1908, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress">U.S. Congress</a> rejected a proposal to make Mother's Day an official holiday, joking that they would also have to proclaim a "Mother-in-law's Day".<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> However, owing to the efforts of Anna Jarvis, by 1911 all U.S. states observed the holiday,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> with some of them officially recognizing Mother's Day as a local holiday<a href="#cite_note-RiceTedesco2015-18">[18]</a> (the first being West Virginia, Jarvis's home state, in 1910). In 1914, Woodrow Wilson signed a proclamation designating Mother's Day, held on the second Sunday in May, as a national holiday to honor mothers.<a href="#cite_note-deseret-19">[19]</a> Although Jarvis, who started Mother's Day as a liturgical service, was successful in founding the celebration, she became resentful of the commercialization of the holiday, and it became associated with the phrase "<a href="/wiki/Hallmark_holiday" title="Hallmark holiday">Hallmark holiday</a>". By the early 1920s, <a href="/wiki/Hallmark_Cards" title="Hallmark Cards">Hallmark Cards</a> and other companies had started selling Mother's Day cards. Jarvis believed that the companies had misinterpreted and exploited the idea of Mother's Day, and that the emphasis of the holiday was on sentiment, not profit. As a result, she organized boycotts of Mother's Day and threatened to issue <a href="/wiki/Lawsuits" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawsuits">lawsuits</a> against the companies involved.<a href="#cite_note-kansas2014-20">[20]</a> Jarvis argued that people should appreciate and honor their mothers through handwritten letters expressing their love and gratitude, instead of buying gifts and pre-made cards.<a href="#cite_note-deseret-19">[19]</a> Jarvis protested at a candy makers' convention in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> in 1923, and at a meeting of <a href="/wiki/American_War_Mothers" title="American War Mothers">American War Mothers</a> in 1925. By this time, <a href="/wiki/Carnation" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnation">carnations</a> had become associated with Mother's Day, and the selling of carnations by the American War Mothers to raise money angered Jarvis, who was arrested for <a href="/wiki/Breach_of_the_peace" title="Breach of the peace">disturbing the peace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deseret-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-kansas2014-20">[20]</a> In Britain, Constance Adelaide Smith was inspired to advocate for <a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a>, an already-existing Christian ecclesiastical celebration in which the faithful visit the church in which they received the <a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">sacrament</a> of <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptism</a>, as an equivalent celebration.<a href="#cite_note-Diller1990-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-PearsonSzoke2009-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Smith1921-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Smith1926-24">[24]</a> She referred to <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> traditions of celebrating <a href="/wiki/Mother_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother Church">Mother Church</a>, 'mothers of earthly homes', <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, mother of Jesus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mother_Nature" title="Mother Nature">Mother Nature</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Smith1921-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-BL-12">[12]</a> Her efforts were successful in the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a> and other parts of the English-speaking world.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spelling">Spelling</h2></div> In 1912, Anna Jarvis trademarked the phrase "Second Sunday in May, Mother's Day, Anna Jarvis, Founder", and created the Mother's Day International Association.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> She specifically noted that "Mother's" should "be a singular possessive, for each family to honor its own mother, not a plural possessive commemorating all mothers in the world."<a href="#cite_note-vancouversun-27">[27]</a> This is also the spelling used by U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> in his 1914 presidential proclamation, by the U.S. Congress in relevant bills,<a href="#cite_note-vote274-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-vote275-29">[29]</a> and by various U.S. presidents in their proclamations concerning Mother's Day.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dates_around_the_world">Dates around the world</h2></div> While the United States holiday was adopted by some other countries, existing celebrations, held on different dates, honoring motherhood have become described as "Mother's Day", such as <a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a> in the United Kingdom<a href="#cite_note-bbc-31">[31]</a> or, in Greece, the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> celebration of the presentation of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a> to the temple (2 February of <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian Calendar</a>). Both the secular and religious Mother Day are present in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Mothering Sunday is often referred to as "Mother's Day" even though it is an unrelated celebration.<a href="#cite_note-bbc-31">[31]</a> In some countries, the date adopted is one significant to the majority religion, such as <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a> Day in Catholic countries. Other countries selected a date with historical significance. For example, Bolivia's Mother's Day is a fixed date, commemorating a battle in which women participated to defend their children.<a href="#cite_note-bolivia-33">[33]</a> Some countries, such as <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, celebrate <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a> instead of Mother's Day<a href="#cite_note-saunders-34">[34]</a> or simply celebrate both holidays, which is the custom in Ukraine. Kyrgyzstan has recently introduced Mother's Day, but "year on year <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a> is certainly increasing in status".<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:18%;">Occurrence </th> <th style="width:18%;">Dates </th> <th style="width:64%;">Country </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Second Sunday of February </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px;"> 12 February 2023 11 February 2024 9 February 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 3 March </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><a href="#cite_note-georgia-36">[36]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 8 March (with <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a>) </td> <td> </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/21px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/32px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/42px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/23px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/35px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Laos.svg/45px-Flag_of_Laos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a><a href="#cite_note-vietnam-37">[37]</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> <a href="/wiki/Laetare_Sunday" title="Laetare Sunday">Fourth Sunday</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a>) </td> <td valign="top"> 19 March 2023 10 March 2024 30 March 2025 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a><a href="#cite_note-telegraph1-38">[38]</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 21 March (Spring <a href="/wiki/Equinox" title="Equinox">equinox</a>) </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/45px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-lebanonpalestine-41">[41]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-lebanonpalestine-41">[41]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a><a href="#cite_note-march21-39">[39]</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 25 March </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 7 April (<a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a> day) </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Motherhood_and_Beauty_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Motherhood and Beauty Day">Motherhood and Beauty Day</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> First Sunday of May </td> <td valign="top"> 7 May 2023 5 May 2024 4 May 2025 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a><a href="#cite_note-romania-43">[43]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 8 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:150px;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Parents%27_Day" title="Parents' Day">Parents' Day</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 10 May </td> <td> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /> <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Second Sunday of May </td> <td valign="top"> 14 May 2023 12 May 2024 11 May 2025 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/23px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/35px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/46px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Aruba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Aruba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Aruba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Aruba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Aruba.svg/45px-Flag_of_Aruba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Flag_of_Bhutan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bhutan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_Bonaire.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bonaire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_Bonaire.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bonaire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_Bonaire.svg/45px-Flag_of_Bonaire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, 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decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo, Dem. Rep.</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Congo, Rep.</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Cote d'Ivoire</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cura%C3%A7ao.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a><a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg/45px-Flag_of_Equatorial_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/23px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/35px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/46px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liechtenstein.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/45px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/46px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a><a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/23px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/35px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Flag_of_Suriname.svg/45px-Flag_of_Suriname.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" />  <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a><a href="#cite_note-vietnam-37">[37]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 14 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 15 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Paraguay.svg/46px-Flag_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="660" /> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> (same day as Día de la Patria)<a href="#cite_note-paraguay1-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 19 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: День матери, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_language" title="Kyrgyz language">Kyrgyz</a>: Энэ күнү) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 26 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: Dzień Matki) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 27 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/34px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Bolivia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bolivia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a><a href="#cite_note-bolivia-33">[33]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Last Sunday of May </td> <td valign="top"> 28 May 2023 26 May 2024 25 May 2025 </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Last Sunday of May, or first Sunday of June if the last Sunday of May is <a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a> </td> <td valign="top"> 4 June 2023 26 May 2024 25 May 2025 </td> <td> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a><a href="#cite_note-telegraph1-38">[38]</a> <a href="/wiki/French_Antilles" class="mw-redirect" title="French Antilles">French Antilles</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 30 May </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a><a href="#cite_note-nicaragua-52">[52]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 1 June </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> (together with <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Children's Day</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Second Sunday of June </td> <td valign="top"> 11 June 2023 9 June 2024 8 June 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 June </td> <td> </td> <td> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> First Monday of July </td> <td valign="top"> 3 July 2023 1 July 2024 7 July 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 12 August </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> (birthday of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Sirikit" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Sirikit">Queen Sirikit</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 15 August (<a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption of Mary</a>) </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Antwerp.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antwerp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Antwerp_Province" title="Antwerp Province">Antwerp</a> (Belgium) <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Costa_Rica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Third Sunday of September </td> <td>17 September 2023 15 September 2024 21 September 2025 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 14 October </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> (since 1996<a href="#cite_note-belarusgov-53">[53]</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 15 October, or following work day </td> <td> 16 October 2023 15 October 2024 15 October 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 October </td> <td> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (Vietnamese Women's Day) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Third Sunday of October </td> <td valign="top"> 15 October 2023 20 October 2024 19 October 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> (Día de la Madre)<a href="#cite_note-argentina-54">[54]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 3 November </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">Timor Leste</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 16 November </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a><a href="#cite_note-LeeSangYong2014-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> Last Sunday of November </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 8 December (<a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Feast of the Immaculate Conception">Feast of the Immaculate Conception</a>) </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a><a href="#cite_note-panama-56">[56]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> 22 December </td> <td> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><a href="#cite_note-indonesia-57">[57]</a> (Hari Ibu) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Occurrence </th> <th>Equivalent <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian dates</a> </th> <th>Country </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">30 <a href="/wiki/Shevat" title="Shevat">Shevat</a> </td> <td>Between 30 January and 1 March 21 February 2023 9 February 2024 28 February 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a><a href="#cite_note-israel-58">[58]</a> (Family Day) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Occurrence </th> <th>Equivalent <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian dates</a> </th> <th>Country </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"> <a href="/wiki/Vaisakha" title="Vaisakha">Vaisakha</a><a href="#cite_note-nprmay2016-59">[59]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amavasya" title="Amavasya">Amavasya</a> (Mata Tirtha Aunsi<a href="#cite_note-nepalname-60">[60]</a>) </td> <td>Between 19 April and 19 May </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Occurrence </th> <th>Equivalent <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian dates</a> </th> <th>Country </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">20 <a href="/wiki/Jumada_al-Thani" title="Jumada al-Thani">Jumada al-Thani</a> </td> <td>13 January 2023 2 January 2024 22 December 2024 11 December 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a><a href="#cite_note-debano-61">[61]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_calendar" title="Vietnamese calendar">Vietnamese calendar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Occurrence </th> <th>Equivalent <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian dates</a> </th> <th>Country </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top">15th day of seventh month </td> <td>Between 6 August and 6 September 30 August 2023 18 August 2024 6 September 2025 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ghost_Festival" title="Ghost Festival">Vu-lan Báo Hiếu</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_history_and_tradition">International history and tradition</h2></div> <style 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.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mother%27s_Day" title="Special:EditPage/Mother's Day">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2016) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv/220px-seek%3D47-Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="180" data-durationhint="74" data-mwtitle="Moederdag_(1925).ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Moederdag_(1925).ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="352" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="352" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="176" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv/Moederdag_%281925%29.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="294" data-height="240" /></video><figcaption>Mother's Day in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> in 1925</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG/220px-Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG/330px-Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG/440px-Northern_Pacific_Railway_Mother%27s_Day_postcard_1916.JPG 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="807" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Northern_Pacific_Railway" title="Northern Pacific Railway">Northern Pacific Railway</a> postcard for Mother's Day 1916.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mother%27s_Day.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Mother%27s_Day.jpg/220px-Mother%27s_Day.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Mother%27s_Day.jpg/330px-Mother%27s_Day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Mother%27s_Day.jpg/440px-Mother%27s_Day.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3296" data-file-height="2472" /></a><figcaption>Mother's Day gift in 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mother%27s_day_card.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mother%27s_day_card.jpg/220px-Mother%27s_day_card.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mother%27s_day_card.jpg/330px-Mother%27s_day_card.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Mother%27s_day_card.jpg/440px-Mother%27s_day_card.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1279" data-file-height="851" /></a><figcaption>Mother and daughter and Mother's Day card</figcaption></figure> In most countries, Mother's Day is an observance derived from the holiday as it has evolved in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, promoted by companies who saw benefit in making it popular.<a href="#cite_note-why-9">[9]</a> As adopted by other countries and cultures, the holiday has different meanings, is associated with different events (religious, historical or legendary), and is celebrated on different dates. In some cases, countries already had existing celebrations honoring motherhood, and their celebrations then adopted several external characteristics from the US holiday, such as giving carnations and other presents to one's mother. The extent of the celebrations varies greatly. In some countries, it is potentially offensive to one's mother not to mark Mother's Day. In others, it is a little-known festival celebrated mainly by immigrants, or covered by the media as a taste of foreign culture.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> In certain traditional branches of <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, the holiday is strongly associated with revering the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In some Catholic, Lutheran and Anglican homes, families have a special shrine on their <a href="/wiki/Home_altar" title="Home altar">home altar</a> devoted to the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary">Blessed Virgin Mary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In many Eastern Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches, a special prayer service is held in honor of the <a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a> Virgin Mary.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> there is no concept of Mother's Day, but the Quran teaches that children should give priority to loving their mother over their father.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> tradition, Mother's Day is called "<a href="/wiki/Matatirtha_Aunsi" title="Matatirtha Aunsi">Mata Tirtha Aunshi</a>" or "Mother Pilgrimage fortnight", and is celebrated in countries with a Hindu population, especially in Nepal, where mothers are honored with special foods. The holiday is observed on the new moon day in the month of <a href="/wiki/Baisakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Baisakh">Baisakh</a>, i.e., April/May. This celebration is based on the Hindu religion and it pre-dates the creation of the US-inspired celebration by at least a few centuries.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, the festival of <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Festival" title="Ghost Festival">Ullambana</a> is derived from the story of <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Festival#Maudgaly.C4.81yana_and_his_mother" title="Ghost Festival">Maudgalyayana and his mother</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Teiser114-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="By_country">By country</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Albania">Albania</h4></div> In Albania, as in a number of Balkan and Eastern European countries, Mother's Day is celebrated on 8 March, in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arab_world">Arab world</h4></div> Mother's Day in most Arab countries is celebrated on 21 March. It was introduced in Egypt by journalist <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Amin" title="Mustafa Amin">Mustafa Amin</a><a href="#cite_note-jehl-70">[70]</a> and was first celebrated in 1956.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The practice has since been adopted by other Arab countries.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Argentina">Argentina</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the third Sunday of October. The holiday was originally celebrated on 11 October, the old liturgical date for the celebration of the <a href="/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary,_Mother_of_God" title="Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God">Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary</a> but after the <a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a>, which moved the Virgin Mary festivity to 1 January, the Mother's Day started to be celebrated the third Sunday of October because of popular tradition.<a href="#cite_note-argentina-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> is the only country in the world that celebrates Mother's Day on this date.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Armenia">Armenia</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 8 March, and on 7 April as <a href="/wiki/Motherhood_and_Beauty_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Motherhood and Beauty Day">Maternity and Beauty Day</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australia">Australia</h4></div> In Australia, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. Australia celebrated Mother’s Day for the first time in 1910 with special church services, however, it was not popularly observed until the 1920s.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Because it is autumn in Australia for Mother’s Day, and carnations are a spring flower, white chrysanthemums are the traditional Mother’s Day flower in Australia.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h4></div> There is no historical tradition of celebrating Mother's Day in Bangladesh (<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bangla</a>: মা/আম্মু দিবস, Ma/ammu dibosh), and it has become popular in the country due to western influences. It is celebrated on the second Sunday of May and is not a <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Bangladesh" title="Public holidays in Bangladesh">public holiday</a>. Mother's Day was not very popular and in recent times it has been spread more widely by the <a href="/wiki/Millennials" title="Millennials">Millennial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Generation_Z" title="Generation Z">Generation Z</a> communities across the country through <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a>. Although many religious families do not celebrate it, it is more widespread than ever before. There is a popular phrase used by many parents, including mothers, which is "Every day is Father's/Mother's Day so you will love your parents every day." Most people just wish or pray for their mother, but many from <a href="/wiki/Cities_in_bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities in bangladesh">big cities</a> like <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chittagong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khulna" title="Khulna">Khulna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sylhet" title="Sylhet">Sylhet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barisal" title="Barisal">Barishal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Narayanganj" title="Narayanganj">Narayangonj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bogra" title="Bogra">Bogura</a> etc. go to restaurants to celebrate, many also cut cakes. Many others cut cakes at home or <a href="/wiki/Online_food_ordering" title="Online food ordering">order meals online</a>. Some children may give small gifts to their mothers. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Belarus">Belarus</h4></div> Belarus celebrates Mother's Day on 14 October. Like other ex-Communist republics, Belarus used to celebrate only International Women's Day on 8 March. Mother's Day in Belarus was officially established by the Belarusian government, and it was celebrated for the first time in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-belarusgov-53">[53]</a> The celebration of the Virgin Mary (the holiday of Protection of the Holy Mother of God) is celebrated on the same day.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bhutan">Bhutan</h4></div> Mother's Day in <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> is celebrated on 8 May. It was introduced in Bhutan by the Tourism Council of Bhutan.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Belgium">Belgium</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, Mother's Day (Moederdag or Moederkesdag in <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> and Fête des Mères in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>) is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. In the week before this holiday children make little presents at primary school, which they give to their mothers in the early morning of Mother's Day. Typically, the father will buy <a href="/wiki/Croissant" title="Croissant">croissants</a> and other sweet breads and pastries and bring these to the mother while she is still in bed – the beginning of a day of pampering for the mother. There are also many people who celebrate Mother's Day on 15 August instead; these are mostly people around <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, who consider that day (<a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a>) the classical Mother's Day and the observance in May an invention for commercial reasons. It was originally established on that day as the result of a campaign by <a href="/wiki/Frans_Van_Kuyck" title="Frans Van Kuyck">Frans Van Kuyck</a>, a painter and Alderman from Antwerp.