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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早年经历" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早年经历"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>早年经历</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早年经历-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-征战江南" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#征战江南"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>征战江南</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-征战江南-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-北伐大都" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#北伐大都"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>北伐大都</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-北伐大都-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-攻克晋陕" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#攻克晋陕"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>攻克晋陕</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-攻克晋陕-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-平定西北" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#平定西北"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>平定西北</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-平定西北-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晚年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晚年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>晚年</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晚年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家族成员" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家族成员"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>家族成员</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-家族成员-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关家族成员子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-家族成员-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-妻妾" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#妻妾"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>妻妾</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-妻妾-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-子女" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#子女"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>子女</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-子女-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-后代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#后代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>后代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-后代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-遺跡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#遺跡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>遺跡</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-遺跡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-艺术形象" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#艺术形象"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>艺术形象</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-艺术形象-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-被害死的鄉野傳說" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#被害死的鄉野傳說"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>被害死的鄉野傳說</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-被害死的鄉野傳說-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">徐達</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。18种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC_Ta" title="Sü Ta – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sü Ta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" title="徐達 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="徐達" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%8B%AC_(%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD)" title="서달 (중국) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서달 (중국)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B0" title="Сюй Да – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сюй Да" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B0" title="Сюй Да – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сюй Да" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="สวี ต๋า – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สวี ต๋า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Da" title="Xu Da – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Xu Da" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%AB_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1t" title="Từ Đạt – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Từ Đạt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE" title="徐达 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="徐达" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" title="徐達 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="徐達" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1355886#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>此條目介紹的是姓徐，字天德的明朝开国将领。关于姓徐，名天德的清朝白莲教起义领袖，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A4%A9%E5%BE%B7" title="徐天德">徐天德</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84560819">.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border:0;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox bordered vcard" style="width: 21em; font-size: 89%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="color: #000; background-color: #FFFFDD; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">徐达</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xu_Da.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="徐达像"><img alt="徐达像" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Xu_Da.jpg/220px-Xu_Da.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="394" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Xu_Da.jpg/330px-Xu_Da.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Xu_Da.jpg/440px-Xu_Da.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1685" data-file-height="3016" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">徐达像</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:center;background:#CDDBE8; color: #000; font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;">大明<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%A6%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="光禄大夫">光禄大夫</a>、左<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="柱国">柱国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%82%85" title="太傅">太傅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E7%9C%81" title="中书省">中书省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B3%E4%B8%9E%E7%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="右丞相">右丞相</a>参军国事</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">爵位</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">魏国公<br />追封中山王</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">籍貫</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">凤阳府凤阳县</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">族裔</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">汉族</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">字號</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">天德</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">諡號</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">武宁</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;">元至顺三年（1332年）<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E6%B1%9F%E5%8C%97%E7%AD%89%E5%A4%84%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E7%9C%81" title="河南江北等处行中书省">河南江北等处行中书省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%B0%E8%B7%AF" title="安丰路">安丰路</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%A0%E5%B7%9E" title="濠州">濠州</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9F%E7%A6%BB%E5%8E%BF" title="钟离县">钟离县</a>永丰乡<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;">明洪武十八年（1385年）二月二十七日(52-53歲)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E5%A4%A9%E5%BA%9C_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="应天府 (明朝)">南京应天府</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">墓葬</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE%E5%A2%93" title="徐达墓">徐达墓</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">配偶</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">妻张氏，存疑<br />妻<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA_(%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE)" title="谢夫人 (徐达)">谢氏</a><br />妾孙氏<br />妻贾氏，存疑</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">親屬</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="org">長子<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%9D%E7%A5%96" title="徐輝祖">徐輝祖</a><br />次子<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E6%B7%BB%E7%A6%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐添福（页面不存在）">徐添福</a><br />三子<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A2%9E%E5%A3%BD" title="徐增壽">徐增壽</a><br />四子<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%86%BA%E7%B7%92" title="徐膺緒">徐膺緒</a><br />長女<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%AD%9D%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="仁孝文皇后">徐皇后</a><br />次女代王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%A1%82" title="朱桂">朱桂</a>妃<br />三女安王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%A5%B9" title="朱楹">朱楹</a>妃<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>徐達</b>（1332年—1385年），<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a><b>天德</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，濠州鍾離永豐鄉（今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="安徽">安徽</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="鳳陽">鳳陽</a>東北）人，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a>开国功臣。