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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cuairc</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuairc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naisc" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naisc"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Naisc</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naisc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naisc_sheachtracha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naisc_sheachtracha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Naisc sheachtracha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naisc_sheachtracha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Clár ábhair" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fisic na gCáithníní</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 86 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeltjiefisika" title="Deeltjiefisika – Afracáinis" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Deeltjiefisika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afracáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teilchenphysik" title="Teilchenphysik – Gearmáinis Eilvéiseach" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Teilchenphysik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Gearmáinis Eilvéiseach" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فيزياء الجسيمات – Araibis" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيزياء الجسيمات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Araibis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Física de partícules – Astúiris" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Física de partícules" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astúiris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiss%C9%99cikl%C9%99r_fizikas%C4%B1" title="Hissəciklər fizikası – Asarbaiseáinis" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hissəciklər fizikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Asarbaiseáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D1%86" title="Фізіка элементарных часціц – Bealarúisis" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фізіка элементарных часціц" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Bealarúisis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Физика на елементарните частици – Bulgáiris" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Физика на елементарните частици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgáiris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="कण भौतिकी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कण भौतिकी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কণা পদার্থবিজ্ঞান – Beangáilis" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কণা পদার্থবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Beangáilis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica – Boisnis" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fizika elementarnih čestica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Boisnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADcules" title="Física de partícules – Catalóinis" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Física de partícules" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalóinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzika_%C4%8D%C3%A1stic" title="Fyzika částic – Seicis" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fyzika částic" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Seicis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BF%C4%95%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Элементарлă пĕрчĕсен физики – Suvaisis" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Элементарлă пĕрчĕсен физики" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Suvaisis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffiseg_gronynnau" title="Ffiseg gronynnau – Breatnais" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffiseg gronynnau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Breatnais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partikelfysik" title="Partikelfysik – Danmhairgis" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Partikelfysik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danmhairgis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teilchenphysik" title="Teilchenphysik – Gearmáinis" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Teilchenphysik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Gearmáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%86%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Σωματιδιακή φυσική – Gréigis" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σωματιδιακή φυσική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Gréigis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_physics" title="Particle physics – Béarla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Particle physics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Béarla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partikla_fiziko" title="Partikla fiziko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Partikla fiziko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Física de partículas – Spáinnis" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Física de partículas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spáinnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osakestef%C3%BC%C3%BCsika" title="Osakestefüüsika – Eastóinis" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Osakestefüüsika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Eastóinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partikulen_fisika" title="Partikulen fisika – Bascais" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Partikulen fisika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bascais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فیزیک ذرات – Peirsis" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیزیک ذرات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Peirsis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiukkasfysiikka" title="Hiukkasfysiikka – Fionlainnis" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiukkasfysiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fionlainnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pudinid%C3%B5_f%C3%BC%C3%BCsiga" title="Pudinidõ füüsiga – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Pudinidõ füüsiga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physique_des_particules" title="Physique des particules – Fraincis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Physique des particules" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fraincis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik_di_s%C3%A9_partikil" title="Fizik di sé partikil – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Fizik di sé partikil" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Física de partículas – Gailísis" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Física de partículas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Gailísis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D" title="פיזיקת חלקיקים – Eabhrais" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיזיקת חלקיקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Eabhrais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="कण भौतिकी – Hiondúis" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कण भौतिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hiondúis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica – Cróitis" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fizika elementarnih čestica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Cróitis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9szecskefizika" title="Részecskefizika – Ungáiris" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Részecskefizika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungáiris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Տարրական մասնիկների ֆիզիկա – Airméinis" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տարրական մասնիկների ֆիզիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Airméinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physica_de_particulas" title="Physica de particulas – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Physica de particulas" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika_partikel" title="Fisika partikel – Indinéisis" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fisika partikel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indinéisis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96reindafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Öreindafræði – Íoslainnis" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Öreindafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Íoslainnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica_delle_particelle" title="Fisica delle particelle – Iodáilis" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fisica delle particelle" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Iodáilis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="素粒子物理学 – Seapáinis" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="素粒子物理学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Seapáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paatikl_fizix" title="Paatikl fizix – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Paatikl fizix" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ელემენტარული ნაწილაკების ფიზიკა – Seoirsis" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელემენტარული ნაწილაკების ფიზიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Seoirsis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8A%C3%B1%C9%A9t%C9%A9%C9%A9%C9%A9_pe_t%C9%9B_tomna%C9%A3_kp%C9%9Bl%C9%9Bk%CA%8B%CA%8B" title="Ŋñɩtɩɩɩ pe tɛ tomnaɣ kpɛlɛkʋʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ŋñɩtɩɩɩ pe tɛ tomnaɣ kpɛlɛkʋʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%A3_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಕಣ ಭೌತಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Cannadais" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಣ ಭೌತಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Cannadais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%85%EC%9E%90%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="입자물리학 – Cóiréis" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="입자물리학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Cóiréis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiz%C3%AEka_par%C3%A7ikan" title="Fizîka parçikan – Coirdis" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fizîka parçikan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Coirdis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physica_particularum_elementarium" title="Physica particularum elementarium – Laidin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Physica particularum elementarium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Laidin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daleli%C5%B3_fizika" title="Dalelių fizika – Liotuáinis" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dalelių fizika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Liotuáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element%C4%81rda%C4%BCi%C5%86u_fizika" title="Elementārdaļiņu fizika – Laitvis" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Elementārdaļiņu fizika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Laitvis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%B1%D2%A5%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B5_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Тӱҥлык пырче физике – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Тӱҥлык пырче физике" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Честична физика – Macadóinis" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Честична физика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macadóinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="കണികാഭൗതികം – Mailéalaimis" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കണികാഭൗതികം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Mailéalaimis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मूलकण भौतिकशास्त्र – Maraitis" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मूलकण भौतिकशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Maraitis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizik_zarah" title="Fizik zarah – Malaeis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fizik zarah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaeis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="အမှုန်ရူပဗေဒ – Burmais" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အမှုန်ရူပဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deeltjesfysica" title="Deeltjesfysica – Ollainnis" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Deeltjesfysica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Ollainnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partikkelfysikk" title="Partikkelfysikk – Nua-Ioruais" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Partikkelfysikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nua-Ioruais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partikkelfysikk" title="Partikkelfysikk – Bocmál" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Partikkelfysikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bocmál" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisica_dei_particulas" title="Fisica dei particulas – Ocsatáinis" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fisica dei particulas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsatáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਕਣ ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Puinseáibis" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਣ ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Puinseáibis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizyka_cz%C4%85stek_elementarnych" title="Fizyka cząstek elementarnych – Polainnis" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fizyka cząstek elementarnych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polainnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%81%D8%B2%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="د ذراتو فزیک – Paistis" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ذراتو فزیک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paistis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_de_part%C3%ADculas" title="Física de partículas – Portaingéilis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Física de partículas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portaingéilis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizica_particulelor_elementare" title="Fizica particulelor elementare – Rómáinis" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fizica particulelor elementare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rómáinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86" title="Физика элементарных частиц – Rúisis" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Физика элементарных частиц" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rúisis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pairticle_pheesics" title="Pairticle pheesics – Albainis" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Pairticle pheesics" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Albainis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica – Seirbea-Chróitis" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fizika elementarnih čestica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Seirbea-Chróitis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="අංශු භෞතික විද්‍යාව – Siolóinis" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අංශු භෞතික විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Siolóinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_physics" title="Particle physics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Particle physics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyzika_%C4%8Dast%C3%ADc" title="Fyzika častíc – Slóvaicis" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fyzika častíc" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slóvaicis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika_osnovnih_delcev" title="Fizika osnovnih delcev – Slóivéinis" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Fizika osnovnih delcev" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slóivéinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizika_elementarnih_%C4%8Destica" title="Fizika elementarnih čestica – Seirbis" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Fizika elementarnih čestica" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Seirbis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisika_partikel" title="Fisika partikel – Sundais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fisika partikel" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partikelfysik" title="Partikelfysik – Sualainnis" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Partikelfysik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sualainnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="துகள் இயற்பியல் – Tamailis" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துகள் இயற்பியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamailis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A3_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="కణ భౌతికశాస్త్రం – Teileagúis" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కణ భౌతికశాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teileagúis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="ฟิสิกส์ของอนุภาค – Téalainnis" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟิสิกส์ของอนุภาค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Téalainnis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisikang_pampartikula" title="Pisikang pampartikula – Tagálaigis" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pisikang pampartikula" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagálaigis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%A7ac%C4%B1k_fizi%C4%9Fi" title="Parçacık fiziği – Tuircis" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Parçacık fiziği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tuircis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Фізика елементарних частинок – Úcráinis" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фізика елементарних частинок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Úcráinis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ذراتی طبیعیات – Urdúis" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ذراتی طبیعیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdúis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ACzega_de_%C5%82e_parteze%C5%82e" title="Fìzega de łe partezełe – Veinéisis" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fìzega de łe partezełe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Veinéisis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%ADt_l%C3%BD_h%E1%BA%A1t" title="Vật lý hạt – Vítneaimis" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vật lý hạt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vítneaimis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisika_han_partikulo" title="Pisika han partikulo – Uairéis" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pisika han partikulo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Uairéis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="粒子物理学 – Sínis Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="粒子物理学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Sínis Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Particle_physics" title="I-Particle physics – Cóisis" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-Particle physics" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Cóisis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="粒子物理學 – Sínis" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="粒子物理學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sínis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="粒子物理學 – Cantainis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="粒子物理學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantainis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18334#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Athraigh na naisc idirtheanga" class="wbc-editpage">Athraigh naisc</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ainmspásanna"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuma</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">folaigh</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ón Vicipéid, an chiclipéid shaor.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ga" dir="ltr"><p>Is éard is <b>Fisic na gCáithníní</b> ann ná craobh na <a href="/wiki/Fisic" title="Fisic">fisice</a> a dhéanas staidéar ar na comhábhair eiliminteacha de <a href="/wiki/Damhna" title="Damhna">dhamhna</a> agus de <a href="/wiki/Rada%C3%ADocht" title="Radaíocht">radaíocht</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bunch%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn" title="Buncháithnín">buncháithnín</a>í), agus an idirghníomhaíocht eatarthu. Tugtar freisin <b>fisic ardfhuinnimh</b> uirthi, toisc nach mbíonn mórán cáithníní eiliminteacha ar fáil faoi ghnáthimthosca sa nádúr, ach is féidir iad a chruthú agus a aimsiú le linn imbhuailtí fuinniúla cáithníní eile, mar a dhéantar i <a href="/wiki/Luasaire_c%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn" title="Luasaire cáithnín">luasairí cáithníní</a>. Tugann taighde sa réimse seo le fios go bhfuil liosta fada de cháithníní ann. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cáithníní"><span id="C.C3.A1ithn.C3.ADn.C3.AD"></span>Cáithníní</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Cuir rannán in eagar: Cáithníní" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>cuir in eagar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Cáithníní"><span>athraigh foinse</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Is teoiricí candamacha na teoiricí uile i bhfisic na gcáithníní, agus bíonn <a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%A9adracht" title="Siméadracht">siméadracht</a> lárnach iontu. Tá an damhna comhdhéanta as adaimh. Tá gach adamh comhdhéanta as <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAicl%C3%A9as_adamhach" title="Núicléas adamhach">núicléas</a> agus <a href="/wiki/Leictreon" title="Leictreon">leictreoin</a> á thimpeallú, agus an núicléas comhdhéanta as prótóin agus neodróin. Tá fisic na gcáithníní dírithe ar na prótóin agus na neodróin seo, na cáithníní a bhfuil siad seo comhdhéanta astu, agus ar cháithníní gaolmhara eile. Tugtar <i>cáithníní bunúsacha</i> ar <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn_fo-adamhach" title="Cáithnín fo-adamhach">cháithníní fo-adamhacha</a> a mheastar a bheith do-roinnte ina gcáithníní níos lú fós. Is iad seo na cáithníní damhna (na <a href="/wiki/Cuarc" title="Cuarc">cuairc</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Neoidr%C3%ADon%C3%B3" title="Neoidríonó">neoidríonónna</a>, na <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BA%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Múón">muóin</a> agus na tónna) agus na cáithníní fórsa (na glúóin, na fótóin agus <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3s%C3%B3n" title="Bósón">bósóin</a> W is Z). Is iad na príomhfhórsaí a fheidhmíonn idir na cáithníní seo an fórsa leictreamaighnéadach, an <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3rsa_n%C3%BAicl%C3%A9ach_l%C3%A1idir" class="mw-redirect" title="Fórsa núicléach láidir">fórsa núicléach láidir</a>, agus an <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3rsa_n%C3%BAicl%C3%A9ach_lag" class="mw-redirect" title="Fórsa núicléach lag">fórsa núicléach lag</a>. Déantar neamhaird ar an bhfórsa imtharraingthe sa chomhthéacs seo. </p><p>Faoi dheireadh na <a href="/wiki/1930id%C3%AD" title="1930idí">1930idí</a> bhí eolas faighte ar na prótóin, na neodróin agus na leictreoin, an t-<a href="/wiki/Eamhn%C3%BA_n%C3%BAicl%C3%A9ach" title="Eamhnú núicléach">eamhnú núicléach</a> léirithe, agus an <a href="/wiki/Fisic_n%C3%BAicl%C3%A9ach" title="Fisic núicléach">fhisic núicléach</a>. Déanann fisic na gcáithníní iniúchadh ar struchtúr damhna ar leibhéal atá, ar a laghad, céim níos doimhne ná an fhisic núicléach. Sna turgnaimh is luaithe sa staidéar seo, rinneadh <a href="/wiki/Taighde" title="Taighde">taighde</a> ar na rianta a d'fhág <a href="/wiki/Gathanna_cosmacha" title="Gathanna cosmacha">gathanna cosmacha</a> ar eibleachtaí fótagrafacha. Mar seo a fionnadh muóin (1937) agus pióin (1947). Ar dtús ceapadh gurbh iompróir fórsa núicléach an pión, de réir teoirice a chum <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Hideki Yukawa</a> i <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>, ach tá teoiricí agus tuiscintí nua tagtha ina hionad sin, bíodh is gur féidir an fórsa idir neodróin is prótóin i bhfisic núicléach ísealfhuinnimh a shamhlú mar fhórsa atá idirghafa ag pióin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuairc">Cuairc</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Cuir rannán in eagar: Cuairc" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>cuir in eagar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Cuairc"><span>athraigh foinse</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sna <a href="/wiki/1950id%C3%AD" title="1950idí">1950idí</a> léirigh