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bolivia">Bolivia</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 27 May. El Día de la Madre Boliviana was passed into law on 8 November 1927, during the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Hernando_Siles_Reyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hernando Siles Reyes">Hernando Siles Reyes</a>. The date commemorates the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_La_Coronilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of La Coronilla (page does not exist)">Battle of La Coronilla</a>, which took place on 27 May 1812, during the <a href="/wiki/Bolivian_War_of_Independence" title="Bolivian War of Independence">Bolivian War of Independence</a>, in what is now the city of <a href="/wiki/Cochabamba" title="Cochabamba">Cochabamba</a>. In this battle, women fighting for the country's independence were slaughtered by the Spanish army. It is not a public holiday, but all schools hold activities and festivities throughout the day.<a href="#cite_note-bolivia-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Brazil">Brazil</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. The first Mother's Day in Brazil was promoted by Associação Cristã de Moços de <a href="/wiki/Porto_Alegre" title="Porto Alegre">Porto Alegre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Young_Men%27s_Christian_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Young Men's Christian Association">Young Men's Christian Association</a> of Porto Alegre) on 12 May 1918. In 1932, then President <a href="/wiki/Get%C3%BAlio_Vargas" title="Getúlio Vargas">Getúlio Vargas</a> made the second Sunday of May the official date for Mother's Day. In 1947, Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Jaime_de_Barros_C%C3%A2mara" title="Jaime de Barros Câmara">Jaime de Barros Câmara</a>, Cardinal-Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro, decided that this holiday would also be included in the official calendar of the Catholic Church.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Mother's Day is not an official holiday (see <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Brazil" title="Public holidays in Brazil">Public holidays in Brazil</a>), but it is widely observed and typically involves spending time with and giving gifts to one's mother. Because of this, it is considered one of the celebrations most related to <a href="/wiki/Consumerism" title="Consumerism">consumerism</a> in the country, second only to <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas Day">Christmas Day</a> as the most commercially lucrative holiday.<a href="#cite_note-brazil_shopping-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Canada">Canada</h4></div> <dl><dd>See also <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Canada#Other_observances" title="Public holidays in Canada">Other observances</a> in Canada</dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg/220px-Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg/330px-Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg/440px-Mother%27s_Day_cake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1127" data-file-height="1127" /></a><figcaption>Mother's Day cookie cake</figcaption></figure> Mother's Day in Canada is celebrated on the second Sunday in May (it is not a public holiday or bank holiday), and typically involves small celebrations and gift-giving to one's mother, grandmother, or other important female figures in one's family.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Celebratory practices are very similar to those of other western nations. A Québécois tradition is for Québécois men to offer roses or other flowers to the women.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="China">China</h4></div> Mother's Day is becoming more popular in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. Carnations are a very popular Mother's Day gift and the most sold flowers in relation to the day.<a href="#cite_note-china_popular-82">[82]</a> In 1997 Mother's Day was set as the day to help poor mothers and to remind people of the poor mothers in rural areas such as China's western region.<a href="#cite_note-china_popular-82">[82]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a>, the Chinese government's official newspaper, an article explained that "despite originating in the United States, people in China accept the holiday without hesitation because it is in line with the country's traditional ethics – respect for the elderly and filial piety towards parents."<a href="#cite_note-china_popular-82">[82]</a> In recent years, the Communist Party member Li Hanqiu began to advocate for the official adoption of Mother's Day in memory of Meng Mu, the mother of <a href="/wiki/Mencius" title="Mencius">Mèng Zǐ</a>. He formed a non-governmental organization called Chinese Mothers' Festival Promotion Society, with the support of 100 Confucian scholars and lecturers of ethics.<a href="#cite_note-allchina-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-china-84">[84]</a> Li and the Society want to replace the Western-style gift of carnations with <a href="/wiki/Lilium" title="Lilium">lilies</a>, which, in ancient times, were planted by Chinese mothers when children left home.<a href="#cite_note-china-84">[84]</a> Mother's Day remains an unofficial festival, except in a small number of cities.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Costa_Rica">Costa Rica</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 15 August. In 1927, at the Nicolás Ulloa School in Heredia, Evangelina Solís founded an annual event that would celebrate the mothers of the students. It was held around the time of the distribution of midterm notes, in July. Evangelina's reasoning was that mothers should be congratulated for their children's successes.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The event gained national traction and was enacted into law in 1932. The final date of 15 August was chosen as it coincided with the celebration of <a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption of Mary</a>, mother of Jesus.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Czech_Republic">Czech Republic</h4></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated every second Sunday in May. It started in former Czechoslovakia in 1923.<a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a> The promoter of this celebration was <a href="/wiki/Alice_Masarykov%C3%A1" title="Alice Masaryková">Alice Masaryková</a>.<a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a> After World War II communists replaced Mother's Day with International Woman's Day, celebrated on 8 March.<a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a> The former Czechoslovakia celebrated Women's Day until the <a href="/wiki/Velvet_Revolution" title="Velvet Revolution">Velvet Revolution</a> in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a> After the split of the country in 1993, the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> started celebrating Mother's Day again.<a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Egypt">Egypt</h4></div> Mother's Day in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> is celebrated on 21 March, the first day of spring in the northern hemisphere. It was introduced in Egypt by journalist <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Amin" title="Mustafa Amin">Mustafa Amin</a><a href="#cite_note-jehl-70">[70]</a> in his book Smiling America (1943). The idea was overlooked at the time. Later Amin heard the story of a widowed mother who devoted her whole life to raising her son until he became a doctor. The son then married and left without showing any gratitude to his mother. Hearing this, Amin became motivated to promote "Mother's Day". The idea was first ridiculed by president <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> but he eventually accepted it and Mother's Day was first celebrated on 21 March 1956. The practice has since been copied by other Arab countries.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> When Mustafa Amin was arrested and imprisoned, the government changed the name of the holiday from "Mother's Day" to "Family Day", but they reverted the name after Egyptian mothers wrote to complain. Celebrations continued to be held on the same date <a href="#cite_note-Al_Arabiya_English_2018_d908-89">[89]</a> and classic songs celebrating mothers remain famous to this day.<a href="#cite_note-Dailynewsegypt_2021_p979-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</h4></div> Mother's Day is celebrated for three days in <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, after the end of the rainy season. It comes in mid-fall where people enjoy a three-day feast called "Antrosht".<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> For the feast, ingredients will be brought by the children for a traditional hash recipe. The ingredients are divided along genders, with girls bringing spices, vegetables, cheese and butter, while the boys bring a lamb or bull. The mother hands out the hash to the family.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> A celebration takes place after the meal. The mothers and daughters anoint themselves using butter on their faces and chests. While honoring their family and heroes, men sing songs.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Estonia">Estonia</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, Mother's Day (emadepäev in <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>) is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is recognized nationally, but is not a public holiday.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Finland">Finland</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, Mother's Day (äitienpäivä in <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>) is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is recognized nationally and is a public holiday. It is usually celebrated at homes where children or grandchildren bring Mother's day cards that they have drawn to their mothers and grandmothers. Usually, some food, coffee and cakes are served for guests. Grown up children visit their parents' homes and bring traditionally Mother's day roses or other flowers accompanied by a Mother's day card. The president of Finland honors with medals every year some mothers who have done something exceptional and positive during the year.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="France">France</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, amidst alarm at the low birth rate, there were attempts in 1896 and 1904 to create a national celebration honoring the mothers of large families.<a href="#cite_note-UFE-96">[96]</a> In 1906 ten mothers who had nine children each were given an award recognising "High Maternal Merit" ("Haut mérite maternel").<a href="#cite_note-Artas-97">[97]</a> American World War I soldiers fighting in France popularized the US Mother's Day holiday created by Anna Jarvis. They sent so much mail back to their country for Mother's Day that the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Union_Franco-Am%C3%A9ricaine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Union Franco-Américaine (page does not exist)">Union Franco-Américaine</a> created a postal card for that purpose.<a href="#cite_note-UFE-96">[96]</a> In 1918, also inspired by Jarvis, the town of Lyon wanted to celebrate a "journée des Mères", but instead decided to celebrate a "Journée Nationale des Mères de familles nombreuses." The holiday was more inspired by anti-depopulation efforts than by the US holiday, with medals awarded to the mothers of large families.<a href="#cite_note-UFE-96">[96]</a> The French government made the day official in 1920 as a day for mothers of large families.<a href="#cite_note-capdevila-98">[98]</a> Since then the French government awards the <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Famille_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Médaille de la Famille française">Médaille de la Famille française</a> to mothers of large families.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> In 1941, by an initiative of <a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a>, the wartime <a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy</a> government used the celebration in support of their policy to encourage larger families, but all mothers were now honored, even mothers with smaller families.<a href="#cite_note-capdevila-98">[98]</a> In 1950, after the war, the celebration was reinstated. The law of 24 May 1950 required (in Article 1) that the Republic pay official homage to French Mothers. Article 2 stated it should be celebrated on the last Sunday in May as the "Fête des Mères" (except when Pentecost fell on that day, in which case it was moved to the first Sunday in June). Article 3 stated that all expenditure shall be covered from the budget of the Ministry of Public Health and Population.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> During the 1950s, the celebration lost all its patriotic and natalist ideologies, and became heavily commercialized.<a href="#cite_note-UFE-96">[96]</a> In 1956, the celebration was given a budget and integrated into the new <a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_de_l%27action_Sociale_et_des_familles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Code de l'action Sociale et des familles (page does not exist)">Code de l'action Sociale et des familles</a>. In 2004 responsibility for the holiday was transferred to the Minister responsible for families.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Georgia">Georgia</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> celebrates Mother's Day on 3 March. It was declared by the first President of Georgia <a href="/wiki/Zviad_Gamsakhurdia" title="Zviad Gamsakhurdia">Zviad Gamsakhurdia</a> in order to replace the International Women Day, and it was officially approved by the Supreme Council in 1991. Nowadays Georgia celebrates both Mother's Day on 3 March and International Women's Day on 8 March.<a href="#cite_note-georgia-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Germany">Germany</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg/220px-Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg/330px-Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg/440px-Herztorte_zum_Muttertag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>Mother's Day cake in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></figcaption></figure> In the 1920s, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> had the lowest birthrate in Europe, and the declining trend was continuing. This was attributed to women's participation in the labor market. At the same time, influential groups in society (politicians of left and right, churchwomen, and feminists) believed that mothers should be honored but could not agree on how to do so. However, all groups strongly agreed on the promotion of the values of motherhood. In 1923, this resulted in the unanimous adoption of Muttertag, the Mother's Day holiday as imported from America.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> The head of the Association of German Florists cited "the inner conflict of our <a href="/wiki/Volk" title="Volk">Volk</a> and the loosening of the family" as his reason for introducing the holiday. He expected that the holiday would unite the divided country. In 1925, the Mother's Day Committee joined the task force for the recovery of the volk, and the holiday stopped depending on commercial interests and began emphasizing the need to increase the population in Germany by promoting motherhood.<a href="#cite_note-mouton-102">[102]</a> The holiday was then seen as a means to encourage women to bear more children, which nationalists saw as a way to rejuvenate the nation. The holiday did not celebrate individual women, but an idealized standard of motherhood. The progressive forces resisted the implementation of the holiday because it was backed by so many conservatives and because they saw it as a way to eliminate the rights of working women. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Die_Frau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Die Frau (page does not exist)">Die Frau</a>, the newspaper of the Federation of German Women's Associations, refused to recognize the holiday. Many local authorities adopted their own interpretation of the holiday: it would be a day to support economically larger families or single-mother families. The guidelines for the subsidies had <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenics</a> criteria, but there is no indication that social workers ever implemented them in practice, and subsidies were given preferentially to families in economic need rather than to families with more children or "healthier" children.<a href="#cite_note-mouton-102">[102]</a> With the Nazi party in power during 1933–1945, the situation changed radically. The promotion of Mother's Day increased in many European countries, including the UK and France. From the position of the German Nazi government, the role of mothers was to give healthy children to the German nation. The Nazi party's intention was to create a pure "Aryan race" according to <a href="/wiki/Nazi_eugenics" title="Nazi eugenics">nazi eugenics</a>. Among other Mother's Day ideas, the government promoted the death of a mother's sons in battle as the highest embodiment of patriotic motherhood.<a href="#cite_note-mouton-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-taylor-103">[103]</a> The Nazis quickly declared Mother's Day an official holiday and put it under the control of the NSV (<a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Socialist_People%27s_Welfare_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Socialist People's Welfare Association (page does not exist)">National Socialist People's Welfare Association</a>) and the NSF (<a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Socialist_Women_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Socialist Women Organization (page does not exist)">National Socialist Women Organization</a>). This created conflicts with other organizations that resented Nazi control of the holiday, including Catholic and Protestant churches and local women's organizations. Local authorities resisted the guidelines from the Nazi government and continued assigning resources to families who were in economic need, much to the dismay of the Nazi officials.<a href="#cite_note-mouton-102">[102]</a> In 1938, the government began issuing an award called <a href="/wiki/Cross_of_Honor_of_the_German_Mother" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of Honor of the German Mother">Mother's Cross</a> (Mutterkreuz), according to categories that depended on the number of children a mother had. The medal was awarded on Mother's Day and also on other holidays due to a large number of recipients. The Cross was an effort to encourage women to have more children, and recipients were required to have at least four.<a href="#cite_note-mouton-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-taylor-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hungary">Hungary</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of May.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> It was first celebrated in 1925<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> by the Hungarian <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_Youth" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross Youth">Red Cross Youth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="India">India</h4></div> The modern Mother's Day has been assimilated into <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> culture<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> and is celebrated every year on the second Sunday of May.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Indians do not celebrate the occasion as a religious event; its celebration is mostly restricted to urban areas where the occasion has been largely commercialized.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indonesia">Indonesia</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> Mother's Day (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: Hari Ibu) is celebrated nationally on 22 December. The date was made an official holiday by President <a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> under Presidential Decree No. 316/1953, on the 25th anniversary of the 1928 Indonesian Women Congress. The day originally sought to celebrate the spirit of Indonesian women and to improve the condition of the nation. Today, the meaning of Mother's Day has changed, and it is celebrated by expressing love and gratitude to mothers. People present gifts to mothers (such as flowers) and hold surprise parties and competitions, which include cooking and <a href="/wiki/Kebaya" title="Kebaya">kebaya</a> wearing. People also allow mothers a day off from domestic chores.<a href="#cite_note-wardhani-111">[111]</a> The holiday is celebrated on the anniversary of the opening day of the first Indonesian Women Congress (Kongres Perempuan Indonesia), which was held from 22 to 25 December 1928.<a href="#cite_note-indonesia-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-bulbeck-112">[112]</a> The Congress took place in a building called Dalem Jayadipuran, which now serves as the office of the Center of History and Traditional Values Preservation (Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional) in Brigjen Katamso Street, <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a>. The Congress was attended by 30 feminist organizations from 12 cities in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>. In Indonesia, feminist organizations have existed since 1912, inspired by Indonesian heroines of the 19th century, e.g., <a href="/wiki/Kartini" title="Kartini">Kartini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martha_Christina_Tiahahu" title="Martha Christina Tiahahu">Martha Christina Tiahahu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cut_Nyak_Meutia" title="Cut Nyak Meutia">Cut Nyak Meutia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Walanda_Maramis" title="Maria Walanda Maramis">Maria Walanda Maramis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dewi_Sartika" title="Dewi Sartika">Dewi Sartika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nyai_Ahmad_Dahlan" title="Nyai Ahmad Dahlan">Nyai Ahmad Dahlan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rasuna_Said" title="Rasuna Said">Rasuna Said</a>, etc.<a href="#cite_note-indonesia-57">[57]</a> The Congress intended to improve women's rights in education and marriage.<a href="#cite_note-robinson-113">[113]</a> Indonesia also celebrates the <a href="/wiki/Kartini_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartini Day">Kartini Day</a> (Hari Kartini) on 21 April, in memory of activist <a href="/wiki/Raden_Ajeng_Kartini" class="mw-redirect" title="Raden Ajeng Kartini">Raden Ajeng Kartini</a>. This is a celebration of the emancipation of women.<a href="#cite_note-bulbeck-112">[112]</a> The observance was instituted at the 1938 Indonesian Women Congress.<a href="#cite_note-robinson-113">[113]</a> During President <a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a>'s <a href="/wiki/New_Order_(Indonesia)" title="New Order (Indonesia)">New Order</a> (1965–1998), government propaganda used Mother's Day and Kartini Day to inculcate into women the idea that they should be docile and stay at home.<a href="#cite_note-robinson-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iran">Iran</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg/220px-Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg/330px-Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg/440px-Commemorative_gold_medal_issued_in_the_Pahlavi_era_on_the_occasion_of_Mother%27s_Day.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="395" /></a><figcaption>Commemorative gold medal issued in the <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_dynasty" title="Pahlavi dynasty">Pahlavi</a> era on the occasion of Mother's Day, dated 1975. Obv: Bust of Empress <a href="/wiki/Farah_Pahlavi" title="Farah Pahlavi">Farah Pahlavi</a>. Rev: Mother and children standing around a seated Farah Pahlavi, holding open book</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 20 <a href="/wiki/Jumada_al-thani" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumada al-thani">Jumada al-thani</a>. This is the sixth month in the Islamic calendar (a lunar calendar) and every year the holiday falls on a different day of the Gregorian calendar. This is the birthday anniversary of <a href="/wiki/Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimah">Fatimah</a>, the Islamic prophet <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>'s only daughter according to <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia Islam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-debano-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-iranpresident-114">[114]</a> On this day, banners reading "Ya Fatemeah (O! Fatemeh)" are displayed on "government buildings, private buildings, public streets and car windows."<a href="#cite_note-debano-61">[61]</a> Mother's Day was originally observed on 16 December but the date was changed after the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</a> in 1979. The celebration is both Women's Day (replacing International Women's Day) and Mother's Day.<a href="#cite_note-debano-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-haeri1-115">[115]</a> In 1960, the Institute for Women Protection adopted the Western holiday and established it on 25 <a href="/wiki/Solar_Hijri_calendar" title="Solar Hijri calendar">Azar</a> (16 December), the date the Institute was founded. The Institute's action had the support of Empress <a href="/wiki/Farah_Pahlavi" title="Farah Pahlavi">Farah Pahlavi</a>, the wife of the last Shah of Persia, who promoted the construction of maternity clinics in remote parts of the country to commemorate the day.<a href="#cite_note-Sabet-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Pahlavi regime">Pahlavi regime</a> used the holiday to promote "gender ideologies" of the regime.<a href="#cite_note-debano-61">[61]</a> The Shah's government honored and gave awards to women who represented the idealized view of the regime, including mothers who had many healthy children.<a href="#cite_note-Sabet-116">[116]</a> According to Shahla Haeri, the Islamic Republic government has used the holiday to "control and channel women's movements" and to promote role models for the traditional concept of family.<a href="#cite_note-haeri2-117">[117]</a> Fatimah is seen by these critics as the chosen model of a woman completely dedicated to certain traditionally sanctioned feminine roles.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> However, supporters of the choice contend that there is much more to her life story than simply such "traditional" roles.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ireland">Ireland</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the fourth Sunday of <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a>, as in the United Kingdom, and has the same roots in <a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a>. The practice died out in Ireland around the late 18th century but was revived around the 1950s due to <a href="/wiki/Americanisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Americanisation">Americanisation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Israel">Israel</h4></div> The Jewish population of Israel used to celebrate Mother's Day on <a href="/wiki/Shevat" title="Shevat">Shevat</a> 30 of the Jewish calendar, which falls between 30 January and 1 March. The celebration was set as the same date that <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Szold" title="Henrietta Szold">Henrietta Szold</a> died (13 February 1945). Henrietta had no biological children, but her organization <a href="/wiki/Youth_Aliyah" title="Youth Aliyah">Youth Aliyah</a> rescued many Jewish children from Nazi Germany and provided for them. She also championed children's rights. Szold is considered the "mother" of all those children, and that is why her annual remembrance day (יום השנה) was set as Mother's Day (יוֹם הָאֵם, yom ha'em). The holiday has evolved over time, becoming a celebration of mutual love inside the family, called Family Day (יוֹם הַמִשְּפָּחָה, yom hamishpacha). This holiday is mainly celebrated in preschools with an activity to which parents are invited. Mother's Day is mainly celebrated by children at kindergartens. There are no longer mutual gifts among members of the family, and there is no longer any commercialization of the celebration. It is not an official holiday.<a href="#cite_note-israel-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Italy">Italy</h4></div> Mother's Day in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> was celebrated for the first time on 24 December 1933 as the "Day of the mother and the child" (Giornata della madre e del fanciullo). It was instituted by the <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/ONMI" class="extiw" title="it:ONMI">Opera nazionale maternità e infanzia</a> in order to publicly reward the most prolific Italian women every year.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Mother's Day was first celebrated on 12 May 1957 in <a href="/wiki/Assisi" title="Assisi">Assisi</a>, at the initiative of Reverend Otello Migliosi, the <a href="/wiki/Parish_priest" class="mw-redirect" title="Parish priest">parish priest</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tordibetto" title="Tordibetto">Tordibetto</a> church.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> This celebration was so popular that in the following year Mother's Day was adopted throughout Italy. On 18 December 1958, a proposal was presented to the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Italy)" title="Senate of the Republic (Italy)">Italian Senate</a> to make the holiday official.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japan">Japan</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, Mother's Day (母の日, Haha no Hi) was initially commemorated during the <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōwa period">Shōwa period</a> as the birthday of <a href="/wiki/Empress_K%C5%8Djun" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress Kōjun">Empress Kōjun</a> (mother of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Akihito" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Akihito">Emperor Akihito</a>) on 6 March. This was established in 1931 when the Imperial Women's Union was organized. In 1937, the first meeting of "Praise Mothers" was held on 8 May, and in 1949 Japanese society adopted the second Sunday of May as the official date for Mother's Day in Japan. Today, people typically give their mothers gifts of flowers such as red <a href="/wiki/Carnation" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnation">carnations</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">roses</a>. Giving carnations on Mother's Day is the most common in Japan.