元朝末年，徐达参加了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋">朱元璋</a>军队，追随其击败<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%8F%8B%E8%B0%85" title="陈友谅">陈友谅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="张士诚">张士诚</a>，朱元璋任为左相国。至正二十七年（1367年），任征虏大将军，与副将军<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%81%87%E6%98%A5" title="常遇春">常遇春</a>一起北伐中原，攻佔<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD" title="元大都">元大都</a>。此后又连年出兵打击<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%85%83" title="北元">北元</a>势力。官至<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="中書省">中書省</a>右丞相，封魏国公。同時也是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖">明成祖</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%88" title="国丈">國丈</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="明仁宗">明仁宗</a>朱高熾的外祖父。死后，朱元璋追封他本人及其曾祖父徐五四，祖父徐四七，父亲徐六四为中山王。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早年经历"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.B9.B4.E7.BB.8F.E5.8E.86"></span>早年经历</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：早年经历"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>徐达曾祖父徐五四，曾祖母何氏，祖父徐四七，祖母周氏，父亲徐六四，母亲蔡氏<sup id="cite_ref-nfww0911_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nfww0911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，家族世代务农。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a>二十三年九月<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，徐达三代先人皆追封中山王及中山王夫人。徐达面貌清癯，颧骨稍高，身材魁伟。自幼习武，元<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B3%E6%AD%A3" title="至正">至正</a>十三年（1353年），参加<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%B7%BE%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="红巾军">红巾军</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E8%88%88" title="郭子興">郭子興</a>部隊，后成为朱元璋手下的一员大将。朱元璋向南进攻<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E8%BF%9C" class="mw-disambig" title="定远">定远</a>，率领二十四人前去，徐达排在第一，率部在<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%81%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="滁州 (古代)">滁州</a>涧击败元军<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。至正十五年二月，又随军攻取<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8C%97%E9%BD%90)" title="和州 (北齐)">和州</a>，郭子兴任命徐达为镇抚。攻占和州后，郭子兴抓走<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%BE%B7%E5%B4%96" title="孫德崖">孙德崖</a>，孙德崖军也抓走朱元璋，徐达提出用自己换朱元璋，二人最终都幸免于难<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="征战江南"><span id=".E5.BE.81.E6.88.98.E6.B1.9F.E5.8D.97"></span>征战江南</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：征战江南"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>同年六月，朱元璋率徐达等人渡江，攻占<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="采石">采石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%BA%9C_(%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81)" title="太平府 (安徽省)">太平</a>。在攻打采石和太平的战斗中，徐达与<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%81%87%E6%98%A5" title="常遇春">常遇春</a>二人冲锋陷阵，勇冠三军，擒元将<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%88%E9%87%8E%E5%85%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陈野先（页面不存在）">陈野先</a>，随后徐达等分道攻占<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%A7%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="溧水">溧水</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%A7%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="溧阳">溧阳</a>等地。至正十六年二月，朱元璋攻下集庆后，命徐达东取<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%87%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="镇江">镇江</a>。镇江克后，徐达将兵号令严肃，秋毫无犯。此后被任命为淮兴翼统军元帅<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。当时，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="张士诚">张士诚</a>占据<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="常州">常州</a>，命令<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%88%E4%BF%9D%E4%BA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陈保二（页面不存在）">陈保二</a>率水师进攻镇江。徐达在龙潭击败陈保二，于是请求增兵围困常州。张士诚派出将领前来增援，徐达率部离开城池设下两道埋伏圈等待，派<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%9D%87%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王均用（页面不存在）">王均用</a>率部充当奇兵，而自己亲自指挥部队。张士诚军败走遭遇埋伏，被徐达击败，生擒张、汤二将。第二年攻克常州，晋升佥枢密院事。接着攻克<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%81%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="宁国">宁国</a>，进攻<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%85%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="宜兴">宜兴</a>，派前锋<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%9D" title="趙德勝">赵德胜</a>攻占<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E7%86%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="常熟">常熟</a>，生擒张士诚的弟弟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E5%A3%AB%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="张士德（页面不存在）">张士德</a>。至正十八年（1358年），再次进攻并攻占宜兴<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>朱元璋亲自率军进攻<a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%BA%E5%B7%9E" title="婺州">婺州</a>，命徐达留守应天，又派出军队击败<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="天完">天完</a>将领<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E6%99%AE%E8%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="赵普胜">赵普胜</a>军，收复<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="池州">池州</a>。改任奉国上将军、同知枢密院事。接着，徐达进攻安庆，从<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E4%B8%BA%E5%B8%82" title="无为市">无为</a>陆路进攻，夜袭浮山寨，破赵普胜部将于青山，并乘胜追击攻克<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%9C%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="潜山">潜山</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。之后，徐达回到<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="池州">池州</a>，与常遇春埋伏在九华山下，击败<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%8F%8B%E8%B0%85" title="陈友谅">陈友谅</a>军队，斩首万人，生擒三千人。常遇春说：“这是一支劲旅，不杀会成为后患。”徐达认为不可，于是上报朱元璋。而常遇春先前在夜晚坑杀俘虏过半，朱元璋不高兴，于是将其余俘虏全部释放。于是开始命令徐达统领其他将领。陈友谅进攻<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BE%99%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="龙江关（页面不存在）">龙江</a>，徐达在南门外驻军，与诸将拼死作战击败陈军，追击到慈湖，焚毁了他们的舰船<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>至正二十一年（1361年），徐达与陈友谅大战于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="江州">江州</a>，陈友谅败退，徐达追击。陈友谅率舰队从<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%94%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="沔阳">沔阳</a>出发，徐达在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E9%98%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="汉阳">汉阳</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%8C%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="沌口">沌口</a>驻军抵御。此时晋升中书右丞<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。第二年，朱元璋攻占<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%98%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="南昌">南昌</a>，降将<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="祝宗（页面不存在）">祝宗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%B3%B0" title="康泰">康泰</a>叛变。徐达率沌口驻军击败他们。又跟从增援<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%B1%90" class="mw-disambig" title="安豐">安丰</a>，击败张士诚部下<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E7%8F%8D" title="吕珍">吕珍</a>，进围<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%90%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="庐州">庐州</a>。适逢陈友谅进攻南昌，朱元璋召徐达前来，在<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%B1%E9%98%B3%E6%B9%96" title="鄱阳湖">鄱阳湖</a>遭遇陈友谅军，史称<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%B1%E9%98%B3%E6%B9%96%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="鄱阳湖之战">鄱阳湖之战</a>。徐达击败陈友谅前锋，击杀一千五百人，缴获大型军舰一艘。朱元璋顾虑张士诚进攻后方，命徐达返回应天镇守，之后继续作战，击败陈友谅<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>至正二十四年（1364年）正月，朱元璋稱吳王，以徐達為左<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="相國">相國</a>。徐达率部攻克庐州，之后进攻<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E9%99%B5" class="mw-disambig" title="江陵">江陵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A1%E5%B7%9E" title="衡州">衡州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9D%E5%BA%86" title="宝庆">宝庆</a>等地，平定湖广。之后，指挥<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%81%87%E6%98%A5" title="常遇春">常遇春</a>等进攻淮东，攻占<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="泰州">泰州</a>。张士诚军攻占<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%85%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="宜兴">宜兴</a>，徐达率军收复。随后再次率兵渡江，攻占<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%82%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="高邮">高邮</a>，俘虏一千余人。