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Personne morale — Wikipédia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Droit_par_pays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Droit par pays</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Droit_par_pays-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Droit par pays</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Droit_par_pays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-France" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#France"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>France</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-France-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personne_morale_de_droit_public" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personne_morale_de_droit_public"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Personne morale de droit public</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personne_morale_de_droit_public-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personne_morale_de_droit_privé" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personne_morale_de_droit_privé"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Personne morale de droit privé</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personne_morale_de_droit_privé-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personne_morale_de_droit_mixte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personne_morale_de_droit_mixte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Personne morale de droit mixte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personne_morale_de_droit_mixte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Québec_(Canada)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Québec_(Canada)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Québec (Canada)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Québec_(Canada)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Royaume-Uni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royaume-Uni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Royaume-Uni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royaume-Uni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suisse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suisse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Suisse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suisse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Personne morale</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 69 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="شخص اعتباري – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شخص اعتباري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89" title="شخص اعتبارى – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شخص اعتبارى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_xur%C3%ADdica" title="Persona xurídica – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Persona xurídica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCquqi_%C5%9F%C9%99xs" title="Hüquqi şəxs – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hüquqi şəxs" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%88%D3%99%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Юридик шәхес – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Юридик шәхес" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Юрыдычная асоба – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Юрыдычная асоба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Юрыдычная асоба – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Юрыдычная асоба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Юридическо лице – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Юридическо лице" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_jur%C3%ADdica" title="Persona jurídica – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Persona jurídica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C" title="کەسی قانوونی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کەسی قانوونی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1vnick%C3%A1_osoba" title="Právnická osoba – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Právnická osoba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D1%81%C4%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Юридицилле сăпат – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Юридицилле сăпат" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridisk_person" title="Juridisk person – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Juridisk person" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juristische_Person" title="Juristische Person – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Juristische Person" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%89%CF%80%CE%BF" title="Νομικό πρόσωπο – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νομικό πρόσωπο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridical_person" title="Juridical person – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Juridical person" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jura_persono" title="Jura persono – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jura persono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_jur%C3%ADdica" title="Persona jurídica – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Persona jurídica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juriidiline_isik" title="Juriidiline isik – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Juriidiline isik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertsona_juridiko" title="Pertsona juridiko – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pertsona juridiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82%DB%8C" title="شخص حقوقی – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شخص حقوقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oikeushenkil%C3%B6" title="Oikeushenkilö – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oikeushenkilö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persoa_xur%C3%ADdica" title="Persoa xurídica – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Persoa xurídica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravna_osoba" title="Pravna osoba – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pravna osoba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogi_szem%C3%A9ly" title="Jogi személy – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jogi személy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B1" title="Իրավաբանական անձ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իրավաբանական անձ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_hukum" title="Badan hukum – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Badan hukum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciala_persono" title="Judiciala persono – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Judiciala