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 19 May every year. The holiday was first celebrated in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Mothers are also honored on <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Latvia">Latvia</h4></div> Mother's Day in <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> was celebrated for the first time in 1922. Since 1934, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> After the end of the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Baltic_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupation of Baltic states">occupation of Baltic states</a> celebration was resumed in 1992.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Mothers are also honored on <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lithuania">Lithuania</h4></div> Mother's Day in Lithuania was celebrated for the first time in 1928. In Lithuania, Mother's Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of May. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Malawi">Malawi</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a>, Mother's Day is a public holiday. The day is observed on 15 October or the following workday. It is celebrated on the UN's World Rural Women's Day. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Maldives">Maldives</h4></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 13 May. The day is celebrated in different ways. Children give gifts and spend time with their mothers. Daughters give their mothers cards and handmade gifts and sons give their mothers gifts and flowers. Maldivians love to celebrate Mother's day, and they have it specially written on their calendar.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Malta">Malta</h4></div> The first mention of Mother's Day in <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> occurred during the Radio Children's Programmes run by Frans H. Said in May 1961. Within a few years, Mother's Day became one of the most popular dates in the Maltese calendar. In Malta, this day is commemorated on the second Sunday in May. Mothers are invariably given gifts and invited for lunch, usually at a good quality restaurant.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mexico">Mexico</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Mexico#Festivities" title="Public holidays in Mexico">Public holidays in Mexico § Festivities</a></div> In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, the government of <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Obreg%C3%B3n" title="Álvaro Obregón">Álvaro Obregón</a> imported the Mother's Day holiday from the US in 1922, and the newspaper <a href="/wiki/Exc%C3%A9lsior" title="Excélsior">Excélsior</a> held a massive promotional campaign for the holiday that year.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_133-132">[132]</a> The conservative government tried to use the holiday to promote a more conservative role for mothers in families, but that perspective was criticized by the socialists as promoting an unrealistic image of a woman who was not good for much more than breeding.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_133-132">[132]</a> In the mid-1930s, the leftist government of <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Lázaro Cárdenas">Lázaro Cárdenas</a> promoted the holiday as a "patriotic festival". The Cárdenas government tried to use the holiday as a vehicle for various efforts: to stress the importance of families as the basis for national development; to benefit from the loyalty that Mexicans felt towards their mothers; to introduce new morals to Mexican women; and to reduce the influence that the church and the Catholic right exerted over women.<a href="#cite_note-sherman-133">[133]</a> The government sponsored the holiday in the schools.<a href="#cite_note-sherman-133">[133]</a> However, ignoring the strict guidelines from the government, theatre plays were filled with religious icons and themes. Consequently, the "national celebrations" became "religious fiestas" despite the efforts of the government.<a href="#cite_note-sherman-133">[133]</a> Soledad Orozco García, the wife of President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_%C3%81vila_Camacho" title="Manuel Ávila Camacho">Manuel Ávila Camacho</a>, promoted the holiday during the 1940s, resulting in an important state-sponsored celebration.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_133–134-134">[134]</a> The 1942 celebration lasted a full week and included an announcement that all women could reclaim their pawned sewing machines from the <a href="/wiki/Nacional_Monte_de_Piedad" title="Nacional Monte de Piedad">Monte de Piedad</a> at no cost.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_133–134-134">[134]</a> Due to Orozco's promotion, the Catholic <a href="/wiki/National_Synarchist_Union" title="National Synarchist Union">National Synarchist Union</a> (UNS) took heed of the holiday around 1941.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_134-135">[135]</a> Shop-owner members of the Party of the Mexican Revolution (now the <a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">Institutional Revolutionary Party</a>) observed a custom allowing women from humble classes to pick a free Mother's Day gift from a shop to bring home to their families. The Synarchists worried that this promoted both materialism and the idleness of lower classes, and in turn, reinforced the systemic social problems of the country.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_134–135-136">[136]</a> Currently this holiday practice is viewed as very conservative, but the 1940s' UNS saw Mother's Day as part of the larger debate on the modernization that was happening at the time.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_135–136-137">[137]</a> This economic modernization was inspired by US models and was sponsored by the state. The fact that the holiday was originally imported from the US was seen as evidence of an attempt at imposing capitalism and materialism in Mexican society.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_135–136-137">[137]</a> The UNS and the clergy of the city of <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Guanajuato" title="León, Guanajuato">León</a> interpreted the government's actions as an effort to secularize the holiday and to promote a more active role for women in society. They concluded that the government's long-term goal was to cause women to abandon their traditional roles at home in order to spiritually weaken men.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_135–136-137">[137]</a> They also saw the holiday as an attempt to secularize the cult to the Virgin Mary, inside a larger effort to dechristianize several holidays. The government sought to counter these claims by organizing widespread masses and asking religious women to assist with the state-sponsored events in order to "depaganize" them.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_136–139-138">[138]</a> The clergy preferred to promote 2 July celebration of the Santísima <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virgen_de_la_Luz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virgen de la Luz (page does not exist)">Virgen de la Luz</a>, the patron of <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Guanajuato" title="León, Guanajuato">León, Guanajuato</a>, in replacement of Mother's Day.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_134-135">[135]</a> In 1942, at the same time as Soledad's greatest celebration of Mother's Day, the clergy organized the 210th celebration of the Virgin Mary with a large parade in León.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_136–139-138">[138]</a> There is a consensus among scholars that the Mexican government abandoned its revolutionary initiatives during the 1940s, including its efforts to influence Mother's Day.<a href="#cite_note-newcomer_134-135">[135]</a> Today the "Día de las Madres" is an unofficial holiday in Mexico held each year on 10 May,<a href="#cite_note-legacy-139">[139]</a> the day on which it was first celebrated in Mexico.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> In Mexico, to show affection and appreciation to the mother, it is traditional to start the celebration with the famous song "Las Mañanitas", either a cappella, with the help of a mariachi or a contracted trio. Families usually gather to celebrate, trying to spend as much time as possible with mothers to honor them. They bring some dishes and eat together or visit a restaurant.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Myanmar">Myanmar</h4></div> In Myanmar, Mothers' Day (the plural form of mother is used as an official title<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a>) is celebrated on the full moon day of <a href="/wiki/Pyatho" title="Pyatho">Pyatho</a>, the tenth month of the Myanmar calendar, which usually falls in January.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> At the proposal and initiative of <a href="/wiki/Thukha" title="Thukha">U Thukha</a>, who put a lot of effort into founding this day, it was first celebrated in <a href="/wiki/Mandalay" title="Mandalay">Mandalay</a> on the full moon day of Pyatho in 1995, but it was officially added to the Myanmar calendar in 1997, two years after its first celebration.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> People who are away from home, send postcards or phone their mothers to express love and gratitude and those who live with their mother, give her personal service, like bathing or shampooing, and usually take her to pagodas.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nepal">Nepal</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, there is a festival equivalent to Mother's Day, called Mata Tirtha Aunsi ("Mother Pilgrimage New Moon"), or Mata Tirtha <a href="/wiki/Puja_(Buddhism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Puja (Buddhism)">Puja</a> ("Mother Pilgrimage Worship"). It is celebrated according to the lunar calendar. It falls on the last day of the dark fortnight in the month of <a href="/wiki/Baishakh_(Nepali_calendar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baishakh (Nepali calendar)">Baishakh</a> which falls in April–May (in 2015, it will occur on 18 April). The dark fortnight lasts for 15 days from the full moon to the new moon. This festival is observed to commemorate and honor mothers, and it is celebrated by giving gifts to mothers and remembering mothers who are no more.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] To honor mothers who have died, it is the tradition to go on a pilgrimage to the Mata Tirtha ponds, located 6 km to the southwest of downtown <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a>. The nearby <a href="/wiki/Mata_Tirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Mata Tirtha">Mata Tirtha</a> village is named after these ponds. Previously, the tradition was observed primarily by the <a href="/wiki/Newar" class="mw-redirect" title="Newar">Newar</a> community and other people living in the <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu_Valley" title="Kathmandu Valley">Kathmandu Valley</a>. Now this festival is widely celebrated across the country.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Many tragic <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folklore</a> legends have been created, suggesting different reasons why this pond became a pilgrimage site. The most popular version says that, in ancient times, the mother of a shepherd died, and he made offerings to a nearby pond. There he saw the face of his mother in the water, with her hand taking the offerings. Since then, many people have visited the pond, hoping to see their deceased mother's face. Pilgrims believe that they will bring peace to their mothers' souls by visiting the sacred place. There are two ponds. The larger one is for ritual bathing. The smaller one is used to "look upon mother's face", and is fenced by iron bars to prevent people from bathing in it.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Traditionally, in the Kathmandu valley the South-Western corner is reserved for women and women-related rituals, and the North-Eastern is for men and men-related rituals. The worship place for Mata Tirtha Aunsi is located in Mata Tirtha in the South-Western half of the valley, while the worship place for <a href="/wiki/Gokarna_Aunsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokarna Aunsi">Gokarna Aunsi</a>, the equivalent celebration for deceased fathers is located in <a href="/wiki/Gokarna,_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Gokarna, Nepal">Gokarna, Nepal</a>, in the North-Eastern half. This division is reflected in many aspects of the life in Kathmandu valley.<a href="#cite_note-HeestermanHoek1992-146">[146]</a> Mother's Day is known as Aama ko Mukh Herne Din in <a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a>, which literally means "day to see mother's face". In <a href="/wiki/Nepal_Bhasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nepal Bhasa">Nepal Bhasa</a>, the festival is known as Mām yā Khwā Swayegu, which can be translated as "to look upon mother's face".[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h4></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, Mother's Day was introduced as early as 1910 by the Dutch branch of the <a href="/wiki/Salvation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a>.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> The Royal Dutch Society for Horticulture and Botany, a group protecting the interest of Dutch florists, worked to promote the holiday; they hoped to emulate the commercial success achieved by American florists.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_208-148">[148]</a> They were imitating the campaign already underway by florists in Germany and Austria, but they were aware that the traditions had originated in the US.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_208-148">[148]</a> Florists launched a major promotional effort in 1925. This included the publication of a book of articles written by famous intellectuals, radio broadcasts, newspapers ads, and the collaboration of priests and teachers who wanted to promote the celebration for their own reasons.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_208-148">[148]</a> In 1931 the second Sunday of May was adopted as the official celebration date. In the mid-1930s the slogan Moederdag – Bloemendag (Mother's Day – Flowers' Day) was coined, and the phrase was popular for many years.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_209-149">[149]</a> In the 1930s and 1940s "Mother's Day cakes" were given as gifts in hospitals and to the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Dutch Queen</a>, who is known as the "mother of the country".<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_209-149">[149]</a> Other trade groups tried to cash in on the holiday and to give new meaning to the holiday in order to promote their own wares as gifts.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_209-149">[149]</a> Roman Catholic priests complained that the holiday interfered with the honoring of the Virgin Mary, the divine mother, which took place during the whole month of May. In 1926 Mother's Day was celebrated on 7 July in order to address these complaints.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_210-150">[150]</a> Catholic organizations and priests tried to Christianize the holiday, but those attempts were rendered futile around the 1960s when the church lost influence and the holiday was completely secularized.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_210-150">[150]</a> In later years, the initial resistance disappeared, and even leftist newspapers stopped their criticism and endorsed Mother's Day.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_213-151">[151]</a> In the 1980s, the American origin of the holiday was still not widely known, so feminist groups who opposed the perpetuation of gender roles sometimes claimed that Mother's Day was invented by Nazis and celebrated on the birthday of <a href="/wiki/Klara_Hitler" title="Klara Hitler">Klara Hitler</a>, Hitler's mother.<a href="#cite_note-helsloot_211-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May. Mother's Day is not a public holiday. The New Zealand tradition is to send or give cards and gifts and at-home youngsters to attempt to serve mothers a variation on breakfast in bed.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, the Día de la Madre has been celebrated on 30 May since the early 1940s. The date was chosen by President <a href="/wiki/Anastasio_Somoza_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Anastasio Somoza García">Anastasio Somoza García</a> because it was the birthday of Casimira Sacasa, his wife's mother.<a href="#cite_note-nicaragua-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="North_Korea">North Korea</h4></div> Mother's Day is celebrated on 16 November as a <a href="/wiki/List_of_public_holidays_in_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of public holidays in North Korea">public holiday in North Korea</a>. The date takes its significance from the First National Meeting of Mothers held in 1961, for which <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of North Korea">leader of the country</a>, published a work called The Duty of Mothers in the Education of Children. The date was designated as Mother's Day in May 2012 by the <a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_Supreme_People%27s_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly">Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly</a> but only became a public holiday and appeared on the <a href="/wiki/North_Korean_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean calendar">North Korean calendar</a> starting in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-LeeSangYong2014-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Norway">Norway</h4></div> Mother's Day was first celebrated on 9 February 1919 and was initially organized by religious institutions. Later it has become a family day, and the mother is often treated to breakfast in bed, flowers and cake.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] It has gradually become a major commercial event, with special pastries, flowers and other presents offered by retailers. Day-cares and primary schools often encourage children to make cards and other gifts.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pakistan">Pakistan</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. Media channels celebrate with special shows. Individuals honor their mothers by giving gifts and commemorative articles. Individuals who have lost their mothers pray and pay their respects to their loved ones lost. Schools hold special programs in order to acknowledge the efforts of their mothers.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Panama">Panama</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 8 December, the same day as the <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Feast of the Immaculate Conception">Feast of the Immaculate Conception</a>. This date was suggested in 1930 by the wife of Panama's President <a href="/wiki/Florencio_Harmodio_Arosemena" title="Florencio Harmodio Arosemena">Florencio Harmodio Arosemena</a>. 8 December was adopted as Mother's Day under Law 69, which was passed the same year.<a href="#cite_note-panama-56">[56]</a> According to another account, in 1924 the <a href="/wiki/Rotary_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotary Club">Rotary Club</a> of Panama asked that Mother's Day be celebrated on 11 May. Politician Aníbal D. Ríos changed the proposal so that the celebration would be held on 8 December. He then established Mother's Day as a national holiday on that date.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Paraguay">Paraguay</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on 15 May, the same day as the Dia de la Patria, which celebrates the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Paraguay#Independence_of_1811" title="History of Paraguay">independence of Paraguay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-paraguay1-50">[50]</a> This date was chosen to honor the role played by Juana María de Lara in the events of 14 May 1811 that led to Paraguay's independence.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> In 2008, the Paraguayan Minister of Culture, Bruno Barrios, lamented this coincidence because, in Paraguay, Mother's Day is much more popular than independence day and the independence celebration goes unnoticed. As a result, Barrios asked that the celebration be moved to the end of the month.<a href="#cite_note-paraguay2-158">[158]</a> A group of young people attempted to gather 20,000 signatures to ask the Parliament to move Mother's Day.<a href="#cite_note-paraguay2-158">[158]</a> In 2008, the Comisión de festejos (Celebration Committee) of the city of <a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a> asked that Mother's Day be moved to the second Sunday of May.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Philippines">Philippines</h4></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, Mother's Day is officially celebrated on the second Sunday of May, but it is not a public holiday.<a href="#cite_note-proclamation1998-160">[160]</a> Although not a traditional Filipino holiday, the occasion owes its popularity to <a href="/wiki/American_Colonial_Period_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Colonial Period (Philippines)">American Colonial Period</a> influence. According to a 2008 article by the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_News_Agency" title="Philippine News Agency">Philippine News Agency</a>, in 1921 the <a href="/wiki/Ilocos_Norte" title="Ilocos Norte">Ilocos Norte</a> Federation of Women's Clubs asked to declare the first Monday of December as Mother's Day "to honor these fabulous women who brought forth God's children into this world." In response, <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_the_Philippines" title="Governor-General of the Philippines">Governor-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Yeater" title="Charles Yeater">Charles Yeater</a> issued Circular No. 33 declaring the celebration. In 1937 <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a> issued Presidential Proclamation No. 213, changing the name of the occasion from "Mother's Day" to "Parent's Day" to address the complaints that there wasn't a "Father's Day". In 1980 President <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a> issued Presidential Proclamation No. 2037 proclaiming the date as both Mother's Day and Father's Day. In 1988 President <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> issued Presidential Proclamation No. 266, changing Mother's Day to the second Sunday of May, and Father's Day to the third Sunday of June, discontinuing the traditional date.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> In 1998 President <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">Joseph Estrada</a> returned both celebrations to the first Monday of December.<a href="#cite_note-proclamation1998-160">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Portugal">Portugal</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, the "Dia da Mãe" ("Mother's Day") is an unofficial holiday held each year on the first Sunday of May (sometimes coinciding with <a href="/wiki/May_Day#Portugal" title="May Day">Labour Day</a>). In the weeks leading up to this Sunday, school children spend a few hours a day preparing a gift for their mothers, aided by their school teachers. In general, mothers receive gifts from their family members and this day is meant to be celebrated with the whole family. It used to be celebrated on 8 December, the same date as the Conception of the Virgin celebration.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Romania">Romania</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, Mother's Day has been celebrated on the first Sunday of May since 2010. Law 319/2009 made both Mother's Day and Father's Day official holidays in Romania. The measure was passed thanks to campaign efforts from the Alliance Fighting Discrimination Against Fathers (TATA).<a href="#cite_note-romania-43">[43]</a> Previously, Mother's Day was celebrated on 8 March, as part of <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a> (a tradition dating back to when Romania was part of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern bloc">Eastern bloc</a>). Today, Mother's Day and International Women's Day are two separate holidays, with International Women's Day being held on its original date of 8 March.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Russia">Russia</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a></div> Traditionally <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> had celebrated International Women's Day and Mother's Day on 8 March, an inheritance from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, and a public holiday.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Women's Day was first celebrated on the last Sunday in February in 1913 in Russia.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> In 1917, demonstrations marking International Women's Day in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> on the last Sunday in February (which fell on 8 March on the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a>) initiated the <a href="/wiki/February_Revolution" title="February Revolution">February Revolution</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a> later that year, the <a href="/wiki/Bolshevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshevik">Bolshevik</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Alexandra Kollontai</a> persuaded <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a> to make it an official holiday in the Soviet Union, and it was established, but was a working day until 1965.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On 8 May 1965, by the decree of the <a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_Supreme_Soviet" title="Presidium of the Supreme Soviet">Presidium of the Supreme Soviet</a>, International Women's Day was declared a non-working day in the Soviet Union "in commemoration of the outstanding merits of Soviet women in communistic construction, in the defense of their <a href="/wiki/Fatherland" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatherland">Fatherland</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War_(term)" title="Great Patriotic War (term)">Great Patriotic War</a>, in their heroism and selflessness at the front and in the rear, and also marking the great contribution of women to strengthening friendship between peoples, and the struggle for peace. But still, women's day must be celebrated as are other holidays."<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Samoa">Samoa</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday in May, and as a recognised national holiday on the Monday following. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Singapore">Singapore</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is not recognized as a holiday by the government. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Slovakia">Slovakia</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> celebrated only Women's Day until the <a href="/wiki/Velvet_Revolution" title="Velvet Revolution">Velvet Revolution</a> in 1989. After the country split in 1993, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> started celebrating both Women's Day and Mother's Day. The politicization of Women's Day has affected the official status of Mother's Day. Center-right parties want Mother's Day to replace Women's Day, and social-democrats want to make Women's Day an official holiday. Currently, both days are festive, but they are not "state holidays". In the Slovak Republic, Mother's Day is celebrated every second Sunday in May.<a href="#cite_note-eastern-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. It is not recognized as a holiday by the government. The tradition is to give cards and gifts and to serve mothers breakfast in bed or to go out to lunch together as a family. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Sudan">South Sudan</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the first Monday in July. The president <a href="/wiki/Salva_Kiir_Mayardit" title="Salva Kiir Mayardit">Salva Kiir Mayardit</a> proclaimed Mother's Day as the first Monday in July after handing over from Sudan. Children in South Sudan are presenting mothers with gifts and flowers. The first Mother's Day was held in that country on 2 July 2012.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spain">Spain</h4></div> In Spain, Mother's Day or Día de la Madre is celebrated on the first Sunday of May. The weeks leading up to this Sunday, school children spend a few hours a day preparing a gift for their mothers, aided by their school teachers. In general, mothers receive gifts from their family members & this day is meant to be celebrated with the whole family. It is also said to be celebrated in May, as May is the month dedicated to the Virgin Mary (mother of Jesus) according to Catholicism. The idea of a month dedicated specifically to Mary can be traced back to baroque times. Although it wasn't always held during May, Mary Month included thirty daily spiritual exercises honoring Mary.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> In 1925 the Valencian poet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julio_Men%C3%A9ndez_Garc%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julio Menéndez García (page does not exist)">Julio Menéndez García</a> published a Hymn to Mother in a pamphlet in which he proposed the celebration of Mother's Day in all Spanish-speaking countries.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> The official declaration was never produced, but at that time the initiative was adopted at a local level on different dates; thus, for example, in Madrid, Mother's Day was celebrated on 4 October 1926.