再进军攻占<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%B1%90" class="mw-disambig" title="安豐">安丰</a>，俘虏元将<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BB%E9%83%BD" title="忻都">忻都</a>，迫使<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E5%90%9B%E5%BC%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="左君弼（页面不存在）">左君弼</a>逃亡，获得其全部舰船。元军进攻<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="徐州">徐州</a>，徐达率军迎击，斩杀俘虏以万为单位计算，淮南淮北完全平定<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。随后，徐达建议乘胜进攻张士诚<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。至正二十六年（1366年），朱元璋任命徐达为大将军，常遇春为副将军，统率二十万大军攻打张士诚。张士诚三路出击，徐达也分三路军应战，另外派兵扼其归路。张士诚战败回逃，不能入城，只得返回作战，徐达大败张士诚军，擒获将吏二百人，包围<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="湖州">湖州</a>。张士诚派<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E7%8F%8D" title="吕珍">吕珍</a>等率军六万前来援救，驻屯<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-disambig" title="舊館">旧馆</a>，修筑五寨以自固。徐达让常遇春等建造十座堡垒加以围阻。张士诚又亲率精兵来援，徐达在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%82%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皂林（页面不存在）">皂林</a>大败其军，张士诚逃走，遂攻克升山水陆寨。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%AA%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五太子（页面不存在）">五太子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%9A%B9" title="朱暹">朱暹</a>、吕珍等都投降，徐达巡行城下，湖州投降。然后攻下<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%B4%E6%B1%9F%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吴江州（页面不存在）">吴江州</a>，从太湖进围平江。次年，攻取<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%B1%9F%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="平江路">平江</a>，生擒<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="张士诚">张士诚</a>。在平江城即将被攻克时，徐达与常遇春相约说：“军队入城，我军扎营城左，你军扎营城右。”又命令将士道：“抢劫百姓财物者死，毁坏百姓房屋者死，擅自离营二十里者死。”入城之后，吴人安然如故。还师之后，徐达受封魏国公<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg/225px-Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg/338px-Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg/450px-Shengqi_Building_04_2011-04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a><figcaption>南京<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E9%82%BA%E5%8C%BA" title="建邺区">建邺区</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E6%84%81%E6%B9%96%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫愁湖公园（页面不存在）">莫愁湖公园</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9C%E6%A3%8B%E6%A5%BC" title="胜棋楼">胜棋楼</a>室内，朱元璋与徐达弈棋场景复原</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="北伐大都"><span id=".E5.8C.97.E4.BC.90.E5.A4.A7.E9.83.BD"></span>北伐大都</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：北伐大都"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>至正二十七年（1367年）11月，朱元璋命徐达为征虏大将军，常遇春为副将军，率领25万大军进行北伐，朱元璋亲自在龙江为这次征讨举行祭神仪式，并亲授方略<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。徐达率军攻克<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%82%E5%B7%9E" title="沂州">沂州</a>，招降守将<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A3" class="mw-disambig" title="王宣">王宣</a>。进一步攻克<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B3%84%E5%B7%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="峄州（页面不存在）">峄州</a>，王宣重新反叛，徐达便将他击杀。攻下莒、密、海诸州，然后派<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%94%BF" title="韓政">韩政</a>分兵扼守黄河。张兴祖攻取<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="东平">东平</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%AE%81" class="mw-redirect" title="济宁">济宁</a>，而自己率大军攻取<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E9%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="益都">益都</a>，攻下淮、胶等州县。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8E%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="济南">济南</a>投降，徐达分兵攻取登、莱，山东全部平定<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a>元年（1368年），朱元璋即皇帝位，以徐达为银青荣禄大夫、上柱国、右丞相、兼太子少傅<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。常遇春攻克<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%98%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="东昌">东昌</a>，会师济南，击斩乐安反叛者。然后徐达还军济宁，率水师溯黄河而上，直趋<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B4%E6%A2%81" title="汴梁">汴梁</a>，守将<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%8B%E5%BD%9D" title="李克彝">李克彝</a>逃走，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A6%E5%90%9B%E5%BC%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="左君弼（页面不存在）">左君弼</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%B9%E8%B4%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="竹贞（页面不存在）">竹贞</a>等投降。于是从<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E7%89%A2%E5%85%B3" title="虎牢关">虎牢关</a>进入洛阳，与元将<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%B1%E5%9B%A0%E5%B8%96%E6%9C%A8%E5%84%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脱因帖木儿（页面不存在）">脱因帖木儿</a>大战于洛水之北，元军兵败逃走。梁王<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%B2%81%E6%B8%A9" title="阿鲁温">阿鲁温</a>以河南投降，徐达率军平定嵩、陕、陈、汝等州，然后直捣<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%BC%E5%85%B3" title="潼关">潼关</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%80%9D%E9%BD%8A" title="李思齊">李思齐</a>逃往凤翔，张思道逃往<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%84%9C%E5%9F%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鄜城（页面不存在）">鄜城</a>，徐达率军入关，西到华州<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。捷报传来后，朱元璋巡幸汴梁，召徐达到其住所，摆酒设宴慰劳，并与他商议北伐之事。徐达说：“我大军平定齐鲁，扫平河洛，<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%BF%9D%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="王保保">王保保</a>徘徊观望；潼关已克，李思齐之辈狼狈西逃。元朝声援已绝，现在我们乘势直捣元都，便可以不战而取。”<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>閏七月，徐达与<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%81%87%E6%98%A5" title="常遇春">常遇春</a>率军会师河阴，派遣副将分道巡行河北之地，连下<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E8%BE%89" class="mw-redirect" title="卫辉">卫辉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B0%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="彰德">彰德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="广平">广平</a>。军队临时驻扎<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E6%B8%85" class="mw-redirect" title="临清">临清</a>，派<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%8F%8B%E5%BE%B7" title="傅友德">傅友德</a>开辟陆路使步骑兵通过，派<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%A7%E6%99%82" title="顧時">顾时</a>疏通河道使水师通行，然后引兵向北。常遇春已克<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="德州市">德州</a>，与徐达合兵攻取<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%98%86" class="mw-redirect" title="長蘆">长芦</a>，扼<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B2%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="直沽（页面不存在）">直沽</a>，搭浮桥让军队过河。水陆并进，在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="河西务（页面不存在）">河西务</a>大败元军，进一步攻克<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC)" title="通州 (北京)">通州</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%A1%BA%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="元顺帝">元顺帝</a>携后妃、太子向北逃走<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一天后，徐达陈兵<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E5%8C%96%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="齐化门">齐化门</a>，填濠登城。监国淮王<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%96%E6%9C%A8%E5%85%92%E4%B8%8D%E8%8A%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="帖木兒不花">帖木儿不花</a>、左丞相<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E7%AB%A5" title="庆童">庆童</a>、平章<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%AD%E5%84%BF%E5%BF%85%E5%A4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迭儿必失（页面不存在）">迭儿必失</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E8%B3%BD%E5%9B%A0%E4%B8%8D%E8%8A%B1" title="朴賽因不花">朴赛因不花</a>、右丞<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E5%BA%B7%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="张康伯（页面不存在）">张康伯</a>、御史中丞<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%A1%E5%B7%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="满川（页面不存在）">满川</a>等拒不投降，徐达便将他们斩首，除此之外，没杀一人。然后命人封闭府库，登记书籍、宝物，并命指挥<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E8%83%9C" title="张胜">张胜</a>带领一千士兵看守宫殿门，让宦官看护那些宫人、嫔妃、公主，严禁士兵侵扰欺凌她们。城中官民安居乐业，店铺照常营业<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="攻克晋陕"><span id=".E6.94.BB.E5.85.8B.E6.99.8B.E9.99.95"></span>攻克晋陕</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：攻克晋陕"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>攻克大都后，朱元璋命徐达与常遇春进取山西。常遇春攻占<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="保定">保定</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%BA%9C" title="中山府">中山</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="真定">真定</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E8%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="冯胜">冯胜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E5%92%8C" title="汤和">汤和</a>攻下<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%80%E5%BA%86" class="mw-redirect" title="怀庆">怀庆</a>，越过<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E8%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1" title="太行山">太行山</a>，攻取<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BD%E5%B7%9E" title="泽州">泽州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="潞州">潞州</a>，徐达率大军随后跟进。