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decentralized control</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: decentralized control"> <meta name="keywords" content="decentralized control"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="decentralized control"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 10915</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: decentralized control</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10915</span> Stochastic Control of Decentralized Singularly Perturbed Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walid%20S.%20Alfuhaid">Walid S. Alfuhaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saud%20A.%20Alghamdi"> Saud A. Alghamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20M.%20Watkins"> John M. Watkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Edwin%20Sawan"> M. Edwin Sawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Designing a controller for stochastic decentralized interconnected large scale systems usually involves a high degree of complexity and computation ability. Noise, observability, and controllability of all system states, connectivity, and channel bandwidth are other constraints to design procedures for distributed large scale systems. The quasi-steady state model investigated in this paper is a reduced order model of the original system using singular perturbation techniques. This paper results in an optimal control synthesis to design an observer based feedback controller by standard stochastic control theory techniques using Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) approach and Kalman filter design with less complexity and computation requirements. Numerical example is given at the end to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized" title="decentralized">decentralized</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=output" title=" output"> output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singular%20perturb" title=" singular perturb"> singular perturb</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45093/stochastic-control-of-decentralized-singularly-perturbed-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10914</span> A Biomimetic Approach for the Multi-Objective Optimization of Kinetic Façade Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Do-Jin%20Jang">Do-Jin Jang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Ah%20Kim"> Sung-Ah Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A kinetic façade responds to user requirements and environmental conditions.  In designing a kinetic façade, kinetic patterns play a key role in determining its performance. This paper proposes a biomimetic method for the multi-objective optimization for kinetic façade design. The autonomous decentralized control system is combined with flocking algorithm. The flocking agents are autonomously reacting to sensor values and bring about kinetic patterns changing over time. A series of experiments were conducted to verify the potential and limitations of the flocking based decentralized control. As a result, it could show the highest performance balancing multiple objectives such as solar radiation and openness among the comparison group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomimicry" title="biomimicry">biomimicry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flocking%20algorithm" title=" flocking algorithm"> flocking algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20decentralized%20control" title=" autonomous decentralized control"> autonomous decentralized control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71381/a-biomimetic-approach-for-the-multi-objective-optimization-of-kinetic-facade-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10913</span> Decentralized Control of Interconnected Systems with Non-Linear Unknown Interconnections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haci%20Mehmet%20Guzey">Haci Mehmet Guzey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Levent%20Acar"> Levent Acar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a novel decentralized controller is developed for linear systems with nonlinear unknown interconnections. A model linear decoupled system is assigned for each system. By using the difference actual and model state dynamics, the problem is formulated as inverse problem. Then, the interconnected dynamics are approximated by using Galerkin’s expansion method for inverse problems. Two different sets of orthogonal basis functions are utilized to approximate the interconnected dynamics. Approximated interconnections are utilized in the controller to cancel the interconnections and decouple the systems. Subsequently, the interconnected systems behave as a collection of decoupled systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20control" title="decentralized control">decentralized control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20problems" title=" inverse problems"> inverse problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20scale%20systems" title=" large scale systems"> large scale systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20interconnections" title=" nonlinear interconnections"> nonlinear interconnections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basis%20functions" title=" basis functions"> basis functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20identification" title=" system identification"> system identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20511/decentralized-control-of-interconnected-systems-with-non-linear-unknown-interconnections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10912</span> Improved Simultaneous Performance in the Time Domain and in the Frequency Domain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azeddine%20Ghodbane">Azeddine Ghodbane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Bensoussan"> David Bensoussan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20Hammami"> Maher Hammami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An innovative approach for controlling unstable and invertible systems has demonstrated superior performance compared to conventional controllers. It has been successfully applied to a levitation system and drone control. Simulations have yielded satisfactory performances when applied to a satellite antenna controller. This design method, based on sensitivity analysis, has also been extended to handle multivariable unstable and invertible systems that exhibit dominant diagonal characteristics at high frequencies, enabling decentralized control. Furthermore, this control method has been expanded to the realm of adaptive control. In this study, we introduce an alternative adaptive architecture that enhances both time and frequency performance, helpfully mitigating the effects of disturbances from the input plant and external disturbances affecting the output. To facilitate superior performance in both the time and frequency domains, we have developed user-friendly interactive design methods using the GeoGebra platform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20theory" title="control theory">control theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20control" title=" decentralized control"> decentralized control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20theory" title=" sensitivity theory"> sensitivity theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input-output%20stability%20theory" title=" input-output stability theory"> input-output stability theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20multivariable%20feedback%20control%20design" title=" robust multivariable feedback control design"> robust multivariable feedback control design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163118/improved-simultaneous-performance-in-the-time-domain-and-in-the-frequency-domain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10911</span> Fault Detection and Isolation in Attitude Control Subsystem of Spacecraft Formation Flying Using Extended Kalman Filters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ghasemi">S. Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Khorasani"> K. Khorasani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the problem of fault detection and isolation in the attitude control subsystem of spacecraft formation flying is considered. In order to design the fault detection method, an extended Kalman filter is utilized which is a nonlinear stochastic state estimation method. Three fault detection architectures, namely, centralized, decentralized, and semi-decentralized are designed based on the extended Kalman filters. Moreover, the residual generation and threshold selection techniques are proposed for these architectures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component" title="component">component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formation%20flight%20of%20satellites" title=" formation flight of satellites"> formation flight of satellites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extended%20Kalman%20filter" title=" extended Kalman filter"> extended Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20detection%20and%20isolation" title=" fault detection and isolation"> fault detection and isolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actuator%20fault" title=" actuator fault"> actuator fault</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26418/fault-detection-and-isolation-in-attitude-control-subsystem-of-spacecraft-formation-flying-using-extended-kalman-filters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10910</span> A Next-Generation Blockchain-Based Data Platform: Leveraging Decentralized Storage and Layer 2 Scaling for Secure Data Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20Harper">Kenneth Harper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rapid growth of data-driven decision-making across various industries necessitates advanced solutions to ensure data integrity, scalability, and security. This study introduces a decentralized data platform built on blockchain technology to improve data management processes in high-volume environments such as healthcare and financial services. The platform integrates blockchain networks using Cosmos SDK and Polkadot Substrate alongside decentralized storage solutions like IPFS and Filecoin, and coupled with decentralized computing infrastructure built on top of Avalanche. By leveraging advanced consensus mechanisms, we create a scalable, tamper-proof architecture that supports both structured and unstructured data. Key features include secure data ingestion, cryptographic hashing for robust data lineage, and Zero-Knowledge Proof mechanisms that enhance privacy while ensuring compliance with regulatory standards. Additionally, we implement performance optimizations through Layer 2 scaling solutions, including ZK-Rollups, which provide low-latency data access and trustless data verification across a distributed ledger. The findings from this exercise demonstrate significant improvements in data accessibility, reduced operational costs, and enhanced data integrity when tested in real-world scenarios. This platform reference architecture offers a decentralized alternative to traditional centralized data storage models, providing scalability, security, and operational efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmos%20SDK" title=" cosmos SDK"> cosmos SDK</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20data%20platform" title=" decentralized data platform"> decentralized data platform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IPFS" title=" IPFS"> IPFS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZK-Rollups" title=" ZK-Rollups"> ZK-Rollups</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191924/a-next-generation-blockchain-based-data-platform-leveraging-decentralized-storage-and-layer-2-scaling-for-secure-data-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10909</span> Power-Aware Adaptive Coverage Control with Consensus Protocol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mert%20Turanli">Mert Turanli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20Temeltas"> Hakan Temeltas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a new approach to coverage control problem by using adaptive coordination and power aware control laws. Nonholonomic mobile nodes position themselves suboptimally according to a time-varying density function using Centroidal Voronoi Tesellations. The Lyapunov stability analysis of the adaptive and decentralized approach is given. A linear consensus protocol is used to establish synchronization among the mobile nodes. Also, repulsive forces prevent nodes from collision. Simulation results show that by using power aware control laws, energy consumption of the nodes can be reduced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20aware" title="power aware">power aware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coverage%20control" title=" coverage control"> coverage control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive" title=" adaptive"> adaptive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consensus" title=" consensus"> consensus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonholonomic" title=" nonholonomic"> nonholonomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination" title=" coordination"> coordination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34760/power-aware-adaptive-coverage-control-with-consensus-protocol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10908</span> Blockchain-Based Assignment Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amogh%20Katti">Amogh Katti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Sai%20Asritha"> J. Sai Asritha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Nivedh"> D. Nivedh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kalyan%20Srinivas"> M. Kalyan Srinivas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Somnath%20Chakravarthi"> B. Somnath Chakravarthi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today's modern education system uses Learning Management System (LMS) portals for the scoring and grading of student performances, to maintain student records, and teachers are instructed to accept assignments through online submissions of .pdf,.doc,.ppt, etc. There is a risk of data tampering in the traditional portals; we will apply the Blockchain model instead of this traditional model to avoid data tampering and also provide a decentralized mechanism for overall fairness. Blockchain technology is a better and also recommended model because of the following features: consensus mechanism, decentralized system, cryptographic encryption, smart contracts, Ethereum blockchain. The proposed system ensures data integrity and tamper-proof assignment submission and grading, which will be helpful for both students and also educators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20technology" title="education technology">education technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20management%20system" title=" learning management system"> learning management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20applications" title=" decentralized applications"> decentralized applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title=" blockchain"> blockchain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176621/blockchain-based-assignment-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10907</span> Scalable Blockchain Solutions for NGOs: Enhancing Financial Transactions and Accountability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aarnav%20Singh">Aarnav Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayesh%20Ghatate"> Jayesh Ghatate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarush%20Pandey"> Tarush Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in addressing societal challenges, relying heavily on financial transactions to fund their impactful initiatives. However, traditional financial systems can be cumbersome and lack transparency, hindering the efficiency and trustworthiness of NGO operations. The Ethereum main-net, while pioneering the decentralized finance landscape, grapples with inherent scalability challenges, restricting its transaction throughput to a range of 15-45 transactions per second (TPS). This limitation poses substantial obstacles for NGOs engaging in swift and dynamic financial transactions critical to their operational efficiency. This research is a comprehensive exploration of the intricacies of these scalability challenges and delves into the design and implementation of a purpose-built blockchain system explicitly crafted to surmount these constraints. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-governmental%20organizations" title="non-governmental organizations">non-governmental organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20system" title=" decentralized system"> decentralized system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20knowledge%20Ethereum%20virtual%20machine" title=" zero knowledge Ethereum virtual machine"> zero knowledge Ethereum virtual machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20application" title=" decentralized application"> decentralized application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179647/scalable-blockchain-solutions-for-ngos-enhancing-financial-transactions-and-accountability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10906</span> Transforming Healthcare Data Privacy: Integrating Blockchain with Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Cryptographic Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20Harper">Kenneth Harper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blockchain technology presents solutions for managing healthcare data, addressing critical challenges in privacy, integrity, and access. This paper explores how privacy-preserving technologies, such as zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) and homomorphic encryption (HE), enhance decentralized healthcare platforms by enabling secure computations and patient data protection. An examination of the mathematical