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> In 1939 the <a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Juventudes" title="Frente de Juventudes">Youth Front</a> of <a href="/wiki/FET_y_de_las_JONS" title="FET y de las JONS">FET y de las JONS</a> party, promoted the celebration of Mother's Day coinciding with the feast of the Immaculate Conception, on 8 December. In the early 1960s, on the initiative of a chain of department stores (<a href="/wiki/Galer%C3%ADas_Preciados" title="Galerías Preciados">Galerías Preciados</a>), which copied the custom established in Cuba, Mother's Day was also celebrated on the first Sunday of May (<a href="/wiki/El_Corte_Ingl%C3%A9s" title="El Corte Inglés">El Corte Inglés</a>, the great competitor of Galerías Preciados, celebrated the holiday in December). The two dates, May and December, coexisted until 1965 when the ecclesiastical authorities chose to celebrate the festival in May, within the month consecrated to the Virgin, to recover the authentic character of the Day of the Immaculate Conception.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sri_Lanka">Sri Lanka</h4></div> In Sri Lanka, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sweden">Sweden</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, Mother's Day was first celebrated in 1919, by an initiative of the author Cecilia Bååth-Holmberg. It took several decades for the day to be widely recognized. Swedes born in the early nineteen hundreds typically did not celebrate the day because of the common belief that the holiday was invented strictly for commercial purposes. This was in contrast to Father's Day, which has been widely celebrated in Sweden since the late 1970s. Mother's Day in Sweden is celebrated on the last Sunday in May. A later date was chosen to allow everyone to go outside and pick flowers.<a href="#cite_note-nordstjernan.com_z291-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-VÄRLDENS_HISTORIA_2023_w007-170">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Switzerland">Switzerland</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, the "règle de Pentecôte" law allows Mother's Day to be celebrated a week late if the holiday falls on the same day as Pentecost. In 2008, merchants declined to move the date.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Taiwan">Taiwan</h4></div> In <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, Mother's Day is celebrated on the second Sunday of the month of May, coinciding with <a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_birthday" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha's birthday">Buddha's birthday</a> and the traditional ceremony of "washing the Buddha". In 1999 the Taiwanese government established the second Sunday of May as Buddha's birthday, so they would be celebrated in the same day.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Since 2006,<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Tzu_Chi" title="Tzu Chi">Tzu Chi</a>, the largest charity organization in Taiwan, celebrates the Tzu Chi Day, Mother's Day and Buddha's birthday all together, as part of a unified celebration and religious observance.<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Thailand">Thailand</h4></div> Mother's day in <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> is celebrated on the birthday of the Queen Mother of Thailand, <a href="/wiki/Sirikit" title="Sirikit">Sirikit</a> (12 August).<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> The holiday was first celebrated around the 1980s as part of the campaign by the Prime Minister of Thailand <a href="/wiki/Prem_Tinsulanonda" title="Prem Tinsulanonda">Prem Tinsulanonda</a> to promote Thailand's Royal family.<a href="#cite_note-handley-180">[180]</a> Father's Day is celebrated on the late King <a href="/wiki/Bhumibol_Adulyadej" title="Bhumibol Adulyadej">Bhumibol Adulyadej</a>'s birthday.<a href="#cite_note-handley-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> celebrates Mother's Day (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: День Матері) on the second Sunday of May. In Ukraine, Mother's Day officially became a holiday in 1999<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> and has been celebrated since 2000. Ukrainian society also celebrates <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a>, a holiday adopted under the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> that remained a tradition in Ukraine after <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">its collapse</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg/170px-Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg/255px-Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg/340px-Happy_Mother%27s_Day_-_geograph.org.uk_-_709934.jpg 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Balloon" title="Balloon">Balloons</a> outside, in the week before Mother's Day 2008</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> celebrates Mother's Day on the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Sunday_in_Lent" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Sunday in Lent">Fourth Sunday in Lent</a> (10 March 2024).<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> In the United Kingdom, the holiday has its roots in the religious <a href="/wiki/Mothering_Sunday" title="Mothering Sunday">Mothering Sunday</a> celebration and was originally unrelated to the international Mother's Day holiday.<a href="#cite_note-bbc-31">[31]</a> Most historians believe that Mothering Sunday evolved from a medieval practice of visiting one's mother church annually on <a href="/wiki/Laetare_Sunday" title="Laetare Sunday">Laetare Sunday</a>.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_(United_States)" title="Mother's Day (United States)">Mother's Day (United States)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Michelle_Obama,_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Michelle_Obama%2C_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg/220px-Michelle_Obama%2C_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Michelle_Obama%2C_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg/330px-Michelle_Obama%2C_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Michelle_Obama%2C_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg/440px-Michelle_Obama%2C_Jill_Biden_and_Prince_Henry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Harry">Prince Harry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jill_Biden" title="Jill Biden">Jill Biden</a> helping children create Mother's Day cards at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, 9 May 2013</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg/220px-Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg/330px-Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg/440px-Mother%27s_day_gifts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="1752" /></a><figcaption>Handmade Mother's Day gifts</figcaption></figure> The United States celebrates Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May. In 1872 <a href="/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe" title="Julia Ward Howe">Julia Ward Howe</a> called for women to join in support of disarmament and asked for 2 June 1872, to be established as a "Mother's Day for Peace". Her 1870 "Appeal to womanhood throughout the world" is sometimes referred to as <a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_Proclamation" title="Mother's Day Proclamation">Mother's Day Proclamation</a>. But Howe's day was not for honouring mothers but for organizing pacifist mothers against war. In the 1880s and 1890s there were several further attempts to establish an American "Mother's Day", but these did not succeed beyond the local level.<a href="#cite_note-virginia-184">[184]</a> In the United States, Mother's Day remains one of the biggest days for sales of flowers, greeting cards, and the like; Mother's Day is also the biggest holiday for long-distance telephone calls.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> Moreover, <a href="/wiki/Church_service" title="Church service">churchgoing</a> is also popular on Mother's Day, yielding the highest <a href="/wiki/Church_attendance" title="Church attendance">church attendance</a> after Christmas Eve and Easter. Many worshippers celebrate the day with <a href="/wiki/Carnations" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnations">carnations</a>, coloured if the mother is living and white if she is dead.<a href="#cite_note-:0-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Churchgoing-186">[186]</a> Mother's Day continues to be one of the most commercially successful U.S. occasions.<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> It is possible that the holiday would have withered over time without the support and continuous promotion of the florist industries and other commercial industries. Other Protestant holidays from the same time, such as <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Children's Day</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temperance_Sunday&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temperance Sunday (page does not exist)">Temperance Sunday</a>, do not have the same level of popularity.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Calendar_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Calendar_icon.svg/22px-Calendar_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Calendar_icon.svg/33px-Calendar_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Calendar_icon.svg/44px-Calendar_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="654" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Holidays" title="Portal:Holidays">Holidays portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Mother%27s_Day_Shrine" title="International Mother's Day Shrine">International Mother's Day Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day" title="Father's Day">Father's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_set_around_Mother%27s_Day" title="List of films set around Mother's Day">List of films set around Mother's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_devotions_to_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="May devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary">May devotions to the Blessed Virgin Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Why_Mom_Deserves_a_Diamond_contest" title="Why Mom Deserves a Diamond contest">Why Mom Deserves a Diamond contest</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> Enstam, Elizabeth York. "The Dallas equal suffrage association, political style, and popular culture: grassroots strategies of the Woman Suffrage Movement, 1913–1919." Journal of Southern History 68.4 (2002):817+. Student Resources in Context. Web. 14 November 2014. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-O'Reilly2010-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-O'Reilly2010_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Reilly2010_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Reilly2010_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-O'Reilly2010_1-3">d</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFO'Reilly2010" class="citation book cs1">O'Reilly, Andrea (6 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamoth00orei">Encyclopedia of Motherhood</a>. Sage Publications (CA). p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediamoth00orei/page/n651">602</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4522-6629-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4522-6629-9"><bdi>978-1-4522-6629-9</bdi></a>. <q>She organized the first official Mother's Day service at Andrews Methodist Church in Grafton, West Virginia, on the morning of May 10, 1908. That same afternoon, 15,000 people attended a Mother's Day service at the Wanamaker Store Auditorium in Philadelphia, which she also organized. Jarvis chose the second Sunday in May for Mother's Day to mark the anniversary of her mother's death and selected her mother's favorite flower, the white carnation, as the day's official emblem.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Motherhood&rft.pages=602&rft.pub=Sage+Publications+%28CA%29&rft.date=2010-04-06&rft.isbn=978-1-4522-6629-9&rft.aulast=O%27Reilly&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediamoth00orei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-grold-2"><a href="#cite_ref-grold_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._James_Grold1968" class="citation cs2">L. James Grold (April 1968), "Mother's Day", <a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Psychiatry" class="mw-redirect" title="American Journal of Psychiatry">American Journal of Psychiatry</a>, 124 (10): 1456–1458, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1176%2Fajp.124.10.1456">10.1176/ajp.124.10.1456</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0002-953X">0002-953X</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5643668">5643668</a>, <q>Mother's Day, conceived by Anna Jarvis to honor unselfish mothers (...) Although there is no direct lineal descent to our modern Mother's Day custom, secular and religious motherhood have existed for thousands of years before 10 May 1908: the first church – St. Andrew's in Grafton, West Virginia – responded to her request for a Sunday service honoring mothers . Cybele (...)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1456-1458&rft.date=1968-04&rft.issn=0002-953X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F5643668&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1176%2Fajp.124.10.1456&rft.au=L.+James+Grold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tuleja-3"><a href="#cite_ref-tuleja_3-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTuleja1999" class="citation cs2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tad_Tuleja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tad Tuleja (page does not exist)">Tuleja, Tad</a> (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CJJracI4-JUC">Curious Customs: The Stories Behind 296 Popular American Rituals</a>, Galahad Books, p. 167, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1578660704" title="Special:BookSources/978-1578660704"><bdi>978-1578660704</bdi></a>, <q>Although attempts have been made to link Mother's Day to ancient cults of the mother goddess, especially the worship of Cybele, the association is more conceptual than historic. Mother's Day is a modern, American invention.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Curious+Customs%3A+The+Stories+Behind+296+Popular+American+Rituals&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=Galahad+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1578660704&rft.aulast=Tuleja&rft.aufirst=Tad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCJJracI4-JUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-myers-4"><a href="#cite_ref-myers_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_J._Myers,_Hallmark_Cards1972" class="citation cs2">Robert J. Myers, <a href="/wiki/Hallmark_Cards" title="Hallmark Cards">Hallmark Cards</a> (1972), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8jbgAAAAMAAJ">Celebrations; the complete book of American holidays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a>, p. 143, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780385076777" title="Special:BookSources/9780385076777"><bdi>9780385076777</bdi></a>, <q>Our observance of Mother's Day is little more than half a century old [this was written in 1972], yet the nature of the holiday makes it seem as if it had its roots in prehistoric times. Many antiquarians, holiday enthusiasts, and students of folklore have claimed to find the source of Mother's Day in the ancient spring festivals dedicated to the mother goddess, particularly the worship of Cybele.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celebrations%3B+the+complete+book+of+American+holidays&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=9780385076777&rft.au=Robert+J.+Myers%2C+Hallmark+Cards&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8jbgAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 208 "The American origin of the Day, however, was duly acknowledged. 'The idea is imported,. America led the way.'" </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc_a-6"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_a_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/holydays/motheringsunday_1.shtml">Mothering Sunday</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, 5 July 2011, retrieved 8 May 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mothering+Sunday&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2011-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fchristianity%2Fholydays%2Fmotheringsunday_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc_b-7"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_b_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/17343360">Mother's Day: When is it celebrated and where did it come from?</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, 19 March 2023, retrieved 8 May 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mother%27s+Day%3A+When+is+it+celebrated+and+where+did+it+come+from%3F&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2023-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnewsround%2F17343360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CoE-8"><a href="#cite_ref-CoE_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/news-and-media/stories-and-features/mothering-sunday-what-are-its-origins-church">Mothering Sunday, what are its origins in the Church?</a>, <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, 26 March 2019, retrieved 8 May 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mothering+Sunday%2C+what+are+its+origins+in+the+Church%3F&rft.pub=Church+of+England&rft.date=2019-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofengland.org%2Fnews-and-media%2Fstories-and-features%2Fmothering-sunday-what-are-its-origins-church&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-why-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-why_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-why_9-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/mothers-day-today-2016-when-is-it-why-celebrate-which-countries-a7019121.html">"Mother's Day 2016: Which countries celebrate it on 8 May – and why?"</a>. The Independent. 8 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+2016%3A+Which+countries+celebrate+it+on+8+May+%E2%80%93+and+why%3F&rft.date=2016-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Fmothers-day-today-2016-when-is-it-why-celebrate-which-countries-a7019121.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/0/mothers-day-2017-uk-date-facts-traditions/">Mother's Day 2017</a>, The Daily Telegraph </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrammell" class="citation news cs1">Trammell, Kendall. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2018/05/13/us/mothers-day-anna-jarvis-trnd/index.html">"Mother's Day founder later came to regret it"</a>. CNN. Retrieved 13 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+founder+later+came+to+regret+it&rft.aulast=Trammell&rft.aufirst=Kendall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2018%2F05%2F13%2Fus%2Fmothers-day-anna-jarvis-trnd%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BL-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BL_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BL_12-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunning2017" class="citation web cs1">Dunning, Andrew (26 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.bl.uk/digitisedmanuscripts/2017/03/the-medieval-origins-of-mothering-sunday.html">"The medieval origins of Mothering Sunday"</a>. Medieval manuscripts blog. The British Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medieval+manuscripts+blog&rft.atitle=The+medieval+origins+of+Mothering+Sunday&rft.date=2017-03-26&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.bl.uk%2Fdigitisedmanuscripts%2F2017%2F03%2Fthe-medieval-origins-of-mothering-sunday.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaagCleary2018" class="citation news cs1">Kaag, John; Cleary, Skye C. (10 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2018/05/10/nietzsche-wishes-you-an-ambivalent-mothers-day/">"Nietzsche Wishes You an Ambivalent Mother's Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Paris_Review" title="The Paris Review">The Paris Review</a>. Retrieved 13 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Paris+Review&rft.atitle=Nietzsche+Wishes+You+an+Ambivalent+Mother%27s+Day&rft.date=2018-05-10&rft.aulast=Kaag&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Cleary%2C+Skye+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theparisreview.org%2Fblog%2F2018%2F05%2F10%2Fnietzsche-wishes-you-an-ambivalent-mothers-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew2015" class="citation web cs1">Matthew (8 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peacealliance.org/history-of-mothers-day-as-a-day-of-peace-julia-ward-howe/">"History of Mother's Day as a Day of Peace: Julia Ward Howe"</a>. The Peace Alliance. Retrieved 10 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Peace+Alliance&rft.atitle=History+of+Mother%27s+Day+as+a+Day+of+Peace%3A+Julia+Ward+Howe&rft.date=2015-05-08&rft.au=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeacealliance.org%2Fhistory-of-mothers-day-as-a-day-of-peace-julia-ward-howe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ed.gov/news/newsletters/engagingfamilies/index.html">"Engaging Families – U.S. Department of Education"</a>. www2.ed.gov. 14 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www2.ed.gov&rft.atitle=Engaging+Families+%E2%80%93+U.S.+Department+of+Education&rft.date=2017-12-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.ed.gov%2Fnews%2Fnewsletters%2Fengagingfamilies%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanati2016" class="citation book cs1">Panati, Charles (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=utroDAAAQBAJ&q=%22mother-in-law's%20day%22%201908&pg=PA59">Panati's Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things</a>. Book Sales. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0785834373" title="Special:BookSources/978-0785834373"><bdi>978-0785834373</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Panati%27s+Extraordinary+Origins+of+Everyday+Things&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Book+Sales&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0785834373&rft.aulast=Panati&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DutroDAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522mother-in-law%27s%2520day%2522%25201908%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntolini2010" class="citation book cs1">Antolini, Katharine Lane (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pcxqzal4bEYC&q=%22mother's%20day%22%201911%20jarvis&pg=PA602">"Jarvis, Anna"</a>. Encyclopedia of Motherhood. Sage. p. 602. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1412968461" title="Special:BookSources/978-1412968461"><bdi>978-1412968461</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jarvis%2C+Anna&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Motherhood&rft.pages=602&rft.pub=Sage&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1412968461&rft.aulast=Antolini&rft.aufirst=Katharine+Lane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPcxqzal4bEYC%26q%3D%2522mother%27s%2520day%2522%25201911%2520jarvis%26pg%3DPA602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RiceTedesco2015-18"><a href="#cite_ref-RiceTedesco2015_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConnie_Park_RiceMarie_Tedesco2015" class="citation book cs1">Connie Park Rice; Marie Tedesco (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P0fkBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT29">Women of the Mountain South: Identity, Work, and Activism</a>. Ohio University Press. pp. 29–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8214-4522-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8214-4522-8"><bdi>978-0-8214-4522-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+of+the+Mountain+South%3A+Identity%2C+Work%2C+and+Activism&rft.pages=29-&rft.pub=Ohio+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-8214-4522-8&rft.au=Connie+Park+Rice&rft.au=Marie+Tedesco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP0fkBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-deseret-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-deseret_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-deseret_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-deseret_19-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLois_M._Collins2014" class="citation web cs1">Lois M. Collins (6 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190512220324/https://www.deseretnews.com/article/865602516/Mothers-Day-100-year-history-a-colorful-tale-of-love-anger-and-civic-unrest.html">"Mother's Day 100-year history a colorful tale of love, anger and civic unrest"</a>. Deseret News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865602516/Mothers-Day-100-year-history-a-colorful-tale-of-love-anger-and-civic-unrest.html">the original</a> on 12 May 2019. Retrieved 7 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deseret+News&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+100-year+history+a+colorful+tale+of+love%2C+anger+and+civic+unrest&rft.date=2014-05-06&rft.au=Lois+M.+Collins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deseretnews.com%2Farticle%2F865602516%2FMothers-Day-100-year-history-a-colorful-tale-of-love-anger-and-civic-unrest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kansas2014-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kansas2014_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-kansas2014_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140705144324/http://www.kansas.com/2014/04/27/3424594/hallmark-celebrates-the-100th.html">"Hallmark celebrates 100th year of Mother's Day, started by a woman who grew to despise it"</a>. kansas.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kansas.com/2014/04/27/3424594/hallmark-celebrates-the-100th.html">the original</a> on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 7 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kansas.com&rft.atitle=Hallmark+celebrates+100th+year+of+Mother%27s+Day%2C+started+by+a+woman+who+grew+to+despise+it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kansas.com%2F2014%2F04%2F27%2F3424594%2Fhallmark-celebrates-the-100th.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Diller1990-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Diller1990_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiller1990" class="citation book cs1">Diller, Harriett (1990). Celebrations That Matter: A Year-Round Guide to Making Holidays Meaningful. Augsburg. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8066-2498-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8066-2498-3"><bdi>978-0-8066-2498-3</bdi></a>. <q>In England, Mothering Sunday is a day to honor both your mother church and your own mother. In the past, young people working away from home visited their mothers and the churches where they were baptized on Mothering Sunday.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celebrations+That+Matter%3A+A+Year-Round+Guide+to+Making+Holidays+Meaningful&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Augsburg&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-8066-2498-3&rft.aulast=Diller&rft.aufirst=Harriett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PearsonSzoke2009-22"><a href="#cite_ref-PearsonSzoke2009_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearsonSzoke2009" class="citation book cs1">Pearson, Sharon Ely; Szoke, Robyn (2009). The Prayer Book Guide to Christian Education, Third Edition. <a href="/wiki/Church_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Publishing">Church Publishing</a>. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8192-2337-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8192-2337-1"><bdi>978-0-8192-2337-1</bdi></a>. <q>Mothering Sunday – In England children away from home at school or work were permitted to go home to visit their mothers and/or to visit their cathedral or mother church on this fourth Sunday of Lent. Today, many cathedrals and "mother" churches invite all who had been baptized there to return "home" to worship.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Prayer+Book+Guide+to+Christian+Education%2C+Third+Edition&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Church+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8192-2337-1&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Sharon+Ely&rft.au=Szoke%2C+Robyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith1921-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smith1921_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smith1921_23-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1921" class="citation book cs1">Smith, C. Penswick (1921). The Revival of Mothering Sunday. London: SPCK.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Revival+of+Mothering+Sunday&rft.place=London&rft.pub=SPCK&rft.date=1921&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=C.+Penswick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith1926-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Smith1926_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1926" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Constance Penswick (1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009976838">A short history of Mothering Sunday (mid-Lent)</a> (3 ed.). Nottingham.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+short+history+of+Mothering+Sunday+%28mid-Lent%29&rft.place=Nottingham&rft.edition=3&rft.date=1926&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Constance+Penswick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatalog.hathitrust.org%2FRecord%2F009976838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoyse" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Moyse, Cordelia. "Smith, Constance Adelaide [pseud. C. Penswick Smith]". <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F103415">10.1093/ref:odnb/103415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Smith%2C+Constance+Adelaide+%5Bpseud.+C.