当时<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%BF%9D%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="王保保">王保保</a>（扩廓帖木儿）正引兵出<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%81%E9%97%A8%E5%85%B3" title="雁门关">雁门关</a>，将由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%BA%B8%E5%85%B3" title="居庸关">居庸关</a>进攻北平。徐达知道后，与诸将商议道：“扩廓率军远行，太原必定空虚。北平有<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E8%88%88%E7%A5%96" title="孫興祖">孙都督</a>在，足以御敌。现在我们乘敌不备，直捣太原，使其进不能战，退无所守，这就是攻击敌人的要害和虚弱之处。如果扩廓西还自救，我们就能将他擒获。”于是，徐达引兵直趋太原，王保保到保安，果然返回援救。徐达挑选精兵夜袭其营，王保保率十八名骑兵逃跑。徐达尽降其部众，攻克太原。又乘势收取大同，分兵巡行还未攻下的州县，山西全部平定<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>洪武二年，徐达引兵向西渡河，到达<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BF%E5%8F%B0" title="鹿台">鹿台</a>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E6%80%9D%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="张思道（页面不存在）">张思道</a>逃走，于是攻克<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%89%E5%85%83%E8%B7%AF" title="奉元路">奉元</a>。当时<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%81%87%E6%98%A5" title="常遇春">常遇春</a>攻下凤翔，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%80%9D%E9%BD%8A" title="李思齊">李思齐</a>逃至<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E6%B4%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="临洮">临洮</a>，徐达会集诸将商议军队的进攻方向，主张进攻临洮<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。于是率军渡陇，攻克<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="秦州">秦州</a>，攻下<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8F%E7%BE%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伏羌（页面不存在）">伏羌</a>、宁远，进入<a href="/wiki/%E9%9E%8F%E6%98%8C" class="mw-disambig" title="鞏昌">巩昌</a>，派右副将军冯胜进逼临洮，李思齐果然不战而降。然后分兵攻克<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="兰州">兰州</a>，击走豫王，全部缴获其部队辎重行李。回军出<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%97%9C" title="蕭關">萧关</a>，攻下<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="平凉">平凉</a>，张思道逃往宁夏，被王保保所捉，其弟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E8%89%AF%E8%87%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="张良臣（页面不存在）">张良臣</a>以庆阳投降，徐达派<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%9B%E9%A1%AF" title="薛顯">薛显</a>受降。张良臣重新反叛，趁夜出兵袭击，打伤薛显。徐达督军包围张良臣叛军，王保保遣将前来援救，徐达率军迎击，将其打败逃走，于是攻取庆阳，张良臣父子投入井中，便将其拉出斩首，陕西之地全部平定。朱元璋下诏，徐达班师回朝，赏赐丰厚的白金和丝绸<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="平定西北"><span id=".E5.B9.B3.E5.AE.9A.E8.A5.BF.E5.8C.97"></span>平定西北</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：平定西北"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg/200px-Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg/300px-Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg/400px-Portrait_of_Xu_Da_by_Gu_Jianlong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>徐达</figcaption></figure> <p>洪武三年（1370年）春，朱元璋又以徐达为大将军，平章<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0" class="mw-disambig" title="李文忠">李文忠</a>为副将军，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E5%BE%81" class="mw-redirect" title="明太祖第一次北征">分路出兵</a>攻打北元。徐达自潼关从西路出击，直捣<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="定西">定西</a>，攻打王保保。李文忠自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%BA%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="居庸">居庸</a>从东路出击，横穿沙漠，追击<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%98%AD%E5%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="元昭宗">元昭宗</a>。徐达兵至定西时，王保保退驻<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%88%E5%84%BF%E5%B3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沈儿峪（页面不存在）">沈儿峪</a>，徐达挥师逼近。双方隔沟而垒，一天之内交战数次<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。王保保派精兵从小路出发，进攻东南垒，左丞<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BE%B7%E6%BF%9F" title="胡德濟">胡德济</a>仓惶失措，军中惊扰，徐达率军将王保保击退。徐达因为他是<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%B7" title="胡大海">胡大海</a>之子，便将他押送到京城，而将他手下指挥斩首数人以示众。第二天，整顿军队，进兵夺沟，殊死作战，大破王保保军，擒获郯王、文济王及国公、平章以下文武官属一千八百六十余人，将士八万四千五百余人，马匹、骆驼等牲畜数以万计。王保保仅携妻子、儿女数人逃往<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="和林">和林</a>。胡德济被押至京城后，朱元璋释放了他，却又写信告诉徐达：“将军仿效<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E9%9D%92" title="卫青">卫青</a>不斩<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%BB%BA" title="蘇建">苏建</a>之事，难道你没看见<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%B0%E8%8B%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="穰苴">穰苴</a>是怎么对待<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8A%E8%B3%88_(%E9%BD%8A%E5%9C%8B)" title="莊賈 (齊國)">庄贾</a>的吗？将军杀了他，也便罢了。今天到朝廷商议此事，我且念他在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="信州">信州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E6%9A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="诸暨">诸暨</a>所立之功，不忍将他处死。从今以后，将军对这类事情不要再妄加姑息了。”<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>徐达打败王保保之后，立即率军从<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%BD%E5%B7%9E" title="徽州">徽州</a>南一百八渡到<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%A5%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="略阳">略阳</a>，攻克<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%94%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="沔州">沔州</a>，进入<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%9E%E4%BA%91%E6%A0%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="连云栈（页面不存在）">连云栈</a>，进攻<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="兴元">兴元</a>，将其攻克。而李文忠也攻克<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E6%98%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="应昌">应昌</a>，俘获元帝嫡孙妃嫔、公主及将相。捷报先后传到朝廷，朱元璋下诏令劲旅返回京城，并亲自在龙江迎接、慰劳。然后下诏大封功臣，授徐达为开国辅运推诚宣力武臣，特进光禄大夫、左柱国、太傅、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="明朝中書省">中书省</a>右丞相、参军国事，改封为魏国公，年禄五千石，给予世袭凭证。第二年，徐达率<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%9B%E7%86%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盛熙（页面不存在）">盛熙</a>等赴北平操练兵马，修筑城池，将山后军民迁移到各卫府，设置二百五十四屯，垦田一千三百余顷。该年冬天，徐达应召返回京城<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>洪武五年，朱元璋再次<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="明太祖第二次北伐">发兵北伐</a>，徐达作为征虏大将军从中路出发，左副将军<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="李文忠 (明朝)">李文忠</a>从东路出发，征西将军<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E8%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="冯胜">冯胜</a>从西路出发，各率五万骑兵出塞。徐达派都督<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%9D%E7%8E%89" class="mw-redirect" title="蓝玉">蓝玉</a>在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%89%8C%E6%B2%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土剌河（页面不存在）">土剌河</a>击败王保保。在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B1%E5%BD%A6%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朱彦德（页面不存在）">朱彦德</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%98%E4%BB%B2%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刘仲德（页面不存在）">刘仲德</a>规划下<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，王保保与<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%BA%E5%AE%97%E5%93%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贺宗哲（页面不存在）">贺宗哲</a>合兵力拒，徐达作战不利，死者数万人。朱元璋因为徐达功劳大，所以对此未予追究。当时李文忠军也作战失利，引兵返回。唯独冯胜进攻<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%A5%BF%E8%B5%B0%E5%BB%8A" title="河西走廊">河西走廊</a>，获得全胜，却因隐藏骆驼、马匹而获罪<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。第二年，徐达又率领诸将前往边疆，破元军于答剌海，然后还军北平，驻留三年才返回。洪武十四年（1381年），又率<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E5%92%8C" title="汤和">汤和</a>等征讨乃儿不花。不久，又返回镇守<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="北平">北平</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晚年"><span id=".E6.99.9A.E5.B9.B4"></span>晚年</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：晚年"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>徐达每年春天率军出征，晚冬又应召返回，习以为常。回京之后，总是把大将印章上交朱元璋，朱元璋赐他休假，设宴畅饮，与徐达以布衣兄弟相称，而徐达却对朱元璋更加恭敬谨慎。朱元璋曾从容对徐达说：“徐兄功劳很大，至今却还没有一个安宁的住处，我可以将旧邸送给你。”旧邸是朱元璋做吴王时居住的宫邸，徐达坚决推辞。有一天，朱元璋与徐达一起到旧邸去，硬让徐达喝酒喝醉，然后让人给他蓋上被子，抬到正室睡觉。徐达醒后，大吃一惊，慌忙跑下台阶，俯伏在地高喊死罪。朱元璋从旁窥视，看到他这么害怕，非常高兴。于是命令有关官员在旧邸前为徐达建造府宅，并在宅前立坊题上“大功”二字<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%83%9F%E5%BA%B8" title="胡惟庸">胡惟庸</a>当丞相时，想结交徐达，徐达不予理睬，胡惟庸便贿赂徐达的看门人福寿，让他对徐达图谋不轨，福寿揭发了他，徐达也不予追究，只是时时向朱元璋进言说胡惟庸不能胜任丞相之职。后来胡惟庸果然被处死，朱元璋为此更加重视徐达。洪武十七年（1384年），<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="太阴">太阴</a>侵犯上将，朱元璋心中憎恶。徐达在北平患了背疽，稍好一点时，朱元璋派徐达的长子<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%9D%E7%A5%96" title="徐輝祖">徐辉祖</a>携带他的亲笔信前往慰问，不久应召返回京师。次年二月，徐达病逝。朱元璋为此停止临朝听政，发丧时悲恸不已。追封徐达为中山王，谥号武宁，赠三世都为王爵。赐葬<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1" title="紫金山">鍾山</a>之阴，御制神道碑文。徐达配享太庙，肖像功臣庙，都位列第一<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <table class="cquote pullquote" role="presentation" style="margin:auto; display:table; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; background-color: transparent; color: inherit;width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="skin-invert" style="width: 20px; vertical-align: top; border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 40px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: .6em; text-align: left; padding: 10px; text-orientation: upright">“ </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">受命而出，成功而旋，不矜不伐，妇女无所爱，财宝无所取，中正无疵，昭明乎日月，大将军一人而已！ </td> <td class="skin-invert" style="width: 20px; vertical-align: bottom; border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 40px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-weight: bold; line-height: .6em; text-align: right; padding: 10px; text-orientation: upright">” </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="cquotecite" style="border: none; padding-right: 4%; font-size: smaller; text-align: right;"><cite>——朱元璋评价徐达</cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家族成员"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E6.97.8F.E6.88.90.E5.91.98"></span>家族成员</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：家族成员"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="妻妾"><span id=".E5.A6.BB.E5.A6.BE"></span>妻妾</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：妻妾"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>元配张氏，正史无记载，一说因张氏好鞭挞人至死，被朱元璋嫌弃<sup id="cite_ref-jy175_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jy175-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，或说张氏逝世<sup id="cite_ref-hmkgcz1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hmkgcz1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，或说张氏嫉妒<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。张氏去世后，朱元璋主持为徐达继娶谢氏。</li> <li>继室<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA_(%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE)" title="谢夫人 (徐达)">谢氏</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%86%8D%E5%85%B4" title="谢再兴">谢再兴</a>次女，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%96%87%E6%AD%A3_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%AE%97%E5%AE%A4)" title="朱文正 (明朝宗室)">朱文正</a>妻妹），可能在元配张氏生前就已嫁徐达。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%AD%9D%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="仁孝文皇后">徐皇后</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%9D%E7%A5%96" title="徐輝祖">徐辉祖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A2%9E%E5%A3%BD" title="徐增壽">徐增寿</a>生母。谢夫人的生平不详，但自明代以来关于她的传说、野史、伪史颇多。一说因生性狂妄善妒，言行失礼，被朱元璋下令杖毙。一说，谢夫人嫉妒马皇后，被朱元璋所杀。洪武二十年（1387年）冬十月，<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%BD%E5%B0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="追封">追封</a>谢氏为中山武宁王夫人<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>孙氏，徐膺緒生母，根据徐膺绪墓志<sup id="cite_ref-nfww0911_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nfww0911-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，孙氏当是徐达<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%BE%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="妾室">妾室</a>。徐膺绪孙徐显隆墓志<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>称孙氏封中山王夫人，是否是<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%BD%E5%B0%81" class="mw-redirect" title="追封">追封</a>，无其他史料可证。</li> <li>贾氏，仅见于《明实录<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>》中的一条记载，称贾氏是<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%A1%AF%E5%AE%97" title="徐顯宗">徐显宗</a>曾祖母、中山王夫人，推断为徐辉祖生母。但不论贾氏是徐达生前妻子，或是妾室追封中山王夫人头衔，均与《明实录》或其他史料相冲突。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="子女"><span id=".E5.AD.90.E5.A5.B3"></span>子女</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：子女"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>朱元璋为徐达撰写的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E9%81%93%E7%A2%91" title="神道碑">神道碑</a>，碑文称其四子四女。《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%87%E6%98%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%9B%BD%E8%87%A3%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皇明开国臣传（页面不存在）">皇明开国臣传</a><sup id="cite_ref-hmkgcz1_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hmkgcz1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>》及《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%8A%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="今言（页面不存在）">今言</a><sup id="cite_ref-jy175_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jy175-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>》均称四子四女皆谢氏所出。但据徐膺绪墓志，谢氏为其<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A1%E6%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="嫡母">嫡母</a>，孙氏为生母。据《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明实录">明实录</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>知谢氏为徐皇后生母。</li> <li>儿子，皆由朱元璋<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%90%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="赐名">赐名</a><sup id="cite_ref-msl1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msl1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>長子<sup id="cite_ref-msl1_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msl1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%9D%E7%A5%96" title="徐輝祖">徐輝祖</a>，初名允恭，生母有争议，襲魏國公，靖難之變後因反對朱棣政權遭削爵及禁錮家中，永乐五年（1407年）卒。</li> <li>次子<sup id="cite_ref-msl1_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msl1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E6%B7%BB%E7%A6%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐添福（页面不存在）">徐添福</a>，母不详，早卒。</li> <li>三子<sup id="cite_ref-msl1_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msl1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A2%9E%E5%A3%BD" title="徐增壽">徐增壽</a>，母谢氏，靖難之變時暗助<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖">朱棣</a>，為建文帝所殺；其後代世襲定國公。朱元璋功臣中惟徐達一家有兩位公爵。<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>四子<sup id="cite_ref-msl1_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msl1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%86%BA%E7%B7%92" title="徐膺緒">徐膺緒</a>，母孙氏，世襲指揮使，永乐十四年（1416年）卒。</li></ul></li> <li>女儿 <ul><li>長女：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%AD%9D%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="仁孝文皇后">仁孝文皇后</a>，母谢氏，明成祖皇后。洪武九年（1376年）正月二十七日，嫁給十七歲的燕王朱棣為王妃。洪武十年六月，生下朱棣長女朱玉英。洪武十一年，又生朱棣長子朱高熾（即明仁宗），共生三子四女。永乐五年（1407年）崩。</li> <li>次女：母不详，代王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%A1%82" title="朱桂">朱桂</a>妃<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，洪武二十四年（1391年）九月丙午<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，册封徐达第二女为代王妃。1393年，徐妃生朱桂子<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%81%9C%E7%85%93" title="朱遜煓">朱遜煓</a>。</li> <li>次女：母不详，安王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%A5%B9" title="朱楹">朱楹</a>妃，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a>二十四年（1391年）册封为王妃，<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F_(%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7)" title="正统 (年号)">正统</a>十四年（1449年）逝世<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>某女：没有史料记载生平。明代<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AA%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="伪史">伪史</a>称她为徐达第四女，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%92%E5%A9%9A%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="拒婚明成祖">母谢夫人曾拒绝将她嫁给明成祖为皇后</a>。或说她为徐达第三女，母贾夫人，名<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A6%99%E9%94%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="徐妙锦">妙锦</a>，亲自拒绝嫁给明成祖为皇后。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="后代"><span id=".E5.90.8E.E4.BB.A3"></span>后代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：后代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%BB%8D%E6%A1%A2" title="徐绍桢">徐绍桢</a>，第十四世孙，在<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="辛亥革命">辛亥革命</a>时发动<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%B5%B7%E7%BE%A9" title="辛亥南京起義">南京起義</a>，领导江浙联军攻克南京。 </p> <style 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colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">魏国忠贞公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%9D%E7%A5%96" title="徐輝祖">徐辉祖</a></b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E6%B7%BB%E7%A6%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐添福（页面不存在）">徐添福</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%86%BA%E7%B7%92" title="徐膺緒">徐膺绪</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定国忠愍公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%A2%9E%E5%A3%BD" title="徐增壽">徐增寿</a></b></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div 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colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定国公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%99%AF%E6%98%8C" title="徐景昌">徐景昌</a></b></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td 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1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr><tr align="center"><td class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr> <tr align="center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">魏国公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%A1%AF%E5%AE%97" title="徐顯宗">徐显宗</a></b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 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serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定国公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%A1%AF%E5%BF%A0" title="徐顯忠">徐显忠</a></b></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; 