foundations of these methods, their practical applications, and how they meet the evolving demands of healthcare data security is unveiled. Using real-world examples, this research highlights industry-leading implementations and offers a roadmap for future applications in secure, decentralized healthcare ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptography" title=" cryptography"> cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20privacy" title=" data privacy"> data privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20data%20management" title=" decentralized data management"> decentralized data management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20privacy" title=" differential privacy"> differential privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20data%20security" title=" healthcare data security"> healthcare data security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homomorphic%20encryption" title=" homomorphic encryption"> homomorphic encryption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy-preserving%20technologies" title=" privacy-preserving technologies"> privacy-preserving technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secure%20computations" title=" secure computations"> secure computations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-knowledge%20proofs" title=" zero-knowledge proofs"> zero-knowledge proofs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191929/transforming-healthcare-data-privacy-integrating-blockchain-with-zero-knowledge-proofs-and-cryptographic-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191929.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10905</span> Building a Blockchain-based Internet of Things</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rob%20van%20den%20Dam">Rob van den Dam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today’s Internet of Things (IoT) comprises more than a billion intelligent devices, connected via wired/wireless communications. The expected proliferation of hundreds of billions more places us at the threshold of a transformation sweeping across the communications industry. Yet, we found that the IoT architecture and solutions that currently work for billions of devices won’t necessarily scale to tomorrow’s hundreds of billions of devices because of high cost, lack of privacy, not future-proof, lack of functional value and broken business models. As the IoT scales exponentially, decentralized networks have the potential to reduce infrastructure and maintenance costs to manufacturers. Decentralization also promises increased robustness by removing single points of failure that could exist in traditional centralized networks. By shifting the power in the network from the center to the edges, devices gain greater autonomy and can become points of transactions and economic value creation for owners and users. To validate the underlying technology vision, IBM jointly developed with Samsung Electronics the autonomous decentralized peer-to- peer proof-of-concept (PoC). The primary objective of this PoC was to establish a foundation on which to demonstrate several capabilities that are fundamental to building a decentralized IoT. Though many commercial systems in the future will exist as hybrid centralized-decentralized models, the PoC demonstrated a fully distributed proof. The PoC (a) validated the future vision for decentralized systems to extensively augment today’s centralized solutions, (b) demonstrated foundational IoT tasks without the use of centralized control, (c) proved that empowered devices can engage autonomously in marketplace transactions. The PoC opens the door for the communications and electronics industry to further explore the challenges and opportunities of potential hybrid models that can address the complexity and variety of requirements posed by the internet that continues to scale. Contents: (a) The new approach for an IoT that will be secure and scalable, (b) The three foundational technologies that are key for the future IoT, (c) The related business models and user experiences, (d) How such an IoT will create an 'Economy of Things', (e) The role of users, devices, and industries in the IoT future, (f) The winners in the IoT economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title="IoT">IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wired" title=" wired"> wired</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless" title=" wireless"> wireless</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34048/building-a-blockchain-based-internet-of-things" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10904</span> Providing a Secure, Reliable and Decentralized Document Management Solution Using Blockchain by a Virtual Identity Card</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meet%20Shah">Meet Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Aditya"> Ankita Aditya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhruv%20Bindra"> Dhruv Bindra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20Omkar"> V. S. Omkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aashruti%20Seervi"> Aashruti Seervi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In today's world, we need documents everywhere for a smooth workflow in the identification process or any other security aspects. The current system and techniques which are used for identification need one thing, that is ‘proof of existence’, which involves valid documents, for example, educational, financial, etc. The main issue with the current identity access management system and digital identification process is that the system is centralized in their network, which makes it inefficient. The paper presents the system which resolves all these cited issues. It is based on ‘blockchain’ technology, which is a 'decentralized system'. It allows transactions in a decentralized and immutable manner. The primary notion of the model is to ‘have everything with nothing’. It involves inter-linking required documents of a person with a single identity card so that a person can go anywhere without having the required documents with him/her. The person just needs to be physically present at a place wherein documents are necessary, and using a fingerprint impression and an iris scan print, the rest of the verification will progress. Furthermore, some technical overheads and advancements are listed. This paper also aims to layout its far-vision scenario of blockchain and its impact on future trends. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20system" title=" decentralized system"> decentralized system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fingerprint%20impression" title=" fingerprint impression"> fingerprint impression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20management" title=" identity management"> identity management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iris%20scan" title=" iris scan"> iris scan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118996/providing-a-secure-reliable-and-decentralized-document-management-solution-using-blockchain-by-a-virtual-identity-card" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118996.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10903</span> Blockchain-Based Decentralized Architecture for Secure Medical Records Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20M.%20Alshahrani">Saeed M. Alshahrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research integrated blockchain technology to reform medical records management in healthcare informatics. It was aimed at resolving the limitations of centralized systems by establishing a secure, decentralized, and user-centric platform. The system was architected with a sophisticated three-tiered structure, integrating advanced cryptographic methodologies, consensus algorithms, and the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (HL7 FHIR) standard to ensure data security, transaction validity, and semantic interoperability. The research has profound implications for healthcare delivery, patient care, legal compliance, operational efficiency, and academic advancements in blockchain technology and healthcare IT sectors. The methodology adapted in this research comprises of Preliminary Feasibility Study, Literature Review, Design and Development, Cryptographic Algorithm Integration, Modeling the data and testing the system. The research employed a permissioned blockchain with a Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm and Ethereum-based smart contracts. It integrated advanced cryptographic algorithms, role-based access control, multi-factor authentication, and RESTful APIs to ensure security, regulate access, authenticate user identities, and facilitate seamless data exchange between the blockchain and legacy healthcare systems. The research contributed to the development of a secure, interoperable, and decentralized system for managing medical records, addressing the limitations of the centralized systems that were in place. Future work will delve into optimizing the system further, exploring additional blockchain use cases in healthcare, and expanding the adoption of the system globally, contributing to the evolution of global healthcare practices and policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20informatics" title="healthcare informatics">healthcare informatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title=" blockchain"> blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20records%20management" title=" medical records management"> medical records management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20architecture" title=" decentralized architecture"> decentralized architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20security" title=" data security"> data security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptographic%20algorithms" title=" cryptographic algorithms"> cryptographic algorithms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173815/blockchain-based-decentralized-architecture-for-secure-medical-records-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173815.