+Penswick+Smith%5D&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F103415&rft.aulast=Moyse&rft.aufirst=Cordelia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> (Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.) </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Compare footnote 51 in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaRossa1997" class="citation book cs1">LaRossa, Ralph (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernizationoff00laro">The Modernization of Fatherhood: A Social and Political History</a>. University of Chicago Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernizationoff00laro/page/272">272</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0226469041" title="Special:BookSources/978-0226469041"><bdi>978-0226469041</bdi></a>. Retrieved 28 April 2016. <q>Technically, at least, Mother's Day was 'owned' by Jarvis. She managed not only to incorporate the Mother's Day International Association but also to register 'Second Sunday in May, Mother's Day, Anna Jarvis, Founder,' as the organization's trademark.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Modernization+of+Fatherhood%3A+A+Social+and+Political+History&rft.pages=272&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0226469041&rft.aulast=LaRossa&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmodernizationoff00laro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vancouversun-27"><a href="#cite_ref-vancouversun_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLouisa_Taylor,_Canwest_News_Service2008" class="citation news cs1">Louisa Taylor, Canwest News Service (11 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080514130408/http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=c942370c-cdbb-43b2-af59-71ad4b546854">"Mother's Day creator likely 'spinning in her grave'"</a>. The Vancouver Sun. Canada. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=c942370c-cdbb-43b2-af59-71ad4b546854">the original</a> on 14 May 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Vancouver+Sun&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+creator+likely+%27spinning+in+her+grave%27&rft.date=2008-05-11&rft.au=Louisa+Taylor%2C+Canwest+News+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.com%2Fvancouversun%2Fnews%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3Dc942370c-cdbb-43b2-af59-71ad4b546854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vote274-28"><a href="#cite_ref-vote274_28-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/vote.xpd?vote=h2008-274">House Vote No. 274 (7 May 2008)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081122220858/http://www.govtrack.us/congress/vote.xpd?vote=h2008-274">Archived</a> 22 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> H. Res. 1113: Celebrating the role of mothers in the United States and supporting the goals and ideals of Mother's Day (Vote On Passage) </li> <li id="cite_note-vote275-29"><a href="#cite_ref-vote275_29-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/vote.xpd?vote=h2008-275">House Vote No. 275 (7 May 2008)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081122104652/http://www.govtrack.us/congress/vote.xpd?vote=h2008-275">Archived</a> 22 November 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Table Motion to Reconsider: H RES 1113 Celebrating the role of mothers in the United States and supporting the goals and ideals of Mother's Day </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Presidential proclamations from The American Presidency Project: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=14859">71 – Proclamation 2083 – Mother's Day Proclamation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>, 3 May 1934.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=24097">Proclamation 3535 Mother's Day, 1963</a> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, 26 April 1963.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=75197">Proclamation 3583 – Mother's Day, 1964</a> <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a>, 23 April 1964</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=834">Proclamation 4437 – Mother's Day, 1976</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a>, 5 May 1976.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1988/042688c.htm">Proclamation 5801 – Mother's Day, 1988</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924111822/http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1988/042688c.htm">Archived</a> 24 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, 26 April 1988.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=1845">Proclamation 6133 – Mother's Day, 1990</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George Bush</a>, 10 May 1990</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=62428">Proclamation 6559 – Mother's Day, 1993</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, 7 May 1993.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=77285">Proclamation 8253 – Mother's Day, 2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, 8 May 2008.</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_31-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/holydays/motheringsunday_1.shtml">Mothering Sunday</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, retrieved 4 March 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mothering+Sunday&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fchristianity%2Fholydays%2Fmotheringsunday_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbaughChafetz2000" class="citation book cs1">Ebaugh, Helen Rose; Chafetz, Janet Saltzman (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AT57AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA357">Religion & the New Immigrants: Continuities & Adaptations in Immigrant Congregations</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">AltaMira Press</a>. p. 357. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0742503909" title="Special:BookSources/0742503909"><bdi>0742503909</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+%26+the+New+Immigrants%3A+Continuities+%26+Adaptations+in+Immigrant+Congregations&rft.pages=357&rft.pub=AltaMira+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0742503909&rft.aulast=Ebaugh&rft.aufirst=Helen+Rose&rft.au=Chafetz%2C+Janet+Saltzman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAT57AAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA357&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bolivia-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bolivia_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bolivia_33-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bolivia_33-2">c</a> Sources for Bolivia: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090611082715/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/vida-y-futuro/20090527/27-de-mayo-madres-que-inspiran-valentia_10890_17707.html">"27 de mayo: madres que inspiran valentía"</a>. Los Tiempos (in Spanish). 27 May 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/vida-y-futuro/20090527/27-de-mayo-madres-que-inspiran-valentia_10890_17707.html">the original</a> on 11 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Tiempos&rft.atitle=27+de+mayo%3A+madres+que+inspiran+valent%C3%ADa&rft.date=2009-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lostiempos.com%2Fdiario%2Factualidad%2Fvida-y-futuro%2F20090527%2F27-de-mayo-madres-que-inspiran-valentia_10890_17707.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081105112424/http://www.la-razon.com/versiones/20060527_005554/nota_250_291138.htm">"El Día de la Madre se nutre con la Virgen"</a>, La Razón (La Paz) (in Spanish), 27 May 2006, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la-razon.com/versiones/20060527_005554/nota_250_291138.htm">the original</a> on 5 November 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Raz%C3%B3n+%28La+Paz%29&rft.atitle=El+D%C3%ADa+de+la+Madre+se+nutre+con+la+Virgen&rft.date=2006-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.la-razon.com%2Fversiones%2F20060527_005554%2Fnota_250_291138.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-saunders-34"><a href="#cite_ref-saunders_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_A._SaundersVlad_Strukov2010" class="citation cs2">Robert A. Saunders; Vlad Strukov (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l_uAoNJiOMwC&pg=PA246">Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation</a>, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, Historical dictionaries of French history, vol. 78 (illustrated ed.), Scarecrow Press, p. 246, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0810854758" title="Special:BookSources/978-0810854758"><bdi>978-0810854758</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Russian+Federation&rft.series=Historical+Dictionaries+of+Europe%2C+Historical+dictionaries+of+French+history&rft.pages=246&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0810854758&rft.au=Robert+A.+Saunders&rft.au=Vlad+Strukov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl_uAoNJiOMwC%26pg%3DPA246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.internationalwomensday.com/About">"About International Women's Day"</a>. 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Retrieved 7 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Celebrating+Mother%27s+Day%3F+Make+Sure+You+Have+The+Date+Right&rft.date=2016-05-07&rft.aulast=Zhai&rft.aufirst=Yun+Tan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2016%2F05%2F07%2F477021606%2Fcelebrating-mothers-day-make-sure-you-have-the-date-right&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nepalname-60"><a href="#cite_ref-nepalname_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160507153153/http://myrepublica.com/society/story/41801/mata-tirtha-aunsi-today.html">"Mata Tirtha Aunsi today"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_(Nepalese_newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="República (Nepalese newspaper)">República</a>. 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Cambridge University Press. p. 423. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/052142397X" title="Special:BookSources/052142397X"><bdi>052142397X</bdi></a>. 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Daily New Hungary. 5 May 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+New+Hungary&rft.atitle=The+origins+and+traditions+of+Mother%27s+Day+%E2%80%93+Hungarian+mothers+run+the+world&rft.date=2019-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailynewshungary.com%2Fthe-origins-and-traditions-of-mothers-day-hungarian-mothers-run-the-world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKolba2019" class="citation web cs1">Kolba, Gergely (5 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailynewshungary.com/the-origins-and-traditions-of-mothers-day-hungarian-mothers-run-the-world/">"The origins & traditions of Mother's Day – Hungarian mothers run the world"</a>. dailynewshungary.com. Retrieved 9 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dailynewshungary.com&rft.atitle=The+origins+%26+traditions+of+Mother%27s+Day+%E2%80%93+Hungarian+mothers+run+the+world&rft.date=2019-05-05&rft.aulast=Kolba&rft.aufirst=Gergely&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailynewshungary.com%2Fthe-origins-and-traditions-of-mothers-day-hungarian-mothers-run-the-world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717014330/https://www.hungarianpod101.com/blog/2019/05/02/mothers-day/">"How to Celebrate Mother's Day in Hungary"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hungarianpod101.com/blog/2019/05/02/mothers-day/">the original</a> on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Celebrate+Mother%27s+Day+in+Hungary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hungarianpod101.com%2Fblog%2F2019%2F05%2F02%2Fmothers-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTTN2004" class="citation web cs1">TTN (13 March 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Social-change-in-India-discussed/articleshow/557910.cms">"Social change in India discussed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121027142535/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-03-13/lucknow/28330092_1_globalisation-tribals-discussion">Archived</a> from the original on 27 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Social+change+in+India+discussed&rft.date=2004-03-13&rft.au=TTN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Flucknow%2FSocial-change-in-India-discussed%2Farticleshow%2F557910.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/life-style/mothers-day-2019-date-when-is-mothers-day-in-india-2019-5716402/">"Mother's Day 2019 Date: When is mother's day in India 2019?"</a>. The Indian Express. 10 May 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+2019+Date%3A+When+is+mother%27s+day+in+India+2019%3F&rft.date=2019-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Flifestyle%2Flife-style%2Fmothers-day-2019-date-when-is-mothers-day-in-india-2019-5716402%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/parenting/moments/mothers-day-kab-hai-when-is-mothers-day-2019-date-significance-history-and-importance-of-mothers-day/articleshow/69250764.cms">"When is Mother's Day 2019? Date, Significance, History and Importance of Mother's Day"</a>. The Times of India. 10 May 2019. Retrieved 11 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=When+is+Mother%27s+Day+2019%3F+Date%2C+Significance%2C+History+and+Importance+of+Mother%27s+Day&rft.date=2019-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Flife-style%2Fparenting%2Fmoments%2Fmothers-day-kab-hai-when-is-mothers-day-2019-date-significance-history-and-importance-of-mothers-day%2Farticleshow%2F69250764.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoctor2019" class="citation news cs1">Doctor, Vikram (11 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/retail/why-retailers-love-mothers-so-much/articleshow/69274695.cms">"Why retailers love mothers so much"</a>. The Economic Times. Retrieved 11 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Why+retailers+love+mothers+so+much&rft.date=2019-05-11&rft.aulast=Doctor&rft.aufirst=Vikram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Findustry%2Fservices%2Fretail%2Fwhy-retailers-love-mothers-so-much%2Farticleshow%2F69274695.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wardhani-111"><a href="#cite_ref-wardhani_111-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWardhani,_Lynda_K.2010" class="citation web cs1">Wardhani, Lynda K. (22 December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/12/22/in-observance-mother's-day.html">"In observance of Mother's Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Jakarta_Post" title="The Jakarta Post">The Jakarta Post</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jakarta+Post&rft.atitle=In+observance+of+Mother%27s+Day&rft.date=2010-12-22&rft.au=Wardhani%2C+Lynda+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejakartapost.com%2Fnews%2F2010%2F12%2F22%2Fin-observance-mother%27s-day.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-bulbeck-112">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bulbeck_112-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bulbeck_112-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBulbeck2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chilla_Bulbeck" title="Chilla Bulbeck">Bulbeck, Chilla</a> (2009). Sex, love and feminism in the Asia Pacific: a cross-cultural study of young people's attitudes. ASAA women in Asia. London New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415470063" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415470063"><bdi>978-0415470063</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sex%2C+love+and+feminism+in+the+Asia+Pacific%3A+a+cross-cultural+study+of+young+people%27s+attitudes&rft.place=London+New+York&rft.series=ASAA+women+in+Asia&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0415470063&rft.aulast=Bulbeck&rft.aufirst=Chilla&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=chqofjVED54C&dq=mother's+day+indonesia&pg=PA94">Preview.</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-robinson-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-robinson_113-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-robinson_113-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-robinson_113-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKathryn_Robinson2009" class="citation cs2">Kathryn Robinson (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V9OBgXw7m1kC&pg=PA36">Gender, Islam and Democracy in Indonesia</a>, ASAA women in Asia, Routledge, pp. 3, 36, 44, 72, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134118830" title="Special:BookSources/9781134118830"><bdi>9781134118830</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gender%2C+Islam+and+Democracy+in+Indonesia&rft.series=ASAA+women+in+Asia&rft.pages=3%2C+36%2C+44%2C+72&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781134118830&rft.au=Kathryn+Robinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV9OBgXw7m1kC%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iranpresident-114"><a href="#cite_ref-iranpresident_114-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090516000919/http://www.president.ir/en/print.php?ArtID=10405">"Ahmadinejad highlights women's significant role in society"</a>. Presidency of The Islamic Republic of Iran News Service. 24 June 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.ir/en/print.php?ArtID=10405">the original</a> on 16 May 2009. Retrieved 19 July 2008. <q>(...) the occasion of the Mother's Day marking the birthday anniversary of <a href="/wiki/Fatimah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatimah">Hazrat Fatemeh Zahra</a> (SA), the beloved daughter of Prophet <a href="/wiki/Mohammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad">Mohammad</a>. The day fell on 23 June [2008]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ahmadinejad+highlights+women%27s+significant+role+in+society&rft.pub=Presidency+of+The+Islamic+Republic+of+Iran+News+Service&rft.date=2008-06-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.ir%2Fen%2Fprint.php%3FArtID%3D10405&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-haeri1-115"><a href="#cite_ref-haeri1_115-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShahla_Haeri1993" class="citation book cs1">Shahla Haeri (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FoF5jCEepGkC&pg=PA197">"Obedience versus Autonomy: Women and Fundamentalism in Iran and Pakistan"</a>. In Martin E. Marty; R. Scott Appleby; Helen Hardacre; Everett Mendelsohn (eds.). Fundamentalisms and Society: Reclaiming the Sciences, the Family, and Education. The Fundamentalism Project. Vol. 2 (2 ed.). University of Chicago Press. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0226508801" title="Special:BookSources/978-0226508801"><bdi>978-0226508801</bdi></a>. <q>The more women try to engage the fundamentalists in their own discourse, negotiating and bargaining over their rights (Islamic or otherwise), the more frequently has the Islamic regime emphasized the ideal, the Fatimah model, the quintessential obedient woman. The fundamentalist regime in Iran has yet to resolve its central dilemma regarding the role of women and male-female relationships: should women emulate a Zainab – autonomous and assertive – or a Fatimah – obedient and submissive? Given the logic of an Islamic marriage and the worldview it implies, the fundamentalist regime has shown a marked preference for the latter. Thus Woman's Day and Mother's Day in Iran are celebrated on the occasion of Fatimah's birth.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Obedience+versus+Autonomy%3A+Women+and+Fundamentalism+in+Iran+and+Pakistan&rft.btitle=Fundamentalisms+and+Society%3A+Reclaiming+the+Sciences%2C+the+Family%2C+and+Education&rft.series=The+Fundamentalism+Project&rft.pages=197&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0226508801&rft.au=Shahla+Haeri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFoF5jCEepGkC%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sabet-116">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sabet_116-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sabet_116-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiroozeh_Kashani-Sabet2011" class="citation cs2">Firoozeh Kashani-Sabet (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xbbT0Rsc6EMC&pg=PA202">Conceiving Citizens: Women and the Politics of Motherhood in Iran</a> (illustrated ed.), Oxford University Press, pp. 201–206, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195308860" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195308860"><bdi>978-0195308860</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conceiving+Citizens%3A+Women+and+the+Politics+of+Motherhood+in+Iran&rft.pages=201-206&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0195308860&rft.au=Firoozeh+Kashani-Sabet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxbbT0Rsc6EMC%26pg%3DPA202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-haeri2-117"><a href="#cite_ref-haeri2_117-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShahla_Haeri2009" class="citation cs2">Shahla Haeri (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KTou9VwtQfkC&pg=PA137">"Women, Religion, and Political Agency in Iran"</a>, in Ali Gheissari (ed.), Contemporary Iran:Economy, Society (illustrated ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 137, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195378481" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195378481"><bdi>978-0195378481</bdi></a>, <q>Such [feminist] gatherings would not have been so remarkable had they not happened against the backdrop of the regime's ceaseless effort to discourage, even harass, women activists and their supporters. Within the narrative of Islamization, the state's argument has been, all along, that such gatherings are representative of the culture of imperialism, and hence are subversive and against the public good and the moral order. Above all, the Islamic State has tried hard to co-opt women by appropriating the terminology and language: "protecting women," "respect for women," "gender complementarity." Accordingly, in order to accommodate, and yet control and channel women's movements and activities, the state commemorates the birthday of Fatemeh, the Prophet Muhammad's daughter, as a national woman's/mother's day.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Women%2C+Religion%2C+and+Political+Agency+in+Iran&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Iran%3AEconomy%2C+Society&rft.pages=137&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0195378481&rft.au=Shahla+Haeri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKTou9VwtQfkC%26pg%3DPA137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMahdi,_Ali_Akbar2003" class="citation book cs1">Mahdi, Ali Akbar (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060901182436/http://go.owu.edu/~aamahdi/globalization-final.doc">"Iranian Women: Between Islamization and Globalization"</a>. Iran Encountering Globalization: Problems and Prospects. Ali Mohammadi. London and New York: Routledge/Curzon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-30827-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-30827-4"><bdi>978-0-415-30827-4</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.owu.edu/~aamahdi/globalization-final.doc">the original</a> (DOC) on 1 September 2006. <q>This Shia vision of family is based on a nostalgic and idealistic notion of Imam Ali's family in which Fatima Zahra (the Prophet Mohammad's daughter) dedicated herself to both her husband and Islamic cause. Other role models for women often cited by the officials and ideologues of the IRI are Khadijah, the prophet Mohammad's wife, and Zaynab, daughter of the first Shi'i (sic) Imam Ali. In fact, the IRI [Islamic Republic of Iran] replaced the universal Mother's Day with Fatima Zahar's (sic) birthday.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Iranian+Women%3A+Between+Islamization+and+Globalization&rft.btitle=Iran+Encountering+Globalization%3A+Problems+and+Prospects&rft.pub=Ali+Mohammadi.+London+and+New+York%3A+Routledge%2FCurzon&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-30827-4&rft.au=Mahdi%2C+Ali+Akbar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.owu.edu%2F~aamahdi%2Fglobalization-final.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ias.edu/ideas/2016/ansari-shiite-women">"The Shiite Interpretation of the Status of Women"</a>. Institute for Advanced Study. Retrieved 11 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Institute+for+Advanced+Study&rft.atitle=The+Shiite+Interpretation+of+the+Status+of+Women&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ias.edu%2Fideas%2F2016%2Fansari-shiite-women&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishcentral.com/news/how-to-have-an-irish-mothers-day-237641581.html">"How to have an Irish Mother's Day"</a>. IrishCentral.com. 12 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IrishCentral.com&rft.atitle=How+to+have+an+Irish+Mother%27s+Day&rft.date=2019-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishcentral.com%2Fnews%2Fhow-to-have-an-irish-mothers-day-237641581.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mothers-day.site/when-is-mothers-day/in-ireland.html">"When is Mother's Day 2020 in Ireland?"</a>. mothers-day.site.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mothers-day.site&rft.atitle=When+is+Mother%27s+Day+2020+in+Ireland%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mothers-day.site%2Fwhen-is-mothers-day%2Fin-ireland.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discoveringireland.com/mothers-day-in-ireland/">"Mother's Day in Ireland"</a>. discoveringireland.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=discoveringireland.com&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+in+Ireland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoveringireland.com%2Fmothers-day-in-ireland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_CegliaDibattista2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">de Ceglia, F. P.; Dibattista, L. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0SCeAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA102">Il bello della scienza. Intersezioni tra storia, scienza e arte</a> (in Italian). Milan: Angeli. p. 102. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8856849530" title="Special:BookSources/978-8856849530"><bdi>978-8856849530</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Il+bello+della+scienza.+Intersezioni+tra+storia%2C+scienza+e+arte&rft.place=Milan&rft.pages=102&rft.pub=Angeli&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-8856849530&rft.aulast=de+Ceglia&rft.aufirst=F.+P.&rft.au=Dibattista%2C+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0SCeAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous2010" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Anonymous (1 April 2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512211910/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2043375061.html">"La Festa DeLLa Mamma"</a>, Italian America (in Italian), archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-2043375061.html">the original</a> on 12 May 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Italian+America&rft.atitle=La+Festa+DeLLa+Mamma&rft.date=2010-04-01&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P3-2043375061.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> (registration required) </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> Raul Zaccari – together with Senators Bellisario, Baldini, Restagno, Piasenti, Benedetti and Zannini. Senato della Repubblica, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senato.it/service/PDF/PDFServer/BGT/434379.pdf">78ª Seduta Pubblica</a>, 18 dicembre 1958. "Istituzione de la festa della Mamma." (Annunzio di presentazione di disegni di legge) </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBologna2018" class="citation web cs1">Bologna, Caroline (9 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/entry/mothers-day-traditions-around-the-world_n_5af0ba91e4b041fd2d29c046">"Mother's Day Traditions Around The World"</a>. huffingtonpost.ca. Retrieved 9 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=huffingtonpost.ca&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+Traditions+Around+The+World&rft.date=2018-05-09&rft.aulast=Bologna&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.ca%2Fentry%2Fmothers-day-traditions-around-the-world_n_5af0ba91e4b041fd2d29c046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFСветлана_Моисеева2013" class="citation web cs1">Светлана Моисеева (17 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vb.kg/228435">"Президент поздравил кыргызстанцев с Днем матери"</a>. Вечерный Бишкек. <q>19 мая народ Кыргызстана отмечает День матери. Эта памятная дата установлена только в прошлом году, но сразу стала для кыргызстанцев одной из любимых.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2+%D1%81+%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8&rft.date=2013-05-17&rft.au=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vb.kg%2F228435&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.internationalwomensday.com/About">"About International Women's Day"</a>. International Women's Day. Retrieved 15 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Women%27s+Day&rft.atitle=About+International+Women%27s+Day&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.internationalwomensday.com%2FAbout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApollo.lv2012" class="citation web cs1">Apollo.lv (13 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120717190029/http://www.apollo.lv/portal/life/articles/274302">"Šodien sveicam Māmiņas!"</a>. Apollo.lv India. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apollo.lv/portal/life/articles/274302">the original</a> on 17 July 2012. <q>Mātes dienu Latvijā sāka svinēt 1922. gadā, bet ar 1934. gadu tika noteikts, ka šī diena svinama katra maija otrajā svētdienā līdzīgi kā citās Eiropas valstīs. 1938. gadā pēc prezidenta Kārļa Ulmaņa ierosinājuma Mātes dienu sāka dēvēt par Ģimenes dienu, uzsverot mātes lielo lomu ģimenes pavarda veidošanā un uzturēšanā.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apollo.lv+India&rft.atitle=%C5%A0odien+sveicam+M%C4%81mi%C5%86as%21&rft.date=2012-05-13&rft.au=Apollo.lv&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apollo.lv%2Fportal%2Flife%2Farticles%2F274302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tvnet.lv/sievietem/veseliba/421417-latvija_atzime_mates_dienu">Latvijā atzīmē Mātes dienu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140330192933/http://www.tvnet.lv/sievietem/veseliba/421417-latvija_atzime_mates_dienu">Archived</a> 30 March 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> TVNET </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190904025833/https://www.latvia.eu/history/national-holidays">"National Holidays"</a>. Latvia.eu. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latvia.eu/history/national-holidays">the original</a> on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Latvia.eu&rft.atitle=National+Holidays&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latvia.eu%2Fhistory%2Fnational-holidays&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-newcomer_133-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_133_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_133_132-1">b</a> Newcomer, p. 133 </li> <li id="cite_note-sherman-133">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sherman_133-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sherman_133-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sherman_133-2">c</a> Sherman, p. 44 </li> <li id="cite_note-newcomer_133–134-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_133–134_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_133–134_134-1">b</a> Newcomer, pp. 133–134 </li> <li id="cite_note-newcomer_134-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_134_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_134_135-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_134_135-2">c</a> Newcomer, p. 134 </li> <li id="cite_note-newcomer_134–135-136"><a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_134–135_136-0">^</a> Newcomer, 134–135 </li> <li id="cite_note-newcomer_135–136-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_135–136_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_135–136_137-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_135–136_137-2">c</a> Newcomer, 135–136 </li> <li id="cite_note-newcomer_136–139-138">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_136–139_138-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-newcomer_136–139_138-1">b</a> Newcomer, 136–139 </li> <li id="cite_note-legacy-139"><a href="#cite_ref-legacy_139-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacyproject.org/guides/mdhistory.html">The History of Mother's Day</a> from The Legacy Project, a Legacy Center (Canada) website </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161011203707/http://www.latintimes.com/mothers-day-2016-date-when-dia-de-la-madre-mexico-other-latin-american-countries-384106">"When Is Mother's Day Celebrated In Mexico?"</a>. 7 May 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latintimes.com/mothers-day-2016-date-when-dia-de-la-madre-mexico-other-latin-american-countries-384106">the original</a> on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=When+Is+Mother%27s+Day+Celebrated+In+Mexico%3F&rft.date=2016-05-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latintimes.com%2Fmothers-day-2016-date-when-dia-de-la-madre-mexico-other-latin-american-countries-384106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2008" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Jennifer Trainer (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LHnp3mJQq1YC&pg=PA68">The Joy of Family Traditions: A Season-by-Season Companion to Celebrations, Holidays, & Special Occasions</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ten_Speed_Press" title="Ten Speed Press">Celestial Arts</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1587611148" title="Special:BookSources/978-1587611148"><bdi>978-1587611148</bdi></a>. Retrieved 10 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Joy+of+Family+Traditions%3A+A+Season-by-Season+Companion+to+Celebrations%2C+Holidays%2C+%26+Special+Occasions&rft.pub=Celestial+Arts&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1587611148&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+Trainer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLHnp3mJQq1YC%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFဘီဘီစီ2011" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">ဘီဘီစီ (18 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/burmese/burma/2011/01/110119_mothers_day">"မြန်မာနိုင်ငံမှာ အမေများနေ့ ကျင်းပ"</a> [Mothers' day is held in Myanmar.]. BBC Myanmar (in Burmese). Retrieved 19 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Myanmar&rft.atitle=%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC+%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7+%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95&rft.date=2011-01-18&rft.au=%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fburmese%2Fburma%2F2011%2F01%2F110119_mothers_day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYee_Mon2016" class="citation web cs1">Yee Mon (27 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804021430/https://yangonlife.com.mm/en/article/myanmar-mothers-day-review">"Myanmar Mother's Day Review"</a>. Yangon Life. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yangonlife.com.mm/en/article/myanmar-mothers-day-review">the original</a> on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yangon+Life&rft.atitle=Myanmar+Mother%27s+Day+Review&rft.date=2016-01-27&rft.au=Yee+Mon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyangonlife.com.mm%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fmyanmar-mothers-day-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_New_Light_of_Myanmar2019" class="citation web cs1">The New Light of Myanmar (5 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uzo.sakura.ne.jp/burma/nlm/nlm_data/nlm_2000/nlm_10_2000/N001027.htm">"Yangon University confers Doctor of Letters on Reactor Sayadaw of International Theravada Buddhist Missionary University, Sayagyi U Thukha"</a>. Retrieved 18 May 2020. <q>Because of his organization, the Fullmoon Day of Pyatho has been observed as Mothers" Day since 1997.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yangon+University+confers+Doctor+of+Letters+on+Reactor+Sayadaw+of+International+Theravada+Buddhist+Missionary+University%2C+Sayagyi+U+Thukha&rft.date=2019-01-05&rft.au=The+New+Light+of+Myanmar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuzo.sakura.ne.jp%2Fburma%2Fnlm%2Fnlm_data%2Fnlm_2000%2Fnlm_10_2000%2FN001027.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFမုဒိတာ_(တောင်သာ)2019" class="citation web cs1">မုဒိတာ (တောင်သာ) (5 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805084456/https://www.mdn.gov.mm/my/paasiulpnny-amemaane">"ပြာသိုလပြည့် အမေများနေ့"</a> [Mothers' day, the full moon of Pyatho.]. Myanmar Digital News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mdn.gov.mm/my/paasiulpnny-amemaane">the original</a> on 5 August 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Myanmar+Digital+News&rft.atitle=%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA+%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7&rft.date=2019-01-05&rft.au=%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC+%28%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdn.gov.mm%2Fmy%2Fpaasiulpnny-amemaane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HeestermanHoek1992-146"><a href="#cite_ref-HeestermanHoek1992_146-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._C._HeestermanAlbert_W._Van_den_HoekDirk_H._A._KolffMarianne_S._Oort1992" class="citation book cs1">J. C. Heesterman; Albert W. Van den Hoek; <a href="/wiki/Dirk_H._A._Kolff" title="Dirk H. A. Kolff">Dirk H. A. Kolff</a>; Marianne S. Oort (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EtwtSZwyWpgC&pg=PA786">Ritual, State, and History in South Asia: Essays in Honour of J.C. Heesterman</a>. Brill. p. 786. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-09467-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-09467-3"><bdi>978-90-04-09467-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ritual%2C+State%2C+and+History+in+South+Asia%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+J.C.+Heesterman&rft.pages=786&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09467-3&rft.au=J.+C.+Heesterman&rft.au=Albert+W.+Van+den+Hoek&rft.au=Dirk+H.+A.+Kolff&rft.au=Marianne+S.+Oort&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEtwtSZwyWpgC%26pg%3DPA786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 206 </li> <li id="cite_note-helsloot_208-148">^ <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_208_148-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_208_148-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_208_148-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 208 </li> <li id="cite_note-helsloot_209-149">^ <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_209_149-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_209_149-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_209_149-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 209 </li> <li id="cite_note-helsloot_210-150">^ <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_210_150-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_210_150-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 210 </li> <li id="cite_note-helsloot_213-151"><a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_213_151-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 213 </li> <li id="cite_note-helsloot_211-152"><a href="#cite_ref-helsloot_211_152-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHelsloot2007">Helsloot 2007</a>, p. 211 </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/life-style/tempo/407983/The-history-of-mothers-day">"The history of mother's day"</a>. 31 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+history+of+mother%27s+day&rft.date=2009-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fwaikato-times%2Flife-style%2Ftempo%2F407983%2FThe-history-of-mothers-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.transparent.com/norwegian/mothers-day-in-norway/">"Mother's Day in Norway"</a>. 11 May 2010. Retrieved 26 May 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mother%27s+Day+in+Norway&rft.date=2010-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.transparent.com%2Fnorwegian%2Fmothers-day-in-norway%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arynews.tv/en/mothers-day-being-observed-today/">"World marks Mother's Day with Utmost Love, Respect"</a>. ARY News. 17 May 2016. Retrieved 12 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ARY+News&rft.atitle=World+marks+Mother%27s+Day+with+Utmost+Love%2C+Respect&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farynews.tv%2Fen%2Fmothers-day-being-observed-today%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenny_de_Henríquez2005" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Penny de Henríquez (9 December 2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110505063609/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2005/12/09/hoy/opinion/427577.html">"Origins. La celebración del Día de la Madre"</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Prensa_(Panama_City)" title="La Prensa (Panama City)">La Prensa</a> (in Spanish), archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2005/12/09/hoy/opinion/427577.html">the original</a> on 5 May 2011, retrieved 4 March 2010</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Prensa&rft.atitle=Origins.+La+celebraci%C3%B3n+del+D%C3%ADa+de+la+Madre&rft.date=2005-12-09&rft.au=Penny+de+Henr%C3%ADquez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmensual.prensa.com%2Fmensual%2Fcontenido%2F2005%2F12%2F09%2Fhoy%2Fopinion%2F427577.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.congreso.gov.py/senadores/archivos/diarios/341S-13.doc">Session of the Honorable Cámara de Senadores. Señor Senador Diego Abente Brun</a> (in Spanish), p. 25</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Session+of+the+Honorable+C%C3%A1mara+de+Senadores.+Se%C3%B1or+Senador+Diego+Abente+Brun&rft.pages=25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.congreso.gov.py%2Fsenadores%2Farchivos%2Fdiarios%2F341S-13.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-paraguay2-158">^ <a href="#cite_ref-paraguay2_158-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-paraguay2_158-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radioviva.com.py/articulo.php?ID=2478">"Buscan que se cambie fecha del día de la madre"</a>, Radio Viva 90.1 FM Paraguay, 14 May 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Viva+90.1+FM+Paraguay&rft.atitle=Buscan+que+se+cambie+fecha+del+d%C3%ADa+de+la+madre&rft.date=2008-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radioviva.com.py%2Farticulo.php%3FID%3D2478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunicipality_of_Asuncion2008" class="citation cs2">Municipality of <a href="/wiki/Asuncion" class="mw-redirect" title="Asuncion">Asuncion</a> (27 July 2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090510082053/http://www.mca.gov.py/noticias/270808_2.htm">Hoy miércoles 27 de agosto se inician las acciones de la Comisión de Festejos por el Bicentenario, con una retreta en la Plaza de los Héroes</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mca.gov.py/noticias/270808_2.htm">the original</a> on 10 May 2009</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hoy+mi%C3%A9rcoles+27+de+agosto+se+inician+las+acciones+de+la+Comisi%C3%B3n+de+Festejos+por+el+Bicentenario%2C+con+una+retreta+en+la+Plaza+de+los+H%C3%A9roes&rft.date=2008-07-27&rft.au=Municipality+of+Asuncion&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mca.gov.py%2Fnoticias%2F270808_2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-proclamation1998-160">^ <a href="#cite_ref-proclamation1998_160-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-proclamation1998_160-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170623101315/http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1998/12/11/proclamation-no-58-s-1998/">"Proclamation No. 58, s. 1998"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Official_Gazette_(Philippines)" title="Official Gazette (Philippines)">Official Gazette</a>. 11 December 1998. 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Retrieved 1 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Official+Gazette&rft.atitle=Proclamation+No.+58%2C+s.+1998&rft.date=1998-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.officialgazette.gov.ph%2F1998%2F12%2F11%2Fproclamation-no-58-s-1998%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFContent_Manager_032014" class="citation web cs1">Content Manager 03 (1 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012108/http://malacanang.gov.ph/74663-the-first-monday-of-december-is-mothers-day-and-fathers-day/">"The First Monday of December is Mother's Day and Father's Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacañan Palace">Malacañan Palace</a> (official residence of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a>). 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Retrieved 6 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nordstjernan.com&rft.atitle=Unique+page+title&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnordstjernan.com%2Fnews%2Ftraditions%2F5542%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-VÄRLDENS_HISTORIA_2023_w007-170"><a href="#cite_ref-VÄRLDENS_HISTORIA_2023_w007_170-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://varldenshistoria.se/samhalle/traditioner/mors-dag-nar-ar-det-mors-dag">"Mors dag 2023: När är det mors dag?"</a>. VÄRLDENS HISTORIA (in Swedish). 28 May 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=V%C3%84RLDENS+HISTORIA&rft.atitle=Mors+dag+2023%3A+N%C3%A4r+%C3%A4r+det+mors+dag%3F&rft.date=2023-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvarldenshistoria.se%2Fsamhalle%2Ftraditioner%2Fmors-dag-nar-ar-det-mors-dag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleurop-Interflora_(Suisse)2008" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fleurop-Interflora (Suisse) (22 April 2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presseportal.ch/fr/print.htx?nr=100559568">La Fête des Mères 2008 ne sera pas reportée</a> (in French)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+F%C3%AAte+des+M%C3%A8res+2008+ne+sera+pas+report%C3%A9e&rft.date=2008-04-22&rft.au=Fleurop-Interflora+%28Suisse%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presseportal.ch%2Ffr%2Fprint.htx%3Fnr%3D100559568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamaron_Kao2012" class="citation cs2">Camaron Kao (14 May 2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616030705/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2012/05/14/341025/Thousands-of.htm">"Thousands of believers mark Buddha's birthday"</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Post" title="China Post">China Post</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2012/05/14/341025/Thousands-of.htm">the original</a> on 16 June 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Post&rft.atitle=Thousands+of+believers+mark+Buddha%27s+birthday&rft.date=2012-05-14&rft.au=Camaron+Kao&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinapost.com.tw%2Ftaiwan%2Fnational%2Fnational-news%2F2012%2F05%2F14%2F341025%2FThousands-of.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKo_Shu-Ling2011" class="citation web cs1">Ko Shu-Ling (9 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2011/05/09/2003502765">"Sakyamuni Buddha birthday celebrated"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a>. <q>The legislature approved a proposal in 1999 to designate the birthday of Sakyamuni Buddha – which falls on the eighth day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar – a national holiday and to celebrate the special occasion concurrently with International Mother's Day, which is celebrated on the second Sunday of May.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Sakyamuni+Buddha+birthday+celebrated&rft.date=2011-05-09&rft.au=Ko+Shu-Ling&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ffront%2Farchives%2F2011%2F05%2F09%2F2003502765&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120523022231/http://www.tzuchi.org.sg/eng/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1340:300000-attend-buddha-day-ceremonies-in-34-countries&catid=120:2012-news&Itemid=595">"300,000 Attend Buddha Day Ceremonies in 34 Countries"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tzu_Chi" title="Tzu Chi">Tzu Chi</a>. 15 May 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tzuchi.org.sg/eng/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1340:300000-attend-buddha-day-ceremonies-in-34-countries&catid=120:2012-news&Itemid=595">the original</a> on 23 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=300%2C000+Attend+Buddha+Day+Ceremonies+in+34+Countries&rft.pub=Tzu+Chi&rft.date=2012-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tzuchi.org.sg%2Feng%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D1340%3A300000-attend-buddha-day-ceremonies-in-34-countries%26catid%3D120%3A2012-news%26Itemid%3D595&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2008/05/04/2003411015">"Tzu Chi Foundation to stage Mother's Day event"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a>, 4 May 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Tzu+Chi+Foundation+to+stage+Mother%27s+Day+event&rft.date=2008-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2008%2F05%2F04%2F2003411015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaroline_Hong2004" class="citation cs2">Caroline Hong (23 May 2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2004/05/23/2003156619">"Cultural center performs 'bathing Buddha' ceremony"</a>, Taipei Times</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Cultural+center+performs+%27bathing+Buddha%27+ceremony&rft.date=2004-05-23&rft.au=Caroline+Hong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2004%2F05%2F23%2F2003156619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFunsigned2006" class="citation cs2">unsigned (15 May 2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2006/05/15/2003308272">"Taiwan Quick Take: Tzu Chi celebrates birthday"</a>, Taipei Times, p. 3</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Taiwan+Quick+Take%3A+Tzu+Chi+celebrates+birthday&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2006-05-15&rft.au=unsigned&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2006%2F05%2F15%2F2003308272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723203602/http://enews.mcot.net/view.php?id=11235">"Police chief returns earlier for Mother's Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MCOT" title="MCOT">MCOT</a> news. Thai News Agency. 10 August 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enews.mcot.net/view.php?id=11235">the original</a> on 23 July 2011. <q>(...) an audience with Her Majesty Queen Sirikit on Tuesday on the occasion of her birthday, which is also observed as National Mother's Day.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MCOT+news&rft.atitle=Police+chief+returns+earlier+for+Mother%27s+Day&rft.date=2012-08-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenews.mcot.net%2Fview.php%3Fid%3D11235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHandwerk2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Handwerk, Brian (9 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140510211603/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/05/140508-mothers-day-nation-gifts-facts-culture-moms/">"Mother's Day Turns 100: Its Surprisingly Dark History"</a>. National Geographic. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/05/140508-mothers-day-nation-gifts-facts-culture-moms/">the original</a> on 10 May 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day+Turns+100%3A+Its+Surprisingly+Dark+History&rft.date=2014-05-09&rft.aulast=Handwerk&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2F2014%2F05%2F140508-mothers-day-nation-gifts-facts-culture-moms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-handley-180">^ <a href="#cite_ref-handley_180-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-handley_180-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_M._Handley2006" class="citation book cs1">Paul M. Handley (2006). <a href="/wiki/The_King_Never_Smiles" title="The King Never Smiles">The King Never Smiles: a biography of Thailand's Bhumibol Adulyadej</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. p. 288. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300106824" title="Special:BookSources/9780300106824"><bdi>9780300106824</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+King+Never+Smiles%3A+a+biography+of+Thailand%27s+Bhumibol+Adulyadej&rft.pages=288&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780300106824&rft.au=Paul+M.+Handley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=d75WYMdp8-0C&dq=Sirikit+mother%27s+day&pg=PA288">online version</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/489/99">"Украз Президента України. Про День Матері"</a> (in Ukrainian). zakon2.rada.gov.ua.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8.+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96&rft.pub=zakon2.rada.gov.ua&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzakon2.rada.gov.ua%2Flaws%2Fshow%2F489%2F99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/17343360">"Mother's Day: When is it celebrated and where did it come from?"</a>. BBC. 14 March 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day%3A+When+is+it+celebrated+and+where+did+it+come+from%3F&rft.date=2021-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnewsround%2F17343360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHigdon1972" class="citation journal cs1">Higdon, David Leon (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/openview/950908498b6f12eb4101e772a0c0e480/">"The Wife of Bath and Refreshment Sunday"</a>. Papers on Language and Literature. 8 (2): 199–201.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Papers+on+Language+and+Literature&rft.atitle=The+Wife+of+Bath+and+Refreshment+Sunday&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=199-201&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Higdon&rft.aufirst=David+Leon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fopenview%2F950908498b6f12eb4101e772a0c0e480%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-virginia-184"><a href="#cite_ref-virginia_184-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernhard2002" class="citation book cs1">Bernhard, Virginia (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z55xx8_P08UC&pg=PT714">"Mother's Day"</a>. In Joseph M. Hawes; Elizabeth F. Shores (eds.). The family in America: an encyclopedia (3, illustrated ed.). <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. p. 714. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1576072325" title="Special:BookSources/978-1576072325"><bdi>978-1576072325</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mother%27s+Day&rft.btitle=The+family+in+America%3A+an+encyclopedia&rft.pages=714&rft.edition=3%2C+illustrated&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1576072325&rft.aulast=Bernhard&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz55xx8_P08UC%26pg%3DPT714&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> Barbara Mikkelson, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snopes.com/holidays/fathersday/collect.asp">We love you – call collect</a>". Snopes.com. Retrieved 2010.03.08. </li> <li id="cite_note-Churchgoing-186"><a href="#cite_ref-Churchgoing_186-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._Ellsworth_Kalas2009" class="citation book cs1">J. Ellsworth Kalas (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QQpXwIt3ihAC&q=%22third+only+to+Christmas+Eve+and+Easter%22&pg=PA76">Preaching the Calendar: Celebrating Holidays and Holy Days</a>. <a href="/wiki/Westminster_John_Knox_Press" title="Westminster John Knox Press">Westminster John Knox Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0664227142" title="Special:BookSources/978-0664227142"><bdi>978-0664227142</bdi></a>. <q>Church attendance on this day is likely to be third only to Christmas Eve and Easter. Some worshipers still celebrate with carnations, colored if the mother is living and white if she is deceased.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Preaching+the+Calendar%3A+Celebrating+Holidays+and+Holy+Days&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0664227142&rft.au=J.+Ellsworth+Kalas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQQpXwIt3ihAC%26q%3D%2522third%2Bonly%2Bto%2BChristmas%2BEve%2Band%2BEaster%2522%26pg%3DPA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170627080205/http://www.restaurant.org/Pressroom/Press-Releases/Mother-s-Day-Dining-Fact-Sheet">"Mother's Day Dining Fact Sheet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Restaurant_Association" title="National Restaurant Association">National Restaurant Association</a>. 28 April 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.restaurant.org/Pressroom/Press-Releases/Mother-s-Day-Dining-Fact-Sheet">the original</a> on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 29 December 2018. <q>Mother's Day is the most popular day of the year to dine out, with 38 percent of consumers reporting doing so</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mother%27s+Day+Dining+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=National+Restaurant+Association&rft.date=2006-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.restaurant.org%2FPressroom%2FPress-Releases%2FMother-s-Day-Dining-Fact-Sheet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> Leigh, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=maF8mTPsJqsC&q=mother%27s+day&pg=PA256">256</a> </li> </ol></div></div> General <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmidt,_Leigh_Eric1997" class="citation book cs1">Schmidt, Leigh Eric (1997). <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=maF8mTPsJqsC">Consumer Rites: The Buying and Selling of American Holidays</a> (reprint, illustrated ed.). Princeton University Press. pp. 256–275. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01721-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-01721-1"><bdi>978-0-691-01721-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Consumer+Rites%3A+The+Buying+and+Selling+of+American+Holidays&rft.pages=256-275&rft.edition=reprint%2C+illustrated&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-691-01721-1&rft.au=Schmidt%2C+Leigh+Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmaF8mTPsJqsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarossa,_Ralph1997" class="citation book cs1">Larossa, Ralph (1997). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernizationoff00laro">The Modernization of Fatherhood: A Social and Political History</a> (illustrated ed.). University of Chicago Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernizationoff00laro/page/90">90</a>, 170–192. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-46904-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-46904-1"><bdi>978-0-226-46904-1</bdi></a>. <q>Ann Jarvis OR Anna Jarvis mother's day.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Modernization+of+Fatherhood%3A+A+Social+and+Political+History&rft.pages=90%2C+170-192&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-226-46904-1&rft.au=Larossa%2C+Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmodernizationoff00laro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelsloot2007" class="citation cs2">Helsloot, John (2007), "10. Vernacular Authenticity: Negotiating Mother's Day and Father's Day in the Netherlands", in Margry, Peter Jan; Roodenburg, Herman (eds.), Reframing Dutch Culture: Between Otherness and Authenticity, Progress in European Ethnology (illustrated ed.), <a href="/wiki/Ashgate_Publishing" title="Ashgate Publishing">Ashgate Publishing</a>, pp. 6–7, 203–224, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4705-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4705-8"><bdi>978-0-7546-4705-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=10.+Vernacular+Authenticity%3A+Negotiating+Mother%27s+Day+and+Father%27s+Day+in+the+Netherlands&rft.btitle=Reframing+Dutch+Culture%3A+Between+Otherness+and+Authenticity&rft.series=Progress+in+European+Ethnology&rft.pages=6-7%2C+203-224&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-4705-8&rft.aulast=Helsloot&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewcomer2004" class="citation book cs1">Newcomer, Daniel (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sQlmr7IkvJcC&pg=PA132">Reconciling Modernity: Urban State Formation in 1940s León, Mexico</a> (illustrated ed.). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>. pp. 132–139. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0803233492" title="Special:BookSources/978-0803233492"><bdi>978-0803233492</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reconciling+Modernity%3A+Urban+State+Formation+in+1940s+Le%C3%B3n%2C+Mexico&rft.pages=132-139&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0803233492&rft.aulast=Newcomer&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsQlmr7IkvJcC%26pg%3DPA132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSherman1997" class="citation book cs1">Sherman, John W. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h29VKMtmzzcC&pg=PA44">The Mexican Right: The End of Revolutionary Reform, 1929–1940</a> (illustrated ed.). <a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Publishing_Group" title="Greenwood Publishing Group">Greenwood Publishing Group</a>. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0275957360" title="Special:BookSources/978-0275957360"><bdi>978-0275957360</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mexican+Right%3A+The+End+of+Revolutionary+Reform%2C+1929%E2%80%931940&rft.pages=44&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0275957360&rft.aulast=Sherman&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh29VKMtmzzcC%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMother%27s+Day" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mother%27s_Day" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mother's Day">Mother's Day</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-52589173">Anna Jarvis: The woman who regretted creating Mother's Day</a>, By Vibeke Venema BBC Stories, 10 May 2020.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Algeria" title="Public holidays in Algeria">Holidays, observances, and celebrations in Algeria</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">New Year's Day</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yennayer" title="Yennayer">Yennayer</a> (12)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Valentine's Day</a> (14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring Day">Tafsut</a> (28)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89vian_Accords" title="Évian Accords">Victory Day</a> (19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Water_Day" title="World Water Day">World Water Day</a> (22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blood_Donor_Day" title="World Blood Donor Day">Maghrebi Blood Donation Day</a> (30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_break" title="Spring break">Spring vacation</a> (2 last weeks)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day" title="April Fools' Day">April Fools' Day</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdelhamid_Ben_Badis" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdelhamid Ben Badis">Knowledge Day</a> (16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_Spring" title="Berber Spring">Berber Spring</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Day" title="Earth Day">Earth Day</a> (22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_day" title="Election day">Election Day</a> (Thursday)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">International Workers' Day</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Press_Freedom_Day" title="World Press Freedom Day">World Press Freedom Day</a> (3)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mother's Day</a> (last Sunday)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June–July–August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Summer_vacation" title="Summer vacation">Summer vacation</a> (varies)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Children's Day</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day" title="Father's Day">Father's Day</a> (21)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Algeria)" title="Independence Day (Algeria)">Independence Day</a> (5)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Peace" title="International Day of Peace">International Day of Peace</a> (21)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Non-Violence" title="International Day of Non-Violence">International Day of Non-Violence</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween" title="Halloween">Halloween</a> (31)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_War" title="Algerian War">Revolution Day</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> (25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve">New Year's Eve</a> (31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_and_holiday_season" title="Christmas and holiday season">Winter vacation</a> (2 last weeks)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Varies (year round)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_New_Year" title="Islamic New Year">Hijri New Year's Day</a> (Muharram 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashura" title="Ashura">Ashura</a> (Muharram 10) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashura_in_Algeria" title="Ashura in Algeria">Ashura in Algeria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" title="Mawlid">Mawlid</a> (Rabi' al-Awwal 12) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid_in_Algeria" title="Mawlid in Algeria">Mawlid in Algeria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> (Ramadan 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Qadr" class="mw-redirect" title="Laylat al-Qadr">Laylat al-Qadr</a> (Ramadan 27)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a> (Shawwal 1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Arafah" title="Day of Arafah">Day of Arafah</a> (Dhu al-Hijjah 9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a> (Dhu al-Hijjah 10)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Bold indicates major holidays commonly celebrated in Algeria, which often represent the major celebrations of the month. See also: <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_holidays" title="Lists of holidays">Lists of holidays</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Holidays,_observances,_and_celebrations_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Public holidays in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Public holidays in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public holidays in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Holidays,_observances,_and_celebrations_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Holidays, observances, and celebrations in the United States</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">New Year's Day</a> (federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr._Day" title="Martin Luther King Jr. Day">Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.</a> (federal)</li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Hostos" title="Eugenio María de Hostos">Birthday of Eugenio María de Hostos</a> (PR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_Memorial_Day" title="Confederate Memorial Day">Confederate Heroes Day</a> (TX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Eve of Three Kings' Day</a> (PR, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Feast of Epiphany / Feast of Theophany</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Korematsu_Day" title="Fred Korematsu Day">Fred Korematsu Day</a> (AZ, CA, FL, HI, VA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Human_Rights_Day" title="Idaho Human Rights Day">Idaho Human Rights Day</a> (ID)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration" title="United States presidential inauguration">Inauguration Day</a> (federal quadrennial)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Day" title="Kansas Day">Kansas Day</a> (KS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti / Pongal</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Lee_Day" title="Robert E. Lee Day">Robert E. Lee Day</a> (FL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Foster_Memorial_Day" title="Stephen Foster Memorial Day">Stephen Foster Memorial Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Eighth_(United_States)" title="The Eighth (United States)">The Eighth</a> (LA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Three Kings' Day</a> (PR, VI, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Religion_Day" title="World Religion Day">World Religion Day</a> (religious)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January–February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Year" title="Chinese New Year">Chinese New Year</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lunar_New_Year" title="Lunar New Year">Lunar New Year</a> (NY, cultural, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_Sunday" title="Super Bowl Sunday">Super Bowl Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Vasant Panchami</a> (religious)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February <a href="/wiki/American_Heart_Month" title="American Heart Month">American Heart Month</a> <a href="/wiki/Black_History_Month" title="Black History Month">Black History Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidents%27_Day" title="Presidents' Day">Washington's Birthday</a> (federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Valentine's Day</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Mu%C3%B1oz_Mar%C3%ADn" title="Luis Muñoz Marín">Birthday of Luis Muñoz Marín</a> (PR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlemas" title="Candlemas">Candlemas</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_Day" title="Darwin Day">Charles Darwin Day / Darwin Day</a> (CA, DE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Remembrance_(Japanese_Americans)" title="Day of Remembrance (Japanese Americans)">Day of Remembrance</a> (CA, OR, WA, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Day" title="Georgia Day">Georgia Day</a> (GA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groundhog_Day" title="Groundhog Day">Groundhog Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbolc" title="Imbolc">Imbolc</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Birthday" title="Lincoln's Birthday">Lincoln's Birthday</a> (CA, CT, IL, IN, MO, NY, WV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Girls_and_Women_in_Sports_Day" title="National Girls and Women in Sports Day">National Girls and Women in Sports Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Freedom_Day" title="National Freedom Day">National Freedom Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parinirvana_Day" title="Parinirvana Day">Nirvana Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Presentation of Jesus at the Temple">Presentation of Our Lord to the Temple</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promised_Reformer_Day" title="Promised Reformer Day">Promised Reformer Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Day" title="Ronald Reagan Day">Ronald Reagan Day</a> (CA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks_Day" title="Rosa Parks Day">Rosa Parks Day</a> (CA, MO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saviours%27_Day" title="Saviours' Day">Saviours' Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_Day" title="Susan B. Anthony Day">Susan B. Anthony Day</a> (CA, FL, NY, WI, WV, proposed federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tu_BiShvat" title="Tu BiShvat">Tu B’shvat</a> (religious)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February–March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardi_Gras" title="Mardi Gras">Mardi Gras</a></li> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday" title="Ash Wednesday">Ash Wednesday</a> (PR, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnival" title="Carnival">Carnival</a> (PR, VI, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Monday" title="Clean Monday">Clean Monday</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courir_de_Mardi_Gras" title="Courir de Mardi Gras">Courir de Mardi Gras</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayy%C3%A1m-i-H%C3%A1" title="Ayyám-i-Há">Intercalary Days</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Mahashivaratri</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purim" title="Purim">Purim</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrove_Tuesday" title="Shrove Tuesday">Shrove Tuesday</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March <a href="/wiki/Irish-American_Heritage_Month" title="Irish-American Heritage Month">Irish-American Heritage Month</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Colon_Cancer_Awareness_Month" title="National Colon Cancer Awareness Month">Colon Cancer Awareness Month</a> <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_History_Month" title="Women's History Month">Women's History Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day" title="Saint Patrick's Day">Saint Patrick's Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_break" title="Spring break">Spring break</a> (week)</li> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation of the Virgin Mary / Annunciation of the Theotokos</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casimir_Pulaski_Day" title="Casimir Pulaski Day">Casimir Pulaski Day</a> (IL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesar_Chavez_Day" title="Cesar Chavez Day">Cesar Chavez Day</a> (CA, CO, TX, proposed federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Day#Puerto_Rico" title="Emancipation Day">Emancipation Day in Puerto Rico</a> (PR, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evacuation_Day_(Massachusetts)" title="Evacuation Day (Massachusetts)">Evacuation Day</a> (Suffolk County, MA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Tubman_Day" title="Harriet Tubman Day">Harriet Tubman Day</a> (NY)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hola_Mohalla" title="Hola Mohalla">Hola Mohalla</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a> (NY, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard's Birthday</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isra_and_Mi%27raj#Modern_Muslim_observance" class="mw-redirect" title="Isra and Mi'raj">Lailat al-Mi'raj</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_and_Freedom_Day" title="Liberation and Freedom Day">Liberation and Freedom Day</a> (Charlottesville, VA, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardi_Gras_in_the_United_States" title="Mardi Gras in the United States">Mardi Gras</a> (AL (in two counties), LA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Day" title="Maryland Day">Maryland Day</a> (MD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor_Day" title="Medal of Honor Day">Medal of Honor Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Poison_Prevention_Week" title="National Poison Prevention Week">National Poison Prevention Week</a> (week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowruz" title="Nowruz">Nowruz</a> (cultural, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%92ostre" title="Ēostre">Ostara</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Day" title="Pi Day">Pi Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_K%C5%ABhi%C5%8D_Day" title="Prince Kūhiō Day">Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole Day</a> (HI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promised_Messiah_Day" title="Promised Messiah Day">Promised Messiah Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_Day" title="Saint Joseph's Day">Saint Joseph's Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seward%27s_Day" title="Seward's Day">Seward's Day</a> (AK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Independence_Day" title="Texas Independence Day">Texas Independence Day</a> (TX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_meeting#Vermont" title="Town meeting">Town Meeting Day</a> (VT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfer_Day" title="Transfer Day">Transfer Day</a> (VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Transgender_Day_of_Visibility" title="International Transgender Day of Visibility">Trans Day of Visibility</a> (cultural)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March–April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> (religious)</li> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday" title="Good Friday">Good Friday</a> (CT, NC, PR, NJ, VI, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman_Jayanti" title="Hanuman Jayanti">Hanuman Jayanti</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_Thursday" title="Maundy Thursday">Holy Thursday</a> (PR, VI, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a> (PR, religious, week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Saturday" title="Lazarus Saturday">Lazarus Saturday</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahavir_Janma_Kalyanak" title="Mahavir Janma Kalyanak">Mahavir Janma Kalyanak</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesha_Sankranti" title="Mesha Sankranti">Mesha Sankranti / Hindu New Year</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a> (PR, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a> (religious, week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Monday" title="Easter Monday">Easter Monday / Bright Monday</a> (VI, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Ramnavami</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugadi" title="Ugadi">Chandramana Uugadi / Souramana Uugadi</a> (religious)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April <a href="/wiki/National_Arab_American_Heritage_Month" title="National Arab American Heritage Month">Arab American Heritage Month</a> <a href="/wiki/Confederate_History_Month" title="Confederate History Month">Confederate History Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/420_(cannabis_culture)" title="420 (cannabis culture)">420</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_Fools%27_Day" title="April Fools' Day">April Fools' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbor_Day" title="Arbor Day">Arbor Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Diego" title="José de Diego">Birthday of José de Diego</a> (PR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_Memorial_Day" title="Confederate Memorial Day">Confederate Memorial Day</a> (AL, MS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Remembrance_of_the_Victims_of_the_Holocaust" title="Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust">Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust</a> (week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Day" title="Earth Day">Earth Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Day" title="Emancipation Day">Emancipation Day</a> (cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Thomas Jefferson's Birthday</a> (AL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lag_BaOmer" title="Lag BaOmer">Lag B’Omer</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Last Friday of Great Lent</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascua_Florida" title="Pascua Florida">Pascua Florida</a> (FL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriots%27_Day" title="Patriots' Day">Patriots' Day</a> (MA, ME)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridv%C3%A1n" title="Ridván">Ridván</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jacinto_Day" title="San Jacinto Day">San Jacinto Day</a> (TX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siblings_Day" title="Siblings Day">Siblings Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpurgis_Night" title="Walpurgis Night">Walpurgis Night</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Israel)" title="Independence Day (Israel)">Yom Ha'atzmaut</a> (cultural, religious)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May <a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islander_Heritage_Month" title="Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month">Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month</a> <a href="/wiki/Jewish_American_Heritage_Month" title="Jewish American Heritage Month">Jewish American Heritage Month</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Military_Appreciation_Month" title="National Military Appreciation Month">Military Appreciation Month</a> </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a> (federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_(United_States)" title="Mother's Day (United States)">Mother's Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinco_de_Mayo" title="Cinco de Mayo">Cinco de Mayo</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Holy_Days" title="Baháʼí Holy Days">Ascension of Baháʼu'lláh</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascension Day">Ascension of Our Lord</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate_Day" title="Caliphate Day">Caliphate Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Holy_Days" title="Baháʼí Holy Days">Declaration of the Bab</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk_Day" title="Harvey Milk Day">Harvey Milk Day</a> (CA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">International Workers' Day</a> / <a href="/wiki/May_Day" title="May Day">May Day</a> (CA, unofficial, proposed state)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Day_(United_States)" title="Law Day (United States)">Law Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalty_Day" title="Loyalty Day">Loyalty Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_X_Day" title="Malcolm X Day">Malcolm X Day</a> (CA, IL, proposed federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Spouse_Day" title="Military Spouse Day">Military Spouse Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_Prayer" title="National Day of Prayer">National Day of Prayer</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Day_of_Reason" title="National Day of Reason">National Day of Reason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Transportation_Day" title="National Defense Transportation Day">National Defense Transportation Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Maritime_Day" title="United States National Maritime Day">National Maritime Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Officers_Memorial_Day" title="Peace Officers Memorial Day">Peace Officers Memorial Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavuot" title="Shavuot">Shavuot</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truman_Day" title="Truman Day">Truman Day</a> (MO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesak" title="Vesak">Vesak</a> / <a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_Birthday" title="Buddha's Birthday">Buddha's Birthday</a> (religious)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June <a href="/wiki/Pride_Month" title="Pride Month">Pride Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneteenth" title="Juneteenth">Juneteenth</a> (federal, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day_(United_States)" title="Father's Day (United States)">Father's Day</a> (36)</li> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunker_Hill_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunker Hill Day">Bunker Hill Day</a> (Suffolk County, MA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Carolina Day">Carolina Day</a> (SC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Young_Day" title="Don Young Day">Don Young Day</a> (AK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Fast" title="Apostles' Fast">Fast of the Holy Apostles</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Day_(United_States)" title="Flag Day (United States)">Flag Day</a> (36, proposed federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller_Day" title="Helen Keller Day">Helen Keller Day</a> (PA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honor_America_Days" class="mw-redirect" title="Honor America Days">Honor America Days</a> (3 weeks)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Davis_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson Davis Day">Jefferson Davis Day</a> (AL, FL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamehameha_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamehameha Day">Kamehameha Day</a> (HI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midsummer" title="Midsummer">Litha</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Arjan" title="Guru Arjan">Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Sahib</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odunde_Festival" title="Odunde Festival">Odunde Festival</a> (Philadelphia, PA, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Week" title="Senior Week">Senior Week</a> (week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Saint_John_the_Baptist#Celebration" class="mw-redirect" title="Nativity of Saint John the Baptist">Saint John's Day</a> (PR, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Day" title="West Virginia Day">West Virginia Day</a> (WV)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(United_States)" title="Independence Day (United States)">Independence Day</a> (federal)</li> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asalha_Puja" title="Asalha Puja">Asalha Puja Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Mu%C3%B1oz_Rivera" title="Luis Muñoz Rivera">Birthday of Don Luis Muñoz Rivera</a> (PR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Celso_Barbosa" title="José Celso Barbosa">Birthday of Dr. José Celso Barbosa</a> (PR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Day#United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Emancipation Day">Emancipation Day in the U.S. Virgin Islands</a> (VI, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Purnima" title="Guru Purnima">Guru Purnima</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khordad_Sal" title="Khordad Sal">Khordad Sal</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty_Restoration_Day" title="Sovereignty Restoration Day">Lā Hoʻihoʻi Ea</a> (HI, unofficial, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Execution_of_the_B%C3%A1b" title="Execution of the Báb">Martyrdom of the Báb</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents%27_Day" title="Parents' Day">Parents' Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_Day" title="Pioneer Day">Pioneer Day</a> (UT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico_Constitution_Day" title="Puerto Rico Constitution Day">Puerto Rico Constitution Day</a> (PR)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July–August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_vacation" title="Summer vacation">Summer vacation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisha_B%27Av" title="Tisha B'Av">Tisha B'Av</a> (religious)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Day" title="American Family Day">American Family Day</a> (AZ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Day" title="Barack Obama Day">Barack Obama Day in Illinois</a> (IL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennington_Battle_Day" title="Bennington Battle Day">Bennington Battle Day</a> (VT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Mother_of_God#Dormition_versus_Assumption" title="Dormition of the Mother of God">Dormition of the Theotokos</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Ghadir" title="Eid al-Ghadir">Eid-e-Ghadeer</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormition_of_the_Mother_of_God#Dormition_fast" title="Dormition of the Mother of God">Fast in Honor of the Holy Mother of Lord Jesus</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary#Feasts" title="Assumption of Mary">Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statehood_Day_(Hawaii)" title="Statehood Day (Hawaii)">Hawaii Admission Day / Statehood Day</a> (HI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Krishna Janmashtami</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lammas" title="Lammas">Lammas</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Baines_Johnson_Day" title="Lyndon Baines Johnson Day">Lyndon Baines Johnson Day</a> (TX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Panchami" title="Naga Panchami">Naga Panchami</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aviation_Day" title="National Aviation Day">National Aviation Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paryushana" title="Paryushana">Paryushana</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Raksha Bandhan</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Transfiguration" title="Feast of the Transfiguration">Transfiguration of the Lord</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(United_States)" title="Victory Day (United States)">Victory Day</a> (RI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Equality_Day" title="Women's Equality Day">Women's Equality Day</a> (36)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September <a href="/wiki/National_Prostate_Cancer_Awareness_Month" class="mw-redirect" title="National Prostate Cancer Awareness Month">Prostate Cancer Awareness Month</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Childhood_Cancer_Awareness_Month" title="National Childhood Cancer Awareness Month">Childhood Cancer Awareness Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Day" title="Labor Day">Labor Day</a> (federal)</li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Day" title="Brazilian Day">Brazilian Day</a> (NY, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Admission_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="California Admission Day">California Admission Day</a> (CA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Garner_Federal_Lands_Cleanup_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day">Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Day_and_Citizenship_Day" title="Constitution Day and Citizenship Day">Constitution Day and Citizenship Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Week" title="Constitution Week">Constitution Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defenders_Day_(Maryland)" title="Defenders Day (Maryland)">Defenders Day</a> (MD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevation_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Elevation of the Holy Cross">Elevation of the Holy Cross</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_San_Gennaro" title="Feast of San Gennaro">Feast of San Gennaro</a> (NY, cultural, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Star_Mother%27s_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Star Mother's Day">Gold Star Mother's Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakya_Trizin_Ngawang_Kunga" title="Sakya Trizin Ngawang Kunga">His Holiness Sakya