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height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">魏国庄靖公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E4%BF%8C" title="徐俌">徐俌</a></b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px 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style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td 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style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">魏国公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%B5%AC%E8%88%89" title="徐鵬舉">徐鹏举</a></b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定国荣僖公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%85%89%E7%A5%9A" title="徐光祚">徐光祚</a></b></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td 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style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td></tr><tr align="center"><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td 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style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td></tr><tr align="center"><td class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="skin-invert"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr> <tr align="center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">魏国公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%83%A4%E7%88%B5" title="徐胤爵">徐胤爵</a></b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E6%96%87%E7%88%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐文爵（页面不存在）">徐文爵</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定南伯<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E4%BB%81%E7%88%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐仁爵（页面不存在）">徐仁爵</a></b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定国公<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E5%B8%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="徐希（页面不存在）">徐希</a></b></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" class="skin-invert" style="border-right: 1px solid black;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;">定国公<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%85%81%E7%A6%8E" title="徐允禎">徐允祯</a></b></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> </tbody></table> </center> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="遺跡"><span id=".E9.81.BA.E8.B7.A1"></span>遺跡</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：遺跡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%B7%BA%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" title="白鷺洲公園">白鷺洲公園</a>即是历史上徐达家族的东花园。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE%E5%A2%93" title="徐达墓">徐达墓</a>现为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="全国重点文物保护单位">全国重点文物保护单位</a>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="艺术形象"><span id=".E8.89.BA.E6.9C.AF.E5.BD.A2.E8.B1.A1"></span>艺术形象</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：艺术形象"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>徐達</b>為<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%BA%B8" title="金庸">金庸</a>小說《<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%9A%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%A0%E9%BE%8D%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="倚天屠龍記">倚天屠龍記</a>》人物，鳳陽分壇壇主<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋">朱元璋</a>屬下。因得第三十四任教主<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E7%84%A1%E5%BF%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="張無忌">張無忌</a>授以<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%B3%E9%A3%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="岳飛">岳飛</a>兵書《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%A9%86%E9%81%BA%E6%9B%B8" title="武穆遺書">武穆遺書</a>》而成一方大將，為明教覆沒<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a>的一大功臣。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="亞洲電視">亞洲電視</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A6%E8%A1%A3%E8%A1%9B_(%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87)" title="錦衣衛 (香港電視劇)">錦衣衛</a>》 - <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E9%8C%9A_(%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF)" title="張錚 (香港)">張錚</a> 飾演</li> <li>2006年電視劇《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B_(2006%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7)" title="朱元璋 (2006年电视剧)">朱元璋</a>》 - <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="鄂布斯">鄂布斯</a> 飾演</li> <li>2022年電視劇《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%B2%B3%E6%9C%88%E6%98%8E" title="山河月明">山河月明</a>》- <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E8%B1%90%E6%AF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="張豐毅">張豐毅</a> 飾演</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="被害死的鄉野傳說"><span id=".E8.A2.AB.E5.AE.B3.E6.AD.BB.E7.9A.84.E9.84.89.E9.87.8E.E5.82.B3.E8.AA.AA"></span>被害死的鄉野傳說</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：被害死的鄉野傳說"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>据明朝<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%A6%8E%E5%8D%BF" title="徐禎卿">徐禎卿</a>所著的筆記小說《翦勝野聞》记载，徐達患有背疽，朱元璋命許多醫師來治療，病好了不少。結果朱元璋突然派遣使者帶著食物來賜給徐達，徐達在使者監視下，哭著吃完，並暗中叫醫師們逃跑。徐達不久就死了，朱元璋親自背著<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%99%E9%8C%A2" title="紙錢">紙錢</a>，披頭散髮、打赤腳走路，沿路痛哭到徐達家，並說是治病不力，命令捕殺所有醫師，並撫卹了徐達遺孀。此篇記載有朱元璋涉嫌毒死徐達的意味<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。後有<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E6%96%87%E7%A5%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="王文祿（页面不存在）">王文祿</a>《龍興慈記》說，徐達患有「背疽」，不能吃鵝肉（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%86%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="中醫">中醫</a>传说鵝為“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BC%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="發物（页面不存在）">發物</a>”，吃了背疽會發作而死），但朱元璋刻意賜徐達「蒸<a href="/wiki/%E9%B5%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="鵝">鵝</a>」，徐達流著眼淚把鵝肉吃完，不久毒發而亡。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="清代">清代</a>學者<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E7%BF%BC" title="趙翼">趙翼</a>對此二傳聞的評語為“無稽之談”<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8D%BB%E5%BE%B5%E9%8C%84" title="國朝獻徵錄">国朝献徵录</a>》（卷5）：“徐达，濠州永丰乡人。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8D%BB%E5%BE%B5%E9%8C%84" title="國朝獻徵錄">国朝献徵录</a>》（卷5）：“明年乙丑二月二十七日己未，薨，特封中山王，谥武宁，享年五十有四。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">徐達表字天德，取自《禮記・中庸》：“茍不固聰明聖知達天德者。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nfww0911-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nfww0911_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nfww0911_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">邵磊（江苏南京市博物馆）. 《明中山王徐达家族成员墓志考略》一、中军都督佥事徐膺绪墓志. 南方文物 (江西省南昌市: 江西省文物考古研究所). 2013, (2013年第4期): 180. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1004-6275"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1004-6275</span></a>. CN 36-1170/K <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到简体中文网页">（简体中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&rft.atitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%98%8E%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E7%8E%8B%E5%BE%90%E8%BE%BE%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%8F%E6%88%90%E5%91%98%E5%A2%93%E5%BF%97%E8%80%83%E7%95%A5%E3%80%8B%E4%B8%80%E3%80%81%E4%B8%AD%E5%86%9B%E9%83%BD%E7%9D%A3%E4%BD%A5%E4%BA%8B%E5%BE%90%E8%86%BA%E7%BB%AA%E5%A2%93%E5%BF%97&rft.au=%E9%82%B5%E7%A3%8A%EF%BC%88%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86%EF%BC%89&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1004-6275&rft.issue=2013%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC4%E6%9C%9F&rft.jtitle=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9&rft.pages=180&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明实录">明实录</a>·大明太祖高皇帝实录·卷之二百四》洪武二十三年九月......○加封中山王徐达岐阳王李文忠三代皆王爵先是......于是中山王曾祖祖父父俱封中山王曾祖母祖母母皆封中山王夫人岐阳王......○丙申魏国公徐辉祖等奏三代蒙恩俱已加封王爵其旧诰宜缴纳......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“徐达，字天德，濠人，世业农。达少有大志，长身高颧，刚毅武勇。太祖之为郭子兴部帅也，达时年二十二，往从之，一见语合。及太祖南略定远，帅二十四人往，达首与焉。寻从破元兵于滁州涧。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“从取和州，子兴授达镇抚。子兴执孙德崖，德崖军亦执太祖，达挺身诣德崖军请代，太祖乃得归，达亦获免。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“从渡江，拔采石，取太平，与常遇春皆为军锋冠。从破擒元将陈野先，别将兵取溧阳、溧水，从下集庆。太祖身居守，而命达为大将，帅诸军东攻镇江，拔之。号令明肃，城中宴然。授淮兴翼统军元帅。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“时张士诚已据常州，挟江东叛将陈保二以舟师攻镇江。达败之于龙潭，遂请益兵以围常州。士诚遣将来援。达以敌狡而锐，未易力取，乃离城设二伏以待，别遣将王均用为奇兵，而自督军战。敌退走遇伏，大败之，获其张、汤二将，进围常州。明年克之。进佥枢密院事。继克甯国，徇宜兴，使前锋赵德胜下常熟，擒士诚弟士德。明年复攻宜兴，克之。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“太祖自将攻婺州，命达留守应天，别遣兵袭破天完将赵普胜，复池州。迁奉国上将军、同知枢密院事。进攻安庆，自无为陆行，夜掩浮山寨，破普胜部将于青山，遂克潜山。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“太祖自将攻婺州，命达留守应天，别遣兵袭破天完将赵普胜，复池州。迁奉国上将军、同知枢密院事。进攻安庆，自无为陆行，夜掩浮山寨，破普胜部将于青山，遂克潜山。还镇池州，与遇春设伏，败陈友谅军于九华山下，斩首万人，生擒三千人。遇春曰：“此劲旅也，不杀为后患。”达不可，乃以状闻。而遇春先以夜坑其人过半，太祖不怿，悉纵遣馀众。于是始命达尽护诸将。陈友谅犯龙江，达军南门外，与诸将力战破之，追及之慈湖，焚其舟。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“明年，从伐汉，取江州。友谅走武昌，达追之。友谅出战舰沔阳，达营汉阳沌口以遏之。进中书右丞。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“明年，太祖定南昌，降将祝宗、康泰叛。