CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135ca97b9ef40aa',cH: 'MeK_cavCq.yQGPoQzcK2L7FjTdCG.2.2iYaB0E.wdGY-1739795454-1.2.1.1-qp0BOWJY1qAMBNbetzSnWciYekDChGKoOsYPUSA3ThFC.bnpiKYIOchimnTu5JiF',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/40820\/kbase-technological-framework-requirements?__cf_chl_tk=TWzKktYp8yHoCZgKvayWMOoqUnzcWCqizEebTxuJzZY-1739795454-1.0.1.1-.KZAlRX50M6MUxH_Ay0_fx9joR4xtUOhZIOtgWoGyaQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739795454',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/40820\/kbase-technological-framework-requirements?__cf_chl_f_tk=TWzKktYp8yHoCZgKvayWMOoqUnzcWCqizEebTxuJzZY-1739795454-1.0.1.1-.KZAlRX50M6MUxH_Ay0_fx9joR4xtUOhZIOtgWoGyaQ",md: "qyZGJWtpYV6UpN_nwt3.WGobKJLCVoKhkVG7qbTLzWw-1739795454-1.2.1.1-VyCyRgx3XaHQZB7j3BprDo.O3rhx4wsyGAcF6ylMhrAFQ_vYlmVZYiD07xKHPpLpJtjRIaPzJl_tFFo3zQfWjYY8kX8AHwvuM8SOfM3KXS7Nh90xKK1Rf1lvzj75Bk5dgUSdsAiepIKCBS4ev6057RsFIqjHatt8Y5uBtIN5Uh_Ni50NeJb1fWqZ4bLRJlKQgZAx4.nWyFRJ5Sk1Y6VyDUoB9if0XC9OupoOIEOoVqY7BUhSsb51SJtyyKUAARNWMwHAyKF41POPhKK.e_wCFLr.GgGxA8OqWe2ISmPnSggpYiDspFVoOT_MiZEdCUPhtqkPOOn9nwg3Ha60KKgwUzQSg.0W.dsejBUqleqoobk8w9R_TrvJnzNmF7.RkQIbh2hqKdvLX2XKmQL23qsg.VERTtFetk1qFQi3pteZAZ2cZ7tZQHPiLVBb5psSOMAhNDfTeawOjPGrRbbHRC8g0YPPeefq3Ucy0t4p8J6sTsJW0ogCSo9mCIxXMrwjYX_fmoGCdunWt65ncsSLbPUnWj2VoCQsHCFEAqewAihAg1NYGwY9h22DPMLFFFEQZ5DZoXLb2okuNXtilS3F21OwqsFIpnuBz6VhQDHxOiC54nm.KjilMij3omqxG1sI7v9gwHtADeh5.h7Pb7Ra6IeKx2gRBD8vMdsOSlMc_CMcmTEM7UAZ.2isXOIoHjjPZQ7mZFgrS7bI9q.sGKWdh_PZwNQ5HFWt7VHiKMc8CWMwwsCOFvYABIF7ComNMs9uDS0.6aY.2DpTnq2UPK3NJ_9sk0B4ZQvdqNObXoE945.TpnB75qaYB.P6eT1pVFwVA4.RFwUrZ9y4C3LZVVZYTFwFuyCWeVgTmqsQSl.7IeY_AW8qI0NuPqW2h42m4cThkWOma6OYgaAKfxQB5JxpaK50n9FTBIDDC2o0iWSlyJXP.0cf1krV8wjCBmD4z_vg6gkAxZzPSF2LSiRk8O5L9SwvsJok_6AR8CP3u3C_vxoNMJLbQkUMkPkYzRJG9sbigzuAOweTpy1eXtIcdUA8jLXjUiUUqz61VZ3Peiyy3PH52eXowyJ5_PWavRsNVnDKZDEVGzKzjFbmav0xawYa6c_TTzc1eE.atfP3.vY43WJeQ6nPsq41Us0j4DR4bOSgXgSR2AFUhPMhSO9ICOl1Sf3WlbMQ3v537MA6bG7Gojd0P.htAKk7xraULxxzse2KvBUVcbi71Y_9RnbKzRDxKJFaZ_nyuWfzegOFMKbUQ.A_YMrgO7L8Lxcrcevpym4hSvR.Cl9u2CAuuTLMSZ69y2wD1Ylw_8lKPeZHiHlWiPpA0W2cZyByTqy9wcdLnXkXAwpH99tsDPnutJ1A.B3hgygleul45_paxxlDK8FXJJ_QF.gv7lf5LCbnE6DQc7PbCyH63_JWhOhoayIwev8tJgxaedm9Cnarq0HCDTiN2r6BdXNnGdLIZ0GyfuTBcG1baW_gCNX7Ow5ihusSXpOeK18rAszDWb2BNITZ4QVXKSAyNwcQ4BmWFyNPtoFPTFBuPRqo9S_yqlPw_yz_mN_EfU.kHrLL7YjhPOjohIt6Pbf9f7ceBou7Hsb3MtwcfOX3C6ydvKyAQsDudLPOmY_8_g7a0r6D1GzFGzM2yInUDccyH3J5eGOqM4e2v2ZZ_y5z.SRIak_HxU8Haifm963rSqF0rMR918rKNFDUzCrzIvg94sx_9gnTG2SWW1uXtRLkenGL5VmaAUmIYoUpwEAqVlg2jZl3FjG6vbeNnMycle62ENBMUyXdpFakGanm1QjARd3OmkvOQC8ZAK2T5EJQ5rZEXHXxSCggaGHflInYJnJQMLMwMT.2RvyFpJv7lYuAMy5cOyWq5NhF2mZ3Bf5IMp1gFyj5sgGuzOWnJ1vBIk12cz.v4tmv5bcfhlmhHPHc2CJSPsJ74z5anf1HqAwg3DLEVvBQH2iyLylyLgcWAJRw.SmIQllLCSSFLewJSgckfn9lYm82K4OYLX_G2mDOFBdUyCRVZAcoP6bVFOY52D.zQBE",mdrd: "Y6ZYxjVkEDHWNn1JjDFd4xjh8HK2.Lr2SpzEuGKFL6k-1739795454-1.2.1.1-pI7x6W5Gv8kjTs2jn.9pWOwVLaRmOaWc0rseXT9unVEXY3DogH_nm54iRIotdL6a0pqsBheiQoiQestQXomq3JpSqliGIOpEcd61Vo9TmsY3oAykfxTHO_pR1gCy01JiVMKrdZl8FytU1UTnDb2axGK4P6aEPx.mBQpduR1D6IzlDwlrm1k9t_VUZyzPGRwrQJHj5EbIpxe0bQhl6NMEmj8zwHfVBgWzYHhW9z.rAVEarfZ6AihT7wlL4Z_KQH_..GGG3CdmEAVY.3hR3Flw921efKozXsUdHqNxLQiA5I8_C1P6WYIxJ776swedh6O88iQ21GE_aExLSkdWLNLzJBeqg1DJggpP9LJi0zAnE1leQ3LkdkZhyaroNoUcB1_bZhxUdZAivOJJQ9RgP17yNxdczS_NwlQ.WfJWvTJR0fffIc.ma.mi1fpFniAQet_kBJ9l7DcLH_75Su79rRHwFmp_hvnl6jR97UCtyCYRGrs.b05XuscafI6JGHrlcTNBPZy0nl8GEQjGWnY3nHwvUwcz9cRT4OXxOnK1v_FzUJI_rG5rRiwMEyvWtQBFCAFpIauD_CUyAut0yKMMqNlHXQyNYY1bRpgjMHxT0RZi2XMlaZYQTsU2N1E7tr_rJAChfHUU1235LUWZ2OO9fYRbwXbL1TfZLMyJvkUbQ62c9iFn5fJ9MJkbU5UgN7EORzYtlLrKLtomIh9XP3CFYE9g9zSWctfhSxtql.FT7rFnj2KtIGTKBNygwEZS0UGaBDeiR3grwOhCejKRf8fXIUgojSE3oKGASfnW2iugaGuJ_AyYZcTgeRLCwPy21Je0v5Z2tRcR9mdXNQEoJhN8VbMOOa_Wp5NIeT9ekooxdersqWXWHBGHyrse5EQH6fcOxIR40RokPbJbwQuEBduDMPdTI2VfAgsZMAJxs37KW6wrkr8FHjxufMSnvLDmrBm6MueV.knreub.4zZz4rMrTt4gCEKEVNWxEBYnK176XAp4.8i36cxtFFjY1IKjNPeZQ66yHN2kCxyKjyJrbbEW1Eh10A22jA6Vz0fpY66yWtJ4h7r6Ei06hioijJmrT_GBalaW41RItk_yu1XFTAeGwu.cS8gZLpTVm4w.W17G3sbXvgA2N78diHGxtoRpPguea9hx68ym46jKhOMMoSN4dTFLDGxNVzQeIv.JWH38ZQlznMBAAIJnUn2tVAVlq5JYxLAnfS7xPOKEUWlEwJMVd3XH3O.vSWzYu5tlqP4XrF8mMW4v8wbY0QGEfzvoTKWBj4IeTMmhJeOgZnbTLidvskiCIJCC_OXQ11yvN8sJ1kKdp2M2Ikbx7yyWOrAmW8PDI2qmPgN8JIiXsR05rdvTleHhIw1ELkUUwEur9NkF1AbNXlF_fTzWTCiIANKSp9tEKPLX3yH4IU83rzZBxQDdP0j7ny9ZulqDtmSdHNlBAB9THQPbcuvNNX3vl3d4qVDJtBgqgv6pEuSfIg3m_Vztg4nnpdXim3JTCS6oBAxD_sJztAWOkHIi8DvxAfZvylyhghMTp8uGa0n1YMqQLqY5ZQMTVffkucOkAGJgbQRph00QFob_EwxLhqQCQNIqtaq103p1Qoq7X71t0PNj1XRM94PGHF0N_PlySk_vTVU_PWhlJPVq2mNidR0nT19CceOpqkwO8pN0O9ZqnZPIJIO1eA_F24IMw.nFGfAEID3g1Bh_AIkH2WB0Te7mgRMP28X0rYxEg81IOORE8YRMP7UsM20ea.F970fknQgrRg9Hw4GKAGJhv44YRCg1SIbUVj5Tl_1a2LkVBNj5U7MT8vBcvbPE1J5sjF0D37XNPauyhMO0XLLEOTFASRCTo_y2.idxUNh3f8bHC.zyo6h7J3N6DEjAlOtVwgMyPbfH0z1OpWKpcoRODIOU63boBjMSqC139_zZKaADZRlqNs3ZmFyf5tQIqfn.niShjnzI5BKHtIUuMjTjaxOjJjKba0Cbv9ySwwOlQjM3BY4tG2c8MCpwB46JvA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135ca97b9ef40aa';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/40820\/kbase-technological-framework-requirements?__cf_chl_rt_tk=TWzKktYp8yHoCZgKvayWMOoqUnzcWCqizEebTxuJzZY-1739795454-1.0.1.1-.KZAlRX50M6MUxH_Ay0_fx9joR4xtUOhZIOtgWoGyaQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>