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10902</span> Decentralized Data Marketplace Framework Using Blockchain-Based Smart Contract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meshari%20Aljohani">Meshari Aljohani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephan%20Olariu"> Stephan Olariu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Mukkamala"> Ravi Mukkamala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data is essential for enhancing the quality of life. Its value creates chances for users to profit from data sales and purchases. Users in data marketplaces, however, must share and trade data in a secure and trusted environment while maintaining their privacy. The first main contribution of this paper is to identify enabling technologies and challenges facing the development of decentralized data marketplaces. The second main contribution is to propose a decentralized data marketplace framework based on blockchain technology. The proposed framework enables sellers and buyers to transact with more confidence. Using a security deposit, the system implements a unique approach for enforcing honesty in data exchange among anonymous individuals. Before the transaction is considered complete, the system has a time frame. As a result, users can submit disputes to the arbitrators which will review them and respond with their decision. Use cases are presented to demonstrate how these technologies help data marketplaces handle issues and challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data" title=" data"> data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20marketplace" title=" data marketplace"> data marketplace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20contract" title=" smart contract"> smart contract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reputation%20system" title=" reputation system"> reputation system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149122/decentralized-data-marketplace-framework-using-blockchain-based-smart-contract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10901</span> Enhancing Robustness in Federated Learning through Decentralized Oracle Consensus and Adaptive Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peiming%20Li">Peiming Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an innovative blockchain-based approach to enhance the reliability and efficiency of federated learning systems. By integrating a decentralized oracle consensus mechanism into the federated learning framework, we address key challenges of data and model integrity. Our approach utilizes a network of redundant oracles, functioning as independent validators within an epoch-based training system in the federated learning model. In federated learning, data is decentralized, residing on various participants' devices. This scenario often leads to concerns about data integrity and model quality. Our solution employs blockchain technology to establish a transparent and tamper-proof environment, ensuring secure data sharing and aggregation. The decentralized oracles, a concept borrowed from blockchain systems, act as unbiased validators. They assess the contributions of each participant using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM), which is crucial for evaluating the consistency of participant inputs and safeguarding against model poisoning and malicious activities. Our methodology's distinct feature is its epoch-based training. An epoch here refers to a specific training phase where data is updated and assessed for quality and relevance. The redundant oracles work in concert to validate data updates during these epochs, enhancing the system's resilience to security threats and data corruption. The effectiveness of this system was tested using the Mnist dataset, a standard in machine learning for benchmarking. Results demonstrate that our blockchain-oriented federated learning approach significantly boosts system resilience, addressing the common challenges of federated environments. This paper aims to make these advanced concepts accessible, even to those with a limited background in blockchain or federated learning. We provide a foundational understanding of how blockchain technology can revolutionize data integrity in decentralized systems and explain the role of oracles in maintaining model accuracy and reliability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=federated%20learning%20system" title="federated learning system">federated learning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20chain" title=" block chain"> block chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20oracles" title=" decentralized oracles"> decentralized oracles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hidden%20markov%20model" title=" hidden markov model"> hidden markov model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178691/enhancing-robustness-in-federated-learning-through-decentralized-oracle-consensus-and-adaptive-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10900</span> Characteristics of Domestic Sewage in Small Urban Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shohreh%20Azizi">Shohreh Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Memory%20Tekere"> Memory Tekere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wag%20Nel"> Wag Nel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An evaluation of the characteristics of wastewater generated from small communities was carried out in relation to decentralized approach for domestic sewage treatment plant and design of biological nutrient removal system. The study included the survey of the waste from various individual communities such as a hotel, a residential complex, an office premise, and an educational institute. The results indicate that the concentration of organic pollutant in wastewater from the residential complex is higher than the waste from all the other communities with COD 664 mg/l, BOD 370.2 mg/l and TSS 248.8 mg/l. And the waste water from office premise indicates low organic load with COD428 mg/l, BOD 232mg/l and TSS 157mg/l. The wastewater from residential complex was studied under activated sludge process to evaluate this technology for decentralized wastewater treatment. The Activated sludge process was operated at different 12to 4 hrs hydraulic retention times and the optimum 6 hrs HRT was selected, therefore the average reduction of COD (85.92%) and BOD (91.28 %) was achieved. The issue of sludge recycling, maintenance of biomass concentration and high HRT reactor (10 L) volume are making the system non-practical for smaller communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20communities" title=" small communities"> small communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20sludge%20process" title=" activated sludge process"> activated sludge process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20system" title=" decentralized system"> decentralized system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41627/characteristics-of-domestic-sewage-in-small-urban-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10899</span> Cybersecurity Assessment of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations in Smart Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Biasco">Claire Biasco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thaier%20Hayajneh"> Thaier Hayajneh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A smart city is the integration of digital technologies in urban environments to enhance the quality of life. Smart cities capture real-time information from devices, sensors, and network data to analyze and improve city functions such as traffic analysis, public safety, and environmental impacts. Current smart cities face controversy due to their reliance on real-time data tracking and surveillance. Internet of Things (IoT) devices and blockchain technology are converging to reshape smart city infrastructure away from its centralized model. Connecting IoT data to blockchain applications would create a peer-to-peer, decentralized model. Furthermore, blockchain