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This explore category covers archaeology from our earliest human-like ancestors to the birth of civilisation, and palaeontology from trilobites and dinosaurs to mammoths. <br><br> The Ancient Worlds explore topic brings together ABC news, transcripts, features and forums. It is regularly updated. </div> <br clear="all"> <div align="right" class="content"><a href="news.htm">news</a> . <a href="features.htm">features</a> . <a href="transcripts.htm">transcripts</a> . <a href="default.htm">home</a>  </div> <hr class="dino" width="98%" align="center" /> <img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /><br> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%" bgcolor="#ffffff"> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="1" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="right" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/explore/ancient/img/square.gif" width="23" height="20" border="0" alt="the Lab's Explore in Science" /></td> <td valign="bottom" align="left" valign="top"><a href="/science/explore/ancient/news.htm" class="explorehead">Latest News</a></td> <td align="left" width="2" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="the Lab's Explore in Science" /></td> <td> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/2007/2012104.htm" class="headline">Treasures may be hiding in sheltered bays</a><br /> Underwater caves in sheltered bays could house a wealth of untapped pre-European archaeological treasures, say Australian researchers. (<i>Science News, 24/08/2007</i>) </div> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/2007/2011671.htm" class="headline">Dinosaurs sprinted across the planet</a><br /> The smallest dinosaur could reach speeds of about 60 kilometres per hour and even the lumbering <i>Tyrannosaurus rex</i> would have been able to outrun most modern sportsmen, according to new research. (<i>Science News, 22/08/2007</i>) </div> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/08/21/2010370.htm" class="headline">Student unearths neolithic chewing gum</a><br /> (<i>News Online, 21/08/2007</i>) </div> <div align="right"><a href="/science/explore/ancient/news.htm" class="rightdark">view more news</a></div> </td> <td align="left" width="2" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><hr class="dino" width="98%" align="center" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/explore/ancient/img/square.gif" width="23" height="20" border="0" alt="the Lab's Explore in Science" /></td> <td valign="bottom" align="left" valign="top"><a href="/science/explore/ancient/transcripts.htm" class="explorehead">Transcripts</a></td> <td align="left" width="2" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="the Lab's Explore in Science" /></td> <td valign="top"> <div class="content"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2007/1902711.htm">Australia's marsupial lion</a><br> John Long describes the discovery of the complete fossil bones of the most illusive of Australian prehistoric animals, the marsupial lion, <em> Thylacoleo carnifex.</em> Also present in the cave in the Nullarbor Plain were 23 species of kangaroo, including 8 new species. This megafauna was adapted to an arid climate. Despite seven major ice ages, over hundreds of thousands of years, these fauna survived. But around 46,000 years ago, there was widespread extinction, at a time of no climatic stress. This has sparked debate at the role of humans in the loss of Australia's megafauna, such as the marsupial lion. (Science Show 21/04/2007) </div> <br> <div class="content"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2006/1751898.htm">Dinosaurs and the evolution of flowering plants</a><br> It's been suggested that flowering plants evolved in response to the feeding of dinosaurs. eg their production of spines or toxins. Flowering plants, or angiosperms appear as fossils in China in the early Cretaceous, 125 million years ago. They became widespread about 70 million years ago. Flowering plants respond well to disturbance. (Science Show 30/09/2006) </div> <br> <div class="content"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2006/1724045.htm">Dinosaur Unearthed</a><br> Robert Jones describes dinosaur bones collected from the Southern Alberta Dinosaur Provincial Park in Canada. They will be displayed at the Australian Museum in Sydney in <em>Dinosaur Unearthed.</em> This collection will be the largest collection of dinosaur bones in Australia. (Science Show 26/08/2006) </div> <br> <div class="content"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2006/1658376.htm">Analysing ancient molecules</a><br> Dr Peggy Ostrom at Michigan State University uses high-tech tools to analyse the proteins of fossils. The sequencing and biochemistry of the molecules tells her much about the history of ancient creatures. Her latest research subject is a 42,000 year-old horse. (Science Show 10/06/2006) </div> <br> <div class="content"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2006/1640302.htm">Australia's megafauna extinction</a><br> Was it climate change or human intervention which caused the extinction of Australia's Pleistocene megafauna? Dr Barry Brook is reassessing evidence from the famous Cuddie Springs site in NSW, which claims a long coexistence of humans and megafauna. Dr Brook will use the latest techniques to date megafauna bones, which he says will prove unequivocally whether humans and megafauna overlapped, information which will help answer the question of human involvement in the extinction of these amazing animals. (Science Show 20/05/2006) </div> <br> <div align="right"><a href="/science/explore/ancient/transcripts.htm" class="rightdark">view more transcripts</a></div> </td> <td align="left" width="2" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><hr class="dino" width="98%" align="center" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/explore/ancient/img/square.gif" width="23" height="20" border="0" alt="the Lab's Explore in Science" /></td> <td valign="bottom" align="left" valign="top"><a href="/science/explore/ancient/features.htm" class="explorehead">Features</a></td> <td align="left" width="2" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="23" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="the Lab's Explore in Science" /></td> <td> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/expert/">Ask an Expert: Bird flu</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/expert/"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/promopix/birdflu_promo.gif" border="0" alt="Ask an Expert: Bird flu" align="right" /></a> Bird Flu is set to be the pandemic of our time. Are our emergency plans in place? How worried should we be? We asked for your questions and selected the most frequently asked and most intriguing ones. Here are the answers from some of Australia's top experts. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/expert/">Full Story</a> | Published 09/03/2006</div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/expert/realexpert/hobbits/">Humans, Hobbits & Neanderthals</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/expert/realexpert/hobbits/"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/promopix/realexpert20050602_promo.gif" border="0" alt="Humans, Hobbits & Neanderthals" align="right" /></a> How did humans evolve from our distant ancestors and how do hobbits fit into the picture? We asked for your questions on humans, hobbits and Neanderthals and selected the most frequently asked and most intriguing ones. Here are the answers from some of Australia's top experts. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/expert/realexpert/hobbits/">Full Story</a> | Published 02/06/2005</div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/societies/default.htm">Why societies collapse</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/societies/default.htm"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/img/promo/societies_promo.jpg" border="0" alt="Why societies collapse" align="right" /></a> Throughout human history, societies and civilisations have prospered and collapsed over time. The reasons, Jared Diamond argues, have lessons for our intricately interlinked planet today. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/societies/default.htm">Full Story</a> | Published 17/07/2003</div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/megafauna/default.htm">Death of the Megafauna</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/megafauna/default.htm"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/img/promo/mfauna_promo.gif" border="0" alt="Death of the Megafauna" align="right" /></a> Why did the megafauna die out? Was it changes in the physical environment or hunting by humans? Ruth Beran looks at the much-debated possible causes of the death of Australia's megafauna. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/features/megafauna/default.htm">Full Story</a> | Published 10/04/2003</div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/dinohunters/default.htm">Dinosaur Hunters</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/dinohunters/default.htm"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/promopix/dino_java.gif" border="0" alt="Dinosaur Hunters" align="right" /></a> Wendy Pyper tells of her time extracting the bones of a 20 metre dinosaur that lived in Australia's forests 95 million years ago. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/dinohunters/default.htm">Full Story</a> | Published 30/01/2003</div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/niahcave/default.htm">The Great Cave of Niah</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/niahcave/default.htm"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/promopix/niah_java.jpg" border="0" alt="The Great Cave of Niah" align="right" /></a> Archaeologist Huw Barton reports from Borneo's Great Cave of Niah on the 40 000 years of human occupation. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/niahcave/default.htm">Full Story</a> | Published 19/07/2001</div> <br clear="all" /> <div class="content"> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/mungoman/default.htm">Mungo Mania</a><br> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/mungoman/default.htm"><img src="https://www.abc.net.au/science/promopix/mungo_java.jpg" border="0" alt="Mungo Mania" align="right" /></a> Leigh Dayton delves into the drama surrounding Australia's oldest resident, Mungo Man. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/mungoman/default.htm">Full Story</a> | Published 22/02/2001</div> <br clear="all" /> <div align="right"><a href="/science/explore/ancient/features.htm" class="rightdark">view more features</a></div> </td> <td align="left" width="2" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> </table> <hr class="dino" width="98%" align="center" /> <div align="right" class="content"><a href="news.htm">news</a> . <a href="features.htm">features</a> . <a href="transcripts.htm">transcripts</a> . <a href="default.htm">home</a>  </div> <div align="right" class="content"><a href="/science/explore/">explore more topics</a>   </div> <br> </td> <td valign="top" width="5" bgcolor="#ffffff"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="5" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td>  <td width="30%" valign="top" bgcolor="#ffffff"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="90%" bgcolor="#FF9933" align="left"> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/w_t_l.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="left" valign="top" width="10"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="10" height="1" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="right" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="155" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="right" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/w_t_r.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="20" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="left" valign="top" width="10"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="10" height="1" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="left" valign="top"><a href="/science/explore/default.htm" class="exploredark">More Explore Topics</a></td> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" valign="top"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="2" height="2" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td align="left" valign="top" width="10"><img src="/science/img/clear.gif" width="10" height="1" border="0" alt=" " /></td> <td valign="top"> <div> <a 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