persono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ga%C3%B0ili" title="Lögaðili – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lögaðili" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_giuridica" title="Persona giuridica – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Persona giuridica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA" title="法人 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="法人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="იურიდიული პირი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იურიდიული პირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuridik_shaxs" title="Yuridik shaxs – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Yuridik shaxs" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%82%D2%B1%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0" title="Заңды тұлға – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Заңды тұлға" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%95%EC%9D%B8" title="법인 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="법인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Юридикалык жак – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Юридикалык жак" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_iuridica" title="Persona iuridica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Persona iuridica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juristesch_Persoun" title="Juristesch Persoun – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Juristesch Persoun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridinis_asmuo" title="Juridinis asmuo – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Juridinis asmuo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridiska_persona" title="Juridiska persona – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Juridiska persona" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Юридический лица – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Юридический лица" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Правно лице – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Правно лице" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B4" title="Хуулийн этгээд – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хуулийн этгээд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechtspersoon" title="Rechtspersoon – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rechtspersoon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridisk_person" title="Juridisk person – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Juridisk person" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridisk_person" title="Juridisk person – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Juridisk person" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_hur%C3%ADdiko" title="Persona hurídiko – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Persona hurídiko" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osoba_prawna" title="Osoba prawna – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Osoba prawna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pessoa_jur%C3%ADdica" title="Pessoa jurídica – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pessoa jurídica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persoan%C4%83_juridic%C4%83" title="Persoană juridică – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Persoană juridică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BE" title="Юридическое лицо – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Юридическое лицо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persone_giur%C3%ACdica" title="Persone giurìdica – sarde" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Persone giurìdica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravno_lice" title="Pravno lice – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pravno lice" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_entity" title="Legal entity – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Legal entity" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1vnick%C3%A1_osoba" title="Právnická osoba – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Právnická osoba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravna_oseba" title="Pravna oseba – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pravna oseba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravna_osoba" title="Pravna osoba – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Pravna osoba" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juridisk_person" title="Juridisk person – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Juridisk person" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D1%83%D2%9B%D1%83%D2%9B%D3%A3" title="Шахси ҳуқуқӣ – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шахси ҳуқуқӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCzel_ki%C5%9Fi" title="Tüzel kişi – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tüzel kişi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Юридик зат – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Юридик зат" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Юридична особа – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Юридична особа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuridik_shaxs" title="Yuridik shaxs – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yuridik shaxs" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persona_zuridega" title="Persona zuridega – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Persona zuridega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A1p_nh%C3%A2n" title="Pháp nhân – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pháp nhân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA" title="法人 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="法人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA" title="法人 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoat-j%C3%AEn" title="Hoat-jîn – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hoat-jîn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA_(%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B)" title="人 (法律) – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="人 (法律)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q155076#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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<div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l&#039;encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>En <a href="/wiki/Droit" title="Droit">droit</a>, une <b>personne morale</b> est une entité dotée de la <a href="/wiki/Personnalit%C3%A9_juridique" title="Personnalité juridique">personnalité juridique</a>, ce qui lui permet d'être directement titulaire de <a href="/wiki/Droits_subjectifs" class="mw-redirect" title="Droits subjectifs">droits</a> et d'<a href="/wiki/Obligation_juridique" class="mw-redirect" title="Obligation juridique">obligations</a> en lieu et place des <a href="/wiki/Personnes_physiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Personnes physiques">personnes physiques</a> ou morales qui la composent ou qui les ont créés (par exemple&#160;: entreprises, associations…). </p><p>La personne morale et la personne physique sont deux des principales entités pouvant avoir des droits et obligations. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notion">Notion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier la section : Notion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notion"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La diversité des situations rend difficile l'élaboration d'une définition générale, mais on peut définir une personne morale comme une entité qui peut être titulaire de <a href="/wiki/Droit_subjectif" title="Droit subjectif">droits</a> et d'<a href="/wiki/Obligation_juridique" class="mw-redirect" title="Obligation juridique">obligations</a>. Une personne morale est généralement constituée par un regroupement de <a href="/wiki/Personnes_physiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Personnes physiques">personnes physiques</a> ou morales qui souhaitent accomplir quelque chose en commun, mais il peut aussi s'agir d'un regroupement de <span class="page_h"><a href="/wiki/Bien_(droit)" title="Bien (droit)">biens</a></span> ou d'une personne morale constituée par la volonté d'une seule personne. À la différence des personnes physiques, il existe plusieurs catégories nommées de personnes morales, de forme et de <a href="/wiki/Capacit%C3%A9_juridique" title="Capacité juridique">capacité juridique</a> variables. </p><p>De nombreux <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_juridique" title="Système juridique">systèmes juridiques</a> reconnaissent l'existence des personnes morales, mais les règles les concernant varient beaucoup de l'un à l'autre. Elles peuvent être créées à l'initiative de personnes privées ou par des autorités publiques. Dans le premier cas, elles sont soumises au <a href="/wiki/Droit_priv%C3%A9" title="Droit privé">droit privé</a> et on parle alors généralement de «&#160;personnes morales de droit privé&#160;». Dans le second, elles sont la plupart du temps soumises à un régime de <a href="/wiki/Droit_public" title="Droit public">droit public</a> et on parle dans ce cas de «&#160;personnes morales de droit public&#160;». Il existe aussi des personnes morales en <a href="/wiki/Droit_international_public" title="Droit international public">droit international public</a> (voir sur ce dernier point <a href="/wiki/Droit_international_public#Sujets_du_droit_international" title="Droit international public">les sujets du droit international</a>). </p><p>La personnalité morale confère à la personne morale nombre d'attributs reconnus aux personnes physiques, comme le <a href="/wiki/Nom_(droit)" title="Nom (droit)">nom</a>, un <a href="/wiki/Patrimoine_(droit)" title="Patrimoine (droit)">patrimoine</a> ou un <a href="/wiki/Domicile" title="Domicile">domicile</a>. La personnalité morale permet notamment&#160;: </p> <ul><li>d'agir en justice&#160;;</li> <li>d'<a href="/wiki/Acquisition_marchande_des_biens_et_des_moyens_de_production" title="Acquisition marchande des biens et des moyens de production">acquérir des biens</a> meubles ou immeubles.</li></ul> <p>La capacité juridique des personnes morales peut être plus ou moins étendue. Par exemple, en droit français, la loi du <time class="nowrap" datetime="1901-07-01" data-sort-value="1901-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 1901</time> confère la personnalité morale aux <a href="/wiki/Association_loi_de_1901" title="Association loi de 1901">associations</a> déclarées. On parle de «&#160;petite personnalité&#160;»&#160;: cela permet à l'association d'encaisser des ressources (principalement les cotisations des membres, ou les éventuelles subventions publiques) et d'acquérir les bâtiments «&#160;strictement nécessaires à l'accomplissement du but qu'elle se propose&#160;»<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Toute personne morale est représentée par au moins une personne physique habilitée à l'engager (président par exemple), mais cette responsabilité peut être partagée entre de nombreux acteurs, particulièrement s'il s'agit d'engager un État tout entier. Dans ce cas, le pouvoir des différentes personnes peut être circonscrit à un domaine précis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Droit_par_pays">Droit par pays</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier la section : Droit par pays" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Droit par pays"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier la section : France" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : France"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Personne_morale_en_droit_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Personne morale en droit français">Personne morale en droit français</a>.</div></div> <p>Dans sa rédaction initiale, le <a href="/wiki/Code_civil_(France)" title="Code civil (France)">code civil</a> ignorait la personnalité morale, le <a href="/wiki/Droit_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Droit français">droit français</a> connaît actuellement des formes extrêmement diverses de personnes morales. La distinction la plus classique oppose les personnes morales de <a href="/wiki/Droit_public_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit public (France)">droit public</a> et celles de <a href="/wiki/Droit_priv%C3%A9_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit privé (France)">droit privé</a>. </p><p>En droit français, une personne morale peut aussi être soumise à une forme de contrôle par une autre personne morale, comme dans le cas de la <a href="/wiki/Tutelle_administrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Tutelle administrative">tutelle administrative</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Personne_morale_de_droit_public">Personne morale de droit public</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier la section : Personne morale de droit public" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personne morale de droit public"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les personnes morales soumise au droit public sont investies d'une mission d'intérêt général et titulaires de prérogatives privées. Elles comprennent l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89tat_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="État (France)">État</a>, les <a href="/wiki/Collectivit%C3%A9_territoriale" title="Collectivité territoriale">collectivités territoriales</a> (communes, départements, régions, collectivités d'outre mer) et les <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_(France)" title="Établissement public (France)">établissements publics</a> (établissements d'assistance — hôpitaux, centres communaux d'aide sociale —, établissements culturels — universités, lycées —, certains établissements corporatifs — chambres de commerce et d'industrie, de métiers et de l'artisanat, ou d'agriculture). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Personne_morale_de_droit_privé"><span id="Personne_morale_de_droit_priv.C3.A9"></span>Personne morale de droit privé</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier la section : Personne morale de droit privé" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personne morale de droit privé"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les personnes morales soumises au droit privé regroupent des groupements extrêmement nombreux et diversifiés qui, pour la plupart, présentent cette particularité que leur existence suppose nécessairement qu'ils acquièrent la personnalité juridique. Toutes les branches du droit privé utilisent la notion de personne morale et chacune sécrète ses propres catégories. Si certaines présentent un caractère très général comme la <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_en_droit_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société en droit français">société</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_civile" title="Société civile">société civile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entreprise" title="Entreprise">société commerciale</a> ou société agricole) et l'<a href="/wiki/Association_loi_de_1901" title="Association loi de 1901">association</a>, d'autres relèvent principalement, pour s'en tenir aux plus usuelles, du <a href="/wiki/Droit_civil_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit civil (France)">droit civil</a> (fondations, <a href="/wiki/Association_syndicale" title="Association syndicale">syndicats de propriétaires</a>), du <a href="/wiki/Droit_commercial_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit commercial (France)">droit commercial</a> (<a href="/wiki/Groupements_d%27int%C3%A9r%C3%AAt_%C3%A9conomique" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupements d&#39;intérêt économique">groupements d'intérêt économique</a>) ou du <a href="/wiki/Droit_social_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit social (France)">droit social</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syndicat" title="Syndicat">syndicats professionnels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_d%27entreprise" title="Comité d&#39;entreprise">comités d'entreprise</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_social_et_%C3%A9conomique" title="Comité social et économique">comité social et économique</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Personne_morale_de_droit_mixte">Personne morale de droit mixte</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier la section : Personne morale de droit mixte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Personne morale de droit mixte"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Existe une catégorie intermédiaire, les personnes morales de droit mixte, qui empruntent des éléments au droit public et au droit privé. Ainsi, certains établissements publics (entreprises nationalisées, services industriels et commerciaux) voient leur activité régie par le droit privé quand, à l'inverse, des personnes morales organiquement de droit privé sont investies de prérogatives de puissance publique (<a href="/wiki/Ordres_professionnels" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordres professionnels">ordres professionnels</a>, certaines associations). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Québec_(Canada)"><span id="Qu.C3.A9bec_.28Canada.29"></span>Québec (Canada)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier la section : Québec (Canada)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Québec (Canada)"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Droit_qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois" class="mw-redirect" title="Droit québécois">droit québécois</a>, les personnes morales possèdent la <a href="/wiki/Personnalit%C3%A9_juridique" title="Personnalité juridique">personnalité juridique</a><sup id="cite_ref-CCQ298_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCQ298-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, c'est-à-dire qu'elles peuvent être titulaires, de la même manière que les personnes physiques, de droits et d'obligations. </p><p>Le <a href="/wiki/Code_civil_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Code civil du Québec">Code civil du Québec</a> divise les personnes morales en personnes morales de «&#160;droit public&#160;» ou de «&#160;droit privé&#160;»<sup id="cite_ref-CCQ298_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCQ298-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Si les premières sont généralement soumises au <a href="/wiki/Droit_public" title="Droit public">droit public</a> et les deuxièmes au <a href="/wiki/Droit_priv%C3%A9" title="Droit privé">droit privé</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, la grande partie des règles juridiques sont similaires pour les deux catégories, contrairement au droit français. </p><p>Au <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Québec">Québec</a>, la personnalité morale doit être prévue dans une loi<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. À titre d'exemple, les entités suivantes bénéficient de la personnalité morale&#160;: </p> <ul><li>les <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_par_actions" title="Société par actions">sociétés par actions</a>&#160;;</li> <li>les <a href="/wiki/Municipalit%C3%A9_locale_(Qu%C3%A9bec)" title="Municipalité locale (Québec)">municipalités</a>&#160;;</li> <li>les <a href="/wiki/Commission_scolaire_au_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Commission scolaire au Québec">commissions scolaires</a>&#160;;</li> <li>les <a href="/wiki/Syndic_de_copropri%C3%A9t%C3%A9" title="Syndic de copropriété">syndics de copropriété</a>&#160;;</li> <li>la plupart des <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_la_Couronne" title="Société de la Couronne">sociétés d'État</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Royaume-Uni">Royaume-Uni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifier la section : Royaume-Uni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Royaume-Uni"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Salomon_v_A_Salomon_%26_Co." title="Salomon v A Salomon &amp; Co.">Salomon v A Salomon &amp; Co.</a> est un arrêt de principe du droit des sociétés britannique, mais qui a aussi eu un impact important dans les autres pays de <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a>. La décision unanime de la <a href="/wiki/Chambre_des_lords" title="Chambre des lords">Chambre des lords</a> a eu pour effet de fermement affirmer la doctrine de la <a href="/wiki/Personnalit%C3%A9_morale" class="mw-redirect" title="Personnalité morale">personnalité morale</a> distincte de la société, telle qu'énoncée dans la <i>Companies Act 1862</i>, de sorte que les créanciers d'une société insolvable ne pouvaient poursuivre les actionnaires de la société pour le paiement de dettes impayées. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suisse">Suisse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifier la section : Suisse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Suisse"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Personne_morale_(Suisse)" title="Personne morale (Suisse)">Personne morale (Suisse)</a>.</div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Voir à propos du statut des associations&#160;: <span class="ouvrage" id="FialaireMondielli2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jacques_FialaireÉric_Mondielli2005">Jacques <span class="nom_auteur">Fialaire</span> et Éric <span class="nom_auteur">Mondielli</span>, <cite style="font-style:normal">«&#160;La liberté d'association&#160;»</cite>, dans <cite class="italique">Droit fondamentaux et libertés publiques</cite>, Paris&#160;, Ellipses, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&#160;«&#160;Universités&#160;», <time>2005</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">528-542</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.btitle=Droit+fondamentaux+et+libert%C3%A9s+publiques&amp;rft.atitle=La+libert%C3%A9+d%27association&amp;rft.place=Paris%C2%A0&amp;rft.pub=Ellipses&amp;rft.aulast=Fialaire&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacques&amp;rft.au=Mondielli%2C+%C3%89ric&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.pages=528-542&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APersonne+morale"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CCQ298-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CCQ298_2-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-CCQ298_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"> Canada, <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Québec">Québec</a>. «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Code_civil_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Code civil du Québec">Code civil du Québec</a></cite>&#160;», <abbr class="abbr" title="article(s)">art.</abbr>&#160;298 <small>&#91;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&amp;file=/CCQ_1991/CCQ1991.html">lire en ligne</a>&#160;(page consultée le 26 décembre 2015)&#93;</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"> Canada, <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Québec">Québec</a>. «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Code_civil_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Code civil du Québec">Code civil du Québec</a></cite>&#160;», <abbr class="abbr" title="article(s)">art.</abbr>&#160;300 <small>&#91;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&amp;file=/CCQ_1991/CCQ1991.html">lire en ligne</a>&#160;(page consultée le 26 décembre 2015)&#93;</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"> Canada, <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Québec">Québec</a>. «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Code_civil_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Code civil du Québec">Code civil du Québec</a></cite>&#160;», <abbr class="abbr" title="article(s)">art.</abbr>&#160;299 <small>&#91;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=2&amp;file=/CCQ_1991/CCQ1991.html">lire en ligne</a>&#160;(page consultée le 26 décembre 2015)&#93;</small></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia&#160;:</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/personne_morale" class="extiw" title="wikt:personne morale">personne morale</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquisition_marchande_des_biens_et_des_moyens_de_production" title="Acquisition marchande des biens et des moyens de production">Acquisition marchande des biens et des moyens de production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droit_des_personnes" title="Droit des personnes">Droit des personnes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personnalit%C3%A9_juridique" title="Personnalité juridique">Personnalité juridique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personnalit%C3%A9_physique" class="mw-redirect" title="Personnalité physique">Personnalité physique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capacit%C3%A9_juridique" title="Capacité juridique">Capacité juridique</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droit_administratif" title="Droit administratif">Droit administratif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droit_des_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s" title="Droit des sociétés">Droit des sociétés</a></li> <li>Personne morale&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Personne_morale_en_droit_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Personne morale en droit français">en France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Personne_morale_(Suisse)" title="Personne morale (Suisse)">en Suisse</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personne_morale&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Jin2005"><span class="ouvrage" id="Qiang_Jin2005"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Qiang <span class="nom_auteur">Jin</span>, «&#160;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Corporate body name changes: Helping the user search efficiently and effectively</cite>&#160;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Library Collections, Acquisitions, &amp; Technical Services</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr>&#160;29, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&#160;3,&#8206; <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-09" data-sort-value="2005-09">septembre 2005</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&#160;<span class="nowrap">270–282</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1464-9055">1464-9055</a></span> et <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1873-1821">1873-1821</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649055.2005.10766065">10.1080/14649055.2005.10766065</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14649055.2005.10766065">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-03-26" data-sort-value="2022-03-26">26 mars 2022</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Corporate+body+name+changes%3A+Helping+the+user+search+efficiently+and+effectively&amp;rft.jtitle=Library+Collections%2C+Acquisitions%2C+%26+Technical+Services&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.aulast=Jin&amp;rft.aufirst=Qiang&amp;rft.date=2005-09&amp;rft.volume=29&amp;rft.pages=270%E2%80%93282&amp;rft.issn=1464-9055&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14649055.2005.10766065&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APersonne+morale"></span></span></span></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" 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