technology powers the ability for IoT device data to shift from the ownership and control of centralized entities to individuals or communities with Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs). In the context of smart cities, DAOs can govern cyber-physical systems to have a greater influence over how urban services are being provided. This paper will explore how the core components of a smart city now apply to DAOs. We will also analyze different definitions of DAOs to determine their most important aspects in relation to smart cities. Both categorizations will provide a solid foundation to conduct a cybersecurity assessment of DAOs in smart cities. It will identify the benefits and risks of adopting DAOs as they currently operate. The paper will then provide several mitigation methods to combat cybersecurity risks of DAO integrations. Finally, we will give several insights into what challenges will be faced by DAO and blockchain spaces in the coming years before achieving a higher level of maturity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20city" title=" smart city"> smart city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DAO" title=" DAO"> DAO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165582/cybersecurity-assessment-of-decentralized-autonomous-organizations-in-smart-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10898</span> Decentralized Wastewater Treatment in Coastal Touristic Areas Using Standardized Modular Biological Filtration (SMBF)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20R%C3%BCdiger">Andreas Rüdiger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The selection of appropriate wastewater treatment technology for decentralized coastal tourist areas is an important engineering challenge. The local situation in coastal tourist cities and villages is characterized by important daily and seasonal fluctuations in hydraulic flow and pollution, high annual temperature variations, scarcity of building area and high housing density. At the same time, coastal zones have to meet stringent effluent limits all over the year and need simple and easy technologies to operate. This article presents the innovative technology of standardized modular aerated up-flow biofiltration SMBF as an adapted solution for decentralized wastewater treatment in sensitive touristic coastal areas. As modular technology with several biofiltration units, the system is able to treat low and high loads with low energy consumption and low demands for operators. The article focuses on the climatic and tourist situation in Croatia. Full-scale plants in Eastern Europe and Croatia have presented as well as dimensioning parameters and outlet concentrations. Energy consumption as a function of load is demonstrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title="wastewater treatment">wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofiltration" title=" biofiltration"> biofiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=touristic%20areas" title=" touristic areas"> touristic areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title=" energy saving"> energy saving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166151/decentralized-wastewater-treatment-in-coastal-touristic-areas-using-standardized-modular-biological-filtration-smbf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10897</span> Integrated Wastewater Reuse Project of the Faculty of Sciences AinChock, Morocco</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nihad%20Chakri">Nihad Chakri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Btissam%20El%20Amrani"> Btissam El Amrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faouzi%20Berrada"> Faouzi Berrada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Amraoui"> Fouad Amraoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Morocco, water scarcity requires the exploitation of non-conventional resources. Rural areas are under-equipped with sanitation infrastructure, unlike urban areas. Decentralized and low-cost solutions could improve the quality of life of the population and the environment. In this context, the Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock "FSAC" has undertaken an integrated project to treat part of its wastewater using a decentralized compact system. The project will propose alternative solutions that are inexpensive and adapted to the context of peri-urban and rural areas in order to treat the wastewater generated and use it for irrigation, watering, and cleaning. For this purpose, several tests were carried out in the laboratory in order to develop a liquid waste treatment system optimized for local conditions. Based on the results obtained at the laboratory scale of the different proposed scenarios, we designed and implemented a prototype of a mini wastewater treatment plant for the Faculty. In this article, we will outline the steps of dimensioning, construction, and monitoring of the mini-station in our Faculty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purification" title=" purification"> purification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20filter" title=" vertical filter"> vertical filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MBBR%20process" title=" MBBR process"> MBBR process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sizing" title=" sizing"> sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20pilot" title=" decentralized pilot"> decentralized pilot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation" title=" irrigation"> irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160485/integrated-wastewater-reuse-project-of-the-faculty-of-sciences-ainchock-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10896</span> Multi-Agent Coverage Control with Bounded Gain Forgetting Composite Adaptive Controller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mert%20Turanli">Mert Turanli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakan%20Temeltas"> Hakan Temeltas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present an adaptive controller for decentralized coordination problem of multiple non-holonomic agents. The performance of the presented Multi-Agent Bounded Gain Forgetting (BGF) Composite Adaptive controller is compared against the tracking error criterion with a Feedback Linearization controller. By using the method, the sensor nodes move and reconfigure themselves in a coordinated way in response to a sensed environment. The multi-agent coordination is achieved through Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations and Coverage Control. Also, a consensus protocol is used for synchronization of the parameter vectors. The two controllers are given with their Lyapunov stability analysis and their stability is verified with simulation results. The simulations are carried out in MATLAB and ROS environments. Better performance is obtained with BGF Adaptive Controller. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20control" title="adaptive control">adaptive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centroidal%20voronoi%20tessellations" title=" centroidal voronoi tessellations"> centroidal voronoi tessellations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20adaptation" title=" composite adaptation"> composite adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination" title=" coordination"> coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20robots" title=" multi robots"> multi robots</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57931/multi-agent-coverage-control-with-bounded-gain-forgetting-composite-adaptive-controller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10895</span> The Disposable Identities; Enabling Trust-by-Design to Build Sustainable Data-Driven Value</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lorna%20Goulden">Lorna Goulden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20M.