Trizin's Birthday</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_equinox" title="September equinox">Mabon</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandparents%27_Day" title="Grandparents' Day">National Grandparents Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Payroll_Week" title="National Payroll Week">National Payroll Week</a> (week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Mary" title="Nativity of Mary">Nativity of Mary / Nativity of the Theotokos</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Day" title="Native American Day">Native American Day</a> (proposed federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Day" title="Patriot Day">Patriot Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Von_Steuben_Day" title="Von Steuben Day">Von Steuben Day</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September–October <a href="/wiki/National_Hispanic_Heritage_Month" title="National Hispanic Heritage Month">Hispanic Heritage Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Arba%27een" class="mw-redirect" title="Arba'een">Chehlum Imam Hussain</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oktoberfest_celebrations" title="Oktoberfest celebrations">Oktoberfest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitri_Paksha" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitri Paksha">Pitri Paksha</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosh_Hashanah" title="Rosh Hashanah">Rosh Hashanah / Feast of Trumpets</a> (TX, NY, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shemini_Atzeret" title="Shemini Atzeret">Shemini Atzeret</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simchat_Torah" title="Simchat Torah">Simchat Torah</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayadashami" title="Vijayadashami">Vijaya Dashami</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur" title="Yom Kippur">Yom Kippur / Day of Atonement</a> (TX, NY, religious)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October <a href="/wiki/National_Breast_Cancer_Awareness_Month" class="mw-redirect" title="National Breast Cancer Awareness Month">Breast Cancer Awareness Month</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Disability_Employment_Awareness_Month" title="National Disability Employment Awareness Month">Disability Employment Awareness Month</a> <a href="/wiki/Italian-American_Heritage_and_Culture_Month" title="Italian-American Heritage and Culture Month">Italian-American Heritage and Culture Month</a> <a href="/wiki/Filipino_American_History_Month" title="Filipino American History Month">Filipino American History Month</a> <a href="/wiki/LGBT_History_Month" title="LGBT History Month">LGBT History Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Day" title="Columbus Day">Columbus Day</a> (federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween" title="Halloween">Halloween</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Day" title="Alaska Day">Alaska Day</a> (AK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_Health_Day" title="Child Health Day">Child Health Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Pulaski_Memorial_Day" title="General Pulaski Memorial Day">General Pulaski Memorial Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German-American_Day" title="German-American Day">German-American Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples%27_Day_(United_States)" title="Indigenous Peoples' Day (United States)">Indigenous Peoples' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Non-Violence" title="International Day of Non-Violence">International Day of Non-Violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leif_Erikson_Day" title="Leif Erikson Day">Leif Erikson Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Day" title="Missouri Day">Missouri Day</a> (MO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanomonestotse" title="Nanomonestotse">Nanomonestotse</a> (cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_School_Lunch_Week" class="mw-redirect" title="National School Lunch Week">National School Lunch Week</a> (week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Day" title="Native American Day">Native American Day in South Dakota</a> (SD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Day" title="Nevada Day">Nevada Day</a> (NV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_Day" title="Spirit Day">Spirit Day</a> (cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetest_Day" title="Sweetest Day">Sweetest Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukkot" title="Sukkot">Sukkot / Feast of Tabernacles</a> (religious, week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Islands%E2%80%93Puerto_Rico_Friendship_Day" title="Virgin Islands–Puerto Rico Friendship Day">Virgin Islands–Puerto Rico Friendship Day</a> (PR, VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Cane_Safety_Day" title="White Cane Safety Day">White Cane Safety Day</a> (36)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October–November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Holy_Birthdays" title="Twin Holy Birthdays">Birth of the Báb</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_of_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BCu%27ll%C3%A1h" title="Birth of Baháʼu'lláh">Birth of Baháʼu'lláh</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Dead" title="Day of the Dead">Day of the Dead</a> (VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a> (NY, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawlid" title="Mawlid">Mawlid al-Nabi</a> (religious)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November <a href="/wiki/Native_American_Indian_Heritage_Month" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American Indian Heritage Month">Native American Indian Heritage Month</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Veterans_Day" title="Veterans Day">Veterans Day</a> (federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_(United_States)" title="Thanksgiving (United States)">Thanksgiving</a> (federal)</li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BBAbdu%27l-Bah%C3%A1" title="ʻAbdu'l-Bahá">Ascension of ‘Abdu’l Baha</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day" title="All Saints' Day">All Saints' Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Beginning of the Nativity Fast</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beltane" title="Beltane">Beltane</a> / <a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Day" title="Barack Obama Day">Barack Obama Day in Alabama</a> (Perry County, AL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Hamilton_Jackson" title="D. Hamilton Jackson">D. Hamilton Jackson Day</a> (VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(shopping)" title="Black Friday (shopping)">Day after Thanksgiving</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Covenant_(Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD)" title="Day of the Covenant (Baháʼí)">Day of the Covenant</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery of Puerto Rico">Discovery of Puerto Rico Day</a> (PR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Day_(United_States)" title="Election Day (United States)">Election Day</a> (CA, DE, HI, KY, MT, NJ, NY, OH, PR, VA, WV, proposed federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Day" title="Family Day">Family Day</a> (NV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendsgiving" title="Friendsgiving">Friendsgiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak_Gurpurab" title="Guru Nanak Gurpurab">Guru Nanak Gurpurab</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanukkah" title="Hanukkah">Hanukkah</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Hawaii)" title="Independence Day (Hawaii)">Lā Kūʻokoʻa</a> (HI, unofficial, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Tegh_Bahadur" title="Guru Tegh Bahadur">Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Heritage_Day" title="Native American Heritage Day">Native American Heritage Day</a> (MD, WA, cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Mary" title="Presentation of Mary">Presentation of the Theotokos to the Temple</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_Day_of_Remembrance" title="Transgender Day of Remembrance">Trans Day of Remembrance</a> (cultural)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unthanksgiving_Day" title="Unthanksgiving Day">Unthanksgiving Day</a> (cultural)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> (religious, federal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve">New Year's Eve</a></li> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent_Sunday" title="Advent Sunday">Advent Sunday</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Day" title="Alabama Day">Alabama Day</a> (AL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh" title="Guru Gobind Singh">Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhi_Day" title="Bodhi Day">Bodhi Day</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalica" title="Chalica">Chalica</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve">Christmas Eve</a> (KY, NC, SC, PR, VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_Day" title="Boxing Day">Day after Christmas</a> (KY, NC, SC, TX, VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festivus" title="Festivus">Festivus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HumanLight" title="HumanLight">HumanLight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanukkah" title="Hanukkah">Hanukkah</a> (religious, week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Day" title="Indiana Day">Indiana Day</a> (IN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwanzaa" title="Kwanzaa">Kwanzaa</a> (cultural, week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Burhanuddin" title="Mohammed Burhanuddin">Milad Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Pearl_Harbor_Remembrance_Day" title="National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day">National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity of Jesus</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve">Old Year's Night</a> (VI)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Aviation_Day" title="Pan American Aviation Day">Pan American Aviation Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivaya_Subramuniyaswami" title="Sivaya Subramuniyaswami">Pancha Ganapati</a> (religious, week)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Parks_Day" title="Rosa Parks Day">Rosa Parks Day</a> (OH, OR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemnity_of_Mary,_Mother_of_God" title="Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God">Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright_Brothers_Day" title="Wright Brothers Day">Wright Brothers Day</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule" title="Yule">Yule</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zartosht_No-Diso" title="Zartosht No-Diso">Zartosht No-Diso</a> (religious)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Varies (year round)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a> (NY, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Fitr" title="Eid al-Fitr">Eid al-Fitr</a> (NY, religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_New_Year" title="Islamic New Year">Islamic New Year</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Arafah" title="Day of Arafah">Yawm al-Arafa</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Qadr" class="mw-redirect" title="Laylat al-Qadr">Laylat al-Qadr</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navaratri" title="Navaratri">Navaratri</a> (religious, four times a year)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bon_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Bon Festival">Obon</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onam" title="Onam">Onam</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> (religious, month)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Festival" title="Ghost Festival">Ghost Festival</a> (religious)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashura" title="Ashura">Yawm Aashura</a> (religious)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size:90%;"><div>Legend: (federal) = federal holidays, (abbreviation) = state/territorial holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (cultural) = holiday related to a specific <a href="/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_census" title="Race and ethnicity in the United States census">racial/ethnic group</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sexual_minority" title="Sexual minority">sexual minority</a>, (week) = week-long holidays, (month) = month-long holidays, (36) = <a href="/wiki/Title_36_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 36 of the United States Code">Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies</a> See also: <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_holidays" title="Lists of holidays">Lists of holidays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hallmark_holiday" title="Hallmark holiday">Hallmark holidays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Public holidays in the United States">Public holidays in the United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Public holidays in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Public holidays in the United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Public_holidays_in_Mexico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_holidays_in_Mexico" title="Template:Public holidays in Mexico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_holidays_in_Mexico" title="Template talk:Public holidays in Mexico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_holidays_in_Mexico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public holidays in Mexico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Public_holidays_in_Mexico" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Mexico" title="Public holidays in Mexico">Public holidays in Mexico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statutory holidays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">Año Nuevo</a></li> <li>Día de la Constitución</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Ju%C3%A1rez" title="Benito Juárez">Natalicio de Benito Juárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Day" title="Labour Day">Día del Trabajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Dolores" title="Cry of Dolores">Día de Independencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_Day_(Mexico)" title="Revolution Day (Mexico)">Día de la Revolución</a></li> <li>Transmisión del Poder Ejecutivo Federal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Mexico" title="Christmas in Mexico">Navidad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civic holidays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Army" title="Mexican Army">Día del Ejército</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Day_in_Mexico" title="Flag Day in Mexico">Día de la Bandera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_oil_expropriation" title="Mexican oil expropriation">Aniversario de la Expropiación petrolera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Veracruz" class="mw-redirect" title="United States occupation of Veracruz">Heroica Defensa de Veracruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinco_de_Mayo" title="Cinco de Mayo">Cinco de Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Hidalgo_y_Costilla" title="Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla">Natalicio de Miguel Hidalgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Navy" title="Mexican Navy">Día de la Marina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Dolores" title="Cry of Dolores">Grito de Dolores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%B1os_H%C3%A9roes" title="Niños Héroes">Día de los Niños Héroes</a></li> <li>Consumación de la Independencia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Morelos" title="José María Morelos">Natalicio de José Ma. Morelos y Pavón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="European colonization of the Americas">Descubrimiento de América</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Día de los Santos Reyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Día de San Valentín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Día del Niño</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Día de las Madres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Teachers%27_Days" title="List of Teachers' Days">Día del Maestro</a></li> <li>Día del estudiante</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day" title="Father's Day">Día del Padre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Dead" title="Day of the Dead">Día de Todos los Santos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Dead" title="Day of the Dead">Día de los Fieles Difuntos</a></li> <li>Día de la Virgen de Guadalupe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Posadas" title="Las Posadas">Las Posadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nochebuena" class="mw-redirect" title="Nochebuena">Nochebuena</a></li> <li>Dia de los Santos Inocentes</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Family" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Family" title="Template:Family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Family" title="Template talk:Family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Family" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Family" title="Family">Family</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_family" title="History of the family">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household" title="Household">Household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_family" title="Nuclear family">Nuclear family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_family" title="Extended family">Extended family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conjugal_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Conjugal family">Conjugal family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immediate_family" title="Immediate family">Immediate family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrifocal_family" title="Matrifocal family">Matrifocal family</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coefficient_of_relationship#Human_relationships" title="Coefficient of relationship">First-degree relatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parent" title="Parent">Parent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother" title="Mother">mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father" title="Father">father</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child" title="Child">Child</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daughter" title="Daughter">daughter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling" title="Sibling">Sibling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brother" title="Brother">brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister" title="Sister">sister</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second-degree relatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grandparent" title="Grandparent">Grandparent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandchild" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandchild">Grandchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle" title="Uncle">Uncle</a>/<a href="/wiki/Aunt" title="Aunt">Aunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niece_and_nephew" title="Niece and nephew">Niece/Nephew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third-degree relatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great-grandparent" class="mw-redirect" title="Great-grandparent">Great-grandparent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great-grandchild" class="mw-redirect" title="Great-grandchild">Great-grandchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great-uncle" class="mw-redirect" title="Great-uncle">Great-uncle</a>/<a href="/wiki/Great-aunt" class="mw-redirect" title="Great-aunt">Great-aunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cousin" title="Cousin">Cousin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Affinity_(law)" title="Affinity (law)">Family-in-law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spouse" title="Spouse">Spouse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wife" title="Wife">wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husband" title="Husband">husband</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parent-in-law" title="Parent-in-law">Parent-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling-in-law" title="Sibling-in-law">Sibling-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child-in-law" class="mw-redirect" title="Child-in-law">Child-in-law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daughter-in-law" class="mw-redirect" title="Daughter-in-law">daughter-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son-in-law" class="mw-redirect" title="Son-in-law">son-in-law</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stepfamily" title="Stepfamily">Stepfamily</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stepparent" class="mw-redirect" title="Stepparent">Stepparent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stepfather" title="Stepfather">stepfather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepmother" title="Stepmother">stepmother</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepchild" title="Stepchild">Stepchild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepsibling" title="Stepsibling">Stepsibling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kinship_terminology" title="Kinship terminology">Kinship terminology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinship" title="Kinship">Kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_kinship" title="Australian Aboriginal kinship">Australian Aboriginal kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoption" title="Adoption">Adoption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affinity_(law)" title="Affinity (law)">Affinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consanguinity" title="Consanguinity">Consanguinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disownment" title="Disownment">Disownment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce">Divorce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_estrangement" title="Family estrangement">Estrangement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_of_choice" title="Family of choice">Family of choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictive_kinship" title="Fictive kinship">Fictive kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurture_kinship" title="Nurture kinship">Nurture kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_kinship" title="Chinese kinship">Chinese kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_kinship" title="Hawaiian kinship">Hawaiian kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_kinship" title="Sudanese kinship">Sudanese kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskimo_kinship" title="Eskimo kinship">Eskimo kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroquois_kinship" title="Iroquois kinship">Iroquois kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crow_kinship" title="Crow kinship">Crow kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omaha_kinship" title="Omaha kinship">Omaha kinship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Genealogy" title="Genealogy">Genealogy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancestor" title="Ancestor">lineage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilateral_descent" title="Bilateral descent">Bilateral descent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Most_recent_common_ancestor" title="Most recent common ancestor">Common ancestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">Family name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heirloom" title="Heirloom">Heirloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heredity" title="Heredity">Heredity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inheritance" title="Inheritance">Inheritance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lineal_descendant" title="Lineal descendant">Lineal descendant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collateral_(kinship)" title="Collateral (kinship)">collateral descent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrilineality" title="Matrilineality">Matrilineality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">Patrilineality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progenitor" title="Progenitor">Progenitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clan" title="Clan">Clan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_descent" title="Royal descent">Royal descent</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Family_trees" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Family_tree" title="Family tree">Family trees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedigree_chart" title="Pedigree chart">Pedigree chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genogram" title="Genogram">Genogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahnentafel" title="Ahnentafel">Ahnentafel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genealogical_numbering_systems" title="Genealogical numbering systems">Genealogical numbering systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seize_quartiers" title="Seize quartiers">Seize quartiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarters_of_nobility" title="Quarters of nobility">Quarters of nobility</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relationships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape" title="Agape">Agape (parental love)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros_(concept)" title="Eros (concept)">Eros (marital love)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philia" title="Philia">Philia (brotherly love)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storge" title="Storge">Storge (familial love)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filial_piety" title="Filial piety">Filial piety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyfidelity" title="Polyfidelity">Polyfidelity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Holidays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mother's Day</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother%27s_Day_(United_States)" title="Mother's Day (United States)">U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father%27s_Day" title="Father's Day">Father's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father%E2%80%93Daughter_Day" title="Father–Daughter Day">Father–Daughter Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siblings_Day" title="Siblings Day">Siblings Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandparents%27_Day" title="Grandparents' Day">National Grandparents Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents%27_Day" title="Parents' Day">Parents' Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day">Children's Day</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day_(Japan)" title="Children's Day (Japan)">Japan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Day" title="Family Day">Family Day</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family_Day_(Canada)" title="Family Day (Canada)">Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Day" title="American Family Day">American Family Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Families" title="International Day of Families">International Day of Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Family_Week" title="National Family Week">National Family Week</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Family_Week_(UK)" title="National Family Week (UK)">UK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Adoption_Day" title="National Adoption Day">National Adoption Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_parent" title="Single parent">Single parent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_anniversary" title="Wedding anniversary">Wedding anniversary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godparent" title="Godparent">Godparent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_order" title="Birth order">Birth order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Only_child" title="Only child">Only child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_child_syndrome" title="Middle child syndrome">Middle child syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_the_family" title="Sociology of the family">Sociology of the family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Motherhood" title="Museum of Motherhood">Museum of Motherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_family" title="Astronaut family">Astronaut family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysfunctional_family" title="Dysfunctional family">Dysfunctional family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence" title="Domestic violence">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling_abuse" title="Sibling abuse">Sibling abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling_estrangement" title="Sibling estrangement">Sibling estrangement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling_rivalry" title="Sibling rivalry">Sibling rivalry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <a 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\u003Cmw.message.lua:76\u003E","40","2.4"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","40","2.4"],["[others]","500","29.4"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-t8glw","timestamp":"20241204032527","ttl":2406886,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mother's Day","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mother%27s_Day","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47502","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q47502","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-03-27T17:03:18Z","dateModified":"2024-11-01T09:45:46Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1e\/William-Adolphe_Bouguereau_%281825-1905%29_-_Maternal_Admiration_%281869%29.jpg","headline":"celebration honoring mothers"}</script> </body> </html>