达以沌口军讨平之。从援安丰，破吴将吕珍，遂围庐州。会汉人寇南昌，太祖召达自庐州来会师，遇于鄱阳湖。友谅军甚盛，达身先诸将力战，败其前锋，杀千五百人，获一巨舟。太祖知敌可破，而虑士诚内犯，即夜遣达还守应天，自帅诸将鏖战，竟毙友谅。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“明年，太祖称吴王，以达为左相国。复引兵围庐州，克其城。略下江陵、辰州、衡州、宝庆诸路，湖、湘平。召还，帅遇春等徇淮东，克泰州。吴人陷宜兴，达还救复之。复引兵渡江，克高邮，俘吴将士千余人。会遇春攻淮安，破吴军于马骡港，守将梅思祖以城降。进破安丰，获元将忻都，走左君弼，尽得其运艘。元兵侵徐州，迎击，大破之，俘斩万计。淮南、北悉平。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“师还，太祖议征吴。右相国李善长请缓之。达曰：“张氏汰而苛，大将李伯升辈徒拥子女玉帛，易与耳。用事者，黄、蔡、叶三参军，书生不知大计。臣奉主上威德，以大军蹙之，三吴可计日定。””</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“太祖大悦，拜达大将军，平章遇春为副将军，帅舟师二十万人薄湖州。敌三道出战，达亦分三军应之，别遣兵扼其归路。敌战败返走，不得入城。还战，大破之，擒将吏二百人，围其城。士诚遣吕珍等以兵六万赴救，屯旧馆，筑五寨自固。达使遇春等为十垒以遮之。士诚自以精兵来援，大破之于皁林。士诚走，遂拔升山水陆寨。五太子、朱暹、吕珍等皆降，以徇于城下，湖州降。遂下吴江州，从太湖进围平江……既而平江破，执士诚，传送应天，得胜兵二十五万人。城之将破也，达与遇春约曰：“师入，我营其左，公营其右。”又令荅士曰：“掠民财者死，毁民居者死，离营二十里者死。”既入，吴人安堵如故。师还，封魏国公。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8D%BB%E5%BE%B5%E9%8C%84" title="國朝獻徵錄">国朝献徵录</a>》（卷5）：“十月命为征虏大将军，帅诸将北取中原。上谕诸将曰：“征伐所以，奉天命，平祸乱，安生民，故命将出师，必在得人。今诸将非不健鬬，然能持重师有纪律，战胜攻取。得为将之体者，莫如大将军达，宜专主中军，策励群帅，运筹决胜，不可轻动。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“寻拜征虏大将军，以遇春为副，帅步骑二十五万人，北取中原，太祖亲祃于龙江。……师行，克沂州，降守将王宣。进克峄州，王宣复叛，击斩之。莒、密、海诸州悉下。乃使韩政分兵扼河，张兴祖取东平、济宁，而自帅大军拔益都，徇下潍、胶诸州县。济南降，分兵取登、莱。齐地悉定。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8D%BB%E5%BE%B5%E9%8C%84" title="國朝獻徵錄">国朝献徵录</a>》（卷5）：“洪武元年戊申，春正月，朕即大位；二月，命王为征虏大将军、银青荣禄大夫、上柱国、录军国重事、右丞相、太子少傅、国公，命率甲士二十五万，北定中原。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“洪武元年，太祖即帝位，以达为右丞相。册立皇太子，以达兼太子少傅。副将军遇春克东昌，会师济南，击斩乐安反者。还军济宁，引舟师溯河，趋汴梁，守将李克彝走，左君弼、竹贞等降。遂自虎牢关入洛阳，与元将脱因帖木儿大战洛水北，破走之。梁王阿鲁温以河南隆，略定嵩、陕、陈、汝诸州，遂捣潼关。李思齐奔凤翔，张思道奔鄜城，遂入关，西至华州。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“捷闻，太祖幸汴梁，召达诣行在所，置酒劳之，且谋北伐。达曰：“大军平齐鲁，扫河洛，王保保逡巡观望；潼关既克，思齐辈狼狈西奔。元声援已绝，今乘势直捣元都，可不战有也。”帝曰：“善。”达复进曰：“元都克，而其主北走，将穷追之乎？”帝曰：“元运衰矣，行自澌灭，不烦穷兵。出塞之后，固守封疆，防其侵轶可也。”达顿首受命。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷2）：“遂丙寅，克通州，元帝趋上都。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“遂与副将军会师河阴，遣裨将分道徇河北地，连下卫辉、彰德、广平。师次临清，使傅友德开陆道通步骑，顾时浚河通舟师，遂引而北。遇春已克德州，合兵取长芦，扼直沽，作浮桥以济师。水陆并进，大败元军于河西务，进克通州。顺帝帅后妃太子北去。逾日，达陈兵齐化门，填濠登城。监国淮王帖木儿不花，左丞相庆童，平章迭儿必失、朴赛因不花，右丞张康伯，御史中丞满川等不降，斩之，其余不戮一人。封府库，籍图书宝物，令指挥张胜以兵千人守宫殿门，使宦者护视诸宫人、妃、主，禁士卒毋所侵暴。吏民安居，市不易肆。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“捷闻，诏以元都为北平府，置六卫，留孙兴祖等守之，而命达与遇春进取山西。遇春先下保定、中山、真定，冯胜、汤和下怀庆，度太行，取泽、潞，达以大军继之。时扩廓帖木儿方引兵出雁门，将由居庸以攻北平。达闻之，与诸将谋曰：“扩廓远出，太原必虚。北平有孙都督在，足以御之。今乘敌不备，直捣太原，使进不得战，退无所守，所谓批亢捣虚者也。彼若西还自救，此成擒耳。”诸将皆曰：“善。”乃引兵趋太原。扩廓至保安，果还救。达选精兵夜袭其营。扩廓以十八骑遁去。尽降其众，遂克太原。乘势收大同，分兵徇未下州县。山西悉平。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“二年引兵西渡河。至鹿台，张思道遁，遂克奉元。时遇春下凤翔，李思齐走临洮，达会诸将议所向。皆曰：“张思道之才不如李思齐，而庆阳易于临洮，请先庆阳。”达曰：‘不然，庆阳城险而兵精，猝未易拔也。临洮北界河、湟，西控羌、戎，得之，其人足备战斗，物产足佐军储。蹙以大兵，思齐不走，则束手缚矣。临洮既克，于旁郡何有？’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“遂渡陇，克秦州，下伏羌、宁远，入巩昌，遣右副将军冯胜逼临洮，思齐果不战降。分兵克兰州，袭走豫王，尽收其部落辎重。还出萧关，下平凉。思道走宁夏，为扩廓所执，其弟良臣以庆阳降。达遣薛显受之。良臣复叛，夜出兵袭伤显。达督军围之。扩廓遣将来援，逆击败去，遂拔庆阳。良臣父子投于井，引出斩之。尽定陕西地。诏达班师，赐白金文绮甚厚。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“三年春帝复以达为大将军，平章李文忠为副将军，分道出兵。达自潼关出西道，取扩廓。文忠自居庸出东道，绝大漠，追元嗣主。达至定西，扩廓退屯沈儿峪，进军薄之。隔沟而垒，日数交。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“扩廓遣精兵从间道劫东南垒，左丞胡德济仓卒失措，军惊扰，达帅兵击却之。德济，大海子也，达以其功臣子，械送之京师，而斩其下指挥等数人以徇。明日，整兵夺沟，殊死战，大破扩廓兵。擒郯王、文济王及国公、平章以下文武僚属千八百六十余人，将士八万四千五百余人，马驼杂畜以巨万计。扩廓仅挟妻子数人奔和林。德济至京，帝释之，而以书谕达：‘将军效卫青不斩苏建耳，独不见穰苴之待庄贾乎？将军诛之，则已。今下廷议，吾且念其信州、诸暨功，不忍加诛。继自今，将军毋事姑息。’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“达既破扩廓，即帅师自徽州南一百八渡至略阳，克沔州，入连云栈，攻兴元，取之。而副将军文忠亦克应昌，获元嫡孙妃主将相。先后露布闻，诏振旅还京师。帝迎劳于龙江。乃下诏大封功臣，授达开国辅运推诚宣力武臣，特进光禄大夫、左柱国、太傅、中书右丞相参军国事，改封魏国公，岁禄五千石，予世券。明年帅盛熙等赴北平练军马，修城池，徙山后军民实诸卫府，置二百五十四屯，垦田一千三百余顷。其冬，召还。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《啸亭杂录》（卷四元二臣）：“元太子北遁后，史颇不详。有遗臣朱彦德、刘仲德二人者才俊，又受昭宗知遇，任为帷幄之助，二人亦感激用命。徐达出塞时，二人设伏兵以击之，达大败，仅以身免，元兵赖以复盛。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“五年复大发兵征扩廓。达以征虏大将军出中道，左副将军李文忠出东道，征西将军冯胜出西道，各将五万骑出塞。达遣都督蓝玉击败扩廓于土刺河。扩廓与贺宗哲合兵力拒，达战不利，死者数万人。帝以达功大，弗问也。时文忠军亦不利，引还。独胜至西凉获全胜，坐匿驼马，赏不行，事具《文忠》、《胜传》。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“明年，达复帅诸将行边，破敌于答剌海，还军北平，留三年而归。十四年，复帅汤和等讨乃儿不花。已，复还镇。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“每岁春出，冬暮召还，以为常。还辄上将印，赐休沐，宴见欢饮，有布衣兄弟称，而达愈恭慎。帝尝从容言：“徐兄功大，未有宁居，可赐以旧邸。”旧邸者，太祖为吴王时所居也。达固辞。一日，帝与达之邸，强饮之醉，而蒙之被，舁卧正寝。达醒，惊趋下阶，俯伏呼死罪。帝觇之，大悦。乃命有司即旧邸前治甲第，表其坊曰“大功”。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“胡惟庸为丞相，欲结好于达，达薄其人，不答，则赂达阍者福寿使图达。福寿发之，达亦不问；惟时时为帝言惟庸不任相。后果败，帝益重达。十七年，太阴犯上将，帝心恶之。达在北平病背疽，稍愈，帝遣达长子辉祖赍敕往劳，寻召还。明年二月，病笃，遂卒，年五十四。帝为辍朝，临丧悲恸不已。追封中山王，谥武宁，赠三世皆王爵。赐葬钟山之阴，御制神道碑文。配享太庙，肖像功臣庙，位皆第一。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jy175-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jy175_35-0"><sup><b>35.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jy175_35-1"><sup><b>35.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%8A%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="今言（页面不存在）">今言</a>·卷之二》一百七十五中山王初夫人张氏，继夫人谢氏。王出师归，孝陵谕王曰：「卿夫人好鞭挞人至死，此不足佐卿，朕为卿择一佳妇。」谢夫人是也。谢夫人生四子、四女......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hmkgcz1-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hmkgcz1_36-0"><sup><b>36.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hmkgcz1_36-1"><sup><b>36.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">（明）<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%A5%A8" title="朱國楨">朱国祯</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%87%E6%98%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%9B%BD%E8%87%A3%E4%BC%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皇明开国臣传（页面不存在）">皇明开国臣传</a>·卷之一·中山徐武宁王》初娶张氏卒。上为特继谢氏，生子女各四人，曰辉祖、曰添福、曰增寿、曰膺绪......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">（清）<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%A5%87%E9%BE%84" title="毛奇龄">毛奇龄</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9C%E6%9C%9D%E5%BD%A4%E5%8F%B2%E6%8B%BE%E9%81%97%E8%AE%B0" title="胜朝彤史拾遗记">胜朝彤史拾遗记</a>·卷一》〖成祖朝永乐〗徐皇后，成祖后也。武宁王徐达以张夫人妒，太祖为之娶谢氏。生后而贤......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明实录">明实录</a>·太祖实录·卷之一百八十六》》○戊辰追封中山武宁王徐达妻谢氏中山武宁王夫人○己巳夜太阴犯谒者......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">徐膺绪墓志原文：大明骠骑将军中军都督府佥事徐公圹志......祖妣蔡氏、妣谢氏，皆封中山王夫人，王母孙氏。公以洪武二十三年擢任尚宝司卿......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">（明）<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AA%E8%B0%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="倪谦">倪谦</a>撰《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="欽定四庫全書">钦定四库全书</a>•倪文僖集巻二十九》○墓志铭，中都留守司正留守徐公墓志铭：公讳显隆，字文盛，徐其姓也。世家凤阳，曾祖讳逹从太祖起兵，平定天下，为开国元勲。封魏国公，追封中山武宁王。祖讳膺绪，骠骑将军中军都督府都督佥事，考讳景弼左军都督府都督佥事，曾祖妣孙封中山王夫人，祖妣朱、妣毛皆封赠夫人......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《明实录·英宗睿皇帝实录·卷之六十三》正统五年春正月......○以<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E5%B7%9E%E5%BA%9C" title="常州府">常州府</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%85%B4%E5%8E%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="宜兴县">宜兴县</a>田地三十六顷赐魏国公徐显宗，是田原赐中山武宁王夫人贾氏，显宗其曾孙也故复赐之○辛未给僧童一万人<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%A6%E7%89%92" title="度牒">度牒</a>......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明实录">明实录</a>·太宗皇帝实录·卷六十九》永乐五年秋七月......○乙卯皇后徐氏崩，后中山武宁王达之长女，母夫人谢氏。后自幼贞静纯明，孝敬仁厚。王与夫人言此女......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-msl1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-msl1_43-0"><sup><b>43.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msl1_43-1"><sup><b>43.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msl1_43-2"><sup><b>43.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msl1_43-3"><sup><b>43.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-msl1_43-4"><sup><b>43.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明实录">明实录</a>·太祖实录·卷之一百七十一》○太傅魏国公徐达薨，子四人，皆上赐名，长子辉祖袭封魏国公，次添福授勋尉早世，次增寿擢右军都督府左都督，次膺绪中军都督府都督佥事......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“子四：辉祖、添福、膺绪、增寿。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“洪武諸功臣，惟達子孫有二公，分居兩京。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》（卷125）：“长女为文皇帝后，次代王妃，次安王妃。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《明实录·大明太祖高皇帝实录·卷之二百十二》洪武二十四年九月......○丙午册中山武宁王徐达第二女为代王桂妃○调山西都指挥使<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E6%88%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="周房（页面不存在）">周房</a>为山东都指挥使......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《明实录·英宗帝实录·卷之一百七十九》正统十四年六月......○己未，安惠王妃徐氏薨，妃中山武宁王达之女，洪武二十四年册封，至是薨讣闻　上辍视朝一日，遣中官致祭，命有司营葬......</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《翦勝野聞》：「徐魏國公達病疽，疾甚，帝數往視之，大集醫徒治療。且久，病少差，帝忽賜膳，魏公對使者流涕而食之，密令醫工逃逸。未幾，告薨。亟報帝，帝蓬跣擔紙錢道哭至第，命收斬醫徒。夫人大哭出拜帝，帝慰之曰：『嫂勿為後慮，有朕存焉。』因為賙其後事而還。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BF%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B2%E6%9C%AD%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="廿二史札记">廿二史札记</a>》（卷31）：“如龍興慈記徐達病疽，帝賜以蒸鵝，疽最忌鵝，達流涕食之，遂卒。是達幾不得其死。此固傳聞無稽之談。”