%20Hermsen"> Kai M. Hermsen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jari%20Isohanni"> Jari Isohanni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirko%20Ross"> Mirko Ross</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jef%20Vanbockryck"> Jef Vanbockryck</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article introduces disposable identities, with reference use cases and explores possible technical approaches. The proposed approach, when fully developed as an open-source toolkit, enables developers of mobile or web apps to employ a self-sovereign identity and data privacy framework, in order to rebuild trust in digital services by providing greater transparency, decentralized control, and GDPR compliance. With a user interface for the management of self-sovereign identity, digital authorizations, and associated data-driven transactions, the advantage of Disposable Identities is that they may also contain verifiable data such as the owner’s photograph, official or even biometric identifiers for more proactive prevention of identity abuse. These Disposable Identities designed for decentralized privacy management can also be time, purpose and context-bound through a secure digital contract; with verification functionalities based on tamper-proof technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentity" title="dentity">dentity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-sovereign" title=" self-sovereign"> self-sovereign</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disposable%20identity" title=" disposable identity"> disposable identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy%20toolkit" title=" privacy toolkit"> privacy toolkit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralised%20identity" title=" decentralised identity"> decentralised identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verifiable%20credential" title=" verifiable credential"> verifiable credential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20driven%20business" title=" data driven business"> data driven business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PETs" title=" PETs"> PETs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDPRdentity" title=" GDPRdentity"> GDPRdentity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-sovereign" title=" self-sovereign"> self-sovereign</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disposable%20identity" title=" disposable identity"> disposable identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy%20toolkit" title=" privacy toolkit"> privacy toolkit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralised%20identity" title=" decentralised identity"> decentralised identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verifiable%20credential" title=" verifiable credential"> verifiable credential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20driven%20business" title=" data driven business"> data driven business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PETs" title=" PETs"> PETs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GDPRI" title=" GDPRI"> GDPRI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136294/the-disposable-identities-enabling-trust-by-design-to-build-sustainable-data-driven-value" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10894</span> Structured Cross System Planning and Control in Modular Production Systems by Using Agent-Based Control Loops</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Komesker">Simon Komesker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achim%20Wagner"> Achim Wagner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Ruskowski"> Martin Ruskowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In times of volatile markets with fluctuating demand and the uncertainty of global supply chains, flexible production systems are the key to an efficient implementation of a desired production program. In this publication, the authors present a holistic information concept taking into account various influencing factors for operating towards the global optimum. Therefore, a strategy for the implementation of multi-level planning for a flexible, reconfigurable production system with an alternative production concept in the automotive industry is developed. The main contribution of this work is a system structure mixing central and decentral planning and control evaluated in a simulation framework. The information system structure in current production systems in the automotive industry is rigidly hierarchically organized in monolithic systems. The production program is created rule-based with the premise of achieving uniform cycle time. This program then provides the information basis for execution in subsystems at the station and process execution level. In today's era of mixed-(car-)model factories, complex conditions and conflicts arise in achieving logistics, quality, and production goals. There is no provision for feedback loops of results from the process execution level (resources) and process supporting (quality and logistics) systems and reconsideration in the planning systems. To enable a robust production flow, the complexity of production system control is artificially reduced by the line structure and results, for example in material-intensive processes (buffers and safety stocks - two container principle also for different variants). The limited degrees of freedom of line production have produced the principle of progress figure control, which results in one-time sequencing, sequential order release, and relatively inflexible capacity control. As a result, modularly structured production systems such as modular production according to known approaches with more degrees of freedom are currently difficult to represent in terms of information technology. The remedy is an information concept that supports cross-system and cross-level information processing for centralized and decentralized decision-making. Through an architecture of hierarchically organized but decoupled subsystems, the paradigm of hybrid control is used, and a holonic manufacturing system is offered, which enables flexible information provisioning and processing support. In this way, the influences from quality, logistics, and production processes can be linked holistically with the advantages of mixed centralized and decentralized planning and control. Modular production systems also require modularly networked information systems with semi-autonomous optimization for a robust production flow. Dynamic prioritization of different key figures between subsystems should lead the production system to an overall optimum. The tasks and goals of quality, logistics, process, resource, and product areas in a cyber-physical production system are designed as an interconnected multi-agent-system. The result is an alternative system structure that executes centralized process planning and decentralized processing. An agent-based manufacturing control is used to enable different flexibility and reconfigurability states and manufacturing strategies in order to find optimal partial solutions of subsystems, that lead to a near global optimum for hybrid planning. This allows a robust near to plan execution with integrated quality control and intralogistics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holonic%20manufacturing%20system" title="holonic manufacturing system">holonic manufacturing system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modular%20production%20system" title=" modular production system"> modular production system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning" title=" planning"> planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20control" title=" and control"> and control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20structure" title=" system structure"> system structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142944/structured-cross-system-planning-and-control-in-modular-production-systems-by-using-agent-based-control-loops" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10893</span> Together - A Decentralized Application Connects Ideas and Investors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandragiri%20Nagadeep">Chandragiri Nagadeep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20V.%20V.%20S.%20Durga"> M. V. V. S. Durga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadu%20Mahikshith"> Sadu Mahikshith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Future generation is depended on new ideas and innovations that develops the country economical growth and technology standards so, Startups plays an important role in satisfying above goals. Startups includes support which is given by investing into it by investors but, single digit investors can’t keep supporting one startup and lot of security problems occurs while transferring large funds to startup’s bank account. Targeting security and most supportive funding, TogEther solves these issues by providing a platform where “Crowd Funding” is available in a decentralized way such that funding is done with digital currency called cryptocurrency where transactions are done in a secured way using “Block Chain Technology”. Not only Funding but also Ideas along with their documents can be presented and hosted with help of IPFS (Inter Planetary File System). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethereum" title=" ethereum"> ethereum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web3" title=" web3"> web3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactjs" title=" reactjs"> reactjs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interplanetary%20file%20system" title=" interplanetary file system"> interplanetary file system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=funding" title=" funding"> funding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140392/together-a-decentralized-application-connects-ideas-and-investors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10892</span> Fairly Irrigation Water Distribution between Upstream and Downstream Water Users in Water Shortage Periods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Hashemy%20Shahdany">S. M. Hashemy Shahdany</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Equitable water delivery becomes one of the main concerns for water authorities in arid regions. Due to water scarcity, providing reliable amount of water is not possible for most of the irrigation districts in arid regions. In this paper, water level difference control is applied to keep the water level errors equal in adjacent reaches. Distant downstream decentralized configurations of the control method are designed and tested under a realistic scenario shows canal operation under water shortage. The simulation results show that the difference controllers share the water level error among all of the users in a fair way. Therefore, water deficit has a similar influence on downstream as well as upstream and water offtakes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equitable%20water%20distribution" title="equitable water distribution">equitable water distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precise%20agriculture" title=" precise agriculture"> precise agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20agriculture" title=" sustainable agriculture"> sustainable agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20shortage" title=" water shortage"> water shortage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39301/fairly-irrigation-water-distribution-between-upstream-and-downstream-water-users-in-water-shortage-periods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10891</span> Mobile Assembly of Electric Vehicles: Decentralized, Low-Invest and Flexible </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achim%20Kampker">Achim Kampker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Kreiskoether"> Kai Kreiskoether</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannes%20Wagner"> Johannes Wagner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Fluchs"> Sarah Fluchs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing speed of innovation in related industries requires the automotive industry to adapt and increase release frequencies of new vehicle derivatives which implies a significant reduction of investments per vehicle and ramp-up times. Emerging markets in various parts of the world augment the currently dominating established main automotive markets. Local content requirements such as import tariffs on final products impede the accessibility of these micro markets, which is why in the future market exploitation will not be driven by pure sales activities anymore but rather by setting up local assembly units. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the concept of decentralized assembly and to discuss and critically assess some currently researched and crucial approaches in production technology. In order to determine the scope in which complementary mobile assembly can be profitable for manufacturers, a general cost model is set up and each cost driver is assessed with respect to varying levels of decentralization. One main result of the paper is that the presented approaches offer huge cost-saving potentials and are thus critical for future production strategies. Nevertheless, they still need to be further exploited in order for decentralized assembly to be profitable for companies. The optimal level of decentralization must, however, be specifically determined in each case and cannot be defined in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20assembly" title="automotive assembly">automotive assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-mobility" title=" e-mobility"> e-mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20technology" title=" production technology"> production technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=release%20capability" title=" release capability"> release capability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20series%20assembly" title=" small series assembly"> small series assembly</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56019/mobile-assembly-of-electric-vehicles-decentralized-low-invest-and-flexible" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10890</span> Supply Chain Coordination under Carbon Trading Mechanism in Case of Conflict</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fuqiang%20Wang">Fuqiang Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Liu"> Jun Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liyan%20Cai"> Liyan Cai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the coordination of the conflicting two-stage low carbon supply chain consisting of upstream and downstream manufacturers. The conflict means that the upstream manufacturer takes action for carbon emissions reduction under carbon trading mechanism while the downstream manufacturer’s production cost rises. It assumes for the Stackelberg game that the upstream manufacturer plays as a leader and the downstream manufacturer does as a follower. Four kinds of the situation of decentralized decision making, centralized decision-making, the production cost sharing contract and the carbon emissions reduction revenue sharing contract under decentralized decision making are considered. The backward induction approach is adopted to solve the game. The results show that the more intense the conflict is, the lower the efficiency of carbon emissions reduction and the higher the retail price is. The optimal investment of the decentralized supply chain under the two contracts is unchanged and still lower than that of the centralized supply chain. Both the production cost sharing contract and the carbon emissions reduction revenue sharing contract cannot coordinate the supply chain, because that the sharing cost or carbon emissions reduction sharing revenue will transfer through the wholesale price mechanism. As a result, it requires more complicated contract forms to coordinate such a supply chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cap-and-trade%20mechanism" title="cap-and-trade mechanism">cap-and-trade mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20emissions%20reduction" title=" carbon emissions reduction"> carbon emissions reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20coordination" title=" supply chain coordination"> supply chain coordination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54877/supply-chain-coordination-under-carbon-trading-mechanism-in-case-of-conflict" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10889</span> Multi Campus Universities: Exploring Structures and Administrative Relationships:; A Comparative Study of Eight Universities in UK and Five in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Akbarali">Laila Akbarali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the small scale study, an attempt is made to explore the structure and administrative relationships adopted by Multi Campus Universities [MCU] in UK and Pakistan and how these universities deal with some selected issues with respect to student related functions. For this study, literature on multi-site, divisionalized and other complex organizations related to business and Industry was consulted and an attempt was made to empirically test the normative models in the literature with respect to centralized , deconcentrated and decentralized structures. A questionnaire was used to gather data for this study. Purposive sampling was used. The findings of this study are somewhat different for UK and Pakistan. Contrary to a substantial body of organization theory, the results show that deconcentrated and decentralized universities in the UK are prone to delays in decision making and tend not to sensitive to local needs. In Pakistan on the other hand, deconcentrated and decentralized universities are more sensitive to local needs and there are less delays in decision making. The findings suggest that distance and reporting relationships could perhaps be responsible for the contradiction. The results also suggest that there is better coordination when the subsidiary campus sub-registrar reports to the registrar. The findings also highlight, that in both contexts, leadership at the campus level remains an issue. The results suggest that there may be factors other than structure that allow universities to keep their identity intact. The study highlights that MCU are inclined to use Information Technology and develop broad policies within which they allow their campuses to operate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20relationships" title="administrative relationships">administrative relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multi-Campus" title=" Multi-Campus"> Multi-Campus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organization%20structure" title=" organization structure"> organization structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=registrar" title=" registrar "> registrar </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26791/multi-campus-universities-exploring-structures-and-administrative-relationships-a-comparative-study-of-eight-universities-in-uk-and-five-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10888</span> Decentralized Forest Policy for Natural Sal (Shorea robusta) Forests Management in the Terai Region of Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medani%20Prasad%20Rijal">Medani