staidéir eile ar ghathanna cosmacha agus turgnaimh le luasairí luatha go raibh cáithníní eile ann le maiseanna éagsúla. Léirigh cuid acu iompar aduain, mar cruthaíodh iad go héasca (rud a chuirfeadh in iúl gur trí fhórsaí láidre a cruthaíodh iad) ach mheath siad go mall (faoi mar gur fórsaí laga a bhí i gceist). Cumadh <a href="/wiki/Uimhir_chandamach" class="mw-redirect" title="Uimhir chandamach">uimhir chandamach</a> nua (<a href="/wiki/Aduaine" title="Aduaine">aduaine</a>) chun na torthaí seo a chuimsiú. Ina dhiaidh sin cumadh uimhreacha candamacha eile, le hainmneacha neamhghnácha eile, chun idirghníomhartha a braitheadh idir cáithníní a chuimsiú. Sna 1950idí-<a href="/wiki/1960id%C3%AD" title="1960idí">1960idí</a> fionnadh cuid mhaith cáithníní nua agus <a href="/wiki/Athshondas_(c%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD)" title="Athshondas (cáithníní)">athshondas</a>, ina measc an <a href="/wiki/Frithphr%C3%B3t%C3%B3n" title="Frithphrótón">frithphrótón</a> (rud a chruthaigh go raibh <a href="/wiki/Frithch%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Frithcháithníní">frithcháithníní</a> ann) agus an neoidríonó. Thug Murray Gel-Mann agus <a href="/wiki/Yuval_Ne%27eman" title="Yuval Ne'eman">Yuval Ne'eman</a> scéim rangaithe na gcáithníní isteach i <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a>, bunaithe ar shiméadracht agus lipéadú nua ar na cáithníní, le huimhreacha candamacha cosúil le haduaine agus <a href="/wiki/Iseaghuairne" title="Iseaghuairne">iseaghuairne</a>. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a> thuairimigh Gel-Mann agus an fisiceoir <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A1it_Aontaithe_Mheirice%C3%A1" title="Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá">Meiriceánach</a> Georg Zweig (<a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a>-) go raibh cáithníní teibí mar bhunús leis an tsiméadracht, agus thug siad an t-ainm cuairc ar na cáithníní sin. Ach i dturgnaimh leis an <a href="/wiki/Luasaire_l%C3%ADneach" title="Luasaire líneach">luasaire líneach</a> i Stanford, inar imbhuaileadh prótóin le leictreoin, taispeánadh go mb'fhéidir go raibh cáithníní taobh istigh de phrótóin le hairíonna na gcuarc. Bíodh is nár braitheadh na cuairc go díreach, meastar go forleathan gurb iad cáithníní bunúsacha na bprótón, na <a href="/wiki/Neodr%C3%B3n" title="Neodrón">neodrón</a> agus chuid mhaith de na cáithníní fo-adamhacha eile iad (nó níos bunúsaí ná mar a bhí ar eolas). </p><p>Beartaíodh teoiric iomlán an fhórsa láidir i <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>, ina gcuireann glúóin an fórsa láidir i bhfeidhm idir na cuairc agus <i><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%B3maidinimic_chandamach" title="Crómaidinimic chandamach">crómaidinimic chandamach</a></i> tugtha ar an toradh. Tuigtear fórsaí laga, a rialaíonn béite-<a href="/wiki/Meath_radaighn%C3%ADomhach" title="Meath radaighníomhach">mheath radaighníomhach</a>, de réir mheath na gcuarc aonarach. Nuair a mheathann neodrón go dtí prótón, meathann u-chuarc amháin sa neodrón chuig d-chuarc móide leictreon móide frithneoidríonó. Roinneann cáithníní W is Z an fórsa lag, agus cuireann <a href="/wiki/Teoiric_Glashow-Weinberg-Salam" title="Teoiric Glashow-Weinberg-Salam">teoiric Glashow-Weinberg-Salam</a> (1968) síos go sásúil air. Cuireann an <a href="/wiki/Leictridinimic_chandamach" title="Leictridinimic chandamach">leictridinimic chandamach</a> síos ar idirghníomhartha leictreamaighnéadacha. Díríonn taighde an lae inniu ar fhadhbanna agus ar theorainneacha na dteoiricí seo a réiteach, agus ar iad a chur in oiriúint dá chéile agus don <a href="/wiki/Imtharraingt" title="Imtharraingt">imtharraingt</a> ar bhealach leanúnach. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naisc">Naisc</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Cuir rannán in eagar: Naisc" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>cuir in eagar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Naisc"><span>athraigh foinse</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9altfhisic" title="Réaltfhisic">Réaltfhisic</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Naisc_sheachtracha">Naisc sheachtracha</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Cuir rannán in eagar: Naisc sheachtracha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>cuir in eagar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Naisc sheachtracha"><span>athraigh foinse</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://particleadventure.org/">The Particle Adventure</a> - tionscadal oideachasúil atá ar siúl faoi choimirce an Particle Data Group, grúpa a bhaineann leis an Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.symmetrymagazine.org"><i>symmetry</i> magazine</a></li> <li>Nobes, Matthew (2002) "Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics" on Kuro5hin: :::<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2002/5/1/3712/31700">Part 1,</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2002/5/14/19363/8142">Part 2,</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2002/7/15/173318/784">Part 3a,</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2002/8/21/195035/576">Part 3b.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://public.web.cern.ch/public/">CERN</a> - European Organization for Nuclear Research</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fnal.gov/">Fermilab</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Aisghafa ó "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gCáithníní&oldid=1235815">https://ga.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fisic_na_gCáithníní&oldid=1235815</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speisialta:Categories" title="Speisialta:Categories">Catagóirí</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catag%C3%B3ir:Fisic_na_gC%C3%A1ithn%C3%ADn%C3%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catagóir:Fisic na gCáithníní (níl an leathanach ann)">Fisic na gCáithníní</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tugadh an leathanach seo cothrom le dáta an 29 Meán Fómhair 2024 ag 15:01.<br /></li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tá an téacs ar fáil faoi réir an <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License</a>; féadann téarmaí eile a bheith i bhfeidhm sa bhreis. 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