</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E9%81%94&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8D%BB%E5%BE%B5%E9%8C%84/%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%94" class="extiw" title="s:國朝獻徵錄/卷之五">國朝獻徵錄/卷之五</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7125" class="extiw" title="s:明史/卷125">明史/卷125</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明实录">明实录</a>》中《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%A5%96%E5%AE%9E%E5%BD%95" title="明太祖实录">明太祖实录</a>》</li> <li>明·<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E7%AB%91" title="焦竑">焦竑</a>等《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E7%8D%BB%E5%BE%B5%E9%8C%84" title="國朝獻徵錄">國朝獻徵錄</a>》（卷5） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%83%E7%92%8B" title="朱元璋">朱元璋</a>御制：特进光禄大夫左柱国太傅中书右丞相征虏大将军魏国公赠中山王谥武宁徐公达神道碑</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="黄金">黄金</a>：魏国公徐公达</li></ul></li> <li>清·<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%BB%B7%E7%8E%89" title="张廷玉">张廷玉</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="明史">明史</a>》</li> <li>明·<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%A5%AF%E5%8D%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="徐祯卿">徐祯卿</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%A6%E8%83%9C%E9%87%8E%E9%97%BB" title="翦胜野闻">翦胜野闻</a>》</li> <li>清·<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E7%BF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="赵翼">赵翼</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BF%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B2%E6%9C%AD%E8%AE%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="廿二史札记">廿二史札记</a>》</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="width: auto; margin: 0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任：<br /><b>首任</b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="中書省">中書省</a>右<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9E%E7%9B%B8" title="丞相">丞相</a></b><br />1368年1月23日—1371年 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">繼任：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E5%BB%A3%E6%B4%8B" title="汪廣洋">汪广洋</a></b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%96%84%E9%95%B7" title="李善長">李善长</a></b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="中書省">中書省</a>左<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9E%E7%9B%B8" title="丞相">丞相</a></b><br />1371年 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">繼任：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%83%9F%E5%BA%B8" title="胡惟庸">胡惟庸</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">貴族爵位和頭銜（明朝） </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>新頭銜</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%8F%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="魏國公（页面不存在）">魏國公</a></b><br />1370年–1385年 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" rowspan="1">繼任者：<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E8%BC%9D%E7%A5%96" title="徐輝祖">徐輝祖</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355886#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355886#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355886#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1627828/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E9%85%8D%E4%BA%AB%E5%A4%AA%E5%BB%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:明朝配享太廟"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="明朝配享太廟王公大臣" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a>配享<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%AA%E5%BA%99" title="北京太庙">太廟</a>王公大臣</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background-color: #FFD700;">十五親王<br />及六王妃</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">太祖皇伯考、妣：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80" title="朱五一">壽春王</a>、壽春王妃劉氏<br />太祖皇兄、嫂：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E8%88%88%E9%9A%86" title="朱興隆">南昌王</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%B4%E7%9B%9B" title="朱兴盛">盱眙王</a>、盱眙王妃唐氏 - <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%85%B4%E7%A5%96" title="朱兴祖">臨淮王</a>、臨淮王夫人劉氏<br />太祖皇兄、嫂：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%87%8D%E4%B8%80" title="朱重一">霍丘王</a>、霍丘王夫人翟氏 - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8B%E8%94%A1%E7%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="下蔡王（页面不存在）">下蔡王</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E8%B1%90%E7%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安豐王（页面不存在）">安豐王</a>、安豐王夫人趙氏 - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%92%99%E5%9F%8E%E7%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蒙城王（页面不存在）">蒙城王</a>、蒙城王妃田氏<br />太祖皇侄：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%90%B5%E5%93%A5" title="朱鐵哥">寶應王</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B1%E8%BD%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朱转（页面不存在）">六安王</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B1%E8%AE%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朱记（页面不存在）">來安王</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B1%E8%87%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朱臊（页面不存在）">都梁王</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B1%E6%B6%A6_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%B1%E7%8E%8B)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朱润 (英山王)（页面不存在）">英山王</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E8%81%96%E4%BF%9D" title="朱聖保">山陽王</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%97%BA" title="朱旺">昭信王</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taimiao.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Taimiao.jpg/80px-Taimiao.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Taimiao.jpg/120px-Taimiao.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Taimiao.jpg/160px-Taimiao.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background-color: #FFD700;">功臣</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;text-align: left;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">洪武二年配享：鄖國武闵公<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%96%E6%B0%B8%E5%AE%89" title="廖永安">廖永安</a> - 虢國忠烈公<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E9%80%9A%E6%B5%B7" title="俞通海">俞通海</a> - 蔡國忠毅公<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%9D" title="張德勝">張德勝</a> - 永義侯<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E4%B8%96%E5%82%91" title="桑世傑">桑世傑</a> - 泗國武壮公<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%BF%E5%86%8D%E6%88%90" title="耿再成">耿再成</a> - 越國武庄公<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%B7" title="胡大海">胡大海</a> - 梁國武桓公<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%9D" title="趙德勝">趙德勝</a><br />洪武三年配享：開平忠武王<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E9%81%87%E6%98%A5" title="常遇春">常遇春</a><br />洪武九年配享：中山武宁王<a class="mw-selflink selflink">徐達</a> - 岐陽武靖王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="李文忠 (明朝)">李文忠</a> - 寧河武顺王<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A7%E6%84%88" title="鄧愈">鄧愈</a> - 東甌襄武王<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E5%92%8C" title="汤和">湯和</a> - 黔寧昭靖王<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%90%E8%8B%B1" title="沐英">沐英</a><br />洪熙元年配享：河間忠武王<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E7%8E%89" title="張玉">張玉</a>、東平武烈王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E8%83%BD_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="朱能 (明朝)">朱能</a>、寧國效忠公<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%9C%9F_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="王真 (明朝)">王真</a><br />嘉靖十年配享：誠意文成伯<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%BC%AF%E6%B8%A9" title="刘伯温">劉基</a><br />嘉靖十六年配享：营国威襄公<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E8%8B%B1" title="郭英">郭英</a><br />崇禎十七年配享：寧陵武壯王<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AE%E5%8B%9D" title="馮勝">馮勝</a>、麗江武靖王<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E5%8F%8B%E5%BE%B7" title="傅友德">傅友德</a>、慶國武勇公<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%96%E6%B0%B8%E5%BF%A0" title="廖永忠">廖永忠</a>、濠國武威公<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%BC_(%E5%AE%9A%E8%BF%9C%E4%BE%AF)" title="王弼 (定远侯)">王弼</a>、勝國武愍公<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E8%88%88%E7%A5%96" title="汪興祖">汪興祖</a>、巂國襄烈公<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9E%E6%B7%B5" title="俞淵">俞淵</a>、興國武愍公<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%BF%E7%82%B3%E6%96%87" title="耿炳文">耿炳文</a>、涼國公<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%96%E6%97%BA_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" class="mw-redirect" title="廖旺 (明朝)">廖旺</a>、東莞恭靖侯<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E7%9C%9F" title="何真">何真</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=徐達&oldid=85092986">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=徐達&oldid=85092986</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1332%E5%B9%B4%E5%87%BA%E7%94%9F" title="Category:1332年出生">1332年出生</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1385%E5%B9%B4%E9%80%9D%E4%B8%96" title="Category:1385年逝世">1385年逝世</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%BA%A2%E5%B7%BE%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="Category:红巾军人物">红巾军人物</a></li><li><a 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