Prasad Rijal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study outlines the impacts of decentralized forest policy on natural Sal (shorea robusta) forests in the Terai region of Nepal. The government has implemented community forestry program to manage the forest resources and improve the livelihood of local people collectively. The forest management authorities such as conserve, manage, develop and use of forest resources were shifted to the local communities, however, the ownership right of the forestland retained by the government. Local communities took the decision on harvesting, distribution, and sell of forest products by fixing the prices independently. The local communities were putting the low value of forest products and distributed among the user households on the name of collective decision. The decision of low valuation is devaluating the worth of forest products. Therefore, the study hypothesized that decision-making capacities are equally prominent next to the decentralized policy and program formulation. To accomplish the study, individual to group level discussions and questionnaire survey methods were applied with executive committee members and user households. The study revealed that the local intuition called Community Forest User Group (CFUG) committee normally took the decisions on consensus basis. Considering to the access and affording capacity of user households having poor economic backgrounds, low pricing mechanism of forest products has been practiced, even though the Sal timber is far expensive in the local market. The local communities thought that low pricing mechanism is accessible to all user households from poor to better off households. However, the analysis of forest products distribution opposed the assumption as most of the Sal timber, which is the most valuable forest product of community forest only purchased by the limited households of better economic conditions. Since the Terai region is heterogeneous by socio-economic conditions, better off households always have higher affording capacity and possibility of taking higher timber benefits because of low price mechanism. On the other hand, the minimum price rate of forest products has poor contribution in community fund collection. Consequently, it has poor support to carry out poverty alleviation activities to poor people. The local communities have been fixed Sal timber price rate around three times cheaper than normal market price, which is a strong evidence of forest product devaluation itself. Finally, the study concluded that the capacity building of local executives as the decision-makers of natural Sal forests is equally indispensable next to the policy and program formulation for effective decentralized forest management. Unilateral decentralized forest policy may devaluate the forest products rather than devolve of power to the local communities and empower to them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20forestry%20program" title="community forestry program">community forestry program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20forest%20policy" title=" decentralized forest policy"> decentralized forest policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepal" title=" Nepal"> Nepal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sal%20forests" title=" Sal forests"> Sal forests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Terai" title=" Terai"> Terai</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34007/decentralized-forest-policy-for-natural-sal-shorea-robusta-forests-management-in-the-terai-region-of-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10887</span> Traffic Signal Control Using Citizens’ Knowledge through the Wisdom of the Crowd</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandar%20Jovanovic">Aleksandar Jovanovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarina%20Kukic"> Katarina Kukic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Uzelac"> Ana Uzelac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dusan%20Teodorovic"> Dusan Teodorovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wisdom of the Crowd (WoC) is a decentralized method that uses the collective intelligence of humans. Individual guesses may be far from the target, but when considered as a group, they converge on optimal solutions for a given problem. We will utilize WoC to address the challenge of controlling traffic lights within intersections from the streets of Kragujevac, Serbia. The problem at hand falls within the category of NP-hard problems. We will employ an algorithm that leverages the swarm intelligence of bees: Bee Colony Optimization (BCO). Data regarding traffic signal timing at a single intersection will be gathered from citizens through a survey. Results obtained in that manner will be compared to the BCO results for different traffic scenarios. We will use Vissim traffic simulation software as a tool to compare the performance of bees’ and humans’ collective intelligence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wisdom%20of%20the%20crowd" title="wisdom of the crowd">wisdom of the crowd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20signal%20control" title=" traffic signal control"> traffic signal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combinatorial%20optimization" title=" combinatorial optimization"> combinatorial optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bee%20colony%20optimization" title=" bee colony optimization"> bee colony optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174794/traffic-signal-control-using-citizens-knowledge-through-the-wisdom-of-the-crowd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10886</span> Hierarchical Operation Strategies for Grid Connected Building Microgrid with Energy Storage and Photovoltatic Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seon-Ho%20Yoon">Seon-Ho Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Young%20Choi"> Jin-Young Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Jun%20Won"> Dong-Jun Won </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents hierarchical operation strategies which are minimizing operation error between day ahead operation plan and real time operation. Operating power systems between centralized and decentralized approaches can be represented as hierarchical control scheme, featured as primary control, secondary control and tertiary control. Primary control is known as local control, featuring fast response. Secondary control is referred to as microgrid Energy Management System (EMS). Tertiary control is responsible of coordinating the operations of multi-microgrids. In this paper, we formulated 3 stage microgrid operation strategies which are similar to hierarchical control scheme. First stage is to set a day ahead scheduled output power of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) which is only controllable source in microgrid and it is optimized to minimize cost of exchanged power with main grid using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Second stage is to control the active and reactive power of BESS to be operated in day ahead scheduled plan in case that State of Charge (SOC) error occurs between real time and scheduled plan. The third is rescheduling the system when the predicted error is over the limited value. The first stage can be compared with the secondary control in that it adjusts the active power. The second stage is comparable to the primary control in that it controls the error in local manner. The third stage is compared with the secondary control in that it manages power balancing. The proposed strategies will be applied to one of the buildings in Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute (ETRI). The building microgrid is composed of Photovoltaic (PV) generation, BESS and load and it will be interconnected with the main grid. Main purpose of that is minimizing operation cost and to be operated in scheduled plan. Simulation results support validation of proposed strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Battery%20Energy%20Storage%20System%20%28BESS%29" title="Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)">Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Energy%20Management%20System%20%28EMS%29" title=" Energy Management System (EMS)"> Energy Management System (EMS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microgrid%20%28MG%29" title=" Microgrid (MG)"> Microgrid (MG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Particle%20Swarm%20Optimization%20%28PSO%29" title=" Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)"> Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55127/hierarchical-operation-strategies-for-grid-connected-building-microgrid-with-energy-storage-and-photovoltatic-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20control&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20control&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20control&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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